MACK ECM Service Manual

ServiceManual

EngineControlModule(ECM),DiagnosticTroubleCode

(DTC),Guide

2010Emissions

CHU,CXU,GU,TD

Trucks

Group28

PV776-88961816

Foreword

Thedescriptionsandserviceprocedurescontainedinthismanualarebasedondesignsand
methodsstudiescarriedoutuptoMarch2010.

Theproductsareundercontinuousdevelopment.Vehiclesandcomponentsproducedafterthe
abovedatemaythereforehavedifferentspecicationsandrepairmethods.Whenthisisbelieved
tohaveasignicantbearingonthismanual,supplementaryservicebulletinswillbeissuedtocover
thechanges.

Theneweditionofthismanualwillupdatethechanges.

Inserviceprocedureswherethetitleincorporatesanoperationnumber ,thisisareferencetoa
LaborCode(StandardTime).

Serviceprocedureswhichdonotincludeanoperationnumberinthetitleareforgeneralinformation
andnoreferenceismadetoaLaborCode(StandardTime).

Eachsectionofthismanualcontainsspecicsafetyinformationandwarningswhichmustbe
reviewedbeforeperforminganyprocedure.Ifaprintedcopyofaprocedureismade,besureto
alsomakeaprintedcopyofthesafetyinformationandwarningsthatrelatetothatprocedure.The
followinglevelsofobservations,cautionsandwarningsareusedinthisServiceDocumentation:

Note:Indicatesaprocedure,practice,orconditionthatmustbefollowedinordertohavethe
vehicleorcomponentfunctioninthemannerintended.

Caution:Indicatesanunsafepracticewheredamagetotheproductcouldoccur.

Warning:Indicatesanunsafepracticewherepersonalinjuryorseveredamagetotheproduct

couldoccur.

Danger:Indicatesanunsafepracticewhereseriouspersonalinjuryordeathcouldoccur.

MackTrucks,Inc.

Greensboro,NCUSA

Ordernumber:PV776-88961816

Repl:

©2010MackTrucks,Inc.,Greensboro,NCUSA

Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinretrievalsystem,
ortransmittedinanyformsbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recordingor
otherwise,withoutthepriorwrittenpermissionofMackTrucks,Inc.

USA40713

Contents

DesignandFunction....................................................................................................................3

EngineControlModule(ECM)......................................................................................................3

OnBoardDiagnostic(OBD)Monitors............................................................................................4

Troubleshooting..........................................................................................................................22

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTroubleCodes(DTCs).....................................................22

1

2

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)

EngineControlModule(ECM)

DesignandFunction

Themanufacturerscantoolisthepreferredtoolfor
performingdiagnosticwork.Contactyourlocaldealerfor
moreinformationorvisit“www.premiumtechtool.com”.

SystemOverview

Sixelectroniccontrolunits(ECUs)areused;theenginecontrol
module(ECM),instrumentcontrolmodule(ICM),Vehicle
ElectronicControlUnit(VECU),transmissioncontrolmodule
(TCM),thegearselectorcontrolmodule(GSCM)andthe
aftertreatmentcontrolmodule(ACM).T ogether ,thesemodules
operateandcommunicatethroughtheSAEJ1939(CAN

1)datalinktocontrolavarietyofengineandvehiclecab
functions.TheECMcontrolssuchthingsasfueltimingand
delivery,fanoperation,engineprotectionfunctions,engine
brakeoperation,theexhaustgasrecirculation(EGR)valve
andtheturbochargernozzle.TheVECUcontrolscruise
controlfunctions,accessoryrelaycontrolsandidleshutdown
functions.TheICMprimarilydisplaysoperationalparameters
andcommunicatesthesetotheotherECUs.Allhavethe
capabilitytocommunicateovertheSAEJ1587datalink
primarilyforprogramming,diagnosticsanddatareporting.

Inadditiontotheircontrolfunctions,themoduleshaveon
boarddiagnostic(OBD)capabilities.TheOBDisdesignedto
detectfaultsorabnormalconditionsthatarenotwithinnormal
operatingparameters.Whenthesystemdetectsafaultor
abnormalcondition,thefaultwillbeloggedinoneorbothof
themodules’memory ,thevehicleoperatorwillbeadvisedthat
afaulthasoccurredbyilluminationamalfunctionindicator
lamp(MIL)andamessageinthedriverinformationdisplay ,
ifequipped.Themodulemayinitiatetheengineshutdown
procedureifthesystemdeterminesthatthefaultcoulddamage
theengine.

Note:Theuseofascantoolisnecessarytoperformdiagnostic
workaswellasclearingofanydiagnostictroublecodes
(DTCs).DTC(s)cannolongerbeclearedusingthevehicles
instrumentclusterdigitaldisplayandstalkswitchcontrol.

Theuseofascantoolisnecessarytoperformdiagnosticwork
aswellasclearingofanydiagnostictroublecodes(DTCs).
DTC(s)cannolongerbeclearedusingthevehiclesinstrument
clusterdigitaldisplayandstalkswitchcontrol.Additional
dataanddiagnostictestsareavailablewhenascantoolis
connectedtotheSerialCommunicationPort.

Fordiagnosticsoftware,contactyourlocaldealer.

TheECMisamicroprocessorbasedcontrollerprogrammed
toperformfuelinjectionquantityandtimingcontrol,diagnostic
faultlogging,andtobroadcastdatatootherECUs.Thefuel
quantityandinjectiontimingtoeachcylinderisprecisely
controlledtoobtainoptimalfueleconomyandreducedexhaust
emissionsinalldrivingsituations.

TheECMcontrolstheoperationoftheinjectors,enginebrake
solenoid,EGRvalve,turbochargernozzleposition,andcooling
fanclutchbasedoninputsfrommanysensorsandinformation
receivedoverthedatalinksfromotherECUs.

TheVECUandECMaredependentoneachothertoperform
theirspeciccontrolfunctions.Inadditiontoswitchandsensor
data,thebroadcastofdatabetweenmodulesalsoincludes
variouscalculationsandconclusionsthateachmodulehas
developed,basedontheinputinformationithasreceived.

Insomesituationswhenafaultisdetected,thesystemwill
entera"derate"mode.Thederatemodeallowscontinued
vehicleoperationbutthesystemmaysubstituteasensor
orsignalvaluethatmayresultinreducedperformance.In
someinstances,thesystemwillcontinuetofunctionbut
enginepowermaybelimitedtoprotecttheengineandvehicle.
Diagnostictroublecodes(DTCs)loggedinthesystemmemory
canlaterberead,toaidindiagnosingtheproblemusinga
diagnosticcomputerorthroughtheinstrumentclusterdisplay ,
ifequipped.WhendiagnosinganintermittentDTCorcondition,
itmaybenecessarytouseascantoolconnectedtotheSerial
CommunicationPort.

3

Group28

OnBoardDiagnostic(OBD)Monitors

SystemElectronicControlUnit(ECU)Overview

OnBoardDiagnostic(OBD)Monitors

Theenginecontrolmodule(ECM)monitorsandmodels(using
physicalprinciples)engineparameterstomonitortheengine
system’sperformanceinrealtime.Thisisperformedtoaidthe
ECMwithitsselfdiagnosticcapabilities.Manysensorsare
usedforinputtotheemissioncontrolsystem.

Thesystemcontainsthefollowing“emissioncritical”ECUs
thataremonitored;

•EngineControlModule(ECM)

•VehicleElectronicControlUnit(VECU)

•AftertreatmentControlModule(ACM)

•AftertreatmentNitrogenOxides(NOx)Sensors

•EngineV ariableGeometryTurbocharger(VGT)Smart

RemoteActuator(SRA)

MalfunctionIndicatorLamp(MIL),DescriptionandLocation

AMILlocatedintheinstrumentcluster.Thisambercolored
lampisusedtoinformthedriverthata“emissioncritical”
malfunctionsignalhasoccurred.

TheseECUsallcommunicatewiththeECMviadatalinks.The
VECUcommunicatesacrosstheSAEJ1939(CAN1)datalink
whiletheothersusetheSAEJ1939-7(CAN2)datalink.
TheOBDsystemsuseSAEJ1939datalinkprotocolfor
communicationwithscantoolsbut,MACKtrucksstillare
capableofcommunicatingviatheSAEJ1587datalinkfor
diagnostics.Theuseofascantoolisnecessarytoperform
diagnosticworkaswellasclearingofanydiagnostictrouble
codes(DTCs).DTC(s)cannolongerbeclearedusingthe
vehiclesinstrumentclusterdigitaldisplayandstalkswitch
control.

ThereareotherECUssuchastheInstrumentControlModule
(ICM),TransmissionControlModule(TCM)andAnti-lock
BrakeSystem(ABS)Modulethatprovidedatatotheemission
controlsystemorthediagnosticsystembutarenot“emission
critical”.

W2036007

4

Group28

SystemsMonitoringInformation

SectionContent

OnBoardDiagnostic(OBD)Monitors

•“AcceleratorPedalPosition(APP)Sensor,Overview”,page

6

•“Active/intrusiveInjection(AftertreatmentHydrocarbon

DoserClogging)”,page6

•“AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)Feedback

Control”,page6

•“AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)Quality”,page

6

•“AftertreatmentDieselParticulateFilter(DPF)”,page6

•“AftertreatmentDieselParticulateFilter(DPF)Regeneration

Frequency”,page6

•“AftertreatmentDieselParticulateFilter(DPF)Incomplete

Regeneration”,page6

•“AftertreatmentDieselParticulateFilter(DPF)Regeneration

FeedbackControl”,page6

•“AftertreatmentFuelSystem,RationalityMonitors”,page7

•“AftertreatmentNon-MethaneHydroCarbons(NMHC)

Catalyst”,page7

•“AftertreatmentNitrogenOxides(NOx)Sensor(s)

Overview”,page7

•“AftertreatmentSelectiveCatalyticReduction(SCR)”,page

7

•“AftertreatmentSelectiveCatalyticReduction(SCR)

ConversionEfciency”,page7

•“AmbientAirT emperature(AAT)Sensor,Overview”,page

7

•“ChargeAirCooler(CAC)”,page8

•“CombinedMonitoring”,page8

•“CrankcaseVentilation”,page8

•“CrankcaseVentilationDiagnosticFunction”,page8

•“EngineControlModule(ECM),RationalityMonitors”,page

8

•“EngineCoolantT emperature(ECT)SensorOverview”,

page8

•“ExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR)”,page8

•“ExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR)LowFlow”,page8

•“ExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR)HighFlow”,page8

•“ExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR)SlowResponse”,page

9

•“ExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR)FeedbackControl”,

page9

•“ExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR)CoolerPerformance”,

page9

•“Exotherm”,page9

•“FilteringPerformance”,page9

•“FuelSystem”,page9

•“IdleSpeed,RationalityMonitors”,page9

•“IntakeManifoldPressure(IMP)ControlSystem”,page9

•“Misre”,page10

•“MissingSubstrate”,page10

•“Over-boost”,page10

•“ParkingBrakeSwitch,Overview”,page10

•“PowerTake-off(PTO)EnableSwitch,Overview”,page10

•“SAEJ1939(CAN1)DataLink,Overview”,page10

•“ThermostatMonitor”,page10

•“Time/DateOverview”,page10

•“VariableGeometryTurbocharger(VGT)Feedback

Control”,page10

•“VehicleSpeedSensor(VSS),Overview”,page11

•“Under-boost”,page11

•“VariableGeometryTurbocharger(VGT)SlowResponse”,

page11

5

Group28

AcceleratorPedalPosition(APP)Sensor,Overview

OnBoardDiagnostic(OBD)Monitors

TheAPPsensorinputisananalogvoltagesignalproportional
tothepedalpositionthatisreadbythevehicleelectronic
controlunit(VECU).Theangularpositionofthepedalis
dividedinthreedifferentareasusedforfaultdetection
and/orrecovery.Thevaluethatistransmittedundernormal

Active/intrusiveInjection(AftertreatmentHydrocarbonDoserClogging)

Thisdiagnosticisbasedonthecheckingtheaftertreatment
dieselparticulatelter(DPF)intaketemperatureduring
aftertreatmentDPFactiveparkedregenerationcycles.If
theaftertreatmentDPFintaketemperaturedoesnotreacha

AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)FeedbackControl

TheaftertreatmentDEFcontrolconsistsofafeedforward
controltogetherwithafeedbackcontrol.Thefeedforward
controlvalueishowmuchureathatmustbeinjectedinorder

AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)Quality

AftertreatmentDEFqualityisevaluatedanddetermined
throughconversionefciency .IftheaftertreatmentSCR
systemefciencyisbelowthespeciedlimit,afaultisreported.

AftertreatmentDieselParticulateFilter(DPF)

conditions(valueof0-100%),isdirectlyproportionaltothe
pedal’sangularposition.Thephysicalacceleratorassembly
alsosupportsadigitalDCvoltage(On/Off)generatedbyan
idlevalidation(IV)switchthatisalsopoweredbythesame
regulatedreferencevoltagesource.

minimumregenerationtemperaturewithinaspeciedtime
thentheaftertreatmenthydrocarbondoserisconsideredto
beclogged.

toobtainthedemandednitrogenoxides(NOx)conversion
efciency.Thefeedbackcontrolstheammonia(NH3)bufferin
theaftertreatmentselectivecatalyticreduction(SCR).

TheaftertreatmentDPFcollectsparticulateandsootin
aceramicwall-owsubstrate.Thestrategytomanage
theaccumulationofsootistotakeadvantageofnatural
aftertreatmentDPFpassiveregenerationwheneverpossible,

andtoinvokeanoperatingmodethatenhancesaftertreatment
DPFpassiveregenerationwhennecessary.Aftertreatment
DPFactiveregenerationisperformedusinganaftertreatment
hydrocarbondoser.

AftertreatmentDieselParticulateFilter(DPF)RegenerationFrequency

ThisfunctiondetectsiftheaftertreatmentDPFregeneration
frequencyincreasestoalevelthatitwouldcausethe
non-methanehydrocarbon(NMHC)emissionstoexceed
thelegallimitationorifthefrequencyexceedsthedesign

requirements.IfthenumberofaftertreatmentDPF
regenerationsareabovethethresholdattheendofthetime
periodafaultisreported.

AftertreatmentDieselParticulateFilter(DPF)IncompleteRegeneration

TheaftertreatmentDPFregenerationstrategyistoreducethe
sootlevelintheDPFusingpassiveregeneration.However,
ifthedrivingconditionsdonotenableenoughexhaustheat
forpassiveregenerationtokeepupwiththesootloadingan
activeparkedaftertreatmentDPFregenerationwillberequired.

AninterruptedparkedaftertreatementDPFregeneration
isdetectedbythisfunction.Thisisnotafaultmodebut
handledbytheaftertreatmentsystem.Iftheratiobetween
theuncompletedandcompletedregenerationsisabovethe
speciedlimit,afaultisreported.

AftertreatmentDieselParticulateFilter(DPF)RegenerationFeedbackControl

Thisfunctionmonitorstheparticulatematterregeneration
feedbackcontrolanddetects:

notbereachedoriftheactuatorissaturatedmorethanagiven
percentageofthetime.

•Ifthesystemfailstobeginfeedbackcontrol

•Ifafailureordeteriorationcausesopenloop

•Ifthefeedbackcontrolhasusedupalloftheallowed

adjustment

Whentheaftertreatmenthydrocarbondoserisused,the
feedbackcontrolismonitoredforasaturatedcontrollerora
saturatedactuator.Asaturatedcontrolleroractuatormeans
thatallallowedadjustmenthasbeenusedup.Themonitors
detectamalfunctionifthecontrollerissaturatedmorethana
givenpercentageofthetimeandthetargettemperaturecan

6

Group28

AftertreatmentFuelSystem,RationalityMonitors

OnBoardDiagnostic(OBD)Monitors

Theaftertreatmentfuelsystemconsistsofaaftertreatmentfuel
shutoffvalve,aseparateaftertreatmenthydrocarbondoser
(injector),andanaftertreatmentfuelpressuresensor.The
aftertreatmentfuelshutoffvalvediagnosticfunctionlookatthe
aftertreatmentfuelpressurewhenthevalveisopenedand
closed.Whenconditionsareproperforthediagnostic,the
functionrequestsanopeningoftheaftertreatmentfuelshutoff
valveinordertopressurizetheaftertreatmentfuelsystem.

AftertreatmentNon-MethaneHydroCarbons(NMHC)Catalyst

Todetectwhenthehydrocarbonconversionfailsinthe
aftertreatmentdieseloxidationcatalyst(DOC),thetemperature
reactionattheaftertreatmentDOCoutletismonitoredwhen
fuelisinjectedintheexhaust.Theamountofhydrocarbon
suppliedbytheaftertreatmenthydrocarbondoserwill
determinetheexpectedincreaseintemperatureafterthe
aftertreatmentDOC.Theaftertreatmenthydrocarbondoser

AftertreatmentNitrogenOxides(NOx)Sensor(s)Overview

TheNOxsensorsconsistof:

•Housingholdingthesensingelement.

•Anelectroniccontrolunit(ECU),interfacingthesensorand

theenginecontrolmodule(ECM).

•Awire,electricallyconnectingthesensingelementwith

theECU.

TherearetwoaftertreatmentNOxsensors,onebeforeand
oneaftertheaftertreatmentselectivecatalyticreduction(SCR)
catalyst.TheaftertreatmentNOxsensorbeforeandafterSCR
catalysthaveuniqueCANidenticationnumbershencecan
notbeswapped.ThesensorbeforetheSCRcatalystmonitors
theengineoutNOxlevel.ThesensorafterSCRmonitors
systemoutNOxlevel.

Thisactionshouldincreasesystempressure.Whenthe
aftertreatmentfuelshutoffvalveisclosedthesystempressure
shoulddecreasesincethevalvehasaninternaldrainpipethat
constantlydepressurizesthesystem.Formoreinformation
aboutthesecomponentsreferto
Sensor,CircuitMonitors”,page16,“AftertreatmentFuel
ShutoffValve,CircuitMonitors”,page16or
HydrocarbonDoser,CircuitMonitors”,page16.

injectionrate(dutycycle)ismonitoredandusedtocalculate
whetherthereshouldbeacorrespondingheatreaction.
Onceithasreachedanacceptableaccumulateddutycycle
theexpectedtemperaturedifferencecanbecalculated.
Thisdifferenceshouldthenbeaboveacertainlimitifthe
hydrocarbonconversionwasachieved.

AftertreatmentNOxsensordiagnosticsmonitorthesensors
signalqualityandperformance.Thepurposeofthisfunctionis
todetectthefollowing,

“AftertreatmentFuelPressure

“Aftertreatment

•Badsignalquality

•Removedsensor

•Missingsignal

CircuitintegrityoftheaftertreatmentNOxsensorischecked
bythesensoritselfandthestatusistransmittedtotheengine
controlmodule(ECM)overtheCANdatalink.Thefollowing
canbetransmitted,

•opencircuit

•highvoltage

•circuitloworhigh

AftertreatmentSelectiveCatalyticReduction(SCR)

TheaftertreatmentSCRsystemisacatalystsystemthatis
usedtoreduceexhaustNitrogenOxides(NOx)emissions.
Thisreductionisperformedbyinjectingdieselexhaustuid
(DEF)(aureasolution)intotheexhaustfumespriortothe
aftertreatmentSCRcatalyst.Achemicalprocessperformed
byaftertreatmentSCRcatalystandDEF ,convertsNOxto

AftertreatmentSelectiveCatalyticReduction(SCR)ConversionEfciency

TheaftertreatmentSCRcatalystdiagnosiscalculatesthelow
temperatureperformanceoftheaftertreatmentSCRsystem
andcomparesittotheperformancewhenthecatalystis
warmenoughtoreachhighnitrogenoxides(NOx)conversion.

AmbientAirTemperature(AAT)Sensor,Overview

TheAATsensorisananaloginputthatisreadbythe
instrumentclusterelectroniccontrolunit.Theinstrument
clusterprocessestherawsignalandtransmitstheAA Tvalue
ontheSAEJ1939datalink.Thevehicleelectroniccontrolunit
(VECU)receivestheAA Tvalueandbasedoncertainvehicle
conditionsthevalueisadjusted.TheVECUthentransmits

nitrogenoxide(NO)andwater(H2O).Theaftertreatment
controlmodule(ACM)isusedtocontroltheaftertreatment
SCRcomponentsandrelayssysteminformationtotheEngine
ControlModule(ECM).TheECMcontrolstheoverallsystem
function.

Thisisbasedonthepremisethatadeterioratedcatalystcan
beconsideredasacatalystwithlessvolume.Thevolume
iscriticaltoreachthelowtemperatureperformanceofthe
aftertreatmentSCRsystem.

theAATvaluebackontheSAEJ1939datalinkwhereitis
receivedbytheenginecontrolmodule(ECM).

7

Group28

ChargeAirCooler(CAC)

OnBoardDiagnostic(OBD)Monitors

ThenominalCACefciencyisamapbasedonmassairow
(MAF)andambientairtemperature(AAT).Themethodto
evaluatetheCACefciencyistocompareanominalCAC

CombinedMonitoring

Cylinderbalancingfunctionisusedtodetectfuelsystem
pressure,quantityandtimingfault.Byprocessingthetooth
timescylinderbalancingdetectsifthecombustionpower
contributionfromoneorseveralcylindersistooweekortoo
strongandneedtobecompensatedtogetevencombustion

CrankcaseVentilation

Thecrankcasepressure(CCP)dependsontheblow-byow
andtheunderpressuregeneratedbytheseparator.Blow-by
gasescomemainlyfromthecombustionwhenexhaustgas
passesthepistonrings.Amalfunctioningofthevalveguides,

CrankcaseVentilationDiagnosticFunction

Whenthehighspeedseparatorenablingconditionsexist,
theminimumvalueofthedifferencebetweencrankcaseand
barometricpressure(BARO)duringatimeperiodisstored.

EngineControlModule(ECM),RationalityMonitors

IfelectricalpowertotheECMislostorverylow,theECMwill
stoptofunctioningandtheenginewillstop.Otherelectronic

efciencywithonecalculatedbasedontheexhaustgas
recirculation(EGR)andtheintakeairtemperature(IA T)sensor
alongwiththeircorrespondingmassows.

powerfromallcylinders.Thecompensationiscalculatedat
thelowerenginespeed(RPM)andtorqueregionsduringwarm
enginewheretheimpactfromeachcombustionbecomesmost
visible.Ifthecompensationbecomestoohighortoolowfault
isdetected.

ortheturbochargercanalsocontribute.Theblow-bygases
consistofexhaustgasesmixedwithoil.Ahighspeedrotating
separatorisusedtoexpelengineoilfromthesegases.

Thesystemperformshighspeedandlowspeedevaluationsof
theseparatortoconcludeifthesystemistight.

controlunits(ECUs)ontheSAEJ1939(CAN1)datalinkwill
indicatethatdatafromtheECUismissing.

