FANUC Series 30+-MODEL B
FANUC Series 31+-MODEL B
FAN
2+-MODEL B
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE
HANDBOOK
B-64487EN/03
• No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form.
• All specifications and designs are subject to change without
The products in this manual are controlled based on Japan’s
“Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Law”. The export of Series
30i-B, Series 31i-B5 from Japan is subject to an export license by
the government of Japan. Other models in this manual may also
be subject to export controls.
Further, re-export to another country may be subject to the
license of the government of the country from where the product
is re-exported. Furthermore, the product may also be controlled
by re-export regulations of the United States government.
Should you wish to export or re-export these products, please
contact FANUC for advice.
The products in this manual are manufactured under strict quality
control. However, when some serious accidents or losses are
predicted due to a failure of the product, make adequate
consideration for safety.
In this manual we have tried as much as possible to describe all
the various matters.
However, we cannot describe all the matters which must not be
done, or which cannot be done, because there are so many
possibilities.
Therefore, matters which are not especially described as possible
in this manual should be regarded as ”impossible”.
This manual contains the program names or device names of
other companies, some of which are registered trademarks of
respective owners. However, these names are not followed by ®
or ™ in the main body.
notice.
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
This section describes the safety precautions related to the use of CNC
units.
It is essential that these precautions be observed by users to ensure the
safe operation of machines equipped with a CNC unit (all descriptions in
this section assume this configuration). Note that some precautions are
related only to specific functions, and thus may not be applicable to
certain CNC units.
Users must also observe the safety precautions related to the machine,
as described in the relevant manual supplied by the machine tool builder.
Before attempting to operate the machine or create a program to control
the operation of the machine, the operator must become fully familiar
with the contents of this manual and relevant manual supplied by the
machine tool builder.
DEFINITION OF WARNING, CAUTION, AND NOTE
This manual includes safety precautions for protecting the user and
preventing damage to the machine. Precautions are classified into
Warning and Caution according to their bearing on safety. Also,
supplementary information is described as a Note. Read the Warning,
Caution, and Note thoroughly before attempting to use the machine.
WARNING
Applied when there is a danger of the user being injured or when there is a
danger of both the user being injured and the equipment being damaged if
the approved procedure is not observed.
CAUTION
Applied when there is a danger of the equipment being damaged, if the
approved procedure is not observed.
NOTE
The Note is used to indicate supplementary information other than
Warning and Caution.
• Read this manual carefully, and store it in a safe place.
GENERAL WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS
WARNING
1 Never attempt to machine a workpiece without first checking the operation
of the machine. Before starting a production run, ensure that the machine
is operating correctly by performing a trial run using, for example, the
single block, feedrate override, or machine lock function or by operating
the machine with neither a tool nor workpiece mounted. Failure to confirm
the correct operation of the machine may result in the machine behaving
unexpectedly, possibly causing damage to the workpiece and/or machine
itself, or injury to the user.
2 Before operating the machine, thoroughly check the entered data.
Operating the machine with incorrectly specified data may result in the
machine behaving unexpectedly, possibly causing damage to the
workpiece and/or machine itself, or injury to the user.
3 Ensure that the specified feedrate is appropriate for the intended
operation. Generally, for each machine, there is a maximum allowable
feedrate. The appropriate feedrate varies with the intended operation.
Refer to the manual provided with the machine to determine the maximum
allowable feedrate.
If a machine is run at other than the correct speed, it may behave
unexpectedly, possibly causing damage to the workpiece and/or machine
itself, or injury to the user.
4 When using a tool compensation function, thoroughly check the direction
and amount of compensation. Operating the machine with incorrectly
specified data may result in the machine behaving unexpectedly, possibly
causing damage to the workpiece and/or machine itself, or injury to the
user.
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SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
WARNING
5 The parameters for the CNC and PMC are factory-set. Usually, there is not
need to change them. When, however, there is not alternative other than
to change a parameter, ensure that you fully understand the function of the
parameter before making any change.
Failure to set a parameter correctly may result in the machine behaving
unexpectedly, possibly causing damage to the workpiece and/or machine
itself, or injury to the user.
CAUTION
1 Immediately after switching on the power, do not touch any of the keys on
the MDI panel until the position display or alarm screen appears on the
CNC unit.
Some of the keys on the MDI panel are dedicated to maintenance or other
special operations. Pressing any of these keys may place the CNC unit in
other than its normal state. Starting the machine in this state may cause it
to behave unexpectedly.
