SFL
= 58
cod. 3540Z903RU — 08/2012 (Rev. 00)
RU - ɊɍɄɈȼɈȾɋɌȼɈɉɈɗɄɋɉɅɍȺɌȺɐɂɂ, ɆɈɇɌȺɀɍɂɌȿɏɈȻɋɅɍɀɂȼȺɇɂɘ
SFL
RU
1. ɍɄȺɁȺɇɂʇ ɈȻɓȿȽɈ ɏȺɊȺɄɌȿɊȺ
•ȼɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɨɱɢɬɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɟɫɹ ɜ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɦ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɟ, ɢ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɚɣɬɟ ɢɯ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɚ.
•ɉɨɫɥɟɦɨɧɬɚɠɚɤɨɬɥɚɩɪɨɢɧɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɣɬɟɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɹɨɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɚɯɟɝɨɪɚɛɨɬɵɢɩɟɪɟɞɚɣɬɟ ɟɦɭ ɜ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɨɬɴɟɦɥɟɦɨɣ ɢ ɜɚɠɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɶɸ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɚ; ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɟɪɟɠɧɨ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɬɶ ɟɝɨ ɞɥɹ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɛɭɞɭɳɟɦ.
•ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɢ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɨɦ ɩɪɢ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɢ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɧɨɪɦ ɢ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹɦɢ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɹ. Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶ ɥɸɛɵɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɚ ɨɩɥɨɦɛɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɯ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ.
•ɇɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɚɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɟ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɨɣ ɜɪɟɞɚ ɞɥɹ ɥɸɞɟɣ, ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ ɢ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɚ. ɂɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɶ ɧɟ ɧɟɫɟɬ ɧɢɤɚɤɨɣ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚ ɭɳɟɪɛ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɣ ɫ ɨɲɢɛɨɱɧɵɦɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɨɣ ɢ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɟɣ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɚ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫ ɧɟɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɢɦ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ.
•ɉɪɟɠɞɟ ɱɟɦ ɩɪɢɫɬɭɩɢɬɶ ɤ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɸ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɨɱɢɫɬɤɢ ɢɥɢ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ, ɨɬɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬ ɨɬ ɫɟɬɟɣɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɢ/ɢɥɢ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɯ ɞɥɹ ɷɬɨɣ ɰɟɥɢ ɨɬɫɟɱɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ.
•ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɣ ɢ/ɢɥɢ ɧɟɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɚ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɢ ɜɨɡɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɣɬɟɫɶ ɨɬ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɩɨɩɵɬɤɢ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɬɪɟɦɨɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɢɥɢ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɢɬɶ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɭ ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɢ. ȼ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɨɛɪɚɳɚɣɬɟɫɶ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɭ. ȼɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɟ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɭ-ɡɚɦɟɧɟ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɭɸɳɢɯ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɚɦɢ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɪɢɝɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɡɚɩɱɚɫɬɟɣ. ɇɟɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɜɵɲɟɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɧɚɪɭɲɢɬɶ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɚ.
•ɇɚɫɬɨɹɳɢɣ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɨ ɬɨɦɭ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɸ, ɞɥɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɨɧ ɫɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧ ɢ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧ. Ʌɸɛɨɟ ɞɪɭɝɨɟ ɟɝɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɧɟɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɢɦ ɢ, ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ, ɨɩɚɫɧɵɦ.
•ɍɩɚɤɨɜɨɱɧɵɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɦ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɜ ɦɟɫɬɚɯ, ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɵɯ ɞɟɬɹɦ.
•ɇɟ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɚ ɥɢɰɚɦɢ (ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ, ɞɟɬɶɦɢ) ɫ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ, ɫɟɧɫɨɪɧɵɦɢ ɢɥɢ ɭɦɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɢɥɢ ɥɢɰɚɦɢ ɛɟɡ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɝɨ ɨɩɵɬɚ ɢ ɡɧɚɧɢɣ, ɟɫɥɢ ɨɧɢ ɧɟ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɩɨɞ ɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɵɦ ɧɚɞɡɨɪɨɦ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɨɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ ɧɚɫɱɟɬ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɚ.
•ɍɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɚ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦ.
•ɉɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɦ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɟ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɞɚɸɬ ɭɩɪɨɳɟɧɧɨɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ. ɉɨɞɨɛɧɵɟ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɧɟɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɬɶɫɹ ɨɬ ɝɨɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ.
2. ɂɇɋɌɊɍɄɐɂʇ ɉɈ ɗɄɋɉɅɍȺɌȺɐɂɂ
2.1 ɉɪɟɞɢɫɥɨɜɢɟ
SFL - ɷɬɨ ɧɨɜɵɣ ɱɭɝɭɧɧɵɣ ɤɨɬɟɥ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɨɝɪɟɜɚ, ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɢɣ ɧɚ ɬɜɟɪɞɨɦ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɟ (ɭɝɥɟ ɢɥɢ ɞɪɨɜɚɯ) ɢɥɢ ɧɚ ɛɪɢɤɟɬɚɯ (ɩɪɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɫɧɚɫɬɤɢ). Ʉɨɪɩɭɫ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɜ ɫɟɛɹ ɪɹɞ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɢɩɩɟɥɹɦɢ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɨɫɨɛɵɦ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ ɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɪɟɛɟɪ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɦɢ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɝɨ ɬɟɪɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɩɞ ɢ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɢ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ. Ʉɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɫɠɢɝɚɬɶ ɩɨɥɟɧɶɹ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɚ; ɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɛɨɥɶɲɭɸ ɜɟɪɯɧɸɸ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ. Ʉɚɦɟɪɚ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɨɦɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɨɞɨɣ, ɱɬɨ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɪɭɟɬ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɪɨɤ ɫɥɭɠɛɵ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɢ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣ ɤɩɞ.
2.2 ɉɚɧɟɥɶ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
•ɉɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶ ɩɭɫɤ ɢ ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɭ ɤɨɬɥɚ, ɟɟ ɨɱɢɫɬɤɭ ɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ.
•ɇɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɛɟɡ ɩɪɢɫɦɨɬɪɚ ɜɨɡɥɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɤɨɬɥɚ.
•Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɝɨɪɸɱɢɟ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɫɬɨɩɤɢ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ ɟɝɨ ɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ.
•Ɉɱɢɫɬɤɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɧɟɝɨɪɸɱɢɦɢ ɦɨɸɳɢɦɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦɢ.
•ɇɟ ɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɣɬɟ ɜɨɫɩɥɚɦɟɧɹɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɧɚ ɤɨɬɥɟ ɢɥɢ ɜɛɥɢɡɢ ɟɝɨ.
•ɇɟ ɯɪɚɧɢɬɟ ɝɨɪɸɱɢɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ ɤɨɬɟɥ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ. ɞɪɟɜɟɫɢɧɚ, ɛɭɦɚɝɚ, ɤɟɪɨɫɢɧ, ɦɚɡɭɬ ɢ ɬ.ɩ.).