EngineCoolantT emperature(ECT)SensorOverview

TheECTsensorismonitoredforrationalityatkeyONby
comparingtheECTwiththeotherenginetemperaturesensors
(engineoiltemperature(EOT)andengineturbocharger
compressoroutlettemperature).Usingthiscomparisonthe
followingconclusionsmaybemadewhenaproblemoccurs:

•UnabletoreachClosedloop/FeedbackenableT emperature

(coveredbythermostatwarmeduptemperature)

•TimetoreachClosedloop/FeedbackenableT emperature

(coveredbythermostatwarmeduptemperature)

ExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR)

US2010emissionlevelMACKenginesuseEGRtoenhance
engineoutNitrogenOxides(NOx)control.EGRowis
managedusinganEGRvalveandaV ariableGeometry
Turbocharger(VGT)nozzleposition.Theseactuatorsettings
arebasedonopenloopsettingsestablishedtoachieve

ExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR)LowFlow

ThisfunctionmonitorsthereductionofEGRowintheEGR
system,i.e.toolowEGRmassowcomparedwithdemand.It
isactivatedwhentheengineenterstheburnedfractionmode

•StuckinarangebelowthehighestminimumEnable

temperature

•StuckinaRangeAbovetheLowestmaximumEnable

temperature-RationalityCheck

Whentheengineisused,thethreetemperaturesarenot
thesameanddependingonhowfasttheengineisrestarted
normaldifferenceswillbefound.Whenthesedifferencesand
theambientairtemperature(AAT)exceedsalimit,thefault
limitsareadjustedinordertoallowthesedifferences.

desiredburnedfractionrates.Thesesettingscanbemodied
inaclosedloopburnedfractionmodebyfeedbackfroma
combustionpropertymodel.TheEGRsystemisdiagnosedby
monitoringtheburnedfractionwhenevertheengineenters
burnedfractionclosedloopmode.

withminimumdemandforBFandtheenginespeed/torqueis
inarangewhereEGRowmeasurementsandBFcalculations
havesufcientaccuracy.

ExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR)HighFlow

ThisfunctiondiagnosestoomuchEGRinthesystem,i.e.too
highEGRmassowcomparedwiththedemand.Thisfunction
handlespositivedeviationswhenEGRclosedloopcontrolis
active.WhenclosedloopEGRcontrolisentered,aninitial
differencebetweenmeasuredburnedfractionandburned

8

fractiondemandmightexist.Duetothefactthatsometime
isneededforadaptation,notallthedifferenceistakeninto
account.

Group28

ExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR)SlowResponse

OnBoardDiagnostic(OBD)Monitors

Asdescribedin“ExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR)LowFlow”,
page8and“ExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR)HighFlow”,
page8,thedeviationbetweenthedemandedandmeasured

ExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR)FeedbackControl

Thisfunctiondetects:

•Ifanyofthefeedbackcontrolloopsarenotachieved.

ExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR)CoolerPerformance

Thisfunctionusesanequationbasedoffofengine
turbochargerturbineintaketemperature,EGRtemperature
andtheenginecoolanttemperature(ECT),tocalculatecooler

Exotherm

Exotherm,exothermicorexothermalallrefertoachemical
changethatisaccompaniedbyagreatreleaseofheat.
Theaftertreatmentheatingfunctionusestheaftertreatment
hydrocarbondoser,toheatuptheexhaustsystemforparked
aftertreatmentdieselparticulatelter(DPF)regeneration.
Whentheaftertreatmenthydrocarbondoserisusedthe
hydrocarbons(HC)createanexothermintheaftertreatment

burnedfractionaremonitoredwhenEGRclosedloopcontrol
isactive.Slowresponseisdetectedwhenthedeviation
(high/low)abovethethresholdisdetected.

•Iffeedbackcontrolmodeisinhibited.

efciency.Thecalculatedefciencyisdeemedtoolowifitis
belowacertainconstantlimit.

dieseloxidationcatalyst(DOC).Theaftertreatment
hydrocarbondoserinjectionrate(dutycycle)ismonitoredand
usedtocalculatewhetherthereshouldbeacorresponding
exotherm.Astartingtemperaturevalueissetwhenthe
aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoserstartstoinjectfuel.Assoon
asthemodelsaysthatexothermshouldoccur,thedifference
iscalculatedtoidentifywhetherithasoccurred.

FilteringPerformance

Amalfunctionoftheaftertreatmentdieselparticulatelter
(DPF)canbedetectedbyanalysingthepressuredropoverthe
aftertreatmentDPF .DuringtheaftertreatmentDPFevaluation,

FuelSystem

TheD13Lengineusesaunitinjectorsystem(asopposed
toarailinjectorsystem)toinjectfuelinthecylinders.The
unitinjectorsarenotequippedwithanypressuresensors
andthereforeitisnotpossibletomeasurefuelpressure.
Diagnosticsofthefuelinjectionsystemisdoneusingthe

IdleSpeed,RationalityMonitors

Thetargetidleenginespeed(RPM)andfuelinjectionquantity
aremonitoredintheidlecontrolsystem.Thediagnosis
monitorscomparethemeasuredenginespeed(RPM)
(averagedovereachenginecycle)andtargetidleengine
speed(RPM).Theaccumulateddifferenceisaveragedovera
numberofrevolutions.Iftheaverageddifferenceisaboveor

IntakeManifoldPressure(IMP)ControlSystem

AIMPsensorlocatedintheintakemanifoldisusedto
measureIMP .TheIMPsystemismonitoredbycomparing
target/estimatedIMPwithactualmeasuredpressureduring
certainenginespeed(RPM)orload.
Thetarget/estimatedIMPiscontinuouslycalculatedbasedon
enginespeedandfuelangleandadjustedfortheinuenceof
variablegeometryturbocharger(VGT)nozzleposition,exhaust
gasrecirculation(EGR)positionandbarometricpressure
(BARO).

thelowerandupperlimitingvaluesofthemeasuredpressure
droparecalculated.Ifthepressuredropislowerorhigher
thanexpectedafaultindicationoccurs.

crankshaftposition(CKP)sensor.Theywheelofthe
enginehasslotsmachinedat6degreeintervalsaroundits
circumference.Threegapswheretwoslotsaremissing,are
equallyspacedarounditscircumferencealso.Thethreegaps
areusedtoidentifythenextcylinderinringorder.

belowthedenedfaultlimits,diagnostictroublecodes(DTCs)
willbesetforhighfaultandforlowfault,respectively.
Thesameholdstrueforthefuelquantity.Theaccumulated
fuelvalueisaveragedoveranumberofrevolutions.Ifthe
averageddifferenceisabove,DTCswillbesetforhighfault.

9

Group28

Misre

OnBoardDiagnostic(OBD)Monitors

ThemisremonitorisdisabledduringPowerTakeOff(PTO)
operation.Itisactiveduringpositivebraketorque,idle,and
highidle.Enginemisreeventsaremonitoredbymeasuring
toothtimesonthecrankwheelthatindicatescombustion
accelerationineachcylinder.Itisalsopossibletocomparethe
previousaccelerationcontributiononeachcylinderinorderto
examineiftherehasbeenamisreornot.

MissingSubstrate

Theaftertreatmentdieselparticulatelter(DPF)is
backpressuremonitored.Thismonitoringisusedtodetermine

Over-boost

Ifthemeasuredintakemanifoldpressure(IMP)isoverthe
deviationupperlimitthenthehighboostaveragecalculationis
positive.IfthemeasuredIMPisbelowthedeviationupperlimit

ParkingBrakeSwitch,Overview

Theparkingbrakeswitchisapressureswitchthatisphysically
connectedtothevehicle’sparkingbrakepneumaticcircuitand
isusedtodetermineiftheparkingbrakeisappliedorreleased.
Theparkingbrakeswitchsignalisreceivedbythevehicle
electroniccontrolunit(VECU).Whenthevehicle’sparking

Aftermonitoringmisreeventsduringidleconditionsforthe
accumulationoflessthan15seconds,thepercentageof
misreisevaluated.Ifthepercentageofmisreexceedsthe
thresholdlimit,themisrediagnostictroublecode(DTC)will
besetforthefault.

whethertheaftertreatmentDPFiseitherclogged,missingor
signicantlycracked.

thenthehighboostintegrationisnegative.Iftheintegrated
valueexceedsthemaximumlimitafaultforhighIMPisset.

brakeisappliedagroundsignalisappliedtotheinputandthe
VECUacknowledgestheparkingbrakeasbeingapplied.The
parkingbrakeswitchsignalisprovidedtotheenginecontrol
module(ECM)viatheSAEJ1939datalink.

PowerTake-off(PTO)EnableSwitch,Overview

ThePTOenableswitchisaninputthatisreadbythevehicle
electroniccontrolunit(VECU).When12Visappliedtothe
inputtheVECUacknowledgesthePTOfunctionisbeing

SAEJ1939(CAN1)DataLink,Overview

Communicationbetweentheelectroniccontrolunits(ECUs)is
performedviathevehicle’sSAEJ1939(CAN1)datalinkandis
accessiblefordiagnosticsthroughthevehicle’sSAEJ1939-13
datalinkconnector(DLC).Thisdatalinkisthemainpowertrain
communicationbus.

ThermostatMonitor

Thisfeaturemonitorsandcomparestheenginecoolant
temperature(ECT),enginespeed(RPM),enginetorque,fan

Time/DateOverview

Thetimeanddateiscalculatedfromaninternalclockwithin
theinstrumentcluster.Theinternalclockisbackedupby
aninternalbatterythereforethetimeanddateisretained
evenwhenvehiclebatterysupplytotheinstrumentclusteris

commandedon.ThePTOEnableswitchsignalisprovided
totheenginecontrolmodule(ECM)fromtheVECUbyvia
theSAEJ1939datalink.

Diagnostictroublecodes(DTCs)aresetforthisdatalinkwhen
anECUisfoundtonotbecommunicatingorrecognizedonthe
datalink(offbusmode)orwhenthereisanabnormalrateof
occurrenceoferrorsonthedatalink.

speedandambientairtemperature(AA T)toconcludewhen
thethermostatmaybestuckopenorclosed.

removed.Thetimeanddatesignalisprovidedtotheengine
controlmodule(ECM)fromtheinstrumentclusterviatheSAE
J1939datalink.

VariableGeometryTurbocharger(VGT)FeedbackControl

Thisfunctiondetects:

Ifanyofthefeedbackcontrolloopsarenotachieved.

Iffeedbackcontrolmodeisinhibited.

Iftheactuatorshaveusedupalltheadjustmentallowedwhen
infeedbackmode.

10

Group28

VehicleSpeedSensor(VSS),Overview

OnBoardDiagnostic(OBD)Monitors

Thevehicleroadspeediscalculatedbythevehicleelectronic
controlunit(VECU).Thesourceforcalculatingvehicleroad
speedcanbederivedfrommultiplesourcesdependingon
vehicleequipment.Sometrucksmayuseadedicatedspeed

Under-boost

Ifthemeasuredintakemanifoldpressure(IMP)islessthanthe
deviationlowerlimitthenthelowboostaveragecalculationis
negative.IfthemeasuredIMPisabovethedeviationlower

VariableGeometryTurbocharger(VGT)SlowResponse

TheVGTactuatorreportsafaulttotheenginecontrolmodule
(ECM)whenithasdetectedthattheVGTnozzleisnot
moving,orifithasnotbeenabletoclosetheset-pointerrorto
acceptablelimits.

sensor(whichmaybeinductiveorhalleffecttype)andsome
mayusethetransmissionoutputshaftspeed(OSS)sensor
signalwhichiscommunicatedacrosstheSAEJ1939datalink.

limitthenthelowboostintegrationispositive.Iftheintegrated
valuebecomeslessthantheminimumlimitafaultforlowIMP
isset.

11

Group28

SensorandComponentInformation

SectionContent

OnBoardDiagnostic(OBD)Monitors

•“AcceleratorPedalPosition(APP)Sensor,CircuitMonitors”,

page14

•“AcceleratorPedalPosition(APP)Sensor,Rationality

Monitors”,page14

•“AftertreatmentControlModule(ACM),Rationality

Monitors”,page14

•“AftertreatmentControlModule(ACM)5VoltSupply1,

CircuitMonitors”,page14

•“AftertreatmentControlModule(ACM)5VoltSupply2,

CircuitMonitors”,page14

•“AftertreatmentControlModule(ACM)ActuatorSupply

Voltage1,CircuitMonitors”,page14

•“AftertreatmentControlModule(ACM)ActuatorSupply

Voltage2,CircuitMonitors”,page14

•“AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)DosingValve,

CircuitMonitors”,page14

•“AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)DosingValve,

RationalityMonitors”,page14

•“AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)Pressure

Sensor,CircuitMonitors”,page14

•“AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)Pressure

Sensor,RationalityMonitors”,page15

•“AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)Pump,Circuit

Monitors”,page15

•“AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)Pump,

RationalityMonitors”,page15

•“AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)ReturnValue,

CircuitMonitors”,page15

•“AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)ReturnValve,

RationalityMonitors”,page15

•“AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)T ankHeater

Valve,CircuitMonitors”,page15

•“AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)T ankHeater

Valve,RationalityMonitors”,page15

•“AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)T ank

TemperatureSensor,CircuitMonitors”,page15

•“AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)T ank

TemperatureSensor,RationalityMonitors”,page15

•“AftertreatmentDieselParticulateFilter(DPF),Differential

PressureSensor,CircuitMonitoring”,page15

•“AftertreatementDieselParticulateFilter(DPF)Differential

PressureSensor,RationalityMonitors”,page16

•“AftertreatmentFuelPressureSensor,CircuitMonitors”,

page16

•“AftertreatmentFuelShutoffValve,CircuitMonitors”,page

16

•“AftertreatmentHydrocarbonDoser,CircuitMonitors”,page

16

12

•“AftertreatmentNitrogenOxides(NOx)Sensors,Circuit

Monitors”,page16

•“AftertreatmentNitrogenOxides(NOx)Sensors,Rationality

Monitors”,page16

•“AmbientAirTemperature(AAT)Sensor ,CircuitMonitors”,

page16

•“AmbientAirT emperature(AA T)Sensor,Rationality

Monitors”,page16

•“BarometricPressure(Baro)SensorCircuitMonitoring”,

page16

•“BarometricPressure(BARO)SensorRationalityMonitors”,

page16

•“CamshaftPosition(CMP)Sensor,CircuitMonitors”,page

17

•“CamshaftPosition(CMP)Sensor,RationalityMonitors”,

page17

•“CrankcasePressure(CCP)Sensor,CircuitMonitors”,

page17

•“CrankcasePressure(CCP)Sensor,RationalityMonitors”,

page17

•“CrankshaftPosition(CKP)Sensor,CircuitMonitors”,page

17

•“CrankshaftPosition(CKP)Sensor,RationalityMonitors”,

page17

•“EngineControlModule(ECM)5VoltSupplyA,Circuit

Monitors”,page17

•“EngineControlModule(ECM)5VoltSupplyB,Circuit

Monitors”,page17

•“EngineCoolantT emperature(ECT)Sensor,Circuit

Monitors”,page17

•“EngineCoolantT emperature(ECT)Sensor,Rationality

Monitors”,page17

•“EngineExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR),Differential

PressureSensor,CircuitMonitoring”,page17

•“EngineExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR),Differential

PressureSensor,RationalityMonitors”,page18

•“EngineExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR)T emperature

Sensor,CircuitMonitors”,page18

•“EngineExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR)T emperature

Sensor,RationalityMonitors”,page18

•“EngineExhaustGasTemperature(EGT)Sensors,Circuit

Monitors”,page18

Group28

OnBoardDiagnostic(OBD)Monitors

•“EngineExhaustGasT emperature(EGT)Sensors,

RationalityMonitors”,page18

•“EngineTurbochargerCompressorBypassValveSolenoid,

CircuitMonitors”,page18

•“EngineTurbochargerCompressorBypassValveSolenoid,

RationalityMonitors”,page18

•“EngineTurbochargerCompressorOutletT emperature

Sensor,CircuitMonitors”,page18

•“EngineTurbochargerCompressorOutletT emperature

Sensor,RationalityMonitors”,page18

•“EngineTurbochargerSpeedSensor,CircuitMonitors”,

page19

•“EngineTurbochargerSpeedSensor,RationalityMonitors”,

page19

•“EngineVariableGeometryTurbocharger(VGT)Actuator

Position,CircuitMonitors”,page19

•“EngineVariableGeometryTurbocharger(VGT)Actuator

Position,RationalityMonitors”,page19

•“ExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR)ValveActuator,Circuit

Monitors”,page19

•“ExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR)ValveActuator,

RationalityMonitors”,page19

•“Fan,CircuitMonitors”,page19

•“Fan,RationalityMonitors”,page19

•“Injector,CircuitMonitors”,page20

•“IntakeAirTemperature(IAT)Sensor,CircuitMonitors”,

page20

•“IntakeAirT emperature(IAT)Sensor ,RationalityMonitors”,

page20

•“IntakeManifoldPressure(IMP)SensorCircuitMonitoring”,

page20

•“IntakeManifoldPressure(IMP)SensorRationality

Monitors”,page20

•“Injector,RationalityMonitors”,page20

•“ParkingBrakeSwitch,CircuitMonitors”,page20

•“ParkingBrakeSwitch,RationalityMonitors”,page20

•“PowerT ake-off(PTO)EnableSwitch,CircuitMonitors”,

page20

•“PowerT ake-off(PTO)EnableSwitch,Rationality

Monitors”,page20

•“SAEJ1939(CAN1)DataLink,CircuitMonitors”,page21

•“SAEJ1939(CAN1)DataLink,RationalityMonitors”,page

21

•“SAEJ1939(CAN2)DataLink,Overview”,page21

•“SAEJ1939(CAN2)DataLink,CircuitMonitors”,page21

•“SAEJ1939(CAN2)DataLink,RationalityMonitors”,page

21

•“Time/Date,CircuitMonitoring”,page21

•“Time/Date,RationalityMonitoring”,page21

•“VehicleSpeedSensor(VSS),CircuitMonitors”,page21

•“VehicleSpeedSensor(VSS),RationalityMonitors”,page

21

13

Group28

AcceleratorPedalPosition(APP)Sensor,CircuitMonitors

OnBoardDiagnostic(OBD)Monitors

Bothsignalsarecontinuouslymonitored(sampled)bythe
vehicleelectroniccontrolunit(VECU)at50msintervalsto
detectanydistortionordisruptionofthesesignals.Signals
detectedasinvalidforaperiodextendingover500mstrigger
activefaultsthatarebroadcastbytheVECU.TheAPPsensor
circuitsaremonitoredtoidentifythefollowing:

AcceleratorPedalPosition(APP)Sensor,RationalityMonitors

Thevehicleelectroniccontrolunit(VECU)simultaneously
readstheAPPsensorandtheidlevalidation(IV)switchvalues
andperformingaplausibilitytoverifysensorperformance.

AftertreatmentControlModule(ACM),RationalityMonitors

IfelectricalpowertotheACMislostorverylowtheACMwill
stopfunctioning.Aftertreatmentdieselexhaustuid(DEF)
dosingwillstop.Theenginecontrolmodule(ECM)willloga

AftertreatmentControlModule(ACM)5VoltSupply1,CircuitMonitors

TheACM5voltsupply“1”circuitismonitoredtoidentifythe
following:

•Circuitlow

AftertreatmentControlModule(ACM)5VoltSupply2,CircuitMonitors

•Circuitopen

•Circuitlow

•Circuithigh

diagnostictroublecode(DTC)indicatingSAEJ1939datalink
(subdatalinkCAN2)communicationsfromtheACMismissing.

•Circuithigh

Wheneitherfaultisdetectedthesupplyisdisabled.

TheACM5voltsupply“2”circuitismonitoredtoidentifythe
following:

•Circuitlow

AftertreatmentControlModule(ACM)ActuatorSupplyV oltage1,CircuitMonitors

TheACMactuatorsupplyvoltage“1”circuitismonitoredto
identifythefollowing:

•Circuitopen

•Circuithigh

Whencircuithighorcircuitlowfaultsaredetectedthesupplyis
disabled.

•Circuithigh

Whencircuithighorcircuitlowfaultsaredetectedthesupplyis
disabled.

•Circuitlow

AftertreatmentControlModule(ACM)ActuatorSupplyV oltage2,CircuitMonitors

TheACMactuatorsupplyvoltage“2”circuitismonitoredto
identifythefollowing:

•Circuitopen

•Circuithigh

Whencircuithighorcircuitlowfaultsaredetectedthesupplyis
disabled.

•Circuitlow

AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)DosingValve,CircuitMonitors

TheaftertreatmentDEFdosingvalvecircuitsaremonitored
toidentifythefollowing:

•Circuitlow

•Circuithigh

•Circuitopen

AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)DosingValve,RationalityMonitors

TheaftertreatmentDEFpumpcontrolvalueismonitoredwhen
theaftertreatmentDEFdosingvalvedutycyclehasbeen
aboveapredeterminedthreshold,forashortduration.Ifthe

AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)PressureSensor,CircuitMonitors

TheaftertreatmentDEFpressuresensorcircuitsaremonitored
toidentifythefollowing:

•Circuitopen/circuithigh

14

controlvalueistoolowadiagnostictroublecode(DTC)isset.
Thisindicatesacloggeddosingvalveorblockedaftertreatment
DEFline.

•Outofrangelow

•Outofrangehigh

•Circuitlow

Group28

AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)PressureSensor,RationalityMonitors

OnBoardDiagnostic(OBD)Monitors

Duringpressurebuildup(aftertreatmentDEFpumpruns
withmaximumspeedwithnodosing)ifselectivecatalytic
reduction(SCR)systempressurestayslowforapreset
duration,adiagnostictroublecode(DTC)isset.Pressureis

AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)Pump,CircuitMonitors

TheaftertreatmentDEFpumpcircuitsaremonitoredtoidentify
thefollowing:

•Circuitopen

AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)Pump,RationalityMonitors

TheaftertreatmentDEFpumpgetsasignalfortherequired
pumpspeedfromtheaftertreatmentcontrolmodule(ACM).
Thepumphasinternaldiagnosiswhichevaluatesthepump
speedquality.Ifthepumpspeeddeviatesfromcommanded
speedforsometimeadiagnostictroublecode(DTC)isset.

AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)ReturnValue,CircuitMonitors

TheaftertreatmentDEFreturnvalvecircuitsaremonitored
toidentifythefollowing:

alsoevaluatedduringnormaloperationwithaftertreatment
DEFpumpturnedoff.Ifthepressureistoohighforapreset
durationaDTCisset

•Circuitlow

•Circuithigh

•Batteryvoltage

TheaftertreatmentDEFreturnvalueismonitoredduring
specicconditionstoidentifyifaleakinthesystemis
present.ADTCissetifaleakconditionisidentied.The
leakcanbeinvisible(internaltothepumporvalve)orvisible
(aftertreatmentDEFlinesorconnections).

•Circuitlow

•Circuithigh

•Circuitopen

AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)ReturnValve,RationalityMonitors

DuringreverseDEFowconditionsonapressurizedselective
catalyticreduction(SCR)system,pressuredropisevaluated.
IfDEFpressuredropistoolow,theaftertreatmentDEFreturn

AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)T ankHeaterValve,CircuitMonitors

TheaftertreatmentDEFtankheatervalvecircuitsare
monitoredtoidentifythefollowing:

valveisconsideredtohaveamechanicalfault(blockedor
stuck)andadiagnostictroublecode(DTC)isset.

