Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit Board User Guide
UG334 (v1.0) May 28, 2007
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Revision History
The following table shows the revision history for this document.
Date Version Revision
05/28/07 1.0 Initial Xilinx release.
Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit Board User Guide www.xilinx.com UG334 (v1.0) May 28, 2007
Table of Contents
Preface: About This Guide
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Guide Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Additional Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Chapter 1: Introduction and Overview
Getting Started. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Operating the Default Demonstration Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
VGA Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Rotary Knob/Push-Button Menu System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Select MultiBoot Configuration Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Scroll or Rotate Graphic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Scroll or Scale Graphic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Restart AutoPilot, Speaker Volume Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
LCD Screen Control Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Power-Saving Suspend Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
RS-232 Serial Port Control Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Key Components and Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Design Trade-Offs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Configuration Methods Galore! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Voltages for all Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit Design Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Choose a Spartan-3 Generation Starter Kit Board for your Needs . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Spartan-3A/3AN FPGA Features and Embedded Processing Functions . . . . . . . . . . 22
Other Spartan-3 Generation Development Boards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Spartan-3A and Spartan-3AN FPGAs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Related Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Chapter 2: Switches, Buttons, and Rotary Knob
Slide Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Locations and Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
UCF Location Constraints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
SUSPEND Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Push-Button Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Locations and Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
PROG_B Push-Button Switch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
UCF Location Constraints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Rotary Push-Button Switch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Locations and Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Push-Button Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
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Rotary Shaft Encoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
UCF Location Constraints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Discrete LEDs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Locations and Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
UCF Location Constraints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Optional Discrete LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
AWAKE LED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
INIT_B LED. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
UCF Location Constraints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Chapter 3: Clock Sources
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Clock Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
50 MHz On-Board Oscillator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Auxiliary Clock Oscillator Socket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
SMA Clock Input or Output Connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
UCF Constraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Clock Period Constraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Related Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
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Chapter 4: FPGA Configuration Options
Configuration Mode Jumpers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Xilinx Platform Flash Configuration PROM(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
PROG Push-Button Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
DONE Pin LED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Programming the FPGA or Platform Flash PROM via USB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Connecting the USB Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Platform Flash Programming Example in Spartan-3 Generation Configuration
User Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Chapter 5: Character LCD Screen
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Character LCD Interface Signals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Voltage Compatibility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
UCF Location Constraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
LCD Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Memory Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
DD RAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
CG ROM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
CG RAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Command Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Disabled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Clear Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Return Cursor Home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Entry Mode Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
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Display On/Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Cursor and Display Shift . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Function Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Set CG RAM Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Set DD RAM Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Read Busy Flag and Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Write Data to CG RAM or DD RAM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Read Data from CG RAM or DD RAM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Four-Bit Data Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Transferring Eight-Bit Data over the Four-Bit Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Initializing the Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Power-On Initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Display Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Writing Data to the Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Disabling the Unused LCD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Related Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Chapter 6: VGA Display Port
Signal Timing for a 60 Hz, 640x480 VGA Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
VGA Signal Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
UCF Location Constraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Related Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Chapter 7: RS-232 Serial Ports
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
UCF Location Constraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Chapter 8: PS/2 Mouse/Keyboard Port
Keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Mouse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Voltage Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Adding a Second PS/2 Port Using a Y-Splitter Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
UCF Location Constraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Related Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Chapter 9: Analog Capture Circuit
Digital Outputs from Analog Inputs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Programmable Pre-Amplifier. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Programmable Gain. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
SPI Control Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
UCF Location Constraints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
SPI Control Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
UCF Location Constraints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
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Connecting Analog Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Related Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Chapter 10: Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC)
SPI Communication. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Interface Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
SPI Communication Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Communication Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Specifying the DAC Output Voltage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
UCF Location Constraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Related Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Chapter 11: Parallel NOR Flash PROM
Flash Connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Shared SPI Flash and Platform Flash Data Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
UCF Location Constraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Setting the FPGA Mode Select Pins. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Creating and Programming Configuration Images for Parallel Flash . . . . . . . . . 89
Related Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
R
Chapter 12: SPI Serial Flash
SPI Flash PROM Select Jumpers (J1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Shared SPI Flash and Platform Flash Data Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Jumper Settings to Configure FPGA from Selected SPI Flash PROM . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
UCF Location Constraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Creating and Programming Configuration Images for SPI Serial Flash . . . . . . . 95
SPI Flash PROM Programming Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Direct Programming Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Using Embedded USB JTAG Programmer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Using a Separate JTAG Parallel Programming Cable (Optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Direct SPI Flash Programming Using iMPACT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Indirect Programming Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Jumper Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Indirect SPI Flash Programming Using iMPACT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Related Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Chapter 13: DDR2 SDRAM
DDR2 SDRAM Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
UCF Location Constraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Reserve FPGA V
Special Layout Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
REF
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Related Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Chapter 14: 10/100 Ethernet Physical Layer Interface
Ethernet PHY Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
MicroBlaze Ethernet IP Cores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
UCF Location Constraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Related Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Chapter 15: Expansion Connectors
Hirose 100-Pin FX2 Edge Connector (J17) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Expansion Connector Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Voltage Supplies to the Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Connector Pinout and FPGA Connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
FX2-Connector Compatible Boards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Mating Receptacle Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
UCF Location Constraints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Differential I/O Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Using Differential Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Using Differential Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Differential Trace Layout Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
34-Conductor Cable Assemblies (2x17) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
UCF Location Constraints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Six-Pin Accessory Headers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
J18 Header . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
J19 Header . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
J20 Header . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Digilent Peripheral Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
UCF Location Constraints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Connectorless Debugging Port Landing Pads (J34) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Chapter 16: Miniature Stereo Audio Jack
Supported Audio Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
FPGA Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
UCF Location Constraints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Related Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Chapter 17: Voltage Supplies
Measuring Power Across Voltage Supply Jumpers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
I2C Voltage Adjustment Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Possible Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Restoring Default Voltages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
UCF Location Constraints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Related Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
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About This Guide
This user guide provides basic information on the Spartan™-3A/3AN Starter Kit board
capabilities, functions, and design. It includes general information on how to use the
various peripheral functions included on the board. For detailed reference designs,
including VHDL or Verilog source code, please visit the following web link.
• Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit Board Web Page
http://www.xilinx.com/s3
There are multiple versions of the Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit. This document describes
the three kits that include the “Revision D” Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit Board, which is an
updated version of the “Revision C” Spartan-3A Starter Kit Board. The following table
describes the different kits.
Preface
astarter and http://www.xilinx.com/s3anstarter
Feature
Part
Number
Device XC3S700AN XC3S700A
Board
Revision
DDR2
Memory
User
Guide
Web Pa g e www.xilinx.com/s3anstarter www.xilinx.com/s3addr2 www.xilinx.com/s3astarter
Spartan-3AN
Starter Kit
HW-SPAR3AN-SK-UNI-G
Supported with 133 MHz crystal oscillator in auxiliary socket
Almost all functionality is identical between the Revision C and Revision D boards,
although the silkscreen changes make the two boards look different. The pictures used in
this document are from the Revision D board. If you are using the original Revision C
version of the board, refer to
highlights where to find the board revision code on a Revision C board.
Spartan-3A DDR2 SDRAM
Interface Development Kit
HW-SPAR3ADDR2-DK-
UNI-G
Revision D Revision C
UG334 (this document) UG330
UG330 for pictures and documentation. The following figure
Spartan-3A Starter
Kit, Revision D
HW-SPAR3A-SK-UNI-G
Spartan-3A Starter Kit,
Revision C
Requires board
modification for
improved performance
Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit Board User Guide www.xilinx.com 9
UG334 (v1.0) May 28, 2007
Preface: About This Guide
Acknowledgments
Xilinx wishes to thank the following companies for their support of the Spartan-3A/3AN
Starter Kit board:
• STMicroelectronics for the 32 Mbit parallel NOR Flash and 16 Mbit SPI serial Flash
memories
• Atmel for the 16 Mbit SPI serial DataFlash memory
• Linear Technology for the SPI-compatible A/D and D/A converters and the
programmable pre-amplifier
• SMSC for the 10/100 Ethernet PHY
• National Semiconductor for the four-rail voltage regulators that power the FPGA and
and all peripheral components
• Xilinx, Inc. Configuration Solutions Division for the XCF04S Platform Flash PROM
and support for the embedded USB programmer
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Board Revision Code
REV C
UG334_01_052707
Guide Contents
This manual contains the following chapters:
• Chapter 1, “Introduction and Overview,” provides an overview of the key features of
• Chapter 2, “Switches, Buttons, and Rotary Knob,” defines the switches, buttons, and
• Chapter 3, “Clock Sources,” describes the various clock sources available on the
• Chapter 4, “FPGA Configuration Options,” describes the configuration options for
• Chapter 5, “Character LCD Screen,” describes the functionality of the character LCD
• Chapter 6, “VGA Display Port,” describes the functionality of the VGA port.
• Chapter 7, “RS-232 Serial Ports,” describes the functionality of the RS-232 serial ports.
• Chapter 8, “PS/2 Mouse/Keyboard Port,” describes the functionality of the PS/2
• Chapter 10, “Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC),” describes the functionality of the
the Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit board.
knobs present on the Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit board.
Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit board.
the FPGA on the Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit board.
screen.
mouse and keyboard port.
D/A converter.
10 www.xilinx.com Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit Board User Guide
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• Chapter 9, “Analog Capture Circuit,” describes the functionality of the A/D converter
with a programmable gain pre-amplifier.
• Chapter 11, “Parallel NOR Flash PROM,” describes the functionality of the
STMicroelectronics parallel NOR PROM.
• Chapter 12, “SPI Serial Flash,” describes the functionality of the SPI Serial Flash
memory interface.
• Chapter 13, “DDR2 SDRAM,” describes the functionality of the DDR2 SDRAM
memory interface.
• Chapter 14, “10/100 Ethernet Physical Layer Interface,” describes the functionality of
the 10/100Base-T Ethernet physical layer interface.
• Chapter 15, “Expansion Connectors,” describes the various connectors available on
the Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit board.
• Chapter 16, “Miniature Stereo Audio Jack,” describes the audio interface.
• Chapter 17, “Voltage Supplies,” describes the board’s power distribution system.
Additional Resources
To find additional documentation, see the Xilinx website at:
Additional Resources
http://www.xilinx.com/literature
.
To search the Answer Database of silicon, software, and IP questions and answers, or to
create a technical support WebCase, see the Xilinx website at:
h
ttp://www.xilinx.com/support.
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Preface: About This Guide
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Introduction and Overview
Thank you for purchasing the Xilinx Spartan™-3A/3AN Starter Kit. The board is
invaluable to develop a Spartan-3A or Spartan-3AN FPGA application.
Getting Started
The Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit board is ready for use, right out of the box. The design
stored in external Flash exercises the various I/O devices, such as the VGA display and
serial ports. In addition it demonstrates new FPGA features, such as selectable MultiBoot
and the power-saving Suspend mode.
