Anritsu S251B User Manual

Page 1
Site Master
Model S251B
Antenna and
Cable Analyzer
User's Guide
Hand-Held Tester for Transmission Lines
and other RF Components
Page 2
WARRANTY
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LIMITATION OF WARRANTY
The foregoing warranty does not apply to Anritsu connectors that have failed due to normal wear. Also, the warranty does not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by the Buyer, unauthorized modification or misuse, or op eration outside the environmental specifications of the product. No other warranty is expressed or implied, and the remedies provided herein are the Buyer's sole and exclusive remedies.
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TRADEMARK ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
MS-DOS, Windows, Windows 95, Windows NT, and Windows 98 are registered trademarks of the Microsoft Corporation. Anritsu and Site Master are trademarks of Anritsu Company.
NOTICE
Anritsu Company has prepared this manual for use by Anritsu Company personnel and customers as a guide for the proper installation, operation and maintenance of Anritsu Company equipment and computer programs. The drawings, specifications, and information contained herein are the property of Anritsu Company, and any un­authorized use or disclosure of these drawings, specifications, and information is prohibited; they shall not be reproduced, copied, or used in whole or in part as the basis for manufacture or sale of the equipment or software programs without the prior written consent of Anritsu Company.
September 1999 10580-00032 Copyright ã 1999 Anritsu Co. Revision: A
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Page 4

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 - General Information 1-1
Introduction..................................1-1
Description ..................................1-1
Standard Accessories .............................1-1
Options ....................................1-2
Optional Accessories .............................1-2
Performance Specifications .........................1-3
Preventive Maintenance ...........................1-6
Calibration ..................................1-7
Annual Verification..............................1-7
Chapter 2 - Getting Started 2-1
Introduction..................................2-1
Charging a New Battery ...........................2-1
Charging the Battery in the Site Master .....................2-1
Charging the Battery in the Optional Charger..................2-1
Battery Charge Indicator ..........................2-2
Discharging the NiMH Battery .......................2-3
Battery Life ..................................2-3
Important Battery Information .......................2-3
Chapter 3 - Functions and Operations 3-1
Introduction..................................3-1
Front Panel Overview ............................3-1
Test Connector Panel.............................3-2
Keypad Controls ...............................3-3
Soft Keys ...................................3-6
Power Monitor Menu ............................3-20
Printing....................................3-21
Printing a Screen .................................3-21
Printer Switch Settings ..............................3-22
Symbols ...................................3-23
Self Test ...................................3-23
Error Codes .................................3-24
Self Test Errors ..................................3-24
Range Errors ...................................3-25
Using the Soft Carrying Case........................3-28
Chapter 4 - Measurements 4-1
Introduction..................................4-1
Measurement Functions ...........................4-1
Power On Procedure .............................4-2
Calibration Procedure ............................4-2
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Selecting the Frequency Range ..........................4-3
Performing a Calibration .............................4-3
Setting the Amplitude Scale ............................4-4
Saving the Setup ..................................4-4
Recalling a Setup ..................................4-4
Saving a Display to Memory ............................4-5
Recalling a Display From Memory ........................4-5
SWR (Return Loss) and Cable Loss Measurement ............4-9
Required Equipment ................................4-9
Device-Under-Test Specification..........................4-9
Procedure ......................................4-9
Selecting the Measurement Mode .........................4-9
Selecting the Frequency Range ..........................4-9
Performing a Calibration.............................4-10
SWR or Return Loss Measurement .......................4-11
Set the Amplitude Scale and Limit Line.....................4-11
Setting the Markers ................................4-13
Cable Loss Measurement ..........................4-14
Setting the Amplitude Scale ...........................4-14
Setting the Segment Limit LInes .........................4-14
DTF Measurement .............................4-16
Required Equipment ...............................4-16
Device-Under-Test Specification .........................4-16
Procedure .....................................4-16
Selecting the Measurement Mode ........................4-16
Performing a Calibration.............................4-17
DTF Measurement (Determining the Length of the Cable) ..........4-18
Setting the Amplitude Scale ...........................4-18
Setting the Marker ................................4-18
DTF Measurement (Determining the quality of the cable.) ..........4-20
Setting the Amplitude Scale ...........................4-20
Setting the Markers ................................4-20
Insertion Gain (Amplifier) Measurement .................4-22
Required Equipment ...............................4-22
Device-Under-Test Specification .........................4-22
Procedure .....................................4-22
Selecting the Measurement ............................4-22
Selecting the Frequency Range..........................4-22
Performing a Calibration.............................4-22
Amplifier Gain Measurement ..........................4-24
Setting the Markers ................................4-24
Activating the Bias Tee ..............................4-25
Setting the Amplitude Scale ...........................4-25
Making Power Measurements .......................4-27
Entering Power Monitor Mode..........................4-27
Zeroing the Power Monitor............................4-27
Measuring High Input Power Levels.......................4-27
Displaying Power in dBm and Watts ......................4-27
Displaying Relative Power ............................4-27
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Chapter 5 - Software Tools Program 5-1
Description ..................................5-1
Requirements .................................5-1
Communication Port Setting.........................5-1
Changing COM Port Settings–Windows 95/98/NT ...............5-1
Software Installation .............................5-3
Plot Capture..................................5-3
Capture multiple traces to a database.......................5-4
Capture single or multiple traces to PC screen..................5-4
Custom Cable List Uploading and Downloading..............5-5
Uploading a Cable List to the Site Master Custom Cable Table ........5-5
Downloading a Cable List from the Site Master Custom Cable Table .....5-5
Saving a Custom Cable List ............................5-5
Program Operation..............................5-6
Fault Location Software ...........................5-6
Smith Chart Software ............................5-6
Saving a Plot as a Windows Metafile or as a Spreadsheet File ......5-7
Pasting a Plot in Graphic or Spreadsheet Format .............5-7
Saving Data to a Database ..........................5-7
“Drag-n-Drop” ................................5-7
Printing ....................................5-8
Appendix A - Reference Data A-1
Coaxial Cable Technical Data........................A-1
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Page 7
Chapter 1 General Information
Introduction
This chapter provides a description, performance specifications, optional accessories, pre ventive maintenance, and calibration requirements for the Site Master model S251B. Throughout this manual, the term Site Master will refer to the S251B.
Model
S251B 625 to 2500 MHz 2
Frequency Range Ports
Description
The Site Master is a hand held SWR/RL (standing wave ratio/return loss), transmission gain/loss and Distance-To- Fault (DTF) measurement instrument that includes a built-in synthesized signal source. All models include a keypad to enter data and a liquid crystal display (LCD) to provide graphic indications of SWR, RL or dB over the selected fre­quency range and SWR or RL over the selected distance. The Site Master is capable of up to 2.5 hours of continuous operation from a fully charged field-replaceable battery and can be operated from a 12.5 dc source. Built-in energy conservation features can be used to ex­tend battery life over an eight-hour work day.
The Site Master is designed for measuring SWR, return loss, or one-port cable insertion loss and locating faulty RF components in antenna systems. Power monitoring is available as an option. Site Master model S251B includes transmission gain or loss (S21) measure­ments and an optional built-in bias tee. The displayed trace can be scaled or enhanced with frequency markers or a limit line. A menu option provides for an audible “beep” when the limit value is exceeded. To permit use in low-light environments, the LCD can be back lit using a front panel key.
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1
Standard Accessories
The Software Tools PC-based software program provides a database record for storing measurement data. Site Master Software Tools can also convert the Site Master display to a Microsoft Windowsä 95/98/NT workstation graphic. Measurements stored in the Site Mas ter internal memory can be downloaded to the PC using the included null-modem serial ca ble. Once stored, the graphic trace can be displayed, scaled, or enhanced with markers and limit lines. Historical graphs can be overlaid with current data, and underlying data can be extracted and used in spreadsheets or for other analytical tasks.
The Site Master Software Tools program also performs DTF (Distance To Fault) and Fault Location.
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1-1
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Chapter 1 General Information
The following items are supplied with the basic hardware.
Soft Carrying Case
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AC-DC Adapter
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Automotive Cigarette Lighter 12 Volt DC Adapter,
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CDROM disk containing the Software Tools program. This program contains Fault Lo
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cation (DTF) and Smith Chart functions Serial Interface Cable (null modem type)
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One year Warranty (includes battery, firmware, and software)
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User's Guide
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Options
Option 5 — Add RF Wattmeter Power Monitor
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Option 10A ¾ Add Bias Tee
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Optional Accessories
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Anritsu Precision N (m) Open/Short/Load, 42 dB, Part No. OSLN50LF
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Anritsu Precision N (f) Open/Short/Load, 42 dB, Part No. OSLNF50LF
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Anritsu Precision N (m) Short/Open, Part No. 22N50
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Anritsu Precision N (f) Short/Open, Part No. 22NF50
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Site Master Precision N (m) Load, 42 dB, Part No. SM/PL
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Site Master Precision N (f) Load, 42 dB, Part No. SM/PLNF
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7/16 (m) Precision Open/Short/Load, Part No. 2000-767
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7/16 (f) Precision Open/Short/Load, Part No. 2000-768
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Adapter, Precision N (m) to N (m), Part No. 34NN50A
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Adapter, Precision N (f) to N (f), Part No. 34NFNF50
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Adapter, 7/16 (f) to N (m), Part No. 510-90
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Adapter, 7/16 (f) to N (f), Part No. 510-91
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Adapter, 7/16 (m) to N (m), Part No. 510-92
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Adapter, 7/16 (m) to N (f), Part No. 510-93
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Adapter, 7/16 DIN (m) to 7/16 DIN (m), Part No. 510-96
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Adapter, 7/16 DIN (f) to 7/16 DIN (f), Part No. 510-97
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Armored Test Port Extension Cable, 1.5 meter, N (m) to N (f), Part No. 15NNF50-1.5A
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1-2
Armored Test Port Extension Cable, 3.0 meter, N (m) to N (f), Part No. 15NNF50-3.0A
Armored Test Port Extension Cable, 5.0 meter, N (m) to N (f), Part No. 15NNF50-5.0A
Page 9
Chapter 1 General Information
Armored Test Port Extension Cable, 1.5 meter, N (m) to
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N (m), Part No. 15NN50-1.5A Armored Test Port Extension Cable, 3.0 meter, N (m) to
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N (m), Part No. 15NN50-3.0A Armored Test Port Extension Cable, 5.0 meter, N (m) to
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N (m), Part No. 15NN50-5.0A Armored Test Port Extension Cable, 1.5 meter, N (m) to
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7/16 DIN (f), Part No. 15NDF50-1.5A Armored Test Port Extension Cable, 1.5 meter, N (m) to
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7/16 DIN (m), Part No. 15ND50-1.5A RF Detector, 1 to 3000 MHz, N(m) input connector, 50 Ohms, Part No. 5400-71N50
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Transit Case for Site Master, Part No. 760-215A
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HP Deskjet 340 Printer, Part No. 2000-766
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Serial-to-Parallel Converter Cable (use with the HP 340 Printer), Part No. 2000-753
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Seiko DPU-414 Thermal Printer, Part No. 2000-754 (U.S.) or
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2000-761 (Europe) US Adapter (use with the DPU-414 Printer),
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Part No. 2000-1002 Europe Adapter (use with the DPU-414 Printer)
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Part No. 2000-1003
· Battery Pack (use with the DPU-414 Printer)
Part No. 2000-1004
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Serial Interface Cable (use with the DPU-414 Printer), Part No. 2000-10012
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Thermal Paper (use with the DPU-411/DPU-414 Printer), Part No. 2000-755
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Rechargeable Battery, NiMH Part No. 633-27
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Battery Charger, NiMH only Part No. 2000-1029
Performance Specifications
Performance specifications are provided in Table 1-1, on the following page.
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Chapter 1 General Information
Table 1-1. Performance Specifications (1 of 2)
Specifications are valid when the unit is calibrated at ambient temperature after a 5 minute warmup.
Description
Site Master: Frequency Range:
S251B 625 to 2500 MHz Frequency Accuracy (RF Source Mode): 75 parts per million @ 25°C* Frequency Resolution: 10 kHz SWR:
Range Resolution
Return Loss:
Range Resolution
**Distance-To-Fault (DTF):
Range (in meters) Resolution (in meters) (Rectangular Windowing)
Insertion Loss/Gain
Range: Resolution
RF Source
Frequency Power Output (nominal)
Wattmeter Power Monitor:
Range Offset Range
Resolution
Test Port, Type N 50 Ohms ***Immunity to Interfering signals
up to the level of: RF Out
RF In
Maximum Input (Damage Level):
Test Port, Type N RF Detector
Measurement Accuracy: Measurement accuracy depends on calibration components. Precision calibration load provides a corrected directivity of 42 dB.
Cable Insertion Loss:
Range Resolution
1.00 to 65.00
0.01
0.00 to 54.00 dB
0.01 dB
0 to (Resolution x dp)
(. )( )15 108´ V
Where V the cable . dp is the number of data points (128, 256,
512). DF is F2 - F1 (in Hz.)
–120.00 to 100.00 dB
0.01 dB
625 to 2500 MHz @ 10 kHz step selectable, – 30 dBm or+6dBm
–80.0 to +80 dBm or
10.0 pW to 100.0 kW 0 to +60.0 dB
0.1 dB or
0.1 xW
+10 dBm, reflection + 30 dBc transmission
+22 dBm +20 dBm
0.00 to 54.00 dB
0.01 dB
f
D
F
is the relative propagation velocity of
f
Value
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Chapter 1 General Information
Table 1-2. Performance Specifications (2 of 2)
Bias Tee
input voltage: output current:
General Internal Memory:
Trace Memory
Instrument config. RS-232
Electromagnetic Compatibility Meets European community requirements for
Power Supply:
External DC Input +12.5 to +15 Vdc, 1100 mA max.