•Circuitlow

•Circuithigh

•Circuitopen

AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)TankHeaterValve,RationalityMonitors

AftertreatmentDEFtankheatervalvediagnosticsevaluatesif
tankheateristakingplace,whendemanded.Acomparison
ofaninitialaftertreatmentDEFtanktemperaturewithout
heatingandthenatanktemperaturewithaftertreatmentDEF

AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)TankTemperatureSensor,CircuitMonitors

TheaftertreatmentDEFtanktemperaturesensorcircuitsare
monitoredtoidentifythefollowing:

•Circuitopen/circuithigh

AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)TankTemperatureSensor,RationalityMonitors

AftertreatementDEFtanktemperatureischeckedforhigh
frequencyoscillationswithhighamplitudethatissolarge
thatisphysicallyimpossibleforatemperaturetoachieve.A
faultissetwhenthisbehaviorisobserved.Aftertreatement
DEFtanktemperaturediagnosticsisalsoevaluatingifthe

tankheatervalveopenforsomedurationisperformed.If
theincreaseintemperatureissmallerthanthethreshold,a
diagnostictroublecode(DTC)isset.

•Outofrangelow

•Outofrangehigh

•Circuitlow

aftertreatementDEFtemperatureistoohighandwillactivate
reverseow(toprotectaftertreatmentselectivecatalytic
reduction(SCR)systemcomponents)andatimerisstarted.If
thetemperaturestayshighforashortduration,afaultisset.

AftertreatmentDieselParticulateFilter(DPF),DifferentialPressureSensor,CircuitMonitoring

TheaftertreatmentDPFdifferentialpressuresensorcircuits
aremonitoredtoidentifythefollowing:

•Circuithigh

•Circuitopen

•Circuitlow

15

Group28

AftertreatementDieselParticulateFilter(DPF)DifferentialPressureSensor,RationalityMonitors

OnBoardDiagnostic(OBD)Monitors

Theevaluationofthepressure-dropsensoriscarriedoutas
follows.Whenthepressuremodelindicatesalowpressurethe
sensorshouldalsoshowalowpressureotherwisethereisa
(large)positiveoffsetfault.Combiningthiswithacheckthat

AftertreatmentFuelPressureSensor,CircuitMonitors

Theaftertreatmentfuelpressuresensorcircuitsaremonitored
toidentifythefollowing:

•Circuitopen

•Outofrangelow

AftertreatmentFuelShutoffValve,CircuitMonitors

Theaftertreatmentfuelshutoffvalvecircuitsaremonitored
toidentifythefollowing:

•Circuitopen

AftertreatmentHydrocarbonDoser,CircuitMonitors

Theaftertreatmenthydrocarbondosercircuitsaremonitored
toidentifythefollowing:

•Circuitopen

AftertreatmentNitrogenOxides(NOx)Sensors,CircuitMonitors

TheNOxsensorscircuitsaremonitoredtoidentifythe
following:

•opencircuit

thesensorshowshighvalueswhenthemodelishighgivesa
sensorstuckcheck.Thesecondstepcanalsond(large)
negativeoffsetfaults.

•Outofrangehigh

•Circuitlow

•Circuithigh

•Circuitlow

•Circuithigh

•Circuitlow

•Circuithigh

•highvoltage

•circuitloworhigh

AftertreatmentNitrogenOxides(NOx)Sensors,RationalityMonitors

Therearetwodifferentmonitorswhichdiagnoseaftertreatment
NOxsensorrationality .Onecomparestheaftertreatment
intakeNOxsensorvaluetoacalculatedengineNOxoutput
value.Thisisonlyperformwithinagivensetofpredetermined
conditions.IftheNOxsensorvalueisnotdeemedwithin
range,afaultyisset.

AmbientAirT emperature(AAT)Sensor,CircuitMonitors

TheAA Tsensorcircuitsaremonitoredbytheinstrument
clustermoduletoidentifythefollowing:

•Currentbelownormaloropen

AmbientAirT emperature(AAT)Sensor,RationalityMonitors

Plausibilityofthesensorvalueisdeterminedbycomparingthe
AATwiththeintakeairtemperature(IA T).

BarometricPressure(Baro)SensorCircuitMonitoring

TheBAROsensorcircuitsaremonitoredtoidentifythe
following:

•Circuitlow

BarometricPressure(BARO)SensorRationalityMonitors

TheothercomparestheaftertreatmentintakeNOxsensor
valuetotheaftertreatmentoutletNOxsensorvalueto
determinerationality.Thisisonlyperformwithinagivensetof
predeterminedconditions.IfeitheroftheaftertreatmentNOx
sensorvaluesaredeemednotplausible,adiagnosticfaulty
code(DTC)isset.

•Currentabovenormalorgrounded

NoneoftheAATsensorcircuitsaremonitoredbytheECM
ortheVECU.

•Circuithigh

•Circuitopen

TheBAROsensor ,intakemanifoldpressure(IMP)sensor,
andcrankcasepressure(CCP)sensorshouldshowthesame
pressurewhenenginespeed(RPM)andtorqueislow.The
diagnosiscalculatesthedifferencebetween:

•BAROandIMP

16

•BAROandCCP

•IMPandCCP

Thesecomparisonsareusedtoidentifydefects.

Group28

CamshaftPosition(CMP)Sensor,CircuitMonitors

OnBoardDiagnostic(OBD)Monitors

TheCMPsensorcircuitsaremonitoredtoidentifythefollowing:

•Circuitopen

CamshaftPosition(CMP)Sensor,RationalityMonitors

TheCMPsensorismonitoredbycomparingit’soutputsignal
totheoutputsignalofthecrankshaftposition(CMP)sensor.
ThiscomparisonisusedtoidentifyabnormalCKPandCMP

CrankcasePressure(CCP)Sensor,CircuitMonitors

TheCCPcircuitsaremonitoredtoidentifythefollowing:

•Circuitopen

•Outofrangelow

CrankcasePressure(CCP)Sensor,RationalityMonitors

TheBAROsensor ,intakemanifoldpressure(IMP)sensor,
andcrankcasepressure(CCP)sensorshouldshowthesame
pressurewhenenginespeed(RPM)andtorqueislow.The
diagnosiscalculatesthedifferencebetween:

CrankshaftPosition(CKP)Sensor,CircuitMonitors

TheCKPsensorcircuitsaremonitoredtoidentifythefollowing:

•Circuitopen

•Circuitlow

•Circuithigh

sensorfrequencyaswellascamshafttocrankshaftphasing
(calculatedtopdeadcenter(TDC).Abnormalsensorfrequency
andshaftphasinganglewillsetfaults.

•Outofrangehigh

•Circuitlow

•Circuithigh

•BAROandIMP

•BAROandCCP

•IMPandCCP

•Circuitlow

•Circuithigh

CrankshaftPosition(CKP)Sensor,RationalityMonitors

TheCKPsensorismonitoredbycomparingit’soutputsignal
totheoutputsignalofthecamshaftposition(CMP)sensor.
ThiscomparisonisusedtoidentifyabnormalCKPandCMP

EngineControlModule(ECM)5VoltSupplyA,CircuitMonitors

TheECM5voltsupply“A”circuitismonitoredtoidentifythe
following:

•Circuitlow

EngineControlModule(ECM)5VoltSupplyB,CircuitMonitors

TheECM5voltsupply“B”circuitismonitoredtoidentifythe
following:

•Circuitlow

EngineCoolantT emperature(ECT)Sensor,CircuitMonitors

TheECTsensorcircuitsaremonitoredtoidentifythefollowing:

•Circuitopen

•Outofrangelow

EngineCoolantT emperature(ECT)Sensor,RationalityMonitors

TheECTsensorismonitoredforrationalityatkeyONby
comparingtheECTwithengineoiltemperature(EOT)and
engineturbochargercompressoroutlettemperature.For

sensorfrequencyaswellascamshafttocrankshaftphasing
(calculatedtopdeadcenter(TDC).Abnormalsensorfrequency
andshaftphasinganglewillsetfaults.

•Circuithigh

Wheneitherfaultisdetectedthesupplyisdisabled.

•Circuithigh

Wheneitherfaultisdetectedthesupplyisdisabled.

•Circuitlow

•Circuithigh

moreinformationreferto“EngineCoolantT emperature(ECT)
SensorOverview”,page8.

EngineExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR),DifferentialPressureSensor,CircuitMonitoring

TheengineEGRdifferentialpressuresensorcircuitsare
monitoredtoidentifythefollowing:

•Circuitopen

•Circuitlow

•Circuithigh

17

Group28

EngineExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR),DifferentialPressureSensor,RationalityMonitors

OnBoardDiagnostic(OBD)Monitors

EngineEGRdifferentialpressureisestimatedbasedonengine
speed(RPM)ortorqueandcorrectedforvariablegeometry
turbocharger(VGT)position,EGRvalveposition,intake
manifoldpressure(IMP)andbarometricpressure(BARO).
ThisestimatedengineEGRdifferentialpressureiscompared
withactualmeasuredpressure.Thiscomparisonisusedto

EngineExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR)TemperatureSensor,CircuitMonitors

TheengineEGRtemperaturesensorcircuitsaremonitored
toidentifythefollowing:

•Circuitopen

identifyiftheengineEGRdifferentialpressuresensorisfaulty.
DuringcertainconditionstheengineEGRdifferentialpressure
shouldbezero.TheengineEGRdifferentialpressuresensor
isalsomonitoredduringtheseconditionstoverifythatthe
engineEGRisclosingasnecessaryaswellastoverifyproper
engineEGRdifferentialpressuresensoroperation.

•Outofrangehigh

•Circuitlow

•Circuithigh

•Outofrangelow

EngineExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR)TemperatureSensor,RationalityMonitors

ForinformationabouttheengineEGRtemperaturesensor
rationalityreferto
RationalityMonitors”,page20.

EngineExhaustGasTemperature(EGT)Sensors,CircuitMonitors

Theexhaustsystemisequippedwiththefollowingthree
engineEGTsensors:

1EngineEGTsensor

2Aftertreatmentdieselparticulatelter(DPF)intake

temperaturesensor

3AftertreatmentDPFoutlettemperaturesensor

“IntakeAirT emperature(IAT)Sensor,

TheengineEGTsensorcircuitsaremonitoredtoidentifythe
following:

•Circuitopen

•Outofrangelow

•Outofrangehigh

•Circuitlow

•Circuithigh

EngineExhaustGasTemperature(EGT)Sensors,RationalityMonitors

Therearetwoindependentteststhatcanevaluatetemperature
sensorplausibilityintheexhaustsystem.Oneisperformed
whilestationaryandtheotherisperformedatcoldstart.Each
sensorsoutputvalueisusedtocompareagainsttheother

EngineTurbochargerCompressorBypassValveSolenoid,CircuitMonitors

Theengineturbochargercompressorbypassvalvesolenoid
circuitsaremonitoredtoidentifythefollowing:

sensorvalues.Thisinturnisusedtodeterminetheplausibility
ofthesensors.Ifthetemperaturesreceivedbyanyofthe
sensorsisdeemedtobeoutofrange,aplausibilityfaultisset.

•Circuitlow

•Circuithigh

•Circuitopen

EngineTurbochargerCompressorBypassValveSolenoid,RationalityMonitors

Theengineturbochargercompressorbypassvalvesolenoid
faultdetectionisperformedduringthephasewherethevalve

EngineTurbochargerCompressorOutletTemperatureSensor,CircuitMonitors

Theengineturbochargercompressoroutlettemperature
sensorcircuitsaremonitoredtoidentifythefollowing:

•Circuitopen

isopened,theintakemanifoldpressure(IMP)ismonitored
andcomparedtothemaximumallowed.

•Outofrangehigh

•Circuitlow

•Circuithigh

•Outofrangelow

EngineTurbochargerCompressorOutletTemperatureSensor,RationalityMonitors

Theengineturbochargercompressoroutlettemperature
sensor,ismonitoredforrationalitybycomparingthesensor
outputvalueagainstanestimatedtemperaturebasedon
ambientairtemperature(AAT),intakemanifoldpressure(IMP),

18

barometricpressure(BARO)andacalculatedefciencyof
theturbocharger.

Group28

EngineTurbochargerSpeedSensor,CircuitMonitors

OnBoardDiagnostic(OBD)Monitors

Theengineturbochargerspeedsensorcircuitsaremonitored
toidentifythefollowing:

•Circuitopen

•Outofrangehigh

•Circuitlow

•Circuithigh

•Outofrangelow

EngineTurbochargerSpeedSensor,RationalityMonitors

Anengineturbochargerspeedsensortestisrunwithina
setofconditionstoevaluatethespeedsensoroutputvalue.
Theengineturbochargerspeedsensorvalueiscomparedto

EngineVariableGeometryT urbocharger(VGT)ActuatorPosition,CircuitMonitors

TheengineVGTactuatorpositionpositionactuatorcircuitsare
monitoredtoidentifythefollowing:

acalculatedspeedvaluethatisbasedonintakemanifold
pressure(IMP).Ifthesensoroutputvalueisdeemedoutof
rangeafaultisset.

•Circuitlow

•Circuithigh

•Circuitopen

EngineVariableGeometryT urbocharger(VGT)ActuatorPosition,RationalityMonitors

TheengineVGThasasmartactuatorpositionthatischecked
withinSmartRemoteActuator(SRA)unit.EngineVGT

ExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR)ValveActuator,CircuitMonitors

TheEGRvalveactuatorcircuitsaremonitoredtoidentifythe
following:

positionisthencommunicatedtoenginecontrolmodule(ECM)
viatheSAEJ1939(CAN)datalink.

•Circuitlow

•Circuithigh

•Circuitopen

ExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR)ValveActuator,RationalityMonitors

WhenEGRvalveiscommandedtobeclosed,theEGR
differentialpressuresensorismonitoredandexpectsno
pressuredifferencebetweenupstreamanddownstreamof
EGRventure.Afaultoccurswhendifferentialpressuregreater
thanafaultlimitduetoastuck-openEGRvalveoraleaking

Fan,CircuitMonitors

Thefancircuitsaremonitoredtoidentifythefollowing:

•Circuitopen

•Circuitlow

•Circuithigh

Electricalpowerissuppliedtothefandrivefromthechassis.
Circuitmonitoringisperformedonthelowsidedrive.Thefan
circuitryissuch,thatwhenthelowsidedriveisopenedthefan
willbeon.Closingthepathtogroundcausesthefantoturnoff.
Sincethelowsideismonitoredthechecksareonlyperformed
undercertainconditions:

•Opencircuitmonitoringisonlyperformedwhenthefanis

ON(opencircuitlow).Theopencircuitfaultdetectswhen
powerisnotsuppliedtothehighsideofthefandrive

EGRvalveisdetectedforaperiodoftime.Astuck-closed
EGRvalvecanbedetectedifthedifferencefromtheactual
burnedfractiontothedemandedburnedfractionislower
thanafaultlimitforaperiodoftime.ThereisnoEGRV alve
positionfeedback.

•CircuitlowmonitoringisonlyperformedwhenthefanisON

(opencircuitlow).Thecircuitlowfaultdetectswhenthelow
sidecontrollineisshortedtoground

•Circuithighmonitoringisonlyperformedwhenthefanis

OFF(closedcircuitlow).Thecircuithighfaultdetectsan
over-currentconditiononthelowsidecontrolline.Ifthis
over-currentconditionisdetectedthedriveisdisabled(fan
ON)untilthekeyiscycled

Somefansalsohaveafanspeedsensor.Ifthefanisequipped
withaspeedsensorcircuithighisalsosupported.This
diagnosticisusedforanyelectricalcauseofamissingsignal.
Ifthefandoesnotsupportaspeedsensorthiscircuitmonitor
isnotsupported.

Fan,RationalityMonitors

Fanspeediscalculatedfromthecommandedpercent
engagement,theenginespeedandthefandriveratio.Ifafan
speedsensorispresentthesensorspeedsignalissent.

19

Group28

Injector,CircuitMonitors

OnBoardDiagnostic(OBD)Monitors

Theinjectorcircuitsaremonitoredtoidentifythefollowing:

•Circuitopen

IntakeAirT emperature(IAT)Sensor,CircuitMonitors

TheIATsensorcircuitsaremonitoredtoidentifythefollowing:

•Circuitopen

•Outofrangelow

IntakeAirT emperature(IAT)Sensor,RationalityMonitors

TheIATsensorisusedtocalculateenginechargeaircooler
(CAC)ambientairtemperature(AA T).TheCACAATcanbe
calculatedinthetwofollowingways,

•Usingengineexhaustexhaustgasrecirculation(EGR)

temperatureandIATwiththeircorrespondingmassow
rates.

IntakeManifoldPressure(IMP)SensorCircuitMonitoring

TheIMPsensorcircuitsaremonitoredtoidentifythefollowing:

•Circuitopen

•Outofrangelow

IntakeManifoldPressure(IMP)SensorRationalityMonitors

•Circuitlow

•Circuithigh

•Circuitlow

•Circuithigh

•UsingAAT ,engineturbochargercompressoroutlet

temperatureandthemassairow(MAF)rate.

Ifthereisamismatchinthesetwoestimatedtemperatures
itisconcludedthatthemostprobablycauseisonofthe
temperaturesensors.Thesystemthenrationalizeswhich
sensorisfaulty.

•Outofrangehigh

•Circuitlow

•Circuithigh

TheIMPsensor,BAROsensor,andcrankcasepressure(CCP)
sensorshouldshowthesamepressurewhenenginespeed
andtorqueislow.Thediagnosiscalculatesthedifference
between:

Injector,RationalityMonitors

Forinjectorrationalitymonitorinformationreferto“Fuel
System”,page9.

ParkingBrakeSwitch,CircuitMonitors

Thevehicleelectroniccontrolunit(VECU)doesnotsupport
comprehensivecircuitmonitoringonparkingbrakeswitch.

ParkingBrakeSwitch,RationalityMonitors

Thevehicleelectroniccontrolunit(VECU)doesnotsupport
rationalitymonitorsontheparkingbrakeswitch.

PowerTake-off(PTO)EnableSwitch,CircuitMonitors

Thevehicleelectroniccontrolunit(VECU)doesnotsupport
comprehensivecircuitmonitoringforthePTOenableswitch
input.However,basedonthetypeoffailuremodestothe
circuitthePTOoperationwillbeorbecomenon-functional.
Thefailuremodebehaviorsaredenedas:

•ShorttoGround–Ashortcircuittogroundwillresultina

non-functionalPTOoperation.

•BAROandIMP

•BAROandCCP

•IMPandCCP

Thesecomparisonsareusedtoidentifydefects.

•ShorttoBattery–Ashortcircuittobatteryvoltagewill

nothaveanimmediateaffecttothePTOoperation,but
willresultinanon-functionalPTOoperationafterexiting
thePTOfunctionorduringthenextVECUpowerdown/up
sequence(I.e.Cyclingoftheignitionkeyswitch).

•OpenCircuit–Anopenwillresultinanon-functionalPTO

operation.

PowerTake-off(PTO)EnableSwitch,RationalityMonitors

Thevehicleelectroniccontrolunit(VECU)doesnotsupport
rationalitymonitorsonthePTOenableswitch.

20

Group28

SAEJ1939(CAN1)DataLink,CircuitMonitors

OnBoardDiagnostic(OBD)Monitors

ErrordetectionoftheSAEJ1939(CAN1)datalinkisperformed
bymultipleelectroniccontrolunits(ECUs).AnECUdetecting
anerrorconditionsignalsthisbytransmittinganerrorag.
Thereare5typesoferrordetections:

•Biterror

SAEJ1939(CAN1)DataLink,RationalityMonitors

RationalitymonitorsdonotexistfortheSAEJ1939(CAN1)
datalink.

SAEJ1939(CAN2)DataLink,Overview

TheSAEJ1939(CAN2)datalinkisasub-datalinkthat
communicatesinformationdirectlytotheenginecontrolmodule
(ECM).There’snodirectcommunicationtootherelectronic
controlunits(ECUs)residingontheontheSAEJ1939(CAN1)
datalink.InformationthatissentacrosstheCAN2datalink

SAEJ1939(CAN2)DataLink,CircuitMonitors

ErrordetectionoftheSAEJ1939(CAN2)datalinkisperformed
bymultipleelectroniccontrolunits(ECUs).AnECUdetecting
anerrorconditionsignalsthisbytransmittinganerrorag.
Thereare5typesoferrordetections:

•Biterror

•Stufferror

•CyclicRedundancyCode(CRC)error

•Formerror

•Acknowledgementerror

canbesharedontheCAN1datalinkviatheECM.
Diagnostictroublecodes(DTCs)aresetwhenanECUisfound
tonotbecommunicatingorrecognizedonthedatalink(off
busmode)orwhenthereisanabnormalrateofoccurrenceof
errorsonthedatalink.

•Stufferror

•CyclicRedundancyCode(CRC)error

•Formerror

•Acknowledgementerror

SAEJ1939(CAN2)DataLink,RationalityMonitors

RationalitymonitorsdonotexistfortheSAEJ1939(CAN2)
datalink.

Time/Date,CircuitMonitoring

Theinstrumentclusterdoesnotsupportcomprehensivecircuit
monitoringfortheTime/Date.

Time/Date,RationalityMonitoring

Theenginecontrolmodule(ECM)doessupportrational
monitoringbycomparingtimeanddatefrominstrument

VehicleSpeedSensor(VSS),CircuitMonitors

Thecomprehensivecircuitmonitorsaresupportedbythe
vehicleelectroniccontrolunit(VECU)andaredetermined
bythevehicleroadspeedsource.Whenadedicatedspeed
sensorisused,electricalerrordetectionissupported.When

VehicleSpeedSensor(VSS),RationalityMonitors

Errordetectionisperformedbycomparinganothersource
ofvehiclespeedinformationtothecalculatedvehicleroad
speed.Atzerovehicleroadspeedanerrorisgeneratedwhen
thecomparisonvehiclespeedsource(ABS/EBS)ishigher
thanaspeciedlimit.Whenthevehicleroadspeedisgreater
thanzerothedifferencebetweenthecalculatedvehicleroad
speedandthecomparisonvehiclespeedsource(ABS/EBS)
isnotallowedtobegreaterthanaspeciedvalueorafault
isregistered.

cluster.Soaktimeisbasedonenginecoolingdownusing
temperaturesbeforeandaftersoak.

thetransmissionoutputshaftspeed(OSS)sensorisused
viatheSAEJ1939datalink,thediagnosticsarebasedona
communicationtimeoutandreceiving“errorindicator”agged
fromthetransmittingelectroniccontrolunit(ECU).

21

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Troubleshooting

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTroubleCodes(DTCs)

Themanufacturerscantoolisthepreferredtoolfor
performingdiagnosticwork.Contactyourlocaldealerfor
moreinformationorvisit“www.premiumtechtool.com”.

Note:Theuseofascantoolisnecessarytoperformdiagnostic
workaswellasclearingofanydiagnostictroublecodes
(DTCs).DTC(s)cannolongerbeclearedusingthevehicles
instrumentclusterdigitaldisplayandstalkswitchcontrol.

SAEJ1939DataLinkCommunication

Theelectroniccontrolunits(ECUs)thatcommunicateonthe
SAEJ1939datalink,communicateaccordingtotheSAE
J1587standard.Thediagnostictroublecodes(DTCs)setby
theECUscontaininformationthatisdescribedbythefollowing
abbreviations.

SASourceAddress:

Identicationofacontrolmodule.