To start using the board, follow the simple steps outlined in Figure 1-1.
Chapter 1
CHECK JUMPER SETTINGS!
1
Connect AC wall adapter.
5
Turn on power switch.
6
Optional: Connect VGA display.
2
3
RS-232
PS/2
10
9
Optional: Connect headphones
or amplified speakers
4
Set SUSPEND switch
to RUN position.
8
See messages and
7
instructions on LCD
character display.
Figure 1-1: Powering Up the Starter Kit Board
1. Double-check the position of the board jumpers, as shown in Figure 1-2, page 14.
These settings are required for the demonstration design to configure correctly.
2. Optionally connect a VGA display device. The display device can be a CRT, a flatpanel, or even a projector.
3. Optionally connect headphones or amplified speakers to the audio jack.
4. Set the SUSPEND switch to the “RUN” position.
5. Connect the included AC adapter to wall power and also to the board. The AC adapter
also includes attachments to support worldwide locals.
Control operation using
rotary / push-button switch.
UG334_c1_01_052407
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UG334 (v1.0) May 28, 2007
Chapter 1: Introduction and Overview
6. Turn on the power switch.
7. The character LCD and VGA display, if connected, display various informational
messages and instructions. If an audio device is connected, the board offers words of
welcome in a variety of languages.
8. Use the rotary/push-button switch to control various board functions.
9. Optionally connect a PS/2-style keyboard to support one of the included
demonstrating designs.
10. Optionally connect a PC directly to the board using a standard 9-pin serial cable.
Power Supply Jumpers
(all jumpers installed)
Platform Flash Jumper
(jumper removed)
DONE
CE
PROM
GND
J46
R
SPI Flash Select Jumpers
(both jumpers installed, vertically)
J1
J4 2
J13
J12
J10 J9
J4 1
J40
J11
M0
M1
M2
J26
FPGA Mode Select Jumpers
(bottom two jumpers installed)
(SPI Mode)
UG334_c1_02_052707
Figure 1-2: Default Jumper Settings for Starter Kit Board
For more information on the demonstration design, visit the Design Examples web page:
• Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit Demo Design Overview
www.xilinx.com/products/boards/s3astarter/reference_designs.htm#demo
• Restoring the “Out of the Box” Flash Programming
www.xilinx.com/products/boards/s3astarter/reference_designs.htm#out
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Operating the Default Demonstration Design
Operating the Default Demonstration Design
The demonstration design programmed onto the Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit board
provides various output information, depending on what I/O or display devices are
connected. The VGA and audio ports provide the richest experience.
VGA Display
If a VGA display is connected to the board, then the Starter Kit board displays graphics
similar to that shown in Figure 1-3.
Until one of the four push buttons around the rotary knob (Figure 2-5, page 27) is pressed,
the display automatically rotates a graphic image and zooms in and out around the image.
This is called “AutoPilot” mode. A brief text overview describing the board appears along
the left edge. Blue text at the bottom of the screen presents the menu system.
Rotating and Zooming GraphicsText Description
Rotary/Push-Button Menu System
UG330_c1_03_032207
Figure 1-3: Rotating/Zooming Graphics, Menu System Displayed on VGA Screen
Rotary Knob/Push-Button Menu System
The Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit board demonstration design uses the rotary knob and
surrounding push-button switches, shown in Figure 2-5, page 27, to implement a menu
system. The menu display appears in blue text at the bottom of the VGA output. The menu
functions are highlighted in Tab le 1 -1 and Figure 1-4.
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Chapter 1: Introduction and Overview
Table 1-1: Function of Each Menu Control
Press Knob Rotate Knob Press Push Button
R
Move to next menu selection,
next mode.
Start Demonstration Design
Select MultiBoot
Buttons: Load Configuration 1.
Knob Spin: Select Configuration.
Knob Push: More Options ...
Scroll/Rotate Graphic
Buttons: Scroll Image.
Knob Spin: Rotate Image.
Knob Push: More Options ...
Scroll/Scale Graphic
Press Knob
Buttons: Scroll Image.
Knob Spin: Scale Image.
Knob Push: More Options ...
Depends on current mode, as
shown in Figure 1-4.
Power-up board
Press PROG_B button
Press Knob
Press Knob
Depends on current mode, as
shown in Figure 1-4.
Select FPGA
MultiBoot
MultiBoot
MultiBoot
Configuration
MultiBoot
Config. 1
Config. 2
Config. 3
Config. 4
Rotate
Scale
AutoPilot/Volume
Buttons: Restart AutoPilot.
Knob Spin: Adjust Volume.
Knob Push: More Options ...
Figure 1-4: Rotary Knob/Push-Button Menu System
Select MultiBoot Configuration Image
Spartan-3A/3AN FPGAs support a selectable MultiBoot configuration interface. If the
FPGA configures in one of its Master configuration modes, then the FPGA always loads
the configuration image stored at address 0 in Flash at power-up, or whenever the
PROG_B button is pressed.
Spin the rotary knob to select a new FPGA configuration ima ge. The blue text at the bottom
of the display updates with each click of the rotary knob. For example, the application
displays “Buttons: Load Configuration x” where ‘x’ corresponds to the bitstream image
listed in Ta bl e 1- 2. Ta bl e 1 -2 describes the bitstreams preloaded on the board.
After selecting the desired image, press one of the four push-button switches that surround
the rotary knob. This action causes the FPGA to load the selected image from external
Flash memory.
To change to the “Scroll or Rotate Graphic” mode, press the rotary knob.
