TP-Link TL-WN422G - 54Mbps High Gain Wireless USB Adapter, TL-WN422GC, TL-WN422G User Manual

TL-WN422G
High-Gain Wireless USB Adapter

Rev: 2.0.1
1910010354

COPYRIGHT & TRADEMARKS

Specifications are subject to change without notice. is a registered trademark
of TP-LINK TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Other brands and product names are trademarks or
registered trademarks of their respective holders.

No part of the specifications may be reproduced in any form or by any means or used to make
any derivative such as translation, transformation, or adaptation without permission from
TP-LINK TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Copyright © 2010 TP-LINK TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved.

http://www.tp-link.com

FCC STATEMENT

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device,
pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable
protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates,
uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with
the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no
guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does
cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning
the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or
more of the following measures:

• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.

• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the

receiver is connected.

• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/ TV technician for help.

This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions:

1) This device may not cause harmful interference.

2) This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may
cause undesired operation.

Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance
could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.

Note: The manufacturer is not responsible for any radio or tv interference caused by
unauthorized modifications to this equipment. Such modifications could void the user’s authority
to operate the equipment.

FCC RF Radiation Exposure Statement:

This device has been tested for compliance with FCC RF Exposure (SAR) limits in the typical
laptop computer configuration and this device can be used in desktop or laptop computers. This
device cannot be used with handheld PDAs (personal digital assistants). This device and its
antenna must not be co-located or operated in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.
SAR measurements are based on a 5mm spacing from the body and that compliance is
achieved at that distance.

CE Mark Warning

This is a class B product. In a domestic environment, this product may cause radio interference,
in which case the user may be required to take adequate measures.

National Restrictions

2400.0-2483.5 MHz

Country Restriction Reason/remark

Bulgaria

General authorization required for outdoor

use and public service

France

Outdoor use limited to 10
mW e.i.r.p. within the
band 2454-2483.5 MHz

Military Radiolocation use. Refarming of the 2.4
GHz band has been ongoing in recent years to
allow current relaxed regulation. Full
implementation planned 2012

Italy

If used outside of own premises, general

authorization is required

Luxembourg None

General authorization required for network and
service supply(not for spectrum)

Norway Implemented

This subsection does not apply for the
geographical area within a radius of 20 km from
the centre of Ny-Ålesund

Russian
Federation

Only for indoor applications

Note: Please don’t use the product outdoors in France.

TP-LINK TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD

TP-LINK TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

South Building, No.5 Keyuan Road, Central Zone, Science & Technology Park, Nanshan,

Shenzhen, P. R. China

DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY

For the following equipment:
Product Description: High-Gain Wireless USB Adapter
Model No.: TL-WN422G
Trademark: TP-LINK
We declare under our own responsibility that the above products satisfy all the technical

regulations applicable to the product within the scope of Council Directives:
Directives 1999/5/EC
The above product is in conformity with the following standards or other normative documents:

ETSI EN 300 328 V1.7.1: 2006
ETSI EN 301 489-1 V1.8.1:2008 & ETSI EN 301 489-17 V1.3.2:2008
EN60950-1:2006
EN62311:2008

Recommendation 1999/519/EC

Person is responsible for marking this declaration:

Yang Hongliang
Product Manager of International Business

CONTENTS

Package Contents....................................................................................................1

Conventions: ............................................................................................................1

Chapter 1. Introduction ........................................................................................2

1.1 Ov

erview of the product...................................................................................................... 2

1.2 Feature

...............................................................................................................................2

1.3 LED Status

......................................................................................................................... 2

1.4 System Requirements

........................................................................................................ 3

1.5 Network Configuration

........................................................................................................ 3

Chapter 2. Installation Guide ...............................................................................5

2.1 Before You Begin

...............................................................................................................5

2.2 Hardware Installation

.......................................................................................................... 5

2.3 Software Installation

........................................................................................................... 5

2.3.1 For windows XP

..........................................................................................................5

2.3.2 For Windows

Vista .................................................................................................... 10