SPNSuspectParameterNumber:

Identicationofaparameter(value).

FMIFailureModeIdentier:

Identicationoffaulttypes.

Codes(DTCs)

22

Group28

SAEJ1939FMITable

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

FMI

0Datavalidbutabovenormaloperationalrange-Mostseverelevel

1Datavalidbutbelownormaloperationalrange-Mostseverelevel

2Dataerratic,intermittentorincorrect

3Voltageabovenormal,orshortedtohighsource

4Voltagebelownormal,orshortedtolowsource

5

6

7

8

9Abnormalupdaterate

10

11Rootcausenotknown

12Badintelligentdeviceorcomponent

13

14

15Datavalidbutabovenormaloperatingrange-Leastseverelevel

16Datavalidbutabovenormaloperatingrange-Moderatelyseverelevel

17Datavalidbutbelownormaloperatingrange-Leastseverelevel

18Datavalidbutbelownormaloperatingrange-Moderatelyseverelevel

19Receivednetworkdatainerror

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

SAET ext

Currentbelownormaloropencircuit

Currentabovenormalorgroundedcircuit

Mechanicalsystemnotrespondingoroutofadjustment

Abnormalfrequencyorpulsewidthorperiod

Abnormalrateofchange

Outofcalibration

Specialinstructions

ReservedforSAEassignment

ReservedforSAEassignment

ReservedforSAEassignment

ReservedforSAEassignment

ReservedforSAEassignment

ReservedforSAEassignment

ReservedforSAEassignment

ReservedforSAEassignment

ReservedforSAEassignment

29

30

31

ReservedforSAEassignment

ReservedforSAEassignment

Conditionexists

23

Group28

SAEJ1587DataLinkCommunication

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

Theelectroniccontrolunits(ECUs)alsocommunicateonthe
SAEJ1587datalink.TheseECUscommunicateaccordingto
theSAEJ1587standard.Thestandardhasbeenextended
withMACK’ssupplement(PPID,PSID).Thediagnostictrouble
codes(DTCs)setbytheECUscontaininformationthatis
describedbythefollowingabbreviations.

MIDMessageIdenticationDescription:

Identicationofacontrolmodule.

PIDParameterIdenticationDescription:

Identicationofaparameter(value).

SAEJ1587FMITable

FMI

0Datavalid,butabovethenormalworkingrange

1Datavalid,butbelowthenormalworkingrange

2Intermittentorincorrectdata

3Abnormallyhighvoltageorshortcircuittohighervoltage

4Abnormallylowvoltageorshortcircuittolowervoltage

5

6Abnormallyhighcurrentorshortcircuittoground

7

8

9Abnormalupdaterate

10Abnormallystrongvibrations

11

12Faultymoduleorcomponent

13

14

15

SAET ext

Abnormallylowcurrentoropencircuit

Incorrectresponsefromamechanicalsystem

Abnormalfrequency

Non-identiablefault

Calibrationvaluesoutsidelimits

Specialinstructions

Reservedforfutureuse

PPIDProprietaryParameterIdentication

DescriptionMack:
Uniqueidenticationofaparameter(value).

SIDSubsystemIdenticationDescription:

Identicationofacomponent.

PSIDProprietarySubsystemIdentication

DescriptionMack:
Uniqueidenticationofacomponent.

FMIFailureModeIdentier:

Identicationoffaulttypes.

24

Group28

DiagnosticTroubleCode(DTC)Content

SPN0–500

•“ECMSPN84,Wheel-BasedVehicleSpeed–MID128

PID84”,page31

•“ECMSPN91,AcceleratorPedalPosition1–MID128

PID91”,page31

•“ECMSPN94,EngineFuelDeliveryPressure–MID128

PID94”,page31

•“ECMSPN97,WaterinFuelIndicator–MID128PID97”,

page32

•“ECMSPN98,EngineOilLevel–MID128PID98”,page

33

•“ECMSPN100,EngineOilPressure–MID128PID100”,

page33

•“ECMSPN102,EngineIntakeManifold1Pressure–MID

128PID102”,page34

•“ECMSPN103,EngineTurbocharger1Speed–MID128

PID103”,page35

•“ECMSPN105,EngineIntakeManifold1T emperature–

MID128PID105”,page36

•“ECMSPN108,BarometricPressure–MID128PID108”,

page36

•“ECMSPN110,EngineCoolantT emperature–MID128

PID1 10”,page37

•“ECMSPN111,EngineCoolantLevel–MID128PID111”,

page38

•“ECMSPN153,EngineHighResolutionCrankcase

Pressure–MID128PID153/PSID23”,page39

•“ECMSPN158,KeyswitchBatteryPotential–MID128

PID158/PSID124”,page39

•“ECMSPN171,AmbientAirT emperature–MID128PID

171”,page40

•“ECMSPN173,EngineExhaustGasT emperature(EGT)–

MID128PID173”,page42

•“ECMSPN175,EngineOilT emperature1–MID128PID

175”,page43

•“ECMSPN177,TransmissionOilTemperature–MID128

PID177”,page44

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

25

Group28

•“ECMSPN188,EngineSpeedAtIdle,Point1(Engine

Congurations)–MID128PID188”,page44

•“ECMSPN190,EngineSpeed–MID128PID190”,page

44

•“ECMSPN228,SpeedSensorCalibration–MID128PID

228”,page45

•“ECMSPN237,V ehicleIdenticationNumber–MID128

PSID161/162”,page45

•“ECMSPN245,T otalV ehicleDistance–MID128PID

245”,page45

•“ECMSPN251,Time–MID128PID251”,page46

•“ECMSPN252,Date–MID128PID252”,page47

•“ECMSPN41 1,EngineExhaustGasRecirculation

DifferentialPressure–MID128PID41 1”,page47

•“ECMSPN412,EngineExhaustGasRecirculation

Temperature–MID128PID412”,page48

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

SPN500–999

•“ECMSPN558,AcceleratorPedal1IdleValidationSwitch

–MID128SID230”,page49

•“ECMSPN626,IntakeAirHeater(IAH)Relay–MID128

PID45”,page50

•“ECMSPN628,ProgramMemory–MID128SID240”,

page50

•“ECMSPN629,ElectronicControlUnit(ECU)1–MID

128SID254”,page51

•“ECMSPN630,CalibrationMemory–MID128SID253”,

page51

•“ECMSPN631,CalibrationModule–MID128PSID

77/PSID124”,page52

•“ECMSPN633,EngineFuelActuator1ControlCommand

–MID128SID18”,page52

•“ECMSPN636,CamshaftPositionSensor(CMP)–MID

128SID21”,page53

•“ECMSPN637,CrankshaftPositionSensor(CKP)–MID

128SID22”,page54

•“ECMSPN639,SAEJ1939DataLink1–MID128SID

231”,page55

•“ECMSPN641,EngineVariableGeometryTurbocharger

(VGT)Actuator1–MID128SID27”,page55

•“ECMSPN642,EngineVariableGeometryTurbocharger

(VGT)Actuator2–MID128PPID89”,page56

•“ECMSPN647,EngineFanClutchOutputDeviceDriver–

MID128SID33”,page56

•“ECMSPN651,EngineInjectorCylinder1–MID128SID

1”,page57

•“ECMSPN652,EngineInjectorCylinder2–MID128SID

2”,page58

26

Group28

•“ECMSPN653,EngineInjectorCylinder3–MID128SID

3”,page58

•“ECMSPN654,EngineInjectorCylinder4–MID128SID

4”,page59

•“ECMSPN655,EngineInjectorCylinder5–MID128SID

5”,page60

•“ECMSPN656,EngineInjectorCylinder6–MID128SID

6”,page61

•“ECMSPN677,EngineStarterMotorRelay–MID128

SID39”,page61

•“ECMSPN729,IntakeAirHeater(IAH)1–MID128SID

70”,page62

•“ECMSPN730,IntakeAirHeater(IAH)2–MID128SID

71”,page62

•“ECMSPN975,EstimatedPercentFanSpeed–(MID128

PID26)”,page63

SPN1000–1999

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

•“ECMSPN1072,EngineCompressionBrakeOutput#1–

MID128PPID122”,page64

•“ECMSPN1127,EngineTurbochargerIntakeManifold

Pressure(IMP)–MID128PSID98”,page65

•“ECMSPN1 136,EngineControlModule(ECM)

Temperature–MID128PPID55”,page66

•“ECMSPN1198,Anti–theftRandomNumber–MID128

PID224”,page66

•“ECMSPN1231,SAEJ1939DataLink2–MID128PSID

229/232”,page67

•“ECMSPN1265,EnginePistonCoolingOilPressure

Actuator–MID128SID85”,page67

•“ECMSPN1322,EngineMisreforMultipleCylinders–

MID128PSID27”,page68

•“ECMSPN1659,EngineCoolantSystemThermostat–

MID128PSID109”,page68

•“ECMSPN1675,EngineStarterMode–MID128SID

39”,page68

•“ECMSPN1677,AftertreatmentDPFAuxiliaryHeater

Mode–MID128PSID25”,page69

•“ECMSPN1761,AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid

(DEF)T ankLevel–PPID278”,page69

27

Group28

SPN2000–2999

•“ECMSPN2003,TransmissionControlModule(TCM)

Status–MID128PSID205”,page70

•“ECMSPN2017,CruiseControlStatus–MID128PID

85”,page70

•“ECMSPN2029,InvalidorMissingDatafromVehicleECU

–MID128PSID201”,page70

•“ECMSPN2629,EngineTurbochargerCompressorOutlet

Temperature–MID128PID404”,page71

•“ECMSPN2659,EngineExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR)

MassFlowRate–MID128PPID35”,page71

•“ECMSPN2791,EngineExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR)

ValveControl–MID128SID146”,page72

•“ECMSPN2836,BatteryPotential/SwitchedVoltage–MID

128PSID49”,page72

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

28

Group28

SPN3000–3999

•“ECMSPN3031,AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid

(DEF)T ankTemperature–MID128PPID274”,page73

•“ECMSPN3064,AftertreatmentDPFSystemMonitor–

MID128PPID326”,page73

•“ECMSPN3216,AftertreatmentIntakeNOx–MID128

PPID348”,page74

•“ECMSPN3226,AftertreatmentOutletNOx–MID128

PPID270/PSID90”,page74

•“ECMSPN3245,AftertreatmentDPFOutletT emperature–

MID128PPID436”,page75

•“ECMSPN3249,AftertreatmentDPFIntakeT emperature

–MID128PPID387”,page76

•“ECMSPN3251,AftertreatmentDPFDifferentialPressure

–MID128PID81”,page77

•“ECMSPN3363,AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid

(DEF)T ankHeater–MID128PSID75”,page77

•“ECMSPN3471,AftertreatmentFuelPressureControl

Actuator–MID128PPID328”,page78

•“ECMSPN3480,AftertreatmentDieselParticulateFilter

(DPF)FuelPressure–MID128PPID437/PSID108”,page
79

•“ECMSPN3483,AftertreatmentRegenerationStatus–

MID128PSID47”,page80

•“ECMSPN3509,SensorSupplyVoltage1–MID128SID

232”,page81

•“ECMSPN3510,SensorSupplyVoltage2–MID128SID

211”,page81

•“ECMSPN351 1,SensorSupplyVoltage3–MID128PSID

113”,page81

•“ECMSPN3512,SensorSupplyVoltage4–MID128

PSID126”,page81

•“ECMSPN3522,AftertreatmentT otalFuelUsed–MID

128PSID91”,page82

•“ECMSPN3556,AftertreatmentHydrocarbonDoser–MID

128PPID329”,page83

•“ECMSPN3597,AftertreatmentDieselParticulateFilter

(DPF)RegenerationtooFrequent–MID128PSID119”,
page84

•“ECMSPN3675,EngineTurbochargerCompressor

BypassValvePosition–MID128PPID330”,page85

•“ECMSPN3720,AftertreatmentDPFAshLoadPercent–

MID128PPID337”,page86

•“ECMSPN3936,AftertreatmentDPFSystem–MID128

PSID28”,page86

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

29

Group28

SPN4000–5500

•“ECMSPN4094,NOxLimitsExceededDuetoInsufcient

DieselExhaustFluid(DEF)Quality–MID128PSID90”,
page86

•“ECMSPN4095,NOxLimitsExceededDuetoInterrupted

DieselExhaustFluid(DEF)Dosing–MID128PSID90”,
page87

•“ECMSPN4334,AfterteatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)

DosingAbsolutePressure–MID128PPID273”,page87

•“ECMSPN4339,AftertreatmentSCRFeedbackControl

Status–MID128PSID90”,page87

•“ECMSPN4354,AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid

(DEF)LineHeater1–MID128PSID103”,page88

•“ECMSPN4356,AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid

(DEF)LineHeater3–MID128PSID102”,page88

•“ECMSPN4374,AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid

(DEF)PumpMotorSpeed–MID128PSID87”,page89

•“ECMSPN4375,AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid

Pump(DEF)DrivePercentage–MID128PSID121”,page
89

•“ECMSPN4376,AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid

(DEF)ReturnValve–MID128PSID105”,page90

•“ECMSPN4752,EngineExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR)

CoolerEfciency–MID128SID282”,page91

•“ECMSPN4811,EnginePistonCoolingOilPressure–

MID128PPID8”,page91

•“ECMSPN4813,EngineOilThermostatBypassValve

Opening–MID128PSID72”,page91

•“ECMSPN4815,EngineCoolingFanThermalSwitch

Position–MID128PPID333”,page92

•“ECMSPN5246,AftertreatmentSCROperatorInducement

Severity–MID128PSID46”,page92

•“ECMSPN5285,ChargeAirCooler(CAC)T emperature–

MID128PID52”,page93

•“ECMSPN5298,AftertreatmentDieselOxidationCatalyst

(DOC)ConversionEfciency–MID128PSID99”,page93

•“ECMSPN5392,AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid

(DEF)DosingValveLossofPrime–MID128PSID121”,
page94

•“ECMSPN5394,AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid

(DEF)DosingValve–MID128PSID89”,page94

•“ECMSPN5394,AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid

(DEF)DosingValve–MID128PSID90”,page95

•“ECMSPN5485,AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid

(DEF)PumpOrice–MID128PSID121”,page95

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

30

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

ECMSPN84,Wheel-BasedVehicleSpeed–MID128PID84

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault:

FMI9

FMIDescription:

•Abnormalupdate

rate

FaultCondition:

•Missingsignal

fromVECU

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause:

•Enginederate•SAEJ1587datalinkvehiclespeed

messagedoesnotexist,(VECUerror)

•VECU

FMI10

FMI13

FMI19

•Abnormalrateof

change

•Vehiclespeed

deemed
inaccurateby
VECU

•Outofcalibration•Novehiclespeed

availabletoVECU

•Receivednetwork

datainerror

•Vehiclespeed

deemed
inaccurateby
VECU

•MILilluminated

(13Lengineonly)

•MILilluminated

(13Lengineonly)

•MILilluminated

(13Lengineonly)

•Vehiclespeedsensor(VSS)

•VECU

•Vehiclespeedsensor(VSS)

•VECU

•Vehiclespeedsensor(VSS)

•VECU

ECMSPN91,AcceleratorPedalPosition1–MID128PID91

Typeof
fault:

FMI9

FMI13

FMI10

FMI19

FMIDescription:

•Abnormalupdate

rate

FaultCondition:

•Missingsignal

fromVECU

•Outofcalibration•Pedalnot

connectedto
VECU

•Abnormalrateof

change

•Receivednetwork

datainerror

•Pedalposition

deemed
inaccurateby
VECU

•Pedalposition

deemed
inaccurateby
VECU

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause:

•N/A•SAEJ1587datalinkpedalinformation

notavailable

•MILilluminated

(13Lengineonly)

•MILilluminated

(13Lengineonly)

•MILilluminated

(13Lengineonly)

•Acceleratorpedalsensorfault

•Acceleratorpedalsensorfault

•Acceleratorpedalsensorfault

ECMSPN94,EngineFuelDeliveryPressure–MID128PID94

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMI5

FMIDescription:

•Voltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

FaultCondition:

•Lowfuelpressure

sensorsignalline
voltage

•Lowfuelpressure

sensorsignalline
voltage

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause:

•N/A•Damagedcontactsinharness

•Faultyfuelpressuresensor

•Opencircuit.

•N/A•Damagedcontactsinharness

•Faultyfuelpressuresensor

31

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

FMI7

FMI13

FMI15

FMI17

FMI18

•Mechanicalsystem

notresponding
properly

•Dropinfuel

pressure

•OutofCalibration•Sensorindicatesa

invalidvalue

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperating
range-Leastsevere
level

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperating
range-Leastsevere
level

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperating
range-Moderately
severelevel

•Sensorindicatesa

invalidvalue

•Sensorindicatesa

invalidvalue

•Dropinfuel

pressure

•Enginederate•Cloggedfuellter

•Faultyfuelpressuresensor

•Leakingfuellineortting

•Poorfuelpumpresponse

•N/A•Wiringharness

•Faultyfuelpressuresensor

•Cloggedfuellter

•N/A•Wiringharness

•Faultyfuelpressuresensor

•N/A•Wiringharness

•Faultyfuelpressuresensor

•Cloggedfuellter

•Enginederate•Cloggedfuellter

•Faultyfuelpressuresensor

•Leakingfuellineortting

•Poorfuelpumpresponse

ECMSPN97,WaterinFuelIndicator–MID128PID97

Typeof
fault:

FMI0

FMI3

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

•Voltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

FaultCondition:

•Waterinfuelis

indicated

•N/A•Undetectedwater

Possible
Symptoms:

•Unevenrunning

•Enginestalling

infuelsupply

•Unevenrunning

•Enginestalling

FMI4

•Voltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

•N/A•Undetectedwater

infuelsupply

•Unevenrunning

PossibleCause:

•Waterinfuel

•Opencircuit

•Shorttoground

•Opencircuit

•Faultysensor

32

Group28

ECMSPN98,EngineOilLevel–MID128PID98

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault:

FMI1

FMI4

FMI5

FMI18

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range

•Voltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperating
range-Moderately
severelevel

FaultCondition:

•Criticallybelow

range

•ShortCircuit-

Positiveside

•ShortCircuit+,

Positiveside

•OpenCircuit+,

Positiveside

•OpenCircuit-

Negativeside

•Moderatelybelow

range

•Criticallybelow

range

Possible
Symptoms:

•Redengine

shutdownor
yellowelectronic
malfunction
lampsilluminated
dependentof
severity

•Oillevelcannot

bemeasured

•Oillevelcannot

bemeasured

•Redengine

shutdownor
Yellowelectronic
malfunction
lampsilluminated
dependentof
severity

PossibleCause:

•Lowoillevelleakage

•Criticallylowoillevel

•EngineOilLevel(EOL)sensorfailure

•Faultyharness

•EngineOilLevel(EOL)sensorfailure

•Faultyharness

•Lowoillevelleakage

•Moderatelylowoillevel

ECMSPN100,EngineOilPressure–MID128PID100

Typeof
fault:

FMI1

FMI3

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperational
range

•Voltagebelow

normalorshorted
low

FaultCondition:

•Criticallybelow

range

•ShortCircuit+,

Measuringline

•OpenCircuit,

Groundline

Possible
Symptoms:

•Enginederate

•Lowpressure

•Redengine

shutdownlamp
illuminated

•Oilpressure

shows0inthe
cluster,engineis
running

•Yellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

PossibleCause:

•Oilleakage

•Brokenoilpump

•Cloggedoilsystem

•EngineOilPressure(EOP)sensor

failure

•Faultyharness

33

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

FMI5

FMI13

FMI15

FMI17

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

•OpenCircuit+,5V

Supplyline

•ShortCircuit-,

Measuringline

•OpenCircuit,

Measuringline

•OutofCalibration•Sensorindicatesa

invalidvalue

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperating
range-Leastsevere
level

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperating
range-Leastsevere
level

•Sensorindicatesa

invalidvalue

•Sensorindicatesa

invalidvalue

•Oilpressure

shows0inthe
cluster,engineis
running

•Yellowelectronic

malfunctionlamps
illuminated

•Oilpressure

shows0inthe
cluster,engineis
running

•Oilpressure

shows0inthe
cluster,engineis
running

•Oilpressure

shows0inthe
cluster,engineis
running

•EngineOilPressure(EOP)sensor

failure

•Faultyharness

•EngineOilPressure(EOP)sensor

failure

•Faultyharness

•EngineOilPressure(EOP)sensor

failure

•Faultyharness

•EngineOilPressure(EOP)sensor

failure

•Faultyharness

ECMSPN102,EngineIntakeManifold1Pressure–MID128PID102

Typeof
fault:

FMI2

FMI3

FMI5

FMIDescription:

•Dataerratic,

intermittentor
incorrect

•Voltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

FaultCondition:

•IntakeManifold

PressureSensor
outputistoohigh
ortoolow

•Ashorttobattery

inthemetering
circuit

•Anopeninthe

groundcircuit
oftheIntake
ManifoldPressure
Sensor

•Ashorttoground

intheharness

•Anopeninthe5

voltsupplycircuit

Possible
Symptoms:

•Enginederate

•MILlamp

•Enginederate

•MILlamp

•Enginederate

•MILlamp

PossibleCause:

•Faultyharness

•IntakeManifoldPressuresensor

illuminated

•Faultyharness

•Harnessconnectors

illuminated

•IntakeManifoldPressuresensor

•Faultyharness

•Harnessconnectors

illuminated

•IntakeManifoldPressuresensor

•Anopeninthe

meteringcircuit

FMI12

•Badintelligent

deviceor
component

•IntakeManifold

Pressuresensor
outputistoohigh

•Enginederate

•MILlamp

•Faultyharness

•IntakeManifoldPressuresensor

illuminated

•Sensorindicates

ainvalidvalue

34

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

FMI13

FMI14

FMI15

FMI17

•OutofCalibration•Sensorindicates

•Specialinstructions•IntakeManifold

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperating
range-Leastsevere
level

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperating
range-Leastsevere
level

ainvalidvalue

Pressuresensor
outputistoolow

•Sensorindicates

ainvalidvalue

•IntakeManifold

Pressuresensor
outputistoohigh

•Sensorindicates

ainvalidvalue

•Enginederate

•MILlamp

•Enginederate

•MILlamp

•Enginederate

•MILlamp

•Enginederate

•MILlamp

•Faultyharness

•Harnessconnectors

illuminated

•IntakeManifoldPressuresensor

•Faultyharness

•IntakeManifoldPressuresensor

illuminated

•Inletairleakage

•Faultyharness

•Harnessconnectors

illuminated

•IntakeManifoldPressuresensor

•Faultyharness

•Harnessconnectors

illuminated

•IntakeManifoldPressuresensor

ECMSPN103,EngineTurbocharger1Speed–MID128PID103

Typeof
fault:

FMI0

FMI1

FMI9

FMI15

FMI17

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

•Abnormalupdate

rate

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperating
range-Leastsevere
level

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperating
range-Leastsevere
level

FaultCondition:

•Turbocharger

speedisatleast
25%greaterthan
thetargetwheel
speedforthe
measuredboost

•Turbocharger

speedisatleast
25%lessthan
thetargetwheel
speedforthe
measuredboost

•Afaultisloggedif

theTurbocharger
SpeedSensor
signalislost

•Turbocharger

speedisatleast
25%greaterthan
thetargetwheel
speedforthe
measuredboost

•Turbocharger

speedisatleast
25%lessthan
thetargetwheel
speedforthe
measuredboost

Possible
Symptoms:

