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Contents
1
2
Introduction
Point-to-Point Topology1
Point-to-Multipoint Topology2
Antennas and Cables3
Omnidirectional Antenna3
Flat-panel Directional Antenna3
Selecting an Antenna4
Antenna Options4
Selecting a Cable4
Cable Options4
Installing the Hardware and Software
Wireless Bridge Kit Contents5
System Requirements5
Physical Dimensions6
LED Indicators7
Bridge Placement Considerations7
Indoor Location7
Outdoor Location7
Considering Antenna Placement8
Proper Grounding8
Alignment8
Polarization8
Installing the Hardware9
Installing the Wireless Bridge Manager Software11
3
Configuring the Bridge
Starting the Bridge Manager13
Scanning for Bridge Groups14
Selecting a Bridge to Configure15
Setting Network and Security Values16
Establishing a Direct Serial Connection45
Establishing a Telnet Connection46
Using the Terminal Configurator47
Main Menu Overview47
Edit Configuration Menu Overview48
Using The Editor48
Configuration File Format48
File Contents49
Limited Warranty and Regulatory Compliance Information
3Com Corporation Limited Warranty
Regulatory Compliance Information
1Introduction
The 3Com Wireless Building-to-Building Bridge lets you wirelessly connect previously
isolated, wired networks scattered across a campus of buildings. You can extend the reach
of any number of wired LANs without needing to physically lay cable between the
buildings that house them.
A wireless local area network (WLAN), can be an extension or alternative to a wired
network within a building or campus. Data is transmitted and received across the WLAN
using radio waves instead of cable. In a wireless LAN environment, no cabling is needed
between nodes for data communication. The 3Com Wireless Building-to-Building Bridge
provides a way to extend the scope of the wireless LAN far beyond the walls of a particular
building.
A 3Com Wireless Building-to-Building Bridge can be used in two network configurations,
or topologies:
Point-to-point communication
■
Point-to-multipoint communication
■
This guide explains these network topologies and their components, and leads you
through the process of installing, configuring, and administering the 3Com Wireless
Building-to-Building Bridge.
Point-to-Point Topology
Point-to-point topology is the simplest way to use your 3Com Wireless Building-toBuilding Bridge. Two wireless bridges form a link between the wired LANs in two separate
buildings, as shown in the figure below. This topology typically uses only directional
antennas for communication between the two bridges (see “Antennas and Cables”
on page 3).
1
1Introduction
Point-to-Multipoint Topology
3Com Wireless Building-to-Building Bridges can be used for communicating among
multiple (two or more) bridges, with each bridge connected to a particular building’s wired
LAN. The next figure shows a bridging network in which four 3Com Building-to-Building
Bridges are used to provide wireless connectivity among four buildings. This topology
typically uses omnidirectional antennas for communication between bridges if bridging is
desired among all buildings in the bridging network without restriction (see “Antennas
and Cables” on page 3).
In this configuration, the wireless bridges make all four wired LANs appear to be
connected by the same Ethernet cable. Using wireless bridges in this manner provides a
cost-effective way to wirelessly link multiple wired LAN networks by eliminating the need
to install cables between buildings.
An alternative point-to-multipoint configuration is shown in the following figure.
In this example, the first building’s bridge is using an omnidirectional antenna while the
other three buildings have bridges using directional antennas. In this case, the three
bridges with directional antennas can communicate only with the bridge using the omnidirection antenna; they cannot communicate directly with each other. The bridge using
the omnidirectional antenna can communicate with the other three bridges.
CAUTION:
possibly result in lower performance than a point-to-multipoint configuration that
uses only omnidirectional antennas.
This alternative, mixed-antenna point-to-multipoint topology, can
2
Antennas and Cables
You can connect the following types of antennas to the 3Com Wireless Building-toBuilding Bridge:
■
■
For best performance, place each antenna outdoors using the mounting hardware
provided with the antenna. Outdoor placement is especially important if the building
consists of metal construction or has metal siding. If necessary, you can mount an antenna
inside a building; however, indoor placement reduces the antenna’s effective range.
The following figures illustrate the different types of antennas and typical examples of use.
See Chapter 2, “Installing the Hardware and Software,” for detailed information about
recommended 3Com antennas.
Omnidirectional Antenna
An omnidirectional antenna provides short-range, point-to-multipoint connectivity for two
or more wireless bridges. Range with an omnidirectional antenna is approximately 1300
meters at 11 megabits per second (Mbps).