2.3.3 For Windows

7 .......................................................................................................... 13

Chapter 3. Configuration....................................................................................17

3.1 For Windows

XP............................................................................................................... 17

3.1.1 Current Status

........................................................................................................... 17

3.1.2 Profile Management

.................................................................................................. 19

3.1.3 Diagnostics

................................................................................................................ 27

3.1.4 Check Driv

er Information........................................................................................... 27

3.1.5 Check Receive and Transmit Statistica

l Information................................................. 28

3.2 For Windows

Vista............................................................................................................ 28

3.3 For Windows

7 ................................................................................................................. 31

Chapter 4. Example for Application ..................................................................33

4.1 Configuration of PSP XLi

nk Online game......................................................................... 33

Appendix A: Specifications...................................................................................37

Appendix B: Glossary............................................................................................38

TL-WN422G High-Gain Wireless USB Adapter User Guide

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Package Contents

The following items should be found in your package:

¾ One TL-WN422G High-Gain Wireless USB Adapter
¾ One USB extension cable
¾ One TL-WN422G High-Gain Wireless USB Adapter Resource CD, including:

• Drivers and Utility

• Us er Guide

• Other Helpfu l Information

)

Note:

Make sure that the package contains the above items. If any of the listed items are damaged or
missing, please contact with your distributor.

Conventions:

The ‘Adapter’ mentioned in this user guide stands for TL-WN422G High-Gain Wireless USB
Adapter without any explanations.

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Chapter 1. Introduction

Thank you for choosing TL-WN422G High-Gain Wireless USB Adapter.

1.1 Overview of the product

The adapter is a USB 2.0 pen-size wireless adapter supporting IEEE 802.11b/g 2.4GHz radio
operation. It provides high-speed wireless connection with data rate up to 54Mbps, and wireless
roaming allows the user to move among different AP without losing the current connection. The
adapter provides excellent security features, including TKIP, AES, WPA, and up to 256 bit WEP
encryption security, which makes the network almost impenetrable.

Featuring high performance of fast transmission rates, simple installation and adaptability, as well
as strong security, the TL-WN422G High-Gain Wireless USB Adapter is the perfect solution for
personal and small business use.

1.2 Feature

¾ Complies with IEEE 802.11b and IEEE 802.11g Standards
¾ Provides 64/128/256 bit WEP Encryption
¾ Supports WPA, WPA2, IEEE 802.1X, TKIP, AES
¾ Supports 54/48/36/24/18/12/9/6Mbps or 11/5.5/2/1Mbps wireless LAN data transfer rates
¾

USB 2.0 interface and compatible with USB 1.1

¾ High Speed Data Rate Up to 54Mbps
¾ Supports Windows 98, ME, 2000, XP, 2003, Vista and Windows 7
¾ Simulates AP Mode, And Supports PSP connection

1.3 LED Status

The TL-WN422G High-Gain Wireless USB Adapter has a LED indicator.

LED Indicator:

Status Working Status

Off The driver has not been installed.

Flashing Slowly

The driver has been installed but there is no data being transmitted
or received.

Flashing Quickly There is data being transmitted or received.

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1.4 System Requirements

The following are the minimum system requirements in order to use the TL-WN422G High-Gain
Wireless USB Adapter.

¾ PC/AT compatible computer with a USB interface.
¾ Windows 7/Vista/XP/2003/2000/98/ME operating system.

(Windows 98/ME don’t support USB 2.0, the performance could influenced)

1.5 Network Configuration

The following part will depict the possible wireless LAN PC card network configurations, which
helps you to get a better understanding of how the wireless LAN products work together in a
wireless network.

The wireless LAN products can be configured as:

Ad-hoc (peer-to-peer) Mode

This is the simplest network configuration with several computers equipped with the PC Cards
that form a wireless network whenever they are within range of one another. In ad-hoc mode,
each client is peer-to- peer, would only have access to the resources of the other client and
does not require an access point. This is the easiest and least expensive way for the SOHO to
set up a wireless network.

The image below depicts a network in ad-hoc mode.

Figure 1-1 Ad-hoc mode.

