Anritsu S114C, S113C, S331C, S332C User Manual

Download

Site Master S113C, S114C, S331C, S332C,

Antenna, Cable and

Spectrum Analyzer

User's Guide

Hand-Held Tester for Transmission Lines

and other RF Components

WARRANTY

The Anritsu product(s) listed on the title page is (are) warranted against defects in materials and workmanship for one year from the date of shipment. Anritsu's obligation covers repairing or replacing products which prove to be defec tive during the warranty period. Buyers shall prepay transportation charges for equipment returned to Anritsu for warranty repairs. Obligation is limited to the origi nal purchaser. Anritsu is not liable for consequential damages.

LIMITATION OF WARRANTY

The foregoing warranty does not apply to Anritsu connectors that have failed due to normal wear. Also, the warranty does not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by the Buyer, unauthorized modification or misuse, or op eration outside the environmental specifications of the product. No other warranty is expressed or implied, and the remedies provided herein are the Buyer's sole and exclusive remedies.

TRADEMARK ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

MS-DOS, Windows, Windows 95, Windows NT, Windows 98, Windows 2000 and Windows ME are registered trademarks of the Microsoft Corporation. Anritsu and Site Master are trademarks of Anritsu Company.

NOTICE

Anritsu Company has prepared this manual for use by Anritsu Company personnel and customers as a guide for the proper installation, operation and maintenance of Anritsu Company equipment and computer programs. The drawings, specifications, and information contained herein are the property of Anritsu Company, and any unauthorized use or disclosure of these drawings, specifications, and information is prohibited; they shall not be reproduced, copied, or used in whole or in part as the basis for manufacture or sale of the equipment or software programs without the prior written consent of Anritsu Company.

October 2001 10580-00060 Copyright ã 2001 Anritsu Co. Revision: A

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 - General Information

Introduction..................................1-1

Description ..................................1-1

Standard Accessories .............................1-1

Options ....................................1-2

Optional Accessories .............................1-2

Performance Specifications .........................1-3

Preventive Maintenance ...........................1-6

Calibration ..................................1-6

InstaCal Module ...............................1-7

Annual Verification..............................1-7

Chapter 2 - Functions and Operations

Introduction..................................2-1

Test Connector Panel.............................2-1

Front Panel Overview ............................2-2

Function Hard Keys .............................2-3

Keypad Hard Keys ..............................2-4

Soft Keys ...................................2-6

Power Monitor Menu ............................2-15

Symbols ...................................2-19

Self Test ...................................2-19

Error Codes .................................2-19

Self Test Errors ..................................2-19

Range Errors ...................................2-21

InstaCal Error Messages .............................2-22

Battery Information.............................2-24

Charging a New Battery ..........................2-24

Charging the Battery in the Site Master.....................2-24

Charging the Battery in the Optional Charger .................2-24

Battery Charge Indicator.............................2-25

Battery Life ....................................2-25

Important Battery Information .........................2-26

Chapter 3 - Getting Started

Introduction..................................3-1

Power On Procedure .............................3-1

Select the Frequency or Distance ......................3-2

Calibration ..................................3-2

Calibration Verification ..............................3-3

Manual Calibration Procedure ..........................3-4

InstaCal Module Verification ...........................3-5

InstaCal Module Calibration Procedure .....................3-6

Calibration with the Test Port Extension Cable .................3-6

Setting the Scale................................3-7

Auto Scale ......................................3-7

Amplitude Scale...................................3-7

Save and Recall a Setup ...........................3-7

Saving a Setup ...................................3-7

Recalling a Setup ..................................3-8

Save and Recall a Display ..........................3-8

Saving a Display ..................................3-8

Recalling a Display .................................3-8

Set the Distance and Cable Type .........................3-9

Changing the Units .................................3-9

Changing the Display Language..........................3-9

Printing....................................3-10

Printing a Screen .................................3-10

Printer Switch Settings ..............................3-11

Using the Soft Carrying Case........................3-12

Chapter 4 - Cable & Antenna Measurements

Introduction..................................4-1

Line Sweep Fundamentals ..........................4-1

Information Required for a Line Sweep ..................4-2

Typical Line Sweep Test Procedures ....................4-3

System Return Loss Measurement ........................4-3

Insertion Loss Measurement............................4-4

Distance-To-Fault (DTF) Transmission Line Test ................4-8

Antenna Subsystem Return Loss Test ......................4-10

Chapter 5 - Spectrum Analyzer Measurements

Introduction..................................5-1

Occupied Bandwidth .............................5-1

Channel Power Measurement ........................5-2

Channel Power Measurement with the Site Master ...............5-2

Adjacent Channel Power Measurement ..................5-4

Out-of-Band Spurious Emission Measurements ..............5-6

In-Band/Out-of-Channel Measurements ..................5-7

Field Strength Measurement.........................5-8

Antenna Calculations.............................5-9

Chapter 6 - Power Measurement

Introduction..................................6-1

Power Measurement .............................6-1

Chapter 7 - Site Master Software Tools

Introduction..................................7-1

Features ....................................7-1

System Requirements.............................7-1

Installation ..................................7-2

Communication Port Setting............................7-2

Interface Cable Installation ............................7-3

Using Software Tools .............................7-3

Downloading Traces from the Site Master .................7-3

Plot Capture..................................7-4

Plot Properties ................................7-4

Trace Overlay or Plot Overlay...........................7-5

Saving Traces ....................................7-5

Custom Cable List .................................7-6

Entering Antenna Factors .............................7-7

Uploading Antenna Factors ............................7-8

Creating a Database ................................7-8

Printing Formats ..................................7-8

Appendix A - Reference Data

Coaxial Cable Technical Data........................A-1

Appendix B - Windowing

Introduction .................................B-1

Examples ...................................B-1

iii/iv

Chapter 1 General Information

Introduction

This chapter provides a description, performance specifications, optional accessories, pre ventive maintenance, and calibration requirements for the Site Master models S113C, S114C, S331C, and S332C. Throughout this manual, the term Site Master will refer to the models S113C, S114C, S331C, and S332C.

Model

S113C S114C S331C S332C

Frequency Range

2 to 1600 MHz 2 to 1600 MHz, 100 kHz to 1600 MHz Spectrum Analysis 25 to 4000 MHz 25 to 4000 MHz, 100 kHz to 3000 MHz Spectrum Analysis

Description

The Site Master is a hand held SWR/RL (standing wave ratio/return loss), and Distance-ToFault (DTF) measurement instrument that includes a built-in synthesized signal source. All models include a keypad to enter data and a liquid crystal display (LCD) to provide graphic indications of SWR or RL over the selected frequency range and selected distance. The Site Master is capable of up to 2.5 hours of continuous operation from a fully charged field-replaceable battery and can be operated from a 12.5 dc source. Built-in energy conservation features can be used to extend battery life over an eight-hour work day.

The Site Master is designed for measuring SWR, return loss, or cable insertion loss and locating faulty RF components in antenna systems. Power monitoring is available as an option. Site Master models S114C and S332C include spectrum analysis capability. The displayed trace can be scaled or enhanced with frequency markers or limit lines. A menu option provides for an audible “beep” when the limit value is exceeded. To permit use in low-light environments, the LCD can be back lit using a front panel key.

Standard Accessories

The Software Tools PC-based software program provides a database record for storing measurement data. Site Master Software Tools can also convert the Site Master display to a Microsoft Windowsä 95/98/NT4/2000/ME workstation graphic. Measurements stored in the Site Master internal memory can be downloaded to the PC using the included null-mo dem serial cable. Once stored, the graphic trace can be displayed, scaled, or enhanced with markers and limit lines. Historical graphs can be overlaid with current data, and underlying data can be extracted and used in spreadsheets or for other analytical tasks.

The Site Master Software Tools program can display all of the measurements made with the Site Master (SWR, return loss, cable loss, distance-to-fault) as well as providing other func tions, such as converting display modes and Smith charts. Refer to Chapter 7, Software Tools, for more information.

1-1

Chapter 1 General Information

The following items are supplied with the basic hardware.

Soft Carrying Case

AC-DC Adapter

Automotive Cigarette Lighter 12 Volt DC Adapter,

CDROM disk containing the Software Tools program. This program contains Fault Lo

cation (DTF) and Smith Chart functions Serial Interface Cable (null modem type)

InstaCal Module

One year Warranty (includes battery, firmware, and software)

User's Guide

Options

Option 5 — Add Power Monitor

Optional Accessories

Anritsu Precision N (m) Open/Short/Load, 42 dB, Part No. OSLN50LF

Anritsu Precision N (f) Open/Short/Load, 42 dB, Part No. OSLNF50LF

Anritsu Precision N (m) Short/Open, Part No. 22N50

Anritsu Precision N (f) Short/Open, Part No. 22NF50

Site Master Precision N (m) Load, 42 dB, Part No. SM/PL

Site Master Precision N (f) Load, 42 dB, Part No. SM/PLNF

7/16 (m) Precision Open/Short/Load, Part No. 2000-767

7/16 (f) Precision Open/Short/Load, Part No. 2000-768

Adapter, Precision N (m) to N (m), Part No. 34NN50A

Adapter, Precision N (f) to N (f), Part No. 34NFNF50

Adapter, 7/16 (f) to N (m), Part No. 510-90

Adapter, 7/16 (f) to N (f), Part No. 510-91

Adapter, 7/16 (m) to N (m), Part No. 510-92

Adapter, 7/16 (m) to N (f), Part No. 510-93

Adapter, 7/16 DIN (m) to 7/16 DIN (m), Part No. 510-96

Adapter, 7/16 DIN (f) to 7/16 DIN (f), Part No. 510-97

Armored Test Port Extension Cable, 1.5 meter, N (m) to N (f), Part No. 15NNF50-1.5C

Armored Test Port Extension Cable, 3.0 meter, N (m) to N (f), Part No. 15NNF50-3.0C

Armored Test Port Extension Cable, 5.0 meter, N (m) to N (f), Part No. 15NNF50-5.0C

Armored Test Port Extension Cable, 1.5 meter, N (m) to N (m), Part No. 15NN50-1.5C

1-2

Chapter 1 General Information

Armored Test Port Extension Cable, 3.0 meter, N (m) to

N (m), Part No. 15NN50-3.0C Armored Test Port Extension Cable, 5.0 meter, N (m) to

N (m), Part No. 15NN50-5.0C Armored Test Port Extension Cable, 1.5 meter, N (m) to

7/16 DIN (f), Part No. 15NDF50-1.5C Armored Test Port Extension Cable, 1.5 meter, N (m) to

7/16 DIN (m), Part No. 15ND50-1.5C RF Detector, 1 to 3000 MHz, N(m) input connector, 50 Ohms, Part No. 5400-71N50

RF Detector, 0.01 to 20 GHz, N(m) input connector, 50 Ohms, Part No. 560-7N50B

Transit Case for Site Master, Part No. 760-215A

Antenna SMA (f), 50 W, 1.71 to 1.88 GHz, Part No. 2000-1030

Antenna SMA (f), 50 W, 1.85 to 1.99 GHz, Part No. 2000-1031

Antenna SMA (f), 50 W, 2.4 to 2.5 GHz, Part No. 2000-1032

Antenna SMA (f), 50 W, 806 to 869 MHz, Part No. 2000-1034

Antenna SMA (f), 50 W, 896 to 941 MHz, Part No. 2000-1035

HP Deskjet 350 Printer, Part No. 2000-766

Serial-to-Parallel Converter Cable (use with the HP 350 Printer), Part No. 2000-753

Seiko DPU-414 Thermal Printer, Part No. 2000-754 (U.S.) or

2000-761 (Europe)

· US Adapter (use with the DPU-414 Printer),

Part No. 2000-1002

Europe Adapter (use with the DPU-414 Printer) Part No. 2000-1003

Japan Adapter (use with the DPU-414 Printer) Part No. 2000-1194

Battery Pack (use with the DPU-414 Printer) Part No. 2000-1004

Serial Interface Cable (use with the DPU-414 Printer), Part No. 2000-1012

Thermal Paper (use with the DPU-411/DPU-414 Printer), Part No. 2000-755

Rechargeable Battery, NiMH Part No. 633-27

Battery Charger with universal power supply, NiMH only Part No. 2000-1029

Performance Specifications

Performance specifications are provided in Table 1-1, on the following page.

1-3

Chapter 1 General Information

Table 1-1. Performance Specifications (1 of 2)

Specifications are valid when the unit is calibrated at ambient temperature after a 5 minute warmup. Typical values are provided for reference only and are not guaranteed.

Description

Site Master: Frequency Range:

S113C, S114C S331C, S332C

Frequency Accuracy (RF Source Mode) £75 parts per million @ 25°C* Frequency Resolution: S113C, S114C

S331C, S332C

SWR: Range

Resolution

Return Loss: Range

Resolution

**Distance-To-Fault (DTF):

Vertical Range Return Loss:

SWR:

Horizontal Range

Horizontal Resolution for Coax (rectangular windowing)

2 to 1600 MHz 25 to 4000 MHz

10 kHz 100 kHz

1.00 to 65.00

0.01

0.00 to 54.00 dB

0.01 dB

0.00 to 54.00 dB

1.00 to 65.00 0 to ((# of data points –1) ´ resolution) a maximum of 1000m (3281 ft.) with a maximum of 517 points resolution, # of data pts. = 130, 259, 517

(. )( )15 108´ Vp

Where V the cable; dp is the number of data points (130, 259, 517); DF is the stop frequency minus the start frequency (Hz)

is the relative propagation velocity of

Value

Horizontal Resolution for Waveguide

RF Power Monitor:

Display Range Detector Range

Offset Range

Resolution Test Port Connector Type N, 50W, female ***Immunity to Interfering signals

up to the level of: S113C, S114C

S331C, S332C

Maximum Input without Damage:

Test Port, Type N (f)

RF Power Detector Measurement Accuracy:

Measurement accuracy depends on calibration components. Precision calibration components have a directivity of 42 dB.

Cable Insertion Loss: Range

Resolution

Transmission Line Loss (one-port)

Range Resolution

15 10 1

.((/))´-FF

Where F

is the start frequency (Hz); DF is the stop fre-

quency minus the start frequency (Hz)

–80.0 to +80 dBm or

10.0 pW to 100.0 kW –50 dBm to +20 dBm, or 10 mW to 100 mW 0 to +60.0 dB

0.1 dB or 0.1 W

on-channel on-frequency +17 dBm +10 dBm +17 dBm –6 dBm

+20 dBm, 50W, +50 VDC +20 dBm, 50W, +50 VDC

0.00 to 54.00 dB

0.01 dB

0.00 to 20.00 dB

0.01 dB

is the waveguide cutoff frequency (Hz);

1-4

Chapter 1 General Information

Table 1-2. Performance Specifications (2 of 2)

Spectrum Analyzer:

Frequency Range S114C

S332C

Frequency Reference Aging

Accuracy

Frequency Span S114C

S332C

Sweep Time ³650 ms (full span)

Resolution Bandwidth

Accuracy Video Bandwidth 100 Hz to 300 kHz in 1-3 sequence SSB Phase Noise (1 GHz) @ 30 kHz offset £ –75 dBc/Hz Spurious Responses, Input Related £ –45 dBc Spurious Residual Responses £ –95 dBm Note: 10 kHz resolution bandwidth, input terminated, no attenuation

Amplitude

Measurement Range –97 dBm to +20 dBm typical Dynamic Range ³ 65 dB typical Maximum Safe Input Level +20 dBm, maximum measurable safe input

Displayed Average Noise Level: £ –80 dBm (100 kHz to 300 kHz) typical

Display Range, Log Scale 2 to 15 dB/div. in 1 dB steps; 10 divisions displayed.

Frequency Response

RF Input VSWR 2.0:1 Resolution (Ref. Level) 1.0 dB Total Level Accuracy ±2 dB ³ 300 kHz typical

General

Internal Memory:

Trace Memory

Instrument configuration RS-232

Electromagnetic Compatibility Complies with European community requirements

Power Supply:

External DC Input +12.5 to +15 Vdc, 1100 mA max.