Press Knob
AutoPilot
AutoPilot
AutoPilot
Volume
AutoPilot
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Operating the Default Demonstration Design
Table 1-2: FPGA Configuration Bitstreams Preprogrammed on the Starter Kit Board
FPGA
Configuration
Bitstream FPGA Application/Reference Design Example
0
(default)
1
2
3
4
Spartan-3AN
FPGA
Starter Kit board demonstration design. Loaded at power-up.
www.xilinx.com/products/boards/s3astarter/reference_designs.htm#demo
Device DNA Reader: Reads the FPGA’s unique Device ID value and displays it on the character LCD
screen.
www.xilinx.com/products/boards/s3astarter/reference_designs.htm#dna_reader
Fractal Generator: Computes fractal images in real time and displays on the VGA port. A usercontributed design by Matthias Alles. Rotate knob to zoom fractal image; press surrounding push
buttons to scroll the image.
www-user.rhrk.uni-kl.de/~alles/fpga/files.htm
ASCII Terminal: Implements a text terminal using an attached VGA display and PS/2 keyboard and
will communicate with HyperTerminal on a PC via an RS-232 serial connection.
Source included in www.xilinx.com/products/boards/s3astarter/reference_designs.htm#out
STMicro M29DW323DT Parallel Flash Programmer: Communicates to a PC using HyperTerminal via
an RS-232 serial connection. Programs, erases, and reads the STMicro M29DW323DT parallel Flash
PROM on the Starter Kit board.
www.xilinx.com/products/boards/s3astarter/reference_designs.htm#parallel_flash_programmer
Internal Flash Paint Application: Use a mouse to create drawings and read or write them to In-System
Flash. Loaded from internal SPI Flash in Spartan-3AN Starter Kit Board. Requires setting Mode pins as
described in Tabl e 4 -1 , p ag e 3 9 for Internal Master SPI mode. For Spartan-3AN Starter Kit Board only.
www.xilinx.com/products/boards/s3astarter/reference_designs.htm#paint
.
.
Scroll or Rotate Graphic
In this mode, rotate the knob to rotate the graphic image clockwise or counterclockwise.
Use the four push-button switches to scroll the graphic image up, down, left, or right.
Press the rotary knob to change to the “Scroll or Scale Graphic” mode.
Scroll or Scale Graphic
In this mode, rotate the knob to scale the size of the graphic image, zooming in and out.
Use the four push-button switches to scroll the resulting graphic image up, down, left, or
right.
Press the rotary knob to change to the “Restart AutoPilot, Speaker Volume Control” mode.
Restart AutoPilot, Speaker Volume Control
In this mode, rotate the knob to control the speaker output volume.
Press any of the four push-button switches to restart the AutoPilot function.
Press the rotary knob to change to the “Select MultiBoot Configuration Image” mode.
Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit Board User Guide www.xilinx.com 17
UG334 (v1.0) May 28, 2007
Chapter 1: Introduction and Overview
LCD Screen Control Option
While the demonstration design operates best with an attached VGA display, the on-board
LCD screen tracks similar functionality, as shown in Figure 1-5. If no VGA display is
attached, then the “Scroll or Rotate Graphic”, “Scroll or Scale Graphic”, and “Restart
AutoPilot, Speaker Volume Control” modes offer little to no functionality, the exception
being the volume control assuming that a speaker is attached to the audio jack.
Select MultiBoot
Start Demonstration Design
Power-up board
Press PROG_B button
Welcome to XLNX
S3A Starter Kit
Wait 1 second
Btns: Load Cfg 1
Spin: Select Cfg
MultiBoot
MultiBoot
MultiBoot
Select FPGA
Configuration
MultiBoot
Config. 1
Config. 2
Config. 3
Config. 4
R
Scroll/Rotate Graphic
Press Knob 3x
For Boot Menu
Scroll/Scale Graphic
Press Knob
Press Knob 2x
For Boot Menu
AutoPilot/Volume
Press Knob 1x
For Boot Menu
Figure 1-5: LCD Screen Output using Menu System
Power-Saving Suspend Mode
Press Knob
Press Knob
Press Knob
AutoPilot
AutoPilot
AutoPilot
Rotate
Scale
Volume
AutoPilot
UG334_c1_05_052707
All of the preloaded FPGA configuration bitstreams have the power-saving Suspend mode
enabled. Suspend mode reduces FPGA power consumption while preserving the present
state of the FPGA application and the FPGA’s configuration data. Set the SUSPEND switch
to RUN or SUSPEND as described in “SUSPEND Switch,” page 26.
18 www.xilinx.com Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit Board User Guide
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Key Components and Features
Using one or two external multimeters, measure the corresponding difference in current
consumption, as described in “Measuring Power Across Voltage Supply Jumpers,” page
139.
Caution!
Flash PROM using configuration bitstream #4, as described in Ta b le 1 -2 .
Do not set the SUSPEND switch to “SUSPEND” while programming the parallel NOR
RS-232 Serial Port Control Option
Optionally, control the demonstration design using a serial port connection to a PC or
workstation. On a PC, use the HyperTerminal program to communicate to the FPGA
application, as shown in Figure 1-6. Using a standard, straight-through 9-pin serial cable,
connect the PC’s 9-pin RS-232 port to the board’s DCE connector (see Figure 7-1, page 63).
Figure 1-6: Use HyperTerminal and a Standard Serial Cable to Connect to Board
When the demonstration design begins operating, it transmits a message using the serial
port.
Press a number key on the PC to load the associated MultiBoot bitstream listed in Tab le 1 -2.