Infrastructure Mode

The infrastructure mode requires the use of an access point (AP). In this mode, all wireless
communication between two computers has to be via the AP. It doesn’t matter if the AP is
stand-alone or wired to an Ethernet network. If used in stand-alone, the AP can extend the

TL-WN422G High-Gain Wireless USB Adapter User Guide

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range of independent wireless LANs by acting as a repeater, which effectively doubles the
distance between wireless stations.

The image below depicts a network in infrastructure mode.

Figure 1-2 Infrastructure mode.

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Chapter 2. Installation Guide

2.1 Before You Begin

The operating distance range of your wireless connection can vary significantly depending on
the physical position of the wireless devices. Factors that can weaken signals by getting in the
way of your network’s radio waves are metal appliances or obstructions, and walls. Typical
ranges vary base on the types of materials and background RF (radio frequency) noise in your
home or office.

For best performance of your wireless network, you are suggested to:

1. Place your computer with this wireless card near the operating wireless router.

2. Avoid redundant obstacles and interference between the wireless devices.

3. Keep your product far from electrical devices or appliances that generate RF noise, such
as microwave ovens, 2.4 GHz cordless phone.

2.2 Hardware Installation

There are two ways to install the Adapter:

1. Plug the Adapter directly to the USB port on your computer.

2. Connect the Adapter and your computer with the extension USB cable attached in package.

)

Note:

Once the Adapter is firmly in place, the

Found New Hardware Wizard

screen will pop up.

2.3 Software Installation

When Found New Hardware Wizard is prompted, click Cancel, and insert the Resource CD
into your CD-ROM drive. The autorun.exe will automatically run. Follow the steps below to
install the TL-WN422G High-Gain Wireless USB Adapter drivers:

2.3.1 For windows XP

1. Insert the Resource CD into your CD-ROM drive, and the screen as shown below will
display. To continue, select TL-WN422G. There will be a menu including Install Driver &
Utility and User Guide.

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Figure 2-1

2. Click Install Driver & Utility to load the following screen.

Figure 2-2

3. Soon, Figure 2-3 will display after a moment. Click Next to continue.

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Figure 2-3

4. After that, you should choose a Setup type. It is recommended that you select Install
Client Utilities and Driver. Select Install Driver Only to install driver only. Click Next to
continue.

Figure 2-4

5. Click Browse to change the destination location for the software, then click Next in the
screen below (shown in Figure 2-5).

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Figure 2-5

6. After that, select the program folder, you should create a new folder name or select one
from the Existing Folders list. It is recommended that you keep the default setting. Click
Next to continue the installation.

Figure 2-6

7. Choose configuration tool, if you are not sure, please leave it default. Then click Next to
continue.

TL-WN422G High-Gain Wireless USB Adapter User Guide

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Figure 2-7

8. Wait a while for the setup as shown in Figure 2-8.

Figure 2-8

9. After all the steps above, you will see the screen below, click Fi

nish to reboot the system.

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Figure 2-9

2.3.2 For Windows Vista

1. Insert the Resource CD into your CD-ROM drive, and the screen as shown below will

display. To continue, select TL-WN422G. There will be a menu including Install Driver &
Utility and User Guide.

Figure 2-10

2. Click Install Driver & Utility in the Figure 2-1 to lo

ad the following screen.

TL-WN422G High-Gain Wireless USB Adapter User Guide

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Figure 2-11

3. Soon, Figure 2-12 will display. Click N

ext to continue.

Figure 2-12

4. After a while, Figure 2-13 will appear and click Yes to

continue.

TL-WN422G High-Gain Wireless USB Adapter User Guide

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Figure 2-13

5. Then the following figure will display. Please wait or click Cancel to exit the Wizard.

Figure 2-14

6. After all the steps above, you will see the screen below, click Finish to exit the Wizard.

TL-WN422G High-Gain Wireless USB Adapter User Guide

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Figure 2-15

2.3.3 For Windows 7

1. Insert the Resource CD into your CD-ROM drive, and the screen as shown below will
display. To continue, select TL-WN422G. There will be a menu including Install Driver &
Utility and User Guide.