Ⱦɪɟɜɟɫɧɵɣ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɟɫɶɦɚ ɝɟɬɟɪɨɝɟɧɧɵɦ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨɦ ɫ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɦɢ (ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɫɬɢ, ɮɨɪɦɚ, ɪɚɡɦɟɪɵ ɢ ɬ.ɞ.). Ʉɩɞ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧ ɜɢɞɨɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɞɪɟɜɟɫɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ, ɟɝɨ ɜɥɚɝɨɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟɦ, ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɦ ɩɨɥɟɧ ɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɦ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ. Ɉɬɥɢɱɧɵɦ ɞɪɟɜɟɫɧɵɦ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨɦ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɞɭɛ, ɹɫɟɧɶ, ɛɭɤ, ɤɥɟɧ ɢ ɜɫɟ ɮɪɭɤɬɨɜɵɟ ɞɟɪɟɜɶɹ, ɡɚ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɜɢɲɧɢ; ɯɨɪɨɲɢɦ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨɦ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɬ ɤɚɲɬɚɧ ɢ ɛɟɪɟɡɚ, ɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨɦ - ɥɢɩɚ, ɬɨɩɨɥɶɢ ɢɜɚ. ɏɜɨɣɧɵɟɩɨɪɨɞɵ, ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ, ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɟɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɞɪɟɜɟɫɧɵɦ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨɦ. Ɍɟɩɥɨɬɜɨɪɧɚɹ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɪɟɜɟɫɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɸ ɟɝɨ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɫɬɢ. ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɬ ɤ ɩɨɧɢɠɟɧɢɸ ɤɩɞ ɤɨɬɥɚ. ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɢɡɪɭɛɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɜ ɩɨɥɟɧɶɹ ɞɪɟɜɟɫɧɵɣ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ, ɜɵɫɭɲɟɧɧɵɣ ɧɚ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɟ ɢ ɧɟ ɩɨɞɜɟɪɠɟɧɧɵɣ ɤɚɤɢɦ-ɥɢɛɨ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɚɦ (ɫɨ ɫɪɨɤɨɦ ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ 2 ɝɨɞɚ ɢ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɧɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ 20%).
Ɋɨɡɠɢɝ ɤɨɬɥɚ (ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɧɚ ɞɪɟɜɟɫɧɨɦ ɢɥɢ ɭɝɨɥɶɧɨɦ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɟ)
•Ɉɬɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɧɢɠɧɸɸ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ ɢ ɭɞɚɥɢɬɟ ɡɨɥɭ ɢɡ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɹ, ɟɫɥɢ ɷɬɨ
ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ. Ɂɚɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɧɢɠɧɸɸ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ. |
6 ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ, |
• ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɪɭɱɤɭ ɬɟɪɦɨɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɚ |
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ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɟ ɠɟɥɚɟɦɨɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ. |
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•Ɉɬɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɜɟɪɯɧɸɸ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ. Ʉɥɚɞɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɝɨɪɟɥɨɱɧɭɸ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɭ ɧɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɛɭɦɚɝɢ ɢ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɤɭɫɤɨɜ ɫɭɯɨɣ ɞɪɟɜɟɫɢɧɵ.
•Ɋɚɡɨɠɝɢɬɟ ɨɝɨɧɶ, ɡɚɬɟɦ ɞɨɛɚɜɶɬɟ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɤɭɫɤɨɜ ɞɪɟɜɟɫɢɧɵ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɝɨ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɚ.
•Ɂɚɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ ɢ ɩɨɞɨɠɞɢɬɟ ɞɨ ɬɟɯ ɩɨɪ, ɩɨɤɚ ɧɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɫɥɨɣ ɭɝɥɟɣ.
•Ɇɟɞɥɟɧɧɨ ɨɬɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɜɟɪɯɧɸɸ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ.
•ɋ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɨɱɟɪɝɢ ɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɭɝɥɢ ɩɨ ɜɫɟɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɨɪɟɥɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɥɢɬɵ.
•ɉɨɫɥɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɝɨɪɟɥɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɥɢɬɟ ɫɥɨɹ ɭɝɥɟɣ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ ɞɪɨɜ ɢɥɢ ɤɚɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɝɥɹ ɜ ɤɭɫɤɚɯ ɦɚɥɨɝɨ ɢ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɚ.
B- ɋɥɢɲɤɨɦ ɞɥɢɧɧɵɟ ɩɨɥɟɧɶɹ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɩɭɫɬɨɬ ɜ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɨɱɧɨɣ ɤɚɦɟɪɟ ɢ, ɬɟɦ ɫɚɦɵɦ, ɤ ɧɟɩɨɥɧɨɦɭ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɸ ɞɪɟɜɟɫɢɧɵ.