Temperature: Storage

Operating Weight: 2.15 kg (4.76 pounds) Dimensions: 25.4 x 17.8 x 6.1 cm

100 kHz to 1.6 GHz 100 kHz to 3.0 GHz

±1 ppm/yr ±2 ppm

0 Hz (zero span) 100 kHz to 1.6 GHz 0 Hz (zero span) 100 kHz to 3.0 GHz

500 ms (zero span) 10 kHz, 30 kHz, 100 kHz, 1 MHz

± 20% typical

+27 dBm, maximum input (damage) +27 dBm, peak pulse power +50 Vdc

£ –97 dBm (>300 kHz) typical

±3 dB <300 kHz typical

200 maximum 10 setup locations 9 pin D-sub, three wire serial

for CE marking

–20° C to 75° C

0° C to 50° C

(10x7x2.4inches)

* ±2 ppm/D°C from 25°C ** Fault location is accomplished by inverse Fourier Transformation of data taken with the Site Master. Resolution and

maximum range depend on the number of frequency data points, frequency sweep range and relative propagation velocity of the cable being tested.

*** Immunity measurement is made in CW mode with incoming interfering signal exactly at the same frequency (worst case situation). Typical immunity is better when swept frequency is used.

1-5

Chapter 1 General Information

Preventive Maintenance

Site Master preventive maintenance consists of cleaning the unit and inspecting and clean ing the RF connectors on the instrument and all accessories.

Clean the Site Master with a soft, lint-free cloth dampened with water or water and a mild cleaning solution.

CAUTION: To avoid damaging the display or case, do not use solvents or abra sive cleaners.

Clean the RF connectors and center pins with a cotton swab dampened with denatured alco hol. Visually inspect the connectors. The fingers of the N (f) connectors and the pins of the N (m) connectors should be unbroken and uniform in appearance. If you are unsure whether the connectors are good, gauge the connectors to confirm that the dimensions are correct.

Visually inspect the test port cable(s). The test port cable should be uniform in appearance, not stretched, kinked, dented, or broken.

Calibration

The Site Master is a field portable unit operating in the rigors of the test environment. An Open-Short-Load (OSL) calibration should be performed prior to making a measurement in the field (see Calibration, page 3-2). A built-in temperature sensor in the Site Master advises the user, via an icon located on the right side of the LCD screen, that the internal temperature has exceeded a safety window, and the user is advised to perform another OSL calibration in order to maintain the integrity of the measurement.

NOTES: For best calibration results—compensation for all measurement uncertain ties—ensure that the Open/ Short/Load is at the end of the test port or optional extension cable; that is, at the same point that you will connect the antenna or device to be tested.

For best results, use a phase stable Test Port Extension Cable (see Optional Accessories). If you use a typical laboratory cable to extend the Site Master test port to the device under test, cable bending subsequent to the OSL calibration will cause uncompensated phase reflections inside the cable. Thus, cables which are NOT phase stable may cause measurement errors that are more pro nounced as the test frequency increases.

For optimum calibration, Anritsu recommends using precision calibration com ponents.

1-6

Chapter 1 General Information

InstaCal Module

The Anritsu InstaCal module can be used in place of discrete components to calibrate the Site Master. The InstaCal module can be used to perform an Open, Short and Load (OSL) calibration procedure. Calibration of the Site Master with the InstaCal takes approximately 45 seconds (see Calibration, page 3-2). Unlike a discrete calibration component, the InstaCal module can not be used at the top of the tower to conduct load or insertion loss measurements. The module operates from 2 MHz to 4 GHz and weighs eight ounces.

Anritsu recommends annual re-characterization of the InstaCal module to verify perfor mance with precision instrument data. The re-characterization can be performed at a local service center or at the factory.

Annual Verification

Anritsu recommends an annual calibration and performance verification of the Site Master and the OSL calibration components and InstaCal module by local Anritsu service centers. Anritsu service centers are listed in Table 1-2 on the following page.

The Site Master itself is self-calibrating, meaning that there are no field-adjustable compo nents. However, the OSL calibration components are crucial to the integrity of the calibra tion and therefore, must be verified periodically to ensure performance conformity. This is especially important if the OSL calibration components have been accidentally dropped or over-torqued.

1-7

Chapter 1 General Information

Table 1-2. Anritsu Service Centers

UNITED STATES

ANRITSU COMPANY 685 Jarvis Drive Morgan Hill, CA 95037-2809 Telephone: (408) 776-8300,

1-800-ANRITSU

FAX: 408-776-1744

ANRITSU COMPANY 10 New Maple Ave., Unit 305 Pine Brook, NJ 07058 Telephone: (201) 227-8999,

1-800-ANRITSU

FAX: 201-575-0092

ANRITSU COMPANY 1155E. Collins Blvd Richardson, TX 75081 Telephone: 1-800-ANRITSU FAX: 972-671-1877

AUSTRALIA

ANRITSU PTY. LTD. Unit 3, 170 Foster Road Mt. Waverley, VIC 3149 Australia Telephone: 03-9558-8177 Fax: 03-9558-8255

BRAZIL

ANRITSU ELECTRONICALTDA. Praia de Botafogo 440, Sala 2401 CEP 22250-040,Rio de Janeiro,RJ, Brasil Telephone: 021-28-69-141 Fax: 021-53-71-456

CANADA

ANRITSU INSTRUMENTS LTD. 215 Stafford Road, Unit 102 Nepean, Ontario K2H 9C1 Telephone: (613) 828-4090 FAX: (613) 828-5400

CHINA

ANRITSU (SHANGHAI) ACSH 2F, Rm. B, 52 Section Factory Building No. 516 Fu Te Road (N) Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone Pudong, Shanghai 200131 Telephone: 021-5868-0226 FAX: 021-5868-0588

FRANCE

ANRITSU S.A 9 Avenue du Quebec Zone de Courtaboeuf 91951 Les Ulis Cedex Telephone: 016-44-66-546 FAX: 016-44-61-065

GERMANY

ANRITSU GmbH Grafenberger Allee 54-56 D-40237 Dusseldorf, Germany Telephone: 0211-96 85 50 FAX: 0211-96 85 555

INDIA

MEERA AGENCIES (P) LTD A-23 Hauz Khas New Delhi 110 016 Telephone: 011-685-3959 FAX: 011-686-6720

ISRAEL

TECH-CENT, LTD Haarad St. No. 7, Ramat Haahayal Tel-Aviv 69701 Telephone: (03) 64-78-563 FAX: (03) 64-78-334

ITALY

ANRITSU Sp.A Rome Office Via E. Vittorini, 129 00144 Roma EUR Telephone: (06) 50-22-666 FAX: (06) 50-22-4252

JAPAN

ANRITSU CORPORATION 1800 Onna Atsugi-shi Kanagawa-Prf. 243 Japan Telephone: 0462-23-1111 FAX: 0462-25-8379

KOREA

ANRITSU CORPORATION LTD. #901 Daeo Bldg. 26-5 YeoidoDong, Youngdeungpo Seoul Korea 150 010 Telephone: 02-782-7156 FAX: 02-782-4590

SINGAPORE

ANRITSU (SINGAPORE) PTE LTD 10, Hoe Chiang Road #07-01/02 Keppel Towers Singapore 089315 Telephone: 65-2822400 FAX: 65-2822533

SOUTH AFRICA

ETESCSA 12 Surrey Square Office Park 330 Surrey Avenue Ferndale, Randburt, 2194 South Africa Telephone:01-11-787-7200 Fax: 01-11-787-0446

SWEDEN

ANRITSU AB Botvid Center S-1585 Stockholm, Sweden Telephone: (08) 534-717-00 FAX: (08) 534-717-30

TAIWAN

ANRITSU CO., LTD. 8F, No. 96, Section 3 Chien Kuo N. Road Taipei, Taiwan,R.O.C. Telephone: (02) 515-6050 FAX: (02) 509-5519

UNITED KINGDOM

ANRITSU LTD. 200 Capability Green Luton, Bedfordshire LU1 3LU, England Telephone: 015-82-41-88-53 FAX: 015-82-31-303

1-8

Chapter 2

Functions and Operations

Introduction

This chapter provides a brief overview of the Site Master functions and operations, provid ing the user with a starting point for making basic measurements. For more detailed infor mation, refer to Chapter 4, Measurements and Chapter 7, Software Tools.

The Site Master is designed specifically for field environments and applications requiring mobility. As such, it is a lightweight, handheld, battery operated unit which can be easily carried to any location, and is capable of up to 2.5 hours of continuous operation from a fully charged battery. Built-in energy conservation features allow battery life to be extended over an eight-hour workday. The Site Master can also be powered by a 12.5 Vdc external source. The external source can be either the Anritsu AC-DC Adapter (P/N 40-115) or 12.5 Vdc Automotive Cigarette Lighter Adapter (P/N 806-62). Both items are standard accesso ries.

Test Connector Panel

The connectors and indicators located on the test panel are listed and described below.

12.5-15VDC (1100 mA)

When using the AC-DC Adapter, always use a three-wire power cable connected to a three-wire power line outlet. If power is supplied without grounding the equip ment in this manner, there is a risk of receiving a severe or fatal electric shock.

12.5 to 15 Vdc @ 1100 mA input to power the unit or for battery charging.

WARNING

Battery Charging

External Power

Serial Interface

RF Out RF output, 50 W impedance, for reflection measurements.

RF In RF input, 50 W impedance, for spectrum analysis measurements.

RF Detector RF detector input for the Power Monitor.

Illuminates when the battery is being charged. The indicator automatically shuts

off when the battery is fully charged.

Illuminates when the Site Master is being powered by the external charging unit.

RS232 DB9 interface to a COM port on a personal computer (for use with the

Anritsu Software Tools program) or to a supported printer.

2-1

Chapter 2 Functions and Operations

Front Panel Overview

The Site Master menu-driven user interface is easy to use and requires little training. Hard keys on the front panel are used to initiate function-specific menus. There are four function hard keys located below the display, Mode, Frequency/Distance, Amplitude and Sweep.

There are seventeen keypad hard keys located to the right of the display. Twelve of the key pad hard keys perform more than one function, depending on the current mode of operation. The dual purpose keys are labeled with one function in black, the other in blue.

There are also six soft keys that change function depending upon the current mode selec

tion. The current soft key function is indicated in the active function block to the right of the display. The locations of the different keys are illustrated in Figure 2-1.

Active

Function

MODE

Block

FREQ/DIST

Site Master S332C

AMPLITUDE

SWEEP

START CAL

SAVE SETUP

LIMIT

SAVE DISPLAY

ON OFF

Soft Keys

AUTO SCALE

RECALL SETUP

MARKER

RECALL DISPLAY

ESCAPE

CLEAR

ENTER

RUN HOLD

SYS

Keypad Hard Keys

Function Hard Keys

Figure 2-1. Site Master Soft Keys

The following sections describe the various key functions.

2-2

Chapter 2 Functions and Operations

Function Hard Keys

MODE Opens the mode selection box (below). Use the Up/Down arrow key to select a

mode. Press the

MEASUREMENT MODE

FREQ - SWR

DTF - SWR

POWER MONITOR SPECTRUM ANALYZER

Figure 2-2. Mode Selection Box

FREQ/DIST Displays the Frequency or Distance to Fault softkey menus depending on the

measurement mode.

ENTER key to implement.

RETURN LOSS

CABLE LOSS - ONE PORT

RETURN LOSS

AMPLITUDE Displays the amplitude softkey menu for the current operating mode.

SWEEP Displays the Sweep function softkey menu for the current operating mode.

2-3

Chapter 2 Functions and Operations

Keypad Hard Keys

This section contains an alphabetical listing of the Site Master front panel keypad controls along with a brief description of each. More detailed descriptions of the major function keys follow.

The following keypad hard key functions are printed in black on the keypad keys.

0-9 These keys are used to enter numerical data as required to setup or per

form measurements.

+/–

ESCAPE

CLEAR

UP/DOWN

ARROWS

NOTE: At turn on, before any other keys are pressed, the Up/Down arrow key may be used to adjust the display contrast. Press eration.

ENTER Implements the current action or parameter selection.

The plus/minus key is used to enter positive or negative values as required to setup or perform measurements.

The decimal point is used to enter decimal values as required to setup or perform measurements.

Exits the present operation or clears the display. If a parameter is being edited, pressing this key will clear the value currently being entered and restore the last valid entry. Pressing this key again will close the parame ter. During normal sweeping, pressing this key will move up one menu level.

Increments or decrements a parameter value. The specific parameter value affected typically appears in the message area of the LCD.

ENTER to return to normal op-

OFF

SYS Allows selection of display language and system setup parameters.

Turns the Anritsu Site Master on or off. When turned on, the system state at the last turn-off is restored. If the ESCAPE/CLEAR key is held down while the ON/OFF key is pressed, the factory preset state will be restored.

Choices are OPTIONS, CLOCK, SELF TEST, STATUS and LANGUAGE.

2-4

Chapter 2 Functions and Operations

The following keypad hard key functions are printed in blue on the keypad keys.

Turns the liquid crystal display (LCD) back-lighting ON or OFF. (Leaving back lighting off conserves battery power.)

LCD Contrast adjust. Use the Up/Down arrow key and

ENTER to adjust

the display contrast.

AUTO

Automatically scales the display for optimum resolution.

SCALE

LIMIT Displays the limit line menu for the current operating mode.

MARKER Displays the marker menu of the current operating mode.

PRINT Prints the current display to the selected printer via the RS232 serial port.

RECALL DISPLAY

Recalls a previously saved trace from memory. When the key is pressed, a Recall Trace selection box appears on the display. Select a trace using the Up/Down arrow key and press the

To erase a saved trace, highlight the trace and select the

ENTER key to implement.

DELETE TRACE

softkey. To erase all saved traces, select the DELETE ALL TRACES softkey.

RECALL SETUP

Recalls a previously saved setup from memory location 1 through 10. When the key is pressed, a

RECALL SETUP selection box appears on the

display. Select a setup using the Up/Down arrow key and press the

ENTER key to implement. Setup 0 recalls the factory preset state.

RUN

HOLD

SAVE DISPLAY

SAVE SETUP

START CAL

When in the Hold mode, this key starts the Site Master sweeping and provides a Single Sweep Mode trigger; when in the Run mode, it pauses the sweep. When in the Hold mode, the hold symbol (page 2-19) appears on the display. Hold mode conserves battery power.

Saves up to 200 displayed traces to non-volatile memory. When the key is pressed,

TRACE NAME: appears in the lower left of the display. Save the

display with up to 16 alphanumeric characters for that trace name and press the

ENTER key to implement.

Saves the current system setup to 1 of 10 internal non-volatile memory lo cations. When the key is pressed, a

SAVE SETUP selection box appears

on the display. Use the Up/Down arrow key to select a setup and press the

ENTER key to implement.

Starts the calibration in SWR, Return Loss, Cable Loss, or DTF measure ment modes (not available in Spectrum Analyzer mode).

2-5

Chapter 2 Functions and Operations

Soft Keys

Each keypad key opens a set of soft key selections. Each of the soft keys has a correspond ing soft key label area on the display. The label identifies the function of the soft key for the current Mode selection.

Figures 2-3 through 2-7 show the soft key labels for each Mode selection.