Figure 2-16

2. Click Install Driver & Utility to load the following screen.

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Figure 2-17

3. Click Next in the screen below (shown in Figure 2-18) to continue, you can click Cancel to
end the installation.

Figure 2-18

4. Click Yes in the following figure to continue.

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Figure 2-19

5. After that, the files will be copied as the next screen shown.

Figure 2-20

6. Click the Finish button to complete.

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Figure 2-21

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Chapter 3. Configuration

3.1 For Windows XP

TP-LINK TL-WN422G can be configured by TP-LINK Wireless Client Utility (TWCU) in
Windows XP & Windows 2000. This chapter describes how to configure your Adapter for
wireless connectivity on your Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and use the data security
encryption features.

The configuration of the adapter in Windows XP is similar with that of Windows 2000. This User
Guide takes Windows XP for example.

After Installing the Adapter, the Adapter’s tray icon

will appear in your system tray. It

appears at the bottom of the screen, and shows the signal strength using color and the received
signal strength indication (RSSI).

If th e icon is gray, there is no connection.

If the icon is red, there is poor signal strength and the RSSI is less than 5dB.

If the icon is yellow, there is poor signal strength and the RSSI is between 5dB and 10dB.

If the icon is green, there is good signal strength and the RSSI is between 10dB and 20dB.

If the icon is green, there is excellent signal strength and the RSSI is more than 20dB.

Double-click the icon and the TWCU will run. You can also run the utility by clicking the Start→
All Programs→ TP-LINK→ TP-LINK Wireless Client Utility. The TW

CU provides some

integrated and easy tools to:

¾ Display current status information
¾ Edit and add configuration profiles
¾ Display current diagnostics information

The section below introduces these above capabilities.

3.1.1 Current Status

The Current Status tab contains general information about the program and its operations. The
Current Status tab needn’t any configurations.

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Figure 3-1

The following table describes the items found on the Current Status screen.
¾ Profile Name - This shows the name of current selected configuration profile. The

configuration of Profile name will be described on the General tab of Profile Management.

¾ Link Status - This shows whether the station is associated to the wireless network.
¾ Wireless Mode - Here displays the wireless mode.
¾ Network Type - The type of network and the station currently connect ed are shown here.

The options include:

• Infrastructure (access point)

• Ad Hoc

)

Note:

You can configure the network type and wireless mode on the Advanced tab of Profile
Management.

¾ IP Address - This displays the computer’s IP address.
¾ Current Channel - This shows the currently connected channel.
¾ Data Encryption - Here displays the encryption type the driver is using. You can configure

it on the Security tab of Profile Management.

¾ Server Based Authentication - This shows whether the server based authentication is

used.

¾ Signal Strength - This shows the strength of the signal.

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Click Advanced on the screen above, you can see advanced information about the program
and its operations.

3.1.2 Profile Management

Click the Profile Management tab of the TWCU and the next screen will appear (shown in

6Figure 3-2). The Profile Management screen provides tools to:

¾ Add a new profile
¾ Modify a profile

¾ Remove a profile
¾ Activate a Profile
¾ Import a Profile
¾ Export a Profile
¾ Scan Available Networks
¾ Order profiles

Figure 3-2

3.1.2.1. Add or Modify a Configuration Profile

To add a new configuration profile, click Ne

w on the Profile Management tab. To modify a

configuration profile, select the configuration profile from the Profile list and click Modify. Then
you will see the Management dialog box (shown in Figure 3-3).

1.

Edit the General tab

¾ Profile Name - Please enter the Profile name which identifies the configuration profile. This

name must be unique. Note that the profile names are not case-sensitive.

¾ Client Name - Please enter the Profile name which identifies the client machine.

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¾ Network Names (SSIDs) - Please enter the IEEE 802.11 wireless network name. This

field has a maximum limit of 32 characters.

Figure 3-3

2. Edit the Security tab

Select the Security tab in the screen above, and then you can edit the fields to configure the
profile. To define the security mode, select the radio button of the desired security mode as
follows.

