PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.
Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas
Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not
necessarily include testing of all parameters.
– 16 x 16 and 32 x 32 MAC OperationsSupports 45 Peripheral Interrupts
– 16 x 16 Dual MAC• Three 32-Bit CPU-Timers
– Harvard Bus Architecture• 128-Bit Security Key/Lock
– Atomic Operations– Protects Flash/ROM/OTP and L0/L1 SARAM
– Fast Interrupt Response and Processing– Prevents Firmware Reverse-Engineering
– Unified Memory Programming Model• Motor Control Peripherals
– 4M Linear Program/Data Address Reach– Two Event Managers (EVA, EVB)
– Code-Efficient (in C/C++ and Assembly)– Compatible to 240xA Devices
– TMS320F24x/LF240x Processor Source Code• Serial Port Peripherals
Compatible
• On-Chip Memory
– Flash Devices: Up to 128K x 16 Flash(SCIs), Standard UART
(Four 8K x 16 and Six 16K x 16 Sectors)
– ROM Devices: Up to 128K x 16 ROM
– 1K x 16 OTP ROM
– L0 and L1: 2 Blocks of 4K x 16 Each
Single-Access RAM (SARAM)
– H0: 1 Block of 8K x 16 SARAM
– M0 and M1: 2 Blocks of 1K x 16 Each
SARAM
• Boot ROM (4K x 16)
– With Software Boot Modes
– Standard Math Tables
• External Interface (2812)
– Over 1M x 16 Total Memory
– Programmable Wait States
– Programmable Read/Write Strobe Timing
– Three Individual Chip Selects
– Watchdog Timer Module
• Three External Interrupts
• Peripheral Interrupt Expansion (PIE) Block That
– Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
– Two Serial Communications Interfaces
– Enhanced Controller Area Network (eCAN)
– Multichannel Buffered Serial Port (McBSP)
• 12-Bit ADC, 16 Channels
– 2 x 8 Channel Input Multiplexer
– Two Sample-and-Hold
– Single/Simultaneous Conversions
– Fast Conversion Rate: 80 ns/12.5 MSPS
• Up to 56 General-Purpose I/O (GPIO) Pins
• Advanced Emulation Features
– Analysis and Breakpoint Functions
– Real-Time Debug via Hardware
• Development Tools Include
– ANSI C/C++ Compiler/Assembler/Linker
– Code Composer Studio™ IDE
– DSP/BIOS™
– JTAG Scan Controllers
(1)
• Low-Power Modes and Power Savings
– IDLE, STANDBY, HALT Modes Supported
– Disable Individual Peripheral Clocks
(1) IEEE Standard 1149.1-1990 IEEE Standard Test Access Port
and Boundary-Scan Architecture
1
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas
Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
3eZdsp is a trademark of Spectrum Digital Incorporated.
4All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.
Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas
Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not
necessarily include testing of all parameters.
• Package Options• Temperature Options
– 179-Ball MicroStar BGA™ With External– A: –40°C to 85°C (GHH, ZHH, PGF, PBK)
Memory Interface (GHH, ZHH) (2812)
– 176-Pin Low-Profile Quad Flatpack (LQFP)
With External Memory Interface (PGF) (2812)
– S: –40°C to 125°C (GHH, ZHH, PGF, PBK)
– Q: –40°C to 125°C (PGF, PBK)
[Q100 Qualification]
– 128-Pin LQFP Without External Memory
Interface (PBK) (2810, 2811)
1.2Getting Started
This section gives a brief overview of the steps to take when first developing for a C28x™ device. For
more detail on each of these steps, see the following:
•Getting Started With TMS320C28x Digital Signal Controllers (literature number SPRAAM0)
•C2000 Getting Started Website (http://www.ti.com/c2000getstarted)
•TMS320F28x DSC Development and Experimenter’s Kits (http://www.ti.com/f28xkits)
This section provides a summary of each device’s features, lists the pin assignments, and describes the
function of each pin. This document also provides detailed descriptions of peripherals, electrical
specifications, parameter measurement information, and mechanical data about the available packaging.
2.1Description
The TMS320F2810, TMS320F2811, TMS320F2812, TMS320C2810, TMS320C2811, and TMS320C2812
devices, members of the TMS320C28x™ DSP generation, are highly integrated, high-performance
solutions for demanding control applications. The functional blocks and the memory maps are described in
Section 3, Functional Overview.
Throughout this document, TMS320F2810, TMS320F2811, and TMS320F2812 are abbreviated as F2810,
F2811, and F2812, respectively. F281x denotes all three Flash devices. TMS320C2810, TMS320C2811,
and TMS320C2812 are abbreviated as C2810, C2811, and C2812, respectively. C281x denotes all three
ROM devices. 2810 denotes both F2810 and C2810 devices; 2811 denotes both F2811 and C2811
devices; and 2812 denotes both F2812 and C2812 devices.
● Channels161616161616
32-Bit CPU Timers–333333
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)0YesYesYesYesYesYes
Serial Communications Interfaces A and BSCIA,SCIA,SCIA,SCIA,SCIA,SCIA,
(SCIA and SCIB)SCIBSCIBSCIBSCIBSCIBSCIB
Controller Area Network (CAN)0YesYesYesYesYesYes
Multichannel Buffered Serial Port (McBSP)0YesYesYesYesYesYes
Digital I/O Pins (Shared)–565656565656
External Interrupts–333333
Supply Voltage–1.8-V Core (135 MHz), 1.9-V Core (150 MHz), 3.3-V I/O
number SPRZ193) has been posted on the Texas Instruments (TI) website. It will be updated as needed.
(2) A type change represents a major functional feature difference in a peripheral module. Within a peripheral type, there may be minor
differences between devices that do not affect the basic functionality of the module. These device-specific differences are listed in the
TMS320x28xx, 28xxx DSP Peripheral Reference Guide (literature number SPRU566) and in the peripheral reference guides.
(3) On C281x devices, OTP is replaced by a 1K x 16 block of ROM.
(4) See Section 5.1, Device and Development Support Tool Nomenclature, for descriptions of device stages.
(4)
176-pin PGF––Yes––Yes
179-ball GHH––Yes––Yes
179-ball ZHH––Yes––Yes
A: –40°C to 85°C–YesYesYesYesYesYes
S: –40°C to 125°C–YesYesYesYesYesYes
Q: –40°C to 125°C
Figure 2-1 illustrates the ball locations for the 179-ball GHH and ZHH ball grid array (BGA) packages.
Figure 2-2 shows the pin assignments for the 176-pin PGF low-profile quad flatpack (LQFP) and
Figure 2-3 shows the pin assignments for the 128-pin PBK LQFP. Table 2-2 describes the function(s) of
each pin.
2.3.1Terminal Assignments for the GHH/ZHH Packages
See Table 2-2 for a description of each terminal’s function(s).
The TMS320F2812 and TMS320C2812 176-pin PGF low-profile quad flatpack (LQFP) pin assignments
are shown in Figure 2-2. See Table 2-2 for a description of each pin’s function(s).
www.ti.com
Figure 2-2. TMS320F2812 and TMS320C2812 176-Pin PGF LQFP (Top View)
The TMS320F2810, TMS320F2811, TMS320C2810, and TMS320C2811 128-pin PBK low-profile quad
flatpack (LQFP) pin assignments are shown in Figure 2-3. See Table 2-2 for a description of each pin’s
function(s).
SPRS174S–APRIL 2001–REVISED MARCH 2011
Figure 2-3. TMS320F2810, TMS320F2811, TMS320C2810, and TMS320C2811 128-Pin PBK LQFP
(1) Typical drive strength of the output buffer for all pins is 4 mA except for TDO, XCLKOUT, XF, XINTF, EMU0, and EMU1 pins, which are
8 mA.
(2) I = Input, O = Output, Z = High impedance
(3) PU = pin has internal pullup; PD = pin has internal pulldown. Pullup/pulldown strength is given in Section 6.3, Electrical Characteristics
XHOLDE7159–IPUinto a high-impedance state. The XINTF will
XHOLDAK1082–O/Z–
XZCS0AND1P144–O/Z–XZCS0AND1 is active (low) when an access
XZCS2P1388–O/Z–(low) when an access to the XINTF Zone 2 is
XZCS6AND7B13133–O/Z–XZCS6AND7 is active (low) when an access
XWEN1184–O/Z–
XRDM342–O/Z–basis, by the Lead, Active, and Trail periods in
XR/WN451–O/Z–
XREADYB6161–IPUXREADY can be configured to be a
179-BALL176-PIN128-PIN
GHH/ZHHPGFPBK
(2)
PU/PD
(3)
Microprocessor/Microcomputer Mode Select.
Switches between microprocessor and
microcomputer mode. When high, Zone 7 is
enabled on the external interface. When low,
Zone 7 is disabled from the external interface,
and on-chip boot ROM may be accessed
instead. This signal is latched into the
XINTCNF2 register on a reset and the user
can modify this bit in software. The state of the
XMP/MC pin is ignored after reset.
External Hold Request. XHOLD, when active
(low), requests the XINTF to release the
external bus and place all buses and strobes
release the bus when any current access is
complete and there are no pending accesses
on the XINTF.
External Hold Acknowledge. XHOLDA is
driven active (low) when the XINTF has
granted a XHOLD request. All XINTF buses
and strobe signals will be in a high-impedance
state. XHOLDA is released when the XHOLD
signal is released. External devices should
only drive the external bus when XHOLDA is
active (low).
XINTF Zone 0 and Zone 1 Chip Select.
to the XINTF Zone 0 or Zone 1 is performed.
XINTF Zone 2 Chip Select. XZCS2 is active
performed.
XINTF Zone 6 and Zone 7 Chip Select.
to the XINTF Zone 6 or Zone 7 is performed.
Write Enable. Active-low write strobe. The
write strobe waveform is specified, per zone
basis, by the Lead, Active, and Trail periods in
the XTIMINGx registers.
Read Enable. Active-low read strobe. The
read strobe waveform is specified, per zone
the XTIMINGx registers. NOTE: The XRD and
XWE signals are mutually exclusive.
Read Not Write Strobe. Normally held high.
When low, XR/W indicates write cycle is
active; when high, XR/W indicates read cycle
is active.
Ready Signal. Indicates peripheral is ready to
complete the access when asserted to 1.
synchronous or an asynchronous input. See
the timing diagrams for more details.
X1/XCLKINK97758I–X1/XCLKIN pin is referenced to the 1.8-V (or
X2M97657O–Oscillator Output
XCLKOUTF1111987O–XCLKOUT = SYSCLKOUT/4. The XCLKOUT
TESTSELA1313497IPD
XRSD6160113I/OPUwhen a watchdog reset occurs. During
TEST1M76751I/O–devices, this pin is a “no connect (NC)”
TEST2N76650I/O–devices, this pin is a “no connect (NC)”
179-BALL176-PIN128-PIN
GHH/ZHHPGFPBK
JTAG AND MISCELLANEOUS SIGNALS
(2)
PU/PD
(3)
Oscillator Input – input to the internal
oscillator. This pin is also used to feed an
external clock. The 28x can be operated with
an external clock source, provided that the
proper voltage levels be driven on the
X1/XCLKIN pin. It should be noted that the
1.9-V) core digital power supply (VDD), rather
than the 3.3-V I/O supply (V
diode may be used to clamp a buffered clock
signal to ensure that the logic-high level does
not exceed VDD(1.8 V or 1.9 V) or a 1.8-V
oscillator may be used.
Output clock derived from SYSCLKOUT to be
used for external wait-state generation and as
a general-purpose clock source. XCLKOUT is
either the same frequency, 1/2 the frequency,
or 1/4 the frequency of SYSCLKOUT. At reset,
signal can be turned off by setting bit 3
(CLKOFF) of the XINTCNF2 register to 1.
Unlike other GPIO pins, the XCLKOUT pin is
not placed in a high-impedance state during
reset.
Test Pin. Reserved for TI. Must be connected
to ground.
Device Reset (in) and Watchdog Reset (out).
Device reset. XRS causes the device to
terminate execution. The PC will point to the
address contained at the location 0x3FFFC0.
When XRS is brought to a high level,
execution begins at the location pointed to by
the PC. This pin is driven low by the DSP
watchdog reset, the XRS pin will be driven low
for the watchdog reset duration of
512 XCLKIN cycles.
The output buffer of this pin is an open-drain
with an internal pullup (100 µA, typical). It is
recommended that this pin be driven by an
open-drain device.