Temperature:
Storage
Operation Weight: 1.82 kg (4.0 pounds) Dimensions: 25.4 x 17.8 x 6.1 cm
* ±2 ppm/D°C from 25°C ** Fault location is accomplished by inverse Fourier Transformation of data taken with the Site Master. Resolution and maximum range depend on the number of frequency data points, frequency sweep range and relative propagation veloc­ity of the cable being tested. *** Immunity measurement is made in CW mode with incoming interfering signal exactly at the same frequency (worst case situation). Typical immunity is better when swept frequency is used.
12.5 to 15.0 Vdc 270 ma maximum surge, 25 ms 240 ma maximum steady
200 maximum 10 setup locations with associated calibration 9 pin D-sub, three wire serial
CE marking
–20° C to 75° C
0° C to 50° C
(10x7x2.4inches)
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Chapter 1 General Information
Preventive Maintenance
Site Master preventive maintenance consists of cleaning the unit and inspecting and clean ing the RF connectors on the instrument and all accessories.
Clean the Site Master with a soft, lint-free cloth dampened with water or water and a mild cleaning solution.
CAUTION: To avoid damaging the display or case, do not use solvents or abra sive cleaners.
Clean the RF connectors and center pins with a cotton swab dampened with denatured alco hol. Visually inspect the connectors. The fingers of the N (f) connectors and the pins of the N (m) connectors should be unbroken and uniform in appearance. If you are unsure whether the connectors are good, gauge the connectors to confirm that the dimensions are correct.
Visually inspect the test port cable(s). The test port cable should be uniform in appearance, not stretched, kinked, dented, or broken.
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1-6
Page 13
Chapter 1 General Information
Calibration
The Site Master is a field portable unit operating in the rigors of the test environment. An Open-Short-Load (OSL) or Open-Short-Load-Through (OSLT) calibration should be per formed prior to making a measurement in the field. A built-in temperature sensor in the Site Master advises the user, via an icon located on the right side of the LCD screen, that the in ternal temperature has exceeded a safety window, and the user is advised to perform an other OSL or OSLT calibration in order to maintain the integrity of the measurement.
NOTES: For best calibration results—compensation for all measurement uncertain ties—ensure that the Open/ Short/Load is at the end of the test port or optional extension cable; that is, at the same point that you will connect the antenna or device to be tested.
For best results, use a phase stable Test Port Extension Cable (see Optional Accessories). If you use a typical laboratory cable to extend the Site Master test port to the device under test, cable bending subsequent to the OSL or OSLT calibration will cause uncompensated phase reflections inside the cable. Thus, cables which are NOT phase stable may cause measurement errors that are more pronounced as the test frequency increases.
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For optimum calibration, Anritsu recommends using precision calibration components.
Annual Verification
Anritsu recommends an annual calibration and performance verification of the Site Master and the OSL calibration components by local Anritsu service centers. Anritsu service cen­ters are listed in Table 1-2 on the following page.
The Site Master itself is self-calibrating, meaning that there are no field-adjustable compo nents. However, the OSL calibration components are crucial to the integrity of the calibra tion and therefore, must be verified periodically to ensure performance conformity. This is especially important is the OSL calibration components have been accidentally dropped or over-torqued.
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Chapter 1 General Information
Table 1-2. Anritsu Service Centers
UNITED STATES
ANRITSU COMPANY 685 Jarvis Drive Morgan Hill, CA 95037-2809 Telephone: (408) 776-8300,
1-800-ANRITSU
FAX: 408-776-1744
ANRITSU COMPANY 10 New Maple Ave., Unit 305 Pine Brook, NJ 07058 Telephone: (201) 227-8999,
1-800-ANRITSU
FAX: 201-575-0092
ANRITSU COMPANY 1155E. Collins Blvd Richardson, TX 75081 Telephone: 1-800-ANRITSU FAX: 972-671-1877
AUSTRALIA
ANRITSU PTY. LTD. Unit 3, 170 Foster Road Mt. Waverley, VIC 3149 Australia Telephone: 03-9558-8177 Fax: 03-9558-8255
BRAZIL
ANRITSU ELECTRONICALTDA. Praia de Botafogo 440, Sala 2401 CEP 22250-040,Rio de Janeiro,RJ, Brasil Telephone: 021-28-69-141 Fax: 021-53-71-456
CANADA
ANRITSU INSTRUMENTS LTD. 215 Stafford Road, Unit 102 Nepean, Ontario K2H 9C1 Telephone: (613) 828-4090 FAX: (613) 828-5400
CHINA
ANRITSU BEIJING SERVICE CENTER Beijing Fortune Building 416W, 5 Dong San Huan Bei Lu Chaoyang qu Beijing 100004, China Telephone: 011065909237 FAX: 011065909236
FRANCE
ANRITSU S.A 9 Avenue du Quebec Zone de Courtaboeuf 91951 Les Ulis Cedex Telephone: 016-44-66-546 FAX: 016-44-61-065
GERMANY
ANRITSU GmbH Grafenberger Allee 54-56 D-40237 Dusseldorf, Germany Telephone: 0211-96 85 50 FAX: 0211-96 85 555
INDIA
MEERA AGENCIES (P) LTD A-23 Hauz Khas New Delhi 110 016 Telephone: 011-685-3959 FAX: 011-686-6720
ISRAEL
TECH-CENT, LTD Haarad St. No. 7, Ramat Haahayal Tel-Aviv 69701 Telephone: (03) 64-78-563 FAX: (03) 64-78-334
ITALY
ANRITSU Sp.A Rome Office Via E. Vittorini, 129 00144 Roma EUR Telephone: (06) 50-22-666 FAX: (06) 50-22-4252
JAPAN
ANRITSU CORPORATION 1800 Onna Atsugi-shi Kanagawa-Prf. 243 Japan Telephone: 0462-23-1111 FAX: 0462-25-8379
KOREA
ANRITSU CORPORATION LTD. #901 Daeo Bldg. 26-5 YeoidoDong, Youngdeungpo Seoul Korea 150 010 Telephone: 02-782-7156 FAX: 02-782-4590
SINGAPORE
ANRITSU (SINGAPORE) PTE LTD 3 Shenton Way #24-03 Shenton House Singapore 0106 Telephone: 022-65-206 FAX: 022-65-207
SOUTH AFRICA
ETESCSA 12 Surrey Square Office Park 330 Surrey Avenue Ferndale, Randburt, 2194 South Africa Telephone:01-11-787-7200 Fax: 01-11-787-0446
SWEDEN
ANRITSU AB Botvid Center S-1585 Stockholm, Sweden Telephone: (08) 534-717-00 FAX: (08) 534-717-30
TAIWAN
ANRITSU CO., LTD. 8F, No. 96, Section 3 Chien Kuo N. Road Taipei, Taiwan,R.O.C. Telephone: (02) 515-6050 FAX: (02) 509-5519
UNITED KINGDOM
ANRITSU LTD. 200 Capability Green Luton, Bedfordshire LU1 3LU, England Telephone: 015-82-41-88-53 FAX: 015-82-31-303
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Page 15
Chapter 2 Getting Started
Introduction
The Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH) Battery supplied with the Site Master is shipped in a discharged state. Before using the Site Master, the internal battery must first be charged for three hours, either in the Site Master or in the optional battery charger (Anritsu part num ber: 2000-1029).
Charging a New Battery
New batteries normally require three to five charge and discharge cycles before attaining maximum performance. The NiMH battery supplied with the Site Master has already com pleted three charge and discharge cycles at the factory and full battery performance should be realized after your first charge.
Charging the Battery in the Site Master
The battery can be charged while still installed in the Site Master.
Step 1. Turn the Site Master off. Step 2. Connect the AC-DC adapter (Anritsu part number: 40-115) to the Site Master
charging port.
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2
Step 3. Connect the AC adapter to a 120 VAC or 240 VAC power source as appropriate
for your application.
The green external power indicator on the Site Master will illuminate, indicating the presence of external DC power and the battery will begin charging. The indi cator will remain lit as long as the battery is charging. Once the battery is fully charged, the battery indicator will turn off. If the battery fails to charge, contact your nearest Anritsu service center.
Charging the Battery in the Optional Charger
Up to two batteries can be charged simultaneously in the optional battery charger.
Step 1. Remove the NiMH battery from your Site Master and place it in the optional
charger (Anritsu part number: 2000-1029).
Step 2. Connect the lead from the AC-DC adapter to the charger. Step 3. Connect the AC-DC adapter to a 120 VAC or 240 VAC power source as appro
priate for your application.
Each battery holder in the optional charger has an LED charging status indicator. The LED color changes as the battery is charged:
Red indicates the battery is charging Green indicates the battery is fully charged Yellow indicates the battery is in a waiting state (see below).
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Page 16
Chapter 2 Getting Started
A yellow light may occur because the battery became too warm during the charge cycle. The charger will allow the battery to cool off before continuing the charge. A yellow light may also indicate that the charger is alternating charge to each of the two batteries.
A blinking red light indicates less than 13 VDC is being supplied to the charger stand. Check that the correct AC charger adapter is connected to the charger stand.
If a battery fails to charge, contact your nearest Anritsu Service Center.
You can charge the battery anytime. However, NiMH battery will last longer and perform better if allowed to completely discharge before recharging. For maximum battery life, it is recommended that the NiMH battery be completely discharged and recharged once every three months.
Battery Charge Indicator
When the AC-DC adapter is unplugged from the Site Master, the battery indicator symbol will be continuously displayed at the top left corner of the Site Master display (Figure 2-1).
Battery Indicator
625.0
1384.45 MHz
2096.66 MHz
MODE
FREQ/DIST
Site Master S251B
2500.0
AMPLITUDE
SWEEP
START CAL
SAVE SETUP
LIMIT
SAVE DISPLAY
ON OFF
1
3
5
7
9
AUTO SCALE
RECALL SETUP
MARKER
RECALL DISPLAY
PRINT
ESCAPE
CLEAR
2
4
6
ENTER
8
RUN
HOLD
+
0
SYS
.
Figure 2-1. Site Master Battery Indicator
A totally black bar indicates a fully charged battery. When
LOW BATT replaces the battery
indicator bar at the top left corner, a couple of minutes of measurement time remains. If a flashing
LOW BATT is accompanied by an audio beep at the end of each trace, the battery
has approximately one minute of useable time remaining.
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Page 17
Chapter 2 Getting Started
The battery status can also be checked by pressing the SYS key and the STATUS soft key. The Status table will display the remaining battery charge as a percent, as shown below.
STATUS
OSL CALIBRATION
FREQUENCY = 2.0 – 1000 MHz CAL TEMPERATURE (24–54° C)
CURRENT TEMPERATURE = 38° C BATTERY CHARGE = 75%
PRESS ESCAPE TO CONTINUE
Figure 2-2. Example Status Table Display
Once all the power has drained from the battery, the Site Master display will fade. At this point, your Site Master will switch itself off and the battery will need to be recharged.
Discharging the NiMH Battery
The NiMH battery will last longer and perform better if allowed to completely discharge before recharging. For maximum battery life, it is recommended that the NiMH battery be completely discharged and recharged once every three months.
To discharge the battery, leave the Site Master switched on until the battery is drained. The Site Master will display a gins to run low. Allow the battery to fully discharge until the Site Master switches itself off.
NOTE: Do not attempt to discharge the battery by any other means. Never short-circuit the battery terminals.
LOW BATT message and an audio warning when the battery be-
Battery Life
It is normal for NiMH batteries to self-discharge during storage. To minimize battery dis charge during storage, it is recommended that the battery be removed from the Site Master if the Site Master is not to be used for a long period of time.
It is normal for NiMH battery to degrade to 80% of original capacity after 12 months of continuous use.
The battery can be charged and discharged 300 to 500 times, but it will eventually wear out. The battery may need to be replaced when the operating time between charging is notice ably shorter than normal.
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Important Battery Information
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Page 18
Chapter 2 Getting Started
With a new NiMH battery, full performance is achieved after three to five complete
·
charge and discharge cycles. Use only Anritsu approved battery packs.
·
Recharge the battery only in the Site Master or in an Anritsu approved charger.
·
When the Site Master or the charger is not in use, disconnect it from the power source.
·
Do not charge batteries for longer than 24 hours; overcharging may shorten battery life.
·
If left unused a fully charged battery will discharge itself over time.
·
Discharge an NiMH battery from time to time to improve battery performance and bat
·
tery life. The battery can be charged and discharged hundreds of times, but it will eventually wear
·
out. The battery may need to be replaced when the operating time between charging is notice
·
ably shorter than normal. Do not short-circuit the battery terminals.
·
Do not drop, mutilate or attempt to disassemble the battery.
·
Never use a damaged or worn out charger or battery.
·
Always use the battery for its intended purpose only.
·
Temperature extremes will affect the ability of the battery to charge: allow the battery to
·
cool down or warm up as necessary before use or charging.
·
Storing the battery in extreme hot or cold places will reduce the capacity and lifetime of the battery.
·
Do not dispose of batteries in a fire!
·
Batteries must be recycled or disposed of properly. Do not place batteries in garbage.
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Page 19
Chapter 3
S
Functions and Operations
Introduction
This chapter provides a brief overview of the Site Master functions and operations, provid ing the user with a starting point for making basic measurements. For more detailed infor mation, refer to Chapter 4, Measurements and Chapter 5, Software Tools.
The Site Master is designed specifically for field environments and applications requiring mobility. As such, it is a lightweight, handheld, battery operated unit which can be easily carried to any location, and is capable of up to 2.5 hours of continuous operation from a fully charged battery. Built-in energy conservation features allow battery life to be extended over an eight-hour workday. The Site Master can also be powered by a 12.5 Vdc external source. The external source can be either the Anritsu AC-DC Adapter (P/N 40-115) or 12.5 Vdc Automotive Cigarette Lighter Adapter (P/N 806-62). Both items are standard accesso ries.
Front Panel Overview
The Site Master menu-driven user interface is easy to use and requires little training. Mode, Frequency, Amplitude and Sweep function keys are located just below the display and are easily configured for optimum measurements. Selection of one of these keys brings up a function-specific menu on the right hand side of the display. The softkeys adjacent to the display provide access to the various menu items (See Figure 3-1).