Figure 3-4

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¾ WPA/WPA2: Wi-Fi Protected Access.
¾ WPA/WPA2 Passphrase: Wi-Fi Protected Access Passphrase.
¾ 802.1x: Enables 802.1x security.
¾ Pre-Shared Key (Static WEP): Enables the use of shared keys that are defined on both

the access point and the station. To define shared encryption keys, choose the Shared Key
radio button and click Configure to fill in the Define Shared Keys.

¾ None: No security (not recommended).

For Example:

Suppose your using router’s SSID is TP-LINK and it adopts WPA/WPA2 Passphrase encryption
with the key “123456ABCDEF”. Take the following steps to set the security.

Step 1 Select the radio button before WPA/WPA2 Passphrase and click Configure… button in

Figure 3‑4 above. Then the following figure will appear.

Figure 3-5

Step 2 Enter the WPA passphrase 123456ABCDEF in the blank filed.
Step 3 Click OK to complete the wireless security settings.

)

Note:

Select different

Security Options

, the configurations are different; you can select the

appropriate security option and configure the exact key as your need.

3. Edit the Advanced tab

This screen below allows you to make advanced configuration for the profile.

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Figure 3-6
¾ Power Save Mode - Please select the power save mode in the drop-down list.

• Maximum -

Selects maximum mode to let the access point buffer incoming messages

for the Adapter. The Adapter will detect the access point if any messages are waiting
periodically.

• Normal - Normal mode uses maximum when retrieving a large number of packets,
then switches back to power save mode after retrieving the packets.

• Off - Turns power saving off, thus powering up the Wireless USB Adapter continuously
for a short message response time.

¾ Network Type: There are basically two modes of networking:

• Infrastructure - All wireless clients will connect to an access point or wireless router.

• Ad-Hoc - Directly connecting to another computer, for peer-to-peer communication,

using wireless network adapters on each computer, such as two or more TL-WN422G
wireless adapters.

)

Note:

1) An Infrastructure network contains an Access Point or wireless router. All the wireless
devices or clients will connect to the wireless router or access point.

2) An Ad-Hoc network cont ains only clients, such as laptops with wireless desktop adapter s. All

the adapters must be in Ad-Hoc mode to communicate.

¾ Wireless Mode: Specifies 2.4 GHz 54 Mbps or 2.4 GHz 11 Mbps operation in an access

point network. The Wireless adapter must match the wireless mode of the access point

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with which it associates.

¾ Wireless Mode when Starting an

2Ad Hoc Network: Specifies 2.4 GHz 54/11 Mbps to

start an Ad Hoc network if no matching network name is found after scanning all available
modes. This mode also allows the selection of the channel that the Wireless Adapter uses.
The channels available depend on the regulatory domain. If the adapter finds no other ad
hoc adapters, the channel that the adapter starts the ad hoc network with will be selected
automatically. The Adapter must match the wireless mode and channel of the clients it
associates.

¾ 802.11 Authentication Mode: Select which mode the Adapter uses to authenticate to an

access point:

• Auto - Automatic causes the adapter to attempt authentication using shared, but

switches it to open authentication if shared fails.

• Open - Open System enables an adapter to attempt authentication regardless of its

WEP settings. It will only associate with the access point if the WEP keys on both the
adapter and the access point match.

• Shared - Shared-key only allows the adapter to associate with access points that have

the same WEP key.

For infrastructure (access point) networks, click Preferred APs… to specify four access points
at most to the client adapter that attempts to be associated to the access points. The four
access points have different priorities; the frontal has the higher priority.

Figure 3-7

3.1.2.2. Remove a profile

1.

Go to the Profile Management tab (shown in

6Figure 3-2).

2. Select the profile name in the Profiles List.

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3. Click Remove.

)

Note:

The profile being used can’t be removed.

3.1.2.3. Switch another Profile

1. Go to the Profile Management screen (shown in

6Figure 3-2).

2. Select the profile name required in the Profiles List.

3. Click Activate.

3.1.2.4. Export a Profile

1.