Test Pin. Reserved for TI. On F281x devices,
TEST1 must be left unconnected. On C281x
(i.e., this pin is not connected to any circuitry
internal to the device).
Test Pin. Reserved for TI. On F281x devices,
TEST2 must be left unconnected. On C281x
(i.e., this pin is not connected to any circuitry
internal to the device).
TCKA1213699IPUJTAG test clock with internal pullup
TMSD1312692IPUpullup. This serial control input is clocked into
TDIC1313196IPUTDI is clocked into the selected register
TDOD1212793O/Z–
EMU0D11137100I/O/ZPU
179-BALL176-PIN128-PIN
GHH/ZHHPGFPBK
JTAG
(2)
PU/PD
(3)
JTAG test reset with internal pulldown. TRST,
when driven high, gives the scan system
control of the operations of the device. If this
signal is not connected or driven low, the
device operates in its functional mode, and the
test reset signals are ignored.
NOTE: Do not use pullup resistors on TRST; it
has an internal pulldown device. TRST is an
active-high test pin and must be maintained
low at all times during normal device
operation. In a low-noise environment, TRST
may be left floating. In other instances, an
external pulldown resistor is highly
recommended. The value of this resistor
should be based on drive strength of the
debugger pods applicable to the design. A
2.2-kΩ resistor generally offers adequate
protection. Since this is application-specific, it
is recommended that each target board be
validated for proper operation of the debugger
and the application.
JTAG test-mode select (TMS) with internal
the TAP controller on the rising edge of TCK.
JTAG test data input (TDI) with internal pullup.
(instruction or data) on a rising edge of TCK.
JTAG scan out, test data output (TDO). The
contents of the selected register (instruction or
data) is shifted out of TDO on the falling edge
of TCK.
Emulator pin 0. When TRST is driven high,
this pin is used as an interrupt to or from the
emulator system and is defined as input/output
through the JTAG scan. This pin is also used
to put the device into boundary-scan mode.
With the EMU0 pin at a logic-high state and
the EMU1 pin at a logic-low state, a rising
edge on the TRST pin would latch the device
into boundary-scan mode.
NOTE: An external pullup resistor is
recommended on this pin. The value of this
resistor should be based on the drive strength
of the debugger pods applicable to the design.
A 2.2-kΩ to 4.7-kΩ resistor is generally
adequate. Since this is application-specific, it
is recommended that each target board be
validated for proper operation of the debugger
and the application.
Emulator pin 1. When TRST is driven high,
this pin is used as an interrupt to or from the
emulator system and is defined as input/output
through the JTAG scan. This pin is also used
to put the device into boundary-scan mode.
With the EMU0 pin at a logic-high state and
the EMU1 pin at a logic-low state, a rising
edge on the TRST pin would latch the device
into boundary-scan mode.
NOTE: An external pullup resistor is
recommended on this pin. The value of this
resistor should be based on the drive strength
of the debugger pods applicable to the design.
A 2.2-kΩ to 4.7-kΩ resistor is generally
adequate. Since this is application-specific, it
is recommended that each target board be
validated for proper operation of the debugger
and the application.
8-channel analog inputs for
Sample-and-Hold A. The ADC pins should not
be driven before the V
pins have been fully powered up.
DDA1
, V
DDA2
, and V
8-channel analog inputs for
Sample-and-Hold B. The ADC pins should not
be driven before the V
pins have been fully powered up.
DDA1
, V
DDA2
, and V
ADC Voltage Reference Output (2 V).
Requires a low ESR (under 1.5 Ω) ceramic
bypass capacitor of 10 µF to analog ground.
[Can accept external reference input (2 V) if
the software bit is enabled for this mode.
1–10 µF low ESR capacitor can be used in the
external reference mode.]
NOTE: Use the ADC Clock rate to derive the
ESR specification from the capacitor data
sheet that is used in the system.
ADC Voltage Reference Output (1 V).
Requires a low ESR (under 1.5 Ω) ceramic
bypass capacitor of 10 µF to analog ground.
[Can accept external reference input (1 V) if
the software bit is enabled for this mode.
1–10 µF low ESR capacitor can be used in the
external reference mode.]
NOTE: Use the ADC Clock rate to derive the
ESR specification from the capacitor data
sheet that is used in the system.
ADCBGREFINE6164116––
AVSSREFBGE31212––ADC Analog GND
AVDDREFBGE11313––ADC Analog Power (3.3-V)
ADCLOB3175127––
V
SSA1
V
SSA2
V
DDA1
V
DDA2
V
SS1
V
DD1
V
DDAIO
V
SSAIO
F31515––ADC Analog GND
C5165117––ADC Analog GND
F41414––ADC Analog 3.3-V Supply
A5166118––ADC Analog 3.3-V Supply
C6163115––ADC Digital GND
A6162114––ADC Digital 1.8-V (or 1.9-V) Supply
B211––3.3-V Analog I/O Power Pin
A2176128––Analog I/O Ground Pin
GPIOA0 - PWM1 (O)M129268I/OPUGPIO or PWM Output Pin #1
GPIOA1 - PWM2 (O)M149369I/OPUGPIO or PWM Output Pin #2
GPIOA2 - PWM3 (O)L129470I/OPUGPIO or PWM Output Pin #3
GPIOA3 - PWM4 (O)L139571I/OPUGPIO or PWM Output Pin #4
GPIOA4 - PWM5 (O)K119872I/OPUGPIO or PWM Output Pin #5
GPIOA5 - PWM6 (O)K1410175I/OPUGPIO or PWM Output Pin #6
GPIOA6 -
T1PWM_T1CMP (I)
GPIOA7 -
T2PWM_T2CMP (I)
J1110276I/OPUGPIO or Timer 1 Output
J1310477I/OPUGPIO or Timer 2 Output
GPIOA8 - CAP1_QEP1 (I)H1010678I/OPUGPIO or Capture Input #1
GPIOA9 - CAP2_QEP2 (I)H1110779I/OPUGPIO or Capture Input #2
GPIOA10 - CAP3_QEPI1 (I)H1210980I/OPUGPIO or Capture Input #3
GPIOA11 - TDIRA (I)F1411685I/OPUGPIO or Timer Direction
GPIOA12 - TCLKINA (I)F1311786I/OPUGPIO or Timer Clock Input
GPIOA13 - C1TRIP (I)E1312289I/OPUGPIO or Compare 1 Output Trip
GPIOA14 - C2TRIP (I)E1112390I/OPUGPIO or Compare 2 Output Trip
GPIOA15 - C3TRIP (I)F1012491I/OPUGPIO or Compare 3 Output Trip
GPIOB OR EVB SIGNALS
GPIOB0 - PWM7 (O)N24533I/OPUGPIO or PWM Output Pin #7
GPIOB1 - PWM8 (O)P24634I/OPUGPIO or PWM Output Pin #8
GPIOB2 - PWM9 (O)N34735I/OPUGPIO or PWM Output Pin #9
GPIOB3 - PWM10 (O)P34836I/OPUGPIO or PWM Output Pin #10
GPIOB4 - PWM11 (O)L44937I/OPUGPIO or PWM Output Pin #11
GPIOB5 - PWM12 (O)M45038I/OPUGPIO or PWM Output Pin #12
GPIOB6 -
T3PWM_T3CMP (I)
GPIOB7 -
T4PWM_T4CMP (I)
K55340I/OPUGPIO or Timer 3 Output
N55541I/OPUGPIO or Timer 4 Output
GPIOB8 - CAP4_QEP3 (I)M55743I/OPUGPIO or Capture Input #4
GPIOB9 - CAP5_QEP4 (I)M65944I/OPUGPIO or Capture Input #5
GPIOB10 - CAP6_QEPI2 (I)P66045I/OPUGPIO or Capture Input #6
GPIOB11 - TDIRB (I)L87154I/OPUGPIO or Timer Direction
GPIOB12 - TCLKINB (I)K87255I/OPUGPIO or Timer Clock Input
(2)
PU/PD
(3)
DESCRIPTION
3 3-V I/O Digital Power Pins
3.3-V Flash Core Power Pin. This pin should
be connected to 3.3 V at all times after
power-up sequence requirements have been
met. This pin is used as V
and must be connected to 3.3 V in ROM parts
GPIOB13 - C4TRIP (I)N66146I/OPUGPIO or Compare 4 Output Trip
GPIOB14 - C5TRIP (I)L66247I/OPUGPIO or Compare 5 Output Trip
GPIOB15 - C6TRIP (I)K76348I/OPUGPIO or Compare 6 Output Trip
GPIOD0 T1CTRIP_PDPINTA (I)
GPIOD1 -GPIO or Timer 2 Compare Output Trip or
T2CTRIP/EVASOC (I)External ADC Start-of-Conversion EV-A
GPIOD5 T3CTRIP_PDPINTB (I)
GPIOD6 -GPIO or Timer 4 Compare Output Trip or
T4CTRIP/EVBSOC (I)External ADC Start-of-Conversion EV-B
GPIOE0 - XINT1_XBIO (I)D9149106I/O/Z–GPIO or XINT1 or XBIO input
GPIOE1 -
XINT2_ADCSOC (I)
GPIOE2 - XNMI_XINT13 (I)E8150107I/OPUGPIO or XNMI or XINT13
GPIOF0 - SPISIMOA (O)M14031I/O/Z–GPIO or SPI slave in, master out
GPIOF1 - SPISOMIA (I)N14132I/O/Z–GPIO or SPI slave out, master in
GPIOF2 - SPICLKA (I/O)K23427I/O/Z–GPIO or SPI clock
GPIOF3 - SPISTEA (I/O)K43528I/O/Z–GPIO or SPI slave transmit enable
GPIOF4 - SCITXDA (O)C7155111I/OPUGPIO or SCI asynchronous serial port TX data
GPIOF5 - SCIRXDA (I)A7157112I/OPUGPIO or SCI asynchronous serial port RX data
GPIOF6 - CANTXA (O)N128764I/OPUGPIO or eCAN transmit data
GPIOF7 - CANRXA (I)N138965I/OPUGPIO or eCAN receive data
GPIOF8 - MCLKXA (I/O)J12823I/OPUGPIO or McBSP transmit clock
GPIOF9 - MCLKRA (I/O)H22521I/OPUGPIO or McBSP receive clock
GPIOF10 - MFSXA (I/O)H42622I/OPUGPIO or McBSP transmit frame synch
GPIOF11 - MFSRA (I/O)J22924I/OPUGPIO or McBSP receive frame synch
GPIOF12 - MDXA (O)G12219I/O–GPIO or McBSP transmitted serial data
GPIOF13 - MDRA (I)G22018I/OPUGPIO or McBSP received serial data
179-BALL176-PIN128-PIN
GHH/ZHHPGFPBK
GPIOD OR EVA SIGNALS
H1411081I/OPUGPIO or Timer 1 Compare Output Trip
G1011584I/OPU
GPIOD OR EVB SIGNALS
P107960I/OPUGPIO or Timer 3 Compare Output Trip
P118361I/OPU
GPIOE OR INTERRUPT SIGNALS
D8151108I/O/Z–GPIO or XINT2 or ADC start-of-conversion
Other than the power supply pins, no pin should be driven before the 3.3-V rail has reached
recommended operating conditions. However, it is acceptable for an I/O pin to ramp along
with the 3.3-V supply.
(3)
This pin has three functions:
1. XF – General-purpose output pin.
2. XPLLDIS – This pin is sampled during
reset to check whether the PLL must be
disabled. The PLL will be disabled if this
pin is sensed low. HALT and STANDBY
modes cannot be used when the PLL is
disabled.
3. GPIO – GPIO function
GPIO or SCI asynchronous serial port transmit
data
A.45 of the possible 96 interrupts are used on the devices.
B.XINTF is available on the F2812 and C2812 devices only.
C. On C281x devices, the OTP is replaced with a 1K x 16 block of ROM.
A.Memory blocks are not to scale.
B.Reserved locations are reserved for future expansion. Application should not access these areas.
C. Boot ROM and Zone 7 memory maps are active either in on-chip or XINTF zone depending on MP/MC, not in both.
D. Peripheral Frame 0, Peripheral Frame 1, and Peripheral Frame 2 memory maps are restricted to data memory only.
E.“Protected” means the order of Write followed by Read operations is preserved rather than the pipeline order.
