Page 1
PVI 23TL
PVI 28TL
INSTALLATION AND OPERATION MANUAL
Revision J
[Generation III (SN Prefixes 101301 and 101302)]
© 2017, Yaskawa – Solectria Solar
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PVI 23-28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
IMPORTANT REGISTRATION AND
WARRANTY INFORMATION
For warranty to become active, this inverter
must be registered. To activate warranty and
register inverter, please visit the link below.
www.solectria.com/registration
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
In this manual, “inverter” or “inverters” refers to the inverter models: PVI 23TL and PVI 28TL,
unless one of the specific models is noted.
This manual contains important instructions that shall be followed during installation and
maintenance of the inverter.
To reduce the risk of electrical shock, and to ensure the safe installation and operation of the
inverter, the following safety symbols are used to indicate dangerous conditions and important
safety instructions:
WARNING: This symbol, along with the word “WARNING”, indicates a fact or
feature important for the safety of the user and/or which can cause serious
hardware damage if not applied appropriately.
Use extreme caution when performing this task.
NOTE: This indicates a feature that is important either for optimal and efficient
use or system operation.
EXAMPLE: This indicates an example.
SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS
DOCR-070365-J Page 3 of 66
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
All electrical installations shall be performed in accordance with all applicable local, American, or Canadian
electrical codes.
The inverter contains no user-serviceable parts. Please contact Solectria Renewables or a Solectria
Renewables authorized system installer for maintenance. See Appendix C for Solectria Renewables contact
information and Appendix D for information regarding authorized system installers.
Before installing or using the inverter, please read all instructions and caution markings in this manual as well
as those on the inverter and PV modules.
Connection of the inverter to the electric utility grid must be completed after receiving prior approval from the
utility company and must only be performed by qualified personnel.
Completely cover the surface of all PV arrays with an opaque material before wiring them. PV arrays produce
electrical energy when exposed to light and could create a hazardous condition.
DANGER!
Danger to life due to fire or explosion:
Despite careful construction, electrical devices can cause fires.
-Do not mount the inverter on flammable construction materials.
-Do not mount the inverter in areas where highly flammable materials are stored.
-Do not mount the inverters in areas with a risk of explosion
SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS
PRESCRIPTIONS DE SECURITE IMPORTANTES
Tous les travaux d’installation électrique doivent être exécutés en conformité aux normes électriques locales
ainsi qu’à la norme nationale américaine et canadienne.
Le PVI ne contient aucune pièce requérant un entretient effectué par l‘utilisateur. Pour toute maintenance,
veuillez consulter Solectria Renewables ou un installateur agrée par Solectria Renewables (les coordonnées de
Solectria Renewables et des installateurs agrées sont indiquées sur le site web de Solectria Renewables:
www.solren.com.
Avant d’installer ou d’utiliser le PVI veuillez lire toutes instructions et toutes les mises en garde présentes dans
ce manuel, sur le SGI et sur les modules PV.
Le raccordement du PVI au réseau électrique ne doit être effectuée qu’après avoir obtenu une entente
d’interconnexion auprès de la compagnie locale de distribution électrique et uniquement par du personnel
autorisé et qualifié.
La surface de tous les capteurs PV doivent être recouverte entièrement d’un matériel opaque
DOCR-070365-J Page 4 of 66
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
(noir) avant de procéder au câblage. Les capteurs PV exposés a la lumière produisent du courant électrique
susceptible de créer une situation de risque.
CONSERVEZ CES INSTRUCTIONS
DOCR-070365-J Page 5 of 66
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction ...........................................................................................................................7
1.1 PVI 23-28TL Inverter Enclosure ................................................................................................... 9
1.2 PVI 23-28TL Inverter Main Parts and Accessories .................................................................... 10
2.0 Site Preparation and Inverter Placement ............................................................................... 12
2.1 Criteria for Device Mounting .................................................................................................... 12
3.0 Inverter Mounting ................................................................................................................ 14
3.1 Checking for Shipping Damage ................................................................................................. 14
3.2 Unpacking and Moving the Inverter into Place ........................................................................ 14
3.3 Inverter Positioning and Mounting ........................................................................................... 15
3.4 Installing the Mounting Bracket................................................................................................ 18
4.0 Grounding Connections ......................................................................................................... 21
4.1 Inverter Knockouts .................................................................................................................... 21
4.2 DC/AC Grounding ...................................................................................................................... 22
5.0 DC Connections from the PV Array ........................................................................................ 23
5.1 DC Wiring .................................................................................................................................. 24
5.2 Dual Maximum Power Point Tracking ....................................................................................... 26
5.3 Fuse Bypass OPT-FUSEBYPASS-PVI-23-28 ................................................................................. 28
6.0 AC Connections at the Inverter .............................................................................................. 30
6.1 AC Interconnections to Grid ...................................................................................................... 31
7.0 Communication Connections ................................................................................................. 32
7.1 Modbus (RS-485) Network Connections with External Monitoring Systems .................................... 34
7.2 Connecting TL Inverters using SolrenView Monitoring Option ................................................ 39
7.3 Dry Contact Communication ............................................................................................................. 40
8.0 Commissioning the Inverter PV System .................................................................................. 44
8.1 Turning On the Inverter ............................................................................................................ 44
8.2 Operation .................................................................................................................................. 44
8.3 Turning Off the Inverter ............................................................................................................ 44
9.0 LCD and LED Indicators .......................................................................................................... 45
9.1 LCD ............................................................................................................................................ 45
9.2 Screen Descriptions................................................................................................................... 47
10.0 Troubleshooting and Inverter Messages ............................................................................... 51
11.0 Product Maintenance ........................................................................................................... 55
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
11.1 Check the Electrical Connection ............................................................................................... 55
11.2 Clean the Air Vent Filter ............................................................................................................ 55
12.0 Product Warranty and RMA Policy ....................................................................................... 56
12.1 Warranty and Registration ........................................................................................................ 56
13.0 Technical Data ..................................................................................................................... 56
13.1 Output AC Specifications .......................................................................................................... 56
13.2 Input DC (PV) Specifications ...................................................................................................... 57
13.3 Other Specifications .................................................................................................................. 57
13.4 Temperature Derating Curve .................................................................................................... 58
13.5 Power Derating Curve Out of MPPT Zone ................................................................................ 58
13.6 Altitude Derating Curve ............................................................................................................ 59
13.7 Internal Circuit Diagram ............................................................................................................ 59
14.0 Accessory Options ............................................................................................................... 60
14.1 Fuse Bypass ............................................................................................................................... 60
14.2 SolrenView Monitoring ............................................................................................................. 61
14.3 Shade Cover .............................................................................................................................. 61
14.4 AC & DC Disconnect Covers ...................................................................................................... 63
15.0 Appendices ......................................................................................................................... 64
Appendix A – PVI 23-28TL Datasheet ...................................................................................................... 64
Appendix B – String Sizing Tool................................................................................................................ 64
Appendix C – Contact Information .......................................................................................................... 64
Appendix D – Authorized Distributors ..................................................................................................... 64
Appendix E – UL 1741 / UL 1699B/ IEEE 1547 / CSA 22.2#107.1 Authorization to Mark........................ 65
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PVI 23-28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
1.0 Introduction
The PVI 23TL and 28TL are commercial, dual MPPT, three-phase utility-interactive,
transformerless PV inverters designed to be interconnected to the electric utility grid. The
inverter is listed for use with ungrounded PV arrays only. By following this manual, the inverter
can be installed and operated safely. This installation guide is used as a reference for
commissioning and as a guideline on how to use the inverter most effectively.
This inverter is a transformerless type without galvanic isolation. Therefore, the inverter may only
be operated with ungrounded PV arrays. Furthermore, the PV array must be installed in
accordance with NEC 690.35 (Ungrounded Photovoltaic Power Systems) and local regulations for
ungrounded PV arrays. Additionally, the PV array (PV modules and cabling) must have protective
insulation and the PV modules used must be suitable for use with this inverter.
The PVI 23-28TL includes key product protection functions, such as:
Anti-Islanding Protection
DC Arc-fault Circuit Interruption
Protection Against Reverse Polarity
Short Circuit Protection
Monitoring DC Input Insulation Against Ground
Monitoring AC Output Voltage and Frequency
Monitoring Leakage Current Against Ground (GFCI)
Monitoring DC Injection from AC Output
DC Input and AC Output Over-voltage Protection
DC Input Over-current Protection
Monitoring Ambient Temperature
Monitoring IGBT Module Temperature
Wide-range Frequency and Voltage Support
The inverter is suitable for use indoors and outdoors. It meets the requirements of ANSI/NFPA
70, NEC690.5, UL 1741, IEEE 1547, and IEEE 1547.1 for the parallel operation of power generation
plants on low-voltage networks of regional electrical utility companies.