•Enginederate

•MILilluminated

•Enginederate

•MILilluminated

•Enginederate

•MILilluminated

•Enginederate

•MILilluminated

•Enginederate

•MILilluminated

PossibleCause:

•Missdetection

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharnessconnector

•TurbochargerSpeedSensor

•Missdetection

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharnessconnector

•TurbochargerSpeedSensor

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharnessconnector

•TurbochargerSpeedSensor

•Missdetection

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharnessconnector

•TurbochargerSpeedSensor

•Missdetection

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharnessconnector

•TurbochargerSpeedSensor

35

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

ECMSPN105,EngineIntakeManifold1Temperature–MID128PID105

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault:

FMI0

FMI2

FMI4

FMI5

FMI13

FMI17

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

•Dataerratic,

intermittentor
incorrect

•Voltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuitt

FaultCondition:

•Sensorindicatesa

invalidvalue

•TheIntake

Manifold
Temperature
sensoroutputis
toohighortoolow

•N/A•Difculttostartin

•Possibleshortto

sensor

•OutofCalibration•Thesensoroutput

isshowinga
constantvalue

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperating
range-Leastsevere
level

•Thesensoroutput

isshowinga
constantvalue

Possible
Symptoms:

•Enginederate•Poorcooling

•Enginederate

•MILilluminated

coldclimates

•Minorcoldengine

smoke

•Enginederate

•MILilluminated

•Difculttostartin

coldclimates

•Enginederate

•MILilluminated

•Enginederate

•Minorcoldengine

smoke

•MILilluminated

•Enginederate

•Minorcoldengine

smoke

•MILilluminated

PossibleCause:

•Extremerunningconditions

•Poorcooling

•Extremerunningconditions

•EngineIntakeManifoldsensor

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharnessconnector

•AmbientAirT emperaturesensor

•EngineIntakeManifoldsensor

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharnessconnector

•EngineIntakeManifoldsensor

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharnessconnector

•EngineIntakeManifoldsensor

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharnessconnector

•EngineIntakeManifoldsensor

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharnessconnector

ECMSPN108,BarometricPressure–MID128PID108

36

Typeof
fault:

FMI2

FMIDescription:

•Dataerratic,

intermittentor
incorrect

FaultCondition:

•Barometric

Pressuresensor
outputistoohigh
ortoolow

Possible
Symptoms:

•Minorengine

derate

•MILilluminated

PossibleCause:

•FaultySensor

•FaultyEngineControlModule

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

FMI3

FMI4

•Voltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•Voltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

•Shorttobatteryon

themeteringside

•Ashorttoground

onthemetering
side

•MILilluminated•InternalfaultintheEngineControl

Module

•FaultySensor

•MILilluminated•InternalfaultintheEngineControl

Module

•FaultySensor

ECMSPN110,EngineCoolantT emperature–MID128PID110

Typeof
fault:

FMI0

FMI2

FMI4

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

•Dataerratic,

intermittentor
incorrect

•Voltagebelow

normalorshorted
low

FaultCondition:

•Coolant

temperature
indicatescritical
limit

•EngineCoolant

Temperature
sensoroutputis
toohighortoolow

•EngineCoolant

Temperature
sensorvoltage
toolow

Possible
Symptoms:

•Enginederate

•Redengine

shutdownlamp
illuminated

•Mayaffect

driveabilityin
extremecases

•MILilluminated

•Difculttostartin

coldclimates

•Idlerunregulation

isdeteriorated

PossibleCause:

•Extremedrivingcondition

•Faultycoolantthermostat

•Malfunctioningfan

•Blockedradiator

•FaultySensor

•Faultyharness

•Faultycoolantthermostat

•FaultySensor

•Faultyharness

•MILilluminated

FMI5

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

•N/A•Difculttostartin

coldclimates

•Idlerunregulation

isdeteriorated

•FaultySensor

•Faultyharness

•MILilluminated

FMI10

FMI13

•Abnormalrateof

change

•EngineCoolant

Temperature
sensoroutput
isshowinga
constantvalue

•OutofCalibration•Sensoroutof

range

•Mayaffectvehicle

driveability

•FaultySensor

•Faultyharness

•MILilluminated

•MILilluminated•FaultySensor

•Sensorindicatesa

invalidvalue

37

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

FMI16

FMI17

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperating
range-Moderately
severelevel

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperating
range-Leastsevere
level

•Coolant

temperature
indicates
moderateupper
limit

•Sensoroutof

range

•Sensorindicatesa

invalidvalue

•Enginederate

•Yellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Extremedrivingcondition

•Faultycoolantthermostat

•Malfunctioningfan

•Blockedradiator

•MILilluminated•FaultySensor

ECMSPN111,EngineCoolantLevel–MID128PID111

Typeof
fault:

FMI1

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

FaultCondition:

•Criticallybelow

range

•Coolantlevelcan

notbedetected

Possible
Symptoms:

•Enginederate

•Redengine

PossibleCause:

•Coolantlevelbelowrange

•Faultyharness

shutdownlamp
illuminated

•Coolantlevelcan

notbedetected

FMI3

FMI4

FMI5

FMI14

FMI18

•Voltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•Voltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

•ShortCircuit+,

measuringline

•Coolantlevelcan

notbedetected

•ShortCircuit-,

measuringline

•Coolantlevelcan

notbedetected

•OpenCircuit

•Coolantlevelcan

notbedetected

•Specialinstructions•Sensoroutof

range

•Sensorindicatesa

invalidvalue

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperating
range-Moderately
severelevel

•Sensoroutof

range

•Sensorindicatesa

invalidvalue

•Coolantlevelcan

notbedetected

•Yellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Coolantlevelcan

notbedetected

•Yellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Coolantlevelcan

notbedetected

•Yellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Coolantlevelcan

notbedetected

•Yellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Coolantlevelcan

notbedetected

•Yellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharnessconnector

•Faultylevelsensor

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharnessconnector

•Faultylevelsensor

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharnessconnector

•Faultylevelsensor

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharnessconnector

•Faultylevelsensor

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharnessconnector

•Faultylevelsensor

38

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

ECMSPN153,EngineHighResolutionCrankcasePressure–MID128
PID153/PSID23

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault:

FMI0

FMI2

FMI3

FMI5

FMI7

FMI13

FMI15

FMI17

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

•Dataerratic,

intermittentor
incorrect

•Voltageabove

normalorshortedto
highsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

FaultCondition:

•Outofrange,max

voltage,illegal

•CriticallyAbove

Range

•Crankcase

pressure
indicationtohigh
ortolowavalue

•ShortCircuit+,

Measuringline

•OpenCircuit,

Groundline

•OpenCircuit+,5V

SupplyLine

•ShortCircuit-,

measuringline

•OpenCircuit,

measuringline

•Mechanicalsystem

notrespondingor
outofadjustment

•Leakagedetected

inthecrankcase
ventilationsystem

•OutofCalibration•Sensoroutof

range

•Sensorindicatesa

invalidvalue

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperating
range-Leastsevere
level

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperating
range-Leastsevere
level

•Sensoroutof

range

•Sensorindicatesa

invalidvalue

•Sensoroutof

range

•Sensorindicatesa

invalidvalue

Possible
Symptoms:

•Redengine

shutdownlamp
illuminated

PossibleCause:

•Pistonringblow-by

•Forcedidle

•Engineshutdown

•MILilluminated•FaultyCrankCasePressuresenor

•Faultyharness

•MILilluminated

•Yellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•MILilluminated

•Yellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•FaultyCrankCasePressuresenor

•Faultyharness

•FaultyCrankCasePressuresenor

•Faultyharness

•MILilluminated•Faultyseparator,hosesorpipes

•MILilluminated•FaultySensor

•MILilluminated•FaultySensor

•MILilluminated•FaultySensor

ECMSPN158,KeyswitchBatteryPotential–MID128PID158/PSID124

Typeof
fault:

FMI0

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range

FaultCondition:

•EngineControl

Modulebattery
voltagetoohigh

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause:

•N/A•Chargingsystemfault

•Externalcharger

•Enginecontrolmodule(ECM)

39

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

FMI1

FMI3

FMI4

FMI16

FMI18

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperational
range

•Voltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•Voltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperating
range-Moderately
severelevel

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperating
range-Moderately
severelevel

•EngineControl

Modulebattery
voltagetoolow

•EngineControl

Modulebattery
voltagetoohigh

•EngineControl

Modulebattery
voltagetoolow

•EngineControl

Modulebattery
voltagetoohigh

•EngineControl

Modulebattery
voltagetoolow

•Starterwillnot

crank

•Chargingsystemfault

•Battery

•Groundconnection

•N/A•Chargingsystemfault

•Externalcharger

•Enginecontrolmodule(ECM)

•Starterwillnot

crank

•Chargingsystemfault

•Battery

•Groundconnection

•N/A•Chargingsystemfault

•Externalcharger

•Enginecontrolmodule(ECM)

•Starterwillnot

crank

•Chargingsystemfault

•Battery

•Groundconnection

ECMSPN171,AmbientAirT emperature–MID128PID171

Typeof
fault:

FMI2

FMI9

FMI10

FMI12

FMIDescription:

•Dataerratic,

intermittentor
incorrect

•AbnormalUpdate

Rate

•Abnormalrateof

change

•Badintelligent

deviceor
component

FaultCondition:

•KeyON,Ambient

AirT emperature
messagemissing
onSAEJ1939and
SAEJ1587data
links

•KeyON,Ambient

AirT emperature
messagemissing
onSAEJ1587
datalink

•Ambient

Temperature
sensorsignalfault

•LossofSAE

J1939datalink
communication
betweenEngine
ControlModule
andInstrument
ClusterControl
Module

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause:

•N/A•Faultyinstrumentcluster

•Faultyharness

•N/A•Faultyinstrumentcluster

•Faultyharness

•MILilluminated

(13Lengineonly)

•MILilluminated

(13Lengineonly)

•Faultyinstrumentcluster

•Faultyinstrumentcluster

•Faultyharness

40

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

FMI13

FMI14

FMI19

•Outofcalibration•Ambient

•Specialinstructions•Ambient

•Receivednetwork

datainerror

Temperature
sensorsignalfault

•Noambient

temperature
calculatedby
VehicleECU

•Novalidambient

temperature
receivedby
EngineControl
Module

Temperature
sensorsignalfault

•Ambient

Temperature
sensorsignalfault

•MILilluminated

(13Lengineonly)

•Faultyinstrumentcluster/harnessor

clusterharnessconnectors

•MILilluminated•AmbientT emperaturesensorsignal

missingfromVehicleECU

•MILilluminated

(13Lengineonly)

•Faultyinstrumentcluster

41

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

ECMSPN173,EngineExhaustGasTemperature(EGT)–MID128PID173

Typeof
fault:

FMI0

FMI2

FMI4

FMI5

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

•Dataerratic,

intermittentor
incorrect

•Voltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

FaultCondition:

•ExhaustGas

Temperatureis
criticallyhigh

•Sensorisnot

rational

•Shorttogroundon

themeteringside
ofthecircuit

•Shorttobatteryon

themeteringside
ofthecircuit

•Openinthe

meteringsideof
thecircuit

•Openinthe

groundsideof
thecircuit

Possible
Symptoms:

•Enginederate

•Poordriveability

•Regenerationis

notpossible

•MILilluminated

•Regenerationis

notpossible

•MILilluminated

•Regenerationis

notpossible

•MILilluminated•Faultyharness

PossibleCause:

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharnessconnector

•Intakeairleak

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharnessconnector

•Exhaustleak

•Intakeairleak

•Sensorfailure

•Sensorfailure

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharnessconnector

•Aftertreatmentcontrolmodule(ACM)

•Sensorfailure

•Faultyharnessconnector

FMI15

FMI16

42

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperating
range-Leastsevere
level

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperating
range-Moderately
severelevel

•Sensoroutof

range

•Sensorindicatesa

invalidvalue

•ExhaustGas

Temperatureis
moderatelytoo
high

•MILilluminated•Sensorfailure

•Faultyharness

•Enginederate

•Poordriveability

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharnessconnector

•Intakeairleak

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

ECMSPN175,EngineOilT emperature1–MID128PID175

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault:

FMI0

FMI2

FMI4

FMI5

FMI13

FMI16

FMI17

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

•Dataerratic,

intermittentor
incorrect

•Voltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

FaultCondition:

•Extremedriving

conditions

•Engineoil

temperature
criticallyabove
range

•Engineoil

temperature
sensorindicating
toohighortoolow
avalue(abnormal
value)

•Shortcircuit-,

measuringline

•Shortcircuit+,

measuringline

•Opencircuit

•OutofCalibration•Sensoroutof

range

•Sensorindicatesa

invalidvalue

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperating
range-Moderately
severelevel

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperating
range-Leastsevere
level

•Extremedriving

conditions

•Engineoil

temperatureis
moderatelytoo
high

•Sensoroutof

range

•Sensorindicatesa

invalidvalue

Possible
Symptoms:

•Redengine

shutdownlamp
illuminated

•Enginederate

PossibleCause:

•Extremedrivingconditions

•Enginecoolingfan

•Oilthermostat

•Coolantsystem

•Cloggedoilcooler

•MILilluminated

(13Lengineonly)

•Insomecases

mayhave
aneffecton
driveability

•MILilluminated

(13Lengineonly)

•Yellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•MILilluminated

(13Lengineonly)

•Yellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•EngineOilT emperature(EOT)sensor

failure

•Faultyharness

•EngineOilT emperature(EOT)sensor

failure

•Faultyharness

•EngineOilT emperature(EOT)sensor

failure

•Faultyharness

•MILilluminated•EngineOilT emperature(EOT)sensor

failure

•Yellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Enginederate

•Extremedrivingconditions

•Enginecoolingfan

•Oilthermostat

•Coolantsystem

•Cloggedoilcooler

•MILilluminated•EngineOilT emperature(EOT)sensor

failure

43

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

ECMSPN177,TransmissionOilT emperature–MID128PID177

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault:

FMI0

FMI16

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperating
range-Moderately
severelevel

FaultCondition:

•Oiltemperature

criticallyabove
range

•Oiltemperature

ismoderatelytoo
high

Possible
Symptoms:

•Redengine

•Yellowelectronic

shutdownlamp
illuminated

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

PossibleCause:

•Transmissionoilcooler

•Coolantsystem

•Extremedrivingconditions

•Enginecoolingfan

•Oilthermostat

•Coolantsystem

•Cloggedoilcooler

ECMSPN188,EngineSpeedAtIdle,Point1(EngineCongurations)–
MID128PID188

Typeof
fault:

FMI0

FMI1

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

FaultCondition:

•Engineidlespeed

abovedesired
speed

•Engineidlespeed

belowdesired
speed

Possible
Symptoms:

•MILilluminated

•Highengineoil

consumption

•Highfuel

consumption

•MILilluminated

•Highfuel

consumption

PossibleCause:

•Engineoilenteringcylinders

•Leakingorfaultyfuelinjector

•Lowenginetorqueproduction

•Faultyfuelinjector

•Lowcylindercompression

•Enginefrictionistoohigh

ECMSPN190,EngineSpeed–MID128PID190

44

Typeof
fault:

FMI0

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

FaultCondition:

•Engineis/was

overspeeding

Possible
Symptoms:

•Redengine

shutdownlamp
illuminated

PossibleCause:

•Engineoilenteringcylinders

•Faultycrankcaseoillter

•Possibleenginebrakeengaged

causingengineoverspeeding

•Possibletransmissiondownshift

causingengineoverspeeding

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

ECMSPN228,SpeedSensorCalibration–MID128PID228

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault:

FMI9

FMI11

FMIDescription:

•Abnormalupdate

rate

•Failuremodenot

identiable

FaultCondition:

•SAEJ1587data

linkcalibration
factormessage
doesnotexist.
(VECUerror).

•SAEJ1587data

linkcalibration
factormessage
doesnotexist.
(VECUerror).

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause:

•Wrongtripdata•VehicleECU

•Wrongtripdata•VehicleECU

ECMSPN237,VehicleIdenticationNumber–MID128PSID161/162

Typeof
fault:

FMI2

FMI12

FMIDescription:

•Dataerratic,

intermittentor
incorrect

•Badintelligent

deviceor
component

FaultCondition:

•Noanswerfrom

VIN

•Badanswerfrom

VIN

Possible
Symptoms:

•Yellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Enginewillnot

start

•Yellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

PossibleCause:

•Datalinkerror

•ECM

•MissingVINinotherECM’s(commonly

VECU,LCM)

•ECM

•MismatchedVINsentfromother

ECM’s(commonlyVECU,LCM)

•Enginewillnot

start

ECMSPN245,TotalVehicleDistance–MID128PID245

Typeof
fault:

FMI9

FMIDescription:

•Abnormalupdate

rate

FaultCondition:

•SAEJ1587data

linktotalvehicle
distancemessage
doesnotexist.
(VECUerror).

Possible
Symptoms:

•N/A•VehicleECU

PossibleCause:

45

Group28

ECMSPN251,Time–MID128PID251

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault:

FMI2

FMI9

FMI10

FMI12

FMI13

FMI19

FMIDescription:

•Dataerratic,

intermittentor
incorrect

FaultCondition:

•Timedata

messagemissing
onSAEJ1587and
J1939datalinks.
(Clustererror).

•Timestamp

fromclusterisn’t
available.

•Abnormalupdate

rate

•Timedata

messagedidn’t
arrivewhen
expected.(Cluster
error).

•Timestamp

fromclusterisn’t
available.

•Abnormalrateof

change

•Soaktimetoo

long.

•Timedatafault,

datadeemed
inaccurate.

•Badintelligent

deviceor
component

•Timeanddate

datamissingon
J1939datalink.

•Outofcalibration•Time/datefault•MILilluminated

•Receivednetwork

datainerror

•Soaktimetoolong.

•Timedatafault,

datadeemed
inaccurate.

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause:

•N/A•InstrumentCluster

•N/A•InstrumentCluster

•MILilluminated

(13Lengineonly)

•InstrumentCluster

•Enginemakes

warmstartbut
coldstartneeded.

•MILilluminated•InstrumentCluster

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharnessconnector

•InstrumentCluster

(13Lengineonly)

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharnessconnector

•MILilluminated

(13Lengineonly)

•InstrumentCluster

46

Group28

ECMSPN252,Date–MID128PID252

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault:

FMI9

FMIDescription:

•Abnormalupdate

rate

FaultCondition:

•Timestamp

fromclusterisn’t
available.

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause:

•N/A•InstrumentCluster

•Datedata

messagemissing
onSAEJ1587
datalink.(Cluster
error).

ECMSPN411,EngineExhaustGasRecirculationDifferentialPressure–
MID128PID411

Typeof
fault:

FMI0

FMI1

FMI2

FMI3

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

•Dataerratic,

intermittentor
incorrect

•Voltageabove

normalorshortedto
highsource

FaultCondition:

•ExhaustGas

Recirculation
(EGR)differential
pressuresensor
outputreadingtoo
high.(abnormal
value)

•ExhaustGas

Recirculation
(EGR)differential
pressuresensor
outputreadingtoo
low.(abnormal
value)

•Onlyusedto

controlEGRvalve.

•Shorttobatteryin

meteringline

•Openinthe

groundcircuit

Possible
Symptoms:

•MILilluminated

•Enginederate

•MILilluminated•Faultyharness

•N/A•N/A

•MILilluminated

•Enginederate

PossibleCause:

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharnessconnector

•Faultysensor

•EGRleakage

•CloggedEGRcooler

•Faultyharnessconnector

•Faultysensor

•Cloggedventuri

•FaultyEGRdifferentialpressure

sensorconnector

•FaultyEGRdifferentialpressure

sensorharness

•FaultyEGRdifferentialpressure

sensor

47

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

FMI5

FMI7

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

•Mechanicalsystem

notrespondingor
outofadjustment

•Openinthe5volt

supplyline

•Shorttogroundin

meteringline

•Openinthe

meteringline

•EGRdifferential

pressuresensor
isreadeitherto
highortoolow .
(Abnormalvalue).