-
-
-
3
625.0
1384.45 MHz
2096.66 MHz
MODE
FREQ/DIST
Figure 3-1. Site Master Soft Keys
Site Master S251B
2500.0
AMPLITUDE
SWEEP
START CAL
SAVE SETUP
LIMIT
SAVE DISPLAY
ON
OFF
ESCAPE
CLEAR
2
1
AUTO SCALE
3
4
RECALL SETUP
6
5
MARKER
ENTER
8
7
RECALL
RUN
DISPLAY
HOLD
PRINT
+
0
-
/
SYS
.
9
SOFT KEY
3-1
Page 20
Chapter 3 Functions and Operations
Test Connector Panel
The connectors and indicators located on the test panel are listed and described below.
12.5-15VDC (1100 mA)
When using the AC-DC Adapter, always use a three-wire power cable connected to a three-wire power line outlet. If power is supplied without grounding the equip ment in this manner, there is a risk of receiving a severe or fatal electric shock.
Battery Charging
External Power
Serial Interface
RF Out RF output, 50 W impedance, for reflection measurements.
RF In RF input 50 W impedance for transmission loss or gain measurement.
RF Detector RF detector input for the Power Monitor.
12.5 to 15 Vdc @ 1100 mA input to power the unit or for battery charging.
WARNING
Illuminates when the battery is being charged. The indicator automatically shuts off when the battery is fully charged.
Illuminates when the Site Master is being powered by the external charging unit.
RS232 DB9 interface to a COM port on a personal computer (for use with the Anritsu Software Tools program) or to a supported printer.
-
3-2
Page 21
Chapter 3 Functions and Operations
Keypad Controls
This section contains an alphabetical listing of the Site Master front panel keypad controls along with a brief description of each. More detailed descriptions of the major function keys follow.
Turns the liquid crystal display (LCD) back-lighting ON or OFF. (Leaving back lighting off conserves battery power.)
LCD Contrast adjust. Use the Up/Down arrow key and play contrast.
AMPLITUDE Displays the amplitude or scale menu of the current operating mode.
NOTE: The AMPLITUDE and LIMIT keys are functionally identical.
AUTO SCALE
ENTER Implements certain menu and key selections.
ESCAPE
CLEAR
FREQ/DIST Displays the Frequency or Distance menu depending on the measurement mode.
LIMIT Displays the amplitude or scale menu of the current operating mode.
MARKER Displays the marker menu of the current operating mode.
Automatically scales the display for optimum resolution.
Exits the present operation or clears the display. If a parameter is being edited, pressing this key will clear the value currently being entered and restore the last valid entry. Pressing this key again will close the parameter. During normal sweeping, pressing this key will move up one menu level.
ENTER to adjust the dis
-
MODE Opens the mode selection box (below). Use the Up/Down arrow key to select a
mode. Press the
MEASUREMENT MODE
FREQ - SWR
DTF - SWR
POWER MONITOR RF SOURCE
Figure 3-2. Mode Selection Box
ENTER key to implement.
RETURN LOSS
CABLE LOSS - ONE PORT INSERTION LOSS (+6 dBm) INSERTION LOSS (–30 dBm)
RETURN LOSS
3-3
Page 22
Chapter 3 Functions and Operations
ON
OFF
Turns the Site Master on or off. When turned on, the system state at the last turn-off is restored. If the
ESCAPE/CLEAR key is held down, the factory preset
state is restored.
PRINT Prints the current display to the selected printer via the RS232 serial port.
RECALL DISPLAY
Recalls a previously saved trace from memory. When the key is pressed, a Re call Trace selection box appears on the display. Select a trace using the Up/Down arrow key and press the
To erase a saved trace, highlight the trace and select the
ENTER key to implement.
DELETE TRACE
softkey. To erase all saved traces, select the DELETE ALL TRACES softkey.
RECALL SETUP
Recalls a previously saved setup from memory location 1 through 10. When the key is pressed, a setup using the Up/Down arrow key and press the
RECALL SETUP selection box appears on the display. Select a
ENTER key to implement.
Setup 0 recalls the factory preset state.
RUN
HOLD
When in the Hold mode, this key starts the Site Master sweeping and provides a Single Sweep Mode trigger; when in the Run mode, it pauses the sweep. When in the Hold mode, the hold symbol (page 3-23) appears on the LCD. Hold mode conserves battery power.
SAVE DISPLAY
Saves up to 200 displayed traces to non-volatile memory. When the key is pressed,
TRACE NAME: appears in the lower left of the display. Save the dis-
play with up to 16 alphanumeric characters for that trace name and press the
ENTER key to implement.
-
SAVE SETUP
START CAL
Saves the current system setup to 1 of 10 internal non-volatile memory loca­tions. When the key is pressed, a play. Use the Up/Down arrow key to select a setup and press the
SAVE SETUP selection box appears on the dis-
ENTER key to
implement.
Starts the calibration in SWR, Return Loss, Cable Loss, insertion loss, insertion gain, or DTF measurement modes. Follow the text in the lower left message area that instructs you to do the following:
q
CONNECT OPEN TO RF out PORT, Press ENTER
The Site Master then measures the calibration “open” that you must attach to the end of the test port or to the end of the test port cable attached to the RF Out port.
q
CONNECT SHORT TO RF out PORT, Press ENTER
The Site Master then measures the calibration “short” that you must attach to the end of the test port or to the end of the test port cable attached to the RF Out port.
q
CONNECT LOAD TO RF out PORT, Press ENTER
The Site Master then measures the 50W load that you must attach to the end of the test port or to the end of the test port cable attached to the RF Out port.
3-4
Page 23
Chapter 3 Functions and Operations
NOTE: The combined measurements of an open, a short, and a known-impedance load normalizes the measurement system to account for uncertainties intro
-
duced by measurement-system components (e.g., cables, connectors, etc.).
CONNECT LOADS TO RF Out PORT and RF In PORT, Press ENTER.
q
The Site Master then measures the isolation between the RF Out port and the RF In port, or between the test port cables attached to the RF Out and RF In ports.
CONNECT RF Out PORT to RF In PORT, Press ENTER.
q
The Site Master then measures the through path between the RF Out port and the RF In port, or between the ends of the test port cables connected to the ports.
SWEEP Displays the Sweep function soft key menu for the current operating mode.
SYS Displays the System menu softkey selections.
Up/Down Arrow Key
Increments or decrements a parameter value or chooses an item from a list which can then be selected with the
ENTER key.
NOTE: At turn on, before any other keys are pressed, the Up/Down arrow key may be used to adjust display contrast.
3-5
Page 24
Chapter 3 Functions and Operations
Soft Keys
Each keypad key opens a set of soft key selections. Each of the soft keys has a correspond ing soft key label area on the display. The label identifies the function of the soft key for the current Mode selection.
NOTE: The AMPLITUDE and LIMIT keys are functionally identical.
Figures 3-3 through 3-8 show the soft key labels for each Mode selection.
FREQ/DIST
F1
F2
AMPLITUDE
TOP
BOTTOM
LIMIT
LIMIT BEEP
ON/OFF
EDIT
SEGMENT
SWEEP
RESOLU­TION
SINGLE SWEEP
TRACE
MATH
TRACE
OVERLAY
ON/OFF
-
130
259
517
SCROLL
SEGMENT
SELECT
SEGMENT
BACK
Figure 3-3. Frequency Mode Soft Key Labels
FULL
SPAN
TOP OF
LIST
PAGE
UP
PAGE
DOWN
BOTTOM
OF
LIST
DELETE
TRACE
DELETE
ALL
TRACES
SELECT
TRACE
BACK
3-6
Page 25
MODE=POWER MONITOR:
Chapter 3 Functions and Operations
SOFTKEYS:
Figure 3-4. Power Monitor Mode Soft Key Labels
UNITS
REL
OFFSET
ZERO
3-7
Page 26
Chapter 3 Functions and Operations
FREQ/DIST
D1
D2
DTF AID
MORE
LOSS
PROP
VEL
CABLE
WINDOW
ON/OFF
EDIT
SEGMENT
SCROLL
SEGMENT
FULL SPAN
SELECT
SEGMENT
BACK
AMPLITUDE
TOP
BOTTOM
LIMIT
LIMIT BEEP
TOP OF
LIST
PAGE
UP
PAGE
DOWN
BOTTOM
OF
LIST
SWEEP
RESOLU­TION
SINGLE SWEEP
TRACE
MATH
TRACE
OVERLAY
ON/OFF
SELECT
TRACE
BACK
BACK
Figure 3-5. Distance to Fault Mode Soft Key Labels
3-8
DELETE
TRACE
DELETE
ALL
TRACES
Page 27
ON/OFF
EDIT
ON/OFF
EDIT
Chapter 3 Functions and Operations
MARKER
8
M1
M2
M3
M4
ON/OFF
MARKER
TO
PEAK
MARKER
TO
VALLEY
BACK
DELTA
M2-M1
MARKER
TO
PEAK
MARKER
TO
VALLEY
BACK
Figure 3-6. Marker Key Soft Key Labels
ALL OFF
ON/OFF
EDIT
DELTA
M3-M1
MARKER
TO
PEAK
MARKER
TO
VALLEY
BACK
EDIT
DELTA
M4-M1
MARKER
TO
PEAK
MARKER
TO
VALLEY
BACK
3-9
Page 28
Chapter 3 Functions and Operations
SAVE DISPLAY
9
ABC
DEF
GHI
JKL
MNO PQR
STU
VWX
YZ
-./
SPACE
BACK
SPACE
Figure 3-7. Save Display and Recall Display Soft Key Menus
RECALL DISPLAY
0
TOP
OF
LIST
PAGE
UP
PAGE
DOWN
BOTTOM
OF
LIST
DELETE
TRACE
DELETE
ALL
TRACES
Figure 3-8. SYS Key Soft Key Menus
UNITS
PRINTER
FIXED
CW
CHANGE
DATE
FORMAT
BIAS
TEE
SYS
OPTIONS
CLOCK
SELF TEST
HOUR
STATUS
MINUTE
MONTH
DAY
YEAR
BACK
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Chapter 3 Functions and Operations
FREQ/DIST Displays the frequency or distance menu depending on the measurement mode.
Frequency Menu
Distance Menu
Distance Sub-Menu
Provides for setting sweep frequency end points when
FREQ mode is selected.
Selected frequency values may be changed using the keypad or Up/Down arrow key.
F1 — Opens the F1 parameter for data entry. This is the start value for the
q
frequency sweep. Press
F2 — Opens the F2 parameter for data entry. This is the stop value for the
q
frequency sweep. Press
ENTER when data entry is complete.
ENTER when data entry is complete.
Provides for setting Distance to Fault parameters when a DTF mode is selected. Choosing
DIST causes the soft keys, below, to be displayed and the correspond
ing values to be shown in the message area. Selected distance values may be changed using the keypad or Up/Down arrow key.
D1 — Opens the start distance (D1) parameter for data entry. This is the start
q
value for the distance range. Press
D2 — Opens the end distance (D2) parameter for data entry. This is the end
q
value for the distance range. Press
DTF AID — Provides interactive help to optimize DTF set up parameters.
q
ENTER when data entry is complete.
ENTER when data entry is complete.
You will be prompted for system parameter values of maximum distance, fre­quency span, and propagation velocity.
MORE — Selects the Distance Sub-Menu, detailed below.
q
Provides for setting the cable loss and relative propagation velocity of the coax­ial cable. Selected values may be changed using the Up/Down arrow key or key­pad.
-
q
LOSS — Opens the Cable Loss parameter for data entry. Enter the loss per
foot (or meter) for the type of transmission line being tested. Press
ENTER
when data entry is complete. (Range is 0.000 to 5.000 dB/m)
q
PROP VEL (relative propagation velocity) — Opens the Propagation Veloc
ity parameter for data entry. Enter the propagation velocity for the type of transmission line being tested. Press
ENTER when data entry is complete.
(Range is 0.010 to 1.000)
q
CABLE — Opens a common coaxial cable folder and custom coaxial cable
folder. Select either folder and use the Up/Down arrow key and
ENTER key
to make a selection. This feature provides a rapid means of setting both cable loss and propagation velocity. (Refer to Appendix A for a listing of common coaxial cables showing values for “Relative Propagation Velocity” and “Nominal Attenuation in dB/m @ 1000 MHz”.) The custom cable folder con sists of up to 49 user-defined cable parameters downloaded via the Site Mas ter Software Tools program.
q
WINDOW — Opens a menu of FFT windowing types for the DTF calcula
tion. Scroll the menu using the Up/Down arrow key and make a selection with the
ENTER key.
-
-
-
-
3-11
Page 30
Chapter 3 Functions and Operations
NOTE: Using windowing: The theoretical requirement for inverse FFT is for the data to extend from zero frequency to infinity. Side lobes appear around a discontinuity due to the fact that the spectrum is cut off at a finite frequency. Windowing reduces the side lobes by smoothing out the sharp transitions at the beginning and end of the frequency sweep. As the side lobes are reduced the main lobe widens thereby reducing the resolution.
In situations where there may be a small discontinuity close to a large one, side lobe reduction Windowing should be used. When distance resolution is critical Windowing can be reduced. The types of Windowing in order of increasing side lobe reduction are: rectangular, nominal side lobe, low side lobe, minimum side lobe. Figures 3-9 thru 3-12, on pages 3-13 and 3-14, are examples of the types of Windowing.