The function of the Anti-Islanding protection complies with UL 1741/IEEE 1547 specifications. The
Anti-Islanding function guarantees secure disconnection in the case of circuit isolation or
interruptions in power supply while also protecting against isolated operation.
A DC arc-fault circuit interruption is integrated into the PVI 23-28TL inverter and complies with
the requirement of a Type 1 device in the UL 1699B standard.
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
Photovoltaic
Array
PVI 23TL
PVI 28TL
Inverter
Electrical
Grid
Feeding power back to the grid involves the conversion of DC voltage from the PV array to grid
compatible AC voltage by inverting DC to AC. This unit feeds power into a standard, three-phase
commercial, industrial, institutional, or electrical utility facility’s electrical system which is
connected to the electrical grid.
If the PV system and inverter are providing the same amount of electrical power that the facility
is using, then no power is taken from or fed into the utility grid. If the facility is using more power
than the PV system is providing, then the utility grid provides the balance of power. If the facility
is using less power than the PV system is generating, then the excess is fed into the utility grid.
Be sure to follow local regulations regarding net metering and interconnection in your local area.
Note that some utilities need to change their kWh meter for proper net metering measurement
and billing.
Figure 1.1 – Grid-Tied Inverter Application
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
1
3
4
4
9
2
5 6 7
8
① Inverter Main Housing
Does not contain any serviceable parts;
opening this section voids the inverter
warranty.
② Wiring Box
For customer’s AC and DC wire
connections.
③ Mounting Bracket
④ Cooling Fans
⑤ LED Indicators
There are four LED indicators used to
signal the operating status of the
inverter.
⑥ LCD
The LCD displays all measured values
and parameters.
⑦ Control Keys
There are 4 control keys, to switch
between display menus and to
configure the settings of the inverter.
⑧ DC Disconnect Switch
Built-in, lockable disconnect switch
used to disconnect the DC input to the
inverter.
⑨ AC Disconnect Switch
Built-in, lockable disconnect switch
used to disconnect the AC output from
the PV inverter.
1.1 PVI 23-28TL Inverter Enclosure
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Figure 1.2 – PVI 23TL Inverter Interface
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
Item
Quantity
Description
Inverter Main Housing
1
The upper section of the inverter. It contains no
serviceable parts and the opening of this section voids
the inverter warranty.
Wiring Box
1
The lower section of the inverter, intended for
customer’s AC and DC wire connections.
Mounting Bracket
1
Used to mount an inverter to the wall.
Installation and Operation
Manual
1
Please read carefully before attempting to install the
inverter.
M8 Expansion Tubes
8
Used for mounting bracket installation.
M8*25 Assembly Bolt
8
Used for mounting bracket installation.
M6*16 Screw
6
Four are used to connect the main housing of the
inverter to the wiring box (2 are spares).
M5*10 Screw
8
Six for mounting the inverter to the mounting bracket,
one for external ground connection (one spare).
M3*8 Screw
2
Secures the partition plate between the signal wires
and the AC power wires.
M5 Flange Nut
2
One for internal ground stud connection (one spare).
M10 Lifting Eye Nut
2
Used for lifting the main housing.
OT Type Terminal
2
Can be used for grounding connections.
Pre-insulated End Ferrule for DC
Connections
20
16 for DC input cables (4 are spares).
RJ45 Connector
4
For Ethernet communication (2 are spares).
5-Pin Connector
1
For RS-485 communication.
3-Pin Connector
1
For dry contact communication.
Partition Plate
1
The partition between the signal wire and AC power
cables.
1.2 PVI 23-28TL Inverter Main Parts and Accessories
Every PVI 23-28TL inverter comes equiped with the following:
Table 1.1 – Inverter Main Parts and Accessories
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
DC DISCONNECT
Figure 1.3 – PVI 23-28TL Inverter Dimensions
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
Inverter Model
Weight
PVI 23-28TL
122lbs (55kg)
2.0 Site Preparation and Inverter Placement
The inverter is comprised of a NEMA 4 enclosure, containing electrical and electronic
components as well as AC and DC integrated disconnects.
NOTE: If the inverter is mounted outside, ensure that the wiring box remains
closed during the installation process until access to the box is needed. This
precaution will help to avoid damage due to rain, snow, or condensation. Damage
to the inverter caused during the installation process will void the warranty. The
inverter main housing cover must remain on at all times.
NOTE: It is recommended to store the inverter indoors before installation. If the
inverter is to be stored outdoors before being installed and commissioned, care
must be taken to avoid condensation inside the unit.
2.1 Criteria for Device Mounting
Because the power electronics are within the rainproof enclosure, the inverter can be
mounted outdoors.
The maximum life for the inverter is achieved by mounting the unit in a clean, dry, and cool
location.
For optimal electrical system efficiency, use the shortest possible AC and DC cables but use
the maximum allowable cable size.
Install the inverter in an accessible location following local electric codes for enclosure
proximity to other equipment.
Although the inverter is designed to function at full power continuously up to 45°C ambient
temperature, for optimal inverter life and performance do not mount the inverter in direct
sunlight, especially in hot climates. If the unit must be mounted in direct sunlight, a sun-shield
is recommended but not required. It is recommended that the inverter is mounted on the
north side of buildings or on the north side of a ground mount PV array.
WARNING: Be sure to verify load capacity of wall or mounting area where the
inverter will be mounted.
Table 2.1 – Inverter Weight
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
The ambient temperature must be between -25°C and +45°C for full power and continuous
operation. The inverter will automatically reduce power or may shut down to protect itself if
ambient air temperature is outside the normal operating range.
The National Electrical Code (NEC) requires the inverter to be connected to a dedicated circuit
with no other outlets or devices connected to this circuit (see NEC Articles 690 and 705). The
NEC also imposes limitations on the size of the inverter and the manner in which it is
connected to the utility grid (see NEC Articles 690 and 705 for guidance within the US).
The cooling air exhausts are at the right of the inverter. As the air intake is on the left side of
the inverter section of the unit, there should be at least 12 inches of clear space at the left of
the enclosure. Air should be able to flow all around the unit for proper ventilation.
It is also recommended to have at least 24 inches of clearance at the bottom side for the
Inverter LCD to be at eye level (see Figure 3.3 for details).
A minimum distance of 12 inches must be clear above the inverter for ventilation.
If you are installing the inverter in a utility vault or electrical closet, the air circulation must be
sufficient for heat dissipation. Provide external ventilation to maintain an ambient condition
of 45°C or less for full power. The ambient temperature should be kept as low as possible at
all times for optimal inverter operation and life.
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
3.0 Inverter Mounting
WARNING: Any lifting or moving of the inverter requires at least two people.
Lifting of the crate/pallet requires at least three people.
3.1 Checking for Shipping Damage
The inverter is thoroughly checked and tested rigorously before it is shipped. Although the
shipping container is adequately designed to protect the inverter during shipment, the product
may be damaged by poor handling, trucking, or transfer station activity.
Please inspect the inverter thoroughly after it is delivered. If any damage is present, immediately
notify the shipping company to make a claim. If there is any question about potential shipping
damage, contact Solectria Renewables but do not remove the unit from pallet/packaging. Photos
of the damage would also be helpful in documenting potential shipping damage. If the unit is to
be returned, an RMA number must be obtained from Solectria Renewables prior to shipping the
unit back.
3.2 Unpacking and Moving the Inverter into Place
It is recommended to keep the inverter secured in its box and move it as close as possible to the
final location prior to removing it.
WARNING: Any lifting or moving of the inverter, without the aid of equipment,
should be performed by at least two people.
NOTE: Failure to follow these lifting guidelines may cause structural damage to the
inverter and void the warranty.
WARNING: Do not install the inverter over combustible surfaces or materials.
WARNING: Severe injury or death could occur if the mounting fails and the
inverter falls and lands on a person.
NOTE: The weight of the inverter will exert an added load to the wall or area
where it is to be mounted. Be sure to verify proper load capacity of mounting area.
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
3.3 Inverter Positioning and Mounting
The Inverter can be mounted vertically or with a 15°-90° horizontal angle, as shown in Figure 3.1a
and 31 b below.
The shade cover option must be purchased and installed for any installation angles of
75° or less.
Figure 3.1a – Allowable Inverter Mounting
WARNING: Do not install the inverter tilted forward, lying on its back, or upside
down as shown in Figure 3.1 c, d and e.