From the Profile Management screen (shown in

7Figure 3-2), highlight the profile to export.

2. Click Export…, the Export Profile window will then appear below.

3. Browse the directory to export the profile to.

4. Click Save. The profile should then be exported to the specified location.

Figure 3-8

3.1.2.5. Import a Profile

1.

From the Profile Management screen (shown in

7Figure 3-2), click Import…. Then the

Import Profile will appear below.

2. Browse to the directory where the profile is located.

3. Highlight the profile name.

4. Click Open, the imported profile will then appear in the Profiles List.

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Figure 3-9

3.1.2.6. Scan Available Networks

1. C

lick Scan on the Profile Management screen (shown in

7Figure 3-2), the Available

Infrastructure and Ad Hoc Networks window will appear below.

2. Click Refresh to refresh the list at any time.

3. Highlight a network name and click Activate to connect to an available network. If no
configuration profile exists for that network, the Profile Management window will open the
General tab screen. Fill in the Profile name and click OK to create the configuration profile
for that network.

Figure 3-10

3.1.2.7. Auto Profile Selection Management

The auto selection feature allows the adapter to automatically select a profile from

the list of
profiles and use it to connect to the network. To add a new profile into the Auto Selected
Profiles list, please follow these steps.

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1. On the Profile Management screen (shown in 7Figure 3-2), click Order Profiles….

2. The Auto Profiles Selection management window will appear (shown in Figure 3-11) with a

list of all

created profiles in the Available Profiles.

Figure 3-11

3. Highlight the profiles to add to auto profile selection, and click Add. The profile will appear

in the Auto Selected Profiles box.

4. Highlight a profile in the Auto Selected Profiles box.

5. Click Move Up or Move Down as appropriate.

)

Note:

The first profile in the Auto Selected Profiles box has highest priority, while the last profile has the
lowest priority.

6. Click OK.

7. Check the Auto Select Profiles checkbox on the Profile Management tab (shown in

7Figure 3-2).

)

Note:

When auto profile selection is enabled by checking Auto Select Profiles on the Profile
Management tab, the client adapter will scan for an available network. The profile with the

highest priority and the same SSID as one of the found networks will be used to connect to the
network. If the connection fails, the client adapter will try the next highest priority profile that
matches the SSID until an available network is found.

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3.1.3 Diagnostics

The Diagnostics tab of the TP-LINK Wireless Client Utility (TWCU) provides buttons used to
retrieve receiving and transmitting statistics. The Diagnostics tab does not require any
configuration.

The Diagnostics tab lists the following receiving and transmitting diagnostics for frames
received or transmitted by the wireless network adapter:

¾ Multicast frames transmitted and received
¾ Broadcast frames transmitted and received
¾ Unicast frames transmitted and received
¾ Total bytes transmitted and received

Figure 3-12

3.1.4 Check Driver Information

Click the Adapter Information button in the screen above, you will see the adapter information,
including general information about the wireless network adapter and the Network Driver
Interface Specification (NDIS) driver. Access the adapter information from the Diagnostics tab.

¾ Card Name - The name of the wireless network adapter.
¾ MAC Address - The MAC address of the wireless network adapter.
¾ Driver - The driver name and path of the wireless network adapter driver.
¾ Driver Version - The version of the wireless network adapter driver.
¾ Driver Date - The creation date of the wireless network adapter driver.
¾ Client Name - The name of the client computer.

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3.1.5 Check Receive and Transmit Statistical Information

The Advanced Statistics show receiving and transmitting statistical information about the
following receiving and transmitting diagnostics for frames received by or transmitted to the
wireless network adapter.

Figure 3-13

3.2 For Windows Vista

After the Adapter's driver has been installed, Windows Vista will display a wireless Network
Connection message like this one.

Figure 3-14

Icon

means the connection has been established. Icon means there is no connection.

To establish a connection, please follow the steps below.

1. Right-click the icon

in your system tray, then click Connect to a network.

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Figure 3-15

2. The following screen will show you available wireless networks. Highlight the one you want

to join, and then click Connect.