BACK — Returns to the Distance Menu.
q
3-12
Page 31
Chapter 3 Functions and Operations
D istance To Fault
-5
-1 0
-1 5
-2 0
-2 5
R e tu rn L o s s (d B )
-3 0
-3 5
-4 0
-4 5
-5 0
10
5
15
Figure 3-9. Rectangular Windowing Example
-5
-1 0
-1 5
-2 0
25
20
D istance To Fault
30 35 40
Feet
45 50
55 60
-2 5
R e tu rn L o s s (d B )
-3 0
-3 5
-4 0
-4 5
-5 0
10
5
20 25
15
Figure 3-10. Nominal Side Lobe Windowing Example
30
Feet
35
45
40
55
50
60
3-13
Page 32
Chapter 3 Functions and Operations
-5
-1 0
-1 5
-2 0
-2 5
D istance To Fault
R e tu rn L o s s (d B )
-3 0
-3 5
-4 0
-4 5
-5 0
510
15
Figure 3-11. Low Side Lobe Windowing Example
-5
-1 0
-1 5
-2 0
20 25 30
D istance To Fault
35 40 45
Feet
50 55
60
-2 5
R e tu rn L o s s (d B )
-3 0
-3 5
-4 0
-4 5
-5 0
5
10
20 25
15
Figure 3-12. Minimum Side Lobe Windowing Example
3-14
30 35 40
Feet
45
55 60
50
Page 33
Chapter 3 Functions and Operations
AMPLITUDE Displays the amplitude or scale menu depending on the measurement mode.
Amplitude Menu
Segment Limit Line Sub-Menu
Provides for changing the display scale and selects segment limit lines. Selected values may be changed using the Up/Down arrow key or keypad.
Choosing
AMPLITUDE in FREQ or DTF measurement modes causes the soft
keys, below, to be displayed and the corresponding values to be shown in the message area.
Pressing the
TOP — Opens the top parameter for data entry and provides for setting the
q
top scale value. Press
BOTTOM — Opens the bottom parameter for data entry and provides for set
q
ting the bottom scale value. Press
LIMIT — Opens the segment limit line selection table and the segment limit
q
LIMIT key on the keypad will also call up this menu.
ENTER when data entry is complete.
ENTER when data entry is complete.
line sub menu (see below). Use the Up/Down arrow key to select one of the five segment limit lines. Press the
LIMIT BEEP — Toggles the Limit beep sound on or off. When on, the Site
q
ENTER key to select.
Master sounds a beep when the measured value is above any of the segment limit lines.
Provides for setting each of the five segment limit lines. Selected values may be changed using the Up/Down arrow keys or the keypad.
ON/OFF — Toggles the selected segment limit line on or off.
q
q
EDIT SEGMENT — Opens the selected segment limit line parameter table
for data entry. Use the Up/Down arrow and
ENTER key to select the segment
limit line parameter (start freq, start limit, stop freq, or stop limit) to edit. Use the Up/Down arrow keys or the keypad to edit the parameter value. Press the
ENTER key when done editing, or press ESCAPE to revert to the
previous value.
-
q
SCROLL SEGMENT — Opens the selected segment limit line for scrolling.
Use the Up/Down arrow key to scroll the selected limit line up and down the amplitude display. Press the
CAPE
to revert to the previous value.
q
FULL SPAN — Span the selected segment limit line to the full frequency
ENTER key when done scrolling, or press ES
display (F1 to F2).
NOTE: The Start and Stop limit values remain at the segment limit line value.
q
SELECT SEGMENT — Opens the segment selection table. Use the
Up/Down arrow key to select the current active segment limit line on the dis play.
q
BACK — Returns to the Amplitude (or Limit) menu.
SWEEP Displays the Sweep function soft key menu for the current operating mode.
3-15
-
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Chapter 3 Functions and Operations
Sweep Menu Provides for changing the display resolution, single or continuous sweep, and
access to the Trace Math functions. Choosing
SWEEP in FREQ or DTF measurement modes causes the soft keys
below to be displayed.
RESOLUTION — Opens the display to change the resolution. Choose 130,
q
259, or 517 data points. (Not active in DTF mode. In DTF mode, resolution can be adjusted through the DTF-AID table.)
SINGLE SWEEP — Toggles the sweep between single sweep and continu
q
ous sweep. In single sweep mode, each sweep must be activated by the
RUN/HOLD button. TRACE MATH — Opens up the Trace Math functions (trace-memory or
q
trace+memory) for comparison of the real time trace in the display with any of the traces from memory. (Not available in DTF mode.)
TRACE OVERLAY — Selects the Trace Overlay function and opens the
q
trace overlay sub-menu.
NOTE: The trace overlay function is valid only for traces in memory that have the same measurement mode, number of data points, and frequency or distance range as the currently displayed trace.
Trace Overlay Sub-Menu
The trace overlay sub-menu is used to turn the trace overlay function on or off and for selecting the overlay trace from memory.
-
q
ON/OFF — Toggles the trace overlay function on and off. If trace overlay is
currently off, selecting on will bring up the trace memory selection table and sub-menu.
q
SELECT TRACE — Opens the trace memory selection table and the Select
Trace sub-menu. Press
ENTER to select a trace from the table. The Select
Trace sub-menu choices are:
q
TOP OF LIST — Move the selection cursor to the top (first) memory lo
cation.
q
PAGE UP — Move the selection cursor to the top of the previous trace
memory location page. Each page contains 15 trace memory locations.
q
PAGE DOWN — Move the selection cursor to the top of the next trace
memory location page.
q
BOTTOM OF LIST — Move the selection cursor to the bottom (last)
memory location.
q
DELETE TRACE — Delete the selected trace from memory. This option
is not available when using Trace Overlay.
q
DELETE ALL TRACES — Delete all traces from memory. This option is
not available when using Trace Overlay.
q
BACK — Return to the Sweep menu.
-
3-16
Page 35
Chapter 3 Functions and Operations
MARKER Choosing MARKER causes the soft keys, below, to be displayed and the corre
sponding values to be shown in the message area. Selected frequency marker or distance marker values may be changed using the keypad or Up/Down arrow key.
M1 — Selects the M1 marker parameter and opens the Markers second level
q
menu.
M2 — Selects the M2 marker parameter and opens the Markers second level
q
menu.
M3 — Selects the M3 marker parameter and opens the Markers second level
q
menu.
M4 — Selects the M4 marker parameter and opens the Markers second level
q
menu.
ALL OFF — Turns all markers off.
q
Markers (second level)
Provides for turning the selected marker on and off and for setting marker val ues. Selected frequency marker and distance marker values can be changed us ing the keypad or Up/Down arrow key.
Choosing
M1, M2, M3,orM4 in FREQ or DTF measurement modes causes the
soft keys, below, to be displayed and the corresponding values to be shown in the message area.
ON/OFF — Turns the selected marker on or off.
q
-
-
-
EDIT — Opens the selected marker parameter for data entry. Press ENTER
q
when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to restore the previous value.
q
DELTA (Mx-M1) — Displays delta amplitude value for as well as delta fre-
quency or distance for the selected marker with respect to the M1 marker.
q
MARKER TO PEAK — Places the selected marker at the frequency or dis-
tance with the maximum amplitude value.
q
MARKER TO VALLEY — Places the selected marker at the frequency or dis
tance with the minimum amplitude value.
q
BACK — Returns to the Main Markers Menu.
-
3-17
Page 36
Chapter 3 Functions and Operations
SYS Displays the System menu softkey selections.
OPTIONS — Displays a second level of functions.
q
CLOCK — Displays a second level of functions.
q
SELF TEST — Start an instrument self test.
q
STATUS — Displays instrument status.
q
Options Sub-Menu
Clock Sub-Menu
UNITS — Select the unit of measurement (English or metric).
q
PRINTER — Displays a menu of supported printers. Use the Up/Down arrow
q
key and
FIXED CW — Toggles the fixed CW function ON or OFF. When ON, sweep
q
ENTER key to make the selection.
time is reduced and immunity to RF interference is less. When OFF, (normal mode) the unit provides maximum RF interference immunity.
CHANGE DATE FORMAT — Toggles the date format between MM/DD/YY,
q
DD/MM/YY, and YY/MM/DD.
BIAS TEE — Toggles Bias Tee on and off.
q
HOUR — Enter the hour (0-23) using the Up/Down arrow key or the keypad.
q
Press
ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to restore the previous
value.
MINUTE — Enter the minute (0-59) using the Up/Down arrow key or the
q
keypad. Press
ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to restore the
previous value.
q
MONTH — Enter the month (1-12) using the Up/Down arrow key or the key-
pad. Press
ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to restore the pre-
vious value.
q
DAY — Enter the day using the Up/Down arrow key or the keypad. Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to restore the previous
value.
SAVE DISPLAY
3-18
q
YEAR — Enter the year (1997-2036) using the Up/Down arrow key or the
keypad. Press
ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to restore the
previous value.
q
BACK — Returns to the top-level SYS menu.
Choosing Save Display activates the alphanumeric menu for trace storage. Use the soft keys to enter a label for the saved trace.
For example, to save a display with the name “TRACE1” press the soft key for the group that contains the letter “T” and then press the “T” soft key. Press the soft key for the group that contains the letter “R” then press the “R” soft key. Continue for the rest of the letters. Use the number keys on the numeric keypad to enter numbers. Use the softkeys and keypad as necessary to enter the entire name, then press
The
BACK SPACE softkey removes the currently highlighted letter in the trace
ENTER to complete the process.
name.
Page 37
Chapter 3 Functions and Operations
RECALL DISPLAY
Recalls a trace from memory for viewing or to be used as a trace overlay. Selec tions are:
TOP OF LIST — Move the selection cursor to the top (first) memory loca
q
-
tion.
PAGE UP — Move the selection cursor to the top of the previous trace
q
memory location page. Each page contains 15 trace memory locations.
PAGE DOWN — Move the selection cursor to the top of the next trace mem
q
ory location page.
BOTTOM OF LIST — Move the selection cursor to the bottom (last) memory
q
location.
DELETE TRACE — Delete the selected trace from memory. This option is
q
not available when using Trace Overlay.
DELETE ALL TRACES — Delete all traces from memory. This option is not
q
available when using Trace Overlay.
-
-
3-19
Page 38
Chapter 3 Functions and Operations
Power Monitor Menu
Selecting POWER MONITOR from the Mode menu causes the soft keys, described below, to be displayed and the corresponding values shown in the message area.
UNITS — Toggles between dBm and Watts.
q
REL — Turns relative mode OFF, if currently ON. If relative mode is cur
q
rently OFF, turns it ON and causes the power level to be measured and saved as the base level. Subsequent measurements are then displayed relative to this saved value. With units of dBm, relative mode displays dBr; with units of Watts, relative mode displays % (percent).
OFFSET — Turns Offset OFF, if currently ON. If Offset is currently OFF,
q
turns it ON and opens the Offset parameter for data entry. Press when data entry is complete. Offset is the attenuation (in dB) inserted in the line between the DUT and the RF detector. The attenuation is added to the measured input level prior to dis play.
ZERO — Turns Zero OFF, if currently ON. If Zero is currently OFF, this
q
softkey turns it ON and initiates collection of a series of power level samples, which are averaged and saved. This saved value is then subtracted from sub­sequent measurements prior to display.
-
ENTER
-
3-20
Page 39
Printing
O
Chapter 3 Functions and Operations
Printing is accomplished by selecting an available printer and pressing the print key as de scribed below. Refer to the particular printer operating manual for specific printer settings.
Printing a Screen
Step 1. Connect the printer as shown in Figure 3-13.
Site Master S251B
FREQ/DIST
AMPLITUDE
2500.0
SWEEP
625.0
1384.45 MHz
2096.66 MHz
MODE
Figure 3-13. Site Master Printer Setup
ESCAPE
CLEAR
2
1
START
AUTO
CAL
SCALE
3
4
SAVE
RECALL
SETUP
SETUP
6
5
LIMIT
MARKER
ENTER
8
7
RECALL
RUN
SAVE
DISPLAY
DISPLAY
HOLD
+
9
0
-
/
PRINT
ON
SYS
OFF
.
SERIAL CABLE
2000-1012
SERIAL-TO-PARALLEL
INTERFACECABLE
2000-753
HP 340
DESKJET
SEIKO PRINTER
-
Step 2. Obtain the desired measurement display Step 3. Press the
Figure 3-14. SYS Key and OPTIONS Soft Key
SYS key and the OPTIONS soft key (Figure 3-14) .
Site Master S251B
625.0
1384.45 MHz
2096.66 MHz
MODE
FREQ/DIST
2500.0
AMPLITUDE
SWEEP
START CAL
SAVE SETUP
LIMIT
SAVE DISPLAY
OFF
PTIONS
ESCAPE
CLEAR
2
1
AUTO SCALE
3
4
RECALL SETUP
6
5
MARKER
ENTER
8
7
RECALL
RUN
DISPLAY
HOLD
9
ON
+
0
-
/
PRINT
SYS
.
SYS
3-21
Page 40
Chapter 3 Functions and Operations
PRINTER
Step 4. Press the PRINTER soft key and select from the displayed menu of supported
printers.
Step 5. Press the
PRINT key. (Figure 3-15).
625.0
1384.45 MHz
2096.66 MHz
MODE
FREQ/DIST
Site Master S251B
2500.0
AMPLITUDE
SWEEP
START CAL
SAVE SETUP
LIMIT
SAVE DISPLAY
ON OFF
ESCAPE
CLEAR
2
1
AUTO SCALE
3
4
RECALL SETUP
6
5
MARKER
ENTER
8
7
RECALL
RUN
DISPLAY
HOLD
9
+
0
-
/
PRINT
SYS
.
PRINT
Figure 3-15. PRINTER Soft Key and PRINT Key
Printer Switch Settings
Set the switches, SW1, SW2, and SW3 on the Seiko DPU-414 thermal printer as follows:
Switch
SW1 OFF ON ON ON ON OFF ON ON SW2 ON ON ON ON ON ON ON OFF SW3 ON ON ON OFF OFF ON ON ON
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Set the switches on the serial-to-parallel interface cable to all other printers as follows:
SW1
OFF ON OFF OFF OFF OFF ON OFF
SW2 SW3 SW4 SW5 SW6 SW7 SW8
3-22
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Chapter 3 Functions and Operations
Symbols
Table 3-1 provides a listing of the symbols used as condition indicators on the LCD display.