F.Certain memory ranges are EALLOW protected against spurious writes after configuration.
G. Zones 0 and 1 and Zones 6 and 7 share the same chip select; hence, these memory blocks have mirrored locations.
Only one of these vector maps - M0 vector, PIE vector, BROM vector - should be enabled at a time.
LEGEND:
Block
Start Address
Low 64K
(24x/240x Equivalent Data Space)
High 64K
(24x/240x Equivalent
Program Space)
0x00 0000
M0 Vector - RAM (32 x 32)
(Enabled if VMAP = 0)
×
BROM Vector - ROM (32 x 32)
(Enabled if VMAP = 1, MP/= 0, ENPIE = 0)MC
×
Data Space
Prog Space
M0 SARAM (1K x 16)
M1 SARAM (1K x 16)
×
Peripheral Frame 0
0x00 0040
0x00 0400
0x00 0800
PIE Vector - RAM
(256 x 16)
(Enabled if
VMAP = 1, ENPIE = 1)
L0 SARAM (4K x 16, Secure Block)
Peripheral Frame 1
(Protected)
Peripheral Frame 2
(Protected)
L1 SARAM (4K x 16, Secure Block)
×
OTP (or ROM) (1K x 16, Secure Block)
Flash (or ROM) (128K x 16, Secure Block)
128-Bit Password
H0 SARAM (8K x 16)
Boot ROM (4K x 16)
(Enabled if MP/= 0)MC
0x00 0D00
0x00 0E00
0x00 2000
0x00 6000
0x00 7000
0x00 8000
0x00 9000
0x00 A000
0x3D 7800
0x3D 7C00
0x3F 7FF8
0x3F 8000
0x3F A000
0x3F F000
0x3F FFC0
On-Chip Memory
0x3D 8000
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved (1K)
Reserved
TMS320F2810, TMS320F2811, TMS320F2812
TMS320C2810, TMS320C2811, TMS320C2812
www.ti.com
SPRS174S–APRIL 2001–REVISED MARCH 2011
A.Memory blocks are not to scale.
B.Reserved locations are reserved for future expansion. Application should not access these areas.
C. Peripheral Frame 0, Peripheral Frame 1, and Peripheral Frame 2 memory maps are restricted to data memory only.
User program cannot access these memory maps in program space.
D. “Protected” means the order of Write followed by Read operations is preserved rather than the pipeline order.
E.Certain memory ranges are EALLOW protected against spurious writes after configuration.
A.Memory blocks are not to scale.
B.Reserved locations are reserved for future expansion. Application should not access these areas.
C. Peripheral Frame 0, Peripheral Frame 1, and Peripheral Frame 2 memory maps are restricted to data memory only.
User program cannot access these memory maps in program space.
D. “Protected” means the order of Write followed by Read operations is preserved rather than the pipeline order.
E.Certain memory ranges are EALLOW protected against spurious writes after configuration.
The “Low 64K” of the memory address range maps into the data space of the 240x. The “High 64K” of the
memory address range maps into the program space of the 24x/240x. 24x/240x-compatible code will
execute only from the “High 64K”memory area. Hence, the top 32K of Flash/ROM and H0 SARAM block
can be used to run 24x/240x-compatible code (if MP/MC mode is low) or, on the 2812, code can be
executed from XINTF Zone 7 (if MP/MC mode is high).
The XINTF consists of five independent zones. One zone has its own chip select and the remaining four
zones share two chip selects. Each zone can be programmed with its own timing (wait states) and to
either sample or ignore external ready signal. This makes interfacing to external peripherals easy and
glueless.
The chip selects of XINTF Zone 0 and Zone 1 are merged into a single chip select
(XZCS0AND1); and the chip selects of XINTF Zone 6 and Zone 7 are merged into a single
chip select (XZCS6AND7). See Section 3.5, External Interface, XINTF (2812 only), for
details.
Peripheral Frame 1, Peripheral Frame 2, and XINTF Zone 1 are grouped together to enable these blocks
to be “write/read peripheral block protected”. The “protected” mode ensures that all accesses to these
blocks happen as written. Because of the C28x pipeline, a write immediately followed by a read, to
different memory locations, will appear in reverse order on the memory bus of the CPU. This can cause
problems in certain peripheral applications where the user expected the write to occur first (as written).
The C28x CPU supports a block protection mode where a region of memory can be protected to make
sure that operations occur as written (the penalty is extra cycles that are added to align the operations).
This mode is programmable and, by default, it will protect the selected zones.
On the 2812, at reset, XINTF Zone 7 is accessed if the XMP/MC pin is pulled high. This signal selects
microprocessor or microcomputer mode of operation. In microprocessor mode, Zone 7 is mapped to high
memory such that the vector table is fetched externally. The Boot ROM is disabled in this mode. In
microcomputer mode, Zone 7 is disabled such that the vectors are fetched from Boot ROM. This allows
the user to either boot from on-chip memory or from off-chip memory. The state of the XMP/MC signal on
reset is stored in an MP/MC mode bit in the XINTCNF2 register. The user can change this mode in
software and hence control the mapping of Boot ROM and XINTF Zone 7. No other memory blocks are
affected by XMP/MC.
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NOTE
I/O space is not supported on the 2812 XINTF.
The wait states for the various spaces in the memory map area are listed in Table 3-3.
The C28x™ DSP generation is the newest member of the TMS320C2000™ DSP platform. The C28x is
source code compatible to the 24x/240x DSP devices, hence existing 240x users can leverage their
significant software investment. Additionally, the C28x is a very efficient C/C++ engine, enabling users to
develop not only their system control software in a high-level language, but also enables math algorithms
to be developed using C/C++. The C28x is as efficient in DSP math tasks as it is in system control tasks
that typically are handled by microcontroller devices. This efficiency removes the need for a second
processor in many systems. The 32 x 32-bit MAC capabilities of the C28x and its 64-bit processing
capabilities, enable the C28x to efficiently handle higher numerical resolution problems that would
otherwise demand a more expensive floating-point processor solution. Add to this the fast interrupt
response with automatic context save of critical registers, resulting in a device that is capable of servicing
many asynchronous events with minimal latency. The C28x has an 8-level-deep protected pipeline with
pipelined memory accesses. This pipelining enables the C28x to execute at high speeds without resorting
to expensive high-speed memories. Special branch-look-ahead hardware minimizes the latency for
conditional discontinuities. Special store conditional operations further improve performance.
3.2.2Memory Bus (Harvard Bus Architecture)
As with many DSP type devices, multiple busses are used to move data between the memories and
peripherals and the CPU. The C28x memory bus architecture contains a program read bus, data read bus
and data write bus. The program read bus consists of 22 address lines and 32 data lines. The data read
and write busses consist of 32 address lines and 32 data lines each. The 32-bit-wide data busses enable
single cycle 32-bit operations. The multiple bus architecture, commonly termed “Harvard Bus”, enables the
C28x to fetch an instruction, read a data value and write a data value in a single cycle. All peripherals and
memories attached to the memory bus will prioritize memory accesses. Generally, the priority of Memory
Bus accesses can be summarized as follows:
SPRS174S–APRIL 2001–REVISED MARCH 2011
Highest: Data Writes (Simultaneous data and program writes cannot occur on the memory bus.)
Program Writes (Simultaneous data and program writes cannot occur on the memory bus.)
Data Reads
Program Reads (Simultaneous program reads and fetches cannot occur on the memory bus.)
Lowest: Fetches (Simultaneous program reads and fetches cannot occur on the memory bus.)
3.2.3Peripheral Bus
To enable migration of peripherals between various Texas Instruments ( TI™) DSP family of devices, the
F281x and C281x adopt a peripheral bus standard for peripheral interconnect. The peripheral bus bridge
multiplexes the various busses that make up the processor “Memory Bus” into a single bus consisting of
16 address lines and 16 or 32 data lines and associated control signals. Two versions of the peripheral
bus are supported on the F281x and C281x. One version only supports 16-bit accesses (called peripheral
frame 2) and this retains compatibility with C240x-compatible peripherals. The other version supports both
16- and 32-bit accesses (called peripheral frame 1).
3.2.4Real-Time JTAG and Analysis
The F281x and C281x implement the standard IEEE 1149.1 JTAG interface. Additionally, the F281x and
C281x support real-time mode of operation whereby the contents of memory, peripheral, and register
locations can be modified while the processor is running and executing code and servicing interrupts. The
user can also single step through non-time critical code while enabling time-critical interrupts to be
serviced without interference. The F281x and C281x implement the real-time mode in hardware within the
CPU. This is a unique feature to the F281x and C281x, no software monitor is required. Additionally,
special analysis hardware is provided that allows the user to set hardware breakpoint or data/address
watch-points and generate various user selectable break events when a match occurs.
3.2.5External Interface (XINTF) (2812 Only)
This asynchronous interface consists of 19 address lines, 16 data lines, and three chip-select lines. The
chip-select lines are mapped to five external zones, Zones 0, 1, 2, 6, and 7. Zones 0 and 1 share a single
chip-select; Zones 6 and 7 also share a single chip-select. Each of the five zones can be programmed
with a different number of wait states, strobe signal setup and hold timing and each zone can be
programmed for extending wait states externally or not. The programmable wait-state, chip-select and
programmable strobe timing enables glueless interface to external memories and peripherals.
3.2.6Flash (F281x Only)
The F2812 and F2811 contain 128K x 16 of embedded flash memory, segregated into four 8K x 16
sectors, and six 16K x 16 sectors. The F2810 has 64K x 16 of embedded flash, segregated into two 8K x
16 sectors, and three 16K x 16 sectors. All three devices also contain a single 1K x 16 of OTP memory at
address range 0x3D 7800–0x3D 7BFF. The user can individually erase, program, and validate a flash
sector while leaving other sectors untouched. However, it is not possible to use one sector of the flash or
the OTP to execute flash algorithms that erase/program other sectors. Special memory pipelining is
provided to enable the flash module to achieve higher performance. The flash/OTP is mapped to both
program and data space; therefore, it can be used to execute code or store data information.
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The F2810/F2811/F2812 Flash and OTP wait states can be configured by the application.
This allows applications running at slower frequencies to configure the flash to use fewer
wait states.
Flash effective performance can be improved by enabling the flash pipeline mode in the
Flash options register. With this mode enabled, effective performance of linear code
execution will be much faster than the raw performance indicated by the wait state
configuration alone. The exact performance gain when using the Flash pipeline mode is
application-dependent.
For more information on the Flash options, Flash wait-state, and OTP wait-state registers,
see the TMS320x281x DSP System Control and Interrupts Reference Guide (literature
number SPRU078).
3.2.7ROM (C281x Only)
The C2812 and C2811 contain 128K x 16 of ROM. The C2810 has 64K x 16 of ROM. In addition to this,
there is a 1K x 16 ROM block that replaces the OTP memory available in flash devices. For information on
how to submit ROM codes to TI, see the TMS320C28x CPU and Instruction Set Reference Guide
(literature number SPRU430).
3.2.8M0, M1 SARAMs
All C28x devices contain these two blocks of single access memory, each 1K x 16 in size. The stack
pointer points to the beginning of block M1 on reset. The M0 block overlaps the 240x device B0, B1, B2
RAM blocks and hence the mapping of data variables on the 240x devices can remain at the same
physical address on C28x devices. The M0 and M1 blocks, like all other memory blocks on C28x devices,
are mapped to both program and data space. Hence, the user can use M0 and M1 to execute code or for
data variables. The partitioning is performed within the linker. The C28x device presents a unified memory
map to the programmer. This makes for easier programming in high-level languages.
The F281x and C281x contain an additional 16K x 16 of single-access RAM, divided into three blocks
(4K + 4K + 8K). Each block can be independently accessed hence minimizing pipeline stalls. Each block
is mapped to both program and data space.
3.2.10 Boot ROM
The Boot ROM is factory-programmed with boot-loading software. The Boot ROM program executes after
device reset and checks several GPIO pins to determine which boot mode to enter. For example, the user
can select to execute code already present in the internal Flash or download new software to internal
RAM through one of several serial ports. Other boot modes exist as well. The Boot ROM also contains
standard tables, such as SIN/COS waveforms, for use in math-related algorithms. Table 3-4 shows the
details of how various boot modes may be invoked. See the TMS320x281x DSP Boot ROM ReferenceGuide (literature number SPRU095), for more information.