Antennas and Cables
Flat-panel directional
Omnidirectional
Flat-panel Directional Antenna
A flat-panel directional antenna provides long-range, point-to-point connectivity between
two wireless bridges. Range can be as high as 4.1 kilometers (km) at 11 Mbps.
3
1Introduction
Selecting an Antenna
The following table shows guidelines for selecting antennas based upon their gain
properties (expressed in decibels (dB)). The gain of any antenna is essentially a
specification that quantifies how well that antenna is able to direct the radiated radio
frequency (RF) energy into a particular direction. Thus, high-gain antennas direct their
energy more narrowly and precisely, and low-gain ones direct energy more broadly.
The range estimates listed are those that can be expected between two 3Com Wireless
Building-to-Building Bridges using the listed antenna combinations.
9
a
Gain
Antenna A
445220.3Omni-to-omni
488270.5Omni-to-omni
881,3110.8Omni-to-omni
4131,4710.9Omni-to-panel
4182,6161.6Omni-to-panel
8132,3321.4Omni-to-panel
8184,1462.6Omni-to-panel
13134,1462.6Panel-to-panel
13183,6952.3Panel-to-panel
b
18
Gain
Antenna B
183,2932.0Panel-to-panel
Distance
(Meters)
Distance
(Miles)Antenna Types
a.
Gain is shown in dB
b.
18 dB antenna typically paired with 50-ft cable accessory
Antenna Options
The following 3Com antennas are available for use with the 3Com Wireless Building-toBuilding Bridge:
3CWE490 4 dB Omnidirectional
■
3CWE491 8 dB Omnidirectional
■
3CWE495 13 dB Bidirectional Panel
■
3CWE496 18 dB Directional Panel
■
Selecting a Cable
Specific cables are available from 3Com for connecting the wireless bridge to an antenna.
In planning your bridging topology, it is important to account for signal attenuation due
to the cable and connectors used between the bridge and the antenna. Using the shortest
cables possible reduces signal loss.
3Com recommends using 50-ft cable with 18 dB antenna (with 10 dB attenuation) for
typical installations.
Cable Options
The following 3Com cables are available for use with the 3Com Wireless Building-toBuilding Bridge:
3CWE480A — 6 ft
■
3CWE481A — 20 ft
■
3CWE482A — 50 ft
■
4
Installing the
2
Hardware and Software
This chapter describes the contents of the 3Com Wireless Building-to-Building Bridge
package, system requirements, configuration guidelines, and hardware and software
installation procedures.
CAUTION:
antennas should be done only by professional network personnel.
Wireless Bridge Kit Contents
In your 3Com Wireless Building-to-Building Bridge package, you will find the following
components:
3Com Wireless Building-to-Building Bridge
■
RJ-45 Ethernet crossover cable
■
5.2V Universal AC-to-DC power supply and cord
■
Mounting hardware
■
Printed quick start guide with warranty
■
■
Installation
If any of these items is missing or damaged, please contact the place of purchase or 3Com
Customer Support (http://support.3com.com).
Installing the 3Com Wireless Building-to-Building Bridge, cables, and
CD containing this user guide and configuration software
System Requirements
Before you can install a set of wireless bridges, your system environment must satisfy the
conditions listed below. You need to have:
■
■
■
■
Physically isolated Ethernet LANs
Two or more 3Com Wireless Building-to-Building Bridges
One antenna with cable for each wireless bridge unit (can be purchased separately
from 3Com as an accessory)
Computer with Windows 95, 98, Me, Windows 2000, or Windows NT installed
5
2Installing the Hardware and Software
Physical Dimensions
If you want to mount the wireless bridge on a vertical surface, see the outside dimensions
and mounting hole dimensions of the mounting plate shown below. Primary dimensions
are given in inches and secondary dimensions are shown in millimeters.
Use #6 or M4 flathead fasteners
for mounting bracket
3.89"
(99 mm)
.50"
(13 mm)
1.95"
(49 mm)
.77"
(20 mm)
3.38"
(86 mm)
6.20"
(157 mm)
1.10"
(28 mm)
6
LED Indicators
LED Indicators
The 3Com Wireless Building-to-Building Bridge has five LED indicators, as shown in the
figure below.
Wireless
Building-to-Building
Bridge
Powe r
Alert
Wireless
Ethernet
Serial
The LED indicators are described in the table below:
LEDLights
PowerGreen when power is applied.