WARNING: Shade covers are required for inverters installed at angles 75° or less.
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
12.0in
(305mm)
12.0in
(305mm)
20.0in
(508mm)
24.0in
(610mm)
3.3.1 Wall Mounting
The minimum distances that should be met for wall mounting are shown in Figure 3.2 below.
For adequate cooling, there should be a minimum of ≥ 20 inches of space available between
two adjacently mounted inverters.
A minimum of 12 inches from the left side and 12 inches from the top are needed for
adequate access and cooling.
A distance of 24 inches from the bottom is recommended for the inverter’s LCD to be at eye
level. If needed, this distance can be lowered to 10 inches.
DOCR-070365-J Page 16 of 66
Figure 3.2 – Wall Mounting Clearance Requirements
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
7.9in
¡ Ý200mm
11.8in
¡ Ý300mm
23.6in
¡ Ý600mm
11.8in
¡ Ý300mm
11.8in
¡ Ý300mm
3.3.2 Wall Mounting/Mounting Bracket Clearance
Figure 3.3 – Wall Mounting Clearance Requirements of Mounting Bracket
3.3.3 Pillar Mounting
The minimum inverter mounting dimensions on a pillar are shown in Figure 3.4 below.
Figure 3.4 – Inverter Pillar Mounting Dimensions
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
Figure 3.5 – Inverter Wall Bracket Mounting
NOTE: Always use all (8)
mounting plate fasteners.
1. Mark the 8 holes on the load-bearing
surface using the available mounting
bracket as a template (see Figure 3.5).
2. Drill 8 holes with a 13/32-inch drill bit
and install eight “M8 expansion tubes”
(available in accessory box).
3. Secure the bracket to the wall using
eight M8X25 bolts (available in accessory
box). See Figure 3.5.
Figure 3.6 – Inverter Main Housing Mounting
4. (Option 1) Lift mounting: Attach both
lifting eye bolts (available in accessory
box) to the inverter housing box. Use a
sling rope or bar passed through both eye
bolts to mount the inverter to the
bracket.
(Option 2) Manual lift: Two people lift the
inverter from the bottom and manually
mount the inverter to the bracket.
5. Carefully secure the main housing of
the inverter onto the bracket.
1
2
3
9.84in.
9.84in.
20.55in.
5.51in.
(140mm)
(522mm)
(250mm)
(250mm)
3.4 Installing the Mounting Bracket
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
Figure 3.7 – Remove Cover Plate of Main Housing
6. Using a #2 Philips screw driver, remove
cover plate on the bottom of main
housing.
Figure 3.8 – Remove Cover of Wiring Box
7. Using a #2 Philips screw driver, remove
cover of wiring box and keep the cover (it
can be re-secured later onto the
enclosure).
Figure 3.9 – Connecting the Wire Box to the Main
Housing
8. Connect the wiring box to the main
housing using four M6*16 screws
(available in accessory box).
Torque = 25in-lbs
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
Figure 3.10 – Fasten the Main Housing and Wiring Box
onto the Bracket
9. Connect the main housing and
wiring box to the mounting bracket
using a #2 Philips screwdriver and six
M5*10 bolts (available in accessory
box).
Torque = 14in-lbs
Figure 3.11 – Attaching the Cover Board
10. The previously removed cover box
can be reattached to the left side of
the wiring box (available in accessory
box).
Figure 3.12 – Installing an Anti-theft Padlock
11. An anti-theft padlock can be
installed as shown in the image to the
left (padlock not available in
accessory box).
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
5.4in
10.1in
14.8in(377mm)
18.7in(475mm)
19.1in(485mm)
20.7in(525mm)
(137mm)
(257mm)
DC INPUT AC OUTPUT
COMM. PORT
1 2 3 45
7
6
For more details please
see the user manual.
WARNING:
High touch current .
Earth connection essential
before connecting supply.
4.0 Grounding Connections
WARNING: All electrical installations must be performed in accordance with any
applicable local electrical codes, and must be done by electrically qualified
personnel. AC and DC grounding connections should only be made directly to the
terminals within the wiring box.
4.1 Inverter Knockouts
The inverter comes equipped with identified knockouts at the bottom and the side of the
electrical wiring box. Adding additional knockouts will void the inverters warranty.
1. Knockout for DC input cable, 1-1/4inch
2. Knockout for AC output cable, 1-1/4inch
3. Knockout for communication cable, 3/4inch
4. External ground connection point
5. Side knockout for DC input cable,1-1/4inch
6. Side knockout for AC output cable, 1-1/4inch
7. Side knockout for communication cable，3/4inch
Figure 4.1 – Knockouts and External Ground Connection
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
DC equipment
ground
AC equipment
ground
Removing/Replacing the Wire Box Cover:
(1) Use a #3 Phillips screwdriver to remove the 4
screws on the wiring box and pull cover straight off
the box. Do not twist or slide the cover while
removing.
(2) To replace the cover use a #3 Phillips
screwdriver to replace the 4 screws on the cover.
INSTRUCTION:
Always use a hand tool (e.g. Screwdriver or Thandle, #3 Phillips), never a power tool or any
other type of screwdriver. It is also important to
hold the cover in alignment with balanced force
across the cover, not weighted toward any edge.
Partially engage all four screws to the threaded
inserts a few rotations before tightening any one
screw. This is important to maintain alignment
and avoid thread damage. When all four screws
are engaged torque to 20 in-lbs (2.2Nm ).
Figure 4.2 Removing the wiring box cover
4.2 DC/AC Grounding
PVI 23-28TL inverters have a DC ground bar with four terminals that can be used to terminate the
DC equipment ground, each terminal can accept a single copper conductor ranging from 610AWG (Torque = 14in-lbs). As shown in Figure 4.3 on the next page.
PVI 23-28TL inverters also have an AC ground bar with four terminals that can be used to
terminate the AC ground. Each terminal can accept a single copper conductor ranging from 610AWG (Torque = 14 in-lbs), a stud that fits an M5 nut to terminate the AC system ground
(Torque = 14in-lbs), and an external ground point (Torque 14in-lbs). The stud and external ground
can accept a single copper conductor ranging from 8-10AWG.
Figure 4.3 DC Equipment Ground
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
NOTE: The lug for the stud is located in the accessory box.
WARNING: Install grounding conductors per local codes and standards.
Figure 4.4 – AC Ground Wiring Connection
5.0 DC Connections from the PV Array
WARNING: All wiring connections at the inverter must be performed with the
building AC source circuit panel/breaker off and the PV module strings
disconnected. AC and DC disconnect switches at the inverter must also remain off
during termination.
WARNING: All electrical wiring must be done by electrically qualified personnel in
accordance to local and national electrical code.
WARNING: Remove all fuses. Before connecting the DC conductors of the PV array
to the inverter, verify and mark the polarity of the conductors. Verify the correct
polarity and voltage before installing fuses.
WARNING: Before connecting the DC conductors of the PV array to the inverter
fuse terminal or bypassing them, verify that the DC voltage is less than 1000VDC in
all conditions. DC voltages over 1000VDC will damage the inverter. Configure the
array such that the open circuit voltage will never exceed 1000VDC. Warranty is
void if more than 1000VDC is applied to the DC section of the inverter.
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
WARNING: Fuses in the inverter must only be replaced with the same type and
rated fuses as originally installed.
WARNING: The terminal is rated only for CU wire; using AL wire directly at the
terminal will void the warranty. The use of AL wire must follow local code
requirements for connecting AL wire to CU terminals.
5.1 DC Wiring
For DC wiring, 90°C PV copper conductors must be used. The inverter terminals are listed for 75°C
wire; see NEC 310.10 or the Canadian Electrical Code regarding the temperature ratings of wire
and terminals. The conductor size shall not be smaller than the 75°C wire size based on the
ampacities given in Table 310.16 of the NEC, ANSI/NFPA 70, and an additional derating factor of
125% as indicated by UL 1741.
A maximum of 16 total DC conductors (8 positive & 8 negative) can be connected and fused at
15Amps as shown in Figure 5.1 below.
NOTE: Verify that any wire size choices meet local codes.
NOTE: Always connect an equal number of wires to PV1 and PV2 connectors for
dual MPPT zone operation. If an odd number of connections are required, we
recommend setting the inverter to single (combined) MPPT zone. See Section 5.2
for a detailed explanation on the difference between operating in combined or
independent MPPT modes.
WARNING: Strings must be balanced for optimum performance and AC output. When
calculating DC/AC ratio sizing, perform calculations on the zone level unless you intend
to combine MPPT. Maximum DC/AC oversizing ratio is 1.35 STC conditions of the modules.