Key Components and Features
The key features of the Spartan-3A Starter Kit board or the Spartan-3AN Starter Kit board
are:
• Spartan-3A Starter Kit Board: Xilinx 700K-gate XC3S700A Spartan-3A FPGA
Pb-free 484-ball BGA package (FGG484)
• Spartan-3AN Starter Kit Board: Xilinx 700K-gate XC3S700AN Spartan-3AN
nonvolatile FPGA in the Pb-free 484-ball BGA package (FGG484)
♦ Internal 8 Mbit In-System Flash memory
♦ Store FPGA configuration bitstream or nonvolatile data
• 4 Mbit Xilinx Platform Flash configuration PROM
• 64 MByte (512 Mbit) of DDR2 SDRAM, 32Mx16 data interface
• 4 MByte (32 Mbit) of parallel NOR Flash
UG334_c1_06_052707
in the
Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit Board User Guide www.xilinx.com 19
UG334 (v1.0) May 28, 2007
Chapter 1: Introduction and Overview
♦ FPGA configuration storage
♦ MicroBlaze™ code storage/shadowing
♦ x8 or x16 data interface after configuration
• Two 16 Mbit SPI serial Flash
♦ STMicroelectronics and Atmel DataFlash serial architectures
♦ FPGA configuration storage
- Supports single configuration bitstream or multiple MultiBoot configuration
bitstreams
♦ Nonvolatile data storage
♦ MicroBlaze code shadowing
• Two-line, 16-character LCD screen
• PS/2 port
♦ Supports PS/2-compatible mouse or keyboard
♦ Supports both mouse and keyboard using a Y-splitter cable (not included)
• VGA display port, 12-bit color
• 10/100 Ethernet PHY (requires Ethernet MAC in FPGA)
• Two nine-pin RS-232 ports (DTE- and DCE-style)
• On-board USB-based programming solution
♦ FPGA download/debug
♦ SPI serial Flash in-system direct programming
• 50 MHz clock oscillator
• 8-pin DIP socket for second oscillator
• SMA connector for clock inputs or outputs
• 100-pin Hirose FX2 expansion connector with up to 43 FPGA user I/Os
♦ Compatible with Digilent FX2 add-on cards
• High-speed differential I/O connectors
♦ Receiver: Six data channels or five data channels plus clock
♦ Transmitter: Six data channels or five data channels plus clock
♦ Supports multiple differential I/O standards, including LVDS, RSDS, mini-LVDS
♦ Also supports up to 24 single-ended I/O
♦ Uses widely available 34-conductor cables
• Two six-pin expansion connectors for Digilent Peripheral Modules
• Four-output, SPI-based Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC)
• Two-input, SPI-based Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) with programmable-gain
pre-amplifier
• Stereo audio jack using digital I/O pins
• ChipScope
• Rotary-encoder with push-button shaft
• Eight discrete LEDs
• Four slide switches
• Four push-button switches
R
™ SoftTouch debugging port
20 www.xilinx.com Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit Board User Guide
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Design Trade-Offs
A few system-level design trade-offs were required in order to provide the Spartan3A/3AN Starter Kit board with the most functionality.
Configuration Methods Galore!
A typical FPGA application uses a single, nonvolatile memory to store configuration
images. A typical Spartan-3AN nonvolatile FPGA application would not require any
external memory. To demonstrate new Spartan-3A and Spartan-3AN FPGA capabilities,
the starter kit board has four different configuration memory sources that all must function
well together. The extra configuration functions make the starter kit board more complex
than typical FPGA applications.
The starter kit board also includes an on-board USB-based JTAG programming interface.
The on-chip circuitry simplifies the device programming experience. In typical
applications, the JTAG programming hardware resides off-board or in a separate
programming module, such as the Xilinx Platform USB cable.
Voltages for all Applications
Design Trade-Offs
The Spartan-3A/3AN FPGA typically operates with two supply rails, 1.2V and 3.3V. The
Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit board showcases a quadruple-output regulator developed by
National Semiconductor specifically to power Spartan-3 Generation FPGAs. This regulator
is sufficient for most standalone FPGA applications.
Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit Design Examples
Visit the Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit Design Examples web page to download and use the
latest applications that specifically target the starter kit board:
• Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit Design Examples Web Page
www.xilinx.com/products/boards/s3astarter/reference_designs.htm
The list of designs is ever growing and the applications are often updated to the latest
software releases. The following list provides a sample of design examples:
• Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit Demo Design Overview
www.xilinx.com/products/boards/s3astarter/reference_designs.htm#demo
This describes the out-of-the box demo design shipped with the board. Includes how
to set up and operate the demonstration, evaluate MultiBoot and Suspend, and
provides demo technical details.
• Restoring the “Out of the Box” Flash Programming
www.xilinx.com/products/boards/s3astarter/reference_designs.htm#out
Provides a short overview of what the starter kit board does “out of the box” and
includes instructions on how to restore the board to the original “out of the box” state.
The ZIP file includes the “golden” MCS files that are pre-programmed into Flash
memory before the board is shipped. The PDF file contains instructions for restoring
the board to its original settings using these MCS files in case any of the configuration
memories were overwritten during normal use.
Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit Board User Guide www.xilinx.com 21
UG334 (v1.0) May 28, 2007
Chapter 1: Introduction and Overview
• Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit Board Verification Design
www.xilinx.com/products/boards/s3astarter/reference_designs.htm#test
This example includes the board test specification and the board test design. This
design was used during initial board verification and some functions are used during
production test. It is provided to test out a board if something is not working as
expected. The design files may also be of general interest. The ZIP file has the design
source, a script to run them, and the resulting compiled files.