Table 3-4. Boot Mode Selection
BOOT MODE SELECTED
GPIO PU status
Jump to Flash/ROM address 0x3F 7FF6.
A branch instruction must have been programmed here prior to1xxx
reset to re-direct code execution as desired.
Call SPI_Boot to load from an external serial SPI EEPROM01xx
Call SCI_Boot to load from SCI-A0011
Jump to H0 SARAM address 0x3F 80000010
Jump to OTP address 0x3D 78000001
Call Parallel_Boot to load from GPIO Port B0000
(1) Extra care must be taken due to any effect toggling SPICLK to select a boot mode may have on external logic.
(2) If the boot mode selected is Flash, H0, or OTP, then no external code is loaded by the bootloader.
(3) PU = pin has an internal pullup. No PU = pin does not have an internal pullup.
(3)
GPIOF4GPIOF12GPIOF3GPIOF2
(SCITXDA)(MDXA)(SPISTEA)(SPICLK)
PUNo PUNo PUNo PU
(1)(2)
3.2.11 Security
The F281x and C281x support high levels of security to protect the user firmware from being
reverse-engineered. The security features a 128-bit password (hardcoded for 16 wait states), which the
user programs into the flash. One code security module (CSM) is used to protect the flash/ROM/OTP and
the L0/L1 SARAM blocks. The security feature prevents unauthorized users from examining the memory
contents via the JTAG port, executing code from external memory or trying to boot-load some undesirable
software that would export the secure memory contents. To enable access to the secure blocks, the user
must write the correct 128-bit ”KEY” value, which matches the value stored in the password locations
within the Flash/ROM.
NOTE
•When the code-security passwords are programmed, all addresses between 0x3F 7F80
and 0x3F 7FF5 cannot be used as program code or data. These locations must be
programmed to 0x0000.
•If the code security feature is not used, addresses 0x3F 7F80 through 0x3F 7FEF may
be used for code or data.
•On ROM devices, addresses 0x3F 7FF2–0x3F 7FF5 and 0x3D 7BFC–0x3D 7BFF are
reserved for TI, irrespective of whether code security has been used or not. User
application should not use these locations in any way.
•The 128-bit password (at 0x3F 7FF8–0x3F 7FFF) must not be programmed to zeros.
Doing so would permanently lock the device.
Table 3-5. Impact of Using the Code Security Module
ADDRESS
0x3F 7F80 – 0x3F 7FEF
0x3F 7FF0 – 0x3F 7FF5
0x3D 7BFC – 0x3D 7BFFApplication code and data
(1) See the TMS320F2810, TMS320F2811, TMS320F2812, TMS320C2810, TMS320C2811, TMS320C2812 DSP Silicon Errata (literature
number SPRZ193) for some restrictions.
Code Security EnabledCode Security Disabled
Fill with 0x0000Application code and data
CODE SECURITY STATUS
(1)
Disclaimer
Code Security Module Disclaimer
THE CODE SECURITY MODULE (CSM) INCLUDED ON THIS DEVICE WAS DESIGNED
TO PASSWORD PROTECT THE DATA STORED IN THE ASSOCIATED MEMORY
(EITHER ROM OR FLASH) AND IS WARRANTED BY TEXAS INSTRUMENTS (TI), IN
ACCORDANCE WITH ITS STANDARD TERMS AND CONDITIONS, TO CONFORM TO
TI'S PUBLISHED SPECIFICATIONS FOR THE WARRANTY PERIOD APPLICABLE FOR
THIS DEVICE.
TI DOES NOT, HOWEVER, WARRANT OR REPRESENT THAT THE CSM CANNOT BE
COMPROMISED OR BREACHED OR THAT THE DATA STORED IN THE ASSOCIATED
MEMORY CANNOT BE ACCESSED THROUGH OTHER MEANS. MOREOVER, EXCEPT
AS SET FORTH ABOVE, TI MAKES NO WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS
CONCERNING THE CSM OR OPERATION OF THIS DEVICE, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANT ABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
IN NO EVENT SHALL TI BE LIABLE FOR ANY CONSEQUENTIAL, SPECIAL, INDIRECT,
INCIDENTAL, OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, HOWEVER CAUSED, ARISING IN ANY WAY
OUT OF YOUR USE OF THE CSM OR THIS DEVICE, WHETHER OR NOT TI HAS BEEN
ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. EXCLUDED DAMAGES INCLUDE,
BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA, LOSS OF GOODWILL, LOSS OF USE OR
INTERRUPTION OF BUSINESS OR OTHER ECONOMIC LOSS.
3.2.12 Peripheral Interrupt Expansion (PIE) Block
The PIE block serves to multiplex numerous interrupt sources into a smaller set of interrupt inputs. The
PIE block can support up to 96 peripheral interrupts. On the F281x and C281x, 45 of the possible
96 interrupts are used by peripherals. The 96 interrupts are grouped into blocks of 8 and each group is fed
into 1 of 12 CPU interrupt lines (INT1 to INT12). Each of the 96 interrupts is supported by its own vector
stored in a dedicated RAM block that can be overwritten by the user. The vector is automatically fetched
by the CPU on servicing the interrupt. It takes 8 CPU clock cycles to fetch the vector and save critical
CPU registers. Hence the CPU can quickly respond to interrupt events. Prioritization of interrupts is
controlled in hardware and software. Each individual interrupt can be enabled/disabled within the PIE
block.
The F281x and C281x support three masked external interrupts (XINT1, 2, 13). XINT13 is combined with
one non-masked external interrupt (XNMI). The combined signal name is XNMI_XINT13. Each of the
interrupts can be selected for negative or positive edge triggering and can also be enabled/disabled
(including the XNMI). The masked interrupts also contain a 16-bit free-running up-counter, which is reset
to zero when a valid interrupt edge is detected. This counter can be used to accurately time-stamp the
interrupt.
The F281x and C281x can be clocked by an external oscillator or by a crystal attached to the on-chip
oscillator circuit. A PLL is provided supporting up to 10-input clock-scaling ratios. The PLL ratios can be
changed on-the-fly in software, enabling the user to scale back on operating frequency if lower power
operation is desired. Refer to Section 6, Electrical Specifications, for timing details. The PLL block can be
set in bypass mode.
3.2.15 Watchdog
The F281x and C281x support a watchdog timer. The user software must regularly reset the watchdog
counter within a certain time frame; otherwise, the watchdog will generate a reset to the processor. The
watchdog can be disabled if necessary.
3.2.16 Peripheral Clocking
The clocks to each individual peripheral can be enabled/disabled to reduce power consumption when a
peripheral is not in use. Additionally, the system clock to the serial ports (except eCAN) and the event
managers, CAP and QEP blocks can be scaled relative to the CPU clock. This enables the timing of
peripherals to be decoupled from increasing CPU clock speeds.
3.2.17 Low-Power Modes
The F281x and C281x devices are fully static CMOS devices. Three low-power modes are provided:
SPRS174S–APRIL 2001–REVISED MARCH 2011
IDLE:Place CPU in low-power mode. Peripheral clocks may be turned off selectively and only
those peripherals that must function during IDLE are left operating. An enabled interrupt
from an active peripheral will wake the processor from IDLE mode.
STANDBY:Turns off clock to CPU and peripherals. This mode leaves the oscillator and PLL
functional. An external interrupt event will wake the processor and the peripherals.
Execution begins on the next valid cycle after detection of the interrupt event.
HALT:Turns off the internal oscillator. This mode basically shuts down the device and places it
in the lowest possible power consumption mode. Only a reset or XNMI can wake the
device from this mode.
3.2.18 Peripheral Frames 0, 1, 2 (PFn)
The F281x and C281x segregate peripherals into three sections. The mapping of peripherals is as follows:
PIE:PIE Interrupt Enable and Control Registers Plus PIE Vector Table
Flash:Flash Control, Programming, Erase, Verify Registers
Timers:CPU-Timers 0, 1, 2 Registers
CSM:Code Security Module KEY Registers
PF1:eCAN:eCAN Mailbox and Control Registers
PF2:SYS:System Control Registers
GPIO:GPIO Mux Configuration and Control Registers
EV:Event Manager (EVA/EVB) Control Registers
McBSP:McBSP Control and TX/RX Registers
SCI:Serial Communications Interface (SCI) Control and RX/TX Registers
SPI:Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) Control and RX/TX Registers
ADC:12-Bit ADC Registers
Most of the peripheral signals are multiplexed with general-purpose I/O (GPIO) signals. This multiplexing
enables use of a pin as GPIO if the peripheral signal or function is not used. On reset, all GPIO pins are
configured as inputs. The user can then individually program each pin for GPIO mode or peripheral signal
mode. For specific inputs, the user can also select the number of input qualification cycles to filter
unwanted noise glitches.
3.2.20 32-Bit CPU-Timers (0, 1, 2)
CPU-Timers 0, 1, and 2 are identical 32-bit timers with presettable periods and with 16-bit clock
prescaling. The timers have a 32-bit count-down register, which generates an interrupt when the counter
reaches zero. The counter is decremented at the CPU clock speed divided by the prescale value setting.
When the counter reaches zero, it is automatically reloaded with a 32-bit period value. CPU-Timer 2 is
reserved for the DSP/BIOS Real-Time OS, and is connected to INT14 of the CPU. If DSP/BIOS is not
being used, CPU-Timer 2 is available for general use. CPU-Timer 1 is for general use and can be
connected to INT13 of the CPU. CPU-Timer 0 is also for general use and is connected to the PIE block.
3.2.21 Control Peripherals
The F281x and C281x support the following peripherals that are used for embedded control and
communication:
EV:The event manager module includes general-purpose timers, full-compare/PWM units,
capture inputs (CAP) and quadrature-encoder pulse (QEP) circuits. Two such event
managers are provided which enable two three-phase motors to be driven or four
two-phase motors. The event managers on the F281x and C281x are compatible to the
event managers on the 240x devices (with some minor enhancements).
ADC:The ADC block is a 12-bit converter, single ended, 16-channels. It contains two
sample-and-hold units for simultaneous sampling.
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3.2.22 Serial Port Peripherals
The F281x and C281x support the following serial communication peripherals:
eCAN:This is the enhanced version of the CAN peripheral. It supports 32 mailboxes, time
stamping of messages, and is CAN 2.0B-compliant.
McBSP:The multichannel buffered serial port (McBSP) connects to E1/T1 lines, phone-quality
codecs for modem applications or high-quality stereo audio DAC devices. The McBSP
receive and transmit registers are supported by a 16-level FIFO that significantly reduces
the overhead for servicing this peripheral.
SPI:The SPI is a high-speed, synchronous serial I/O port that allows a serial bit stream of
programmed length (one to sixteen bits) to be shifted into and out of the device at a
programmable bit-transfer rate. Normally, the SPI is used for communications between
the DSP controller and external peripherals or another processor. Typical applications
include external I/O or peripheral expansion through devices such as shift registers,
display drivers, and ADCs. Multi-device communications are supported by the
master/slave operation of the SPI. On the F281x and C281x, the port supports a
16-level, receive-and-transmit FIFO for reducing servicing overhead.
SCI:The serial communications interface is a two-wire asynchronous serial port, commonly
known as UART. On the F281x and C281x, the port supports a 16-level,
receive-and-transmit FIFO for reducing servicing overhead.
(1) Registers in Frame 0 support 16-bit and 32-bit accesses.
(2) If registers are EALLOW protected, then writes cannot be performed until the user executes the EALLOW instruction. The EDIS
instruction disables writes. This prevents stray code or pointers from corrupting register contents.
(3) The Flash Registers are also protected by the Code Security Module (CSM).
These registers are used to control the protection mode of the C28x CPU and to monitor some critical
device signals. The registers are defined in Table 3-9.
This section gives a top-level view of the external interface (XINTF) that is implemented on the 2812
devices.
The external interface is a non-multiplexed asynchronous bus, similar to the C240x external interface. The
external interface on the 2812 is mapped into five fixed zones shown in Figure 3-5.
Figure 3-5 shows the 2812 XINTF signals.