MODE=FREQ:

SOFTKEYS:

FREQ/DIST

AMPLITUDE

TOP

BOTTOM

ON/OFF

SELECT

TRACE

SWEEP

RESOLUTION

SINGLE SWEEP

TRACE

MATH

TRACE

OVERLAY

130

259

517

Figure 2-3. Frequency Mode Soft Key Labels

TOP

LIST

PAG E UP

PAGE

DOWN

BOTTOM

LIST

DELETE

TRACE

DELETE

ALL

TRACE

BACK

2-6

Chapter 2 Functions and Operations

MODE=DTF:

SOFTKEYS:

CABLE

WINDOW

LOSS

PROP

VEL

FREQ/DIST

DTF AID

AMPLITUDE

TOP

BOTTOM

TOP

LIST

ON/OFF

SELECT

TRACE

SWEEP

RESOLUTION

SINGLE

SWEEP

TRACE

MATH

TRACE

OVERLAY

130

259

517

PAG E UP

BACK

BOTTOM

DELETE

Figure 2-4. Distance to Fault Mode Soft Key Labels

PAGE

DOWN

LIST

TRACE

DELETE

ALL

TRACE

BACK

2-7

Chapter 2 Functions and Operations

EDIT

FULL

ZERO

SPAN

1-2-5

SPAN

DOWN

1-2-5

BACK

FREQ/DIST

CENTER

SPAN

START

STOP

MODE=SPECTRUM ANALYZER:

SOFTKEYS:

GHz

MHz

kHz

Figure 2-5. Spectrum Analyzer Mode Soft Key Labels

GHz

MHz

kHz

AMPLITUDE

REF

LEVEL

SCALE

ATTEN

UNITS

dBm

dBV

dBmV

dBuV

BACK

AUTO

MANUAL

EDIT

BACK

2-8

Chapter 2 Functions and Operations

MODE=SPECTRUM ANALYZER:

SOFTKEYS:

AUTO

MANUAL

EDIT

BACK

RESET

AB®

ABA-

A+B

TRACE

BACK

SWEEP

RBW

VBW

MAX

HOLD

CONT/

SINGLE

MEASURE

TRACE

FIELD

STRNGTH

OBW

DETEC-

TION

AVERAGE

(1-25)

CHANNEL

POWER

ACP

ON/OFF

SELECT

ANTENNA

BACK

CENTER

CHANNEL

CHANNEL SPACING

FREQ

MAIN

ADJ

METHOD

dBc

MEASURE

BACK

POSITIVE

PEAK

AVERAGE

NEGATIVE

PEAK

BACK

CENTER

FREQ

INT BW

CHANNEL

SPAN

MEASURE

Figure 2-7. Spectrum Analyzer Mode Soft Key Labels (continued)

MODE=POWER MONITOR:

SOFTKEYS:

OFFSET

Figure 2-6. Power Monitor Mode Soft Key Labels

UNITS

REL

ZERO

MEASURE

BACK

2-9

Chapter 2 Functions and Operations

FREQ/DIST Displays the frequency and distance menu depending on the measurement mode.

Frequency Menu

Distance Menu

Provides for setting sweep frequency end points when

FREQ mode is selected.

Selected frequency values may be changed using the keypad or Up/Down arrow key.

F1 — Opens the F1 parameter for data entry. This is the start value for the

frequency sweep. Press

F2 — Opens the F2 parameter for data entry. This is the stop value for the

frequency sweep. Press

ENTER when data entry is complete.

Provides for setting Distance to Fault parameters when a DTF mode is selected. Choosing

DIST causes the soft keys, below, to be displayed and the correspond

ing values to be shown in the message area. Selected distance values may be changed using the keypad or Up/Down arrow key.

D1 — Opens the start distance (D1) parameter for data entry. This is the start

value for the distance range (D1 default = 0). Press

ENTER when data entry

is complete.

D2 — Opens the end distance (D2) parameter for data entry. This is the end

value for the distance range. Press

DTF AID — Provides interactive help to optimize DTF set up parameters.

Use the Up/Down arrow key to select a parameter to edit. Press

ENTER when data entry is complete.

ENTER when

data entry is complete.

MORE — Selects the Distance Sub-Menu, detailed below.

Distance Sub-Menu

Provides for setting the cable loss and relative propagation velocity of the coaxial cable. Selected values may be changed using the Up/Down arrow key or keypad.

LOSS — Opens the Cable Loss parameter for data entry. Enter the loss per

foot (or meter) for the type of transmission line being tested. Press

ENTER

when data entry is complete. (Range is 0.5 to 5.000 dB/m, 1.524 dB/ft)

PROP VEL (relative propagation velocity) — Opens the Propagation Veloc

ity parameter for data entry. Enter the propagation velocity for the type of transmission line being tested. Press

ENTER when data entry is complete.

(Range is 0.010 to 1.000)

CABLE — Opens a list of cable folders for selection of a common coaxial ca

ble folder or custom coaxial cable folder. Select either folder and use the Up/Down arrow key and

ENTER to make a selection. This feature provides a

rapid means of setting both cable loss and propagation velocity. (Refer to Ap pendix A for a listing of common coaxial cables showing values for Relative Propagation Velocity and Nominal Attenuation in dB/m or dB/ft @ 1000 MHz, 2000 MHz and 2500 MHz.) The custom cable folder can consist of up to 24 user-defined cable parameters downloaded via the Site Master Software Tools program.

WINDOW — Opens a menu of FFT windowing types for the DTF calcula

tion. Scroll the menu using the Up/Down arrow key and make a selection with the

ENTER key.

2-10

BACK — Returns to the Distance Menu.

Chapter 2 Functions and Operations

Choosing FREQ/DIST in Spectrum Analyzer mode causes the soft keys, below, to be dis played and the corresponding values to be shown in the message area.

CENTER ¾ Sets the center frequency of the Spectrum Analyzer display . En

ter a value using the Up/Down arrow key or keypad, press

ESCAPE to restore previous value. SPAN ¾ Sets the user-defined frequency span. Use the Up/Down arrow key

or keypad to enter a value in MHz. Also brings up

EDIT allows editing of the frequency span. Enter a value using the num

FULL and ZERO softkeys.

ENTER to accept,

ber keys.

FULL span sets the Spectrum Analyzer to its maximum frequency span.

ZERO span sets the span to 0 Hz. This displays the input signal in an am

plitude versus time mode, which is useful for viewing modulation.

SPAN UP 1-2-5 activates the span function so that the span may be in

creased quickly in a 1-2-5 sequence.

SPAN DOWN 1-2-5 activates the span function so that the span may be

reduced quickly in a 1-2-5 sequence.

BACK returns to the previous menu level.

START ¾ Sets the Spectrum Analyzer in the START-STOP mode. Enter a

start frequency value (in kHz, MHz, or GHz) using the Up/Down arrow key or keypad, press

ENTER to accept, ESCAPE to restore.

q STOP ¾ Sets the Spectrum Analyzer in the START-STOP mode. Enter a

stop frequency value (in kHz, MHz, or GHz) using the Up/Down arrow key or keypad, press

ENTER to accept, ESCAPE to restore.

2-11

Chapter 2 Functions and Operations

AMPLITUDE Displays the amplitude or scale menu depending on the measurement mode.

Amplitude Menu

Provides for changing the display scale. Selected values may be changed using the Up/Down arrow key or keypad.

Choosing

AMPLITUDE in FREQ or DTF measurement modes causes the soft

keys, below, to be displayed and the corresponding values to be shown in the message area.

TOP — Opens the top parameter for data entry and provides for setting the

top scale value. Press

BOTTOM — Opens the bottom parameter for data entry and provides for set

ting the bottom scale value. Press

Choosing

AMPLITUDE in SPECTRUM ANALYZER mode causes the soft keys,

ENTER when data entry is complete.

below, to be displayed and the corresponding values to be shown in the message area.

REF LEVEL — Activates the amplitude reference level function.

SCALE — Activates the scale function in a 2 through 15 dB logarithmic am

plitude scale.

ATTEN — Sets the Anritsu input attenuator so that it is either coupled auto

matically to the reference level (

UNITS — Choose from the menu of amplitude related units. Selection of

AUTO) or manually adjustable (MANUAL).

dBm sets absolute decibels relative to 1 mW as the amplitude unit. Selection of dBV, dBmV or dBmV sets absolute decibels relative to 1 volt, 1 millivolt, or 1 microvolt respectively as the amplitude unit.

2-12

Chapter 2 Functions and Operations

SWEEP Displays the Sweep function soft key menu for the current operating mode.

Sweep Menu Provides for changing the display resolution, single or continuous sweep, and

access to the Trace Math functions. Choosing

SWEEP in FREQ or DTF measurement modes causes the soft keys

below to be displayed.

RESOLUTION — Opens the display to change the resolution. Choose 130,

259, or 517 data points. (In DTF mode, resolution can be adjusted through the DTF-AID table.)

SINGLE SWEEP — Toggles the sweep between single sweep and continu

ous sweep. In single sweep mode, each sweep must be activated by the

RUN/HOLD button. TRACE MATH — Opens up the Trace Math functions (trace-memory or

trace+memory) for comparison of the real time trace in the display with any of the traces from memory. (Not available in DTF mode.)

TRACE OVERLAY — Opens up the Trace Overlay functions menu to allow

the current trace to be displayed with a trace in memory overlaid on it. Choose ON or OFF and SELECT TRACE to select the trace from memory to be overlaid.

Choosing

SWEEP in SPECTRUM ANALYZER mode causes the soft keys below

to be displayed.

RBW — Sets the resolution bandwidth so that it is either coupled automati-

cally to the span (

VBW — Sets the video bandwidth so that it is either coupled automatically to

the span (

AUTO) or manually adjustable (MANUAL).

MAX HOLD — Displays and holds the maximum responses of the input sig-

nal.

CONT/SINGLE — Toggles between continuous and single sweep.

MEASURE — Activates a menu of measurement related functions. Use the

corresponding softkey to select the measurement function.

FIELD STRENGTH — Accesses a menu of field strength measurement options.

ON/OFF - Turns field strength measurements on or off. SELECT ANTENNA - Selects an antenna profile to be used for field

strength measurements. BACK - Returns to the previous menu.

OBW — Activates the occupied bandwidth menu. Select either METHOD, % or dBc method of occupied bandwidth measurement. METHOD allows selection of either % of power or dB Down. Selecting % allows entry of the desired % of occupied bandwidth to be measured. Selecting dBc allows entry of the desired power level (dBc) to be mea sured.

DETECTION — Accesses a menu of detector modes including POSI TIVE PEAK detection, AVERAGE detection and NEGATIVE PEAK

detection.

2-13

Chapter 2 Functions and Operations

AVERAGE (1-25) — The display will be an average of the number of

sweeps specified here. For example, if the number four is entered here, the data displayed will be an average of the four most recent sweeps.

CHANNEL POWER — Activates Channel Power measurement. Chan

nel power is measured in dBm. Channel Power density is measured in dBm/Hz.

ACP — Accesses a menu of Adjacent Channel Power ratio measurement

options: CENTER FREQ - Activates the center frequency function and sets the Anritsu Site Master to the center frequency. A specific center frequency can be entered using the keypad or Up/Down arrow key. Select the GHz,

MHz, kHz,orHz softkey to accept the center frequency input. MAIN CHANNEL BW - Sets the bandwidth of the main channel. ADJACENT CHANNEL BW - Sets the bandwidth of the adjacent chan

nel.

CHANNEL SPACING - Sets the channel spacing. MEASURE - Begins the ACP measurement. BACK - Returns to the previous menu.

BACK - Returns to the previous menu.

TRACE — Activates a menu of trace related functions. Use the correspond-

ing softkey to select the desired trace function.

NOTE: For this function, Trace A is always the runtime trace, and Trace B is always a saved trace. Refer to page for information on saving and recalling traces.

RESET A — Clears the current runtime trace.

A ® B — Stores the current runtime trace into the Trace B buffer.

A–B® A — Performs a subtraction trace math operation.

A+B®A — Performs an addition trace math operation.

TRACE B — Accesses a menu of saved trace options. VIEW B - Provides a trace overlay of the saved trace with the current

runtime trace.

CLEAR B - Turns off trace overlay. RECALL TRACE ® B - Recalls the saved trace B buffer.

BACK — Returns to the previous menu level.

2-14

Chapter 2 Functions and Operations

Power Monitor Menu

Selecting POWER MONITOR from the Mode menu causes the soft keys, described below, to be displayed and the corresponding values shown in the message area.

UNITS — Toggles between dBm and Watts.

REL — Turns relative mode OFF, if currently ON. If relative mode is cur

rently OFF, turns it ON and causes the power level to be measured and saved as the base level. Subsequent measurements are then displayed relative to this saved value. With units of dBm, relative mode displays dBr; with units of Watts, relative mode displays % (percent).

OFFSET — Turns Offset OFF, if currently ON. If Offset is currently OFF,

turns it ON and opens the Offset parameter for data entry. Press when data entry is complete. Offset is the attenuation (in dB) inserted in the line between the DUT and the RF detector. The attenuation is added to the measured input level prior to dis play.

ZERO — Turns Zero OFF, if currently ON. If Zero is currently OFF, this

softkey turns it ON and initiates collection of a series of power level samples, which are averaged and saved. This saved value is then subtracted from subsequent measurements prior to display.

ENTER

2-15

Chapter 2 Functions and Operations

MARKER Choosing MARKER causes the soft keys, below, to be displayed and the corre

sponding values to be shown in the message area. Selected frequency marker or distance marker values may be changed using the keypad or Up/Down arrow key.

M1 — Selects the M1 marker parameter and opens the M1 marker second

level menu.

ON/OFF — Turns the selected marker on or off.

EDIT — Opens the selected marker parameter for data entry. Press

ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to restore the previous

value.

MARKER TO PEAK — Places the selected marker at the frequency or

distance with the maximum amplitude value.

MARKER TO VALLEY — Places the selected marker at the frequency or

distance with the minimum amplitude value.

BACK — Returns to the Main Markers Menu.

M2 through M4 — Selects the marker parameter and opens the marker second

level menu.

ON/OFF — Turns the selected marker on or off.

EDIT — Opens the selected marker parameter for data entry. Press

ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to restore the previous

value.

q DELTA (Mx-M1) — Displays delta amplitude value as well as delta fre-

quency or distance for the selected marker with respect to the M1 marker.

MARKER TO PEAK — Places the selected marker at the frequency or

distance with the maximum amplitude value.

MARKER TO VALLEY — Places the selected marker at the frequency or

distance with the minimum amplitude value.

BACK — Returns to the Main Markers Menu.

M5 — Selects the M5 marker parameter and opens the M5 second level

menu.

ON/OFF — Turns the selected marker on or off.

EDIT — Opens the selected marker parameter for data entry. Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to restore the previous

value.

PEAK BETWEEN M1 & M2 — Places the selected marker at the fre

quency or distance with the maximum amplitude value between marker M1 and marker M2.

VALLEY BETWEEN M1 & M2 — Places the selected marker at the fre

quency or distance with the minimum amplitude value between marker M1 and marker M2.

BACK — Returns to the Main Markers Menu.

2-16

M6 — Selects the M6 marker parameter and opens the M6 second level

menu.

Chapter 2 Functions and Operations

ON/OFF — Turns the selected marker on or off.

EDIT — Opens the selected marker parameter for data entry. Press

ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to restore the previous

value.

LIMIT

PEAK BETWEEN M3 & M4 — Places the selected marker at the peak be

tween marker M3 and marker M4.

VALLEY BETWEEN M3 & M4 — Places the selected marker at the valley

between marker M3 and marker M4.

BACK — Returns to the Main Markers Menu.

Pressing LIMIT on the data keypad activates a menu of limit related functions. Use the corresponding softkey to select the desired limit function. Then use the Up/Down arrow key to change its value, which is displayed in the message area at the bottom of the display.

Choosing

LIMIT in FREQ or DTF measurement modes causes the soft keys be

low to be displayed.

SINGLE LIMIT — Sets a single limit value in dBm. Menu choices are:

ON/OFF EDIT BACK

MULTIPLE LIMITS — Sets multiple user defined limits, and can be used to

create a limit mask for quick pass/fail measurements. Menu choices are:

SEGMENT 1 SEGMENT 2 SEGMENT 3 SEGMENT 4 SEGMENT 5 BACK

LIMIT BEEP — Turns the audible limit beep indicator on or off.

Choosing

LIMIT in SPECTRUM ANALYZER measurement mode causes the soft

keys below to be displayed.

SINGLE LIMIT — Sets a single limit value in dBm. Menu choices are:

ON/OFF EDIT BACK

MULTIPLE UPPER LIMITS — Sets multiple user defined upper limits, and

can be used to create an upper limit mask for quick pass/fail measurements. Menu choices are:

SEGMENT 1 SEGMENT 2 SEGMENT 3 SEGMENT 4 SEGMENT 5 BACK

MULTIPLE LOWER LIMITS — Set multiple user defined lower limits, and

can be used to create a lower limit mask for quick pass/fail measurements. Menu choices are:

2-17

Chapter 2 Functions and Operations

SEGMENT 1 SEGMENT 2 SEGMENT 3 SEGMENT 4 SEGMENT 5 BACK

LIMIT BEEP — Turns the audible limit beep indicator on or off.