Figure 3-16

3. To continue, click Connect Anyway. Click the Cancel button to end the connection.

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Figure 3-17

4. If the connection is successful established, the following screen will appear. Click Close to

finish the connection.

Figure 3-18

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3.3 For Windows 7

TP-LINK Wireless Client Utility (TWCU) is not available for Windows 7. So after the Adapter's
driver has been installed, we have to use Windows WLAN Autoconfig to establish a connection.
Please follow the steps below.

1. Click the icon

at the bottom of your screen in your system tray and then you will see

the available wireless network list. Select the SSID of your Access Point and click
Connect.

Figure 3-19

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2. If your wireless network is secured, you will be required to enter the security key as shown

in Figure 3-20. Enter the passphrase, take 123456

7890 for example. And then click OK.

Figure 3-20

3. If the key entered is correct, you will successfully connect to the network as shown in

Figure 3-21.

Figure 3-21

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Chapter 4. Example for Application

4.1 Configuration of PSP XLink Online game

Please ensure the software and hardware environments are well established before configuring.
For hardware, at least a PC, a TL-WN422G High-Gain Wireless USB Adapter and a PSP
device are needed. For software, the TL-WN422G Adapter driver should be properly installed.

Please operate as follows:

1. Connect the website of X-LINK http://www.teamxlink.co.uk

to register, and download the latest

software of X-LINK Kai.

2. Install the X-LINK Kai software, click Start > All Programs > XLink Kai > Configure Kai,

then set as Figure 4-1.

Figure 4-1

3. After completing the settings, please click Start > All Programs > XLink Kai > Start Kai to

connect to XLink Kai.

4. Open the wireless mode of the PSP device, then start an internet game.

5. Click Start > Control Panel > Network.

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Figure 4-2

6. Right-click Wireless Network Connection icon

, and select Properties. In the following

prompt page, highlight Internet Protocol(TCP/IP) and click Properties

Figure 4-3

7. In the prompt page shown below, select Use the Following IP Address, and set the IP and

Subnet mask. After completing setting, click OK.

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Figure 4-4

8. Launch TL-WN422G Wireless Utility, and click Scan in the page of “Profile Management”,

then highlight the Network Name (SSID) beginning with “PSP” in the following “Available
Infrastructure and Ad Hoc Networks” page, and click Activate.

Figure 4-5

9. Check whether your PSP device is detected in the Diagnostics mode of Kai as Figure 4-6

shown: Click the icon

first and then click the folder .

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Figure 4-6

10. Click the icon

on the right top corner to enter the Arena Mode, highlight the arena of your

wanted game, and then join or start a new game.

Figure 4-7

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Appendix A: Specifications

Normal

Interface USB 2.0 Interface
Standards IEEE802.11g, IEEE802.11b
Operating System Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7

Radio Data Rate

11b：1/2/5.5/11Mbps
11g：6/9/12/18/24/36/48/54Mbps

Modulation

11b:CCK,QPSK,BPSK

11g:OFDM
Media Access Protocol CSMA/CA with ACK
Data Security WPA/WPA2; 64/128/152-bit WEP; TKIP/AES
Frequency 2.4 ~ 2.4835GHz
Spread Spectrum Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS)
Safety & Emissions FCC, CE

Environmental and Physical

Operating Temp. 0℃~40℃ (32 ~104℉℉)
Storage Temp. -20℃– 70 (℃ -4℉~158℉)
Humidity 10% - 95% RH, Non-condensing

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Appendix B: Glossary

¾ 802.11b - The 802.11b standard specifies a wireless product networking at 11 Mbps using

direct-sequence spread-spectrum (DSSS) technology and operating in the unlicensed radio
spectrum at 2.4GHz, and WEP encryption for security. 802.11b networks are also referred to
as Wi-Fi networks.

¾ 802.11g - specification for wireless networking at 54 Mbps using direct-sequence

spread-spectrum (DSSS) technology, using OFDM modulation and operating in the
unlicensed radio spectrum at 2.4GHz, and backward compatibility with IEEE 802.11b devices,
and WEP encryption for security.