-ɋɥɢɲɤɨɦ ɤɨɪɨɬɤɢɟ ɩɨɥɟɧɶɹ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɬ ɤ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɸ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ, ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɤ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɸ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɤɩɞ ɤɨɬɥɚ.
-Ɉɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɣɬɟ ɜɟɪɯɧɸɸ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ ɦɟɞɥɟɧɧɨ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɬɶ ɜɵɯɨɞ ɞɵɦɚ.
-ȼɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɫɬɪɨɝɨ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɟɧɨ ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɬɶ ɧɢɠɧɸɸ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ.
-ɉɪɢ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɟ ɞɪɨɜ ɜ ɤɨɬɟɥ ɧɟ ɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɣɬɟ ɜɟɪɯɧɸɸ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɣ ɧɚ ɞɨɥɝɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ.
-ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɩɪɢ ɧɢɡɤɢɯ ɪɟɠɢɦɚɯ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɧɢɡɤɨɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɟ ɬɨɤɫɢɱɧɵɟ ɝɚɡɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɪɢ ɜɞɵɯɚɧɢɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɬɶ ɨɬɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ.
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ɪɢɫ. 1 - ɉɚɧɟɥɶ
5Ɍɟɪɦɨɦɟɬɪ
6Ɍɟɪɦɨɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɬɹɝɢ
2.3 ȼɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ Ɍɨɩɥɢɜɨ
ȼ ɤɨɬɥɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɧɟ ɩɨɞɜɟɪɠɟɧɧɨɟ ɤɚɤɢɦ-ɥɢɛɨ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɚɦ ɭɝɨɥɶɧɨɟ ɢɥɢ ɞɪɟɜɟɫɧɨɟ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨ. Ⱦɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɟɫɫɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɢ ɛɪɢɤɟɬɨɜ, ɩɪɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɢ, ɱɬɨ ɨɧɢ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɵ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɢɡ ɞɪɟɜɟɫɧɵɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ. ɋ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ, ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɦɨɝɨ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɚ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɧɚɥɚɞɤɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɜɨɢɬɶ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɭ ɞɥɹ ɛɪɢɤɟɬɨɜ. Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɪɨɡɠɢɝɚ, ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɦɨɬɪɟɬɶ ɜ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɯ, ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɦɵɯ ɜɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɨɣ.
Bɋɠɢɝɚɧɢɟ ɨɬɯɨɞɨɜ, ɩɥɚɫɬɦɚɫɫɨɜɵɯ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɣ ɢɥɢ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɟɣ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɬɨɤɫɢɱɧɵɯ ɝɚɡɨɜ ɢ ɤ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɸ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɬɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɫɦɟɪɬɢ ɢɥɢ ɜɡɪɵɜɚ.
•ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɧɵɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ.
•ɉɪɢ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɡɪɵɜɚ, ɩɨɠɚɪɚ, ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɤɫɢɱɧɵɯ ɝɚɡɨɜ ɩɪɟɤɪɚɬɢɬɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɤɨɬɥɚ.
•Ʉɨɬɟɥ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɬɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜɡɪɨɫɥɵɟ ɥɢɰɚ, ɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɟɣ ɢ ɫ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɨɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ.
-ɇɟ ɞɵɲɚɣɬɟ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɢ ɝɭɫɬɨɝɨ ɞɵɦɚ.
-Ʉɨɬɟɥ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ ɜ ɯɨɪɨɲɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɦ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ.
-ɉɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɨɱɢɫɬɤɭ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɢ ɞɵɦɨɨɬɜɨɞɹɳɢɯ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɩɪɟɞɩɢɫɚɧɢɹɦɢ.
ȼɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɥɚ
ɉɪɟɠɞɟ ɱɟɦ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ ɤɨɬɟɥ ɞɚɣɬɟ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɭ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɫɝɨɪɟɬɶ. ȼɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɧɚ ɤɪɚɬɤɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɣ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɉɨɫɥɟ ɩɨɥɧɨɝɨ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɹ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ, ɞɚɣɬɟ ɤɨɬɥɭ ɨɫɬɵɬɶ, ɡɚɬɟɦ:
•ɑɢɫɬɢɬɟ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɧɵɟ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɨɱɧɨɣ ɞɜɟɪɰɵ ɢ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɨɱɧɭɸ ɤɚɦɟɪɭ.
•ɍɞɚɥɢɬɟ ɡɨɥɭ ɢ ɱɢɫɬɢɬɟ ɤɚɦɟɪɭ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɹ.
•Ɂɚɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɞɜɟɪɰɵ ɡɨɥɶɧɢɤɚ ɢ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɨɱɧɨɣ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ.
ȼɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɧɚ ɞɨɥɝɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɣ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ
ɉɪɢ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɧɚ ɞɨɥɝɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɣ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɜ ɤɨɧɰɟ ɯɨɥɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɡɨɧɚ) ɚɤɤɭɪɚɬɧɨ ɱɢɫɬɢɬɟ ɟɝɨ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɬɶ ɤɨɪɪɨɡɢɢ.
Bȼɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɧɟɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɜ ɡɢɦɧɢɣ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ, ɜɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ ɭɳɟɪɛɚ ɨɬ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɦɟɪɡɚɧɢɹ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɫɥɢɬɶ ɜɫɸ ɜɨɞɭ ɢɡ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɢɥɢ ɠɟ ɞɨɛɚɜɢɬɶ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɚɧɬɢɮɪɢɡ, ɨɬɜɟɱɚɸɳɢɣ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ sez. 3.3.
2.4 Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɉɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ
Ⱦɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɬɚ ɜ ɤɚɦɟɪɟ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɹ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɪɭɱɤɭ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɧɚ 60°C; ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɬ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɞ ɪɭɱɤɢ ɧɚ 80°C ɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɫɦɟɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɥɚɩɚɧɚ.
ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɪɭɱɧɵɦɢ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɹɦɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ:
-ɉɟɪɢɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɨɱɢɫɬɤɚ ɬɨɩɤɢ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɩɟɪɟɞɧɸɸ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɭ ɞɥɹ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɹ ɡɨɥɵ ɢɡ ɡɨɥɶɧɢɤɚ, ɨɬɤɪɵɜ ɧɢɠɧɸɸ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ.
-ɉɟɪɢɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɜ ɬɨɩɤɭ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɭɸ ɞɥɹ ɷɬɨɣ ɰɟɥɢ ɜɟɪɯɧɸɸ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ.
Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ
ɉɟɪɢɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɭɣɬɟ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ. Ʉɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɯɨɥɨɞɧɨɣ ɜɨɞɟ. ȼ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɛɚɤɚɯ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɜɨɞɵ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɨɦɭ; ɜ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɛɚɤɚɯ ɡɚɤɪɵɬɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɪɚɜɧɵɦ ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ.
2 |
RU |
cod. 3540Z903RU - 08/2012 (Rev. 00) |
SFL
3. ɆɈɇɌȺɀ
3.1 ɍɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɚ
ɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄȺ ɂ ɇȺɋɌɊɈɃɄȺ ȽɈɊȿɅɄɂ ȾɈɅɀɇȺ ɈɋɍɓȿɋɌȼɅəɌɖɋə ɌɈɅɖɄɈ ɋɉȿɐɂȺɅɂɁɂɊɈȼȺɇɇɕɆ ɉȿɊɋɈɇȺɅɈɆ, ɂɆȿɘɓɂɆ ɉɊɈȼȿɊȿɇɇɍɘ ɄȼȺɅɂɎɂɄȺɐɂɘ, ɉɊɂ ɋɈȻɅɘȾȿɇɂɂ ɉɊɂȼȿȾȿɇɇɕɏ ȼ ɇȺɋɌɈəɓȿɆ ɌȿɏɇɂɑȿɋɄɈɆ ɊɍɄɈȼɈȾɋɌȼȿ ɍɄȺɁȺɇɂɃ, ɉɊȿȾɉɂɋȺɇɂɃ ȾȿɃɋɌȼɍɘɓȿȽɈ ɁȺɄɈɇɈȾȺɌȿɅɖɋɌȼȺ, ɉɈɅɈɀȿɇɂɃ ɆȿɋɌɇɕɏ ɇɈɊɆ ɂ ɉɊȺȼɂɅ, ɂ ȼ ɋɈɈɌȼȿɌɋɌȼɂɂ ɋ ɉɊɂɇəɌɕɆɂ ɌȿɏɇɂɑȿɋɄɂɆɂ ɌɊȿȻɈȼȺɇɂəɆɂ.