• Programmer for the STMicroelectronics M29DW323DT Parallel NOR Flash
www.xilinx.com/products/boards/s3astarter/reference_designs.htm#parallel_flash
_programmer
This design transforms the Spartan-3A or Spartan-3AN FPGA into a programmer for
the 32Mbit STMicroelectronics M29DW323DT parallel NOR Flash memory. This
memory optionally holds configuration images for the FPGA and provides general
non-volatile storage for other applications implemented within the FPGA. Using a
simple terminal program, this application provides the following capabilities:
♦ Erase the memory in part or in full
♦ Read the memory to verify contents
♦ Download complete configuration images using standard MCS files
♦ Manually program individual bytes
♦ Display the device identifier and 64-bit unique device numbers
• Spartan-3A/3AN “Device DNA” Reader
www.xilinx.com/products/boards/s3astarter/reference_designs.htm#dna_reader
This design uses a PicoBlaze™ processor to read the unique “Device DNA” identifier
embedded in each Spartan-3A/3AN FPGA and then display it on the LCD screen.
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Choose a Spartan-3 Generation Starter Kit Board for your Needs
The Spartan-3A and Spartan-3AN Starter Kit boards are best for prototyping
Spartan-3A/3AN FPGA applications. Depending on specific requirements, however,
Xilinx and third-party companies offer development boards that better suit other needs.
Spartan-3A/3AN FPGA Features and Embedded Processing Functions
The Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit board highlights the unique features of the Spartan-3A
and Spartan-3AN FPGA families and provides a convenient development board for
embedded processing applications. The board highlights these features:
• Spartan-3AN specific features
♦ Nonvolatile configuration from internal SPI Flash
• Spartan-3A/3AN specific features
♦ Parallel NOR Flash configuration
♦ SPI serial Flash configuration using either the STMicroelectronics or Atmel
DataFlash architectures
♦ MultiBoot FPGA configuration from both Parallel NOR and SPI serial Flash
PROMs
• Embedded development
♦ MicroBlaze 32-bit embedded RISC processor
22 www.xilinx.com Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit Board User Guide
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♦ PicoBlaze eight-bit embedded controller
Spartan-3A and Spartan-3AN FPGAs
• Power management using the Suspend mode feature
• DDR2 SDRAM memory interfaces
Other Spartan-3 Generation Development Boards
The Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit board demonstrates the full capabilities of the
Spartan-3A and Spartan-3AN FPGA families and the Xilinx ISE™ development software.
For a development board specific to the Spartan-3E FPGA family, consider the Spartan-3E
Starter Kit board. There are multiple ordering codes, depending on the included power
supply.
• Spartan-3E Starter Kit Board (H
W-SPAR3E-SK_xx)
www.xilinx.com/s3estarter
For MicroBlaze development, consider the XC3S1600E Embedded Development board.
• XC3S1600E Embedded Development Board (DO-SP3E1600E-DK-UNI-G)
www.xilinx.com/sp3e1600e
For PCI Express® applications, consider the Spartan-3 PCI Express Starter Kit.
• Spartan-3 PCI Express Starter Kit (HW-S3PCIE-DK)
www.xilinx.com/s3pcie
For simple Spartan-3 FPGA applications, consider the fairly basic Spartan-3 Starter Kit
board.
• Spartan-3 Starter Kit (
HW-SPAR3-SK-UNI-G)
www.xilinx.com/s3starter
Also consider the capable boards offered by Xilinx partners:
• Spartan-3 and Spartan-3E Board Interactive Search
www.xilinx.com/products/devboards/index.htm
Spartan-3A and Spartan-3AN FPGAs
The Spartan-3AN FPGA platform offers nonvolatile pin-compatible versions of the
Spartan-3A FPGA platform. The Spartan-3AN FPGAs support the same external
programming sources as Spartan-3A FPGAs, but add an additional internal SPI Flash
programming mode. The internal SPI Flash can also be used for user data. The
Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit Board supports both external and Spartan-3AN internal
configuration options.
Spartan-3AN FPGAs require V
to be either 2.5V or 3.3V. The Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit Board uses a default V
to be 3.3V while Spartan-3A FPGAs allow V
CCAUX
CCAUX
CCAUX
of
3.3V.
Spartan-3A and Spartan-3AN FPGAs have different documentation and availability. Verify
the latest version of the appropriate documentation on xilinx.com.
Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit Board User Guide www.xilinx.com 23
UG334 (v1.0) May 28, 2007
Chapter 1: Introduction and Overview
• Spartan-3A FPGAs
♦ Web pa ge
www.xilinx.com/spartan3a
♦ Data sheet
www.xilinx.com/bvdocs/publications/ds529.pdf
♦ Errata
www.xilinx.com/xlnx/xweb/xil_publications_display.jsp?category=-1212251
♦ Additional documentation
www.xilinx.com/xlnx/xweb/xil_publications_display.jsp?category=-1212246
• Spartan-3AN FPGAs
♦ Web pa ge
www.xilinx.com/spartan3an
♦ Data sheet
www.xilinx.com/bvdocs/publications/ds557.pdf
♦ Errata
www.xilinx.com/xlnx/xweb/xil_publications_display.jsp?category=-1212871
♦ Additional documentation
www.xilinx.com/xlnx/xweb/xil_publications_display.jsp?category=-1212828
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Related Resources
Refer to the following links for additional information:
• Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit
www.xilinx.com/s3astarte
♦ Spartan-3A/3AN Rev D Starter Kit user guide
♦ Spartan-3A Rev C Starter Kit user guide
♦ Example User Constraints File (UCF)
♦ Board schematics (annotated)
♦ Bill of materials (BOM) list
♦ Link to design examples
• Xilinx MicroBlaze Soft Processor
www.xilinx.com/microblaze
• Xilinx PicoBlaze Soft Processor
www.xilinx.com/picoblaze
• Xilinx Embedded Development Kit
w
ww.xilinx.com/ise/embedded_design_prod/platform_studio.htm
• Xilinx Software Tutorials
ww.xilinx.com/support/techsup/tutorials/
w
• Xilinx Technical Support
www.xilinx.com/support
r and www.xilinx.com/s3anstarter
www.xilinx.com/bvdocs/userguides/ug33
4.pdf
www.xilinx.com/bvdocs/userguides/ug330.pdf
www.xilinx.com/products/boards/s3astarter/files/s3astarter.ucf
www.xilinx.com/products/boards/s3astarter/s3astarter_schematic.pdf
www.xilinx.com/products/boards/s3astarter/s3astarter_bom.xls
www.xilinx.com/products/boards/s3astarter/reference_designs.ht
m
24 www.xilinx.com Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit Board User Guide
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Chapter 2
Switches, Buttons, and Rotary Knob
Slide Switches
Locations and Labels
The Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit board has four slide switches, as shown in Figure 2-1. The
slide switches are located in the lower right corner of the board and are labeled SW3
through SW0. Switch SW3 is the left-most switch, and SW0 is the right-most switch.
SW3
(T9)
Operation
When in the UP or ON position, a switch connects the FPGA pin to 3.3V, a logic High.
When DOWN or in the OFF position, the switch connects the FPGA pin to ground, a logic
Low. The switches typically exhibit about 2 ms of mechanical bounce. There is no active
debouncing circuitry, although such circuitry could easily be added to the FPGA design
programmed on the board.
UCF Location Constraints
Figure 2-2 provides the UCF constraints for the four slide switches, including the I/O pin
assignment and the I/O standard used. The PULLUP resistor is not required, but it defines
the input value when the switch is in the middle of a transition.
SW2
(U8)
Figure 2-1: Four Slide Switches
SW1
(U10)
SW0
(V8)
HIGH, ‘1’
LOW, ‘0’
UG330_c2_01_021507
Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit Board User Guide www.xilinx.com 25
UG334 (v1.0) May 28, 2007
Chapter 2: Switches, Buttons, and Rotary Knob
NET "SW<0>" LOC = "V8" | IOSTANDARD = LVTTL | PULLUP ;
NET "SW<1>" LOC = "U10"| IOSTANDARD = LVTTL | PULLUP ;
NET "SW<2>" LOC = "U8" | IOSTANDARD = LVTTL | PULLUP ;
NET "SW<3>" LOC = "T9" | IOSTANDARD = LVTTL |
Figure 2-2: UCF Constraints for Slide Switches
SUSPEND Switch
The SUSPEND slide switch, shown in Figure 2-3, connects directly to the FPGA’s
SUSPEND input pin. If Suspend mode is enabled in the FPGA application, then the FPGA
enters Suspend mode whenever the switch is set to “SUSPEND.” If the switch is then
changed back to “RUN,” then the FPGA resumes operation from the state before it entered
Suspend mode. Likewise, if Suspend mode is enabled, then the AWAKE pin is reserved to
indicate when the FPGA is in Suspend mode. See “AWAKE LED,” page 32.
R
PULLUP ;
RUN
SUSPEND
UG334_c2_03_052407
Figure 2-3: Suspend Switch
To enable Suspend mode, add the configuration string shown in Figure 2-4 to the user
constraints file (UCF). If Suspend mode is not enabled in the application, then the
SUSPEND switch has no affect on the design and the AWAKE pin is available as a generalpurpose I/O.
CONFIG ENABLE_SUSPEND = “FILTERED” ;
Figure 2-4: UCF Constraints to Enable Suspend Mode
For more information on Suspend mode, see the following application note:
• XAPP480: Using Suspend Mode in Spartan-3 Generation FPGAs
www.xilinx.com/bvdocs/
appnotes/xapp480.pdf
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Push-Button Switches
Locations and Labels
The Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit board has four momentary-contact push-button
switches, shown in Figure 2-5. The push buttons are located in the lower right corner of the
board and are labeled BTN_NORTH, BTN_EAST, BTN_SOUTH, and BTN_WEST. The
FPGA pins that connect to the push buttons appear in parentheses in Figure 2-5, and the
associated UCF is listed in Figure 2-7.
BTN_NORTH
(T14)
Rotary Push Button Switch
ROT_A: (T13)
ROT_B: (R14)
ROT_CENTER: (R13)
Push-Button Switches
Requires an internal pull-up
Requires an internal pull-up
Requires an internal pull-down
Operation
BTN_WEST
(U15)
BTN_SOUTH
(T15)
BTN_EAST
(T16)
UG334_c2_05_052407
Notes:
1. All BTN_* push-button inputs require an internal pull-down resistor.
Figure 2-5: Four Push-Button Switches Surround the Rotary Push-Button Switch
Pressing a push button connects the associated FPGA pin to 3.3V, as shown in Figure 2-6.
Use an internal pull-down resistor within the FPGA pin to generate a logic Low when the
button is not pressed. Figure 2-7 shows how to specify a pull-down resistor within the
UCF. There is no active debouncing circuitry on the push button.