¾ Ad-hoc Network - An ad-hoc network is a group of computers, each with a Wireless Adapter,

connected as an independent 802.11 wireless LAN. Ad-hoc wireless computers operate on a
peer-to-peer basis, communicating directly with each other without the use of an access point.
Ad-hoc mode is also referred to as an Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS) or as
peer-to-peer mode, and is useful at a departmental scale or SOHO operation.

¾ DSSS - (Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum) - DSSS generates a redundant bit pattern for all

data transmitted. This bit pattern is called a chip (or chipping code). Even if one or more bits
in the chip are damaged during transmission, statistical techniques embedded in the receiver
can recover the original data without the need of retransmission. To an unintended receiver,
DSSS appears as low power wideband noise and is rejected (ignored) by most narrowband
receivers. However, to an intended receiver (i.e. another wireless LAN endpoint), the DSSS
signal is recognized as the only valid signal, and interference is inherently rejected (ignored).

¾ FHSS - (Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum) - FHSS continuously changes (hops) the

carrier frequency of a conventional carrier several times per second according to a
pseudo-random set of channels. Because a fixed frequency is not used, and only the
transmitter and receiver know the hop patterns, interception of FHSS is extremely difficult.

¾ Infrastructure Network - An infrastructure network is a group of computers or other devices,

each with a Wireless Adapter, connected as an 802.11 wireless LAN. In infrastructure mode,
the wireless devices communicate with each other and to a wired network by first going
through an access point. An infrastructure wireless network connected to a wired network is
referred to as a Basic Service Set (BSS). A set of two or more BSS in a single network is
referred to as an Extended Service Set (ESS). Infrastructure mode is useful at a corporation
scale, or when it is necessary to connect the wired and wireless networks.

¾ Spread Spectrum - Spread Spectrum technology is a wideband radio frequency technique

developed by the military for use in reliable, secure, mission-critical communications systems.
It is designed to trade off bandwidth efficiency for reliability, integrity, and security. In other
words, more bandwidth is consumed than in the case of narrowband transmission, but the
trade off produces a signal that is, in effect, louder and thus easier to detect, provided that the
receiver knows the parameters of the spread-spectrum signal being broadcast. If a receiver is
not tuned to the right frequency, a spread-spectrum signal looks like background noise.
There are two main alternatives, Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) and Frequency

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Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS).

¾ SSID - A Service Set Identification is a thirty-two character (maximum) alphanumeric key

identifying a wireless local area network. For the wireless devices in a network to
communicate with each other, all devices must be configured with the same SSID. This is
typically the configuration parameter for a wireless PC card. It corresponds to the ESSID in
the wireless Access Point and to the wireless network name. See also Wireless Network
Name and ESSID.

¾ WEP - (Wired Equivalent Privacy) - A data privacy mechanism based on a 64-bit or 128-bit or

152-bit shared key algorithm, as described in the IEEE 802.11 standard. To gain access to a
WEP network, you must know the key. The key is a string of characters that you create.
When using WEP, you must determine the level of encryption. The type of encryption
determines the key length. 128-bit encryption requires a longer key than 64-bit encryption.
Keys are defined by entering in a string in HEX (hexadecimal - using characters 0-9, A-F) or
ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange – alphanumeric characters)
format. ASCII format is provided so you can enter a string that is easier to remember. The
ASCII string is converted to HEX for use over the network. Four keys can be defined so that
you can change keys easily.

¾ Wi-Fi - A trade name for the 802.11b wireless networking standard, given by the Wireless

Ethernet Compatibility Alliance (WECA, see http://www.wi-fi.net), an industry standards
group promoting interoperability among 802.11b devices.

¾ WLAN - (Wireless Local Area Network) - A group of computers and associated devices

communicate with each other wirelessly, which network serving users are limited in a local
area.

¾ WPA - (Wi-Fi Protected Access) - A wireless security protocol use TKIP (Temporal Key

Integrity Protocol) encryption, which can be used in conjunction with a RADIUS server.