2 The User’s Manual and programming manual supplied with a CNC unit
provide an overall description of the machine's functions, including any
optional functions. Note that the optional functions will vary from one
machine model to another. Therefore, some functions described in the
manuals may not actually be available for a particular model. Check the
specification of the machine if in doubt.
3 Some functions may have been implemented at the request of the
machine-tool builder. When using such functions, refer to the manual
supplied by the machine-tool builder for details of their use and any related
cautions.
4 The liquid-crystal display is manufactured with very precise fabrication
technology. Some pixels may not be turned on or may remain on. This
phenomenon is a common attribute of LCDs and is not a defect.
NOTE
Programs, parameters, and macro variables are stored in nonvolatile
memory in the CNC unit. Usually, they are retained even if the power is
turned off. Such data may be deleted inadvertently, however, or it may
prove necessary to delete all data from nonvolatile memory as part of error
recovery. To guard against the occurrence of the above, and assure quick
restoration of deleted data, backup all vital data, and keep the backup
copy in a safe place.
WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS RELATED TO
PROGRAMMING
This section covers the major safety precautions related to programming.
Before attempting to perform programming, read the supplied User’s
Manual carefully such that you are fully familiar with their contents.
WARNING
1 Coordinate system setting
If a coordinate system is established incorrectly, the machine may behave
unexpectedly as a result of the program issuing an otherwise valid move
command. Such an unexpected operation may damage the tool, the
machine itself, the workpiece, or cause injury to the user.
2 Positioning by nonlinear interpolation
When performing positioning by nonlinear interpolation (positioning by
nonlinear movement between the start and end points), the tool path must
be carefully confirmed before performing programming. Positioning
involves rapid traverse. If the tool collides with the workpiece, it may
damage the tool, the machine itself, the workpiece, or cause injury to the
user.
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WARNING
3 Function involving a rotary axis
When programming polar coordinate interpolation or normal-direction
(perpendicular) control, pay careful attention to the speed of the rotary
axis. Incorrect programming may result in the rotary axis speed becoming
excessively high, such that centrifugal force causes the chuck to lose its
grip on the workpiece if the latter is not mounted securely. Such mishap is
likely to damage the tool, the machine itself, the workpiece, or cause injury
to the user.
4 Inch/metric conversion
Switching between inch and metric inputs does not convert the
measurement units of data such as the workpiece origin offset, parameter,
and current position. Before starting the machine, therefore, determine
which measurement units are being used. Attempting to perform an
operation with invalid data specified may damage the tool, the machine
itself, the workpiece, or cause injury to the user.
5 Constant surface speed control
When an axis subject to constant surface speed control approaches the
origin of the workpiece coordinate system, the spindle speed may become
excessively high. Therefore, it is necessary to specify a maximum
allowable speed. Specifying the maximum allowable speed incorrectly
may damage the tool, the machine itself, the workpiece, or cause injury to
the user.
6 Stroke check
After switching on the power, perform a manual reference position return
as required. Stroke check is not possible before manual reference position
return is performed. Note that when stroke check is disabled, an alarm is
not issued even if a stroke limit is exceeded, possibly damaging the tool,
the machine itself, the workpiece, or causing injury to the user.
7 Tool post interference check
A tool post interference check is performed based on the tool data
specified during automatic operation. If the tool specification does not
match the tool actually being used, the interference check cannot be made
correctly, possibly damaging the tool or the machine itself, or causing
injury to the user. After switching on the power, or after selecting a tool
post manually, always start automatic operation and specify the tool
number of the tool to be used.
CAUTION
1 Absolute/incremental mode
If a program created with absolute values is run in incremental mode, or
vice versa, the machine may behave unexpectedly.
2 Plane selection
If an incorrect plane is specified for circular interpolation, helical
interpolation, or a canned cycle, the machine may behave unexpectedly.
Refer to the descriptions of the respective functions for details.
3 Torque limit skip
Before attempting a torque limit skip, apply the torque limit. If a torque limit
skip is specified without the torque limit actually being applied, a move
command will be executed without performing a skip.
4 Programmable mirror image
Note that programmed operations vary considerably when a
programmable mirror image is enabled.
5 Compensation function
If a command based on the machine coordinate system or a reference
position return command is issued in compensation function mode,
compensation is temporarily canceled, resulting in the unexpected
behavior of the machine.
Before issuing any of the above commands, therefore, always cancel
compensation function mode.
B-64487EN/03
s-3
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS RELATED TO
HANDLING
This section presents safety precautions related to the handling of
machine tools. Before attempting to operate your machine, read the
supplied User’s Manual carefully, such that you are fully familiar with
their contents.