3.3V
Push Button
FPGA I/O Pin
BTN_* Signal
UG230_c2_03_021206
Figure 2-6: Push-Button Switches Require an Internal Pull-Down Resistor in the
FPGA Input Pin
Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit Board User Guide www.xilinx.com 27
UG334 (v1.0) May 28, 2007
Chapter 2: Switches, Buttons, and Rotary Knob
PROG_B Push-Button Switch
The PROG_B push-button switch, shown in Figure 2-14, page 31, is part of the FPGA’s
configuration circuitry. See “PROG Push-Button Switch,” page 40.
UCF Location Constraints
Figure 2-7 provides the UCF constraints for the four push-button switches, including the
I/O pin assignment and the I/O standard used, and defines a pull-down resistor on each
input.
NET "BTN_EAST" LOC = "T16" | IOSTANDARD = LVTTL | PULLDOWN ;
NET "BTN_NORTH" LOC = "T14" | IOSTANDARD = LVTTL | PULLDOWN ;
NET "BTN_SOUTH" LOC = "T15" | IOSTANDARD = LVTTL | PULLDOWN ;
NET "BTN_WEST" LOC = "U15" | IOSTANDARD = LVTTL | PULLDOWN ;
Figure 2-7: UCF Constraints for Push-Button Switches
Rotary Push-Button Switch
R
Locations and Labels
The rotary push-button switch is located in the center of the four individual push-button
switches, as shown in Figure 2-5, page 27. The switch produces three outputs. The two
shaft encoder outputs are ROT_A and ROT_B. The center push-button switch is
ROT_CENTER.
Operation
The rotary push-button switch integrates two different functions. The switch shaft rotates
and outputs values whenever the shaft turns. The shaft can also be pressed, acting as a
push-button switch.
Push-Button Switch
Pressing the knob on the rotary/push-button switch connects the associated FPGA pin to
3.3V, as shown in Figure 2-8. Use an internal pull-down resistor within the FPGA pin to
generate a logic Low. Figure 2-11 shows how to specify a pull-down resistor within the
UCF. There is no active debouncing circuitry on the push button.
28 www.xilinx.com Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit Board User Guide
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Rotary / Push Button
Rotary Push-Button Switch
3.3V
FPGA I/O Pin
ROT_CENTER Signal
UG230_c2_05_021206
Figure 2-8: Push-Button Switches Require an Internal Pull-up Resistor in the FPGA
Input Pin
Rotary Shaft Encoder
In principal, the rotary shaft encoder behaves much like a cam connected to the central
shaft. Rotating the shaft then operates two push-button switches, as shown in Figure 2-9.
Depending on which way the shaft is rotated, one of the switches opens before the other.
Likewise, as the rotation continues, one switch closes before the other. However, when the
shaft is stationary, also called the detent position, both switches are closed.
A pull-up resistor in each input pin
generates a ‘1’ for an open switch.
See the UCF file for details on
specifying the pull-up resistor.
A=‘0’
FPGA
Vcco
Vcco
Rotary Shaft
Encoder
B=‘1’
GND
UG230_c2_06_030606
Figure 2-9: Basic Example of Rotary Shaft Encoder Circuitry
Closing a switch connects it to ground, generating a logic Low. When the switch is open, a
pull-up resistor within the FPGA pin pulls the signal to a logic High. The UCF constraints
in Figure 2-11 describe how to define the pull-up resistor.
The FPGA circuitry to decode the ‘A’ and ‘B’ inputs is simple but must consider the
mechanical switching noise on the inputs, also called chatter. As shown in Figure 2-10, the
chatter can falsely indicate extra rotation events or even indicate rotations in the opposite
direction!
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UG334 (v1.0) May 28, 2007
Chapter 2: Switches, Buttons, and Rotary Knob
R
Rotating RIGHT
A
B
UCF Location Constraints
Rising edge on ‘A’ when ‘B’ is Low indicates RIGHT (clockwise) rotation
Detent
Detent
Switch closing chatter on ‘B’
injects false “clicks” to the LEFT
(’B’ rising edge when ‘A’ is Low)
Switch opening chatter on ‘A’
injects false “clicks” to the RIGHT
UG230_c2_07_030606
Figure 2-10: Outputs from Rotary Shaft Encoder Might Include Mechanical Chatter
Figure 2-11 provides the UCF constraints for the rotary encoder/push-button switch,
including the I/O pin assignment and the I/O standard used, and defines a pull-up or
pull-down resistor for each FPGA input.
NET "ROT_A" LOC = "T13" | IOSTANDARD = LVTTL | PULLUP ;
NET "ROT_B" LOC = "R14" | IOSTANDARD = LVTTL | PULLUP ;
NET "ROT_CENTER" LOC = "R13" | IOSTANDARD = LVTTL | PULLDOWN ;
Figure 2-11: UCF Constraints for Rotary Push-Button Switch
Discrete LEDs
Locations and Labels
The Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit board has eight individual surface-mount LEDs located
immediately above the slide switches as shown in Figure 2-12. The LEDs are labeled LED7
through LED0. LED7 is the left-most LED, LED0 the right-most LED.
LED6: (Y22)
LED7: (W21)
LED5: (V20)
LED4: (V19)
LED3: (U19)
LED2: (U20)
LED1: (T19)
LED0: (R20)
UG334_c2_12_052407
Figure 2-12: Eight Discrete LEDs
30 www.xilinx.com Spartan-3A/3AN Starter Kit Board User Guide
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