SYS Displays the System menu softkey selections.

OPTIONS — Displays a second level of functions:

UNITS — Select the unit of measurement (English or metric).

PRINTER — Displays a menu of supported printers. Use the Up/Down

arrow key and

FIXED CW — Toggles the fixed CW function ON or OFF. When OFF, a

ENTER key to make the selection.

narrow band of frequencies centered on the selected frequency is gener ated. When CW is ON, only the center frequency is generated. Output power is pulsed in all modes.

CHANGE DATE FORMAT — Toggles the date format between

MM/DD/YY, DD/MM/YY, and YY/MM/DD.

BACK — Returns to the top-level SYS Menu.

CLOCK — Displays a second level of functions:

q HOUR — Enter the hour (0-23) using the Up/Down arrow key or the key-

pad. Press

ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to restore the

previous value.

MINUTE — Enter the minute (0-59) using the Up/Down arrow key or the

keypad. Press

ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to restore

the previous value.

MONTH — Enter the month (1-12) using the Up/Down arrow key or the

keypad. Press

ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to restore

the previous value.

DAY — Enter the day using the Up/Down arrow key or the keypad. Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to restore the previous

value.

YEAR — Enter the year (1997-2036) using the Up/Down arrow key or

the keypad. Press

ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to re

store the previous value.

BACK — Returns to the top-level SYS menu.

SELF TEST — Start an instrument self test.

STATUS — Displays the current instrument status, including calibration sta

tus, temperature, and battery charge state. Press ESCAPE to return to opera tion.

2-18

Language — Pressing this soft key immediately changes the language used

to display messages on the Site Master display. Choices are English, French, German, Spanish, Chinese, and Japanese. The default language is English.

Chapter 2 Functions and Operations

Symbols

Table 2-1 provides a listing of the symbols used as condition indicators on the LCD display.

Table 2-1. LCD Icon Symbols

Icon Symbol

Site Master is in Hold for power conservation. To resume sweeping, press

HOLD

the

RUN/HOLD key. After 10 minutes without a key press, the Site Master

will automatically activate the power conservation mode.

CAL ON

CAL ON!

CALL OFF

Integrator Failure. Intermittent integrator failure may be caused by inter ference from another antenna. Persistent integrator failure indicates a need to return the Site Master to the nearest Anritsu service center for repair.

Lock fail indication. Check battery. (If the Site Master fails to lock with a fully charged battery, call your Anritsu Service Center.)

When calibration is performed, the Site Master stores the ambient temper ature. If the temperature drifts outside the specified range, this indicator will flash. A recalibration at the current temperature is recommended.

Indicates the remaining charge on the battery. The inner white rectangle grows longer as the battery charge depletes.

Indicates internal data processing.

The Site Master has been calibrated.

The Site Master has been calibrated with the InstaCal Module.

The Site Master has not been calibrated.

Self Test

At turn-on, the Site Master runs through a series of quick checks to ensure the system is functioning properly. Note that the battery voltage and temperature are displayed in the lower left corner below the self test message. If the battery is low, or if the ambient temper ature is not within the specified operational range, Self Test will fail. If Self Test fails and the battery is fully charged and the Site Master is within the specified operating range, call your Anritsu Service Center.

Error Codes

Self Test Errors

A listing of Self Test Error messages is given in Table 2-2.

2-19

Chapter 2 Functions and Operations

Table 2-2. Self Test Error Messages

Error Message

BATTERY LOW

EXTERNAL POWER LOW

PLL FAILED

INTEGRATOR FAILED

EEPROM R/W FAILED

OUT OF TEMP. RANGE

RTC BATTERY LOW

LO LOCK FAIL The local oscillator in the spectrum analyzer has phase lock loop er-

Battery voltage is less than 9.5 volts. Charge battery. If condition per sists, call your Anritsu Service Center.

External supply voltage is less than 12.5 volts. Call your Anritsu Ser vice Center

Phase-locked loops failed to lock. Charge battery. If condition persists with a fully charged battery, call your Anritsu Service Center

Integration circuit could not charge to a valid level. Charge battery. If condition persists with a fully charged battery, call your Anritsu Ser vice Center.

Non-volatile memory system has failed. Call your Anritsu Service Center.

Ambient temperature is not within the specified operating range. If the temperature is within the specified operating range and the condition persists, call your Anritsu Service Center.

The internal real-time clock battery is low. A low or drained clock battery will affect the date stamp on saved traces. Contact your nearest

Anritsu Service Center.

rors. If condition persists with a fully charged battery, call your Anritsu Service Center.

Description

POWER MONITOR FAIL

BATTERY CAL LOST

MEMORY FAIL

The time and date Have not been set on this Site Master. To set it, after exit ing here press the <SYS> [CLOCK] keys. Press ENTER or ESC to continue

Note: A listing of Anritsu Service Centers is provided in Table 1-2 , page 1-8.

Failure of the power monitor system board voltages. If condition persists, call your Anritsu Service Center.

Battery communication failed. The indicated battery charge status may be invalid. If condition persists, call your Anritsu Service Center.

The EEPROM test on the Site Master main board has failed. If condi

tion persists, call your Anritsu Service Center. The time and date are not properly set in the Site Master. If condition

persists, call your Anritsu Service Center.

2-20

Range Errors

A listing of Range Error messages is given in Table 2-3.

Table 2-3. Range Error Messages (1 of 2)

Error Message

RANGE ERROR:F1 > F2

RANGE ERROR:D1 > D2

RANGE ERROR:D2 > DMax=xx.x ft (m)

The start (F1) frequency is greater than the stop (F2) frequency.

The start (D1) distance is greater than the stop (D2) distance.

The stop distance (D2) exceeds the maximum unaliased range. This range is determined by the frequency span, number of points, and relative propagation velocity:

MaximumUnaliased Range

Where: dp is the number of data points (130, 259, or 517)

is the relative propagation velocity

F2 is the stop frequency in Hz F1 is the start frequency in Hz Maximum Unaliased Range is in meters

Chapter 2 Functions and Operations

Description

´-

( . )( )( )15 10

dp V

RANGE ERROR: TOP<=BOTTOM

RANGE ERROR: TOP>=BOTTOM

CAL INCOMPLETE

DIST REQUIRES F1<F2

DIST REQUIRES CAL

NO STORED SWEEP AT THIS LOCATION

USE OPTIONS MENU TO SELECT A PRINTER

DISTANCE AND CABLE INSERTION LOSS MODE ARE INCOMPATIBLE

The SWR scale parameter top value is less than or equal to its bottom value.

The RL scale parameter top value is greater than or equal to its bottom value.

A complete open, short, and load calibration must be performed before calibration can be turned on.

Valid distance to fault plots require a non-zero frequency span.

Distance-to-fault measurements cannot be performed with CAL OFF.

Attempting to recall a display from a location that has not been previ ously written to. That is, the location does not contain stored sweep.

Attempting to print a display with no printer selected. Select a printer, then retry.

DTF measurements only display RL or SWR versus distance.

2-21

Chapter 2 Functions and Operations

Table 2-3. Range Error Messages (2 of 2)

Error Message

CANNOT ZERO NO DETECTOR INSTALLED

CANNOT ZERO INPUT SIGNAL TOO HIGH

POWER MONITOR OPTION NOT INSTALLED

Attempting to perform a Power Monitor zero adjust function with no RF detector connected to the Site Master.

Attempting to perform a Power Monitor zero adjust function with an input of greater than –20 dBm.

Attempting to enter Power Monitor mode with no Option 5 installed.

Description

InstaCal Error Messages

If an InstaCal module that has not been characterized in more than one year is connected to the Site Master, the follow message will be displayed:

The InstaCal Module Connected, S/N XXXXX Was Characterized more than 1 year ago. Characterization date Current SiteMaster Date You are advised to return this InstaCal module to the factory for re-characterization. Press ENTER to continue, see manual for details.

Return the InstaCal module to the factory for re-characterization in order to ensure contin ued accurate measurements.

If the serial number of the connected InstaCal module does not match the serial number stored in the Site Master, the following message is displayed:

The InstaCal characterization data stored in the SiteMaster is for a module different than the one currently connected. SiteMaster contains data for InstaCal module S/N: Currently connected InstaCal Module S/N: Would you like to overwrite the previously loaded InstaCal characterization?

Press the YES soft key to update the stored InstaCal characterization to use the currently connected module.

Press the

NO soft key to keep the stored InstaCal characterization.

2-22

A listing of InstaCal error messages is given in Table 2-4.

Table 2-4. InstaCal Error Messages

Chapter 2 Functions and Operations

Error Message

FAILED TO READ SERIAL NUMBER OF INSTACAL MODULE

FAILED TO SUC CESSFULLY TRANSFER INSTACAL MOD ULE DATA TO SITE MASTER

FAILED TO SET BAUD WITH INSTACAL MODULE

Description

The Site Master was unable to read the InstaCal module serial number.

The Site Master was unable to transfer all necessary data between the

InstaCal module and the Site Master.

The Site Master was unable to establish communication with the InstaCal module.

2-23

Chapter 2 Functions and Operations

Battery Information

Charging a New Battery

The NiMH battery supplied with the Site Master has already completed three charge and discharge cycles at the factory and full battery performance should be realized after your first charge.

NOTE: The battery will not charge if the battery temperature is above 45° Cor below 0° C.

Charging the Battery in the Site Master

The battery can be charged while installed in the Site Master.

Step 1. Turn the Site Master off. Step 2. Connect the AC-DC adapter (Anritsu part number: 40-115) to the Site Master

charging port.

Step 3. Connect the AC adapter to a 120 VAC or 240 VAC power source as appropriate

for your application.

The green external power indicator on the Site Master will illuminate, indicating the presence of external DC power and the battery will begin charging. The indicator will remain lit as long as the battery is charging. Once the battery is fully charged, the battery indicator will turn off. If the battery fails to charge, contact your nearest Anritsu service center.

Charging the Battery in the Optional Charger

Up to two batteries can be charged simultaneously in the optional battery charger.

Step 1. Remove the NiMH battery from your Site Master and place it in the optional

charger (Anritsu part number 2000-1029).

Step 2. Connect the lead from the AC-DC adapter to the charger. Step 3. Connect the AC-DC adapter to a 120 VAC or 240 VAC power source as appro

priate for your application.

Each battery holder in the optional charger has an LED charging status indicator. The LED color changes as the battery is charged:

Red indicates the battery is charging Green indicates the battery is fully charged Yellow indicates the battery is in a waiting state (see below).

A yellow light may occur because the battery became too warm during the charge cycle. The charger will allow the battery to cool off before continuing the charge. A yellow light may also indicate that the charger is alternating charge to each of the two batteries.

A blinking red light indicates less than 13 VDC is being supplied to the charger stand. Check that the correct AC charger adapter is connected to the charger stand. If the battery fails to charge, contact your nearest Anritsu Service Center.

2-24

Chapter 2 Functions and Operations

The NiMH battery will last longer and perform better if allowed to completely discharge before recharging. For maximum battery life, it is recommended that the NiMH battery be completely discharged and recharged once every three months.

Battery Charge Indicator

When the AC-DC adapter is unplugged from the Site Master, the battery indicator symbol will be continuously displayed at the top left corner of the Site Master display (Figure 2-8).

BATTERY INDICATOR

Figure 2-8. Site Master Battery Indicator

A totally black bar indicates a fully charged battery. When LOW BATT replaces the battery indicator bar at the top left corner, a couple of minutes of measurement time remains. If a flashing LOW BATT is accompanied by an audio beep at the end of each trace, the battery has approximately one minute of useable time remaining.

Once all the power has drained from the battery, the Site Master display will fade. At this point, your Site Master will switch itself off and the battery will need to be recharged.

Battery Life

It is normal for NiMH batteries to self-discharge during storage, and to degrade to 80% of original capacity after 12 months of continuous use.

Figure 2-9. NiMH Battery Storage Characteristics

2-25

Chapter 2 Functions and Operations

The battery can be charged and discharged 300 to 500 times, but it will eventually wear out. The battery may need to be replaced when the operating time between charging is notice ably shorter than normal.

Important Battery Information

With a new NiMH battery, full performance is achieved after three to five complete

charge and discharge cycles. The NiMH battery supplied with the Site Master has already completed three charge and discharge cycles at the factory.

Recharge the battery only in the Site Master or in an Anritsu approved charger.

When the Site Master or the charger is not in use, disconnect it from the power source.

Do not charge batteries for longer than 24 hours; overcharging may shorten battery life.

If left unused a fully charged battery will discharge itself over time. Storing the battery in

extreme hot or cold places will reduce the capacity and lifetime of the battery. The bat tery will discharge faster at higher ambient temperatures.

Discharge an NiMH battery from time to time to improve battery performance and bat

tery life. The battery can be charged and discharged hundreds of times, but it will eventually wear

out. The battery may need to be replaced when the operating time between charging is notice-

ably shorter than normal.

Do not short-circuit the battery terminals.

Do not drop, mutilate or attempt to disassemble the battery.

Never use a damaged or worn out charger or battery.

Always use the battery for its intended purpose only.

Temperature extremes will affect the ability of the battery to charge: allow the battery to cool down or warm up as necessary before use or charging.

Batteries must be recycled or disposed of properly. Do not place batteries in garbage.

Do not dispose of batteries in a fire!

2-26

Chapter 3 Getting Started

Introduction

This chapter provides a brief overview of the Anritsu Site Master. The intent of this chapter is to provide the user with a starting point for making basic measurements.

Power On Procedure

The Anritsu Site Master is capable of up to 2.5 hours of continuous operation from a fully charged, field-replaceable battery. Built-in energy conservation features allow battery life to be extended over an eight-hour workday.

The Site Master can also be operated from a 12.5 Vdc source (which will also simulta neously charge the battery). This can be achieved with either the Anritsu AC-DC Adapter (P/N 40-115) or 12.5 Vdc Automotive Cigarette Lighter Adapter (P/N 806-62). Both items are included as standard accessories (see Chapter 1).

To power on the Site Master:

Step 1.

Figure 3-1. Site Master On/Off Key

Press the ON/OFF front panel key (Figure 3-1).

Site Master S332C

START

AUTO

CAL

SCALE

SAVE

RECALL

SETUP

LIMIT

MARKER

RECALL

SAVE

DISPLAY

OFF

MODE

FREQ/DIST

AMPLITUDE

SWEEP

ESCAPE

CLEAR

ENTER

RUN HOLD

SYS

ON/OFF KEY

Step 2.

The Site Master takes about five seconds to perform a series of self-diagnostic and adjustment routines. At completion, the screen displays the Anritsu logo, the model number, and the firmware version. The Site Master will continue after a 10 second timeout, or:

Press ENTER to continue.

The Site Master is now ready for operation.

3-1

Chapter 3 Getting Started

Select the Frequency or Distance

Regardless of the calibration method used, the frequency range for the desired measure ments must be set before calibrating the Site Master. The following procedure selects the frequency range for the calibration.

Step 1. Press the Step 2. Press the Step 3. Enter the desired start frequency using the key pad or the Up/Down arrow key. Step 4. Press Step 5. Press the Step 6. Enter the desired stop frequency using the keypad or the Up/Down arrow key. Step 7. Press

Check that the start and stop frequencies displayed match the desired measure ment range.

FREQ/DIST key. F1 soft key.

ENTER to set F1 to the desired frequency.

F2 soft key.

ENTER to set F2 to the desired frequency.

Calibration

For accurate results, the Site Master must be calibrated before making any measurements. The Site Master must be re-calibrated whenever the setup frequency changes, the temperature exceeds the calibration temperature range or when the test port extension cable is removed or replaced.

The Site Master may be calibrated manually with Open, Short, Load (OSL) calibration components, or by using the InstaCal module provided with the system.