Each zone’s maximum input power is 15.5 kW for PVI 23TL and 18.9kW for PVI 28TL. Note for
any application that may experience higher than 1000 W/m2 on a regular basis, a smaller
DC/AC ratio is recommended. The maximum input current per zone must not exceed 25A for
PVI 23TL and 29A for PVI 28TL. Failure to follow these guidelines will result in damage to the
inverter and void your warranty.
The wiring box design has been updated (see “Gen III” below). For Generation I or II, please refer
to the previous revision of this manual, which can be obtained electronically through the
Solectria website.
DOCR-070365-J Page 24 of 66
Page 26
PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
Gen I
Gen II
(1) PVI 23TL SN:1159
(2) PVI 28TL SN:1160
(1) PVI 23TL SN:1223
(2) PVI 28TL SN:1224
Gen III
(1) PVI 23TL SN:101301
(2) PVI 28TL SN:101302
DC Inputs
Configuration
Max. DC
Wire Size
Recommend
PV Fuse
Conductors
Torque
(ALL)
Fuse
Type
8 Inputs
Standard use of Integrated
String Combiner Box
4AWG
12A/1000V for
PVI 23-28TL
30in-lbs
PV Fuse
7 Inputs*
Standard use of Integrated
String Combiner Box
4AWG
15A/1000V for
PVI 23-28TL
30in-lbs
PV Fuse
6 Inputs
Standard use of Integrated
String Combiner Box
4AWG
15A/1000V
for PVI 23TL
20A/1000V
for PVI 28TL
30in-lbs
PV Fuse
5 Inputs*
Standard use of Integrated
String Combiner Box
4AWG
20A/1000V for
PVI 23-28TL
30in-lbs
PV Fuse
4 Inputs
Standard use of Integrated
String Combiner Box
4AWG
25A/1000V for
PVI 23-28TL
30in-lbs
PV Fuse
2 Inputs
Fuse Bypass
Two Inputs that Bypass
Fuse Holder
2AWG
Fuse Bypass-
option
50in-lbs
Fuse
Bypass
Figure 5.1 – Wiring Box Design Change
DOCR-070365-J Page 25 of 66
Page 27
PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
Option
1 Input*
Fuse Bypass
Option
One Input that Bypasses
Fuse Holder and uses
Combined MPPT Zones
2AWG
Fuse Bypass-
option
50in-lbs
Fuse
Bypass
*Consider combining MPPT zones for such configuration.
Table 5.1 – DC Inputs and Configurations
5.2 Dual Maximum Power Point Tracking
The inverter is designed with two separate MPP Trackers (Dual MPPT) which can operate
independently or combined. The default is combined MPPT.
That means both MPP Trackers were combined to operate as one. This allows for the power to be
evenly distributed between the two trackers such as applications of odd number of strings.
Figure 5.2 – Two MPPTs Combined to Operate as One
The second option is two MPP Trackers that operate separately, which can be very helpful for
sites with shading. However, this also means that one must consider these two zones as two
separate inverters and power must be balanced between the two MPPT zones.
NOTE: Always connect an equal number of wires to PV1 and PV2 connectors for
dual MPPT zone operation. If an odd number of connections are required, we
recommend setting the inverter to single (combined) MPPT zone.
NOTE: Connecting all of the inputs at zone “PV1” will result in only utilizing 50% of
the inverter power.
DOCR-070365-J Page 26 of 66
Page 28
PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
PV1+
PV2 +
PV1-
PV2-
1
2
3
4
Inverter
IN1+
Inv 2+
Inv 1-
IN2-
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
Figure 5.3 – Two MPPTs Operating Independently
WARNING: Strings must be balanced for optimum performance and AC output.
When calculating DC/AC ratio sizing, perform calculations on the zone level unless
you intend to combine MPPTs.
5.2.1 Setting the Inverter to Operate with Two Independent MPPTs
The two MPPT zones can be separated using the following steps:
1. Disconnect all AC and DC sources to the inverter.
2. Remove the Lexan cover of the wiring box.
3. Use a #2 Philips head screwdriver to remove the busbar that connects INV 1 + & INV 2+ at the
top (see Figure 5.4 next page).
DOCR-070365-J Page 27 of 66
Page 29
PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
Figure 5.4 – Busbar Connection Used for Single (Combined) MPPT Option Removed
4. Set the S401 switch to Independent (IND) mode.
Figure 5.5 – Switch Configuration for Two Individual (Dual) MPPT Zones
NOTE: The S401 switch is located under the “Enter” control key inside of the
wiring box.
Dual tracking MPPT might seem overwhelming at first, so contact Solectria Renewables at
support@solectria.com if you have further questions.
5.3 Fuse Bypass OPT-FUSEBYPASS-PVI-23-28
Fuse bypass is an option for customers that are interested in combining strings and fusing them
outside the inverter. One can do so by ordering the fuse bypass accessory kit from Solectria
Renewables. This allows for one to bypass the fuse holders.
WARNING: DC fuses inside the wiring box must be removed before any of the
configurations in Table 5.2 are attempted.
WARNING: Fusing at an external combiner box is required for all of the
connections in Table 5.2.
DOCR-070365-J Page 28 of 66
Page 30
PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
DC
Inputs/MPPT
Zones
Proper Wiring
S401
Switch
Wire
2 Inputs -2
Independent
MPPT Zones
IND
2-4
AWG
1 Input
-
1 Combined
MPPT Zone
PAR
2AWG
Table 5.2 – Internal String Combiner Bypass Option
DOCR-070365-J Page 29 of 66
Page 31
PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
Inverter
Model
AC
Voltage
Number of
Conductors
Max. AC
Wire Size
Min. AC
Wire
Size
Torque
Max. AC
Output
Current
Recommended
Breaker Size
PVI 23TL
480V
3 (1 per phase)
plus neutral
1AWG
8AWG
30in-lbs
27.7A*
35A*
PVI 28TL
480V
3 (1 per phase)
plus neutral
1AWG
8AWG
30in-lbs
33.7A*
45A*
6.0 AC Connections at the Inverter
Both PVI 23TL and PVI 28TL 3-phase AC wiring is recommended to be installed with five
conductors, one per phase along with a neutral and an AC equipment ground as per local
requirements.
WARNING: The terminal is rated for CU and AL wire. Only Gen III AC terminal block
is rated for CU and AL wire. Verify that you have a Gen III inverter before
connecting AL wire.
The integrated disconnect switch terminals are listed for 75°C wire. See NEC 310.10 or the
Canadian Electrical Code regarding the temperature ratings of wire and terminals.
The conductor size shall not be smaller than the 75°C wire size based on the ampacities given
in Table 310.16 of the NEC, ANSI/NFPA 70, and an additional derating factor of 125% as
indicated by UL 1741. Temperature derating, voltage drop, and other considerations may
dictate that larger than minimum wire sizes be used. Verify that wire size choices meet local
codes and are properly sized to reduce voltage drop.
* Change is effective after S/N 1013011530001 and 1013021530001. For any prior S/N refer to
Rev.E of this manual available on Solectria’s website.
Table 6.1 – AC Customer Connections and Interconnection Information
The inverter includes an M5 stud for the connection of an AC Equipment Grounding Conductor
(EGC). The stud can accept a single copper conductor ranging from 8-10AWG. AC ECG shall be
sized per local code requirements. The AC EGC is connected to the stud via an M5 nut. A crimp
lug is available in the accessory box provided (torque = 14 in-lbs).
Figure 6.1 – AC Wire and Grounding Connections
DOCR-070365-J Page 30 of 66
Page 32
PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
Description
Configuration
Inverter Compatibility
4 Wire WYE
(3 phase +
Neutral +GND)
Compatible with 23TL
Compatible with 28TL
Other
Configurations
All other configurations not mentioned in this
document, such as Corner Grounded Delta
Not compatible with 23TL
Not compatible with 28TL
6.1 AC Interconnections to Grid
Table 6.2 – Allowable AC Interconnections to Grid
WARNING: Do not use power tools to reinstall the wiring box cover.
DOCR-070365-J Page 31 of 66
Page 33
PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
PAR
IND
S401
S402
ON
OFF
S403
7.0 Communication Connections
The PVI 23-28TL inverters support industry standard Modbus RS-485 communications.
Figure 7.1 - Communication/LCD and Component Locations Inside the Wiring Box
DOCR-070365-J Page 32 of 66
Page 34
PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
Item
Picture
Configuration description
1
N.O. N.C. COM
P205 - Dry Contact Communication Port
(3 Pin Connector)
Please see section 7.3 Dry contact
communication for more details.