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A.The mapping of XINTF Zone 7 is dependent on the XMP/MC device input signal and the MP/MC mode bit (bit 8 of
XINTCNF2 register). Zones 0, 1, 2, and 6 are always enabled.
B.Each zone can be programmed with different wait states, setup and hold timing, and is supported by zone chip
selects (XZCS0AND1, XZCS2, XZCS6AND7), which toggle when an access to a particular zone is performed. These
features enable glueless connection to many external memories and peripherals.
C. The chip selects for Zone 0 and Zone 1 are ANDed internally together to form one chip select (XZCS0AND1). Any
external memory that is connected to XZCS0AND1 is dually mapped to both Zone 0 and Zone 1.
D. The chip selects for Zone 6 and Zone 7 are ANDed internally together to form one chip select (XZCS6AND7). Any
external memory that is connected to XZCS6AND7 is dually mapped to both Zone 6 and Zone 7. This means that if
Zone 7 is disabled (via the MP/MC mode), then any external memory is still accessible via Zone 6 address space.
E.XCLKOUT is also pinned out on the 2810 and 2811.
The operation and timing of the external interface, can be controlled by the registers listed in Table 3-10.
Table 3-10. XINTF Configuration and Control Register Mappings
NAMEADDRESSDESCRIPTION
XTIMING00x00 0B202XINTF Timing Register, Zone 0 can access as two 16-bit registers or one 32-bit register.
XTIMING10x00 0B222XINTF Timing Register, Zone 1 can access as two 16-bit registers or one 32-bit register.
XTIMING20x00 0B242XINTF Timing Register, Zone 2 can access as two 16-bit registers or one 32-bit register.
XTIMING60x00 0B2C2XINTF Timing Register, Zone 6 can access as two 16-bit registers or one 32-bit register.
XTIMING70x00 0B2E2XINTF Timing Register, Zone 7 can access as two 16-bit registers or one 32-bit register.
XINTCNF20x00 0B342XINTF Configuration Register can access as two 16-bit registers or one 32-bit register.
XBANK0x00 0B381XINTF Bank Control Register
XREVISION0x00 0B3A1XINTF Revision Register
SIZE
(x16)
3.5.1Timing Registers
XINTF signal timing can be tuned to match specific external device requirements such as setup and hold
times to strobe signals for contention avoidance and maximizing bus efficiency. The XINTF timing
parameters can be configured individually for each zone based on the requirements of the memory or
peripheral accessed by that particular zone. This allows the programmer to maximize the efficiency of the
bus on a per-zone basis. All XINTF timing values are with respect to XTIMCLK, which is equal to or
one-half of the SYSCLKOUT rate, as shown in Figure 6-30.
For detailed information on the XINTF timing and configuration register bit fields, see the TMS320x281xDSP External Interface (XINTF) Reference Guide (literature number SPRU067).
3.5.2XREVISION Register
The XREVISION register contains a unique number to identify the particular version of XINTF used in the
product. For the 2812, this register will be configured as described in Table 3-11.
Table 3-11. XREVISION Register Bit Definitions
BIT(S)NAMETYPERESETDESCRIPTION
15–0REVISIONR0x0004
Current XINTF Revision. For internal use/reference. Test purposes
only. Subject to change.
Figure 3-6 shows how the various interrupt sources are multiplexed within the F281x and C281x devices.
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A.Out of a possible 96 interrupts, 45 are currently used by peripherals.
Figure 3-6. Interrupt Sources
Eight PIE block interrupts are grouped into one CPU interrupt. In total, 12 CPU interrupt groups, with
8 interrupts per group equals 96 possible interrupts. On the F281x and C281x, 45 of these are used by
peripherals as shown in Table 3-12.
The TRAP #VectorNumber instruction transfers program control to the interrupt service routine
corresponding to the vector specified. TRAP #0 attempts to transfer program control to the address
pointed to by the reset vector. The PIE vector table does not, however, include a reset vector. Therefore,
TRAP #0 should not be used when the PIE is enabled. Doing so will result in undefined behavior.
When the PIE is enabled, TRAP #1 through TRAP #12 will transfer program control to the interrupt service
routine corresponding to the first vector within the PIE group. For example: TRAP #1 fetches the vector
from INT1.1, TRAP #2 fetches the vector from INT2.1 and so forth.
(1) Out of the 96 possible interrupts, 45 interrupts are currently used. The remaining interrupts are reserved for future devices. These
interrupts can be used as software interrupts if they are enabled at the PIEIFRx level, provided none of the interrupts within the group is
being used by a peripheral. Otherwise, interrupts coming in from peripherals may be lost by accidentally clearing their flag while
modifying the PIEIFR.
To summarize, there are two safe cases when the reserved interrupts could be used as software interrupts:
• No peripheral within the group is asserting interrupts.
• No peripheral interrupts are assigned to the group (example PIE group 12).
Table 3-13. PIE Configuration and Control Registers
NAMEADDRESSSIZE (x16)DESCRIPTION
PIECTRL0x0000 0CE01PIE, Control Register
PIEACK0x0000 0CE11PIE, Acknowledge Register
PIEIER10x0000 0CE21PIE, INT1 Group Enable Register
PIEIFR10x0000 0CE31PIE, INT1 Group Flag Register
PIEIER20x0000 0CE41PIE, INT2 Group Enable Register
PIEIFR20x0000 0CE51PIE, INT2 Group Flag Register
PIEIER30x0000 0CE61PIE, INT3 Group Enable Register
PIEIFR30x0000 0CE71PIE, INT3 Group Flag Register
PIEIER40x0000 0CE81PIE, INT4 Group Enable Register
PIEIFR40x0000 0CE91PIE, INT4 Group Flag Register
PIEIER50x0000 0CEA1PIE, INT5 Group Enable Register
PIEIFR50x0000 0CEB1PIE, INT5 Group Flag Register
PIEIER60x0000 0CEC1PIE, INT6 Group Enable Register
PIEIFR60x0000 0CED1PIE, INT6 Group Flag Register
PIEIER70x0000 0CEE1PIE, INT7 Group Enable Register
PIEIFR70x0000 0CEF1PIE, INT7 Group Flag Register
PIEIER80x0000 0CF01PIE, INT8 Group Enable Register
PIEIFR80x0000 0CF11PIE, INT8 Group Flag Register
PIEIER90x0000 0CF21PIE, INT9 Group Enable Register
PIEIFR90x0000 0CF31PIE, INT9 Group Flag Register
PIEIER100x0000 0CF41PIE, INT10 Group Enable Register
PIEIFR100x0000 0CF51PIE, INT10 Group Flag Register
PIEIER110x0000 0CF61PIE, INT11 Group Enable Register
PIEIFR110x0000 0CF71PIE, INT11 Group Flag Register
PIEIER120x0000 0CF81PIE, INT12 Group Enable Register
PIEIFR120x0000 0CF91PIE, INT12 Group Flag Register
Reserved0x0000 0CFA – 0x0000 0CFF6Reserved
(1) The PIE configuration and control registers are not protected by EALLOW mode. The PIE vector table is protected.
Each external interrupt can be enabled/disabled or qualified using positive or negative going edge. For
more information, see the TMS320x281x DSP System Control and Interrupts Reference Guide (literature
number SPRU078).
This section describes the F281x and C281x oscillator, PLL and clocking mechanisms, the watchdog
function and the low-power modes. Figure 3-8 shows the various clock and reset domains in the F281x
and C281x devices that will be discussed.
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A.CLKIN is the clock input to the CPU. SYSCLKOUT is the output clock of the CPU. They are of the same frequency.
LOSPCP0x00 701B1
PCLKCR0x00 701C1Peripheral Clock Control Register
Reserved0x00 701D1
LPMCR00x00 701E1Low-Power Mode Control Register 0
LPMCR10x00 701F1Low-Power Mode Control Register 1
Reserved0x00 70201
PLLCR0x00 70211PLL Control Register
SCSR0x00 70221System Control and Status Register
WDCNTR0x00 70231Watchdog Counter Register
Reserved0x00 70241
WDKEY0x00 70251Watchdog Reset Key Register
Reserved0x00 7026 – 0x00 70283
WDCR0x00 70291Watchdog Control Register
Reserved0x00 702A – 0x00 702F6
(1) All of the above registers can only be accessed by executing the EALLOW instruction.
(2) The PLL control register (PLLCR) is reset to a known state by the XRS signal only. Emulation reset (through Code Composer Studio)
will not reset PLLCR.
High-Speed Peripheral Clock Prescaler Register for
HSPCLK clock
Low-Speed Peripheral Clock Prescaler Register for
LSPCLK clock
Figure 3-9 shows the OSC and PLL block on the F281x and C281x.
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Figure 3-9. OSC and PLL Block
The on-chip oscillator circuit enables a crystal to be attached to the F281x and C281x devices using the
X1/XCLKIN and X2 pins. If a crystal is not used, then an external oscillator can be directly connected to
the X1/XCLKIN pin and the X2 pin is left unconnected. The logic-high level in this case should not
exceed VDD. The PLLCR bits [3:0] set the clocking ratio.
In PLL enabled mode, if the input clock XCLKIN or the oscillator clock is removed or absent, the PLL will
still issue a “limp-mode” clock. The limp-mode clock will continue to clock the CPU and peripherals at a
typical frequency of 1–4 MHz. The PLLCR register should have been written to with a non-zero value for
this feature to work.
Normally, when the input clocks are present, the watchdog counter will decrement to initiate a watchdog
reset or WDINT interrupt. However, when the external input clock fails, the watchdog counter will stop
decrementing (i.e., the watchdog counter does not change with the limp-mode clock). This condition could
be used by the application firmware to detect the input clock failure and initiate necessary shut-down
procedure for the system.
Applications in which the correct CPU operating frequency is absolutely critical must
implement a mechanism by which the DSP will be held in reset, should the input clocks ever
fail. For example, an R-C circuit may be used to trigger the XRS pin of the DSP, should the
capacitor ever get fully charged. An I/O pin may be used to discharge the capacitor on a
periodic basis to prevent it from getting fully charged. Such a circuit would also help in
detecting failure of the V
The F281x and C281x have an on-chip, PLL-based clock module. This module provides all the necessary
clocking signals for the device, as well as control for low-power mode entry. The PLL has a 4-bit ratio
control to select different CPU clock rates. The watchdog module should be disabled before writing to the
PLLCR register. It can be re-enabled (if need be) after the PLL module has stabilized, which takes
131072 XCLKIN cycles.
The PLL-based clock module provides two modes of operation:
•Crystal operation: This mode allows the use of an external crystal/resonator to provide the time base
to the device.
•External clock source operation: This mode allows the internal oscillator to be bypassed. The device
clocks are generated from an external clock source input on the X1/XCLKIN pin.
A.TI recommends that customers have the resonator/crystal vendor characterize the operation of their device with the
DSP chip. The resonator/crystal vendor has the equipment and expertise to tune the tank circuit. The vendor can also
advise the customer regarding the proper tank component values that will ensure start-up and stability over the entire
operating range.
Figure 3-10. Recommended Crystal/Clock Connection
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Table 3-17. Possible PLL Configuration Modes
PLL MODEREMARKSSYSCLKOUT
PLL DisabledClock input to the CPU (CLKIN) is directly derived from the clock signal present at theXCLKIN
PLL Bypassedbypassed. However, the /2 module in the PLL block divides the clock input at theXCLKIN/2
PLL Enabled(XCLKIN * n) / 2
Invoked by tying XPLLDIS pin low upon reset. PLL block is completely disabled.
X1/XCLKIN pin.
Default PLL configuration upon power-up, if PLL is not disabled. The PLL itself is
X1/XCLKIN pin by two before feeding it to the CPU.
Achieved by writing a non-zero value “n” into PLLCR register. The /2 module in the
PLL block now divides the output of the PLL by two before feeding it to the CPU.
3.10 External Reference Oscillator Clock Option
The typical specifications for the external quartz crystal for a frequency of 30 MHz are listed below:
The watchdog block on the F281x and C281x is identical to the one used on the 240x devices. The
watchdog module generates an output pulse, 512 oscillator clocks wide (OSCCLK), whenever the 8-bit
watchdog up counter has reached its maximum value. To prevent this, the user disables the counter or the
software must periodically write a 0x55 + 0xAA sequence into the watchdog key register which will reset
the watchdog counter. Figure 3-11 shows the various functional blocks within the watchdog module.