AlertAmber when status information is available. View the event log for status information.
(See “Event Log” on page 33 for more information.)
WirelessGreen when the bridge is associated with another bridge and lights amber during radio
communication.
EthernetGreen to show that a valid Ethernet link is present through the 10BASE-T port. Lights
amber during Ethernet activity.
SerialGreen when receiving data through the serial port and lights amber when transmitting
data through the serial port.
Bridge Placement Considerations
Indoor Location
Place the wireless bridge in a location that:
Is conveniently located for connection to the Ethernet network.
■
Allows easy viewing of the front panel LED indicators, and access to the rear panel
■
connectors, if necessary.
Outdoor Location
It may be necessary to mount the wireless bridge in an outdoor location. If you place the
bridge in an outdoor location, you should cover it with an optional outdoor enclosure
accessory. To obtain an outdoor enclosure accessory, contact 3Com at http://www.3com.com.
For installation instructions, refer to the procedure provided with the enclosure accessory.
7
2Installing the Hardware and Software
Considering Antenna Placement
You can place the antenna either indoors or outdoors. An outdoor location, such as a
rooftop, provides the following advantages:
Fewer obstacles to signal paths between wireless bridges
■
Increased antenna range
■
Fewer multipath problems
■
Proper Grounding
To ensure the physical safety of anyone near the antenna and to prevent damage to
the wireless bridge, follow the building codes for antenna installations in your area.
This approach typically means making certain that antennas and antenna masts are
appropriately grounded to prevent injury or damage from lightning strikes.
Most of the antennas shipped with the wireless bridge do not have an electrical connection
between the mask mount and the coaxial cable shield. However, adding a lightning arrestor
will correct that situation by grounding the outer shield as recommended. In some arrestor
designs, there is also some over-voltage protection for the signal sent down the cable. If you
use such a component, be sure that it is designed to pass signals used in the 2.5 GHz signal
range (many inexpensive units are available with F connectors, but these are typically
designed for cable TV-UHF applications and may degrade the signals in the band used by
the wireless bridge).
Alignment
Position each antenna so that there are minimal obstacles between it and any other
antenna with which it will communicate. While maintaining a direct line of sight between
antennas is not strictly necessary, such an arrangement helps to ensure a strong signal.
Align each directional antenna to point at the antenna with which it will communicate.
If you place two directional antennas at different heights, tilt them up or down toward
each other for optimal signal strength. Make sure that the angle of tilt is identical for each
antenna: the antenna faces should be parallel.
While aligning the antenna, you may want to use the Wireless Bridge Manager Received
Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) Monitor tool (preferably loaded on a mobile PC that can
be used at the antenna site) to adjust the antenna to achieve the maximum possible
received signal strength. See “Viewing Signal Strength with the RSSI Monitor” on page 36
for more information.
Polarization
Polarization is a physical phenomenon of radio signal propagation. In general, any two
antennas that are to form a link with each other must be set for the same polarization.
If for example, two antennas for a link are linearly polarized, they must both be vertically
polarized or horizontally polarized. If both antennas do not have the same polarization,
the link will either work poorly, or not at all.The situation where one antenna is vertically
polarized and the other is horizontally polarized is known as cross-polarization.
Antenna polarity should be identical for each antenna in a bridging link or network.
Vertical polarization is preferred in most cases. Make sure that every directional antenna is
properly oriented for vertical polarization (according to the polarization indicator shown
on the antenna panel).
Omnidirectional antennas should be vertically aligned in relation to the ground.
8
Installing the Hardware
Installing the Hardware
CAUTION:
Installing the 3Com Wireless Building-to-Building Bridge, cables, and
antennas should be done only by professional network personnel.
Remove your 3Com Wireless Building-to-Building Bridge from the packaging.
1
The bridge ships fully assembled. An SMA port for attaching the antenna cable is
located on one side of the bridge (see figure below).
Serial
Bridge
Building-to-Building
5
V
D
C
1
0
R
J
-4
5
Wireless
Ethernet
Wireless
Alert
Power
SMA port
S
e
ria
l
C
o
n
fig
.
If you plan to mount the bridge on the wall or ceiling, remove the bottom mounting
2
plate, as shown in the figure below. If you are not mounting the bridge, leave the
mounting plate on the bottom of the bridge.