3.2 Ɇɟɫɬɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ
Ʉɨɬɟɥ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ ɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɨɬɜɟɞɟɧɧɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɷɬɨɣ ɰɟɥɢ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ, ɢɦɟɸɳɟɦ ɜɩɭɫɤɧɵɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɟ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɟ ɩɪɨɜɟɬɪɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɦɢ. ȿɫɥɢ ɜ ɨɞɧɨɦ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɵ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ ɢɥɢ ɜɵɬɹɠɧɵɟ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ, ɬɨ ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɣ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɵɦɢ ɞɥɹ ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɜɫɟɯ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɨɜ. ȼ ɦɟɫɬɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɨɝɧɟɨɩɚɫɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ ɢɥɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ, ɟɞɤɢɟ ɝɚɡɵ, ɩɵɥɶ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɥɟɬɭɱɢɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɡɚɫɚɫɵɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɨɦ. ɉɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɫɭɯɢɦ ɢ ɧɟ ɩɨɞɜɟɪɝɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɸ ɞɨɠɞɹ, ɫɧɟɝɚ ɢɥɢ ɦɨɪɨɡɚ.
Aȼɨɤɪɭɝ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɨ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɟ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɞɟɦɨɧɬɚɠɚ ɤɨɠɭɯɚ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɬɟɯɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ. ȼ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɶɫɹ, ɱɬɨ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɤɨɬɥɨɦ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɭɞɨɛɧɭɸ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɭ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ.
ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ:
1.Ɋɚɫɩɚɤɭɣɬɟ ɤɨɬɟɥ.
2.ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɬɟɪɦɨɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ "H"ɪɢɫ. 2.
3.ɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɤ ɤɨɬɥɭ ɩɨɞɚɸɳɢɣ ɢ ɜɨɡɜɪɚɬɧɵɣ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɵ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ.
4.ɋ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɥɹ ɷɬɨɣ ɰɟɥɢ ɜɢɧɬɚ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɣɬɟ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɡɚɛɨɪɧɢɤɚ ɬɚɤ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɪɢ ɨɩɭɳɟɧɧɨɣ ɞɜɟɪɰɟ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɡɚɡɨɪɚ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɯɨɞɚ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɥɚ 1 - 2 ɦɦ, ɧɨ ɧɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ. ɉɪɢ ɯɨɥɨɞɧɨɦ ɤɨɬɥɟ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ ɬɟɪɦɨɫɬɚɬ ɧɚ 60°. ɉɪɢɤɪɟɩɢɬɟ ɰɟɩɨɱɤɭ "C" ɤ ɩɪɨɭɲɢɧɟ "D" ɞɜɟɪɰɵ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɡɚɛɨɪɧɢɤɚ ɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɣɬɟ ɟɟ ɞɢɧɭ ɬɚɤ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɡɚɡɨɪ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɯɨɞɚ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ "L" (ɪɢɫ. 2) ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɥ ɨɤɨɥɨ 15 ɦɦ ɩɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɤɚɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɝɥɹ "coke III" ɢ 2 ɦɦ ɩɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɞɪɟɜɟɫɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ.