SPRS174S–APRIL 2001–REVISED MARCH 2011
A.TheWDRST signal is driven low for 512 OSCCLK cycles.
Figure 3-11. Watchdog Module
The WDINT signal enables the watchdog to be used as a wakeup from IDLE/STANDBY mode timer.
In STANDBY mode, all peripherals are turned off on the device. The only peripheral that remains
functional is the watchdog. The WATCHDOG module will run off the PLL clock or the oscillator clock. The
WDINT signal is fed to the LPM block so that it can wake the device from STANDBY (if enabled). See
Section 3.12, Low-Power Modes Block, for more details.
In IDLE mode, the WDINT signal can generate an interrupt to the CPU, via the PIE, to take the CPU out of
IDLE mode.
In HALT mode, this feature cannot be used because the oscillator (and PLL) are turned off and hence, so
is the WATCHDOG.
The low-power modes on the F281x and C281x are similar to the 240x devices. Table 3-18 summarizes
the various modes.
Table 3-18. F281x and C281x Low-Power Modes
XRS,
WDINT,
XNMI,
Debugger
XRS,
WDINT,
XINT1,
XNMI,
SCIRXDA,
SCIRXDB,
CANRX,
Debugger
(1)
(3)
(3)
(3)
MODELPM[1:0]OSCCLKCLKINSYSCLKOUTEXIT
NormalX,Xononon–
IDLE0,0ononon
STANDBY0,1offoff
HALT1,X(oscillator and PLL turned off,offoffXNMI,
(1) The Exit column lists which signals or under what conditions the low-power mode will be exited. A low signal, on any of the signals, will
exit the low-power condition. This signal must be kept low long enough for an interrupt to be recognized by the device. Otherwise, the
IDLE mode will not be exited and the device will go back into the indicated low-power mode.
(2) The IDLE mode on the C28x behaves differently than on the 24x/240x. On the C28x, the clock output from the core (SYSCLKOUT) is
still functional; while on the 24x/240x, the clock is turned off.
(3) On the C28x, the JTAG port can still function even if the core clock (CLKIN) is turned off.
(watchdog still running)C1/2/3/4/5/6TRIP,
watchdog not functional)Debugger
onT1/2/3/4CTRIP,
offXRS,
(2)
Any Enabled Interrupt,
The various low-power modes operate as follows:
IDLE ModeThis mode is exited by any enabled interrupt or an XNMI that is recognized
by the processor. The LPM block performs no tasks during this mode as
long as the LPMCR0(LPM) bits are set to 0,0.
STANDBY ModeAll other signals (including XNMI) will wake the device from STANDBY
mode if selected by the LPMCR1 register. The user will need to select
which signal(s) will wake the device. The selected signal(s) are also
qualified by the OSCCLK before waking the device. The number of
OSCCLKs is specified in the LPMCR0 register.
HALT ModeOnly the XRS and XNMI external signals can wake the device from HALT
mode. The XNMI input to the core has an enable/disable bit. Hence, it is
safe to use the XNMI signal for this function.
NOTE
The low-power modes do not affect the state of the output pins (PWM pins included). They
will be in whatever state the code left them when the IDLE instruction was executed.
There are three 32-bit CPU-timers on the F281x and C281x devices (CPU-TIMER0/1/2).
Timer 2 is reserved for DSP/BIOS. CPU-Timer 0 and CPU-Timer 1 can be used in user applications.
These timers are different from the general-purpose (GP) timers that are present in the Event Manager
modules (EVA, EVB).
If the application is not using DSP/BIOS, then CPU-Timer 2 can be used in the application.
In the F281x and C281x devices, the timer interrupt signals (TINT0, TINT1, TINT2) are connected as
shown in Figure 4-2.
A.The timer registers are connected to the memory bus of the C28x processor.
B.The timing of the timers is synchronized to SYSCLKOUT of the processor clock.
Figure 4-2. CPU-Timer Interrupts Signals and Output Signal
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The general operation of the timer is as follows: The 32-bit counter register “TIMH:TIM” is loaded with the
value in the period register “PRDH:PRD”. The counter register decrements at the SYSCLKOUT rate of the
C28x. When the counter reaches 0, a timer interrupt output signal generates an interrupt pulse. The
registers listed in Table 4-1 are used to configure the timers. For more information, see the TMS320x281xDSP System Control and Interrupts Reference Guide (literature number SPRU078).
The event-manager modules include general-purpose (GP) timers, full-compare/PWM units, capture units,
and quadrature-encoder pulse (QEP) circuits. EVA and EVB timers, compare units, and capture units
function identically. However, timer/unit names differ for EVA and EVB. Table 4-2 shows the module and
signal names used. Table 4-2 shows the features and functionality available for the event-manager
modules and highlights EVA nomenclature.
Event managers A and B have identical peripheral register sets with EVA starting at 7400h and EVB
starting at 7500h. The paragraphs in this section describe the function of GP timers, compare units,
capture units, and QEPs using EVA nomenclature. These paragraphs are applicable to EVB with regard to
function—however, module/signal names would differ. Table 4-3 lists the EVA registers. For more
information, see the TMS320x281x DSP Event Manager (EV) Reference Guide (literature number
SPRU065).
Table 4-2. Module and Signal Names for EVA and EVB
EVENT MANAGER
MODULES
GP Timers
Compare UnitsCompare 2PWM3/4Compare 5PWM9/10
Capture UnitsCapture 2CAP2Capture 5CAP5
QEP ChannelsQEP2QEP4
External Clock Inputs
External Trip InputsCompareC2TRIPCompareC5TRIP
External Trip Inputs
(1) In the 24x/240x-compatible mode, the T1CTRIP_PDPINTA pin functions as PDPINTA and the T3CTRIP_PDPINTB pin functions as
PDPINTB.
MODULESIGNALMODULESIGNAL
GP Timer 1T1PWM/T1CMPGP Timer 3T3PWM/T3CMP
GP Timer 2T2PWM/T2CMPGP Timer 4T4PWM/T4CMP
GPTCONA0x00 74001GP Timer Control Register A
T1CNT0x00 74011GP Timer 1 Counter Register
T1CMPR0x00 74021GP Timer 1 Compare Register
T1PR0x00 74031GP Timer 1 Period Register
T1CON0x00 74041GP Timer 1 Control Register
T2CNT0x00 74051GP Timer 2 Counter Register
T2CMPR0x00 74061GP Timer 2 Compare Register
T2PR0x00 74071GP Timer 2 Period Register
T2CON0x00 74081GP Timer 2 Control Register
EXTCONA
COMCONA0x00 74111Compare Control Register A
ACTRA0x00 74131Compare Action Control Register A
DBTCONA0x00 74151Dead-Band Timer Control Register A
CMPR10x00 74171Compare Register 1
CMPR20x00 74181Compare Register 2
CMPR30x00 74191Compare Register 3
CAPCONA0x00 74201Capture Control Register A
CAPFIFOA0x00 74221Capture FIFO Status Register A
CAP1FIFO0x00 74231Two-Level-Deep Capture FIFO Stack 1
CAP2FIFO0x00 74241Two-Level-Deep Capture FIFO Stack 2
CAP3FIFO0x00 74251Two-Level-Deep Capture FIFO Stack 3
CAP1FBOT0x00 74271Bottom Register of Capture FIFO Stack 1
CAP2FBOT0x00 74281Bottom Register of Capture FIFO Stack 2
CAP3FBOT0x00 74291Bottom Register of Capture FIFO Stack 3
EVAIMRA0x00 742C1Interrupt Mask Register A
EVAIMRB0x00 742D1Interrupt Mask Register B
EVAIMRC0x00 742E1Interrupt Mask Register C
EVAIFRA0x00 742F1Interrupt Flag Register A
EVAIFRB0x00 74301Interrupt Flag Register B
EVAIFRC0x00 74311Interrupt Flag Register C
(1) The EV-B register set is identical except the address range is from 0x00 7500 to 0x00 753F. The above registers are mapped to Zone 2.
(2) New register compared to 24x/240x
(2)
This space allows only 16-bit accesses. 32-bit accesses produce undefined results.
There are two GP timers. The GP timer x (x = 1 or 2 for EVA; x = 3 or 4 for EVB) includes:
•A 16-bit timer, up-/down-counter, TxCNT, for reads or writes
•A 16-bit timer-compare register, TxCMPR (double-buffered with shadow register), for reads or writes
•A 16-bit timer-period register, TxPR (double-buffered with shadow register), for reads or writes
•A 16-bit timer-control register, TxCON, for reads or writes
•Selectable internal or external input clocks
•A programmable prescaler for internal or external clock inputs
•Control and interrupt logic, for four maskable interrupts: underflow, overflow, timer compare, and period
interrupts
•A selectable direction input pin (TDIRx) (to count up or down when directional up-/down-count mode is
selected)
The GP timers can be operated independently or synchronized with each other. The compare register
associated with each GP timer can be used for compare function and PWM-waveform generation. There
are three continuous modes of operations for each GP timer in up- or up/down-counting operations.
Internal or external input clocks with programmable prescaler are used for each GP timer. GP timers also
provide the time base for the other event-manager submodules: GP timer 1 for all the compares and PWM
circuits, GP timer 2/1 for the capture units and the quadrature-pulse counting operations. Double-buffering
of the period and compare registers allows programmable change of the timer (PWM) period and the
compare/PWM pulse width as needed.
SPRS174S–APRIL 2001–REVISED MARCH 2011
4.2.2Full-Compare Units
There are three full-compare units on each event manager. These compare units use GP timer1 as the
time base and generate six outputs for compare and PWM-waveform generation using programmable
deadband circuit. The state of each of the six outputs is configured independently. The compare registers
of the compare units are double-buffered, allowing programmable change of the compare/PWM pulse
widths as needed.
4.2.3Programmable Deadband Generator
Deadband generation can be enabled/disabled for each compare unit output individually. The
deadband-generator circuit produces two outputs (with or without deadband zone) for each compare unit
output signal. The output states of the deadband generator are configurable and changeable as needed
by way of the double-buffered ACTRx register.
4.2.4PWM Waveform Generation
Up to eight PWM waveforms (outputs) can be generated simultaneously by each event manager: three
independent pairs (six outputs) by the three full-compare units with programmable deadbands, and two
independent PWMs by the GP-timer compares.
4.2.5Double Update PWM Mode
The F281x and C281x Event Manager supports “Double Update PWM Mode.” This mode refers to a PWM
operation mode in which the position of the leading edge and the position of the trailing edge of a PWM
pulse are independently modifiable in each PWM period. To support this mode, the compare register that
determines the position of the edges of a PWM pulse must allow (buffered) compare value update once at
the beginning of a PWM period and another time in the middle of a PWM period. The compare registers in
F281x and C281x Event Managers are all buffered and support three compare value reload/update (value
in buffer becoming active) modes. These modes have earlier been documented as compare value reload
conditions. The reload condition that supports double update PWM mode is reloaded on Underflow
(beginning of PWM period) OR Period (middle of PWM period). Double update PWM mode can be
achieved by using this condition for compare value reload.
•Wide range of programmable deadband for the PWM output pairs
•Change of the PWM carrier frequency for PWM frequency wobbling as needed
•Change of the PWM pulse widths within and after each PWM period as needed
•External-maskable power and drive-protection interrupts
•Pulse-pattern-generator circuit, for programmable generation of asymmetric, symmetric, and
four-space vector PWM waveforms
•Minimized CPU overhead using auto-reload of the compare and period registers
•The PWM pins are driven to a high-impedance state when the PDPINTx pin is driven low and after
PDPINTx signal qualification. The PDPINTx pin (after qualification) is reflected in bit 8 of the
COMCONx register.
– PDPINTA pin status is reflected in bit 8 of COMCONA register.
– PDPINTB pin status is reflected in bit 8 of COMCONB register.
•EXTCON register bits provide options to individually trip control for each PWM pair of signals
4.2.7Capture Unit
The capture unit provides a logging function for different events or transitions. The values of the selected
GP timer counter is captured and stored in the two-level-deep FIFO stacks when selected transitions are
detected on capture input pins, CAPx (x = 1, 2, or 3 for EVA; and x = 4, 5, or 6 for EVB). The capture unit
consists of three capture circuits.