WARNING
1 Manual operation
When operating the machine manually, determine the current position of
the tool and workpiece, and ensure that the movement axis, direction, and
feedrate have been specified correctly. Incorrect operation of the machine
may damage the tool, the machine itself, the workpiece, or cause injury to
the operator.
2 Manual reference position return
After switching on the power, perform manual reference position return as
required.
If the machine is operated without first performing manual reference
position return, it may behave unexpectedly. Stroke check is not possible
before manual reference position return is performed.
An unexpected operation of the machine may damage the tool, the
machine itself, the workpiece, or cause injury to the user.
3 Manual numeric command
When issuing a manual numeric command, determine the current position
of the tool and workpiece, and ensure that the movement axis, direction,
and command have been specified correctly, and that the entered values
are valid.
Attempting to operate the machine with an invalid command specified may
damage the tool, the machine itself, the workpiece, or cause injury to the
operator.
4 Manual handle feed
In manual handle feed, rotating the handle with a large scale factor, such
as 100, applied causes the tool and table to move rapidly. Careless
handling may damage the tool and/or machine, or cause injury to the user.
5 Disabled override
If override is disabled (according to the specification in a macro variable)
during threading, rigid tapping, or other tapping, the speed cannot be
predicted, possibly damaging the tool, the machine itself, the workpiece, or
causing injury to the operator.
6 Origin/preset operation
Basically, never attempt an origin/preset operation when the machine is
operating under the control of a program. Otherwise, the machine may
behave unexpectedly, possibly damaging the tool, the machine itself, the
tool, or causing injury to the user.
7 Workpiece coordinate system shift
Manual intervention, machine lock, or mirror imaging may shift the
workpiece coordinate system. Before attempting to operate the machine
under the control of a program, confirm the coordinate system carefully.
If the machine is operated under the control of a program without making
allowances for any shift in the workpiece coordinate system, the machine
may behave unexpectedly, possibly damaging the tool, the machine itself,
the workpiece, or causing injury to the operator.
8 Software operator's panel and menu switches
Using the software operator's panel and menu switches, in combination
with the MDI panel, it is possible to specify operations not supported by the
machine operator's panel, such as mode change, override value change,
and jog feed commands.
Note, however, that if the MDI panel keys are operated inadvertently, the
machine may behave unexpectedly, possibly damaging the tool, the
machine itself, the workpiece, or causing injury to the user.
s-4
WARNING
9 RESET key
Pressing the RESET key stops the currently running program. As a result,
the servo axes are stopped. However, the RESET key may fail to function
for reasons such as an MDI panel problem. So, when the motors must be
stopped, use the emergency stop button instead of the RESET key to
ensure security.
CAUTION
1 Manual intervention
If manual intervention is performed during programmed operation of the
machine, the tool path may vary when the machine is restarted. Before
restarting the machine after manual intervention, therefore, confirm the
settings of the manual absolute switches, parameters, and
absolute/incremental command mode.
2 Feed hold, override, and single block
The feed hold, feedrate override, and single block functions can be
disabled using custom macro system variable #3004. Be careful when
operating the machine in this case.
3 Dry run
Usually, a dry run is used to confirm the operation of the machine. During a
dry run, the machine operates at dry run speed, which differs from the
corresponding programmed feedrate. Note that the dry run speed may
sometimes be higher than the programmed feed rate.
4 Tool radius and tool nose radius compensation in MDI mode
Pay careful attention to a tool path specified by a command in MDI mode,
because tool radius or tool nose radius compensation is not applied. When
a command is entered from the MDI to interrupt in automatic operation in
tool radius or tool nose radius compensation mode, pay particular attention
to the tool path when automatic operation is subsequently resumed. Refer
to the descriptions of the corresponding functions for details.
5 Program editing
If the machine is stopped, after which the machining program is edited
(modification, insertion, or deletion), the machine may behave
unexpectedly if machining is resumed under the control of that program.
Basically, do not modify, insert, or delete commands from a machining
program while it is in use.
B-64487EN/03
WARNINGS RELATED TO DAILY MAINTENANCE
WARNING
1 Memory backup battery replacement
When replacing the memory backup batteries, keep the power to the
machine (CNC) turned on, and apply an emergency stop to the machine.
Because this work is performed with the power on and the cabinet open,
only those personnel who have received approved safety and
maintenance training may perform this work.
When replacing the batteries, be careful not to touch the high-voltage
circuits (marked
Touching the uncovered high-voltage circuits presents an extremely
dangerous electric shock hazard.