Table 3-1. LCD Icon Symbols
Icon Symbol
Site Master is in Hold for power conservation. To resume sweeping, press
HOLD
the
RUN/HOLD key. After 10 minutes without a key press, the Site Master
will automatically activate the power conservation mode.
ò
dx
T
Integrator Failure
Lock fail indication. Check battery. (If the Site Master fails to lock with a fully charged battery, call your Anritsu Service Center.)
When calibration is performed, the Site Master stores the ambient temper ature. If the temperature drifts outside the specified range, this indicator will flash. A recalibration at the current temperature is recommended.
Indicates the remaining charge on the battery. The inner white rectangle grows longer as the battery charge depletes.
Indicates internal data processing.
6
Self Test
At turn-on, the Site Master runs through a series of quick checks to ensure the system is functioning properly. Note that the battery voltage and temperature are displayed in the lower left corner below the self test message. If the battery is low, or if the ambient temper ature is not within the specified operational range, Self Test will fail. If Self Test fails and the battery is fully charged and the Site Master is within the specified operating range, call your Anritsu Service Center.
-
-
3-23
Page 42
Chapter 3 Functions and Operations
Error Codes
Self Test Errors
A listing of Self Test Error messages is given in Table 3-2.
Table 3-2. Self Test Error Messages
Error Message
BATTERY LOW
EXTERNAL POWER LOW
PLL FAILED
INTEGRATOR FAILED
EEPROM R/W FAILED
OUT OF TEMP. RANGE
Note: A listing of current Anritsu service centers is given in Table 1-2 , page 1-8.
Battery voltage is less than 9.5 volts. Charge battery. If condition per sists, call your Anritsu Service Center.
External supply voltage is less than 12.5 volts. Call your Anritsu Ser vice Center
Phase-locked loops failed to lock. Charge battery. If condition persists with a fully charged battery, call your Anritsu Service Center
Integration circuit could not charge to a valid level. Charge battery. If condition persists with a fully charged battery, call your Anritsu Ser vice Center.
Non-volatile memory system has failed. Call your Anritsu Service Center.
Ambient temperature is not within the specified operating range. If the temperature is within the specified operating range and the condition persists, call your Anritsu Service Center.
Description
-
-
-
3-24
Page 43
Range Errors
A listing of Range Error messages is given in Table 3-3.
Table 3-3. Range Error Messages (1 of 2)
Error Message
RANGE ERROR:F1 > F2
RANGE ERROR:D1 > D2
RANGE ERROR:D2 > DMax=xx.x m (ft)
RANGE ERROR: TOP<=BOTTOM
RANGE ERROR: TOP>=BOTTOM
CAL INCOMPLETE
DIST REQUIRES F1<F2
DIST REQUIRES CAL
NO STORED SWEEP AT THIS LOCATION
USE OPTIONS MENU TO SELECT A PRINTER
DISTANCE AND CABLE INSERTION LOSS MODE ARE INCOMPATIBLE
CANNOT ZERO NO DETECTOR INSTALLED
The start (F1) frequency is greater than the stop (F2) frequency.
The start (D1) distance is greater than the stop (D2) distance.
The stop distance (D2) exceeds the maximum unaliased range. This range is determined by the frequency span, number of points, and relative propagation velocity:
MaximumUnaliased Range
Where: dp is the number of data points (128, 256, or 512)
is the relative propagation velocity
V
f
F2 is the stop frequency in Hz F1 is the start frequency in Hz Maximum Unaliased Range is in meters
Refer to Figure 3-16, page 3-27, for a plot of maximum range versus frequency span.
The SWR scale parameter top value is less than or equal to its bottom value.
The RL scale parameter top value is greater than or equal to its bottom value.
A complete open, short, and load calibration or a complete open, short, load isolation and thru calibration must be performed before calibration can be turned on.
Valid distance to fault plots require a non-zero frequency span.
Distance-to-fault measurements do not provide usable data with CAL OFF.
Attempting to recall a display from a location that has not been previ ously written to. That is, the location does not contain stored sweep.
Attempting to print a display with no printer selected. Select a printer, then retry.
DTF measurements only display RL or SWR versus distance.
Attempting to perform a Power Monitor zero adjust function with no RF detector connected to the Site Master.
Chapter 3 Functions and Operations
Description
8
dp V
´
( . )( )( )15 10
=
FF
-
21
f
(meters)
-
3-25
Page 44
Chapter 3 Functions and Operations
Table 3-3. Range Error Messages (2 of 2)
Error Message
CANNOT ZERO INPUT SIGNAL TOO HIGH
POWER MONITOR OPTION NOT INSTALLED
LIMIT SEGMENTS CANNOT OVERLAP
EITHER STORED SWEEP IS NOT COMPATIBLE, OR NO STORED SWEEP AT THIS LOCATION
VERTICAL LIMIT SEGMENTS ARE NOT ALLOWED
NO EXTERNAL POWER TO BAT­TERY RECHARGER PORT. BIAS TEE CANNOT BE ACTI­VATED.
BIAS TEE OPTION NOT INSTALLED
Description
Attempting to perform a Power Monitor zero adjust function with an input of greater than –20 dBm.
Attempting to enter Power Monitor mode with no option 5 installed.
Segment limit lines are not allowed to overlap in frequency or dis tance.
Attempt to overlay a stored trace to the display from an empty loca tion, or with a different measurement mode or setup than the current display.
Segment limit line does not support vertical limit lines.
Attempting to use the Bias Tee option without external power applied to the battery recharge port.
Attempting to use the Bias Tee option when the option has not been installed.
-
-
3-26
Page 45
Chapter 3 Functions and Operations
Figure 3-16. Maximum Distance and Resolution vs Frequency Span
3-27
Page 46
Chapter 3 Functions and Operations
Using the Soft Carrying Case
The soft carrying case has been designed such that the strap can be unsnapped to allow the case to be easily oriented horizontally; thus allowing the Anritsu controls to be more easily accessed (Figure 3-17).
Figure 3-17. Using the Site Master Soft Carrying Case
3-28
Page 47
Chapter 4 Measurements
Introduction
This chapter provides a description of the Site Master measurement functions and examples of frequency domain, distance domain, and two-port (insertion gain or loss) measurements.
Measurement Functions
Site Master operation is divided into four measurement modes: frequency domain, distance domain, two-port, and power monitor.
Frequency domain measurements consist of Return Loss (RL), Standing Wave Ratio
·
(SWR), and Cable Loss (CL) made over a selectable frequency range. SWR and RL char acterize the magnitude of reflections present in a device or transmission line. CL mea surements display the insertion loss of a transmission line over frequency.
Distance domain measurements—commonly known as distance-to-fault (DTF)—are
·
made over a selectable distance range. They include RL or SWR, but they also return in­formation that can help locate discontinuities in a transmission line. CL cannot be meas­ured in the distance domain.
-
-
Two-port transmission gain or loss measurement is commonly known as S21 or through
·
measurement. The gain or loss measurement is made over a selectable frequency range and the magnitude in dB characterizes the performance of the device under test. Gain and loss measurement includes Tower Mount Amplifier (TMA) verification, an­tenna-to-antenna isolation, and duplexer filter rejection and isolation.
·
Power monitor measurements can be either absolute or relative to some base power level, and can be displayed in either dBm or Watts. To allow measurement and display of power levels above the unit's specified input, the user may attenuate the signal and enter the corresponding offset. The offset is added to the measured input power prior to dis play. Finally, a zero adjust function is provided to allow subtraction of an inherent “noise” level prior to display.
CAUTION: The measurement system MUST be calibrated at the ambient tem perature prior to making a measurement. You must calibrate when the setup frequency is changed. Calibrations are stored with each of the setups.
It is recommended that the appropriate calibration, (open-short-load or open-short-load-thru) be performed on the Site Master prior to measurements. This gives confidence to the operator that the measurement performed is accurate and system uncer tainties have been minimized.
4
-
-
-
4-1
Page 48
Chapter 4 Measurements
Power On Procedure
The Site Master is designed specifically for field environments and applications requiring mobility. As such, it is a lightweight, handheld, battery operated unit which can be easily carried to any location, and is capable of up to 2.5 hours of continuous operation from a fully charged battery. Built-in energy conservation features allow battery life to be extended over an eight-hour workday. The Site Master can also be powered by a 12.5 Vdc external source. The external source can be either the Anritsu AC-DC Adapter (P/N 40-115) or 12.5 Vdc Automotive Cigarette Lighter Adapter (P/N 806-62) provided.
Step 1. Press the
ON/OFF key.
The Site Master takes about five seconds to perform a series of self-diagnostic and adjustment routines. At completion, the screen displays the Anritsu logo, the model number, and the version of firmware installed.
Step 2. Press
ENTER to continue, or wait for one minute.
The Site Master is now ready for operation.
Calibration Procedure
The following procedure provides the steps necessary to perform Open-Short-Load (OSL) and Open-Short-Load-Thru (OSLT) calibrations. Calibration is done with the maximum 517 data points and is valid for 130 and 259 data point settings (default is 259). Refer to Figure 4-1 for setup.
LOAD
TEST PORT CABLE (OPTIONAL)
RF IN TEST PORT
OPEN
SHORT
LOAD
CALIBRATION
TEST PORT CABLE (OPTIONAL)
RF OUT TEST PORT
Site Master S251B
AMPLITUDE
2500.0
SWEEP
625.0
MODE
1384.45 MHz
2096.66 MHz
FREQ/DIST
Figure 4-1. One-port Measurement Calibration Setup
Step 1. Press the
MODE key.
Step 2. Use the Up/Down arrow key to scroll to
OSL calibration; or scroll to
INSERTION LOSS (+6 dBm) or INSERTION GAIN
(–30 dBm) measurement mode for OSLT calibration..
4-2
ESCAPE CLEAR
2
1
START
AUTO
CAL
SCALE
3
4
SAVE
RECALL
SETUP
SETUP
6
5
LIMIT
MARKER
ENTER
8
7
RECALL
RUN
SAVE
DISPLAY
DISPLAY
HOLD
+
9
0
-
/
PRINT
ON
SYS
OFF
.
FREQ - SWR or RETURN LOSS for
Page 49
Step 3. Press the ENTER key to select the measurement mode.
LOAD
Chapter 4 Measurements
TEST PORT CABLE
(OPTIONAL)
TEST PORT CABLE
START CAL
SAVE SETUP
LIMIT
SAVE DISPLAY
ON
OFF
1
AUTO SCALE
3
RECALL SETUP
5
MARKER
7
RECALL DISPLAY
9
PRINT
(OPTIONAL)
2
4
6
8
0
.
RF OUT TESTPORT
ESCAPE CLEAR
ENTER
RUN HOLD
+
-
/
SYS
RF IN TESTPORT
625.0
1384.45 MHz
2096.66 MHz
MODE
FREQ/DIST
Site Master S251B
2500.0
SWEEP
AMPLITUDE
Figure 4-2. Two-Port Measurement Calibration Setup
Selecting the Frequency Range
The following procedure selects the frequency range for the calibration.
Step 4. Press the Step 5. Press the Step 6. Enter 6, 2, 5 or a user-defined frequency using the key pad or the Up/Down ar-
row key.
FREQ/DIST key. F1 soft key.
OPEN
SHORT
LOAD
Step 7. Press Step 8. Press the
ENTER to set F1 to 625 MHz or the user-defined frequency.
F2 soft key.
Step 9. Enter 2, 5, 0, 0 or a user-defined frequency using the keypad or the Up/Down ar
row key.
Step 10. Press
ENTER to set F2 to 2500 MHz or the user-defined frequency.
Step 11. Check that the FREQ (MHz) scale in the display area indicates the new fre
quency start and stop values (for example: F1 = 625 MHz, F2 = 2500 MHz).
Performing a Calibration
The following procedures detail how to perform the calibrations. Steps 12 through 15 de scribe OSL calibration, while steps 16 and 17 apply only to OSLT calibration.
Step 12. Press the
PORT” will appear in the display.
Step 13. Connect the calibrated Open and press the
suring OPEN” and “CONNECT SHORT TO RF OUT” will appear.
Step 14. Remove the Open, connect the calibrated Short and press the
messages “MEASURING SHORT” and “CONNECT LOAD TO RF OUT” will appear.
START CAL key. The message “CONNECT OPEN TO RF OUT
ENTER key. The messages “Mea
ENTER key. The
-
-
-
-
4-3
Page 50
Chapter 4 Measurements
Step 15. Remove the Short, connect the calibrated Load and press the ENTER key. The
message “MEASURING LOAD ” will appear.
NOTE: For OSLT calibration, the messages “MEASURING LOAD” and “CONNECT LOADS TO RF OUT AND RF IN PORTS” will appear.
Step 16. Connect the second calibrated load to the RF In test port and press the
key. The messages “MEASURING ISOLATION” and “CONNECT RF OUT PORT TO RF IN PORT” will appear.
Step 17. Remove both loads, connect an adapter and/or a cable from the RF Out test port
to the RF In test port and press
ENTER.
Step 18. Verify that the calibration has been properly performed by checking that the
message “CAL ON” is displayed in the upper left corner of the display.
Setting the Amplitude Scale
The following procedure sets the amplitude scale.
Step 1. Press the Step 2. In SWR mode, press the
Up/Down arrow key, and press tion Gain/Loss mode, enter 100.)
Step 3. In SWR mode, press the
Up/Down arrow key, and press sertion Gain/Loss mode, enter –120.)
NOTE: Figure 4-3 and 4-4 show the typical responses of a valid OSL calibration with a load attached to the test port with 517 data points. Figures 4-5, 4-6, 4-7 and 4-8 show typical responses of a valid OSLT calibra tion with loads attached to the test port and with the RF Out test port attached to the RF In test port. To change the number of data points, press the
RESOLUTION soft key. Select 130, 259, or 517 data points.
AMPLITUDE or LIMIT key to call up the Scale menu.
TOP soft key and enter 1, ., 1 using the key pad or the
ENTER. (In Return Loss mode, enter 0; in Inser-
BOTTOM soft key and enter 1 using the key pad or the
ENTER. (In Return Loss mode, enter 54; in In-
SWEEP key, followed by the
ENTER
-
Saving the Setup
The following procedure can be used to save a setup and calibration in memory.