2 P207 - USB port
Reserved for factory use
3 P204 - Not Used
4 P203 - Not Used
5
P208 - Modbus (RS-485) connector
1 - NC
2 - NC
3 - RS-485+
4 - RS-4855 - NC
6 S403 - Not Used
7 S402 - Selector switch for the 120Ω
Modbus RS-485 termination resistor
1 - Disable the RS-485 bus termination
2 - Enable the RS-485 bus termination
8 S401 - Selector switch for setting the
PV connection mode
1 - Independent mode
2 - Parallel mode
See section 5.2 for more details
Table 7.1 - Communication Connections and Configuration Switches
DOCR-070365-J Page 33 of 66
Page 35
PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
7.1 Modbus (RS-485) Network Connections with External Monitoring Systems
The PVI 23-28TL inverter can be connected to an external Data Acquisition System (DAS) via Modbus (RS-
485) connection as shown in figure 7.2.
Figure 7.2 - PVI 23-28TL Inverters in a Modbus (RS-485) Daisy Chain Connected to an External
DAS
When connected to an external Data Acquisition System (DAS), Solectria PVI 23-28TL inverters
support up to 32 inverters/devices on the Modbus (RS-485) daisy chain. The Inverter Modbus IDs are
configurable from 1 to 128.
Solectria recommends that the Modbus (RS-485) daisy chain for PVI 23-28TL inverters is limited to a
maximum length of 1600 ft. (500m).
Care must be taken when daisy chaining the inverters as shown above, utilizing a Shielded Twisted
Pair Modbus cable such as Belden 9841.
The shield continuity should be maintained for the entire length of the daisy chain and should only
be connected to ground (GND) at the Data Acquisition System (DAS). The shield should not be
connected to any of the inverters to prevent any possible ground loops.
It is important to terminate the Modbus (RS-485) bus correctly to minimize any noise and reflections.
The bus should be terminated at the source (the DAS) and at the last Modbus device in the daisy
chain, typically an inverter. The PVI 23-28TL Modbus termination is turned on by flipping switch S402
to the ON position as shown in Table 7.1 should always be left in the off position except for the last
inverter in the daisy chain.
DOCR-070365-J Page 34 of 66
Page 36
PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
Star or T Modbus (RS-485) network topologies should always be avoided. See Figure 7.3.
Figure 7.3
It is important to daisy chain the inverter Modbus (RS-485) connections to minimize noise and bus
reflections. Any network topologies shown to the left should be avoided. Equivalent daisy chain
topologies shown to the right should be used instead.
Connecting External DAS Modbus (RS-485) Network to the PVI 23-28TLInverter:
Warning: Risk of Electric Shock.
Make sure all DC and AC power to the unit has been disconnected before opening the inverter
wiring box and make sure hazardous high voltage and energy inside the equipment has been
discharged.
1. Open the inverter wiring box.
2. Bring the cable into wiring box through knockout holes at the bottom.
3. Connect the Modbus (RS-485) wires to the green Phoenix connector (P208) ensuring correct
polarity and using a twisted pair in the shielded twisted pair cable.
DOCR-070365-J Page 35 of 66
Page 37
PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
S402 - Selector
switch for the 120Ω
RS-485 termination
resistor
1 - Disable the
Modbus (RS-485) bus
termination. (Factory
default)
2 - Enable the Modbus
(RS-485) bus
termination (Applies
only for the last
inverter in the daisy
chain)
Note that switch
S403 to the left of
S402 not used and
stays in the OFF
position.
4. If the inverter is the last Modbus device in the daisy chain, make sure the Modbus termination
switch S402 is in the ON position (Up towards the LCD) enabling Modbus termination. Do not turn
the switch to the ON position in any other inverters in the daisy chain.
Figure 7.4 - The Modbus (RS485) Termination Switch (S402) Location and Settings on the
DOCR-070365-J Page 36 of 66
LCD/Communication Board.
Page 38
PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
Figure 7.5
The above image shows the Modbus (RS-485) cable connection where the Modbus daisy chain ends.
Notice how the cable shield is not landed inside the inverter. The Modbus termination switch (S402) is in
the on position.
5. IMPORTANT: The cable shield should only be connected to ground (GND) at the external DAS. Do not
connect the shield to any of the inverters
DOCR-070365-J Page 37 of 66
Page 39
PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
Figure 7.6
Notice how the cable shield is daisy chained together and not landed inside the inverter. S402 is in the
OFF position, or down towards the Phoenix connector when the inverter is in the middle of the daisy
chain.
Warning: Risk of Electric Shock.
Make sure all shield wires are properly secured and insulated to prevent shorting to any other
components inside the inverter.
6. Close the wiring box.
7. Reconnect AC and DC power and turn the inverter on when it is safe.
8. Configure the Inverter Modbus ID and Baud rate.
DOCR-070365-J Page 38 of 66
Page 40
PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
7.2 Connecting TL Inverters using SolrenView Monitoring Option
Solectria offers SolrenView monitoring as an option for the PVI 23-28TL inverters. In Gen III PVI
23-28TL inverters, SolrenView hardware is no longer an integrated option, only external. This
option (SRV-LCD-3PTL-OUTDOOR) includes the SolrenView data logger which comes in an
outdoor rated enclosure. The SolrenView logger is used to connect the TL inverters to the
Solectria SolrenView web-based monitoring site.
In Gen III the SolrenView gateway cannot be factory installed inside of the inverter.
Figure 7.7 – High Level Block Diagram of the SolrenView Data Acquisition Infrastructure
Figure 7.8 – Multiple Inverters with SolrenView Data Logger
NOTE: The SolrenView data logger in Figure 7.8 is installed next to the first
inverter. This is a typical installation.
DOCR-070365-J Page 39 of 66
Page 41
PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
Voltage
Current
AC
Maximum 277 V
Maximum 3 A
DC
Maximum 30 V
Maximum 1 A
Dry contact communication
port
Status in fault
condition
Status without fault
condition
P205: N.O. — COM
Closed
Open
P205: N.C. — COM
Open
Closed
7.3 Dry Contact Communication
The inverter features an alarm function that opens or closes a dry contact on the
communication board. (available both as contact normally open – N.O. – and as
contact normally closed – N.C.), as shown below:
N.O. N.C. COM
Figure 7.9 - Dry Contact Communication Port
The voltage and current rating of the dry contact shown in the following table
must not be exceeded under any circumstances.
Table 7.2 - Dry Contact Rating
Different modes of dry contact output can be accessed by connecting different
pins of the P205 connector, as shown in following table.
Table 7.3 - Working Modes of Dry Contact
DOCR-070365-J Page 40 of 66
Page 42
PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
COM
N.C.
N.O.
COM
N.C.
N.O.
COM
N.C.
N.O.
+ -
Light on in trouble free operational Light on in error
Line circuit Breaker( 3 A)
(or L N)
COM
N.C.
N.O.
COM
N.C.
N.O.
COM
N.C.
N.O.
+ -
Line circuit Breaker( 3 A)
(or L N)
Fault
In operation
In operation
Connection Plan:
You can connect a LED or other loads to indicate the operational status of the
inverter, as shown in the following figure:
If you connect the contact port to the power distribution grid, you must install
an individual miniature circuit-breaker between the dry contact and the power
distribution grid.
Dry Contact Communication Cable Connection:
Warning: If the unit is running, turn off both disconnects and wait 5 minutes
before performing any work.
a.) Remove the plugs from holes for suitable cable conduits of 3/4 inch.
b.) Put the dry contact communication cable through the cable conduit and inside
c.) Use double-layer insulated cables. Strip the cables according to the
Figure 7.10 - Dry Contact Communication Schematic Diagram
the wiring box.
following requirements.
DOCR-070365-J Page 41 of 66
Page 43
PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
Position
Description
Value
Cable type
Double-layer
insulated cable
D
Outer diameter
4.5 mm~ 6 mm
A
Cross-section area of
conductor
0.2 mm² ~ 0.75 mm²
L1
Length of stripped
outer wire skin
Maximum 15mm
L2
Length of stripped
inner wire skin
Maximum 7 mm
D A
L1
L2
No.
Cable Color
Function
1
Red
N.O.
2
Blue
N.C.
3
Green
COM
Tool: Wire stripping pliers
Figure 7.11 - Wire Stripping
Table 7.4 Cable Set-Up
d.) Connect wires to the terminal.
Tool: 2 or 2.5mm flat screwdriver
DOCR-070365-J Page 42 of 66
Figure 7-12 - Wire Connection
Page 44
PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
Plug the cable terminal into the P205 connector.