If a Test Port Extension Cable is to be used, the Site Master must be calibrated with the Test Port Extension Cable in place. The Test Port Extension Cable is a phase stable cable and is used as an extension cable on the test port to ensure accurate and repeatable measurements. This phase stable cable can be moved and bent while making a measurement with out causing errors in the measurement.

NOTE: The test port extension cable should have the appropriate connectors for the measurement. Use of additional connector adapters after the test port extension cable can contribute to measurement errors not compensated for during calibration.

3-2

Calibration Verification

Chapter 3 Getting Started

During the calibration process in Return Loss mode, either with discrete calibration compo nents or with the InstaCal module, there are typical measurement levels expected. Verifying the measurement levels displayed on the screen during calibration can save valuable time in the field.

Trace Characteristics in Return Loss Mode

As the discrete calibration components are connected to the Site Master RF out port, the following measurement levels will be displayed on the screen:

When an OPEN is connected, a trace will be displayed between 0-10 dB.

When a SHORT is connected, a trace will be displayed between 0-10 dB.

When a LOAD is connected, a trace will be displayed between 0-50 dB.

When an InstaCal module is connected to the Site Master RF out port, the following mea

surement levels will be displayed on the screen:

When the Site Master is measuring an equivalent OPEN, a trace will be displayed

between 0-20 dB. When the Site Master is measuring an equivalent SHORT, a trace will be displayed

between 0-20 dB. When the Site Master is measuring an equivalent LOAD, a trace will be displayed

between 0-50 dB.

The following procedures explain Manual and InstaCal calibration methods. Refer to Figure 3-2 for a calibration setup diagram.

3-3

Chapter 3 Getting Started

Manual Calibration Procedure

If the “CAL OFF” message is displayed, or the test port cable has been changed, a new cali bration is required. The following procedure details how to perform the calibration.

OPEN

RFOUT/REFLECTION

TEST PORT

Site Master S332C

MODE

FREQ/DIST

AMPLITUDE

SWEEP

SHORT

LOAD

TEST PORT CABLE (OPTIONAL)

ESCAPE CLEAR

START

AUTO

CAL

SCALE

SAVE

RECALL

SETUP

LIMIT

MARKER

ENTER

RECALL

RUN

SAVE

DISPLAY

HOLD

SYS

OFF

CALIBRATION

Figure 3-2. Calibration Setup

Step 1. Select the appropriate frequency range, as described in the procedure above. Step 2. Press the

Out PORT” will appear in the display.

Step 3. Connect the calibrated Open and press the

suring OPEN” and “CONNECT SHORT TO RF Out” will appear.

Step 4. Remove the Open, connect the calibrated Short and press the ENTER key. The

messages “Measuring SHORT” and “CONNECT LOAD TO RF Out” will ap pear.

Step 5. Remove the Short, connect the calibrated Termination and press the

key. The messages “Measuring LOAD” will appear.

Step 6. Verify that the calibration has been properly performed by checking that the

“CAL ON” message is now displayed in the upper left corner of the display.

START CAL key. The message “CONNECT OPEN or InstaCal TO RF

ENTER key. The messages “Mea

ENTER

3-4

Chapter 3 Getting Started

InstaCal Module Verification

Verifying the InstaCal module before any line sweeping measurements is critical to the measured data. InstaCal module verification identifies any failures in the module due to cir cuitry damage or failure of the control circuitry. This test does not attempt to characterize the InstaCal module, which is performed at the factory or the service center.

The performance of the InstaCal module can be verified by the Termination method or the Offset method. The termination method is the preferred method in the field, and is similar to testing a bad load against a known good load.

Termination Method

The Termination method compares a precision load against the InstaCal Module and pro vides a baseline for other field measurements. A precision load provides better than 42 dB directivity.

Step 1. Set the frequency according to the device under test (cellular, PCS, GSM). Step 2. Step 3. Connect the InstaCal module to the Site Master RF OUT port and calibrate the

Step 4. Remove the InstaCal module from the RF OUT port and connect the precision

Step 5. Measure the return loss of the precision load. The level should be less than 35

Step 6.

Step 7. Press

Offset Method

An alternative to the termination method is to measure the return loss of a 20 dB offset. This is similar to measuring an antenna that has been specified to have a 20 dB return loss across the frequency of operation. A 20 dB offset provides a 20 dB return loss across a very wide frequency range. Measuring the return loss with the 20 dB offset will provide a rela tively flat response across the operating frequency range of the Site Master models (S113C, S114C, S331C, and S332C).

Press the

Site Master using the InstaCal module (page 3-6).

load to the RF OUT port.

dB across the calibrated frequency range. Press the

M1 value should be less than 35 dB return loss.

MODE key and select FREQ-RETURN LOSS mode.

MARKER key and set the M1 marker to MARKER TO PEAK. The

SAVE DISPLAY (page 3-8) name the trace, and press ENTER.

Step 1. Set the frequency according to the device under test (cellular, PCS, GSM). Step 2. Step 3. Connect the InstaCal module to the Site Master RF OUT port and calibrate the

Step 4. Remove the InstaCal module from the RF OUT port and connect the 20 dB Off

Step 5. Measure the return loss of the 20 dB Offset. The level should be 20 dB, ±2dB

Step 6.

Step 7. Press

Press the

Site Master using the InstaCal module (page 3-6).

set to the RF OUT port.

across the calibrated frequency range. Press the

M1 value should be approximately 20 dB return loss.

MODE key and select FREQ-RETURN LOSS mode.

MARKER key and set the M1 marker to MARKER TO PEAK. The

SAVE DISPLAY (page 3-8) name the trace, and press ENTER.

3-5

Chapter 3 Getting Started

InstaCal Module Calibration Procedure

The InstaCal module automatically calibrates the Site Master using the OSL method.

NOTE: The InstaCal module is not a discrete calibration component and it can not be used at the top of the tower to perform line sweep measurements.

Check that the “CAL OFF” message is displayed in the upper left corner of the display. This indicates that the Site Master has not been calibrated. The following procedure details how to perform the calibration using the InstaCal module.

Step 1. Select the appropriate frequency range, as described in the procedure above. Step 2. Press the

START CAL key. The message “CONNECT OPEN or InstaCal TO RF

Out PORT” will appear in the display.

Step 3. Connect the InstaCal module to the RF Out port. Step 4. Press the

ENTER key. The Site Master senses the InstaCal module and automati

cally calibrates the unit using the OSL procedure. The calibration should take about 45 seconds.

Step 5. Verify that the calibration has been properly performed by checking that the

CAL ON! message is displayed in the upper left corner of the display.

InstaCal

START CAL

SAVE SETUP

LIMIT

SAVE DISPLAY

OFF

MODULE

ESCAPE CLEAR

AUTO SCALE

RECALL SETUP

MARKER

ENTER

RECALL

RUN

DISPLAY

HOLD

SYS

ModelICN50

10M z-4.0G

InstaCal

Site Master S332C

MODE

FREQ/DIST

AMPLITUDE

SWEEP

Figure 3-3. InstaCal Module Calibration

Calibration with the Test Port Extension Cable

If a Test Port Extension Cable is to be used, the Site Master must be calibrated with the Test Port Extension Cable in place. Follow the same calibration procedures as above with the OSL components or the InstaCal module in place at the end of the test port extension cable.

3-6

Chapter 3 Getting Started

Setting the Scale

Auto Scale

The Site Master can automatically set the scales to the minimum and maximum values of the measurement on the y-axis of the display. This function is particularly useful for mea surements in SWR mode. To automatically set the scales:

Step 1. Press the

The Site Master will automatically set the top and bottom scales to the minimum and maximum values of the measurement on the y-axis of the display.

AUTO SCALE key.

Amplitude Scale

The following procedure sets the top and bottom scale display.

Step 2. Press the Step 3. Press the

scale value.

Step 4. Press the

the bottom scale value.

NOTE: Typically the y-axis scale of the display is 0-54 dB (return loss) but for some measurements (for example, insertion loss) the scale should be changed to 0-10 dB. If the scale is not changed, some measurement results may not be easily displayed on the screen.

AMPLITUDE key to call up the Scale Menu. TOP soft key and use the keypad or Up/Down arrow key to edit the top

BOTTOM soft key and use the keypad or Up/Down arrow key to edit

Save and Recall a Setup

Saving a Setup

Saving a setup configuration in memory will preserve the calibration information.

Step 1. To save the configuration in one of the 10 available user setup locations, press

SAVE SETUP .

Step 2. Use the key pad or the Up/Down arrow key to select a location (1 - 10). Step 3. Press

NOTE: A manual calibration setup will be saved with an OSL designator. An InstaCal setup will be saved with an ICAL designation.

ENTER to save the setup.

3-7

Chapter 3 Getting Started

Recalling a Setup

The following procedure recalls a setup from memory.

Step 1. Press the Step 2. Select the desired setup using the Up/Down arrow key. Step 3. Press

RECALL SETUP key.

ENTER to recall the setup.

Save and Recall a Display

Saving a Display

The following procedure saves a display to memory.

Step 1. Press the

age.

Step 2. Use the soft keys to enter a label for the saved trace.

For example, to save a display with the name “TX1 RETURN LOSS” press the soft key group that contains the letter “T” then press the “T” soft key. Press the soft key group that contains the letter “X” then press the “X” soft key. Press the number “1” key on the numeric keypad. Use the softkeys and keypad as necessary to enter the entire name, then press

NOTE: More than one trace can be saved using the same alphanumeric name, as traces are stored chronologically, using the time/date stamp.

SAVE DISPLAY key to activate the alphanumeric menu for trace stor

ENTER to complete the process.

Recalling a Display

The following procedure recalls a previously saved display from memory.

Step 1. Press the Step 2. Select the desired display using the Up/Down arrow key. Step 3. Press

RECALL DISPLAY key.

ENTER to recall the display.

3-8

Chapter 3 Getting Started

Set the Distance and Cable Type

In Distance-To-Fault (DTF) mode, the length of the transmission line (distance) and cable type are selected. The cable type determines the velocity propagation and cable attenuation factor. The following procedure can be used to set the distance and select the appropriate cable type.

NOTE: Selecting the correct cable is very important for accurate measurements and for identifying faults in the transmission line. Selecting the incorrect cable type will shift the DTF trace vertically and horizontally making it difficult to accu rately locate faults.

Step 1. Press the Step 2. Select

sets D1 to zero.

Step 3. Press the Step 4. Enter the appropriate D2 value for the maximum length of the transmission line

and press the

Step 5. Press the Step 6. Using the

stored in the Site Master cable list. This standard list may not be edited. A custom cable list can also be created.

Step 7. Using the

cable. The selected cable type, PROP VEL and CABLE LOSS in dB/ft (or dB/m) will be displayed.

Step 8. Press

MODE key.

DTF RETURN LOSS or DTF SWR mode. The Site Master automatically

D2 soft key.

ENTER key to set the D2 value.

DTF AID soft key.

Up/Down arrow key, select CABLE TYPE. Standard cable types are

Up/Down arrow key, select the appropriate list and select the type of

ENTER.

Changing the Units

By default, the Site Master displays information in metric units. Use the following proce dure to change the display to English units.

Step 1.

Press the SYS key.

Step 2. Select the Step 3. Press

The current selection is displayed at the bottom left corner of the screen.

OPTIONS soft key.

UNITS to change from metric to English measurement units, or vice versa.

Changing the Display Language

By default, the Site Master displays messages in English. To change the display language:

Step 1. Step 2. Select the Step 3. Select the desired language. Choices are English, French, German, Spanish, Chi

Press the SYS key.

Language soft key.

nese, and Japanese. The default language is English.

3-9

Chapter 3 Getting Started

Printing

Printing is accomplished by selecting an available printer and pressing the print key as de scribed below. Refer to the particular printer operating manual for specific printer settings.

Printing a Screen

Step 1. Connect the printer as shown in Figure 3-4.

SEIKO PRINTER

Site Master S332C

MODE

FREQ/DIST

SWEEP

AMPLITUDE

Figure 3-4-. Site Master Printer Setup

ESCAPE

CLEAR

START

AUTO

CAL

SCALE

SAVE

RECALL

SETUP

LIMIT

MARKER

ENTER

RECALL

RUN

SAVE

DISPLAY

HOLD

SYS

OFF

SERIAL CABLE

2000-1012

SERIAL-TO-PARALLEL

INTERFACECABLE

2000-753

HP 350

DESKJET

Step 2. Obtain the desired measurement display Step 3. Press the

Figure 3-5-. SYS Key and OPTIONS Soft Key

SYS key and the OPTIONS soft key (Figure 3-5) .

Site Master S332C

FREQ/DIST

MODE

AMPLITUDE

SELF TEST

SWEEP

OPTIONS

CLOCK

STATUS

PTION

ESCAPE

CLEAR

START

AUTO

CAL

SCALE

RECALL

SAVE SETUP

SETUP

LIMIT

MARKER

ENTER

RECALL

SAVE DISPLAY

OFF

RUN

DISPLAY

HOLD

SYS

3-10

Chapter 3 Getting Started

PRINTER

Step 4. Press the PRINTER soft key and select from the displayed menu of supported

printers.

Step 5. Press the

PRINT key. (Figure 3-6).

MODE

FREQ/DIST

Site Master S332C

PRINTER

CHANGE

DATE

AMPLITUDE

SWEEP

START CAL

SAVE SETUP

LIMIT

SAVE DISPLAY

OFF

ESCAPE

CLEAR

AUTO SCALE

RECALL SETUP

MARKER

ENTER

RECALL

RUN

DISPLAY

HOLD

SYS

Figure 3-6-. PRINTER Soft Key and PRINT Key

Printer Switch Settings

Set the switches, SW1, SW2, and SW3, on the Seiko DPU-414 thermal printer as follows:

Switch

SW1 OFF ON ON ON ON OFF ON ON SW2 ON ON ON ON ON ON ON OFF SW3 ON ON ON OFF OFF ON ON ON

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Set the switches on the serial-to-parallel interface cable to the HP Deskjet 350 ink jet printer as follows:

SW1

OFF ON OFF OFF OFF OFF ON OFF

SW2 SW3 SW4 SW5 SW6 SW7 SW8

3-11

Chapter 3 Getting Started

Using the Soft Carrying Case

The soft carrying case has been designed such that the strap can be unsnapped to allow the case to be easily oriented horizontally; thus allowing the Anritsu controls to be more easily accessed (Figure 3-7).

Figure 3-7. Using the Site Master Soft Carrying Case

3-12

Chapter 4 Cable & Antenna Measurements

Introduction

This chapter provides a description of cable and antenna measurements, including line sweeping fundamentals and line sweeping measurement procedures, available when the Site Master is in frequency or DTF mode.

Line Sweep Fundamentals

In wireless communication, the transmit and receive antennas are connected to the radio through a transmission line. This transmission line is usually a coaxial cable or waveguide. This connection system is referred to as a transmission feed line system. Figure 4-1 shows an example of a typical transmission feed line system.

Figure 4-1. A Typical Transmission Feed Line System

4-1

Chapter 4 Cable & Antenna Measurements

The performance of a transmission feed line system may be effected by excessive signal re flection and cable loss. Signal reflection occurs when the RF signal reflects back due to an impedance mismatch or change in impedance caused by excessive kinking or bending of the transmission line. Cable loss is caused by attenuation of the signal as it passes through the transmission line and connectors.

To verify the performance of the transmission feed line system and analyze these problems, three types of line sweeps are required:

Return Loss Measurement¾Measures the reflected power of the system in decibels (dB). This measurement can also be taken in the Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) mode, which is the ratio of the transmitted power to the reflected power. However, the return loss measurement is typically used for most field applications.

Insertion Loss Measurement¾Measures the energy absorbed, or lost, by the transmission line in dB/ft or dB/meter. Different transmission lines have different losses, and the loss is frequency and distance specific. The higher the frequency or longer the distance, the greater the loss.

Distance-To-Fault (DTF) Measurement¾Reveals the precise fault location of compo nents in the transmission line system. This test helps to identify specific problems in the system, such as connector transitions, jumpers, kinks in the cable or moisture intrusion.

The different measurements are defined as:

Return Loss - System Sweep¾A measurement made when the antenna is connected at the end of the transmission line. This measurement provides an analysis of how the various components of the system are interacting and provides an aggregate return loss of the entire system.