NOTE
The CNC uses batteries to preserve the contents of its memory, because it
must retain data such as programs, offsets, and parameters even while
external power is not applied.
If the battery voltage drops, a low battery voltage alarm is displayed on the
machine operator's panel or screen.
When a low battery voltage alarm is displayed, replace the batteries within
a week. Otherwise, the contents of the CNC's memory will be lost.
Refer to the Section “Method of replacing battery” of the Part IV,
“Maintenance” in the User’s Manual (Common to T/M series) for details of
the battery replacement procedure.
and fitted with an insulating cover).
s-5
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
WARNING
2 Absolute Pulsecoder battery replacement
When replacing the memory backup batteries, keep the power to the
machine (CNC) turned on, and apply an emergency stop to the machine.
Because this work is performed with the power on and the cabinet open,
only those personnel who have received approved safety and
maintenance training may perform this work.
When replacing the batteries, be careful not to touch the high-voltage
circuits (marked
Touching the uncovered high-voltage circuits presents an extremely
dangerous electric shock hazard.
NOTE
The absolute Pulsecoder uses batteries to preserve its absolute position.
If the battery voltage drops, a low battery voltage alarm is displayed on the
machine operator's panel or screen.
When a low battery voltage alarm is displayed, replace the batteries within
a week. Otherwise, the absolute position data held by the Pulsecoder will
be lost.
Refer to the FANUC SERVO MOTOR αi series Maintenance Manual for
details of the battery replacement procedure.
WARNING
3 Fuse replacement
Before replacing a blown fuse, however, it is necessary to locate and
remove the cause of the blown fuse.
For this reason, only those personnel who have received approved safety
and maintenance training may perform this work.
When replacing a fuse with the cabinet open, be careful not to touch the
high-voltage circuits (marked
Touching an uncovered high-voltage circuit presents an extremely
dangerous electric shock hazard.
and fitted with an insulating cover).
and fitted with an insulating cover).
s-6
PREFACE
The Operation and Maintenance Handbook is for persons who are
familiar with NC programs and operations. It is used to refer to
necessary information quickly in operating or maintaining NC machine
tools at a work site.
The Handbook only contains reference information. It does not contain
other types of information, such as essential information or notes. Read
the following manuals first.
The Handbook assumes that the reader is familiar with the information in
the following manuals.
For information on safety precautions, be sure to read "SAFETY
PRECAUTIONS" described on the first page of the manual.
(1) Applicable models
This manual describes the models indicated in the table below.
In the text, the abbreviations indicated below may be used.
Model name Abbreviation
FANUC Series 30i-MODEL B 30i-B Series 30i
FANUC Series 31i-MODEL B5 31i-B5
FANUC Series 31i-MODEL B 31i-B
FANUC Series 32i-MODEL B 32i-B Series 32i
NOTE
1 For an explanatory purpose, the following descriptions may be used
according to the types of path control used:
• T series: For the lathe system
• M series: For the machining center system
2 Unless otherwise noted, the model names 31i-B, 31i-B5, and 32i-B are
collectively referred to as 30i. However, this convention is not necessarily
observed when item 3 below is applicable.
3 Some functions described in this manual may not be applied to some
products. For details, refer to the DESCRIPTIONS (B-64482EN).
(2) Special symbols
This manual uses the following symbols:
M
-
Indicates a description that is valid only for the machine center system
set as system control type (in parameter No. 0983).
In a general description of the method of machining, a machining center
system operation is identified by a phase such as "for milling machining".
T
-
Indicates a description that is valid only for the lathe system set as
system control type (in parameter No. 0983).
In a general description of the method of machining, a lathe system
operation is identified by a phrase such as "for lathe cutting".
-
Indicates the end of a description of a system control type.
When a system control type mark mentioned above is not followed by
this mark, the description of the system control type is assumed to
continue until the next item or paragraph begins. In this case, the next
item or paragraph provides a description common to the control types.
Series 31i
p-1
(3) Description of parameters
Parameters are classified by data type as follows:
Data type Valid data rangeRemarks
Bit
Bit machine group
Bit path
Bit axis
Bit spindle
Byte
Byte machine group
Byte path
Byte axis
Byte spindle
Word
Word machine group
Word path
Word axis
Word spindle
2-word
2-word machine
group
2-word path
2-word axis
2-word spindle
Real
Real machine group
Real path
Real axis
Real spindle
NOTE
1 Each of the parameters of the bit, bit machine group, bit path, bit axis, and
bit spindle types consists of 8 bits for one data number (parameters with
eight different meanings).