Step 1. Press the
SAVE SETUP key.
Step 2. Use the key pad or the Up/Down arrow key to select a memory location (1 - 10),
then press
ENTER.
Recalling a Setup
The following procedure recalls a setup from memory.
Step 1. Press the
RECALL SETUP key.
4-4
Page 51
Chapter 4 Measurements
Step 2. Select the desired setup using the Up/Down arrow key and press ENTER to re
call the display.
Saving a Display to Memory
The following procedure saves a display to memory.
Step 1. Press the
age.
Step 2. Use the soft keys to enter a label for the saved trace.
For example, to save a display with the name “TX1 RETURN LOSS” press the soft key group that contains the letter “T” then press the “T” soft key. Press the soft key group that contains the letter “X” then press the “X” soft key. Press the number “1” key on the numeric keypad. Use the softkeys and keypad as neces sary to enter the entire name, then press
NOTE: More than one trace can be saved using the same alphanumeric name, as traces are stored chronologically, using the time/date stamp.
SAVE DISPLAY key to activate the alphanumeric menu for trace stor
ENTER to complete the process.
Recalling a Display From Memory
The following procedure recalls a previously saved display from memory.
-
-
-
Step 1. Press the Step 2. Select the desired display using the Up/Down arrow key and press
call the display.
Figure 4-4. SWR Measurement Mode Calibration Results
RECALL DISPLAY key.
ENTER to re-
4-5
Page 52
Chapter 4 Measurements
Figure 4-5. Insertion Loss Mode Calibration Results (Loads at RF Out and RF In)
4-6
Page 53
Chapter 4 Measurements
Figure 4-6. Insertion Loss Mode Calibration Results (Loads at RF Out and RF In)
Figure 4-7. Insertion Gain Mode Calibration Results (RF Out connected to RF In)
4-7
Page 54
Chapter 4 Measurements
Figure 4-8. Insertion Gain Mode Calibration Results (RF Out Connected to RF In)
NOTES: For best calibration results–compensation for all measurement system uncertainties–ensure that the Open/Short/Load is at the end of the test port or optional extension cable; that is, at the same point as the antenna or device to be tested will be connected. For best results, use a phase stable Test Port Extension cable. In a typical lab­oratory cable, bending subsequent to the calibration will cause uncompensated phase reflections inside the cable. Cables that are not phase stable may cause measurement errors that become more pronounced as the test frequency in­creases.
4-8
Page 55
Chapter 4 Measurements
SWR (Return Loss) and Cable Loss Measurement
The following frequency domain measurement is an example of a Standing Wave Ratio (or Return Loss) and Cable Loss measurement made over a selectable frequency range. This measurement example determines the quality and loss of the test port cable or device under test.
Required Equipment
Site Master Model S251B
·
Precision N (m) Open/Short, Anritsu 22N50 and
·
Precision N (m) Load, Anritsu SM/PL
or
Precision N (m) Open/Short/Load, Anritsu OSLN50LF N (m) - N (f) Test Port Extension Cable, Anritsu 15NNF50-1.5A
·
Device-Under-Test Specification
Type Typical Loss @1.5m V
0.4 dB @ 625 MHz
0.5 dB @ 800 MHz
15NNF50-1.5A
0.6 dB @ 1000 MHz
0.7 dB @ 1500 MHz
0.8 dB @ 2000 MHz
0.9 dB @ 2500 MHz
Procedure
Step 1. Press the ON/OFF key on the Site Master.
Selecting the Measurement Mode
Step 2. Press the MODE key. Step 3. Use the Up/Down arrow key to scroll to Step 4. Press the ENTER key to select Frequency SWR or Return Loss measurement
mode.
Selecting the Frequency Range
Step 5. Press the FREQ/DIST key. Step 6. Press the
F1 soft key.
Return Loss SWR
g
0.86 ³ 21 dB £ 1.20
FREQ-SWR or FREQ-RETURN LOSS.
Step 7. Enter 6, 2, 5 using the key pad or the Up/Down arrow key. Step 8. Press Step 9. Press the
ENTER to set F1 to 625 MHz.
F2 soft key.
Step 10. Enter 2, 5, 0, 0 using the keypad or the Up/Down arrow key. Step 11. Press
ENTER to set F2 to 2500 MHz.
Step 12. Check that the FREQ (MHz) scale in the display area indicates the new fre
quency start and stop values (F1 = 625 MHz, F2 = 2500 MHz).
-
4-9
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Chapter 4 Measurements
Performing a Calibration
Step 13. Press the START CAL key. Follow the instructions that appear in the message
area.
Step 14. Connect the Open, Short, and Load component to the test port and press the
ENTER key as prompted after connecting each component.
Refer to the “Performing a Calibration” procedure on page 4-3 for detailed cali bration steps.
NOTES: For best calibration results — compensation for all measurement system uncer tainties — ensure that the Open/Short/Load is at the end of the test port or op tional extension cable; that is, at the same point that you will connect the antenna or device to be tested.
For best results, use a phase stable Test Port Extension Cable (see Optional Accessories). If you use a typical laboratory cable to extend the Anritsu test port to the device-under-test, cable bending subsequent to the Open/Short/Load cal ibration will cause uncompensated phase reflections inside the cable. Thus, ca bles which are not phase stable may cause measurement errors that are more pronounced as the test frequency increases.
For optimum calibration, Anritsu recommends using precision calibration com­ponents.
-
-
-
-
-
4-10
Page 57
SWR or Return Loss Measurement
Step 15. Disconnect the Load and connect the test port extension cable to the Site Master
test port.
Step 16. Connect the Load to the open end of the test port extension cable as shown in
Figure 4-9.
Chapter 4 Measurements
OPEN
625.0
MODE
SHORT
LOAD
1384.45 MHz
2096.66 MHz
FREQ/DIST
CALIBRATION
Site Master S251B
2500.0
SWEEP
AMPLITUDE
Figure 4-9. Cable Measurement Test Setup
Step 17. Observe the displayed measurement. Figures 4-10 and 4-11 show typical SWR
and Return Loss measurements with markers and limit line set.
RFOUT/REFLECTION
TEST PORT
ESCAPE CLEAR
2
1
START
AUTO
CAL
SCALE
3
4
SAVE
RECALL
SETUP
SETUP
6
5
LIMIT
MARKER
ENTER
8
7
RECALL
RUN
SAVE
DISPLAY
DISPLAY
HOLD
+
9
0
-
/
PRINT
ON
SYS
OFF
.
LOAD
SHORT
MEASUREMENT
Set the Amplitude Scale and Limit Line
The following procedure sets the top and bottom scale display.
Step 18. Press the Step 19. In SWR mode, press the
Up/Down arrow key. Press enter 0.)
Step 20. In SWR mode, press the
Up/Down arrow key. Press mode, enter 5, 4.)
Step 21. Press the Step 22. Use the Up/Down arrow key to scroll to segment #1 and press the
SEGMENT
Step 23. Use the Up/Down arrow key to scroll to the
ENTER to edit the value.
AMPLITUDE or LIMIT key to call up the Scale Menu.
TOP soft key and enter 1, ., 3 using the keypad or
ENTER to set the top scale. (In Return Loss mode,
BOTTOM soft key and enter 1 using the keypad or
ENTER to set the bottom scale. (In Return Loss
LIMIT soft key to activate the segment limit line table.
soft key to change the parameter values for segment #1.
EDIT
START FREQ parameter and press
4-11
Page 58
Chapter 4 Measurements
Step 24. Enter 6, 2, 5 using the key pad or the Up/Down arrow key. Press ENTER to set
the Start Frequency to 625 MHz.
Step 25. Use the Up/Down arrow key to scroll to the
press
ENTER to edit the value.
START FREQ LIMIT parameter and
Step 26. For FREQ-SWR, enter 1, ., 1, 2. For FREQ-RETURN LOSS, enter 2, 5. Press
ENTER to set the Start Frequency Limit value.
Step 27. Use the Up/Down arrow key to scroll to the
ENTER to edit the value.
Step 28. Enter 2, 5, 0, 0 using the key pad or the Up/Down arrow key. Press
STOP FREQ parameter and press
ENTER to
set the Stop Frequency to 2500 MHz.
Step 29. Use the Up/Down arrow key to scroll to the
press
ENTER to edit the value.
STOP FREQ LIMIT parameter and
Step 30. For FREQ-SWR, enter 1, ., 2. For FREQ-RETURN LOSS, enter 2, 1. Press
ENTER to set the Stop Frequency Limit value.
Step 31. Press
ENTER at OK to accept the values and activate the Segment 1 limit line.
NOTE: Alternatively, if the Start and Stop frequencies are the full span of the Site Mas­ter, simply edit the Start and Stop frequency Limits and select the
FULL SPAN
soft key. Press ENTER at OK to accept and activate the Segment 1 limit line.
4-12
Page 59
Setting the Markers
The following procedure sets the markers.
Chapter 4 Measurements
Step 32. Press the Step 33. Press the
and enter 8, 2, 4 using the keypad or Up/Down arrow key. Press M1 to 824 MHz. (Note: pressing the the M1 marker function.)
Step 34. Press the Step 35. Repeat steps 33 and 34 for markers M2, M3, and M4. Set M2 to 960 MHz, M3
to 1710 MHz, and M4 to 1990 MHz. Figures 4-10 and 4-11 depict the SWR and Return Loss measurements).
NOTE: Refer to page 4-4 for instructions on saving and recalling a setup or display.
MARKER key to call up the Markers menu. M1 soft key to select the M1 marker function. Press the EDIT soft key
ENTER to set
ON/OFF soft key activates or deactivates
BACK soft key to return to the Markers menu.
Figure 4-10. Cable SWR Measurement Results
Figure 4-11. Cable Return Loss Measurement Results
4-13
Page 60
Chapter 4 Measurements
Cable Loss Measurement
The following frequency domain measurement is an example of a Cable Loss measurement made over a selectable frequency range following the Marker setting steps 32 to 35.
NOTE: If SWR/Return Loss measurement has not been done, calibration must be per formed before determining the cable loss.
Step 36. Disconnect the load from the end of the cable and replace it with a short.
-
Step 37. Press the Step 38. Use the Up/Down arrow key to scroll to Step 39. Press
MODE key.
CABLE LOSS - ONE PORT.
ENTER to select Cable Loss measurement mode.
Setting the Amplitude Scale
The following procedure sets the scale display.
Step 40. Press the
AMPLITUDE key to call up the Scale Menu.
Step 41. Press the TOP soft key and enter 0 using the keypad or Up/Down arrow key.
ENTER to set the top scale.
Press
Step 42. Press the BOTTOM soft key and enter 1 using the keypad or Up/Down arrow
key. Press
ENTER to set the bottom scale.
NOTE: An alternative method of setting the amplitude scale is to use the key.
Setting the Segment Limit LInes
The following procedure sets the segment limit lines.
AUTO SCALE
4-14
Step 43. Press the Step 44. Press the
AMPLITUDE or LIMIT key to call up the Segment Limit Line menu. LIMIT soft key to activate the segment limit line table.
Step 45. Use the Up/Down arrow key to scroll to segment #1 and press the
MENT
soft key to change the parameter values for segment #1.
Step 46. Use the Up/Down arrow key to scroll to the
ENTER to edit the value.
START FREQ parameter and press
Step 47. Enter 8, 2, 4 using the key pad or the Up/Down arrow key. Press
the Start Frequency to 824 MHz.
Step 48. Use the Up/Down arrow key to scroll to the
press
ENTER to edit the value.
Step 49. Enter ., 5. Press
ENTER to set the Start Frequency Limit value.
Step 50. Use the Up/Down arrow key to scroll to the
ENTER to edit the value.
START FREQ LIMIT parameter and
STOP FREQ parameter and press
EDIT SEG
ENTER to set
-
Page 61
Chapter 4 Measurements
Step 51. Enter 9, 6, 0 using the key pad or the Up/Down arrow key. Press ENTER to set
the Stop Frequency to 960 MHz.
Step 52. Use the Up/Down arrow key to scroll to the
press
ENTER to edit the value.
Step 53. Enter ., 5, 5. Press Step 54. Press Step 55. Press the
ENTER at OK to accept the values and activate the Segment 1 limit line.
SELECT SEGMENT soft key and use the Up/Down arrow key to scroll
to segment #2. Press the
ENTER to set the Stop Frequency Limit value.
EDIT SEGMENT soft key to change the parameter val
STOP FREQ LIMIT parameter and
ues for segment #2.
Step 56. Repeat the above steps as necessary to set the Segment #2 Start Frequency to
1710 MHz, Start Limit to 0.70, Stop Frequency to 1990 MHz, and Stop Limit to
0.8. Figure 4-12 depicts a typical cable loss measurement.
-
Figure 4-12. Cable Loss Measurement Results
NOTE: Refer to page 4-4 for instructions on saving and recalling a setup or display.
4-15
Page 62
Chapter 4 Measurements
DTF Measurement
The following distance domain measurement is an example of a Distance-to-Fault (DTF) measurement over a selectable distance range.
Required Equipment
Site Master Model S251B
·
Precision Open/Short, Anritsu 22N50 and
·
Precision Load, Anritsu SM/PL
or
Precision Open/Short/Load, Anritsu OSLN50LF Test Port Extension Cable, Anritsu 15NNF50-1.5A
·
Device-Under-Test Specification
Type Typical Loss @1.5m
0.4 dB @ 625 MHz
15NNF50-1.
5A
0.5 dB @ 800 MHz
0.6 dB @ 1000 MHz
0.7 dB @ 1500 MHz
0.8 dB @ 2000 MHz
0.9 dB @ 2500 MHz
V
g
0.86 ³ 21 dB £ 1.20
Return
Loss
SWR
Procedure
Step 1. Press the ON/OFF key on the Site Master.