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Capture units include the following features:
•One 16-bit capture control register, CAPCONx (R/W)
•One 16-bit capture FIFO status register, CAPFIFOx
•Selection of GP timer 1/2 (for EVA) or 3/4 (for EVB) as the time base
•Three 16-bit 2-level-deep FIFO stacks, one for each capture unit
•Three capture input pins (CAP1/2/3 for EVA, CAP4/5/6 for EVB)—one input pin per capture unit. [All
inputs are synchronized with the device (CPU) clock. In order for a transition to be captured, the input
must hold at its current level to meet the input qualification circuitry requirements. The input pins
CAP1/2 and CAP4/5 can also be used as QEP inputs to the QEP circuit.]
•User-specified transition (rising edge, falling edge, or both edges) detection
•Three maskable interrupt flags, one for each capture unit
•The capture pins can also be used as general-purpose interrupt pins, if they are not used for the
capture function.
4.2.8Quadrature-Encoder Pulse (QEP) Circuit
Two capture inputs (CAP1 and CAP2 for EVA; CAP4 and CAP5 for EVB) can be used to interface the
on-chip QEP circuit with a quadrature encoder pulse. Full synchronization of these inputs is performed
on-chip. Direction or leading-quadrature pulse sequence is detected, and GP timer 2/4 is incremented or
decremented by the rising and falling edges of the two input signals (four times the frequency of either
input pulse).
With EXTCONA register bits, the EVA QEP circuit can use CAP3 as a capture index pin as well. Similarly,
with EXTCONB register bits, the EVB QEP circuit can use CAP6 as a capture index pin.
4.2.9External ADC Start-of-Conversion
EVA/EVB start-of-conversion (SOC) can be sent to an external pin (EVASOC/EVBSOC) for external ADC
interface. EVASOC and EVBSOC are MUXed with T2CTRIP and T4CTRIP, respectively.
A simplified functional block diagram of the ADC module is shown in Figure 4-4. The ADC module
consists of a 12-bit ADC with a built-in sample-and-hold (S/H) circuit. Functions of the ADC module
include:
•12-bit ADC core with built-in S/H
•Analog input: 0.0 V to 3.0 V (voltages above 3.0 V produce full-scale conversion results)
•Autosequencing capability provides up to 16 “autoconversions” in a single session. Each conversion
can be programmed to select any 1 of 16 input channels
•Sequencer can be operated as two independent 8-state sequencers or as one large 16-state
sequencer (i.e., two cascaded 8-state sequencers)
•Sixteen result registers (individually addressable) to store conversion values
– The digital value of the input analog voltage is derived by:
SPRS174S–APRIL 2001–REVISED MARCH 2011
•Multiple triggers as sources for the start-of-conversion (SOC) sequence
– S/W – software immediate start
– EVA – Event manager A (multiple event sources within EVA)
– EVB – Event manager B (multiple event sources within EVB)
•Flexible interrupt control allows interrupt request on every end-of-sequence (EOS) or every other EOS
•Sequencer can operate in “start/stop” mode, allowing multiple “time-sequenced triggers” to synchronize
conversions
•EVA and EVB triggers can operate independently in dual-sequencer mode
•Sample-and-hold (S/H) acquisition time window has separate prescale control
The ADC module in the F281x and C281x has been enhanced to provide flexible interface to event
managers A and B. The ADC interface is built around a fast, 12-bit ADC module with a fast conversion
rate of 80 ns at 25-MHz ADC clock. The ADC module has 16 channels, configurable as two independent
8-channel modules to service event managers A and B. The two independent 8-channel modules can be
cascaded to form a 16-channel module. Although there are multiple input channels and two sequencers,
there is only one converter in the ADC module. Figure 4-4 shows the block diagram of the F281x and
C281x ADC module.
The two 8-channel modules have the capability to autosequence a series of conversions, each module
has the choice of selecting any one of the respective eight channels available through an analog MUX. In
the cascaded mode, the autosequencer functions as a single 16-channel sequencer. On each sequencer,
once the conversion is complete, the selected channel value is stored in its respective RESULT register.
Autosequencing allows the system to convert the same channel multiple times, allowing the user to
perform oversampling algorithms. This gives increased resolution over traditional single-sampled
conversion results.
Figure 4-4. Block Diagram of the F281x and C281x ADC Module
To obtain the specified accuracy of the ADC, proper board layout is critical. To the best extent possible,
traces leading to the ADCIN pins should not run in close proximity to the digital signal paths. This is to
minimize switching noise on the digital lines from getting coupled to the ADC inputs. Furthermore, proper
isolation techniques must be used to isolate the ADC module power pins (V
from the digital supply. For better accuracy and ESD protection, unused ADC inputs should be connected
DDA1/VDDA2
, AVDDREFBG)
to analog ground.
Notes:
1. The ADC registers are accessed at the SYSCLKOUT rate. The internal timing of the ADC module is
controlled by the high-speed peripheral clock (HSPCLK).
2. The behavior of the ADC module based on the state of the ADCENCLK and HALT signals is as
follows:
ADCENCLK: On reset, this signal will be low. While reset is active-low (XRS) the clock to the register
will still function. This is necessary to make sure all registers and modes go into their default reset
state. The analog module will, however, be in a low-power inactive state. As soon as reset goes high,
then the clock to the registers will be disabled. When the user sets the ADCENCLK signal high, then
the clocks to the registers will be enabled and the analog module will be enabled. There will be a
certain time delay (ms range) before the ADC is stable and can be used.
HALT: This signal only affects the analog module. It does not affect the registers. If low, the ADC
module is powered. If high, the ADC module goes into low-power mode. The HALT mode will stop the
clock to the CPU, which will stop the HSPCLK. Therefore the ADC register logic will be turned off
indirectly.
ADCREFP and ADCREFM should not
be loaded by external circuitry
can use the same 1.8-V (or 1.9-V) supply as
the digital core but separate the two with a
ferrite bead or a filter
Digital Ground
ADC 16-Channel Analog Inputs
10 Fμ
(C)
10 Fμ
(C)
24.9 k /20 k
(B)
TMS320F2810, TMS320F2811, TMS320F2812
TMS320C2810, TMS320C2811, TMS320C2812
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Figure 4-5 shows the ADC pin-biasing for internal reference and Figure 4-6 shows the ADC pin-biasing for
external reference.
SPRS174S–APRIL 2001–REVISED MARCH 2011
A.Provide access to this pin in PCB layouts. Intended for test purposes only.
B.Use 24.9 kΩ for ADC clock range 1–18.75 MHz; use 20 kΩ for ADC clock range 18.75–25 MHz.
C. TAIYO YUDEN EMK325F106ZH, EMK325BJ106MD, or equivalent ceramic capacitor
D. External decoupling capacitors are recommended on all power pins.
E.Analog inputs must be driven from an operational amplifier that does not degrade the ADC performance.
Figure 4-5. ADC Pin Connections With Internal Reference
NOTE
The temperature rating of any recommended component must match the rating of the end
product.
A.External decoupling capacitors are recommended on all power pins.
B.Analog inputs must be driven from an operational amplifier that does not degrade the ADC performance.
C. Use 24.9 kΩ for ADC clock range 1–18.75 MHz; use 20 kΩ for ADC clock range 18.75–25 MHz.
D. It is recommended that buffered external references be provided with a voltage difference of (ADCREFP –
ADCREFM) = 1 V ± 0.1% or better.
External reference is enabled using bit 8 in the ADCTRL3 Register at ADC power up. In this mode, the accuracy of
external reference is critical for overall gain. The voltage ADCREFP – ADCREFM will determine the overall accuracy.
Do not enable internal references when external references are connected to ADCREFP and ADCREFM. See the
TMS320x281x DSP Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) Reference Guide (literature number SPRU060) for more
information.
Figure 4-6. ADC Pin Connections With External Reference
•Thirty-two mailboxes, each with the following properties:
– Configurable as receive or transmit
– Configurable with standard or extended identifier
– Has a programmable receive mask
– Supports data and remote frame
– Composed of 0 to 8 bytes of data
– Uses a 32-bit time stamp on receive and transmit message
– Protects against reception of new message
– Holds the dynamically programmable priority of transmit message
– Employs a programmable interrupt scheme with two interrupt levels
– Employs a programmable alarm on transmission or reception time-out
•Low-power mode
•Programmable wake-up on bus activity
•Automatic reply to a remote request message
•Automatic retransmission of a frame in case of loss of arbitration or error
•32-bit local network time counter synchronized by a specific message (communication in conjunction
with mailbox 16)
•Self-test mode
– Operates in a loopback mode receiving its own message. A “dummy” acknowledge is provided,
thereby eliminating the need for another node to provide the acknowledge bit.
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NOTE: For a SYSCLKOUT of 150 MHz, the smallest bit rate possible is 23.4 kbps.
The 28x CAN has passed the conformance test per ISO/DIS 16845. Contact TI for details.
If the eCAN module is not used in an application, the RAM available (LAM, MOTS, MOTO,
and mailbox RAM) can be used as general-purpose RAM. The CAN module clock should be
enabled for this.
The CAN registers listed in Table 4-6 are used by the CPU to configure and control the CAN controller
and the message objects. eCAN control registers only support 32-bit read/write operations. Mailbox RAM
can be accessed as 16 bits or 32 bits. 32-bit accesses are aligned to an even boundary.
Table 4-6. CAN Registers
NAMEADDRESSSIZE (x32)DESCRIPTION
CANME0x00 60001Mailbox enable
CANMD0x00 60021Mailbox direction
CANTRS0x00 60041Transmit request set
CANTRR0x00 60061Transmit request reset
CANTA0x00 60081Transmission acknowledge
CANAA0x00 600A1Abort acknowledge
CANRMP0x00 600C1Receive message pending
CANRML0x00 600E1Receive message lost
CANRFP0x00 60101Remote frame pending
CANGAM0x00 60121Global acceptance mask
CANMC0x00 60141Master control
CANBTC0x00 60161Bit-timing configuration
CANES0x00 60181Error and status
CANTEC0x00 601A1Transmit error counter
CANREC0x00 601C1Receive error counter
CANGIF00x00 601E1Global interrupt flag 0
CANGIM0x00 60201Global interrupt mask
CANGIF10x00 60221Global interrupt flag 1
CANMIM0x00 60241Mailbox interrupt mask
CANMIL0x00 60261Mailbox interrupt level
CANOPC0x00 60281Overwrite protection control
CANTIOC0x00 602A1TX I/O control
CANRIOC0x00 602C1RX I/O control
CANTSC0x00 602E1Time stamp counter (Reserved in SCC mode)
CANTOC0x00 60301Time-out control (Reserved in SCC mode)
CANTOS0x00 60321Time-out status (Reserved in SCC mode)
(1) These registers are mapped to Peripheral Frame 1.
The F281x and C281x devices include two serial communications interface (SCI) modules. The SCI
modules support digital communications between the CPU and other asynchronous peripherals that use
the standard non-return-to-zero (NRZ) format. The SCI receiver and transmitter are double-buffered, and
each has its own separate enable and interrupt bits. Both can be operated independently or
simultaneously in the full-duplex mode. To ensure data integrity, the SCI checks received data for break
detection, parity, overrun, and framing errors. The bit rate is programmable to over 65000 different speeds
through a 16-bit baud-select register.
NOTE: Both pins can be used as GPIO if not used for SCI.
•Baud rate programmable to 64K different rates
•Data-word format
– One start bit
– Data-word length programmable from one to eight bits
– Optional even/odd/no parity bit
– One or two stop bits
•Four error-detection flags: parity, overrun, framing, and break detection
•Two wake-up multiprocessor modes: idle-line and address bit
•Half- or full-duplex operation
•Double-buffered receive and transmit functions
•Transmitter and receiver operations can be accomplished through interrupt-driven or polled algorithms
with status flags.
– Transmitter: TXRDY flag (transmitter-buffer register is ready to receive another character) and TX
EMPTY flag (transmitter-shift register is empty)
– Receiver: RXRDY flag (receiver-buffer register is ready to receive another character), BRKDT flag
(break condition occurred), and RX ERROR flag (monitoring four interrupt conditions)
•Separate enable bits for transmitter and receiver interrupts (except BRKDT)
•Max bit rate = 75 MHz/16 = 4.688 x 106b/s
•NRZ (non-return-to-zero) format
•Ten SCI module control registers located in the control register frame beginning at address 7050h
NOTE: All registers in this module are 8-bit registers that are connected to Peripheral Frame 2. When
a register is accessed, the register data is in the lower byte (7–0), and the upper byte (15–8) is read as
zeros. Writing to the upper byte has no effect.