Distance To Fault - Load Sweep¾A measurement made with the antenna disconnected and replaced with a 50W precision load at the end of the transmission line. This measure ment allows analysis of the various components of the transmission feed line system in the DTF mode.

Cable Loss - Insertion Loss Sweep¾A measurement made when a short is connected at the end of the transmission line. This condition allows analysis of the signal loss through the transmission line and identifies the problems in the system. High insertion loss in the feed line or jumpers can contribute to poor system performance and loss of coverage.

This whole process of measurements and testing the transmission line system is called Line Sweeping.

Information Required for a Line Sweep

The following information must be determined before attempting a line sweep measure ment:

System Frequency Range, to set the sweep frequency

Cable Type, to set the cable characteristics for DTF measurements

4-2

Distance of the Cable Run, to set the distance for DTF measurements

Chapter 4 Cable & Antenna Measurements

Typical Line Sweep Test Procedures

This section provides typical line sweep measurements used to analyze the performance of a transmission feed line system.

System Return Loss Measurement

System return loss measurement verifies the performance of the transmission feed line sys tem with the antenna connected at the end of the transmission line. To measure the system return loss:

Required Equipment

Site Master Model S113C, S114C, S331C, or S332C

Precision Open/Short, Anritsu 22N50 or

Precision Open/Short/Load, Anritsu OSLN50LF Precision Load, Anritsu SM/PL

Test Port Extension Cable, Anritsu 15NNF50-1.5C

Optional 510-90 Adapter, DC to 7.5 GHz, 50 ohm, 7/16(F)-N(M)

Anritsu InstaCal Module, ICN50

Device Under Test

Transmission Feed Line with Antenna

Procedure

Step 1. Press the Step 2.

Select FREQ-RETURN LOSS using the Up/Down arrow key and press

ENTER.

MODE key.

Step 3. Set the start and stop frequencies, F1 and F2, as described on page 3-2. Step 4. Calibrate the Site Master as described on page 3-2. Step 5. Connect the Device Under Test to the Site Master. A trace will be displayed on

the screen when the Site Master is in the sweep mode.

Step 6. Press

SAVE DISPLAY (page 3-8) name the trace, and press ENTER.

NOTE: The antenna must be connected at the end of the transmission feed line when conducting a System Return Loss measurement.

4-3

Chapter 4 Cable & Antenna Measurements

Figure 4-2 is an example of a typical system return loss trace:

Figure 4-2. Typical System Return Loss Trace

NOTE: The system sweep trace should appear at an approximate return loss of 15 dB (±3 dB) on the display. In general, a 15 dB return loss is measured in the passband of the antenna system.

Insertion Loss Measurement

The transmission feed line insertion loss test verifies the signal attenuation level of the cable system in reference to the specification. This test can be conducted with the Site Master in either FREQ–CABLE LOSS or FREQ–RETURN LOSS mode. In Cable Loss mode, the Site Master automatically considers the signal traveling in both directions when calculating the insertion loss, making the measurement easier for the user in the field. Both methods are explained below.

Required Equipment

Site Master Model S113C, S114C, S331C, or S332C

Precision Open/Short, Anritsu 22N50 or Precision Open/Short/Load, Anritsu OSLN50LF

Precision Load, Anritsu SM/PL

Test Port Extension Cable, Anritsu 15NNF50-1.5C

Optional 510-90 Adapter, DC to 7.5 GHz, 50 ohm, 7/16(F)-N(M)

Anritsu InstaCal Module, ICN50

Device Under Test

Transmission Feed Line with Short

Procedure - Cable Loss Mode

4-4

Step 1. Press the Step 2.

Select FREQ-CABLE LOSS using the Up/Down arrow key and press

MODE key.

ENTER.

Chapter 4 Cable & Antenna Measurements

Step 3. Set the start and stop frequencies, F1 and F2, as described on page 3-2. Step 4. Connect the Test Port Extension cable to the RF port and calibrate the Site Mas

ter as described on page 3-2.

Step 5. Save the calibration set up (page 3-7). Step 6. Connect the Device Under Test to the Site Master phase stable Test Port Exten

sion cable. A trace will be displayed on the screen as long as the Site Master is in sweep mode.

Step 7.

Press the

AMPLITUDE key and set the TOP and BOTTOM values of the dis

play. In the example below, the TOP is set to 2, and the BOTTOM is set to 5.

Step 8. Press the Step 9. Step 10.

Set M1 to MARKER TO PEAK. Set M2 to MARKER TO VALLEY.

MARKER key.

Step 11. Calculate the measured insertion loss by averaging M1 (marker to peak) and M2

(marker to valley) as follows:

InsertionLoss

Step 12. Press

SAVE DISPLAY (page 3-8) name the trace, and press ENTER.

+12

Step 13. Verify the measured insertion loss against the calculated insertion loss. For

example:

First Jumper Main Feeder Top Jumper

Type Attenuation (dB/ft)

LDF4-50A 0.0325 20 0.65 LDF5-50A 0.0186 150 2.79 LDF4-50A 0.0325 10 0.325

´ Length (ft) = Loss (dB)

Number of connector pairs (3) times the loss per pair (in dB) equals the connec tor loss: 3 ´ 0.14 = 0.42.

The insertion loss of the transmission system is equal to:

First Jumper loss + Main Feeder Loss + Top Jumper Loss + Connector Loss:

0.65 + 2.79 + 0.325 + 0.42 = 4.19 dB

4-5

Chapter 4 Cable & Antenna Measurements

Figure 4-3 is an example of a typical transmission line cable loss trace.

Figure 4-3. Typical Transmission Line Cable Loss Trace

Procedure - Return Loss Mode

Step 1. Press the Step 2.

Select FREQ-RETURN LOSS using the Up/Down arrow key and press

ENTER.

MODE key.

Step 3. Set the start and stop frequencies, F1 and F2, as described on page 3-2. Step 4. Connect the Test Port Extension cable to the RF port and calibrate the Site Mas-

ter as described on page 3-2.

Step 5. Save the calibration set up (page 3-7). Step 6. Connect the Device Under Test to the Site Master phase stable Test Port Exten-

sion cable. A trace will be displayed on the screen as long as the Site Master is in sweep mode.

Step 7.

Press the

AMPLITUDE key and set TOP and BOTTOM values of the display.

In the example below, the TOP is set to 4, and the BOTTOM is set to 10.

Step 8. Press the Step 9. Step 10.

Set M1 to MARKER TO PEAK. Set M2 to MARKER TO VALLEY.

MARKER key.

Step 11. Calculate the insertion loss by averaging M1 (marker to peak) and M2 (marker

to valley) and dividing by two as follows:

+12

InsertionLoss

4-6

Step 12. Press

SAVE DISPLAY (page 3-8) name the trace, and press ENTER.

Chapter 4 Cable & Antenna Measurements

Figure 4-4 is an example of a typical insertion loss measurement in return loss mode.

Figure 4-4. Typical Return Loss Trace

4-7

Chapter 4 Cable & Antenna Measurements

Distance-To-Fault (DTF) Transmission Line Test

The Distance-To-Fault transmission line test verifies the performance of the transmission line assembly and its components and identifies the fault locations in the transmission line system. This test determines the return loss value of each connector pair, cable component and cable to identify the problem location. This test can be performed in the DTF–RE TURN LOSS or DTF–SWR mode. Typically, for field applications, the DTF–RETURN LOSS mode is used. To perform this test, disconnect the antenna and connect the load at the end of the transmission line.

Required Equipment

Site Master Model S113C, S114C, S331C, or S332C

Precision Open/Short, Anritsu 22N50 or

Precision Open/Short/Load, Anritsu OSLN50LF Precision Load, Anritsu SM/PL

Test Port Extension Cable, Anritsu 15NNF50-1.5C

Optional 510-90 Adapter, DC to 7.5 GHz, 50 ohm, 7/16(F)-N(M)

Anritsu InstaCal Module, ICN50

Device Under Test

Transmission Feed Line with Load

Procedure - Return Loss Mode

The following steps explain how to make a DTF measurement in return loss mode.

Step 1. Press the Step 2.

Select DTF-RETURN LOSS using the Up/Down arrow key and press

MODE key.

ENTER.

Step 3. Connect the Test Port Extension cable to the RF port and calibrate the Site Mas-

ter as described on page 3-2.

Step 4. Save the calibration set up (page 3-7). Step 5. Connect the Device Under Test to the Site Master phase stable Test Port Exten

sion cable. A trace will be displayed on the screen as long as the Site Master is in sweep mode.

Step 6. Press the Step 7. Set the Step 8.

Press the

FREQ/DIST key.

D1 and D2 values. The Site Master default for D1 is zero.

DTF AID soft key and select the appropriate CABLE TYPE to set the

correct propagation velocity and attenuation factor.

NOTE: Selecting the right propagation velocity, attenuation factor and distance is very important for accurate measurements, otherwise the faults can not be identified accurately and insertion loss will be incorrect.

4-8

Step 9. Press

SAVE DISPLAY (page 3-8) name the trace, and press ENTER.

Step 10. Record the connector transitions.

Chapter 4 Cable & Antenna Measurements

Figure 4-5 shows an example of a typical DTF return loss trace.

Figure 4-5. Typical DTF Return Loss Trace

In the above example:

Marker M1 marks the first connector, the end of the Site Master phase stable Test

Port Extension cable.

Marker M2 marks the first jumper cable.

Marker M3 marks the end of the main feeder cable.

Marker M4 is the load at the end of the entire transmission line.

Procedure - DTF-SWR Mode

The following steps explain how to measure DTF in SWR mode.

Step 1. Press the Step 2. Select the

MODE key.

DTF-SWR using the Up/Down arrow key and press ENTER.

Step 3. Follow the same procedure as DTF-Return Loss Mode, above.

4-9

Chapter 4 Cable & Antenna Measurements

Antenna Subsystem Return Loss Test

Antenna Subsystem return loss measurement verifies the performance of the transmit and receive antennas. This measurement can be used to analyze the performance of the antenna before installation. The antenna can be tested for the entire frequency band, or tested to a specific frequency range. Transmit and receive frequency measurements are conducted sep arately. The following steps explain how to measure the antenna loss in return loss mode.

Required Equipment

Site Master Model S113C, S114C, S331C, or S332C

Precision Open/Short, Anritsu 22N50 or

Precision Open/Short/Load, Anritsu OSLN50LF Precision Load, Anritsu SM/PL

Test Port Extension Cable, Anritsu 15NNF50-1.5C

Optional 510-90 Adapter, DC to 7.5 GHz, 50 ohm, 7/16(F)-N(M)

Anritsu InstaCal Module, ICN50

Device Under Test

Antenna Sub Assembly

Procedure

Step 1. Press the Step 2.

Select FREQ-RETURN LOSS using the Up/Down arrow key and press

ENTER.

MODE key.

Step 3. Connect the Test Port Extension cable to the RF port and calibrate the Site Mas-

ter as described on page 3-2.

Step 4. Press

SAVE SETUP and save the calibration set up (page 3-7).

Step 5. Connect the Device Under Test to the Site Master phase stable Test Port Exten

sion cable.

Step 6. Press the

MARKER key.

Step 7. Set markers M1 and M2 to the desired frequency. Step 8. Record the lowest return loss over the specified frequency. Step 9. Press

SAVE DISPLAY (page 3-8) name the trace, and press ENTER.

4-10

Chapter 4 Cable & Antenna Measurements

The following trace is an example of an antenna return loss trace.

Figure 4-6. Antenna Return Loss Trace

Calculate the threshold value and compare the recorded Lowest Return Loss to the calculated threshold value.

20 1

log VSWR

Maximum Return Loss =

NOTE: VSWR is the antenna manufacturer’s specified VSWR.

If the measured return loss is less than the calculated threshold value, the test fails and the antenna must be replaced.

()

VSWR

()

4-11/4-12

Chapter 5 Spectrum Analyzer Measurements

Introduction

This chapter provides a description of field measurements available when the Model S114C or S332C Site Master is in Spectrum Analyzer mode.

Occupied Bandwidth

A common measurement performed on radio transmitters is that of occupied bandwidth (OBW). This measurement calculates the bandwidth containing the total integrated power occupied in a given signal bandwidth. There are two different methods of calculation de pending on the technique to modulate the carrier.

99% Method — The occupied frequency bandwidth is calculated as the bandwidth

containing 99% of the transmitted power. X dB Down Method — The occupied frequency bandwidth is defined as the band-

width between the upper and lower frequency points at which the signal level is X dB below the peak carrier level.

Required Equipment

Site Master Model S114C or S332C

30 dB, 50 Watt, bi-directional, DC –18 GHz, N(m) – N(f), Attenuator, 42N50A-30

Test Port extension cable, Anritsu 15NNF50 – 1.5C

Procedure

Step 1. Using the test port extension cable and 30 dB attenuator connect the Site Master

to the RF_Out test port.

Step 2. Press the Step 3. Press the Step 4. Use the Up/Down arrow key to select the Spectrum Analyzer mode and press

ENTER.

Step 5. Enter the center frequency of the measurement. Step 6. Select the appropriate frequency span, reference level, input attenuation level,

resolution bandwidth, and video bandwidth.

Step 7. Press the Step 8. Press the Step 9. Select measurement method, % or dBc down by pressing the corresponding soft

key and press

ON/OFF key on the Site Master. MODE key.

MEAS key. OBW soft key.

ENTER.

5-1

Chapter 5 Spectrum Analyzer Measurements

Step 10. Press the MEAS key to initiate actual measurement. The Site Master will display

the measurement results in the display area. The Site Master default value for the % method is 99%, and N dBc down is 3 dB down.

The table below provides typical instrument settings for measuring a CW and an IS-95 CDMA signal.

Table 5-1. Typical Occupied Bandwidth Measurement Settings

CW Wave IS-95 CDMA Signal

Frequency Span 900 MHz 900 MHz Reference Level –15 dBm –10 dBm Input Attenuation Level Auto Auto Resolution Bandwidth Auto 10 kHz Video Bandwidth Auto 30 kHz

Channel Power Measurement

One of the most common measurements for a transmitter is that of channel power. This test measures the output power, or channel power, of a transmitter over a frequency range and a specific time interval. Channel Power measurements are used to validate transmitter performance, verify compliance with FCC regulations, and keep overall system interference at a minimum.

Out-of-specification power measurements indicate system faults in the power amplifier or in-filter circuits.

Channel Power Measurement with the Site Master

The Site Master can be used to measure CDMA signals in terms of channel power. It is nec essary to use precise and specific settings to accurately measure the CDMA signal because the CDMA is different from CW signals.

For accurate IS-95 CDMA measurements, use the following settings:

CDMA Channel Bandwidth: 1.23 MHz

RBW setting: 10 kHz

VBW ³ 3´ RBW or at least 30 kHz

Averaging function turned off

Required Equipment

Site Master Model S114C or S332C

30 dB, 50 Watt, bi-directional, DC –18 GHz, N(m) – N(f), Attenuator

Test Port extension cable, Anritsu 15NNF50 – 1.5C

5-2

Chapter 5 Spectrum Analyzer Measurements

Procedure

Using the test port extension cable and 30 dB attenuator, connect the Site Master to the RF_IN test port. The measurement can be accomplished with or without the 30 dB attenu ator. The attenuator is recommended for additional protection.

Step 1. Press the Step 2. Press the

ON/OFF key on the Site Master. MODE key.

Step 3. Use the Up/Down arrow key to select the Spectrum Analyzer mode and press

ENTER.

Step 4. Enter the following control settings:

reference level = –15 dBm Scale = 10 dB/division RBW = 10 kHz VBW = 30 kHz or greater Span = 2.5 MHz

Step 5. Press the Step 6. Once in the MEAS menu, press the Step 7. Select the center frequency by pressing the

MEAS key.

CHANNEL POWER soft key.

CENTER FREQ soft key and enter

900 MHz as the center frequency of the CDMA signal.

Step 8. Select the integration bandwidth by pressing the

INT BW soft key and enter 1.23

MHz for the integration bandwidth.