H
C
D
L
ɪɢɫ. 2 - Ɇɨɧɬɚɠ 3.3 Ƚɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ
ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɨɣ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɵ ɡɚɪɚɧɟɟ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɬɟɩɥɟ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɚɦɢ Ⱦɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨɝɨ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɚ ɝɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɚ ɜɫɟɦɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɦɢ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ ȼ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɵ ɜɫɟ ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɢ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ, ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɦɢ. Ⱦɚɧɧɵɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɧɚɝɧɟɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɟ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ ɝɨɪɹɱɟɣ ɜɨɞɵ ɧɚ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɧɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ 0,5 ɦ ɛɟɡ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɨɬɫɟɱɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ. Ⱥɝɪɟɝɚɬ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɛɟɡ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɛɚɤɚ, ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɦɨɧɬɚɠɧɢɤɨɦ.
ɉɨ ɡɚɩɪɨɫɭ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɥɚɩɚɧ, ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɣ ɞɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɭ.
Bɋɥɢɜɧɨɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɥɚɩɚɧɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɨ ɫ ɜɨɪɨɧɤɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɫɨ ɫɥɢɜɧɨɣ ɬɪɭɛɨɣ ɜɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ ɢɡɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɵ ɧɚ ɩɨɥ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɨɬɨɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɟ. ȼ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɢɬɟɥɶ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɧɟ ɧɟɫɟɬ ɧɢɤɚɤɨɣ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚ ɡɚɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɥɚɩɚɧɚ
ɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɬɪɭɛɵ ɝɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɡɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɤ.
ɉɟɪɟɞ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɨɣ ɬɳɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɨɦɨɣɬɟ ɜɫɟ ɬɪɭɛɵ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɞɥɹ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɵɯ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɹɸɳɢɯ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɢɯ ɬɟɥ, ɦɨɝɭɳɢɯ ɩɨɦɟɲɚɬɶ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ.
ȼɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɟ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɬɪɭɛ ɤ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ ɲɬɭɰɟɪɚɦ, ɤɚɤ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɧɚ cap. 5 ɢ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɚɦ, ɢɦɟɸɳɢɦɫɹ ɧɚ ɫɚɦɨɦ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɟ.
ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɜɨɞɵ ɞɥɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ
ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ, ɟɫɥɢ ɠɟɫɬɤɨɫɬɶ ɜɨɞɵ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɟɬ 25° Fr (1°F = 10 ɩɩɦ CaCO3), ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɚɹ ɜɨɞɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɚ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɚɬɶ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɚɤɢɩɢ ɜ ɤɨɬɥɟ. ɉɨɫɥɟ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɠɟɫɬɤɨɫɬɶ ɜɨɞɵ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɢɠɟ 15°F (Ⱦɉ 236/88 ɨ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɟ ɜɨɞɵ, ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɨɣ ɞɥɹ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ). ȼɨɞɨɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɚ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ, ɟɫɥɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɛɨɥɶɲɭɸ ɩɪɨɬɹɠɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɢ ɱɚɫɬɨɦ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɩɨɞɩɢɬɤɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ.
ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɨɬ ɡɚɦɟɪɡɚɧɢɹ, ɠɢɞɤɢɟ ɚɧɬɢɮɪɢɡɵ, ɞɨɛɚɜɤɢ ɢ ɢɧɝɢɛɢɬɨɪɵ
ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ, ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɠɢɞɤɢɯ ɚɧɬɢɮɪɢɡɨɜ, ɞɨɛɚɜɨɤ ɢ ɢɧɝɢɛɢɬɨɪɨɜ, ɪɚɡɪɟɲɚɸɬɫɹ ɤ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɬɟ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɵ, ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɪɭɟɬ, ɱɬɨ ɨɧɢ ɧɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɞɹɬ ɬɟɩɥɨɨɛɦɟɧɧɢɤ ɢɥɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɞɟɬɚɥɢ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɢ/ɢɥɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ. Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ-ɚɧɬɢɮɪɢɡɵ, ɞɨɛɚɜɤɢ ɢ ɢɧɝɢɛɢɬɨɪɵ, ɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɯ ɨɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɧɟɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɵɟ ɫ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɦɢ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɜ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ.
ɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɬɟɩɥɨɨɛɦɟɧɧɢɤɚ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ
ɉɨ ɡɚɤɚɡɭ, ɜɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɤɨɬɥɨɦ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɣ ɬɟɩɥɨɨɛɦɟɧɧɢɤ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ (ɨɯɥɚɠɞɚɸɳɢɣ ɤɨɧɬɭɪ).
ȼ ɫɬɪɚɧɚɯ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬ EN 303-5, ɤɨɬɟɥ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɜɨɞɚ ɢɡɛɵɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɩɥɚ ɛɟɡ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɚ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ. Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɢɫɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɞɨɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ 100 °C (ɡɚɳɢɬɚ ɨɬ ɩɟɪɟɝɪɟɜɚ).
Ɇɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɯɥɚɠɞɚɸɳɟɣ ɜɨɞɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶ 2,0 ɛɚɪ, ɚ ɟɟ ɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 10 ɥ/ɦɢɧ.
•ɋɧɢɦɢɬɟ ɮɥɚɧɟɰ “A” , ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɣ ɜ ɡɚɞɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɤɨɬɥɚ.
•ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɬɟɩɥɨɨɛɦɟɧɧɢɤ “N” , ɩɪɢɤɪɟɩɢɜ ɟɝɨ 4 ɛɨɥɬɚɦɢ
•ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɥɚɩɚɧ "P" ɧɚ ɜɵɯɨɞɟ ɡɦɟɟɜɢɤɚ "N" ɩɪɢ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɢ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɨɣ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɬɨɤɚ. ȼɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ "Q" ɤɥɚɩɚɧɚ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɣ ɞɥɹ ɷɬɨɣ ɰɟɥɢ ɤɨɠɭɯ "G". ɋɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟ ɜɯɨɞɧɨɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ ɜɨɞɵ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɫ ɬɟɩɥɨɨɛɦɟɧɧɢɤɨɦ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ. ɋɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟ ɜɵɯɨɞɧɨɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ ɫ ɤɥɚɩɚɧɨɦ.
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ɪɢɫ. 3 - ɋɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɬɟɩɥɨɨɛɦɟɧɧɢɤɚ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ |
Aȿɫɥɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɛɪɢɤɟɬɵ (ɫ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɚɦɢ FERROLI“SUN P7” - “SUN P12”) ȼ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɚɥɶɬɟɪɧɚɬɢɜɵ ɬɟɩɥɨɨɛɦɟɧɧɢɤɭ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ “Ɍɟɪɦɨɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ” ɚɪɬ. 033001X0.
3.4 ɉɟɪɟɜɨɞ ɤɨɬɥɚ ɧɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɫ ɛɪɢɤɟɬɚɦɢ
ɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɥɹ ɷɬɨɣ ɰɟɥɢ ɨɩɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɛɨɪɚ, ɜ ɤɨɬɟɥ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɭ, ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɭɸ ɧɚ ɛɪɢɤɟɬɚɯ.
Ⱦɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɩɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɛɨɪɚ ɫɦɨɬɪɟɬɶ ɜ ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɟɦɵɯ ɤ ɧɟɦɭ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɯ.
ɂɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɢ, ɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɟɣ ɧɚ ɛɪɢɤɟɬɚɯ SUN P7 - P12 ɜ ɤɨɬɥɟ SFL
ȼɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɞɚɬɱɢɤ “C” ɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ, ɩɪɨɩɭɫɬɢɜ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ “E” ɫɤɜɨɡɶ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ ɧɚ ɤɪɵɲɤɟ ɤɨɬɥɚ.
E
C
ɪɢɫ. 4
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