To mount the bridge, install the mounting plate where desired using the mounting
3
hardware provided (see “Physical Dimensions” on page 6 for the physical dimensions
of the mounting plate).
9
2Installing the Hardware and Software
After securing the mounting plate to the desired location, attach the bridge onto the
4
mounting plate.
If you are mounting the bridge in an outdoor location, install the outdoor enclosure
5
accessory according to the installation instructions provided with the accessory.
Connect the antenna cable to the SMA port at the end of the bridge unit
6
(see figure below).
1
1 SMA port
2 Power jack
3 10BASE-T Ethernet port
Connect the other end of the antenna cable to the antenna.
7
Insert one end of the RJ-45 crossover cable into the bridge 10BASE-T connector. Insert
8
2
5 VDC
3
10
RJ-45
4 Serial port
5 Configuration button
4
SerialConfig.
5
the other end of the cable into your Ethernet LAN connector.
Connect power to the bridge.
9
Connect the six-pin DC power cable to the power adapter.
a
Connect the round power plug of the DC cable to the port labeled 5 VDC.
b
Connect the AC power cord to the other side of the power adapter.
c
Insert the AC power cord into an AC power outlet.
d
Verify that the bridge Ethernet LED is illuminated (see “LED Indicators” on page 7),
10
indicating a valid Ethernet connection to your Ethernet LAN.
Your bridge hardware is now ready for configuration using the 3Com Wireless Buildingto-Building Bridge Manager software.
10
Installing the Wireless Bridge Manager Software
Installing the Wireless Bridge Manager Software
You can install the 3Com Wireless Building-to-Building Bridge Manager on a PC or
workstation running Windows 95, 98, Me, Windows 2000, or Windows NT. The Bridge
Manager is a software configuration utility that allows you to graphically and remotely:
Display a list of wireless bridges running on the local network.
■
Display and edit the current configuration of any wireless bridge.
■
Save and load configurations.
■
Update the wireless bridge firmware.
■
Perform all configuration and management functions.
■
You typically install the Bridge Manager on:
One desktop computer, through which you can globally configure and administer all
■
of the wireless bridges.
One laptop computer, through which you can adjust antenna polarization during
■
installation by using the RSSI monitor at the antenna site.
If the Bridge Manager is not available, you can use the terminal configurator as an
alternative method to configure the bridge. See Appendix B, “Using the Terminal
Configurator,” for more information.
Insert the
1
Installation
If the installation program does not begin automatically:
CD into your computer’s CD-ROM drive.
Click
a
b
c
My Computer
Click the icon for the drive in which the
Double-click setup.exe.
NOTE:
When you first insert the
.
Installation
Installation
CD or run the Setup utility you will see
CD is located.
a message indicating that files are being copied to your system. These are
temporary files used by the installation program, and are not the Wireless Bridge
Manager program files.
The Welcome screen appears.
2
Click
to continue the installation.
Next
The Software License screen appears.
3
Click
to indicate that you agree with the displayed terms.
Yes
The Choose Destination Location screen appears. This screen displays the default path
and location for the Bridge Manager files and documents:
You can leave the directory set at the default path, or you can change the directory to
suit your requirements.
Enter the directory in which the Bridge Manager program will be installed. When you
4
have finished, click
to continue.
Next
The Bridge Manager files and documents are installed in the directory you specified.
It is possible that the installer will require that you restart your computer to complete
the installation. When the installation is complete, a message is displayed that
confirms a successful installation.
5
Click
to exit the installation.
Finish
The Bridge Manager is now installed and you are ready to use it to configure your
wireless bridges. Proceed to Chapter 3, “Configuring the Bridge.”
11
3Configuring the Bridge
This chapter describes how to add a 3Com Wireless Building-to-Building Bridge to your
wireless network using the Wireless Bridge Manager configuration utility.
The 3Com Wireless Building-to-Building Bridge Manager software communicates with
each wireless bridge using a non-routable protocol. Therefore, your wireless bridges must
be accessible on the local subnet to communicate with the Bridge Manager.
Starting the Bridge Manager
To run the Wireless Bridge Manager, follow these steps:
On the Windows taskbar, click
1
Select
2
Programs
the Wireless Bridge Manager (see “Installing the Wireless Bridge Manager Software”
on page 11).
.
Start
and then select the Program Group you created when you installed
Select the
3
The 3Com Wireless Building-to-Building Bridge Manager screen appears and the
Bridge Manager automatically scans the network for currently accessible bridge
groups. (See the next section,”Scanning for Bridge Groups,” for more information
about bridge groups.)