Step 9. Select channel span by pressing the

CHANNEL SPAN soft key and enter 1.23

MHz as the desired integration bandwidth.

Step 10. Make the measurement by pressing the

MEASURE soft key. The Site Master

will display the measurement results in the display area.

Integration bandwidth is defined as the frequency span in which the spectrum analyzer inte grates measured power readings.

Channel span is the frequency range the analyzer sweeps. Channel span must be set to equal or greater than the integration bandwidth, or the Site Master will by default set the channel span equal to the integration span. The Site Master also keeps the ratio of the integration bandwidth to channel span constant. For example, if the channel span is doubled, the Site Master will double the integration span.

When the integration bandwidth and channel span are set to the same value, the Site Master provides the most accurate measurement, as it uses all the sampling points for integration.

5-3

Chapter 5 Spectrum Analyzer Measurements

Adjacent Channel Power Measurement

Another common transmitter measurement is that of adjacent channel power ratio. This is defined as the ratio of the amount of leakage power in an adjacent channel to the total trans mitted power in the main channel. The current trend is to use this measurement to replace the traditional two-tone intermodulation distortion (IMD) test for system non-linear behav ior.

The specification for ACPR requires comparing the power in the RF channel to the power at several offset frequencies. The result can be expressed either in power ratio or power density. In order to calculate the upper and lower adjacent channel values, the Site Master requires four parameters:

Main channel center frequency

Main channel bandwidth

Adjacent channel bandwidth

Channel spacing

1.23 MHz

885 kHz 885 kHz

1.98 MHz 1.98 MHz

Figure 5-1. Example ACPR Specification

Required Equipment

Site Master Model S114C or S332C

30 dB, 50 Watt, bi-directional, DC –18 GHz, N(m) – N(f), Attenuator

Test Port extension cable, Anritsu 15NNF50 – 1.5C

Procedure

Step 1. Using the test port extension cable and 30 dB attenuator connect the Site Master

to the appropriate transmitter test port. The measurement can be accomplished with our without the 30 dB attenuator. The attenuator is recommended for addi tional protection.

30 kHz

5-4

Step 2. Press the

ON/OFF key on the Site Master.

Chapter 5 Spectrum Analyzer Measurements

Step 3. Press the MODE key. Step 4. Use the Up/Down arrow key to select the Spectrum Analyzer mode and press

ENTER.

Step 5. Select the appropriate reference level, input attenuation level, resolution band

width, and video bandwidth.

Step 6. Press the Step 7. Once in the MEAS menu, press the Step 8. Select the center frequency by pressing the

MEAS key.

ACP soft key.

CENTER FREQ soft key and enter

the desired center frequency.

Step 9. Select the main channel bandwidth by pressing the

MAIN CHANNEL BW soft

key and enter the desired main channel bandwidth. For an IS-95 signal enter

1.23 MHz.

Step 10. Select the adjacent channel bandwidth by pressing the

ADJ CHANNEL BW soft

key and enter the desired adjacent channel bandwidth. For an IS-95 signal enter 30 kHz.

Step 11. Select the channel spacing by pressing the

CHANNEL SPACING soft key and

enter the desired channel spacing. For an IS-95 signal, enter 885 or 1.98 MHz.

Step 12. Make the measurement by pressing the

MEASURE soft key. The Site Master

will display the measurement results in the display area.

The table below provides typical settings for measuring a CW and a IS-95 CDMA signal.

Table 5-2. ACPR Measurement Settings

CW Wave IS-95 CDMA Signal

Reference Level –15 dBm –10 dBm Input Attenuation Level Auto Auto Resolution Bandwidth Auto 10 kHz Video Bandwidth Auto 30 kHz

5-5

Chapter 5 Spectrum Analyzer Measurements

Out-of-Band Spurious Emission Measurements

Out-of-band spurious measurements are made on signals outside the system main band. These signals, which can interfere with other communication systems, can be categorized into harmonics and random spurious emissions. Real time monitoring of spurious emissions from a transmitter can uncover unwanted signals before they interfere with other users on the other channels.

Required Equipment

Site Master Model S114C or S332C

30 dB, 50 Watt, bi-directional, DC –18 GHz, N(m) – N(f), Attenuator, 42N50A-30

Test Port extension cable, Anritsu 15NNF50 – 1.5C

Procedure

Step 1. Using the test port extension cable and 30 dB attenuator connect the Site Master

to appropriate transmit test port.

Step 2. Press the Step 3. Press the Step 4. Use the Up/Down arrow key to select the Spectrum Analyzer mode and press

ENTER.

Step 5. Select the center frequency for the channel of interest. Step 6. Set the frequency span wide enough to include the primary channel and upper

and lower channel.

Step 7. Set the following parameters:

Step 8. Use the limit line and markers to read and compare the observed signals to the

specified allowable level of out-of-band spurious emissions for the correspond ing channel transmitted frequency.

ON/OFF key on the Site Master. MODE key.

reference level=0dBm input attenuation level = auto resolution bandwidth =10 kHz video bandwidth =300 Hz.

5-6

Chapter 5 Spectrum Analyzer Measurements

In-Band/Out-of-Channel Measurements

The in-band/out-of-channel measurements are those measurements that measure distortion and interference within the system band, but outside of the transmitting channel. These measurements include in-band spurious emissions and adjacent channel power ratio (also known as spectral regrowth). There are stringent regulatory controls on the amount of inter ference that a transmitter can spill to neighboring channels. In order to determine compli ance with the allowable level of spurious emissions, the spectrum analyzer needs two parameters to be specified:

Measurement channel bandwidth

Allowable level of spurious emissions.

Required Equipment

Site Master Model S114C or S332C

30 dB, 50 Watt, bi-directional, DC –18 GHz, N(m) – N(f), Attenuator

Test Port extension cable, Anritsu 15NNF50 – 1.5C

Procedure

Step 1. Using the test port extension cable and 30 dB attenuator connect the Site Master

to appropriate transmit test port.

Step 2. Press the Step 3. Press the

ON/OFF key on the Site Master. MODE key.

Step 4. Use the Up/Down arrow key to select the Spectrum Analyzer mode and press

ENTER.

Step 5. Select the center frequency for the channel of interest. Step 6. Set the frequency span wide enough to include the primary channel and upper

and lower channel.

Step 7. Set the following parameters as specified:

reference level=0dBm input attenuation level = auto resolution bandwidth =10 kHz video bandwidth =300 Hz

Step 8. Use the limit line and markers to read and compare observed signals to the spec

ified allowable level of in-band spurious emissions for the corresponding chan nel transmitted frequency.

NOTE: The resolution bandwidth of a spectrum analyzer is determined by the intermediate frequency (IF) filter bandwidth. Site Master, as do conventional spectrum analyzers, traces the shape of the IF filter as it sweeps past a signal. Therefore, if two equal-amplitude signals are very close to each other, the mea surement result can appear to be one single response because the IF or resolu tion bandwidth is not small enough to resolve the two signals. Similarly, if two signals are not equal in amplitude but are very close together, the smaller sig

nal may not be seen because it is hidden under the large response.

5-7

Chapter 5 Spectrum Analyzer Measurements

Field Strength Measurement

The procedure below details steps required making a field strength measurement with the Site Master.

Required Equipment

Site Master Model S114C or S332C with tracking generator option

Antenna of your choice

Procedure

Step 1. Press the

ON/OFF key on the Site Master.

Step 2. Use the antenna editor feature of the Site Master Software Tools to define an an

tenna.

Step 3. Upload the antenna information to the Site Master. Step 4. Press the Step 5. Select the Step 6. Press the

MEAS key.

FIELD STRENGTH soft key.

SELECT ANTENNA soft key.

Step 7. Use the Up/Down arrow key to choose the desired antenna and then press the

ENTER key

Step 8. To change the unit of measurement, press the

press the

UNITS soft key to select dB, dBV, dBmV or dBmV.

AMPLITUDE hard key, and then

The Site Master will automatically scale the display by the antenna factors selected.

5-8

Antenna Calculations

Chapter 5 Spectrum Analyzer Measurements

The following is a list of various antenna calculations should you find it necessary to con vert from one to another:

Conversion of signal levels from mW to mV in a 50-ohm system:

where: P = power in Watts

V = voltage level in Volts R = resistance in Ohms

-3

For power in milliwatts (10

dB V

()( )

Power density to field strength. An alternate measure of field strength to electric field is power density:

where: E = field strength in V/m

=+107

dBmm

120p

P = Power density in W/m

W), and voltage in microvolts (10-6V):

Power density at a point:

PtG

In the far field, where electric and magnetic fields are related by the impedance of free space:

Pt= power transmitted in Watts G r = distance from the antenna in meters

r=4

= power density in W/m

= gain of transmitting antenna

5-9/5-10

Chapter 6 Power Measurement

Introduction

The Site Master with Option 5 installed can be used for making power measurements with a broadband (1 MHz to 3000 MHz) RF detector, Anritsu P/N 5400-71N50. The power moni tor displays the measured power results in dBm or Watts.

Power Measurement

Required Equipment

Site Master Model S114C or S332C with Power Monitor option

Broadband RF detector, Anritsu P/N 5400-71N50

30 dB, 50 Watt, bi-directional, DC –18 GHz, N(m) – N(f), Attenuator, 42N50A-30

Procedure

Step 1. Press the

ON/OFF key on the Site Master.

Step 2. Press the Step 3. Use the Up/Down arrow key to select the Power Monitor mode and press

ENTER.

Zeroing the Power Monitor

Step 4. With no power applied to the DUT, press the

menu. Wait for a few seconds while the Site Master accumulates data samples of the quiescent power. When complete, sage area.

Measuring High Input Power Levels

Step 5. Insert an attenuator between the DUT and the RF detector to protect the Site

Master so that the input power level is less than or equal to 20 dBm.

Step 6. Press the Step 7. Enter the attenuation in dB using the keypad. Press the

the entry. The message area will show dB.

Displaying Power in dBm and Watts

Step 8. Press the

MODE key.

ZERO soft key from the Power

ZERO ADJ: On is displayed in the mes

OFFSET soft key.

ENTER key to complete

REL: ON along with the entered value in

UNITS soft key to display power in Watts.

6-1

Chapter 6 Power Measurement

Displaying Relative Power

Step 9. With the desired base power level input to the Site Master, press the

key. The message area will show 100%.

REL soft

REL: ON and the power reading will indicate

Step 10. Press the

reading will be in dBr, relative to the base power level.

UNITS soft key to display power in dBm. Since REL is ON, the power

6-2

Chapter 7 Site Master Software Tools

Introduction

This chapter provides a description of the Site Master Software Tools provided with the Site Master. Site Master Software Tools (SMST) is a Windows 95/98/2000/ME/NT4 pro gram for cable and antenna trace analysis. The program help function provides on screen instructions on display modification, trace overlay, and multiple plot printing.

Features

Site Master Software Tools provides the following features:

Download traces saved in the Site Master memory to the PC for storage and analysis

DTF and Smith Chart analysis capability

Trace Overlay allows the viewing of two plots simultaneously

Ability to save captured plots as data files (.dat file format) or as records representing

site information in a database file Ability to convert Return Loss measurements to Distance-To-Fault measurements

Ability to zoom in or out to analyze a particular region of the plot

Ability to modify Plot Properties

Ability to output plots to a printer for hard copy records

Capture of the current trace in the unit

System Requirements

The Site Master Software Tools program will run on most any computer running Windows 95/98/2000/ME/NT4. Minimum requirements and recommendations are:

Intel Pentium 100 MHz microprocessor (Pentium II 350 MHz or better recom mended)

16 MB of RAM (64 MB or above recommended)

Hard disk drive with approximately 15 MB of available space (An additional 20 MB free space for storage of captured plots is recommended.)

A serial (COM) port for communication with the Site Master

NOTE: It is recommended that Windows NT 4.0 users install NT 4.0 Service Pack 3 (SP3) or above. In addition, Windows 2000 and Windows ME may re quire installation of the latest Service Pack. Please contact Microsoft Corpora tion for further information on obtaining and installing service packs.

7-1

Chapter 7 Software Tools Program

Installation

To install the Site Master Software Tools program:

Step 1. Insert the Anritsu Site Master Software Tools disk in the CDROM drive. Step 2. From the Windows Start menu, select Step 3. Type: Step 4. When prompted, press the

Step 5. When the installation is complete, press

The readme.doc file on the disk provides updated information about the program, and the Help function provides detailed operating information.

X:\Setup.exe where X is the drive letter of your CDROM drive.

Enter key to accept the default directory C:\Program

Files\Site Master Software Tools and the installation will begin.

Run .

Enter to restart Windows.

Communication Port Setting

The Site Master Software Tools communicates with the Site Master through a standard se rial COM port on the PC. Set the baud rate of the COM port to 115200.

Step 1. Select Step 2. When the program has loaded, select Step 3. Select the appropriate PC COM port and Transfer Baud Rate for your system,

Start, Programs and select Site Master Software Tools.

Settings, Communication.

and click

OK.

Figure 7-1. Communication Setting Dialog Box

7-2

Interface Cable Installation

Chapter 7 Software Tools Program

Communication between the Site Master and the PC is accomplished over a null modem se rial cable provided with the Site Master (Anritsu part number 800-441).

Step 1. Install the null modem serial interface cable to the Serial Interface connector on

the Site Master Test Connector Panel.

Step 2. Connect the other end of the serial interface cable to the appropriate COM port

connector on the PC.

Step 3. Turn on both the Site Master and the PC.

ERIAL INTERFACE

Site Master S332C

MODE

FREQ/DIST

AMPLITUDE

SWEEP

ESCAPE

CLEAR

START

AUTO

CAL

SCALE

SAVE

RECALL

SETUP

LIMIT

MARKER

ENTER

RECALL

RUN

SAVE

DISPLAY

HOLD

SYS

OFF

COM PORT

Figure 7-2. Serial Cable Connection

Using Software Tools

Select Start, Programs and select Site Master Software Tools.

If the proper command was sent to the Site Master from the PC a “remote” status will be displayed on the Site Master display.

Downloading Traces from the Site Master

Downloaded traces from the Site Master can be selected as a entire block or as individual files. Files are categorized by measurement type:

Return Loss

VSWR

DTF (Distance-to-Fault)

Time/Date stamp

SPA Traces with ACPR and CP

7-3

Chapter 7 Software Tools Program

Plot Capture

To open the plot capture menus, select the capture icon on the button bar, or select the Cap

ture

drop down menu from the menu bar.

Select

Capture to Screen to download traces to the PC.

Highlight a folder, or highlight individual traces within a folder, to be downloaded to the PC. The traces will appear on the PC display as they are downloaded.

Plot Properties

After downloading, certain plot properties and information can be modified. Select the Plot Properties or Plot Information icon.

Plot Properties that can be changed include:

Graph Titles Display Mode Scale/Limit Markers Misc.

Graph Titles

After downloading the plot, the Main Title can be changed to reflect the site name or other descriptive information. The Sub Title field can be used to describe the specifics of the measurement and configuration.

Display Mode

Display Mode allows changing the display type without having to retest. Plots can be changed from

Scale/Limit

The scale of the displayed plot can be modified to help analyze whether the plot meets pass/fail criteria. The Scale/Limit sub menu activates options to manually enter the scale limits, or to use the Auto Scale mode.

Return Loss to VSWR with single click of mouse button.

Manual adjustment sets the upper and lower limits of the display under the

Scale/Limit Submenu.

Auto Scale automatically adjusts the scale for maximum and minimum mea

surement readings.

Limit Line Off turns off all limit lines. Single Limit Line can be activated to help identify faults. Typical antenna speci

fications require better than –15 dB return loss.

Multi-Segment Limit Lines can be activated to set different limits within the

same measurement display for specification requirements.

7-4

Chapter 7 Software Tools Program

Markers

Markers M1 through M6 can be activated from the Plot Properties menu.

The six active markers can be displayed on the plot to help identify faults from the line sweep data.

Misc.

The Miscellaneous tab allows adjustment of the Plot/Limit Line Width and the setting of the Plot Footer.