•MILilluminated

•Enginederate

•MILilluminated

•Enginederate

•FaultyEGRdifferentialpressure

sensorconnector

•FaultyEGRdifferentialpressure

sensorharness

•FaultyEGRdifferentialpressure

sensor

•FaultyEGRdifferentialpressure

sensorconnector

•FaultyEGRdifferentialpressure

sensorharness

•FaultyEGRdifferentialpressure

sensor

•EGRvalve

•EGRvalveleak

•Cloggedventuri

ECMSPN412,EngineExhaustGasRecirculationTemperature–MID128
PID412

Typeof
fault:

FMI0

FMI2

FMI4

FMI5

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

•Dataerratic,

intermittentor
incorrect

•Voltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

FaultCondition:

•EngineExhaust

GasRecirculation
Temperatureis
aboverange

•EGRtemperate

signal,believed
tobenotvalid
(plausibilityfault)

•Shorttoground

onthemetering
sideoftheEGR
Sensorcircuit

•Shorttobattery

inthemetering
sideoftheEGR
Sensorcircuit

•Openinthe

meteringsideof
theEGRSensor
circuit

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause:

•Enginederate•Extremedrivingconditions

•EGRcoolerfailure

•MILilluminated

•Faultysensor

•Enginederate

•MILilluminated

•Enginepower

willbederated
accordingtothe
errortorquemap

•MILilluminated

•Enginederate

•FaultyEGRT emperatureSensor

connector

•FaultyEGRT emperatureSensor

harness

•FaultyEGRT emperatureSensor

•FaultyEGRT emperatureSensor

connector

•FaultyEGRT emperatureSensor

harness

•FaultyEGRT emperatureSensor

•Opencircuitin

thegroundlineof
theEGRSensor
circuit

48

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

FMI13

FMI13

FMI15

FMI16

FMI17

•Outofcalibration•EngineExhaust

•Sensorindicates

•Outofcalibration•EngineExhaust

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperating
range-Leastsevere
level

•EngineExhaust

•Sensorindicates

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperating
range-Moderately
severelevel

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperating
range-Leastsevere
level

•EngineExhaust

•EngineExhaust

•Sensorindicates

GasRecirculation
Temperature
sensorisoutof
range(low)

ainvalidvalue

GasRecirculation
Temperature
sensorisabove
range

GasRecirculation
Temperature
sensorisoutof
range(high)

ainvalidvalue

GasRecirculation
Temperatureis
aboverange

GasRecirculation
Temperatureis
outofrange(low)

ainvalidvalue

•MILilluminated•FaultyEGRT emperatureSensor

connector

•FaultyEGRT emperatureSensor

harness

•FaultyEGRT emperatureSensor

•Enginederate•Extremedrivingconditions

•EGRcoolerfailure

•MILilluminated•FaultyEGRT emperatureSensor

connector

•FaultyEGRT emperatureSensor

harness

•FaultyEGRT emperatureSensor

•Enginederate•Extremedrivingconditions

•EGRcoolerfailure

•MILilluminated•FaultyEGRT emperatureSensor

connector

•FaultyEGRT emperatureSensor

harness

•FaultyEGRT emperatureSensor

ECMSPN558,AcceleratorPedal1IdleValidationSwitch–MID128SID230

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMI5

FMIDescription:

•Voltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

FaultCondition:

•IdleV alidation

Switch(IVS)
signalshorted
tovoltage

•IdleV alidation

Switch(IVS)
signalshorted
togroundoropen

Possible
Symptoms:

•Yellowelectronic

•Yellowelectronic

PossibleCause:

•Faultyharnessorconnector

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Faultyharnessorconnector

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

49

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

ECMSPN626,IntakeAirHeater(IAH)Relay–MID128PID45

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMI4

FMI5

FMIDescription:

•Voltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•Voltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

FaultCondition:

•ShortCircuit+,

Measuringline

Possible
Symptoms:

•Preheatrelaynot

activated

•Whitesmokefor

coldstart

•Startproblemsin

coldclimate

•ShortCircuit-,

Measuringline

•Redengine

shutdownlamp
illuminated(13L
engineCXU,CHU
andGUonly)

•Yellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Inductionairishot

•Preheatrelayis

impossibletoturn
off

•OpenCircuit•Preheatrelaynot

activated

•Whitesmokefor

coldstart

•Startproblemsin

coldclimate

PossibleCause:

•Preheatrelaysolenoidshorted

•Faultyharness

•FaultyPreheatrelay

•Faultyharness

ECMSPN628,ProgramMemory–MID128SID240

Typeof
fault:

FMI2

FMIDescription:

•Dataerratic,

intermittentor
incorrect

FaultCondition:

•Checksumerror•Redengine

Possible
Symptoms:

shutdownlamp
illuminated

•Enginewillnot

start

FMI11

•Rootcausenot

known

•Badsoftware

conguration

•MILilluminated

•Enginewillnot

start

PossibleCause:

•EngineControlModule(ECM)

software

•EngineControlModule(ECM)

software

50

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

FMI12

FMI14

•Badintelligent

deviceor
component

•Erroroncode-part

ofashRAMor
erasedvendor
area

•Redengine

shutdownlamp
illuminated

•Nothingfunctions

•Specialinstructions•VINnotloadedyet•FlashingMIL

•EngineControlModule(ECM)

software

•EngineControlModule(ECM)

•VINmissing

•Enginewillnot

start

ECMSPN629,ElectronicControlUnit(ECU)1–MID128SID254

Typeof
fault:

FMI8

FMIDescription:

•Abnormalfrequency

orpulsewidthor
period

FaultCondition:

•Selftestfailure•Redengine

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause:

•EngineControlModule(ECM)

shutdownlamp
illuminated

•Notpossibleto

programEngine
ControlModule
(ECM)

FMI12

•Badintelligent

deviceor
component

•Selftestfailure•Redengine

shutdownlamp
illuminated

•Enginewillnot

start

ECMSPN630,CalibrationMemory–MID128SID253

Typeof
fault:

FMI2

FMIDescription:

•Dataerratic,

intermittentor
incorrect

FaultCondition:

•Checksumerror•Redengine

Possible
Symptoms:

shutdownlamp
illuminated

•Enginewillnot

start

•EngineControlModule(ECM)

PossibleCause:

•EngineControlModule(ECM)

software

51

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

FMI12

•Badintelligent

deviceor
component

•Checksumerror•Redengine

•EngineControlModule(ECM)

shutdownlamp
illuminated

•Enginewillnot

start

FMI14

•Specialinstructions•VINnotloadedyet•Redengine

shutdownlamp
illuminated

•EngineControlModule(ECM)

software

•Lossoflogdata

andsomeuser
congurabledata

ECMSPN631,CalibrationModule–MID128PSID77/PSID124

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMI8

FMIDescription:

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•Abnormalfrequency

orpulsewidthor
period

FaultCondition:

•Checksumerror•Enginewillnot

•ResetofECM

doesnotwork

Possible
Symptoms:

start

•Enginewillnot

start

PossibleCause:

•Softwareerror

•Softwareerror

ECMSPN633,EngineFuelActuator1ControlCommand–MID128SID18

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMI4

FMI5

FMIDescription:

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•V oltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

FaultCondition:

•Circuitshorted+•Y ellowelectronic

•Circuitshorted–•Y ellowelectronic

•Opencircuit•Y ellowelectronic

Possible
Symptoms:

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•V alveconstantly

shut

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Highfuel

consumptiondue
tofuelleakage

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

PossibleCause:

•Faultysolenoid

•Faultyharness

•FaultyECMdriver

•Faultysolenoid

•Faultyharness

•FaultyECMdriver

•Faultysolenoid

•Faultyharness

•V alveconstantly

shut

52

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

ECMSPN636,CamshaftPositionSensor(CMP)–MID128SID21

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault:

FMI2

FMI3

FMI8

FMIDescription:

•Dataerratic,

intermittentor
incorrect

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•Abnormalfrequency

orpulsewidthor
period

FaultCondition:

•PhaseError

-Incorrect
correlation
betweenCMP
andcrankshaft
position(CKP)
sensor

•MissingSignal

fromCMPsensor

•OpenintheCMP

sensorcircuit

•Shorttobatteryin

theCMPsensor
circuit

•Shorttogroundin

theCMPsensor
circuit

•NoisySignalfrom

CMPsensor

•OpenintheCMP

sensorcircuit

Possible
Symptoms:

•MILilluminated

•Increaseinfuel

consumption

•MILilluminated

•Possiblelossof

enginepower

•Increasedengine

starttime

•MILilluminated

•Possiblelossof

enginepower

•Increasedengine

starttime

PossibleCause:

•Enginetiming

•Faultyharness

•FaultyCMPsensor

•Faultyharness

53

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

ECMSPN637,CrankshaftPositionSensor(CKP)–MID128SID22

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault:

FMI2

FMI3

FMI8

FMIDescription:

•Dataerratic,

intermittentor
incorrect

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•Abnormalfrequency

orpulsewidthor
period

FaultCondition:

•Intermittentor

weaksignal

•MissingSignal

CKPsensor

•OpenintheCKP

sensorcircuit

•Shorttobatteryin

theCKPsensor
circuit

•Shorttogroundin

theCKPsensor
circuit

•Erraticor

intermittentsignal
fromCKPsensor

•OpenintheCKP

sensor

Possible
Symptoms:

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Increasedfuel

consumption

•Impreciseengine

timing

•Increasedfuel

consumption

•Unevencylinder

balancing

•Powerloss

•Smoke

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Possiblelossof

enginepower

•Increasedfuel

consumption

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Possiblelossof

enginepower

•Increasedengine

starttime

•Increasedfuel

consumption

•Unevencylinder

balancing

•Powerloss

•Smoke

PossibleCause:

•FaultyCKPsensorharness

•FaultyCKPsensor

•FaultyCKPsensorharness

•FaultyCKPsensor

•FaultyCKPsensorharness

•FaultyCKPsensormounting

54

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

ECMSPN639,SAEJ1939DataLink1–MID128SID231

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault:

FMI2

FMIDescription:

•Dataerratic,

intermittentor
incorrect

FaultCondition:

•SAEJ1939highor

lowcircuitshorted
+

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause:

•MILilluminated•Faultyharnessorconnector

•SAEJ1939highor

lowcircuitshorted
–

•SAEJ1939high

orlowcircuitopen

ECMSPN641,EngineVariableGeometryTurbocharger(VGT)Actuator
1–MID128SID27

Typeof
fault:

FMI0

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

FaultCondition:

•EngineVariable

Geometry
Turbocharger
(VGT)actuator
temperatureoutof
range

Possible
Symptoms:

•PossibleRed

engineshutdown
lampilluminated
(dependanton
severity)

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

PossibleCause:

•N/A

•Possibleengine

derate

FMI2

•Dataerratic,

intermittentor
incorrect

•EngineVariable

Geometry
Turbocharger
(VGT)actuator
hasnotseena
validcommandon
CAN2datalink

•Incorrectdata

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

•Lowboost

•Lowpower

•Nozzleopens

•DisturbanceonCAN2datalink

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Smokefrom

engine

FMI4

•V oltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

•Shorttoground•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•FaultyVGTactuatorconnector

•FaultyVGTactuatorharness

•Lowbatteryvoltage

•Nozzlewillopen

resultinginlow
powerandlow
boost

•VGTactuator

willcontinue
toattemptand
maintaintarget
nozzleposition

55

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

FMI7

FMI9

FMI13

•Mechanicalsystem

notrespondingor
outofadjustment

•Abnormalupdate

rate

•Mechanical

problemwith
theEngine
VariableGeometry
Turbocharger
(VGT)actuator

•Datafromthe

EngineVariable
Geometry
Turbocharger
(VGT)actuator
hasbeenmissing
for2-seconds

•Outofcalibration•Failedself-

calibration

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Lowboostand

smoke

•Possibleengine

derate

•Powerlossin

somecaseswhen
actuatormotor
hasbeendisabled

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Enginederated

(major)

•EGRvalveclosed

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•VGTactuatormotoreffortis

temporarilylimitedtoprevent
overheating

•Restrictionsdetectedwhenrunning

learnsequence

•VGTactuatorisslowtofollow

commands

•VGTactuatorpositionisnottracking

command

•Datalinkharness

•NosupplytoVGTactuator

•VGTactuator

•VGTactuatorconnector

•VGTactuator

ECMSPN642,EngineVariableGeometryTurbocharger(VGT)Actuator2
–MID128PPID89

Typeof
fault

FMI0

FMI16

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperating
range-Moderately
severelevel

FaultCondition:

•VGTSRA

temperatureis
criticallyhigh

•VGTSRA

temperatureis
moderatelytoo
high

Possible
Symptoms:

•Redengine

•Enginederate

•Y ellowelectronic

•Enginederate

shutdownlamp
illuminated

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

PossibleCause

•Coolantsystemmalfunction

•Extremedrivingconditions

•OverheatedVGTactuator

•Coolantsystemmalfunction

•Extremedrivingconditions

•OverheatedVGTactuator

ECMSPN647,EngineFanClutchOutputDeviceDriver–MID128SID33

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMIDescription:

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

FaultCondition:

•Shorttopositive

inthecoolingfan
controlcircuit

Possible
Symptoms:

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

PossibleCause:

•Faultycoolingfanactuator

•Faultycoolingfanactuatorharnessor

connector

•Increasedfuel

consumption

•Fanrunsatfull

speed

56

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

FMI4

FMI5

•V oltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

•Shorttoground

inthecoolingfan
controlcircuit

•Outputvoltage

is1/3thesupply
voltage

•Openinthe

coolingfancontrol
circuit

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Fanalways

deactivatedor
alwaysactivatedif
faultisintermittent

•Increasedfuel

consumption

•Fanrunsatfull

speed

•Faultycoolingfanactuator

•Faultycoolingfanactuatorharnessor

connector

•Faultycoolingfanactuator

•Faultycoolingfanactuatorharnessor

connector

ECMSPN651,EngineInjectorCylinder1–MID128SID1

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMIDescription:

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

FaultCondition:

•Harnessshorted+

lowsidecircuit

Possible
Symptoms:

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

PossibleCause:

•Faultyharness

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Enginepowerloss

•Enginerunning

uneven(misre)

FMI5

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

•Harnessshorted

+,–oropenhigh
sidecircuit

•Harnessshorted–

lowsidecircuit

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Enginepowerloss

•Faultyharness

•Faultyenginefuelinjector

•Enginerunning

uneven(misre)

FMI7

•Mechanicalsystem

notresponding
properly

•Cylinderbalancing

dataabovelimit

•MILilluminated•PTOengagedwithoutECMknowing

•Faultyenginefuelinjector

•Lowcylindercompression

•Damagedorywheel

FMI8

FMI13

•Abnormalfrequency,

pulsewidth,or
period

•Misredetected•MILilluminated

•Outofcalibration•Cylinderbalancing

dataabovelimit

•Faultyenginefuelinjector(possibly

•Roughengineidle

clogged)

•MILilluminated•PTOengagedwithoutECMknowing

•Faultyenginefuelinjector

•Lowcylindercompression

•Damagedorywheel

FMI31

•Conditionexists•Misredetected•MILilluminated

•Roughengineidle

•Faultyenginefuelinjector(possibly

clogged)

57

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

ECMSPN652,EngineInjectorCylinder2–MID128SID2

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMI5

FMI7

FMI8

FMI13

FMI31

FMIDescription:

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

FaultCondition:

•Harnessshorted+

lowsidecircuit

•Harnessshorted

+,–oropenhigh
sidecircuit

•Harnessshorted–

lowsidecircuit

•Mechanicalsystem

notresponding
properly

•Abnormalfrequency,

pulsewidth,or
period

•Cylinderbalancing

dataabovelimit

•Misredetected•MILilluminated

•Outofcalibration•Cylinderbalancing

dataabovelimit

•Conditionexists•Misredetected•MILilluminated

Possible
Symptoms:

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Enginepowerloss

•Enginerunning

uneven(misre)

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Enginepowerloss

•Enginerunning

uneven(misre)

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Roughengineidle

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Roughengineidle

PossibleCause:

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharness

•Faultyenginefuelinjector

•PTOengagedwithoutECMknowing

•Faultyenginefuelinjector

•Lowcylindercompression

•Damagedorywheel

•Faultyenginefuelinjector(possibly

clogged)

•PTOengagedwithoutECMknowing

•Faultyenginefuelinjector

•Lowcylindercompression

•Damagedorywheel

•Faultyenginefuelinjector(possibly

clogged)

ECMSPN653,EngineInjectorCylinder3–MID128SID3

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMIDescription:

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

FaultCondition:

•Harnessshorted+

lowsidecircuit

Possible
Symptoms:

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

PossibleCause:

•Faultyharness

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Enginepowerloss

•Enginerunning

uneven(misre)

58

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

FMI5

FMI7

FMI8

FMI13

FMI31

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

•Harnessshorted

+,–oropenhigh
sidecircuit

•Harnessshorted–

lowsidecircuit

•Mechanicalsystem

notresponding
properly

•Abnormalfrequency,

pulsewidth,or
period

•Cylinderbalancing

dataabovelimit

•Misredetected•MILilluminated

•Outofcalibration•Cylinderbalancing

dataabovelimit

•Conditionexists•Misredetected•MILilluminated

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Enginepowerloss

•Enginerunning

uneven(misre)

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Roughengineidle

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Roughengineidle

•Faultyharness

•Faultyenginefuelinjector

•PTOengagedwithoutECMknowing

•Faultyenginefuelinjector

•Lowcylindercompression

•Damagedorywheel

•Faultyenginefuelinjector(possibly

clogged)

•PTOengagedwithoutECMknowing

•Faultyenginefuelinjector

•Lowcylindercompression

•Damagedorywheel

•Faultyenginefuelinjector(possibly

clogged)

ECMSPN654,EngineInjectorCylinder4–MID128SID4

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMIDescription:

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

FaultCondition:

•Harnessshorted+

lowsidecircuit

Possible
Symptoms:

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

PossibleCause:

•Faultyharness

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Enginepowerloss

•Enginerunning

uneven(misre)

FMI5

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

•Harnessshorted

+,–oropenhigh
sidecircuit

•Harnessshorted–

lowsidecircuit

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Enginepowerloss

•Faultyharness

•Faultyenginefuelinjector

•Enginerunning

uneven(misre)

FMI7

•Mechanicalsystem

notresponding
properly

•Cylinderbalancing

dataabovelimit

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•PTOengagedwithoutECMknowing

•Faultyenginefuelinjector

•Lowcylindercompression

•Damagedorywheel

59

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

FMI8

FMI13

FMI31

•Abnormalfrequency,

pulsewidth,or
period

•Misredetected•MILilluminated

•Outofcalibration•Cylinderbalancing

dataabovelimit

•Conditionexists•Misredetected•MILilluminated

•Roughengineidle

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Roughengineidle

•Faultyenginefuelinjector(possibly

clogged)

•PTOengagedwithoutECMknowing

•Faultyenginefuelinjector

•Lowcylindercompression

•Damagedorywheel

•Faultyenginefuelinjector(possibly

clogged)

ECMSPN655,EngineInjectorCylinder5–MID128SID5

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMIDescription:

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

FaultCondition:

•Harnessshorted+

lowsidecircuit

Possible
Symptoms:

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

PossibleCause:

•Faultyharness

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Enginepowerloss

•Enginerunning

uneven(misre)

FMI5

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

•Harnessshorted

+,–oropenhigh
sidecircuit

•Harnessshorted–

lowsidecircuit

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Enginepowerloss

•Faultyharness

•Faultyenginefuelinjector

•Enginerunning

uneven(misre)

FMI7

FMI8

FMI13

FMI31

•Mechanicalsystem

notresponding
properly

•Abnormalfrequency,

pulsewidth,or
period

•Cylinderbalancing

dataabovelimit

•Misredetected•MILilluminated

•Outofcalibration•Cylinderbalancing

dataabovelimit

•Conditionexists•Misredetected•MILilluminated

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Roughengineidle

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Roughengineidle

•PTOengagedwithoutECMknowing

•Faultyenginefuelinjector

•Lowcylindercompression

•Damagedorywheel

•Faultyenginefuelinjector(possibly

clogged)

•PTOengagedwithoutECMknowing

•Faultyenginefuelinjector

•Lowcylindercompression

•Damagedorywheel

•Faultyenginefuelinjector(possibly

clogged)

60

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

ECMSPN656,EngineInjectorCylinder6–MID128SID6

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMI5

FMI7

FMI8

FMI13

FMI31

FMIDescription:

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

FaultCondition:

•Harnessshorted+

lowsidecircuit

•Harnessshorted

+,–oropenhigh
sidecircuit

•Harnessshorted–

lowsidecircuit

•Mechanicalsystem

notresponding
properly

•Abnormalfrequency,

pulsewidth,or
period

•Cylinderbalancing

dataabovelimit

•Misredetected•MILilluminated

•Outofcalibration•Cylinderbalancing

dataabovelimit

•Conditionexists•Misredetected•MILilluminated

Possible
Symptoms:

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Enginepowerloss

•Enginerunning

uneven(misre)

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Enginepowerloss

•Enginerunning

uneven(misre)

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Roughengineidle

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Roughengineidle

PossibleCause:

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharness

•Faultyenginefuelinjector

•PTOengagedwithoutECMknowing

•Faultyenginefuelinjector

•Lowcylindercompression

•Damagedorywheel

•Faultyenginefuelinjector(possibly

clogged)

•PTOengagedwithoutECMknowing

•Faultyenginefuelinjector

•Lowcylindercompression

•Damagedorywheel

•Faultyenginefuelinjector(possibly

clogged)

ECMSPN677,EngineStarterMotorRelay–MID128SID39

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMIDescription:

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

FaultCondition:

•Circuitshorted+•Y ellowelectronic

Possible
Symptoms:

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

PossibleCause:

•Faultystarterrelay

•Faultharness

•Enginewillnot

start

61

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

FMI5

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

•Opencircuit•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Faultystarterrelay

•Faultharness

•Enginewillnot

start

ECMSPN729,IntakeAirHeater(IAH)1–MID128SID70

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMI4

FMIDescription:

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•V oltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

FaultCondition:

•Circuitshorted+,

measuringline

•Circuitshorted–,

measuringline

Possible
Symptoms:

•Y ellowelectronic

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

PossibleCause:

•Faultypreheatrelay

•Faultyintakeairheater(IAH)1

•Faultypreheatrelay

•Faultyintakeairheater(IAH)1

FMI5

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

•Opencircuit•Y ellowelectronic

•Faultyintakeairheater(IAH)1

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

ECMSPN730,IntakeAirHeater(IAH)2–MID128SID71

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMI4

FMIDescription:

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•V oltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

FaultCondition:

•Circuitshorted+,

measuringline

•Circuitshorted–,

measuringline

Possible
Symptoms:

•Y ellowelectronic

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

PossibleCause:

•Faultypreheatrelay

•Fautlyintakeairheater(IAH)2

•Faultypreheatrelay

•Fautlyintakeairheater(IAH)2

62

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

FMI5

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

•Opencircuit•Y ellowelectronic

•Fautlyintakeairheater(IAH)2

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

ECMSPN975,EstimatedPercentFanSpeed–(MID128PID26)

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMIDescription:

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

FaultCondition:

•Missingsignal

fromFanSpeed
Sensor

•ShortCircuit+,

Measuringline

•ShortCircuit-,

Measuringline

Possible
Symptoms:

•Higherfuel

consumption

•Willworkason/off

fan,100%fan
speedifcoolingis
needed

PossibleCause:

•CoolingFanSpeed(CFS)sensor

failure

•FaultyCoolingFanSpeed(CFS)

sensorharness

•OpenCircuit,

Measuringline

•OpenCircuit,

Groundline

63

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

ECMSPN1072,EngineCompressionBrakeOutput#1–MID128PPID122

Typeof
fault

FMI1

FMI3

FMI4

FMI5

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•V oltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

FaultCondition:

•Belowrange•NoEngine

•ShortCircuit+•Yellowelectronic

•ShortCircuit-•Y ellowelectronic

•OpenCircuit•Y ellowelectronic

Possible
Symptoms:

Compression
Brake

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Engine

Compression
Brakecannot
beturnedon

•Enginebrake

functionderated

•Gearshift

performance
deratedfor
someautomatic
transmissions

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Compression

brakecannot
beturnedoff

•Enginestops

running

•Engineimpossible

torestart

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Compressionrake

cannotbeturned
on

•Enginebrake

functionderated

•Gearshift

performance
deratedfor
someautomatic
transmission
boxes

PossibleCause

•Lowengineoiltemperature

•FaultyEngineCompressionBrake

actuator

•Faultyharness

•FaultyEngineCompressionBrake

actuator

•Faultyharness

•FaultyEngineCompressionBrake

actuator

•Faultyharness

64

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

ECMSPN1127,EngineTurbochargerIntakeManifoldPressure(IMP)–
MID128PSID98

Typeof
fault:

FMI0

FMI1

FMI10

FMI11

FMI13

FMI14

FMI16

FMI18

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperational
range

•Abnormalrateof

change

•Rootcausenot

known

•Outofcalibration•V ariableGeometry

•Specialinstructions•PoorEngine

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperating
range-Moderately
severelevel

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperating
range-Moderately
severelevel

FaultCondition:

•Engine

Turbocharger
boostpressure
istoohigh

•Engine

Turbocharger
boostpressure
istoolow

•PoorEngine

Turbocharger
boostpressure
response

•V ariableGeometry

Turbocharger
controlmodefault

Turbocharger
controlmode
adjustment
exceeded

Turbocharger
boostpressure
response

•Engine

Turbocharger
boostpressure
istoohigh

•Engine

Turbocharger
boostpressure
istoolow

Possible
Symptoms:

•MILilluminated

(13Lengineonly)

•Turbocharger

surge

•MILilluminated

(13Lengineonly)

•Enginederate

PossibleCause:

•EGRsystemfailure

•FaultyTurbochargerouletpressure

sensor

•Airleakinturbochargerhoses,pipes,

brackets,coolerorcomponents

•EGRsystemfault

•Engineslowto

respond

•MILilluminated

•Enginepower

loss/re­sponse/drivability

•Turbochargerinletairsystemleak

•FaultyTurbocharger

•MILilluminated•V ariableGeometryTurbochargerfault

•Enginepower

loss/re­sponse/drivability

•Airleakinturbochargerhoses,pipes,

brackets,coolerorcomponents

•EGRsystemfault

•FaultyTurbochargerouletpressure

sensor

•Exhaustbackpressuretoohigh

•MILilluminated•Airleakinturbochargerhoses,pipes,

brackets,coolerorcomponents

•V ariableGeometryTurbochargerfault

•Oilpressurefault

•MILilluminated

(13Lengineonly)