Figure 7.13 - Dry Contact Communication Cable Connection
DOCR-070365-J Page 43 of 66
Page 45
PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
8.0 Commissioning the Inverter PV System
Before commissioning, ensure that the inverter is mounted, all connections are made, and the
inverter is ready to power up.
NOTE: Make sure all tools, parts, etc., are removed from the vicinity of the inverter
before turning it on.
WARNING: Make a final check of all AC and DC wiring to the inverter and in the
system before turning on.
WARNING: Connecting the inverter to the electric utility grid must only be
completed after receiving prior approval from the utility company. Installation
must be performed only by qualified personnel/licensed electrician(s).
NOTE: With the PV modules connected and inverter disconnect switches still off,
perform a final check of the PV voltage and polarity once more using a digital volt
meter and probing the positive (+) and negative (-) PV connections.
8.1 Turning On the Inverter
1. Turn on the dedicated three-phase circuit breaker or disconnect switch at the building
service.
2. Turn on AC disconnect.
3. Turn on DC disconnect.
8.2 Operation
The inverter will connect to the electric grid when the DC voltage first exceeds 330VDC (strike
voltage) and 300W of power is available. The inverter will shut down when the DC voltage falls
below 300VDC.
8.3 Turning Off the Inverter
1. Choose “4 settings” from the Main Menu, and press ENT.
2. Choose “1 ON/OFF”. Move the cursor to “OFF” and press ENT.
3. The inverter will slowly ramp down the current and shutdown.
4. Turn off the DC disconnect followed by the AC disconnect.
DOCR-070365-J Page 44 of 66
Page 46
PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
POWER
RUN
GRID
FAULT
Key
Description
Function
Escape key
Back/End/Mute
Enter key
Confirm entering the menu/Confirm set
point
Up
Page-up in selection menu/+1 setting
increment
Down
Page-down in selection menu/-1 setting
decrement
9.0 LCD and LED Indicators
The inverter operates automatically without the need for user interaction. The LCD and LED
indicators on the front of the inverter provide valuable operating information.
9.1 LCD
Figure 9.1 – LCD
The four touch keys below are available to help the customer scroll through the information.
Table 9.1 – Key Descriptions
DOCR-070365-J Page 45 of 66
Page 47
PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
LED Light
Status
Indication
Troubleshooting
Power
Light on
DC voltage available at the
inverter
No need, Standard Operation
Light off
Low DC or possible power
supply problem
1. Check DC input polarity is correct.
2. Verify DC voltage above 180VDC.
3. Verify DC disconnect switch is on.
RUN
Light on
Inverter is producing power
No need, Standard Operation
Flash
Derating
(light on 0.5s, light off 1.5s)
Verify Inverters ambient temperature
isn’t above 45°C.
NOTE: If the input power is above the
rated output power the inverter will
derate.
Light off
Inverter is not producing
power
1. Verify that there is no Snow on the
array.
2. Check if Error light is on or flashing;
if so skip to Section 10.
GRID
Light on
AC voltage is available at the
inverter
No need, Standard Operation
Flash
AC voltage out of setting
range
(light on 0.5s, light off 1.5s)
Check AC voltage and verify it is
within range IEEE 1547 specified
range.
Light off
No AC voltage at the inverter
Verify that AC is available at the
inverter.
FAULT
Light on
Indicates a possible fault
Note the LCD message and refer to
the Fault part of Section 10.
Slow flash
Indicates an Alarm
(light on 0.5s, light off 2s)
Note the LCD message and refer to
the Alarm part of Section 10.
Fast flash
Indicates protective action
being triggered
(light on 0.5s, light off 0.5s)
Note the LCD message and refer to
the Protection part of Section 10.
Light off
No fault
No need, Standard Operation
The LEDs on the left indicate the operational status of the inverter.
DOCR-070365-J Page 46 of 66
Table 9.2 – LED Indicators Meaning
Page 48
PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
1 OP.Info
EDay 23.5kWh
PDayPk 19kW
DayT 12 .1 h
Uab 400.2V
Ubc 400.9V
Uca 399.7V
Freq 60.0Hz
Ia 13.9A
Ib 14.1A
Ic 13.1A
Tmod 78.2C
Tamb 50 C
Upv 1 360.0V
Ipv1 14.7A
Upv 2 360.4V
Ipv2 14.3A
Sac 17KVA
Pac 16.7kW
AC Energy (EDay)
Energy (kWh)
Cumulative AC
AC Power Output (PDayPk)
(kW)
AC Power Output
Run Time (DayT)
Hours
AC1 Voltage (Uab)
AC Voltage (V)
AC2 Voltage (Ubc)
AC Voltage (V)
AC3 Voltage (Uca)
AC Voltage (V)
AC Freq.
AC Frequency (Hz)
AC1 Current (Ia)
AC Current (A)
AC2 Current (Ib)
AC Current (A)
AC3 Current (Ic)
AC Current (A)
Heatsink Temperature
°C
Ambient Temperature
°C
DC Voltage (Upv1)
DC Voltage (V)
DC Current (Ipv1)
DC Current (A)
DC Voltage (Upv2)
DC Voltage (V)
DC Current (Ipv2)
DC Current (A)
Sac
Apparent Power (kVA)
Pac
Real Power (kW)
9.2 Screen Descriptions
9.2.1 Main Screen (Default)
Press ESC to move from the Main (Default) screen into the Start Menu.
9.2.2 Start Menu
1. Operation Info
2. Alarm
3. History
4. Settings
5. Power Dispatch
9.2.3 Operation Info Menu
The Info Menu displays the data stored in the inverter memory. Use the buttons to scroll UP
and DOWN through the list. Pressing will take the screen back to the Start Menu.
Table 9.3 – Operation Information Submenu
DOCR-070365-J Page 47 of 66
Page 49
PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
2 Alarm
NoError
EepromErr
Protect0010
…
No
Yes
3 History
1 HistErr
2 OP.Recd
3 Version
→4 TotalTag
NoError
1.St2010.12.15 20:50
SPI Error
2.Ed2010.12.15 20:59
SPI Error
…
No
Yes
Pls input date
←2→ ß—12/15
EDay 123.5KWh
PDayPk 20.0KW
DayT 7.0h
DSPVer. 0.01
LCDVer. 0.01
Serial No.
10731220003
TotalTag（KWh）
2123.5
9.2.4 Alarm Menu
The Alarm Menu displays inverter alarms and faults, some of which may be modified with the
keypad. Use the and buttons to scroll up and down through the list. Pressing will take
the screen back to the Start Menu. Any fault message will be indicated in the Alarm Menu.
Figure 9.2 – Present Fault Information
9.2.5 History Menu
The History Menu displays inverter data history, some of which may be modified with the
keypad. Use the and buttons to scroll UP and DOWN through the list. Pressing will
take the screen back to the Start Menu.
The following information can be found in the menu:
1. Up to 100 entries of the most recent fault messages recorded and retrieved.
2. The last 21 days of operation history data is available.
3. Product software/hardware and serial number information.
4. Cumulative generated power information.
DOCR-070365-J Page 48 of 66
Figure 9.3 – History Menu and Submenu
Page 50
PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
1 ON/OFF
2 Language
3 Buzzer
→4 SysTime
↓
2009 / 12 / 15
21 ：14
→ 中文
English
EnglishVer.
5 Commun
6 OtherCmd
7 NetConfig
ARCOption
-ARCFaultClear
DHCP
<Enable/Disable>
StaticIP
IPAddr:10
122
1
123
SubMask:255
255
255
0
GateWay:10
122
1
254
DNSSer.: 10
122
0
1
MPPTOption
-MPPTCycle
-- Min
MPPTScan
4 Setting
→ ON
OFF
ON State
KeyBeep
Enabled
AlarmBeep
→ Disabled
→ Francaise
Deutsch
EnglishVer.
→ Italiano
EnglishVer.
→ Address 2
BaudRate 3
1 9600 2 19200
9.2.6 Settings Menu
The inverter parameters can be adjusted by using commands in the Settings Menu as shown in
Figure 9.7 below. Options such as Power ON/OFF, Language, Sounds, Date, Communications, and
MPPT can simply be changed/set from the Settings Menu.
NOTE: When prompted for a password, enter the following: UP, DOWN, UP,
DOWN, then ENT.
Figure 9.4 – System Setup Menu and Submenu
NOTE: The inverter and SolrenView (see Section 7.7) must have the same Baud
Rate (9600) and Address (Inverter ID) for proper communication.
NOTE: When connecting multiple inverter (up to 16) to a single data logger each
inverter requires a unique Address (Inverter ID).