Selecting the Measurement Mode
Step 2. Press the MODE key. Step 3. Use the Up/Down arrow key to scroll to Step 4. Press the
ENTER key to select DTF-SWR or Return Loss measurement mode. If
the Site Master has not been calibrated (CAL OFF displayed in the upper left of the display), the DTF AID parameter table will appear.
NOTE: Where CAL ON is indicated on the Site Master, pressing the DTF AID soft key will activate the DTF parameter table. However, distance and cable type (propagation velocity and loss) have not been optimized. F1 and F2 are set by “CAL ON” setup. DTF measurement is valid for D2 £ D F2 and F1). The number of data points (resolution) will automatically adjust according to the length of D2.
DTF-SWR or DTF-RETURN LOSS.
(as defined by
max
4-16
Step 5. Use the Up/Down arrow key to scroll to
D2, then press ENTER to select the ca
ble length.
Step 6. Enter 2 using the keypad or the Up/Down arrow key. Press
2.0 meters.
-
ENTER to set D2 to
Page 63
Chapter 4 Measurements
Step 7. Use the Up/Down arrow key to scroll to F1, then press ENTER to select the start
frequency F1.
Step 8. Enter 6, 2, 5 using the keypad or the Up/Down arrow key. Press
ENTER to set
F1 to 625 MHz.
Step 9. Use the Up/Down arrow key to scroll to
F2, then press ENTER to select the start
frequency F2.
Step 10. Enter 2, 5, 0, 0 using the keypad or the Up/Down arrow key. Press
F2 to 2500 MHz.
Step 11. Scroll to
PROP VEL and press ENTER to select Propagation Velocity
parameters.
NOTE: Propagation velocity and cable loss can be accessed by selecting
FUNCTION
Step 12. Enter ., 8, 6 and press Step 13. Press
from the DTF AID parameter table.
ENTER to set the Propagation Velocity to 0.86.
ENTER to start the calibration.
CABLE
NOTE: If the calibration is valid, scroll to
ENTER. If calibration is necessary, proceed to the calibration instructions.
CALIBRATION VALID–CONTINUE and press
ENTER to set
Performing a Calibration
This procedure is used to perform a calibration.
Step 14. At the Perform Calibration menu, follow the instructions on the display to con
nect the respective calibration components to the Site Master test port. (Refer to the calibration procedure on page 4-3.)
NOTES: For best calibration results — compensation for all measurement system uncer tainties — ensure that the Open/Short/Load is at the end of the test port or op tional extension cable; that is, at the same point that you will connect the antenna or device to be tested.
For best results, use a phase stable Test Port Extension Cable (see Optional Accessories). If you use a typical laboratory cable to extend the Anritsu test port to the device-under-test, cable bending subsequent to the Open/Short/Load cal ibration will cause uncompensated phase reflections inside the cable. Thus, ca bles which are not phase stable may cause measurement errors that are more pronounced as the test frequency increases.
For optimum calibration, Anritsu recommends using precision calibration com ponents.
-
-
-
-
-
-
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Chapter 4 Measurements
DTF Measurement (Determining the Length of the Cable)
Step 15. Disconnect the Load and connect the test port extension cable to the Site Master
test port.
Step 16. Connect the Short to the open end of the test port extension cable.
NOTE: The number of data points displayed can be changed by selecting DTF AID table.
Setting the Amplitude Scale
Step 17. Press the AMPLITUDE or LIMIT key to call up the Scale Menu.
Optional: Press the
AUTO SCALE key to optimize the amplitude scale.
RES in the
Step 18. In SWR mode, press the
Up/Down arrow key. Press enter 0.)
Step 19. In SWR mode, press the
Up/Down arrow key. Press mode, enter 54.)
TOP soft key and enter 3, 0 using the keypad or
ENTER to set the top scale. (In Return Loss mode,
BOTTOM soft key and enter 1 using the keypad or
ENTER to set the bottom scale. (In Return Loss
Setting the Marker
Step 20. Press the MARKER key to call up the Markers menu. Step 21. Press the
ON/OFF soft key activates or deactivates the M1 marker function.)
Step 22. Press the Step 23. Press the
Figures 4-13 and 4-14 show cable length displays in SWR and Return Loss modes.
NOTE: Refer to page 4-4 for instructions on saving and recalling a setup or display.
M1 soft key to select the M1 marker function. (Note: pressing the
MARKER TO PEAK soft key to find the cable length. BACK soft key or the ESCAPE key to return to the previous menu.
4-18
Page 65
Figure 4-13. DTF - SWR Measurement Results (cable length)
Chapter 4 Measurements
Figure 4-14. DTF - RETURN LOSS Measurement Results (cable length)
4-19
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Chapter 4 Measurements
DTF Measurement (Determining the quality of the cable.)
NOTE: If cable length measurement has not been done, calibration must be done be fore determining the quality of the cable (steps 1-15).
Step 24. Disconnect the Short and connect the Load to the test port extension cable
Setting the Amplitude Scale
Step 25. Press the AMPLITUDE or LIMIT key to call up the Scale Menu..
Optional: Press the
AUTO SCALE key to optimize the amplitude scale.
-
Step 26. In SWR mode, press the
Up/Down arrow key. Press enter 20.)
Step 27. In SWR mode, press the
Up/Down arrow key. Press mode, enter 54.)
TOP soft key and enter 1, ., 0, 5 using the keypad or
ENTER to set the top scale. (In Return Loss mode,
BOTTOM soft key and enter 1 using the keypad or
ENTER to set the bottom scale. (In Return Loss
Setting the Markers
Step 28. Press the MARKER key to call up the Markers menu. Step 29. Press the
ON/OFF soft key activates or deactivates the M2 marker function.)
Step 30. Press the
Loss reading. (See Figures 4-15 and 4-16.)
NOTE: Refer to page 4-4 for instructions on saving and recalling a setup or display.
M2 soft key to select the M2 marker function. (Note: pressing the
MARKER TO PEAK soft key to find the maximum SWR or Return
4-20
Page 67
Figure 4-15. DTF - SWR Measurement Results (cable quality)
Chapter 4 Measurements
Figure 4-16. DTF - RETURN LOSS Measurement Results (cable quality)
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Chapter 4 Measurements
Insertion Gain (Amplifier) Measurement
The following frequency domain measurement is an example of a Insertion Gain (Ampli fier) measurement over a selectable frequency range. Insertion loss measurements, such as antenna-to-antenna isolation and filter rejection (isolation), follow the same procedures as below except in Insertion Loss (+6 dBm) measurement mode.
Required Equipment
Site Master Model S251B
·
(2) Precision 7/16(f) Open/Short/Load, Anritsu 2000-768
·
(2) N (m) to 7/16 (m) Test Port Extension Cables, Anritsu 15NNF50-1.5A or
·
(2) N (m) to N (f) Test Port Cables and (2) N (m) to 7/16 (m) adaptors (510-92) 7/16 (f) Adapter, Anritsu 510-97
·
Tower Mount Amplifier, Ericsson A57001HQ85 or equivalent
·
Device-Under-Test Specification
Type Frequency Range Gain (Typical)
TMA
1885 to 1990 MHz 1965 to 1990 MHz
+12 dB
–0.5 dB
Procedure
Step 1. Press the ON/OFF key on the Site Master.
-
Selecting the Measurement
Step 2. Press the MODE soft key. Step 3. Use the Up/Down Arrow key to scroll to
the
ENTER key to select insertion gain measurement mode.
Selecting the Frequency Range
Step 4. Press the FREQ soft key. Step 5. Press the
F1 soft key.
Step 6. Enter 1, 8, 0, 0 using the keypad or Up/Down Arrow key. Press
F1 to 1800 MHz.
Step 7. Press the
F2 soft key.
Step 8. Enter 2, 1 ,0, 0 using the keypad or Up/Down Arrow key. Press
to 2100 MHz.
Performing a Calibration
Step 9. Connect the test port extension cables to the RF In and RF Out test ports as
shown in Figure 4-17.
Step 10. Press the
START CAL key. Follow the instructions in the message area.
INSERTION GAIN (–30 dBm). Press
ENTER to set
ENTER to set F2
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Chapter 4 Measurements
Step 11. Connect the Open, Short, Loads, and through adapter to the test port extension
cable and press the
ENTER key as prompted. Refer to the Calibration Procedure
earlier in this chapter for detailed calibration instructions.
NOTE: The number of data points displayed can be changed by selecting
RES in the
DTF AID table.
LOAD
TEST PORT CABLE
(OPTIONAL)
RF IN TEST PORT
625.0
1384.45 MHz
2096.66 MHz
MODE
FREQ/DIST
Site Master S251B
2500.0
SWEEP
AMPLITUDE
TEST PORT CABLE (OPTIONAL)
RF OUT TEST PORT
ESCAPE
CLEAR
2
1
START
AUTO
CAL
SCALE
3
4
SAVE
RECALL
SETUP
SETUP
6
5
LIMIT
MARKER
ENTER
8
7
RECALL
RUN
SAVE
DISPLAY
DISPLAY
HOLD
9
0
PRINT
ON
SYS
OFF
.
+
-
/
OPEN
SHORT
LOAD
Figure 4-17. Two-Port Measurement Calibration Setup
When the calibration is complete the results should be similar to those shown in Figure 4-18.
Figure 4-18. Two-Port Measurement Calibration Results
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Chapter 4 Measurements
Amplifier Gain Measurement
Step 12. Disconnect the 7/16(f) adapter. The resulting display should be similar to Figure
4-19
Figure 4-19. Measurement Display Before Amplifier Connection
Step 13. Connect the amplifier to the test port extension cables as shown in Figure 4-20.
TEST PORT CABLE
(OPTIONAL)
TEST PORT CABLE
START CAL
SAVE SETUP
LIMIT
SAVE DISPLAY
ON
OFF
1
3
5
7
9
(OPTIONAL)
2
AUTO SCALE
4
RECALL SETUP
6
MARKER
8
RECALL DISPLAY
0
PRINT
.
RF OUTTESTPORT
ESCAPE CLEAR
ENTER
RUN HOLD
RF INTESTPORT
Site Master S251B
625.0
1384.45 MHz
2096.66 MHz
MODE
FREQ/DIST
AMPLITUDE
Figure 4-20. Amplifier Gain Measurement Setup
2500.0
SWEEP
PCS Amp
Tx\RF
Ant
+
-
/
SYS
Setting the Markers
Step 14. Press the MARKER key to call up the Markers menu. Step 15. Press the
4-24
M1 soft key to select the M1 marker function.
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Chapter 4 Measurements
Step 16. Press the EDIT soft key and enter 1, 8, 8, 5 using the keypad or Up/Down Arrow
NOTE: Pressing the
key. Press
ON/OFF soft key activates or deactivates the M1 marker function.
ENTER to set M1 to 1885 MHz.
Step 17. Press the Step 18. Repeat the above steps for markers M2, M3, and M4. Set M2 to 1910 MHz, M3
to 1965 MHz, and M4 to 1990 MHz.
Observe the bypass condition (Figure 4-21).
BACK soft key to return to the Markers menu.
Figure 4-21. Measurement Display Showing Bypass Condition
Activating the Bias Tee
Step 19. Press the SYS key. Step 20. Press the
Tee.
NOTE: The Site Master must have Option 10A installed and the battery charger must be connected for the bias tee to activate.
OPTIONS soft key, then the BIAS TEE soft key to activate the Bias
Setting the Amplitude Scale
Step 21. Press the AMPLITUDE or LIMIT key to call up the Scale menu. Step 22. Press the
Press
TOP soft key and enter 1, 5 using the keypad or Up/Down arrow key.
ENTER to set the top scale to 15.
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Chapter 4 Measurements
Step 23. Press the BOTTOM soft key and enter 9, 0 – using the keypad or Up/Down ar
row key. Press Observe the display of amplifier gain performance (Figure 4-22).
NOTE: Alternatively, press the AUTO SCALE key to set the top and bottom display scale.
ENTER to set the bottom scale to –90.
-
Figure 4-22. Measurement Display of Amplifier Gain
Step 24. Press the
NOTE: Refer to page 4-4 for instructions on saving and recalling a setup or display.
MARKER key to display the marker value.
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Chapter 4 Measurements
Making Power Measurements
Power measurement is accomplished using a broadband (1 MHz to 3000 MHz) RF detector, P/N 5400-71N50. The power monitor displays measured power in dBm or Watts.
Entering Power Monitor Mode
Step 1. Press the MODE key. Step 2. Use the Up/Down arrow key to scroll to
select power monitor mode.
Zeroing the Power Monitor
Step 3. With no power applied to the DUT, press the ZERO soft key from the Power
menu. Wait a few seconds while the Site Master accumulates samples of the qui escent power level. When complete, area.
Measuring High Input Power Levels
Step 4. Insert an attenuator between the DUT and the RF detector, sufficient to insure
that the input power to the Site Master is no greater the 20 dBm.
Step 5. Press the Step 6. Enter the attenuation in dB using the keypad. Press
try. The message area will show dB.
OFFSET soft key.
Displaying Power in dBm and Watts
Step 7. Press the UNITS soft key to display power in Watts.
Displaying Relative Power
POWER MONITOR. Press ENTER to
-
ZERO ADJ: ON is displayed in the message
ENTER to complete the en-
OFFSET is ON along with the entered value in
Step 8. With the desired base power level input to the Site Master, press the REL soft
key. The message area will show 100%.
Step 9. Press the
reading will be in dBr, relative to the base power level.
UNITS soft key to display power in dBm. Since REL is ON, the power
REL: ON and the power reading will indicate
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Chapter 5 Software Tools Program
Description
The Site Master Software Tools program provides the means for transferring the measured trace, along with any applied markers and/or a limit, to the screen of an MS-DOS based personal computer (PC) running Windows 95/98/NT.