•EGRsystemfailure

•Faultysensor

•Turbocharger

surge

•MILilluminated

(13Lengineonly)

•Enginederate

•Airleakinturbochargerhoses,pipes,

brackets,coolerorcomponents

•EGRsystemfailure

•Engineslowto

respond

65

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

ECMSPN1136,EngineControlModule(ECM)T emperature–MID128
PPID55

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault

FMI4

FMI5

FMIDescription:

•V oltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

FaultCondition:

•Shorttoground

onthemetering
circuit

•Shorttobattery

inthemetering
circuit

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause

•N/A•EngineControlModule(ECM)

•N/A•EngineControlModule(ECM)

•Openinthe

meteringcircuit

•Opencircuitinthe

groundcircuit

ECMSPN1198,Anti–theftRandomNumber–MID128PID224

Typeof
fault:

FMI2

FMI12

FMIDescription:

•Dataerratic,

intermittentor
incorrect

•Badintelligent

deviceor
component

FaultCondition:

•EngineControl

Moduleand
InstrumentControl
Modulesecurity
codesdonot
match

•Securitysystem

notinstalled

Possible
Symptoms:

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Canstartengine

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

PossibleCause:

•Securitysystemfailure

•Securitysystemfailure

•Canstartengine

66

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

ECMSPN1231,SAEJ1939DataLink2–MID128PSID229/232

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault:

FMI2

FMI9

FMIDescription:

•Dataerratic,

intermittentor
incorrect

•Abnormalupdate

rate

FaultCondition:

•Circuitshorted+

•Circuitshorted–

•Opencircuit

•Missingsignal

fromTransmission
ControlModule
(TCM)

Possible
Symptoms:

•MILilluminated

•Enginepowerloss

•NoAftertreatment

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)
dosing

•Novariable

geometryengine
turbocharger
control

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•NoAftertreatment

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)
dosing

PossibleCause:

•Faultyharness

•SAEJ1939datalink

•Faultyharnessorconnectors

•DEFpump

•AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid

(DEF)controlmodule

ECMSPN1265,EnginePistonCoolingOilPressureActuator–MID128
SID85

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMIDescription:

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

FaultCondition:

•Circuitshorted+•Y ellowelectronic

Possible
Symptoms:

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

PossibleCause:

•Faultyharness

•Faultyactuator

•Possiblesmoke

duringstartup

FMI4

•V oltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

•Circuitshorted–•Redengine

shutdownlamp
illuminated

•Faultyharness

•Faultyactuator

•Enginedamage

canoccurwithout
pistoncooling

FMI5

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

•Opencircuit•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Faultyharness

•Faultyactuator

•Possiblesmoke

duringstartup

67

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

ECMSPN1322,EngineMisreforMultipleCylinders–MID128PSID27

Typeof
fault:

FMI8

FMI31

FMIDescription:

•Abnormalfrequency

orpulsewidthor
period

FaultCondition:

•Cylindermisres

•Conditionexists•Cylindermisres

detectedin
multiplecylinders

detectedin
multiplecylinders

Possible
Symptoms:

•MILilluminated

•Roughidle

•MILilluminated

•Roughidle

PossibleCause:

•Enginefuelinjectors

•Enginefuelinjectors

ECMSPN1659,EngineCoolantSystemThermostat–MID128PSID109

Typeof
fault:

FMI7

FMIDescription:

•Mechanicalsystem

notrespondingor
outofadjustment

FaultCondition:

•Thermostatstuck

closed

Possible
Symptoms:

•Possiblepoor

drivability

PossibleCause:

•Coolantthermostat

FMI12

•Badintelligent

deviceor
component

•Thermostatis

leakingorstuck
open

•MILilluminated

(13Lengineonly)

•Longerengine

warmuptime

•Poorheatincab

ECMSPN1675,EngineStarterMode–MID128SID39

Typeof
fault:

FMI0

FMI7

FMI10

FMI14

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

•Mechanicalsystem

notrespondingor
outofadjustment

•Abnormalrateof

change

•Specialinstructions•PTOisengaged

FaultCondition:

•Starter

overheating

•Transmissionnot

inneutral

•Startergearis

stuck,engaged
withengine

orswitchon

Possible
Symptoms:

•Enginewillnot

start

•Enginewillnot

start

•Enginewillnot

start

•Enginewillnot

start

•Coolantthermostat

PossibleCause:

•Starterisdeactivateddueto

overheating

•Starterisdeactivateddueto

overheating

•Starterisdeactivateddueto

overheating

•Starterisdeactivateddueto

overheating

68

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

ECMSPN1677,AftertreatmentDPFAuxiliaryHeaterMode–MID128
PSID25

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault:

FMI0

FMI7

FMI16

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range—most
severelevel

•Mechanicalsystem

notrespondingor
outofadjustment

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperating
range-Moderately
severelevel

FaultCondition:

•Truckhasidled

toolongwithout
completinga
periodicheat
mode

•Truckhasidled

toolongwithout
completinga
periodicheat
mode

•Truckhasidled

toolongwithout
completinga
periodicheat
mode

Possible
Symptoms:

•Redengine

shutdownlamp
illuminated

•Enginederate

•Hightemperature

spikesinDPF
whendriving
isresumedor
duringstationary
regeneration

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Whiteexhaust

smoke

•Hightemperature

spikesinDPF
whendriving
isresumedor
duringstationary
regeneration

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Whiteexhaust

smoke

•Hightemperature

spikesinDPF
whendriving
isresumedor
duringstationary
regeneration

PossibleCause:

•Extremelycoldambienttemperatures

•PTOoperatedwithlimitedexhaust

temperatures

•Engineturbocharger

•Engineturbochargercompressor

bypassvalve

•Extremelycoldambienttemperatures

•PTOoperatedwithlimitedexhaust

temperatures

•Engineturbocharger

•Engineturbochargercompressor

bypassvalve

•Extremelycoldambienttemperatures

•PTOoperatedwithlimitedexhaust

temperatures

•Engineturbocharger

•Engineturbochargercompressor

bypassvalve

ECMSPN1761,AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)TankLevel–
PPID278

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMI5

FMIDescription:

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

FaultCondition:

•Shortcircuithigh

side

•Shortcircuit+

•Opencircuit

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause:

•N/A•DEFtankpickupassembly/sensor

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•DEFtankpickupassembly/sensor

failure

failure

69

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

FMI11

FMI14

FMI18

•Rootcausenot

known

•DEFtanklevellow

(driverwarning)

•SpecialInstructions•DEFtankalmost

empty(driver
warning)

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperating
range-Moderately
severelevel

•DEFtankalmost

empty(driver
warning)

•LowDEFuid

lampilluminated

•LowDEFuid

lampilluminated

•NoAftertreatment

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)
dosing

•LowDEFuid

lampilluminated

•NoAftertreatment

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)
dosing

•N/A

•N/A

•N/A

ECMSPN2003,TransmissionControlModule(TCM)Status–MID128
PSID205

Typeof
fault:

FMI9

FMIDescription:

•Abnormalupdate

rate

FaultCondition:

•Missingsignal

fromTransmission
ControlModule
(TCM)

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause:

•N/A•Datalinkerror

ECMSPN2017,CruiseControlStatus–MID128PID85

Typeof
fault:

FMI9

FMIDescription:

•Abnormalupdate

rate

FaultCondition:

•Missing(Cruise

Control)signal
fromVECU

Possible
Symptoms:

•CruiseControl

doesnotwork

PossibleCause:

•NoclutchinformationtoEngineControl

Module(ECM)fromSAEJ1939data
link

ECMSPN2029,InvalidorMissingDatafromVehicleECU–MID128PSID
201

Typeof
fault:

FMI8

FMIDescription:

•Abnormalfrequency

orpulsewidthor
period

FaultCondition:

•Nocontactwith

VECU

Possible
Symptoms:

•Y ellowelectronic

PossibleCause:

•Faultyharness

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•PTO,engine

compression
brakeandcruise
controldonot
work

FMI9

•Abnormalupdate

rate

•Missingsignal

fromcluster

•MILilluminated

(13Lengineonly)

•Faultyharness

70

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

ECMSPN2629,EngineTurbochargerCompressorOutletT emperature–
MID128PID404

Typeof
fault:

FMI0

FMI2

FMI4

FMI5

FMI13

FMI15

FMI17

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

•Dataerratic,

intermittentor
incorrect

•V oltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

FaultCondition:

•Estimatedengine

turbocharger
discharge
temperatureerror.

•Engine

turbocharger
outlettemperature
signalbelievedto
benotvalid(high)
(plausibilityfault)

•Shortcircuit-,

measuringline

•Shortcircuit+,

measuringline

•Opencircuit

•Outofcalibration•Sensoroutof

range

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperating
range-Leastsevere
level

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperating
range-Leastsevere
level

•Sensoroutof

range

•Sensoroutof

range

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause:

•Enginederate•Highambienttemperature

•Lowbarometricpressure

•Leakinengineturbochargerinlettube

•Enginederate

•Engineturbochargeroutlettemperature

•MILilluminated

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Faultysensor

•Faultyharness

•Faultysensor

•Faultyharness

•MILilluminated•Faultysensor

•MILilluminated•Faultysensor

•MILilluminated•Faultysensor

sensor

ECMSPN2659,EngineExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR)MassFlowRate
–MID128PPID35

Typeof
fault:

FMI0)

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range

FaultCondition:

•EGRowistoo

high

Possible
Symptoms:

•MILilluminated

•Exhaustsmoke

PossibleCause:

•FaultyEGRsystem

71

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

FMI1

FMI16

FMI18

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperational
range

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperating
range-Moderately
severelevel

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperating
range-Moderately
severelevel

•EGRowistoo

low

•EGRowistoo

high

•EGRowistoo

low

•MILilluminated•FaultyEGRsystem

•CloggedEGRcooler

•MILilluminated

•Exhaustsmoke

•FaultyEGRsystem

•Faultyharnessorconnector

•MILilluminated•FaultyEGRsystem

•CloggedEGRcooler

•Faultyharnessorconnector

ECMSPN2791,EngineExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR)ValveControl–
MID128SID146

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMIDescription:

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

FaultCondition:

•StuckEGRvalve

•EGRvalvecircuit

shorted+

Possible
Symptoms:

•MILilluminated

•Enginederate

PossibleCause:

•Faultyharnessorconnector

•FaultyEGRvalve

•EGRvalvecircuit

shortedto–

FMI5

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

•OpenEGRvalve

circuit

•MILilluminated

•Enginederate

•Faultyharnessorconnector

•FaultyEGRvalve

ECMSPN2836,BatteryPotential/SwitchedVoltage–MID128PSID49

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMI4

FMIDescription:

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•V oltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

FaultCondition:

•Batteryvoltage

toohigh

•Batteryvoltage

toolow

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause:

•N/A•Faultycaborchassisharness

•Chargingsystemfault

•Externalcharger

•Starterwillnot

crank

•Faultycaborchassisharness

•Chargingsystemfault

•Battery

•Fuse

72

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

ECMSPN3031,AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)T ank
Temperature–MID128PPID274

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault:

FMI0

FMI4

FMI5

FMI8

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

•V oltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

•Abnormalfrequency

orpulsewidthor
period

FaultCondition:

•Aftertreatment

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)tank
temperaturetoo
high

Possible
Symptoms:

•MILilluminated

PossibleCause:

•DEFtankpickupassembly/sensor

•NoAftertreatment

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)
dosing

•Datedata

messagemissing
onSAEJ1587
datalink.(Cluster
error).

•ShortCircuit-•MILilluminated•DEFtankpickupassembly/sensor

•DEFtankpickupasssembly/sensor

•ShortCircuit+

•MILilluminated•DEFtankpickupassembly/sensor

•OpenCircuit

•DEFtankpickupassembly/sensor

•Sensorrippleis

nottoohigh

•N/A•DEFtankpickupassembly/sensor

•DEFtankpickup‘assembly/sensor

failure

failure

wiringorconnectors

failure

wiringorconnectors

failure

wiringorconnectors

ECMSPN3064,AftertreatmentDPFSystemMonitor–MID128PPID326

Typeof
fault:

FMI0

FMI10

FMI11

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

•Abnormalrateof

change

•Rootcausenot

known

FaultCondition:

•Moderatelyhigh

sootload

•Sootloadinghigh

duetoheavy
loadoruse(no
problem)

•Criticallyhighsoot

load

Possible
Symptoms:

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Mediumtohigh

enginederate

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Enginederate

•Redengine

shutdownlamp
illuminated

•Highengine

derate

PossibleCause:

•DieselParticulateFilter(DPF)clogged

•AfterTreatmentFuelInjectorclogged

•Regenerationdisabledbydriveror

othercomponent

•Noerror ,conditionoccursduringheavy

loadorusewithhighsootloading

•DieselParticulateFilter(DPF)clogged

•Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoser

(injector)

•Regenerationdisabledbydriveror

othercomponent

•Enginederate

73

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

ECMSPN3216,AftertreatmentIntakeNOx–MID128PPID348

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault:

FMI2

FMI3

FMI5

FMI9

FMI11

FMI12

FMI13

FMI14

FMIDescription:

•Dataerratic,

intermittentor
incorrect

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

•Abnormalupdate

rate

•Rootcausenot

known

•Badintelligent

deviceor
component

FaultCondition:

•InletNOxsensor

error(plausibility)

•ShortCircuit,NOx

signal

•OpenCircuit,NOx

signal

•Missingsignal

fromNOxsensor

•NOxsensor

measuresnear
zeroforlongtime
withhighload

•NOx-sensorsignal

corrupt(incorrect
value)

•Outofcalibration•NOx-sensor

activation
(incorrectvalue)

•Specialinstructions•Missingsignal

fromsensordue
tobatteryvoltage

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause:

•MILilluminated•EngineoutNOxhigh

•FaultyNOxsensor

•MILilluminated•FaultywiringbetweenNOxsensorand

NOxsensorECU

•FaultyNOxsensor

•MILilluminated•FaultywiringbetweenNOxsensorand

NOxsensorECU

•FaultyNOxsensor

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•LossofcommunicationfromNOx

sensorECUandEngineControl
Module(ECM)

•MILilluminated•FaultyNOxsensor

•MILilluminated•FaultyNOxsensor

•MILilluminated•FaultyNOxsensor

•MILilluminated•VoltagetoNOxsensoristoohighor

toolow

•Faultyharnesstosensor

ECMSPN3226,AftertreatmentOutletNOx–MID128PPID270/PSID90

MID233FaultcodesentbyMID128Enginecontrolunit

Typeof
fault

FMI2)

FMI3

FMI5

74

FMIDescription:

•Dataerratic,

intermittentor
incorrect

•V oltageabove

normalorshorted
tohighsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

FaultCondition:

•InletNOxsensor

error(plausibility)

•Mismatchbetween

sensors

•ShortCircuit,NOx

signal

•OpenCircuit,NOx

signal

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause

•MILilluminated•EngineoutNOxhigh

•FaultyNOxsensor

•AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid

(DEF)quality

•MILilluminated•FaultywiringbetweenNOxsensorand

NOxsensorECU

•FaultyNOxsensor

•MILilluminated•FaultywiringbetweenNOxsensorand

NOxsensorECU

•FaultyNOxsensor

Group28

MID233FaultcodesentbyMID128Enginecontrolunit(cont’d.)

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

FMI9

FMI11

FMI12

FMI13

FMI14

FMI31

•Abnormalupdate

rate

•Rootcausenot

known

•Badintelligent

deviceor
component

•Missingsignal

fromNOxsensor

•NOxsensor

measuresnear
zeroforlongtime
withhighload

•NOx-sensorsignal

corrupt(incorrect
value)

•Outofcalibration•NOx-sensor

activation
(incorrectvalue)

•Specialinstructions•Missingsignal

fromsensordueto
batteryvoltage

•Conditionexists•InletNOxsensor

error

•Mismatchbetween

sensors

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•LossofcommunicationfromNOx

sensorECUandEngineControl
Module(ECM)

•MILilluminated•FaultyNOxsensor

•MILilluminated•FaultyNOxsensor

•MILilluminated•FaultyNOxsensor

•MILilluminated•V oltagetoNOxsensoristoohighor

toolow

•Faultyharnesstosensor

•MILilluminated•EngineoutNOxhigh

•FaultyNOxsensor

•AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid

(DEF)quality

ECMSPN3245,AftertreatmentDPFOutletT emperature–MID128PPID
436

Typeof
fault:

FMI0

FMI2

FMI4

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

•Dataerratic,

intermittentor
incorrect

•V oltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

FaultCondition:

•T emperature

criticallytoohigh

•Sensoris

notrational
(plausibility)

•Shorttogroundon

themeteringside
ofthecircuit

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause:

•Lowenginepower•RestrictedCatalyst

•Intakeairleak

•Faultysensor

•MILilluminated

•Regenerationnot

possible

•MILilluminated

•Regenerationnot

possible

•Faultysensor

•Exhaustsystemleak

•Faultyharnessconnectorsor

connections

•Faultyharness

•Faultysensor

•Aftertreatmentcontrolmodule(ACM)

75

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

FMI5

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

•Shorttobatteryon

themeteringside
ofthecircuit

•Openinthe

meteringsideof
thecircuit

•MILilluminated•Faultyharness

•Faultysensor

•Aftertreatmentcontrolmodule(ACM)

•Openinthe

groundsideof
thecircuit

FMI15

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperating
range-Leastsevere
level

•T emperature

sensorisoutof
range(high)

•Sensorindicatesa

invalidvalue

•MILilluminated•Faultyharness

•Faultysensor

ECMSPN3249,AftertreatmentDPFIntakeT emperature–MID128PPID
387

Typeof
fault:

FMI2

FMIDescription:

•Dataerratic,

intermittentor
incorrect

FaultCondition:

•Sensoris

notrational
(plausibility)

Possible
Symptoms:

•MILilluminated

•Aborted

regeneration

PossibleCause:

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharnessconnectorsor

connections

•Exhaustsystemleak

•Faultysensor

FMI4

FMI5

•V oltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

•Shorttogroundon

themeteringside
ofthecircuit

•Shorttobatteryon

themeteringside
ofthecircuit

•Openinthe

meteringsideof
thecircuit

•MILilluminated

•Aborted

regeneration

•MILilluminated

•Regenerationnot

possible

•Faultyharness

•Faultysensor

•Aftertreatmentcontrolmodule(ACM)

•Faultyharness

•Faultysensor

•Aftertreatmentcontrolmodule(ACM)

•Openinthe

groundsideof
thecircuit

FMI15

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperating
range-Leastsevere
level

•T emperature

sensorisoutof
range(high)

•Sensorindicatesa

invalidvalue

•MILilluminated•Faultyharness

•Faultysensor

76

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

ECMSPN3251,AftertreatmentDPFDifferentialPressure–MID128PID81

Typeof
fault:

FMI0

FMI2

FMI3

FMI5

FMI16

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range

•Dataerratic,

intermittentor
incorrect

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperating
range-Moderately
severelevel

FaultCondition:

•Criticallyhigh

pressure

•Sensorisnot

rational

•Shorttobatteryon

themeteringside

•Openinthe

groundline

•Openin5volt

supplyline

•Shorttogroundin

meteringline

•Openinmetering

line

•Moderatelyhigh

pressure

Possible
Symptoms:

•Enginederate

•Redengine

shutdownlamp
illuminated

PossibleCause:

•Aftertreatmentdieselparticulatelter

(DPF)differentialpressuresensor
failure

•MILilluminated•Aftertreatmentdieselparticulatelter

(DPF)differentialpressuresensor
failure

•MILilluminated•Aftertreatmentdieselparticulatelter

(DPF)differentialpressuresensor
failure

•Faultyaftertreatmentdieselparticulate

lter(DPF)differentialpressuresensor
connector

•Faultyharness

•MILilluminated•Aftertreatmentdieselparticulatelter

(DPF)differentialpressuresensor
failure

•Faultyharness

•Enginederate•Aftertreatmentdieselparticulatelter

(DPF)differentialpressuresensor
failure

ECMSPN3363,AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)T ankHeater
–MID128PSID75

Typeof
fault:

FMI2

FMIDescription:

•Dataerratic,

intermittentor
incorrect

FaultCondition:

•Commanded

valvepositionis
notplausible

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause:

•N/A•Faultyharnessorconnectors

•AftertreatmentDEFtanktemperature

sensor

•AftertreatmentDEFtankheatingvalve

FMI3

FMI4

FMI5

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•V oltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

•Circuitshorted+•N/A•AftertreatmentDEFpumpassembly

•Circuitshorted–

•N/A•AftertreatmentDEFpumpassembly

•Opencircuit

•Opencircuit•N/A•AftertreatmentDEFpumpassembly

77

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

ECMSPN3471,AftertreatmentFuelPressureControlActuator–MID128
PPID328

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMI4

FMI5

FMI7

FMI14

FMIDescription:

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•V oltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

•Mechanicalsystem

notrespondingor
outofadjustment

•Specialinstructions•Aftertreatment

FaultCondition:

•Circuitshortedto

battery

•Circuitshortedto

ground

•Opencircuit•MILilluminated

•Aftertreatment

hydrocarbon
doserfuel
pressuretoolow

hydrocarbon
doserfuel
pressuretoohigh

Possible
Symptoms:

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Aborted

regeneration

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Aborted

regeneration

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Aborted

regeneration

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Regenerationnot

possible

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Regenerationnot

possible

PossibleCause:

•Faultyharness

•Actuatorfailure

•Faultyharness

•Actuatorfailure

•Faultyharness

•Actuatorfailure

•Fuelshutoffvalvestuckopen

•Faultyfuelpressuresensor

•Fuelshutoffvalveleakage

78

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

ECMSPN3480,AftertreatmentDieselParticulateFilter(DPF)FuelPressure
–MID128PPID437/PSID108

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault:

FMI2

FMI3

FMI5

FMI7

FMI10

FMI15

FMIDescription:

•Dataerratic,

intermittentor
incorrect

•V oltageabove

normalorshortedto
highsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

•Mechanicalsystem

notrespondingor
outofadjustment

•Abnormalrateof

change

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperating
range-Leastsevere
level

FaultCondition:

•DPFfuel

pressuresensor
isnotrational
(plausibility)

•Aftertreatment

hydrocarbon
hydrocarbondoser
fuelpressuretoo
low

•Shorttobatteryon

themeteringside

•Openinthe

groundline

•Opencircuitinthe

5voltsupply

•Shortcircuitto

groundinthe
meteringline

•Opencircuitinthe

meteringline

•Mechanical

problem

•Aftertreatment

hydrocarbondoser
fuelpressure
sensorstuck

•Aftertreatment

hydrocarbondoser
fuelpressuretoo
high

•Fuelpressure

sensorisoutof
range

•Sensorindicatesa

invalidvalue

Possible
Symptoms:

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Regenerationnot

possible

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

PossibleCause:

•Faultyaftertreatmentfuelshutoffvalve

•FaultyDPFfuelpressuresensor

•Airinfuel

•Fuellter

•Aftertreatmentfuelpump

•Faultyharness

•FaultyDPFfuelpressuresensor

•Regenerationnot

possible

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Faultyharness

•FaultyDPFfuelpressuresensor

•Regenerationnot

possible

•MILilluminated

•Enginederate

•Possibleengine

shutdown

•Regenerationnot

possible

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Faultyaftertreatmenthydrocarbon

dosersystem

•Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoser

•Faultyaftertreatmentfuelshutoffvalve

•Aftertreatmentfuelpump

•Faultyfuelpressuresensor

•Faultyshutoffvalve

•Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoser

(injector)

•Regenerationnot

possible

•MILilluminated•Faultyfuelpressuresensor

79

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

ECMSPN3483,AftertreatmentRegenerationStatus–MID128PSID47

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault:

FMI0

FMI1

FMI10

FMI12

FMI13

FMI15

FMI17

FMI31

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperational
range

•Abnormalrateof

change

•Badintelligent

deviceor
component

•OutofCalibration•Regeneration

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperating
range-Leastsevere
level

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperating
range-Leastsevere
level

•Conditionexists•Regeneration

FaultCondition:

•Unableto

achieveneeded
aftertreatment
temperature

•Aftertreatment

temperaturetoo
high

•Regeneration

periodtoolong

•Regeneration

efciencytoolow

periodtoolong

•Unableto

achieveneeded
temperature

•Aftertreatment

temperaturetoo
high

periodtoolong

Possible
Symptoms:

•MILilluminated

•Possible

incomplete
regeneration

•MILilluminated

•Possible

incomplete
regeneration

PossibleCause:

•Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoser

clogged

•Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoserfuel

pressuretoolow

•Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoser

clogged

•Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoserfuel

pressuretoohigh

•Injectorleakage(engine)

•MILilluminated

•Regeneration

frequencytoo
high

•Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoser

•Airleakage

•Faultyinjector(s)(engine)

•N/A•Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoser

clogged

•DieselParticulateFilter(DPF)catalyst

damaged

•DieselParticulateFilter(DPF)catalyst

clogged

•MILilluminated

•Regeneration

frequencytoo
high

•MILilluminated

•Possible

incomplete
regeneration

•MILilluminated

•Possible

incomplete
regeneration

•Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoser

•Airleakage

•Fuellineclogged

•Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoser

clogged

•Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoserfuel

pressuretoolow

•Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoser

clogged

•Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoserfuel

pressuretoohigh

•Injectorleakage(engine)

•MILilluminated

•Regeneration

frequencytoo
high

•Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoser

•Airleakage

•Fuellineclogged

80

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

ECMSPN3509,SensorSupplyVoltage1–MID128SID232

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMI4

FMIDescription:

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•V oltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

FaultCondition:

•Sensorsupply

voltageoutof
range(high)

•Sensorsupply

voltageoutof
range(low)

Possible
Symptoms:

•MILilluminated

•Incorrectsensor

values

•MILilluminated

•Incorrectsensor

values

PossibleCause:

•Faultyharnessorconnector

•Faultyharnessorconnector

ECMSPN3510,SensorSupplyVoltage2–MID128SID211

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMI4

FMIDescription:

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•V oltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

FaultCondition:

•Circuitshorted+•MILilluminated

•Circuitshorted–•MILilluminated

Possible
Symptoms:

•Incorrectsensor

values

•Incorrectsensor

values

PossibleCause:

•Faultyharnessorconnector

•Faultyharnessorconnector

ECMSPN3511,SensorSupplyVoltage3–MID128PSID113

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMI4

FMIDescription:

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•V oltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

FaultCondition:

•Circuitshorted+•MILilluminated•Faultyharness

•Circuitshorted–•MILilluminated•Faultyharness

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause:

ECMSPN3512,SensorSupplyVoltage4–MID128PSID126

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMI4

FMIDescription:

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•V oltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

FaultCondition:

•Sensorsupply

circuitshorted+

•Sensorsupply

circuitshorted–

Possible
Symptoms:

•MILilluminated

•Incorrectsensor

values

•MILilluminated

•Incorrectsensor

values

PossibleCause:

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharness

81

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

ECMSPN3522,AftertreatmentTotalFuelUsed–MID128PSID91

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault:

FMI0

FMI1

FMI16

FMI18

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperational
range

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperating
range-Moderately
severelevel

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperating
range-Moderately
severelevel

FaultCondition:

•Aftertreatment

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)level
changetoomuch

•Aftertreatment

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)level
changetoolittle

•Aftertreatment

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)level
changetoomuch

•Aftertreatment

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)level
changetoolittle

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause:

•N/A•DEFsystemleak

•WrongDEFtank

•AftertreatmentDEFDosingModule

failureorwrongmodule

•N/A•DEFtanklevelsensorstuck

•DEFsystemclog

•WrongDEFtank

•AftertreatmentDEFDosingModule

failureorwrongmodule

•N/A•DEFsystemleak

•WrongDEFtank

•AftertreatmentDEFDosingModule

failureorwrongmodule

•N/A•DEFtanklevelsensorstuck

•DEFsystemclog

•WrongDEFtank

•AftertreatmentDEFDosingModule

failureorwrongmodule

82

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

ECMSPN3556,AftertreatmentHydrocarbonDoser–MID128PPID329

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMI4

FMI5

FMI13

FMI14

FMIDescription:

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•V oltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

•Outofcalibration•Aftertreatment

•Specialinstructions•Aftertreatment

FaultCondition:

•Circuitshortedto

battery

•Circuitshortedto

ground

•Opencircuit•MILilluminated

hydrocarbon
doserclogged

hydrocarbon
doserleaking

Possible
Symptoms:

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

PossibleCause:

•Faultyharness

•Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoser

failure

•Regenerationnot

possible

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Faultyharness

•Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoser

failure

•Regenerationnot

possible

•Faultyharness

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoser

failure

•Regenerationnot

possible

•MILilluminated•Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoser

failure

•Fuelshutoffvalve

•Fuelsupplyfailure

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Aftertreatmenthydrocarbondoser

failure

•Regenerationnot

possible

83

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

ECMSPN3597,AftertreatmentDieselParticulateFilter(DPF)Regeneration
tooFrequent–MID128PSID119

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMI4

FMI5

FMIDescription:

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•V oltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

FaultCondition:

Possible
Symptoms:

•Circuitshorted+•MILilluminated•Faultyharness

•Circuitshorted–•MILilluminated•Faultyharness

•Opencircuit•MILilluminated•Faultyharness

PossibleCause:

•Faultyconnector

•AftertreatmentDEFlineheater1or3

failure

•AftertreatmentDEFpumpassembly

failure

•AftertreatmentDEFtankheatingvalve

failure

•AftertreatmentControlModule(ACM)

•Faultyconnector

•AftertreatmentDEFlineheater1or3

failure

•AftertreatmentDEFpumpassembly

failure

•AftertreatmentDEFtankheatingvalve

failure

•AftertreatmentControlModule(ACM)

•Faultyconnector

•AftertreatmentDEFlineheater1or3

failure

•AftertreatmentDEFpumpassembly

failure

•AftertreatmentDEFtankheatingvalve

failure

•AftertreatmentControlModule(ACM)

84

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

ECMSPN3675,EngineTurbochargerCompressorBypassValvePosition
–MID128PPID330

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMI4

FMI5

FMI7

FMIDescription:

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•V oltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

•Mechanicalsystem

notrespondingor
outofadjustment

FaultCondition:

•Circuitshorted+

•On/offvalvecan’t

beactivated

•Shortcircuit-

•V alveconstantly

activated

•Opencircuit

•On/offvalvecan’t

beactivated

•Mechanically

Stuck

•On/offvalvecan’t

beactivated

Possible
Symptoms:

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Regenerationnot

possible

•Highengine

brakingwithout
request

•Driveability

affected

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Majorengine

derate

•Exhaustmanifold

overheating

•Engineshutdown

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Regenerationnot

possible

•Highengine

brakingwithout
request

•Driveability

affected

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Regenerationnot

possible

•Highengine

brakingwithout
request

•Driveability

affected

•V alveconstantly

activated

PossibleCause:

•Faultybypassvalvesolenoid

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharnessconnector

•Faultybypassvalvesolenoid

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharnessconnector

•Faultybypassvalvesolenoid

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharnessconnector

•Leakingpipes

•Faultybypassvalvesolenoid

85

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

•Majorengine

derate

•Exhaustmanifold

overheating

•Engineshutdown

ECMSPN3720,AftertreatmentDPFAshLoadPercent–MID128PPID337

Typeof
fault:

FMI0

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

FaultCondition:

•Ashleveltoohigh•Yellowelectronic

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause:

•Needservice,ashlevelistoohigh

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

ECMSPN3936,AftertreatmentDPFSystem–MID128PSID28

Typeof
fault:

FMI0

FMI1

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

FaultCondition:

•Aftertreatment

DPFdifferential
pressuresensor
valuetoohigh

•Aftertreatment

DPFdifferential
pressuresensor
valuetoolow

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause:

•MILilluminated•AftertreatmentDPFdifferential

pressuresensor

•Aftertreatmentparticulatelter

•MILilluminated•AftertreatmentDPFdifferential

pressuresensor

•Aftertreatmentparticulatelter

ECMSPN4094,NOxLimitsExceededDuetoInsufcientDieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)Quality–MID128PSID90

86

Typeof
fault:

FMI1

FMI14

FMI18

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

•SpecialInstructions•Aftertreatment

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperating
range-Moderately
severelevel

FaultCondition:

•Aftertreatment

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)dosing
toolow

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)dosing
toolow

•Aftertreatment

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)dosing
toolow

Possible
Symptoms:

•Y ellowelectronic

•Enginederate

•Y ellowelectronic

•Enginederate

•Y ellowelectronic

•Enginederate

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

PossibleCause:

•DEFquality

•AftertreatmentDEFlineclogged

•AftertreatmentDEFdoser

•Aftertreatmentcontrolmodulefailure

•DEFquality

•AftertreatmentDEFlineclogged

•AftertreatmentDEFdoser

•Aftertreatmentcontrolmodulefailure

•DEFquality

•AftertreatmentDEFlineclogged

•AftertreatmentDEFdoser

•Aftertreatmentcontrolmodulefailure

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

ECMSPN4095,NOxLimitsExceededDuetoInterruptedDieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)Dosing–MID128PSID90

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault:

FMI7

FMIDescription:

•Mechanicalsystem

notrespondingor
outofadjustment

FaultCondition:

•Dosingfailure•MILilluminated

Possible
Symptoms:

•Aftertreatment

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)low
usage

PossibleCause:

•DEFlevel

•FaultyDEFpump

•LeakinDEFhose

ECMSPN4334,AfterteatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)DosingAbsolute
Pressure–MID128PPID273

Typeof
fault:

FMI1

FMI4

FMI5

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

•V oltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

FaultCondition:

•DEFsystem

leakagedetected

•ShortCircuit-•MILilluminated

•ShortCircuit+

•OpenCircuit

Possible
Symptoms:

•MILilluminated

•NoAftertreatment

•NoAftertreatment

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)
dosing

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)
dosing

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

PossibleCause:

•DEFpump

•DEFhose

•AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid

(DEF)doser(injector)

•DEFpumpassembly

•DEFpumpassembly

•NoAftertreatment

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)
dosing

ECMSPN4339,AftertreatmentSCRFeedbackControlStatus–MID128
PSID90

Typeof
fault:

FMI0

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

FaultCondition:

•Adaptationtoo

high

Possible
Symptoms:

•N/A•NOxsensor

PossibleCause:

•AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid

(DEF)dosingsystemfailure

87

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

FMI1

FMI10

FMI12

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

•Abnormalrateof

change

•Badintelligent

deviceor
component

•Adaptationtoolow•N/A•NOxsensor

•Adaptationtoo

high

•N/A•NOxsensor

•Adaptationtoolow•N/A•NOxsensor

•AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid

(DEF)dosingsystemfailure

•DEFquality

•AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid

(DEF)dosingsystemfailure

•AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid

(DEF)dosingsystemfailure

•DEFquality

ECMSPN4354,AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)LineHeater1
–MID128PSID103

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMI4

FMI5

FMIDescription:

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•V oltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

FaultCondition:

•Circuitshorted+•N/A•Faultyharness

•Circuitshorted–•N/A•Faultyharness

•Opencircuit•N/A•Faultyharness

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause:

•Faultyconnector

•AftertreatmentDEFlineheater1

failure

•Faultyconnector

•AftertreatmentDEFlineheater1

failure

•Faultyconnector

•AftertreatmentDEFlineheater1

failure

ECMSPN4356,AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)LineHeater3
–MID128PSID102

88

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMIDescription:

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

FaultCondition:

•Circuitshorted+•N/A•Faultyharness

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause:

•Faultyconnector

•AftertreatmentDEFlineheater3

failure

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

FMI4

FMI5

•V oltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

•Circuitshorted–•N/A•Faultyharness

•Faultyconnector

•AftertreatmentDEFlineheater3

failure

•Opencircuit•N/A•Faultyharness

•Faultyconnector

•AftertreatmentDEFlineheater3

failure

ECMSPN4374,AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)PumpMotor
Speed–MID128PSID87

Typeof
fault:

FMI1

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

FaultCondition:

•Slowpumpspeed•MILilluminated

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause:

•Faultyharness

•NoAftertreatment

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)
dosing

•Faultyconnector

•AftertreatmentDEFpumpassembly

failure

ECMSPN4375,AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluidPump(DEF)Drive
Percentage–MID128PSID121

Typeof
fault:

FMI0

FMI1

FMI3

FMI4

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•V oltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

FaultCondition:

•Circuitshorted+•MILilluminated

•Circuitshorted–

•Opencircuit

•Circuitshorted+•MILilluminated

•Circuitshorted–•MILilluminated

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause:

•Faultyharness

•NoAftertreatment

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)
dosing

•MILilluminated

•NoAftertreatment

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)
dosing

•Faultyconnector

•AftertreatmentDEFpumpassembly

failure

•Faultyharness

•Faultyconnector

•AftertreatmentDEFpumpassembly

failure

•Faultyharness

•NoAftertreatment

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)
dosing

•Faultyconnector

•AftertreatmentDEFpumpassembly

failure

•Faultyharness

•NoAftertreatment

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)
dosing

•Faultyconnector

•AftertreatmentDEFpumpassembly

failure

89

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

FMI5

FMI12

FMI14

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

•Badintelligent

deviceor
component

•Opencircuit•MILilluminated

•Opencircuit•MILilluminated

•Specialinstructions•Voltagetopump

outofrange

•Faultyharness

•NoAftertreatment

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)
dosing

•Faultyconnector

•AftertreatmentDEFpumpassembly

failure

•Faultyharness

•NoAftertreatment

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)
dosing

•MILilluminated

•NoAftertreatment

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)
dosing

•Faultyconnector

•AftertreatmentDEFpumpassembly

failure

•Faultyharness

•Faultyconnector

•AftertreatmentDEFpumpassembly

failure

ECMSPN4376,AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)ReturnValve
–MID128PSID105

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMI4

FMI5

FMI7

FMIDescription:

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•V oltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

•Mechanicalsystem

notrespondingor
outofadjustment

FaultCondition:

•Circuitshorted+•MILilluminated

•Circuitshorted–

•Opencircuit

•Opencircuit•MILilluminated

•Possible

mechanical
problemwith
aftertreatment
dieselexhaust
uid(DEF)return
valve

Possible
Symptoms:

•Notpossibleto

performafterrun

•MILilluminated

•Notpossibleto

performafterrun

•Notpossibleto

performafterrun

•MILilluminated

•Notpossibleto

performafterrun

PossibleCause:

•Faultyharness

•Faultyconnector

•AftertreatmentDEFpumpassembly

failure

•Faultyharness

•Faultyconnector

•AftertreatmentDEFpumpassembly

failure

•Faultyharness

•Faultyconnector

•AftertreatmentDEFpumpassembly

failure

•Mechanicalfault–DEFreturnline

restrictedbetweenDEFpumpand
DEFtank

•AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid

(DEF)pumpassembly

90

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

ECMSPN4752,EngineExhaustGasRecirculation(EGR)CoolerEfciency
–MID128SID282

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault:

FMI7

FMIDescription:

•Mechanicalsystem

notrespondingor
outofadjustment

FaultCondition:

•LowEGRcooler

efciency

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause:

•MILilluminated•EGRcoolercloggedordamaged

ECMSPN4811,EnginePistonCoolingOilPressure–MID128PPID8

Typeof
fault:

FMI1

FMI3

FMI5

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

•V oltageabove

normalorshortedto
highsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

FaultCondition:

•Pressurebelow

range

•Shorttobatteryin

meteringline

•Openinthe

meteringside
sensorcircuit

Possible
Symptoms:

•Redengine

•Y ellowelectronic

•Y ellowelectronic

shutdownlamp
illuminated

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

PossibleCause:

•N/A

•Faultyharness

•Faultysensor

•Faultyharness

•Opencircuitinthe

groundlinesensor
circuit

ECMSPN4813,EngineOilThermostatBypassValveOpening–MID128
PSID72

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMIDescription:

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

FaultCondition:

•Circuitshorted+•Yellowelectronic

Possible
Symptoms:

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

PossibleCause:

•Faultyactuator

•Faultyharness

•Oilthermostatis

alwaysopen

91

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

FMI4

•V oltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

•Circuitshorted–•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Faultyactuator

•Faultyharness

•Oilthermostatis

alwaysclosed

•Enginemay

overheat

FMI5

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

•Opencircuit•Yellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•Faultyactuator

•Faultyharness

•Oilthermostatis

alwaysopen

•Mayhave

increasedfuel
consumption

ECMSPN4815,EngineCoolingFanThermalSwitchPosition–MID128
PPID333

Typeof
fault:

FMI3

FMI4

FMI5

FMIDescription:

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•V oltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

FaultCondition:

•Circuitshortedto

battery

•Shortcircuit-•Y ellowelectronic

•Opencircuit•Y ellowelectronic

Possible
Symptoms:

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

PossibleCause:

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharnessconnector

•Faultysensor

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharnessconnector

•Faultysensor

•Faultyharness

•Faultyharnessconnector

•Faultysensor

ECMSPN5246,AftertreatmentSCROperatorInducementSeverity–MID
128PSID46

92

Typeof
fault:

FMI0

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

FaultCondition:

•SevereSCR

systemfault
detected–
Warningfault

Possible
Symptoms:

•Severeengine

PossibleCause:

•N/A

derate

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

FMI15

FMI16

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperating
range-Leastsevere
level

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperating
range-Moderately
severelevel

•ModerateSCR

systemfault
detected–
Warningfault

•SCRsystem

faultdetected–
Warningfault

•Moderateengine

derate

•Enginederate•N/A

•N/A

ECMSPN5285,ChargeAirCooler(CAC)Temperature–MID128PID52

Typeof
fault:

FMI7

FMI18

FMIDescription:

•Mechanicalsystem

notresponding
properly

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperating
range

FaultCondition:

•Boosttemperature

toohigh

•Boosttemperature

toohigh

Possible
Symptoms:

•MILilluminated

(13Lengineonly)

•MILilluminated

(13Lengineonly)

PossibleCause:

•Airowthroughchargeaircooler

(CAC)toolow

•Chargeaircooler(CAC)

•Airowthroughchargeaircooler

(CAC)toolow

•Chargeaircooler(CAC)

ECMSPN5298,AftertreatmentDieselOxidationCatalyst(DOC)Conversion
Efciency–MID128PSID99

Typeof
fault:

FMI7

FMI18

FMIDescription:

•Mechanicalsystem

notresponding
properly

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperating
range-Moderately
severelevel

FaultCondition:

•Hydrocarbon

conversionistoo
lowintheDiesel
OxidationCatalyst
(DOC)

•Hydrocarbon

conversionistoo
lowintheDiesel
OxidationCatalyst
(DOC)

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause:

•MILilluminated•Catalystfailure

•DOCtemperaturesensor

•MILilluminated•Catalystfailure

•DOCtemperaturesensor

93

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

ECMSPN5392,AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)DosingValve
LossofPrime–MID128PSID121

Codes(DTCs)

Typeof
fault:

FMI7

FMI31

FMIDescription:

•Mechanicalsystem

notresponding
properly

•Conditionexists•Aftertreatment

FaultCondition:

•Aftertreatment

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)
pressurebuild
upfailure

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)
pressurebuild
upfailure

Possible
Symptoms:

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

•NoAftertreatment

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

•NoAftertreatment

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)
dosing

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)
dosing

PossibleCause:

•EmptyDEFtank

•DEFlterclogged

•DEFinletpipeleakorblockage

•DEFpumpassembly

•EmptyDEFtank

•DEFlterclogged

•DEFinletpipeleakorblockage

•DEFpumpassembly

ECMSPN5394,AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)DosingValve
–MID128PSID89

Typeof
fault:

FMI0

FMI1

FMI3

FMI4

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutabove

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperational
range-Mostsevere
level

•V oltageabove

normal,orshorted
tohighsource

•V oltagebelow

normal,orshorted
tolowsource

FaultCondition:

•Lowsidecircuit

shortedto+

•Shorttoground

•Lowsidecircuit

open

Possible
Symptoms:

PossibleCause:

•MILilluminated•AftertreatmentDEFdosingpump

assembly

•MILilluminated•AftertreatmentDEFdosingpump

assembly

•Circuitshorted+•MILilluminated•AftertreatmentDEFdosingpump

assembly

•Circuitshorted–•MILilluminated•AftertreatmentDEFdosingpump

assembly

94

Group28

EngineControlModule(ECM)DiagnosticTrouble

Codes(DTCs)

FMI5

FMI14

•Currentbelow

normaloropen
circuit

•Specialinstructions•Aftertreatment

•Opencircuit•MILilluminated

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)Doser
cloggedorhose
clogged

•Y ellowelectronic

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

•AftertreatmentDEFdoser

•AftertreatmentDEFdosingpump

assembly

•AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid

(DEF)doserclogged

•Hoseclogged

ECMSPN5394,AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)DosingValve
–MID128PSID90

Typeof
fault:

FMI1

FMI17

FMIDescription:

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperational
range

•Datavalidbutbelow

normaloperating
range-Leastsevere
level

FaultCondition:

•Dosingfailure

•Aftertreatment

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)dosing
amounttoolowor
DEFquality

•Dosingfailure

•Aftertreatment

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)dosing
amounttoolowor
DEFquality

Possible
Symptoms:

•MILilluminated

•NOxemissions

toohigh

PossibleCause:

•NOxsensor

•SCRcatalystmalfunction

•EGRmassowfailure

•SCRinlettemperaturesensor

•MILilluminated

•NOxemissions

toohigh

•NOxsensor

•SCRcatalystmalfunction

•EGRmassowfailure

•SCRinlettemperaturesensor

ECMSPN5485,AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid(DEF)PumpOrice
–MID128PSID121

Typeof
fault:

FMI11

FMIDescription:

•Rootcausenot

known

FaultCondition:

•Aftertreatment

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)bleed
oriceclogged

Possible
Symptoms:

•MILilluminated

•Y ellowelectronic

malfunctionlamp
illuminated

PossibleCause:

•Bleedorice

•AftertreatmentDieselExhaustFluid

(DEF)pressuresensor

•NoAftertreatment

DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)
dosing

95

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