DOCR-070365-J Page 49 of 66
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
5 Dispatch
ActivePower(%)
100.0
PowerFactor
1.000
9.2.7 Power Dispatch
“ActivePower” and “PowerFactor” parameters can be set up through the LCD as well as remotely.
NOTE: These parameters are only adjustable with permission from the local utility.
Figure 9.5 – Active Power and Power Factor Settings
NOTE: When prompted for a password, enter the following: UP, DOWN, UP,
DOWN, then ENT.
NOTE: It is often common at sites with High AC voltage above 1.05p.u that the
Utility would like to modify the power factor to reduce the voltage at the point of
common coupling. This can be done by setting the inverter to absorb vars. For the
PVI 23-28TL this can be achieved by setting the inverter to a negative value. For
example, one would set the power factor to -0.95 which will help reduce the AC
voltage at site by allowing the inverter to absorb vars.
If you are interested in enabling these features or in further understanding their capabilities,
please contact us at support@solectria.com for more details.
DOCR-070365-J Page 50 of 66
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
Type
Name
Definition
Possible Causes
Recommended Solutions
Alarm
1. TempSensorErr
Abnormal
temperature
reading
1. Internal
temperature sensor
is making poor
contact.
1. Verify temperature
reading off of the display.
2. Switch off the inverter’s
internal disconnects.
3. Switch the Inverter
back on.
4. If error does not clear,
contact Solectria
Customer Service.
2. Temperature
sensor is damaged.
Alarm
2. SPICommErr
Inverter’s
internal
communication
failure
1. Poor connection of
the inverter’s
internal
communication
connector.
1. Observe for 5min and
see whether the alarm is
cleared automatically.
2. Switch off the inverter’s
internal disconnects.
3. Switch the Inverter
back on.
4. If error does not clear,
contact Solectria
Customer Service.
Alarm
3. IntFanErr
Inverter’s
internal fan
(can’t be seen
externally) is
not operating
properly
1. Fan service life has
expired.
1. Observe for 5min and
see whether the alarm is
cleared automatically.
2. Switch off the inverter’s
internal disconnects.
3. Switch the Inverter
back on.
4. If error does not clear,
contact Solectria
Customer Service.
2. Fan connector is
making a poor
connection.
Alarm
4. ExtFanErr
One of the
three external
fans is not
operating
properly
1. Fan is blocked.
1. Observe for 5min and
see whether the alarm is
cleared automatically.
2. Switch off the inverter’s
internal disconnects.
3. Check the fan blades for
debris.
10.0 Troubleshooting and Inverter Messages
Although the inverter is designed for many years of power production, there may be instances
where error messages are displayed on the LCD. This table can be used to help identify the error
and resolve it.
DOCR-070365-J Page 51 of 66
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
2. Fan service life has
ended.
4. Switch the Inverter
back on.
5. If error does not clear,
contact Solectria
Customer Service.
3. Fan socket
connecter is making
a poor connection.
Alarm
5. EepromErr
Incorrect
memory reading
1. A problem with
the inverter’s
internal memory.
1. Observe for 5min and
see whether the alarm is
cleared automatically.
2. If error does not clear,
contact Solectria
Customer Service.
Protection
1. Arc Board
Error
Internal Arc
board self-check
error
1. Possible
communication error
between Arc board
and Inverter.
1. Observe for 5min and
see whether the alarm is
cleared automatically.
2. If error does not clear,
contact Solectria
Customer Service.
2. Abnormal reading
within the Arc board.
Protection
2. OverTemp
Ambient
temperature or
temperature
inside inverter is
too high
1. Ambient
temperature outside
the inverter is too
high.
1. Confirm that external
ambient temperature is
within the specified range
of operating temperature.
2. Verify air inlet and
outlet are not blocked.
3. Verify fan is not
blocked.
4. Verify proper spacing
was followed during
installation.
5. Observe for 30min and
see whether the alarm is
cleared automatically.
6. If error does not clear,
contact Solectria
Customer Service.
2. Fan is blocked.
3. Poor cooling due
to improper
installation.
Protection
3. GridV.OutLim
Grid voltage
exceeds the
specified range
1. Grid voltage is
abnormal.
1. Observe for 10min and
see whether the alarm is
cleared automatically.
2. Verify Grid Voltage is
within range.
3. Verify proper AC wiring.
4. If error does not clear,
contact Solectria
Customer Service.
2. No AC voltage at
the inverter.
3. Improper AC
wiring (see Section
6.1).
4. Loose AC
connections.
DOCR-070365-J Page 52 of 66
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
Protection
4. GridF.OutLim
Grid voltage
frequency is
abnormal
1. Grid frequency is
out of range.
1. Observe for 10min and
see whether the alarm is
cleared automatically.
2. Verify grid frequency is
within range.
3. Verify proper AC wiring.
4. If error does not clear,
Contact Solectria
Customer Service.
2. Loose AC
connections.
Protection
5- PV1 (2)
VoltOver
DC input
voltage exceeds
the specified
value
1. DC over-voltage.
1. Observe for 30min and
see whether the alarm is
cleared automatically.
2. Verify DC open circuit
input voltage is within
specified range.
3. Switch off the inverter’s
internal disconnects.
Switch the Inverter back
on.
4. If error does not clear,
contact Solectria
Customer Service.
Protection
6. PV1 (2)
Reverse
DC inputs
connected with
incorrect
polarities
1. PV positive pole
and negative pole
are connected in
reverse.
1. Verify DC voltage
polarity is correct on all
inputs.
2. If error does not clear,
contact Solectria
Customer Service.
Protection
7. GFCI.Err
DC leakage
current is above
recommended
value
1. Excessive parasitic
capacitance on PV
module due to
insulation failure.
1. Observe for 10min and
see whether the alarm is
cleared automatically.
2. Contact System installer
to check installation for
possible Ground Fault.
3. If error does not clear,
contact Solectria
Customer Service.
2. Abnormal
grounding
conditions.
Protection
8. IsolationErr
DC insulation
impedance to
ground
1. Insulation to
ground is below
recommended value.
Contact System installer
to check installation for
possible Ground Fault.
DOCR-070365-J Page 53 of 66
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
Protection
9. IntProtect
0010-0260
Internal
problem within
the inverter
1. One of the
inverter’s internal
protection features
was triggered
causing the inverter
to shut down.
1. Observe for 10min and
see whether the alarm is
cleared automatically.
2. If error does not clear,
contact Solectria
Customer Service.
Protection
10. Arc Protect
Inverter shuts
down due to a
possible Arc
fault concern
1. An internal Arc
fault occurred on the
DC side.
1. Have qualified Electrical
Personnel inspect wiring
section of Inverter.
2. If no issues are found,
contact Solectria
Customer Service.
2. Fault with the Arc
board.
Fault
1. IntFault0010150
Internal noncritical fault
within the
inverter
1. A fault occurred
internally within the
inverter.
1. The inverter will restart
once the fault is cleared.
2. If error does not clear,
contact Solectria
Customer Service.
Table 10.1 – Troubleshooting
DOCR-070365-J Page 54 of 66
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
11.0 Product Maintenance
Regular maintenance helps extend product lifetime and performance.
11.1 Check the Electrical Connection
Check all the cable connections once every 6 months, by performing the following steps:
1. Turn off inverter DC disconnect.
2. Turn off inverter AC disconnect.
3. Lock out all DC and AC sources to the inverter.
4. Verify absence of DC and AC voltages at the wiring box.
5. Check for loose or untightened cables; follow torque and safety instructions in the manual.
6. Check for cable damage, especially whether the cable surface is scratched or smooth. Repair
or replace the cables if necessary.
11.2 Clean the Air Vent Filter
On average, it is recommended to check the air vent of the fans once every 6 months. Do so by
performing the following steps:
1. Turn off inverter DC disconnect.
2. Turn off inverter AC disconnect.
3. Lock out all DC and AC sources to the inverter.
4. Verify absence of DC and AC voltages at the wiring box.
5. Use Philips Screw driver to remove Vent covers.
6. Clean vents using dry cloth.
7. Return Screws (torque = 10in-lbs).
DOCR-070365-J Page 55 of 66
Figure 11.1 – Fan Vent Locations
Page 57
PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
PVI 23TL
PVI 28TL
Unit
Nominal Output Voltage
480
480
VAC
Operating AC Voltage Range
88 – 110%
VAC
Operating Frequency
60
Hz
Output Frequency Range
59.3-60.5 (adjustable 55-65)
Power Factor
Unity, > 0.99 (adjustable ±0.8)
Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) @ Rated Load
< 3%
Continuous Output Power
23
28
kW
Max Output Current
27.7*
33.7*
Amps
Grid Connection Type
3ø+/N/GND
One Cycle Short Circuit Current (L-N/GND)/Duration
52.9Amps RMS/20ms
One Cycle Short Circuit Current (L1/L2/L3)/Duration
69.6Amps RMS/20ms
PVI 23TL
PVI 28TL
Peak Efficiency
98.6%
98.5%
CEC Weighted Efficiency
98.0%
98.0%
Tare Loss
1W
1W
12.0 Product Warranty and RMA Policy
The current warranty and RMA statement for the product is available online at
http://www.solectria.com/support/documentation/warranty-information/grid-tied-inverterwarranty-letter/ . If you do not have access to the internet or to request a copy to be mailed to
you, please contact our Technical Service department 978-683-9700 x 2.