2 For machine group types, parameters corresponding to the maximum
number of machine groups are present, so that independent data can be
set for each machine group.
3 For path types, parameters corresponding to the maximum number of
paths are present, so that independent data can be set for each path.
4 For axis types, parameters corresponding to the maximum number of
control axes are present, so that independent data can be set for each
control axis.
5 For spindle types, parameters corresponding to the maximum number of
spindles are present, so that independent data can be set for each spindle
axis.
6 The valid data range for each data type indicates a general range. The
range varies according to the parameters. For the valid data range of a
specific parameter, see the explanation of the parameter.
0 or 1
-128 to 127
-32768 to 32767
0 to ±999999999
See the standard
parameter
setting tables.
Some parameters handle these
types of data as unsigned data.
Some parameters handle these
types of data as unsigned data.
Some parameters handle these
types of data as unsigned data.
B-64487EN/03
p-2
PREFACE
(4) Related manuals of Series 30i-MODEL B, Series 31i-MODEL B5,
Series 31i-MODEL B, Series 32i-MODEL B
The following table lists the manuals related to Series 30i-B, Series
31i-B, Series 31i-B5, Series 32i-B. This manual is indicated by an
asterisk (*).
Manual name
DESCRIPTIONS B-64482EN
CONNECTION MANUAL (HARDWARE) B-64483EN
CONNECTION MANUAL (FUNCTION) B-64483EN-1
OPERATOR’S MANUAL
(Common to Lathe System/Machining Center System)
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Lathe System) B-64484EN-1
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center System) B-64484EN-2
MAINTENANCE MANUAL B-64485EN
PARAMETER MANUAL B-64490EN
Programming
Macro Executor PROGRAMMING MANUAL B-63943EN-2
Macro Compiler PROGRAMMING MANUAL B-66263EN
C Language Executor PROGRAMMING MANUAL B-63943EN-3
PMC
PMC PROGRAMMING MANUAL B-64513EN
Network
PROFIBUS-DP Board CONNECTION MANUAL B-63993EN
Fast Ethernet / Fast Data Server OPERATOR’S MANUAL B-64014EN
DeviceNet Board CONNECTION MANUAL B-64043EN
FL-net Board CONNECTION MANUAL B-64163EN
CC-Link Board CONNECTION MANUAL B-64463EN
Operation guidance function
MANUAL GUIDE i (Common to Lathe System/Machining
Center System) OPERATOR’S MANUAL
MANUAL GUIDE i (For Machining Center System)
OPERATOR’S MANUAL
MANUAL GUIDE i Set-up Guidance
OPERATOR’S MANUAL
Dual Check Safety
Dual Check Safety CONNECTION MANUAL B-64483EN-2
Specification
number
B-64484EN
B-63874EN
B-63874EN-2
B-63874EN-1
p-3
(5) Related manuals of SERVO MOTOR αi series, SPINDLE MOTOR αi
series, SERVO AMPLIFIER αi series
The following table lists the manuals related to SERVO MOTOR αi
series, SPINDLE MOTOR αi series, and SERVO AMPLIFIER αi series.
Manual name
FANUC AC SERVO MOTOR αis series
FANUC AC SERVO MOTOR αi series
DESCRIPTIONS
FANUC AC SERVO MOTOR αiS/αiF/βiS series
PARAMETER MANUAL
FANUC AC SPINDLE MOTOR αi series DESCRIPTIONS B-65272EN
FANUC AC SPINDLE MOTOR αi/βi series
PARAMETER MANUAL
FANUC SERVO AMPLIFIER αi series DESCRIPTIONS B-65282EN
FANUC AC SERVO MOTOR αis/αi series
FANUC AC SPINDLE MOTOR αi series
FANUC SERVO AMPLIFIER αi series
MAINTENANCE MANUAL
Either of the following servo motors and the corresponding spindle can
be connected to the CNC covered in this manual.
This manual mainly assumes that the FANUC SERVO MOTOR αi series
of servo motor is used. For servo motor and spindle information, refer to
the manuals for the servo motor and spindle that are actually connected.
B-64487EN/03
Specification
number
B-65262EN
B-65270EN
B-65280EN
B-65285EN
p-4
Table of Contents
1 SCREEN DISPLAY AND OPERATION ................................... 1
1
2 OPERATION LIST ................................................................. 55
3 G CODE ................................................................................. 65
4 PROGRAM FORMAT ............................................................ 79