Requirements
The Site Master Software Tools program is a standard Windows program and will run on any computer that will run Windows 95/98/NT. Typically, this means having a PC with the following characteristics:
Pentium microprocessor (100 MHz or better, recommended)
·
Microsoft Windows 95/98/NT
·
32 MBytes of memory, minimum
·
Approximately 15 MBytes of available hard drive space
·
Communication Port Setting
The Site Master Software Tools communicates with the Site Master through a standard COM port on the PC. It is important that your Windows COM port settings conform to the actual hardware settings. Since various add-in devices such as sound cards, modems, and network cards use IRQ (Interrupts), it is possible that your computer has non-standard COM port settings. Please consult your computer vendor for COM port address and IRQ in formation.
Changing COM Port Settings–Windows 95/98/NT
Step 1. Open the Windows Control Panel. Step 2. Double click on the Step 3. Select Step 4. Double click on the item Ports (COM & LPT) in the device list. Step 5. Double click on the communications port you want to set. The Communications
NOTE: If Windows doesn't show any available COM Ports, consult your computer manufacturer.
Device Manager. The Device List appears.
Port Properties window appears.
SYSTEM icon. The System Properties window appears.
-
5
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Chapter 5 Software Tools Program
Step 6. Choose Port Settings, then change to the following settings if necessary.
Baud Rate: 9600 Data Bits: 8 Parity: None Stop Bits: 1 Flow Control: None
Step 7. Choose
when done.
Step 8. Click
Resource and verify the COM Port Base Address and IRQ. Click OK
OK again to close the System Properties window.
Figure 5-1. Windows 95/98/NT COM Port Setting Dialog Boxes
Note: If you changed the COM Port Base Address and/or IRQ, you will need to restart Windows.
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Chapter 5 Software Tools Program
Software Installation
The Site Master Software Tools program is a conventional Microsoft Windows program. Installation is similar to all other such programs. For users new to Windows, a detailed pro cedure is given below.
Step 9. Insert the Anritsu Site Master Software Tools For Windows disk in the CDROM
drive.
-
Step 10. Select Step 11. Type Step 12. Press the
Step 13. When the Setup program prompts, select
NOTE: The Setup routine will create a new Program Group named “Site Master Software Tools”. This group will contain three file icons, “Read Me,” “Site Mas ter Help,” and “Site Master Software Tools.”
Step 14. Double-click on the “Read Me” icon to read about recent changes that did not
Step 15. Double-click on the “Site Master Help” icon to acquaint yourself with the com-
Step 16. Double-click on the “Site Master Software Tools ” icon to open the Software
Run under the Start menu.
x:\SETUP, where x = the drive letter of the CDROM drive.
Enter key to select the default directory C:\Program Files\Site Master
Software Tools\
Windows.
get into this manual and important features or problems that you should know about.
prehensive on-line manual. This manual provides descriptive narrative for the various program features and controls.
Tools program.
and begin the Setup routine.
OK or press the Enter key to restart
-
Step 17. Click on
priate COM port number for the serial interface cable (null modem type).
Settings, in the top menu bar, and select COM Port. Enter the appro
Plot Capture
Plots (traces) can be captured either singly from the Site Master display or in multiples from one or more stored-display locations. Both methods are described below.
The recommended method is to capture multiple traces to a database. In one operation, all of the data residing in the up-to-200 stored display memory locations in the Site Master can be downloaded to a database for easy data management.
NOTE: Trace scale can be captured as per Site Master or as autoscale by the capture program. To select per Site Master or autoscaling, click on Settings and Default Plot Settings from the top menu bar and pull-down menu.
-
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Chapter 5 Software Tools Program
Capture multiple traces to a database
Step 1. Connect the supplied cable as shown in Figure 5-2.
Serial Interface
Site Master S251B
FREQ/DIST
AMPLITUDE
2500.0
SWEEP
625.0
1384.45 MHz
2096.66 MHz
MODE
Figure 5-2. Serial Cable Connection
Step 2. Open the Site Master Software Tools program. Step 3. Double-click on the “Site Master Software Tools” icon to open the program. Step 4. Click on
Capture, in the top menu bar, and select Capture Plots To Database
from the drop-down menu.
Step 5. Follow the database instructions to download the plot(s) to either a new database
or an existing database.
Step 6. Enter the number(s) of the stored-display memory location(s) (1 to 200) from
which you wish to store to the database, and click
Step 7. Observe that the “Acquiring Control” box appears on the screen, then disappears
as traces are automatically acquired. The “Database” box appears when the plot(s) has been completely captured into the database.
ESCAPE
CLEAR
2
1
START
AUTO
CAL
SCALE
3
4
SAVE
RECALL
SETUP
SETUP
6
5
LIMIT
MARKER
ENTER
8
7
RECALL
RUN
SAVE
DISPLAY
DISPLAY
HOLD
+
9
0
-
/
PRINT
ON
SYS
OFF
.
COM port (Program defaults to COM2)
OK.
Capture single or multiple traces to PC screen
Step 1. Perform steps 1, 2, and 3 of the capture-multiple-traces-to-database procedure. Step 2. Click on the
and select
Start Plot Capture icon or click on Capture, in the top menu bar,
Capture Plots to Screen from the drop-down menu.
Step 3. Enter the number (or numbers) of the stored-display memory location(s) (1 to
200) from which you wish to display traces in Site Master Software Tools.
Step 4. Select
OK.
Step 5. Observe that the “Acquiring Control” box appears on the screen, then disappears
as the traces are automatically acquired and displayed.
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Chapter 5 Software Tools Program
Custom Cable List Uploading and Downloading
Custom cable parameters can be uploaded to the Site Master or downloaded from the Site Master and saved via the Site Master Software Tools Cable Editor.
Uploading a Cable List to the Site Master Custom Cable Table
Step 1. Connect the supplied cable as shown in Figure 5-2. Step 2. Open the Cable Editor by clicking on
Tools 32 bit
and Cable Editor.
Alternatively, open the Site Master Software Tools program, click on the top menu bar and select
Cable Editor from the drop-down menu.
Start, Programs, Site Master Software
Tools in
Step 3. Enter the required information for each custom cable entry:
Cable Name - enter the cable description Pro. Vel - enter the propagation velocity value Insertion Loss (dB/m) - enter the insertion loss value in dB/m Frequency (MHz) - enter the frequency in MHz Description - enter any description associated with that custom cable.
NOTES: As a minimum, the Cable Name and Pro. Vel cells must have entries for the Site Master to accept the selection as a valid cable during uploading. The Site Master will assign a zero value to insertion loss if the Insertion Loss cell has no entry.
Information entered into the Frequency and Description cells is not uploaded to the Site Master and so those cells will have no information when downloading the custom cable list from the Site Master back to the Cable Editor.
Step 4. Click on the
select
Step 5. When the message box appears on the screen click
ing and
Upload Cable List icon or click on Tools, in the top menu bar, and
Upload Cable List.
OK to the cable upload warn
OK when the cable upload is completed.
Downloading a Cable List from the Site Master Custom Cable Table
Step 1. Perform steps 1 and 2 above to open the Cable Editor. Step 2. Click on the
select
Step 3. When the status message box appears on the screen, click
Query Cable List icon, or click on Tools in the top menu bar and
Query Cable List.
OK to complete.
Saving a Custom Cable List
To save a custom cable to a file, click on File, in the top menu bar and select Save or Save
as
from the drop-down menu.
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Chapter 5 Software Tools Program
Program Operation
The captured trace on the PC can be scaled and have its limit line, markers, and properties changed. (Click on the menu to make these changes.) The operation of the various menus that allow these opera tions to be accomplished is straightforward. To read about the operation of the menus, refer to the on-line help screens, accessed from the
Plot Properties icon, or select Plot Properties under the View
Help menu in the top menu bar.
Fault Location Software
-
A captured RL or SWR trace can be transformed to a Distance to Fault display. This is use ful for determining the location of faults, connections, and other discontinuities within the cable.
To transform a plot, select Distance to Fault from the to Fault icon in the toolbar). A drop down menu will appear that asks you if the DUT is co axial cable or waveguide.
If coaxial cable is selected, it asks you to supply start and stop distances along with the ca ble type or propagation velocity and insertion loss values. Tables in Appendix A provide these values for some of the more popular coaxial cables (@ 1000 MHz).
If values are needed at a different frequency, or if you need the exact values for more accu­rate measurement, please contact the coaxial cable manufacturer. Coaxial cables may be added to the list be editing the cables.lst file. Follow the existing format to enter the data to the list. Loss is entered in dB/m only.
The distance may be entered in feet or meters. Propagation velocity is used for coaxial ca­ble. The units may be changed by selecting and changing Measurement Units.
After supplying the needed information and clicking coax match vs. distance.
Default Plot Settings under the Settings menu
Tools menu (or click on the Distance
OK, a new plot will open showing
-
-
-
Smith Chart Software
After obtaining a frequency SWR or RL plot on the computer display, click the Smith
Chart
icon. Read the Help file to see how this feature functions (under Smith Chart and
Data Readout).
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Chapter 5 Software Tools Program
Saving a Plot as a Windows Metafile or as a Spreadsheet File
Plots can be saved as Windows metafile (.wmf) or as a text file (.txt). The metafile may be imported into graphic programs and a text file can be imported into a spreadsheet program, but they cannot be reloaded into the Site Master Software Tools program.
To save a plot as a Windows Metafile, click on File, in the top menu bar, and select
as Metafile
To save a plot as a text file to use in a spreadsheet, click on File in the top menu bar and se
Export to text file for Spreadsheet from the drop down menu.
lect
from the drop down menu.
Save
Pasting a Plot in Graphic or Spreadsheet For mat
The data points from a plot can be exported to a graphic application or a spreadsheet via the clipboard. To transfer data to the Windows clipboard:
Step 1. Select Settings and
menu and choose either graphical or tabular format.
Step 2. Capture or load the desired plot. Step 3. Copy the data to the clipboard by selecting the
from the Edit menu.
Step 4. To paste to a graphic application, open the application and select Paste from the
application’s
Step 5. To paste to a spreadsheet, open the spreadsheet program and place the cursor
where the first data point should appear.
Clipboard Format from the top menu bar and pull-down
Copy Plot Data icon or Copy
Edit menu.
-
-
Step 6. Select Paste from the spreadsheet program’s
Edit menu.
Saving Data to a Database
Plots can be saved to a database. Comments can be added to the plot data saved. Queries of the database provide a means of comparing plots in the database. Refer to the on-line help screens for operating instructions.
To save a plot to a database, click on
tabase
from the drop-down menu.
File, in the top menu bar, and select Save Plot to Da
“Drag-n-Drop”
Site Master Software Tools is Windows based. Graphs can “Drag-n-Drop” onto each other. Site Master Software Tools allows quick comparison of “before” and “after” Distance-To­Fault measurements. Recent data is compared to a historical PC database record, which is usually recorded during site installation/commissioning.
-
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Chapter 5 Software Tools Program
Each cable/antenna tends to have a unique Distance-To-Fault (DTF) “Signature” because differing cable electrical lengths, cable types, dielectric thickness variations, and the posi tions of components (connectors, adapters, and lightning arresters) will cause different re flections at differing positions in the transmission line. Variations in the “signature” between maintenance intervals offer a good indication of damage or damage causing condi tions.
Printing
-
-
-
Captured traces may be printed from a PC using Site Master Software Tools. Once a cap tured trace has been downloaded choose printer setup can be altered, plots can be scaled, and multiple plots can be printed from the Print dialog box.
Print under the File menu for printing options. The
-
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Appendix A Reference Data
Coaxial Cable Technical Data
Table A-1 provides a standard listing of common coaxial cables along with their “Relative Propagation Velocity” and “Nominal Attenuation in dB/m @1000 MHz” values.
Table A-1. Coaxial Cable Technical Data (1 of 2)
Cable Type
RG8, 8A 0.659 0.262 RG9, 9A 0.659 0.289 RG17, 17A 0.659 0.180 RG55, 55A, 55B 0.659 0.541 RG58, 58B 0.659 0.558 RG58A, 58C 0.659 0.787 RG142 0.690 0.443 RG174 0.660 0.984 RG178B 0.690 1.509 RG188 0.690 1.017 RG213 0.660 0.292 RG214 0.659 0.292 RG223 0.659 0.535 FSJ1-50A 0.840 0.197 FSJ2-50 0.830 0.134 FSJ4-50B 0.810 0.119 LDF4-50A 0.880 0.077 LDF5-50A 0.890 0.043 LDF6-50 0.890 0.032 LDF7-50A 0.880 0.027 LDF12-50 0.880 0.022 HJ4-50 0.914 0.087 HJ4.5-50 0.920 0.054 HJ5-50 0.916 0.042 HJ7-50A 0.921 0.023 LMR100 0.800 0.792 LMR200 0.830 0.344 LMR240 0.840 0.262 LMR400 0.850 0.135 LMR500 0.860 0.109
Relative Propagation Velocity (
)
V
f
Nominal Attenuation
dB/m @ 1000 MHz
A-1
Page 83
Appendix A Reference Data
Table A-1. Coaxial Cable Technical Data (2 of 2)
Cable Type
LMR600 0.870 0.087 LMR900 0.870 0.056 LMR1200 0.880 0.044 LMR1700 0.890 0.033 HCC12-50J 0.915 0.042 HCC78-50J 0.915 0.042 HCC158-50J 0.950 0.023 HCC300-50J 0.960 0.014 HCC312-50J 0.960 0.013 HF 4-1/8" Cu2Y 0.970 0.010 HF 5" Cu2Y 0.960 0.007 HF 6-1/8" Cu2Y 0.970 0.006 FLC 38-50J 0.880 0.115 FLC 12-50J 0.880 0.075 FLC 78-50J 0.880 0.045 FLC 114-50J 0.880 0.034 FLC 158-50J 0.880 0.029 CR50 540PE 0.880 0.070 CR50 1070PE 0.880 0.038 310801 0.820 0.115 311201 0.800 0.180 311501 0.800 0.230 311601 0.800 0.262 311901 0.800 0.377 352001 0.800 0.377
Relative Propagation Velocity (
)
V
f
Nominal Attenuation
dB/m @ 1000 MHz
A-2
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