13.0 Technical Data
13.1 Output AC Specifications
The inverters are designed to feed power into a standard 60Hz, three-phase AC utility service
provided within a facility with a rating of not less than the rating of the inverter(s) connected to
it.
The inverter is designed to work with the range of AC voltages for a three-phase service defined
by IEEE 1547-2003 and ANSI C84.1.
* Change is effective after S/N 12241447010 and 12231447001. For any prior S/N refer to Rev.D
of this manual available thru Solectria Customer Service.
Table 13.1 – AC Output Specifications
Table 13.2 – Efficiency of Inverters
DOCR-070365-J Page 56 of 66
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
PVI23TL
PVI 28TL
Units
Absolute Maximum Input Voltage
1000
VDC
Maximum PV Power
15.5 per MPPT
(31)
19 per MPPT
(38)
kW
Operating Input Voltage
300-900
VDC
Strike (Startup Voltage/Power)
330VDC/300W
MPPT Input Voltage Range
480-800
500-800
VDC
MPPT Trackers
2 with 4-Fused Inputs per Zone
Maximum Operating Input Current
25 per MPPT
(50)
29 per MPPT
(58)
Amps
Maximum Short Circuit Current
41 per MPPT
(82)
48 per MPPT
(96)
Amps
Integrated String
Combiner Option
8 String Inputs , 12-15 A (4 per MPPT)
Operational Ambient
Temperature
-13° to 140°F (-25° to 60°C) Derating occurs above 45°C
Storage Temperature
-22° to 158°F (-30° to 70°C)
dBA (Decibel) Rating
< 55dBA @ 3m
Operating Altitude
13123ft/400m (derating from 6562ft/2000m)
Inverter Enclosure
Type 4
Safety Listings &
Certifications
UL 1741/IEEE 1547, IEEE 1547.1, UL 1699B
CSA C22.2#107.1, FCC part 15 B
Certification Agency
CSA
Weight
122lbs (55kg)
BTU Rating
1911BTU/Hr
13.2 Input DC (PV) Specifications
Table 13.3 – DC Input Specifications
13.3 Other Specifications
Table 13.4 – Other Specifications
DOCR-070365-J Page 57 of 66
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
Po/Pn
Tamb
(45℃) (60℃)
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
113℉ 140℉
55%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
PV Voltage (V)
Po/Pn
300 500 800 900 1000
(480)
13.4 Temperature Derating Curve
Figure 13.1 shows the standard power derating curve for a PVI 23-28TL inverter. The inverter
operates at full power up to 45°C and derates linearly until 60°C where it shuts down to protect
itself.
Figure 13.1 – Temperature Derating Curve
13.5 Power Derating Curve Out of MPPT Zone
Figure 13.2 below shows the standard derating curve outside of the MPPT zone. Inverters derate
linearly outside their rated MPPT range.
Figure 13.2 – Power Derating Outside of MPPT Range
DOCR-070365-J Page 58 of 66
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
(2000m) (4000m)
100%
70%
6562ft 13123ft
Three level
inverter
N
PV1+
PV1+
PV1+
PV1+
DC Switch
MPPT1
MPPT2
PV2+
PV2+
PV2+
PV2+
PV1+
PV1-
PV2+
PV2-
AC Output
PV FUSE
AFD
PV1PV1PV1PV1-
PV2PV2PV2PV2-
L1
L2
L3
PE
Po/Pn
13.6 Altitude Derating Curve
Figure 13.3 – Derating at High Altitudes
13.7 Internal Circuit Diagram
The basic power flow within the PVI 23-28TL series of inverters is below. Note that the GFDI
circuit is not depicted.
Figure 13.4 – Simplified Internal Circuit Diagram for PVI 23-28TL Series Inverters
DOCR-070365-J Page 59 of 66
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
14.0 Accessory Options
The PVI 23-28TL comes with several options that allow the inverter to support a wide range of
real life applications.
14.1 Fuse Bypass
OPT-FUSEBYPASS-PVI-23-28, as discussed in Section 5.3, allows customers to combine the DC
inputs outside the inverter and enter with only one or two combined inputs.
Figure 14.1 – Fuse Bypass Two Inputs (Two Independent MPPTs)
Figure 14.2 – Fuse Bypass Single Input (Combined MPPT)
DOCR-070365-J Page 60 of 66
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
Inverter1
Measurement Location
Top
East
West
Front
Back
Bottom
Without Shade Plate [T
Case/TAmbient
]
1.98
1.53
1.71
1.54
1.47
1.26
Shade Plate on Inverter1 [T
Case/TAmbient
]
1.67
1.47
1.66
1.45
1.41
1.23
Percent Difference [Shade Plate-Without Shade
Plate](%)
-15.65
-3.36
-3.01
-6.26
-4.20
-2.34
14.2 SolrenView Monitoring
SRV-LCD-3PTL-OUTDOOR, as discussed in Section 7.2, allows customers to purchase the only
monitoring system that is designed to support PVI 23-28TL to the fullest. SolrenView can be
placed next to the inverter. RS-485 and DC wires can be fed into SolrenView directly off of the
inverter.
14.3 Shade Cover
OPT-SHADECOVER-PVI-23-36 is specifically designed for inverters mounted at a 15-degree tilt
angle. It protects the inverter from harsh weather and direct sunlight/extremely hot
temperatures while reducing thermal gain on the inverter and increasing energy production.
PVEL, now part of BEW/DNV Kema, performed field testing of the shade cover temperature
effects of the inverter case temperatures. The normalized data analysis showed 2-15% less
temperature rise on the inverter case temperatures. Front, Back and Top temp rise was 6%, 4%,
15% lower with the Shade cover (as shown in table below).
Table 5.1 – Normalized (to Measure Ambient Temperatures) Case Temperatures at Various
Locations on the Inverter
DOCR-070365-J Page 61 of 66
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
Install bottom bracket as
shown. Screws M6x18- 4 pcs.
Torque to 25 in-lbs.
14.3.1 Installation instructions for OPT-SHADECOVER-PVI-23-28TL
DOCR-070365-J Page 62 of 66
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
Install top bracket as shown.
Nuts M10- 2 pcs.
Torque to 50 in-lbs. in-lbs.
Install shade
cover as
shown. Screws
M6x18- 4 pcs.
Torque to 25
in-lbs.
Figure 14.4 – Inverter With Shade Cover Installed
14.4 AC & DC Disconnect Covers
OPT-DISCOCOVER-PVI-23-28TL is a tamper resistant cover for the AC and DC disconnects. It is
recommended for customers that have inverters in public places so the disconnects cannot be
turned while the inverter is running.
DOCR-070365-J Page 63 of 66
Figure 14.5 – Tamper Proof Cover
Page 65
PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
15.0 Appendices
Appendix A – PVI 23-28TL Datasheet
https://solectria.com/support/documentation/inverter-datasheets/pvi-23tl-pvi-28tl-pvi-36tl-
transformerless-3-ph-string-inverters-datasheet/
Appendix B – String Sizing Tool
http://solectria.com/support/string-sizing-tool/
Appendix C – Contact Information
Yaskawa – Solectria Solar
360 Merrimack Street
Building 9, Floor 2
Lawrence, Massachusetts 01843
USA
Tel: 978.683.9700
Fax: 978.683.9702
Sales/ general info: inverters@solectria.com
Technical Support & Service: 978-683-9700 x2
Website: www.solectria.com
Appendix D – Authorized Distributors
http://www.solectria.com/products/how-to-buy/
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PVI 23TL, 28TL Installation and Operation Manual (Rev J)
Appendix E – UL 1741 / UL 1699B/ IEEE 1547 / CSA 22.2#107.1 Authorization to
Mark
DOCR-070365-J Page 65 of 66
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