Plot/Limit Line Width can be used when preparing reports for the carrier, ser

vice providers, and network operators where the trace data must be visible and legible for documentation. The line density of the trace can be set to

(Thin Line) Plot Footer allows selection of information to be displayed in the trace display.

or Thick Line to make the data appear easily when copies are made.

Selections are:

Bias Tee

Time/Date

Model and Serial Number

Date Format

Impedance

Measurements

DTF Parameters

Overlay Indicator

Trace Overlay or Plot Overlay

Trace Overlay is activated by the Mouse Function icon. Single-click on the Mouse Function icon to toggle. Toggling this icon switches the mouse function between Marker/Limit/Zoom and Plot Overlaying.

To overlay two plots, click-and-drag from one plot to the other plot. The final display will be the two plots superimposed on one another.

Refer to the SMST trace overlay.

HELP function for more information on the steps necessary to perform a

Normal

Saving Traces

Once the plots are captured to the PC they can be saved as individual files or as a block of files to a database.

Saving a Plot as a Windows Metafile or to a Spreadsheet

Plots can be saved as a Windows metafile (.wmf) or as a text file (.txt). The metafile may be imported into graphic programs and the text file can be imported into spreadsheet.

To save a plot as a Windows metafile, click on the from the pull down menu. Once the trace is saved as a metafile, it can be copied and trans ferred into other applications as a picture or graphic file.

To copy a metafile:

Step 1. Select the trace to be copied with the mouse cursor. Step 2. Select

Edit and then Copy. The file will copied to clipboard.

File menu and select Save as Metafile

7-5

Chapter 7 Software Tools Program

Step 3. Exit the Site Master Software Tools program and open the target application

(Microsoft Word, etc.).

Step 4. Select

Saving a Plot to a Spreadsheet

Plots can be saved as a text file (.txt) which can then be imported into a spreadsheet program.

To save a plot as a text file:

Step 1. Select the trace to be copied with the mouse cursor. Step 2. Click on the

Step 3. Save the file to a local directory. Step 4. Exit the Site Master Software Tools program and open the spreadsheet applica

Step 5. Import the .txt file into the spreadsheet program.

Edit and then Paste. The file will be inserted as a low-resolution graphic

file or a bitmap.

File menu and select Export to Text File for a Spreadsheet from

the pull down menu.

tion.

Custom Cable List

A custom cable list can be created in Site Master Software Tools and uploaded to the Site Master. Some standard 1000 MHz, 2000 MHz, and 2500 MHz cables are stored in the Site Master and are listed in Appendix A of this User’s Guide.

The cable list contains vital information such as propagation velocity, Vp and insertion loss (dB/m or dB/ft). These parameters are important when identifying faults and discontinuities of transmission lines.

NOTE: Values for the cable list are taken from manufacturers specifications and are normalized for a sweep frequency setting of 1 GHz. Complex digital com munications systems may require adjustment to attenuation values at the higher frequencies. Contact the manufacturer for the appropriate cable losses.

The Cable Editor is specifically designed to provide contractors, service providers, and net work operators with a list of cable types that are tailored to their use.

To open the Cable Editor, select the

To open an existing cable list file, select

Enter.

press

Creating a Custom Cable List

To create a custom cable list:

Step 1. Select the File menu and select New. Step 2. Type in or cut and paste the cable types and specifications for the desired cables.

Tools menu and select Cable Editor.

File and Open. Select the desired cable list and

7-6

Chapter 7 Software Tools Program

Uploading a Cable List

After custom cable list has been created in Site Master Software Tools it can upload it to the Site Master. The serial communication null modem cable must be connected from the Site Master to the PC.

In the Cable Editor, select load with a message " Upload Complete" when the operation is finished.

Querying the Site Master Cable List

Query Cable List allows the user to check and review the contents of the custom cable list in the Site Master.

In the Cable Editor, select ble list from the Site Master to the PC.

Tools and Upload Cable List. The software will confirm the up

Tools and Query Cable List. The software will download the ca

Entering Antenna Factors

The antenna factor is a parameter of an antenna that is used in the calculation of field strength during radiated emissions measurement. It relates the voltage output of the mea surement antenna to the value of the incident field producing that voltage. The units are volts output per volt/meter incident field or reciprocal meters. Antennas used for radiated emissions testing are individually calibrated (the antenna factor is directly measured) at all appropriate distances. The calibrations produce values that are defined as the “equivalent free space antenna factor.” The calibration procedure corrects for the presence of the reflection of the antenna in the ground plane, giving the value that would be measured if the antenna were in “free space.”

Step 1. Once the Site Master Software Tools has been opened, select Antenna Editor

from the Tools menu on the tool bar. A pop-up box will appear on the screen of the PC.

Step 2. Click on “Edit Antenna” to enter an antenna name, description, frequencies, and

antenna factors. Enter the frequencies in ascending order, starting with lowest frequency first. A maximum of 60 antenna factors may be entered. Use the ar row keys on the keyboard to move between entries.

NOTES: Only one input of frequency and antenna factor is allowed per row. Multiple antenna factors for a single antenna must be entered individually. For example, an antenna having an antenna factor of 5 from 2.0 to 2.25 GHz and an antenna factor of 4 from 2.25 to 2.5 GHz should be entered as follows:

Frequency (MHz) Antenna Factor

2000 5 2251 4 2500 4

If necessary, an antenna factor of zero (0) may be entered.

Step 3. Select Save from the File menu to save the antenna factors to the hard disk.

7-7

Chapter 7 Software Tools Program

Uploading Antenna Factors

To upload antenna information from Software Tools to the Site Master:

Step 1. Connect the RS232 cable between the PC and the Site Master. Step 2. Click on the

menu). It is important to note that the Site Master must sweep very quickly dur ing the data transfer, at least every 5 seconds, or the Software Tools program may “time-out.” To improve the chances of a successful upload, increase the RBW and VBW settings to the maximum.

Step 3. To determine if the antenna information has been successfully uploaded to the

Site Master, press the measure function key (#4 key) and activate the field strength measurement by pressing the ON/OFF soft key.

Upload button on the tool bar (or select Upload from the Tools

Creating a Database

A single trace or a block of traces can be transferred from the Site Master to the PC. A sep arate database can be created for each cellular site. The site name can be used as the data base name.

Step 1. Select the Step 2. Open an existing database or create a new database with a descriptive filename

that represents the site name.

Once the database has been created, files can be saved and site information can be added, such as Plot Description, Date/Time, Operator, record/trace number and session description (Transmitter type etc.)

Individual plots will be labeled with the Database Site Name. Each record has its own plot description and measurement type (for example, Return Loss-antenna, Return Loss-cable, and DTF-Return Loss).

File menu and select the Database.

Printing Formats

One to multiple plots per page can be set up under the print format in Site Master Software Tools. Orientation of how the plots are printed on the page can be changed from vertical to horizontal.

7-8

Appendix A Reference Data

Coaxial Cable Technical Data

Table A-1 provides a standard listing of common coaxial cables along with their Relative Propagation Velocity and Nominal Attenuation values in dB/m @1000, 2000, and 2500 MHz. (N/A indicates that the specification is not applicable to the listed cable.)

Table A-1. Coaxial Cable Technical Data (1 of 3)

Relative

Manufacturer Cable Type

Andrew FSJ1-50A 0.84 0.197 0.285 0.323 Andrew FSJ2-50 0.83 0.134 0.196 0.224 Andrew FSJ4-50B 0.81 0.119 0.176 0.202 Andrew LDF4-50A 0.88 0.077 0.113 0.133 Andrew LDF5-50A 0.89 0.043 0.064 0.077 Andrew LDF6-50 0.89 0.032 0.048 0.056 Andrew LDF7-50A 0.88 0.027 0.041 0.047 Andrew LDF12-50 0.88 0.022 0.035 N/A Andrew HJ4-50 0.914 0.087 0.126 0.15 Andrew HJ4.5-50 0.92 0.054 0.079 0.084 Andrew HJ5-50 0.916 0.042 0.063 0.07 Andrew HJ7-50A 0.921 0.023 0.034 0.04 Andrew HJ12-50 0.931 0.019 0.029 N/A Belden RG8, 8A 0.659 0.262 N/A N/A Belden RG9, 9A 0.659 0.289 N/A N/A Belden RG17, 17A 0.659 0.18 N/A N/A Belden RG55, 55A, 55B 0.659 0.541 N/A N/A Belden RG58, 58B 0.659 0.558 N/A N/A Belden RG58A, 58C 0.659 0.787 N/A N/A Belden RG142 0.659 0.443 N/A N/A Belden RG174 0.659 0.984 N/A N/A Belden RG178B 0.659 1.509 N/A N/A Belden RG188 0.659 1.017 N/A N/A Belden RG213 0.659 0.292 N/A N/A Belden RG214 0.659 0.292 N/A N/A Belden RG223 0.659 0.535 N/A N/A

Propagation

Velocity (Vf)

Nominal

Attenuation

dB/m @

1000 MHz

Nominal

Attenuation

dB/m @

2000 MHz

Attenuation

Nominal

dB/m @

2500 MHz

A-1

Appendix A Reference Data

Table A-1. Coaxial Cable Technical Data (2 of 3)

Relative

Manufacturer Cable Type

Cablewave HCC12-50J 0.915 0.087 0.126 0.137 Cablewave HCC78-50J 0.915 0.041 0.061 0.066 Cablewave HCC158-50J 0.95 0.022 0.031 0.033 Cablewave HCC300-50J 0.96 0.015 N/A N/A Cablewave HCC312-50J 0.96 0.013 N/A N/A Cablewave HF 4-1/8” Cu2Y 0.97 0.01 N/A N/A Cablewave HF 5” Cu2Y 0.96 0.007 N/A N/A Cablewave HF 6-1/8” Cu2Y 0.97 0.006 N/A N/A Cablewave FLC 38-50J 0.88 0.115 0.169 0.19 Cablewave FLC 12-50J 0.88 0.072 0.11 0.134 Cablewave FLC 78-50J 0.88 0.041 0.061 0.072 Cablewave FLC114-50J 0.88 0.033 0.05 0.059 Cablewave FLC158-50J 0.88 0.025 0.038 0.042

Comscope CR50 540 PE 0.88 0.069 0.103 0.116 Comscope CR50 1070PE 0.88 0.037 0.055 0.064 Comscope CR50 1873PE 0.88 0.022 0.0344 0.04 NK Cables RF ½” -50 0.88 0.0757 0.112 0.127 NK Cables RF ½” -50 GHF 0.88 0.0757 0.112 0.127 NK Cables RF ½” -50 BHF 0.88 0.0757 0.112 0.127 NK Cables RF 5/8”-50 0.88 0.0518 0.0768 0.087

NK Cables

NK Cables NK Cables RF 7/8”-50 0.88 0.0413 0.062 0.07 NK Cables

NK Cables NK Cables RF 1 5/8” -50 0.88 0.0248 0.038 0.044 NK Cables

NK Cables NK Cables RF 2 ¼” -50 0.88 0.021 0.034 N/A NK Cables

RF 5/8”-50

GHF”

RF 5/8”-50

BHF”

RF 7/8”-50

GHF”

RF 7/8”-50

BHF”

RF 1 5/8” -50

GHF”

RF 1 5/8” -50

BHF”

RF2¼”-50

GHF

Propagation

Velocity (Vf)

0.88 0.0518 0.0768 0.087

0.88 0.0413 0.062 0.07

0.88 0.0248 0.038 0.044

0.88 0.021 0.034 N/A

Nominal

Attenuation

dB/m @

1000 MHz

Nominal

Attenuation

dB/m @

2000 MHz

Nominal

Attenuation

dB/m @

2500 MHz

A-2

Table A-1. Coaxial Cable Technical Data (3 of 3)

Appendix A Reference Data

Relative

Manufacturer Cable Type

NK Cables NK Cables RFF 3/8” -50 0.81 0.147 0.218 0.25 NK Cables

NK Cables NK Cables RFF ½” -50 0.82 0.112 0.167 0.19 NK Cables

NK Cables NK Cables RFF 7/8” -50 0.84 0.052 0.078 0.089 NK Cables

NK Cables

Times LMR100 0.8 0.792 1.15 1.31 Times LMR200 0.83 0.344 0.49 0.554 Times LMR240 0.84 0.262 0.377 0.424 Times LMR400 0.85 0.135 0.196 0.222 Times LMR500 0.86 0.109 0.159 0.18 Times LMR600 0.87 0.087 0.128 0.145 Times LMR900 0.87 0.056 0.086 0.098 Times LMR1200 0.88 0.044 0.065 0.074 Times LMR1700 0.89 0.033 0.049 0.056

- 310801 0.821 0.115 N/A N/A

- 311201 0.82 0.18 N/A N/A

- 311501 0.8 0.23 N/A N/A

- 311601 0.8 0.262 N/A N/A

- 311901 0.8 0.377 N/A N/A

- 352001 0.8 0.377 N/A N/A

RF2¼”-50

BHF

RFF 3/8” -50

GHF

RFF 3/8” -50

BHF

RFF ½” -50

GHF

RFF ½” -50

BHF

RFF 7/8” -50

GHF

RFF 7/8” -50

BHF

Propagation

Velocity (Vf)

0.88 0.021 0.034 N/A

0.81 0.147 0.218 0.25

0.82 0.112 0.167 0.19

0.84 0.052 0.078 0.089

Nominal

Attenuation

dB/m @

1000 MHz

Nominal

Attenuation

dB/m @

2000 MHz

Nominal

Attenuation

dB/m @

2500 MHz

A-3/A-4

Appendix B Windowing

Introduction

The Distance sub-menu (page 2-10) provides for setting the cable loss and relative propaga tion velocity of the coaxial cable. The WINDOW key opens a menu of FFT windowing types for the DTF calculation.

The theoretical requirement for inverse FFT is for the data to extend from zero frequency to infinity. Side lobes appear around a discontinuity due to the fact that the spectrum is cut off at a finite frequency. Windowing reduces the side lobes by smoothing out the sharp transi tions at the beginning and at the end of the frequency sweep. As the side lobes are reduced the main lobe widens thereby reducing the resolution.

In situations where there may be a small discontinuity close to a large one, side lobe reduc tion windowing should be used. When distance resolution is critical windowing can be re duced.

Examples

The types of windowing in order of increasing side lobe reduction are: rectangular, nominal side lobe, low side lobe, and minimum side lobe. Figures B-1 thru B-4 show examples of the types of windowing.

D i s t a n c e T o F a u l t

- 5

- 1 0

- 1 5

- 2 0

- 2 5

R e t u r n L o s s ( d B )

Figure B-1. Rectangular Windowing Example

- 3 0

- 3 5

- 4 0

- 4 5

- 5 0

1 0

1 5

2 5

2 0

3 0 3 5 4 0

F e e t

4 5 5 0

5 5 6 0

B-1

Appendix B Windowing

R e t u r n L o s s ( d B )

D i s t a n c e T o F a u l t

- 5

- 1 0

- 1 5

- 2 0

- 2 5

- 3 0

- 3 5

- 4 0

- 4 5

- 5 0

1 0

2 0 2 5

1 5

Figure B-2. Nominal Side Lobe Windowing Example

- 5

- 1 0

- 1 5

- 2 0

- 2 5

R e t u r n L o s s ( d B )

- 3 0

- 3 5

- 4 0

- 4 5

3 0

F e e t

D i s t a n c e T o F a u l t

3 5

4 5

4 0

5 5

5 0

6 0

- 5 0

5 1 0

1 5

Figure B-3. Low Side Lobe Windowing Example

B-2

2 0 2 5 3 0

3 5 4 0 4 5

F e e t

5 0 5 5

6 0

Appendix B Windowing

D i s t a n c e T o F a u l t

- 5

- 1 0

- 1 5

- 2 0

- 2 5

R e t u r n L o s s ( d B )

- 3 0

- 3 5

- 4 0

- 4 5

- 5 0

1 0

2 0 2 5

1 5

Figure B-4. Minimum Side Lobe Windowing Example

3 0 3 5 4 0

F e e t

4 5

5 5 6 0

5 0

B-3/B-4

Anritsu S114C, S113C, S331C, S332C User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual