To properly use the product, read this manual thoroughly and retain
for easy reference, inspection, and maintenance. Ensure the end user
receives this manual.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means,
mechanical, electronic, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of Yaskawa. No patent
liability is assumed with respect to the use of the information contained herein. Moreover, because Yaskawa is constantly
striving to improve its high-quality products, the information contained in this manual is subject to change without notice.
Every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this manual. Yaskawa assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions.
Neither is any liability assumed for damages resulting from the use of the information contained in this publication.
Table of Contents
i.PREFACE & GENERAL SAFETY.................................................................. 13
This section provides safety messages pertinent to this product that, if not heeded, may result in fatality,
personal injury, or equipment damage. Yaskawa is not responsible for the consequences of ignoring
these instructions.
Yaskawa manufactures products used as components in a wide variety of industrial systems and equipment. The selection and
application of Yaskawa products remain the responsibility of the equipment manufacturer or end user. Yaskawa accepts no
responsibility for the way its products are incorporated into the final system design. Under no circumstances should any
Yaskawa product be incorporated into any product or design as the exclusive or sole safety control. Without exception, all
controls should be designed to detect faults dynamically and fail safely under all circumstances. All systems or equipment
designed to incorporate a product manufactured by Yaskawa must be supplied to the end user with appropriate warnings and
instructions as to the safe use and operation of that part. Any warnings provided by Yaskawa must be promptly provided to
the end user. Yaskawa offers an express warranty only as to the quality of its products in conforming to standards and
specifications published in the Yaskawa manual. NO OTHER WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, IS OFFERED.
Yaskawa assumes no liability for any personal injury, property damage, losses, or claims arising from misapplication of its
products.
This manual is designed to ensure correct and suitable application of the P1000 Bypass. Read this manual before attempting
to install, operate, maintain, or inspect the bypass unit and keep it in a safe, convenient location for future reference. Be sure
you understand all precautions and safety information before attempting application.
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Product Description
The P1000 Bypass provides a means of bypassing the drive while allowing the motor to operate at full speed, directly from
the AC line. It incorporates an AC Drive and a three-contactor bypass arrangement in a single UL listed enclosure. The two
electrically interlocked IEC rated drive output and bypass contactors isolate the drive from the load when operating in Bypass
mode. An IEC rated drive input contactor also isolates the drive from the line when operating in Bypass mode.
Control logic provides industry standard Hand/Off/Auto functions, BAS Interlock, and safety circuit interlocks in both Drive
and Bypass operating modes.
Bypass components include: a fused 120 Vac control circuit transformer, drive input fuses, motor overload, and an HOA
keypad with LCD display.
The P1000 drive, a component of the P1000 Bypass package, is a pulse width modulated drive for three-phase AC induction
motors. This type of drive is also known as an adjustable frequency drive, variable frequency drive, AC Drive, AFD, ASD,
VFD, and inverter.
The drive is a variable torque AC drive, designed specifically for fans, blowers, and pumps.
The P1000 Bypass has BACnet and Modbus® embedded communications.
The LCD keypad/operator is equipped with Hand/Off/Auto functions. Optional DriveWizard software allows upload/
download, as well as graphing and monitoring of drive parameters from a PC for ease of drive management.
Built-in PI control eliminates the need for closed loop output signals from a building automation system. It includes feedback
display, inverse, square root and differential control functions, and maintains setpoint for closed loop control of fans and pumps
for pressure, flow, or temperature regulation. An additional independent PI control is also provided for external devices.
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Applicable Documentation
The following manuals are available for the P1000 Bypass:
P1000 Bypass Technical Manual (SIEPYAIP1B01)
Read this manual first. This manual is packaged together with the product and contains basic information required to install
and wire the bypass. It also gives detailed information on fault diagnostics, parameter settings, and BACnet specifications.
The purpose of this manual is to prepare the P1000 Bypass for a trial run with an application and for basic operation. This
manual is also available for download on the Yaskawa documentation website, www.yaskawa.com.
P1000-Series AC Drive Quick Start Guide (TOEPYAIP1U01)
This manual contains basic information required to install and wire the drive. It also gives detailed information on fault
diagnostics, parameter settings, and BACnet specifications. The purpose of this manual is to prepare the drive for a trial
run with an application and for basic operation. This manual is available for download on the Yaskawa documentation
website, www.yaskawa.com.
P1000-Series AC Drive Technical Manual (SIEPYAIP1U01)
This manual provides detailed information on parameter settings, drive functions, maintenance, and MEMOBUS/Modbus
specifications. Use this manual to expand drive functionality. This manual is available for download on the Yaskawa
documentation website, www.yaskawa.com.
• The diagrams in this manual may be indicated without covers or safety shields to show details. Replace the covers or shields before
operating the drive and run the drive according to the instructions described in this manual.
• Any illustrations, photographs, or examples used in this manual are provided as examples only and may not apply to all products to
which this manual is applicable.
• The products and specifications described in this manual or the content and presentation of the manual may be changed without notice
to improve the product and/or the manual.
• When ordering a new copy of the manual due to damage or loss, contact your Yaskawa representative or the nearest Yaskawa sales
office and provide the manual number shown on the front cover.
• If nameplate becomes worn or damaged, order a replacement from your Yaskawa representative or the nearest Yaskawa sales office.
WARNING
Read and understand this manual before installing, operating or servicing this bypass. The bypass must be installed according
to this manual and local codes.
The following conventions are used to indicate safety messages in this manual. Failure to heed these messages could result
in serious or fatal injury or damage to the products or to related equipment and systems.
DANGER
Indicates a hazardous situation, which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury.
WARNING
Indicates a hazardous situation, which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.
WARNING! may also be indicated by a bold key word embedded in the text followed by an italicized safety message.
CAUTION
Indicates a hazardous situation, which, if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury.
CAUTION! may also be indicated by a bold key word embedded in the text followed by an italicized safety message.
NOTICE
Indicates a property damage message.
NOTICE: may also be indicated by a bold key word embedded in the text followed by an italicized safety message.
Failure to comply will result in death or serious injury.
The operating company is responsible for any injuries or equipment damage resulting from failure to heed the warnings in
this manual.
Electrical Shock Hazard
Before servicing, disconnect all power to the equipment.
The internal capacitor remains charged even after the power supply is turned off. The charge indicator LED will extinguish
when the DC bus voltage is below 50 Vdc. To prevent electric shock, wait for at least the time specified on the warning label,
once all indicators are OFF, measure for unsafe voltages to confirm the drive is safe prior to servicing.
Failure to comply will result in death or serious injury.
WARNING
Sudden Movement Hazard
System may start unexpectedly upon application of power, resulting in death or serious injury.
Clear all personnel from the drive, motor and machine area before applying power. Secure covers, couplings, shaft keys and
machine loads before applying power to the drive.
Electrical Shock Hazard
Do not attempt to modify or alter the drive in any way not explained in this manual.
Failure to comply could result in death or serious injury.
Yaskawa is not responsible for any modification of the product made by the user. This product must not be modified.
Do not allow unqualified personnel to use equipment.
Failure to comply could result in death or serious injury.
Maintenance, inspection, and replacement of parts must be performed only by authorized personnel familiar with installation,
adjustment and maintenance of AC drives.
Do not remove covers or touch circuit boards while the power is on.
Failure to comply could result in death or serious injury.
Make sure the protective earthing conductor complies with technical standards and local safety regulations.
Because the leakage current exceeds 3.5 mA in models 4A0414 and larger, IEC/EN 61800-5-1 states that either the power
supply must be automatically disconnected in case of discontinuity of the protective earthing conductor or a protective
earthing conductor with a cross-section of at least 10 mm2 (Cu) or 16 mm2 (Al) must be used. Failure to comply may result
in death or serious injury.
Always use appropriate equipment for Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCIs).
The drive can cause a residual current with a DC component in the protective earthing conductor. Where a residual current
operated protective or monitoring device is used for protection in case of direct or indirect contact, always use a type B GFCI
according to IEC/EN 60755.
Fire Hazard
Do not use an improper voltage source.
Failure to comply could result in death or serious injury by fire.
Verify that the rated voltage of the drive matches the voltage of the incoming power supply before applying power.
Install according to applicable local codes and this Installation Manual. Failure to comply could result in fire and
damage to the drive or injury to personnel.
The Bypass includes branch circuit protection and is suitable for use on a circuit capable of delivering not more than 65,000
RMS symmetrical amperes (100,000 RMS with 100 kA Input Circuit Breaker option (PM) added), 208 Vac maximum and
480 Vac maximum.
Crush Hazard
Do not use this drive in lifting applications without installing external safety circuitry to prevent accidental dropping
of the load.
The drive does not possess built-in load drop protection for lifting applications.
Failure to comply could result in death or serious injury from falling loads.
Install electrical and/or mechanical safety circuit mechanisms independent of drive circuitry.
NOTICE
Observe proper electrostatic discharge procedures (ESD) when handling the drive and circuit boards.
Failure to comply may result in ESD damage to the drive circuitry.
Do not perform a withstand voltage test on any part of the drive.
Failure to comply could result in damage to the sensitive devices within the drive.
Do not operate damaged equipment.
Failure to comply could result in further damage to the equipment.
Do not connect or operate any equipment with visible damage or missing parts.
If a fuse is blown or a Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) is tripped, check the wiring and the selection of the
peripheral devices.
Contact your supplier if the cause cannot be identified after checking the above.
Do not restart the drive immediately operate the peripheral devices if a fuse is blown or a GFCI is tripped.
Check the wiring and the selection of peripheral devices to identify the cause. Contact your supplier before restarting the
drive or the peripheral devices if the cause cannot be identified.
Do not expose the drive to halogen group disinfectants.
Failure to comply may cause damage to the electrical components in the drive.
Do not pack the drive in wooden materials that have been fumigated or sterilized.
Do not sterilize the entire package after the product is packed.
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General Application Precautions
Selection
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Installing a Reactor
Use an AC reactor or DC link choke in the following situations:
• to suppress harmonic current.
• to smooth peak current that results from capacitor switching.
• when the power supply is above 600 kVA.
• when the drive is running from a power supply system with thyristor converters.
Note:A DC link choke is built in to models B052 to B590 and D088 to D396.
For specialized motors, make sure that the motor rated current is less than the rated output current for the drive.
When running more than one motor in parallel from a single drive, the capacity of the drive should be larger than [total motor
rated current × 1.1].
Starting Torque
The overload rating for the drive determines the starting and accelerating characteristics of the motor. Expect lower torque
than when running from line power. To get more starting torque, use a larger drive or increase both the motor and drive capacity.
Emergency Stop
During a drive fault condition, the output shuts off but the motor does not stop immediately. A mechanical brake may be
required when it is necessary to stop the motor faster than the ability of the Fast Stop function of the drive.
Options
NOTICE: The B1, B2, ⊖, ⊕1, ⊕2, and ⊕3 terminals are used to connect optional drive-specific compatible devices only. Connecting non-
Yaskawa-approved devices to these terminals may damage the drive.
Repetitive Starting/Stopping
Laundry machines, punching presses, and other applications with frequent starts and stops often approach 150% of their rated
current values. Heat stress generated from repetitive high current will shorten the life span of the IGBTs.
Yaskawa recommends lowering the carrier frequency, particularly when audible noise is not a concern. It is beneficial to
reduce the load, increase the acceleration and deceleration times, or switch to a larger drive to help keep peak current levels
under 150%. Be sure to check the peak current levels when starting and stopping repeatedly during the initial test run, and
make adjustments accordingly.
Installation
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Enclosure Panels
Keep the drive in a clean environment by installing the drive in an enclosure panel or selecting an installation area free of
airborne dust, lint, and oil mist. Be sure to leave the required space between drives to provide for cooling, and take proper
measures so the ambient temperature remains within allowable limits and keep flammable materials away from the drive.
Yaskawa offers protective designs for drives that must be used in areas subjected to oil mist and excessive vibration. Contact
Yaskawa or your Yaskawa agent for details.
Installation Direction
NOTICE: Install the drive upright as specified in the manual. Refer to Mechanical Installation on page 38 for more information on
installation. Failure to comply may damage the drive due to improper cooling.
Settings
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Upper Limits
NOTICE: The drive is capable of running the motor up to 400 Hz. Be sure to set the upper limit for the frequency of the drive to prevent the
possible danger of accidentally operating equipment at higher than rated speed. The default setting for the maximum output frequency is
60 Hz.
DC Injection Braking
NOTICE: Excessive current during DC Injection Braking and excessive duration of DC Injection Braking can cause motor overheat.
Acceleration and deceleration times are affected by the amount of torque generated by the motor, the load torque, and the
inertia moment. Set a longer accel/decel time when Stall Prevention is enabled. The accel/decel times are lengthened for as
long as the Stall Prevention function is in operation. Install one of the available braking options or increase the capacity of the
drive for faster acceleration and deceleration.
General Handling
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Wiring Check
NOTICE: Do not connect power supply lines to output terminals U/T1, V/T2, or W/T3. Failure to comply will destroy the drive. Be sure to
perform a final check of all sequence wiring and other connections before turning on the power and also check for short circuits on the
control terminals, which may damage the drive.
Inspection and Maintenance
WARNING! Electrical Shock Hazard. Capacitors in the drive do not immediately discharge after shutting off the power. Wait for at least the
amount of time specified on the drive before touching any components after shutting off the power. Failure to comply may cause injury to
personnel from electrical shock.
Transporting the Drive
NOTICE: Never steam clean the drive. During transport, keep the drive from coming into contact with salts, fluorine, bromine, phthalate
ester, and other such harmful chemicals.
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Motor Application Precautions
Insulation Tolerance
NOTICE: Consider motor voltage tolerance levels and motor insulation in applications with an input voltage of over 480 V or particularly
long wiring distances.
High-Speed Operation
NOTICE: Problems may occur with the motor bearings and dynamic balance of the machine when operating a motor beyond its rated speed.
Contact the motor or machine manufacturer.
Torque Characteristics
Torque characteristics differ compared to operating the motor directly from line power. The user should have a full
understanding of the load torque characteristics for the application.
Vibration and Shock
The drive allows selection of high carrier PWM control and low carrier PWM. Selecting high carrier PWM can help reduce
motor oscillation.
Take particular caution when adding a variable speed drive to an application running a motor from line power at a constant
speed. If resonance occurs, install shock-absorbing isolation mounts around the base of the motor and enable the Jump
frequency selection to prevent continuous operation in the resonant frequency range.
Audible Noise
The audible noise of the motor varies based on the carrier frequency setting. However, drive current derating may be required.
When using a high carrier frequency, audible noise from the motor is comparable to the motor noise generated when running
from line power.
Specialized Motors
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Multi-Pole Motor
The rated current of a multi-pole motor differs from that of a standard motor, so be sure to check the maximum current when
selecting a drive. Always stop the motor before switching between the number of motor poles. The motor will coast to stop if
a regen overvoltage (ov) fault occurs or if overcurrent (oC) protection is triggered.
Submersible Motor
The rated current of a submersible motor is greater than that of a standard motor, so select the drive capacity accordingly. Use
a motor cable large enough to avoid decreasing the maximum torque level from voltage drop caused by a long motor cable.
Explosion-Proof Motor
The motor and the drive must be tested together to be certified as explosion-proof. The drive is not designed for explosionproof areas.
Make sure that the gear and the lubricant are rated for the desired speed range to avoid gear damage when operating at low
speeds or very high speeds. Consult with the manufacturer for applications that require operation outside the rated speed range
of the motor or gear box.
Single-Phase Motor
Variable speed drives are not designed to operate with single phase motors. Using capacitors to start the motor causes excessive
current to flow and can damage drive components. A split-phase start or a repulsion start can burn out the starter coils because
the internal centrifugal switch is not activated. The drive is for use with three-phase motors only.
Motor with Brake
Take caution when using the drive to operate a motor with a built-in holding brake. If the brake is connected to the output side
of the drive, it may not release at start due to low voltage levels, so be sure to install a separate power supply for the motor
brake. Note that motors with built-in brakes tend to generate a fair amount of noise when running at low speeds.
Customers are responsible for periodic inspections of the drive. Upon request, a Yaskawa representative will inspect the drive
for a fee. If the Yaskawa representative finds the drive to be defective due to Yaskawa workmanship or materials and the
defect occurs during the warranty period, this inspection fee will be waived and the problem remedied free of charge.
Repairs
If a Yaskawa product is found to be defective due to Yaskawa workmanship or materials and the defect occurs during the
warranty period, Yaskawa will provide a replacement, repair the defective product, and provide shipping to and from the site
free of charge.
However, if the Yaskawa Authorized Service Center determines that the problem with the drive is not due to defective
workmanship or materials, the customer will be responsible for the cost of any necessary repairs. Some problems that are
outside the scope of this warranty are:
Problems due to improper maintenance or handling, carelessness, or other reasons where the customer is determined to be
responsible.
Problems due to additions or modifications made to a Yaskawa product without Yaskawa’s understanding.
Problems due to the use of a Yaskawa product under conditions that do not meet the recommended specifications.
Problems caused by natural disaster or fire.
After the free warranty period elapses.
Replenishment or replacement of consumables or expendables.
Defective products due to packaging or fumigation.
Other problems not due to defects in Yaskawa workmanship or materials.
Warranty service is only applicable within the country where the product was purchased. However, after-sales service is
available for customers outside of the country where the product was purchased for a reasonable fee.
Contact your local Yaskawa representative for more information.
Exceptions
Any inconvenience to the customer or damage to non-Yaskawa products due to Yaskawa’s defective products whether within
or outside of the warranty period are NOT covered by warranty.
Restrictions
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The drive is not designed or manufactured for use in devices or systems that may directly affect or threaten human lives or
health.
Customers who intend to use the product described in this manual for devices or systems relating to transportation, health
care, space aviation, atomic power, electric power, or in underwater applications must first contact their Yaskawa
representatives or the nearest Yaskawa sales office.
WARNING! Injury to Personnel. This product has been manufactured under strict quality-control guidelines. However, if this product is to
be installed in any location where failure of this product could involve or result in a life-and-death situation or loss of human life or in a facility
where failure may cause a serious accident or physical injury, safety devices must be installed to minimize the likelihood of any accident.
Observe proper electrostatic discharge procedures (ESD) when handling the drive and circuit boards.
Failure to comply may result in ESD damage to the drive circuitry.
A motor connected to a PWM drive may operate at a higher temperature than a utility-fed motor and the operating
speed range may reduce motor cooling capacity.
Ensure that the motor is suitable for drive duty and/or the motor service factor is adequate to accommodate the additional
heating with the intended operating conditions.
Please perform the following tasks after receiving the P1000 Bypass
• Inspect the P1000 Bypass for damage.
If the P1000 Bypass appears damaged upon receipt, contact the shipper immediately.
• Verify receipt of the correct model by checking the information on the nameplate.
• If you have received the wrong model or the P1000 Bypass does not function properly, contact your supplier.
If you find any irregularities in the above items, contact the shipping company, the distributor or representative you purchased
the P1000 Bypass from or your Yaskawa office immediately. The P1000 Bypass is thoroughly tested at the factory. Any
damages or shortages evident when the equipment is received must be reported immediately to the commercial carrier that
transported the material. Shipping damage is not covered by the Yaskawa warranty. After unpacking and inspecting for damage,
verify that internal wire connections have not come loose during shipment by spot checking wire terminations with a
screwdriver or the appropriate tool. P1000 Bypass storage must be in a clean and dry location. Maintain the factory packaging
and provide covering as needed to protect the P1000 Bypass from construction site dirt, water, debris and traffic prior to and
during construction.
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Drive Nameplate
A – Normal Duty Amps
B – Software version
C – Enclosure type
D – Serial number
E – Lot number
F – Output specifications
G – Input specifications
H – AC drive model