3Com Wireless Bridge Manager
entry.
13
3Configuring the Bridge
Scanning for Bridge Groups
Whenever it is started, the Wireless Bridge Manager automatically scans the local network
to detect currently accessible bridge groups. In this case, a
wireless bridges having the same wireless local area network (WLAN) service area (also
known as an Extended Service Set Identification (ESSID)).
You can force the Bridge Manager to scan the network without having to restart it.
To force the Bridge Manager to scan for accessible bridge groups, click
lower-right corner of the 3Com Wireless Building-to-Building Bridge Manager screen.
bridge group
is defined as all
Refresh
in the
14
After completing the scan, the Bridge Manager displays the detected bridge groups on
the 3Com Wireless Building-to-Building Bridge Manager screen. Also displayed are all the
individual bridges associated with each detected bridge group. You configure a bridge
unit by selecting it on this screen, as described in the next section “Selecting a Bridge to
Configure.”
Selecting a Bridge to Configure
To start configuring a wireless bridge unit, display the 3Com Wireless Building-to-Building
Bridge Manager screen (described in “Scanning for Bridge Groups” on page 14) and
follow these steps:
To show the options available for a listed wireless bridge unit, right-click the displayed
1
unit name.
Select
2
.
Configure.
Selecting a Bridge to Configure
The Wireless Bridge Configuration screen appears (see the next figure), displaying
tabs for
Network / Security, Options, Tools
, and
. The functions of these tabs are
Info
described in the following sections.
15
3Configuring the Bridge
Setting Network and Security Values
You can change network and security settings for the wireless bridge in the
Security
you set the following values:
tab of the Wireless Bridge Configuration screen. The
WLAN service area (ESSID)
■
Level of desired WEP (Wired Equivalent Protection) security
■
Station name
■
IP address
■
Subnet mask address
■
Gateway address
■
Network /
Network / Security
tab lets
16
Setting Network and Security Values
Network Settings
Network settings determine the wireless network with which the bridge can associate.
Some wireless LANs are set up with different WLAN service areas. The WLAN service area
is used to specify a unique wireless network. Wireless bridges use the WLAN service area
to connect to a specific network. Only bridges with the same WLAN service area can
associate with each other; they cannot communicate with bridges that have different
WLAN service areas.
To c h a n g e th e
Enter the name of a WLAN service area.
1
Network / Security
tab settings:
The WLAN service area (ESSID) is used to specify a unique wireless network. The
service area name can be up to 32 alphanumeric characters long. Only bridges with
the same WLAN service area can associate with each other; they cannot communicate
with bridges that have different WLAN service areas.
Use the Security Setting pull-down menu to select one of the following WEP security
2
settings:
No Security (Open System)
■
40-bit shared key for basic encryption
■
128-bit shared key for strong encryption
■
Using either a 40-bit or 128-bit shared key setting, all wireless bridges in a single
wireless LAN service area (sharing the same ESSID) must share the same security key.
The security settings for any associating bridge pair must match exactly. For more
information about the security settings, see the next section, “Security Settings.”
Enter the Station Name.
3
The station name is an arbitrary identifier for each wireless bridge. This value lets you
conveniently identify the bridges with the Wireless Bridge Manager. Assigning a
meaningful station name to each wireless bridge is recommended. Like the WLAN
Service Area Name (step 1), this field uses any alphanumeric combination.
Enter the IP Address you want to assign to the wireless bridge.
4
The IP address is the network address that will be used by other computers to
communicate with the wireless bridge. Assigning an IP address to the bridge is
required only if you plan to use Telnet for remote configuration. (See Appendix B,
“Using the Terminal Configurator,” for more information about using Telnet.)
Enter the Subnet Mask value.
5
This value defines the range of IP addresses available within your local network.
Assigning a subnet mask address to the bridge is required only if you plan to use
Telnet for remote configuration.
If your network uses a gateway (router or firewall), enter the Gateway IP address.
6
You must enter the IP address of your gateway if you plan to use Telnet to administer
the wireless bridge from computers on a different subnet. You may leave this field
blank if no gateway is present or needed. Assigning a gateway address to the bridge
is required only if you plan to use Telnet for remote configuration.
7
Click
Apply
.
When the wireless bridge has joined your wireless network by associating with
another wireless bridge, the radio association LED will light green.
17
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