(3)
SPRS174S–APRIL 2001–REVISED MARCH 2011
Enhanced features:
•Auto baud-detect hardware logic
•16-level transmit/receive FIFO
(3) Serial port performance is limited by I/O buffer switching speed. Internal prescalers must be adjusted such that the peripheral speed is
less than the I/O buffer speed limit—20 MHz maximum.
SCICCRB0x00 77501SCI-B Communications Control Register
SCICTL1B0x00 77511SCI-B Control Register 1
SCIHBAUDB0x00 77521SCI-B Baud Register, High Bits
SCILBAUDB0x00 77531SCI-B Baud Register, Low Bits
SCICTL2B0x00 77541SCI-B Control Register 2
SCIRXSTB0x00 77551SCI-B Receive Status Register
SCIRXEMUB0x00 77561SCI-B Receive Emulation Data Buffer Register
SCIRXBUFB0x00 77571SCI-B Receive Data Buffer Register
SCITXBUFB0x00 77591SCI-B Transmit Data Buffer Register
SCIFFTXB
SCIFFRXB
SCIFFCTB
SCIPRIB0x00 775F1SCI-B Priority Control Register
(1) Registers in this table are mapped to peripheral bus 16 space. This space only allows 16-bit accesses. 32-bit accesses produce
(2) These registers are new registers for the FIFO mode.
The F281x and C281x devices include the four-pin serial peripheral interface (SPI) module. The SPI is a
high-speed, synchronous serial I/O port that allows a serial bit stream of programmed length (one to
sixteen bits) to be shifted into and out of the device at a programmable bit-transfer rate. Normally, the SPI
is used for communications between the DSP controller and external peripherals or another processor.
Typical applications include external I/O or peripheral expansion through devices such as shift registers,
display drivers, and ADCs. Multidevice communications are supported by the master/slave operation of
the SPI.
NOTE: All four pins can be used as GPIO, if the SPI module is not used.
•Two operational modes: master and slave
•Baud rate: 125 different programmable rates
www.ti.com
Serial port performance is limited by I/O buffer switching speed. Internal prescalers must be adjusted
such that the peripheral speed is less than the I/O buffer speed limit—20 MHz maximum.
•Data word length: one to sixteen data bits
•Four clocking schemes (controlled by clock polarity and clock phase bits) include:
– Falling edge without phase delay: SPICLK active-high. SPI transmits data on the falling edge of the
SPICLK signal and receives data on the rising edge of the SPICLK signal.
– Falling edge with phase delay: SPICLK active-high. SPI transmits data one half-cycle ahead of the
falling edge of the SPICLK signal and receives data on the falling edge of the SPICLK signal.
– Rising edge without phase delay: SPICLK inactive-low. SPI transmits data on the rising edge of the
SPICLK signal and receives data on the falling edge of the SPICLK signal.
– Rising edge with phase delay: SPICLK inactive-low. SPI transmits data one half-cycle ahead of the
falling edge of the SPICLK signal and receives data on the rising edge of the SPICLK signal.
•Simultaneous receive and transmit operation (transmit function can be disabled in software)
•Transmitter and receiver operations are accomplished through either interrupt-driven or polled
algorithms.
•Nine SPI module control registers: Located in control register frame beginning at address 7040h.
NOTE: All registers in this module are 16-bit registers that are connected to Peripheral Frame 2. When
a register is accessed, the register data is in the lower byte (7–0), and the upper byte (15–8) is read as
zeros. Writing to the upper byte has no effect.
The GPIO Mux registers are used to select the operation of shared pins on the F281x and C281x devices.
The pins can be individually selected to operate as “Digital I/O” or connected to “Peripheral I/O” signals
(via the GPxMUX registers). If selected for “Digital I/O”mode, registers are provided to configure the pin
direction (via the GPxDIR registers) and to qualify the input signal to remove unwanted noise (via the
GPxQUAL) registers). Table 4-11 lists the GPIO Mux Registers.
Table 4-11. GPIO Mux Registers
NAMEADDRESSSIZE (x16)DESCRIPTION
GPAMUX0x00 70C01GPIO A Mux Control Register
GPADIR0x00 70C11GPIO A Direction Control Register
GPAQUAL0x00 70C21GPIO A Input Qualification Control Register
Reserved0x00 70C31
GPBMUX0x00 70C41GPIO B Mux Control Register
GPBDIR0x00 70C51GPIO B Direction Control Register
GPBQUAL0x00 70C61GPIO B Input Qualification Control Register
Reserved0x00 70C71
Reserved0x00 70C81
Reserved0x00 70C91
Reserved0x00 70CA1
Reserved0x00 70CB1
GPDMUX0x00 70CC1GPIO D Mux Control Register
GPDDIR0x00 70CD1GPIO D Direction Control Register
GPDQUAL0x00 70CE1GPIO D Input Qualification Control Register
Reserved0x00 70CF1
GPEMUX0x00 70D01GPIO E Mux Control Register
GPEDIR0x00 70D11GPIO E Direction Control Register
GPEQUAL0x00 70D21GPIO E Input Qualification Control Register
Reserved0x00 70D31
GPFMUX0x00 70D41GPIO F Mux Control Register
GPFDIR0x00 70D51GPIO F Direction Control Register
Reserved0x00 70D61
Reserved0x00 70D71
GPGMUX0x00 70D81GPIO G Mux Control Register
GPGDIR0x00 70D91GPIO G Direction Control Register
Reserved0x00 70DA1
Reserved0x00 70DB1
Reserved0x00 70DC – 0x00 70DF4
(1) Reserved locations return undefined values and writes are ignored.
(2) Not all inputs support input signal qualification.
(3) These registers are EALLOW protected. This prevents spurious writes from overwriting the contents and corrupting the system.
If configured for ”Digital I/O” mode, additional registers are provided for setting individual I/O signals (via
the GPxSET registers), for clearing individual I/O signals (via the GPxCLEAR registers), for toggling
individual I/O signals (via the GPxTOGGLE registers), or for reading/writing to the individual I/O signals
(via the GPxDAT registers). Table 4-12 lists the GPIO Data Registers. For more information, see the
TMS320x281x DSP System Control and Interrupts Reference Guide (literature number SPRU078).
Table 4-12. GPIO Data Registers
NAMEADDRESSSIZE (x16)DESCRIPTION
GPADAT0x00 70E01GPIO A Data Register
GPASET0x00 70E11GPIO A Set Register
GPACLEAR0x00 70E21GPIO A Clear Register
GPATOGGLE0x00 70E31GPIO A Toggle Register
GPBDAT0x00 70E41GPIO B Data Register
GPBSET0x00 70E51GPIO B Set Register
GPBCLEAR0x00 70E61GPIO B Clear Register
GPBTOGGLE0x00 70E71GPIO B Toggle Register
Reserved0x00 70E81
Reserved0x00 70E91
Reserved0x00 70EA1
Reserved0x00 70EB1
GPDDAT0x00 70EC1GPIO D Data Register
GPDSET0x00 70ED1GPIO D Set Register
GPDCLEAR0x00 70EE1GPIO D Clear Register
GPDTOGGLE0x00 70EF1GPIO D Toggle Register
GPEDAT0x00 70F01GPIO E Data Register
GPESET0x00 70F11GPIO E Set Register
GPECLEAR0x00 70F21GPIO E Clear Register
GPETOGGLE0x00 70F31GPIO E Toggle Register
GPFDAT0x00 70F41GPIO F Data Register
GPFSET0x00 70F51GPIO F Set Register
GPFCLEAR0x00 70F61GPIO F Clear Register
GPFTOGGLE0x00 70F71GPIO F Toggle Register
GPGDAT0x00 70F81GPIO G Data Register
GPGSET0x00 70F91GPIO G Set Register
GPGCLEAR0x00 70FA1GPIO G Clear Register
GPGTOGGLE0x00 70FB1GPIO G Toggle Register
Reserved0x00 70FC – 0x00 70FF4
(1) Reserved locations will return undefined values and writes will be ignored.
(2) These registers are NOT EALLOW protected. The above registers will typically be accessed regularly by the user.
Figure 4-12 shows how the various register bits select the various modes of operation for GPIO function.
SPRS174S–APRIL 2001–REVISED MARCH 2011
A.In the GPIO mode, when the GPIO pin is configured for output operation, reading the GPxDAT data register only
gives the value written, not the value at the pin. In the peripheral mode, the state of the pin can be read through the
GPxDAT register, provided the corresponding direction bit is zero (input mode).
B.Some selected input signals are qualified by the SYSCLKOUT. The GPxQUAL register specifies the qualification
sampling period. The sampling window is 6 samples wide and the output is only changed when all samples are the
same (all 0's or all 1's). This feature removes unwanted spikes from the input signal.
Figure 4-12. GPIO/Peripheral Pin Multiplexing
The input function of the GPIO pin and the input path to the peripheral are always enabled. It
is the output function of the GPIO pin that is multiplexed with the output path of the primary
(peripheral) function. Since the output buffer of a pin connects back to the input buffer, any
GPIO signal present at the pin will be propagated to the peripheral module as well.
Therefore, when a pin is configured for GPIO operation, the corresponding peripheral
functionality (and interrupt-generating capability) must be disabled. Otherwise, interrupts may
be inadvertently triggered. This is especially critical when the PDPINTA and PDPINTB pins
are used as GPIO pins, since a value of zero for GPDDAT.0 or GPDDAT.5 (PDPINTx) will
put PWM pins in a high-impedance state. The CxTRIP and TxCTRIP pins will also put the
corresponding PWM pins in high impedance, if they are driven low (as GPIO pins) and bit
EXTCONx.0 = 1.
Texas Instruments ( TI™) offers an extensive line of development tools for the C28x™ generation of
DSPs, including tools to evaluate the performance of the processors, generate code, develop algorithm
implementations, and fully integrate and debug software and hardware modules.
The following products support development of F281x- and C281x-based applications:
Software Development Tools
•Code Composer Studio™ Integrated Development Environment (IDE)
– C/C++ Compiler
– Code generation tools
– Assembler/Linker
– Cycle Accurate Simulator
•Application algorithms
•Sample applications code
Hardware Development Tools
•2812 eZdsp
•JTAG-based emulators – SPI515, XDS510PP, XDS510PP Plus, XDS510 USB
•Universal 5-V dc power supply
•Documentation and cables
www.ti.com
5.1Device and Development Support Tool Nomenclature
To designate the stages in the product development cycle, TI assigns prefixes to the part numbers of all
TMS320™ DSP devices and support tools. Each TMS320 DSP commercial family member has one of
three prefixes: TMX, TMP, or TMS (e.g., TMS320F2812GHH). Texas Instruments recommends two of
three possible prefix designators for its support tools: TMDX and TMDS. These prefixes represent
evolutionary stages of product development from engineering prototypes (TMX/TMDX) through fully
qualified production devices/tools (TMS/TMDS).
TMXExperimental device that is not necessarily representative of the final device’s electrical
specifications
TMPFinal silicon die that conforms to the device’s electrical specifications but has not
completed quality and reliability verification
TMSFully qualified production device
Support tool development evolutionary flow:
TMDXDevelopment-support product that has not yet completed Texas Instruments internal
qualification testing
TMDSFully qualified development-support product
TMX and TMP devices and TMDX development-support tools are shipped against the following
disclaimer:
"Developmental product is intended for internal evaluation purposes."
TMS devices and TMDS development-support tools have been characterized fully, and the quality and
reliability of the device have been demonstrated fully. TI’s standard warranty applies.
Predictions show that prototype devices (TMX or TMP) have a greater failure rate than the standard
production devices. Texas Instruments recommends that these devices not be used in any production
system because their expected end-use failure rate still is undefined. Only qualified production devices are
to be used.
TI device nomenclature also includes a suffix with the device family name. This suffix indicates the
package type (for example, PBK) and temperature range (for example, A). Figure 5-1 provides a legend
for reading the complete device name for any TMS320x281x family member.
SPRS174S–APRIL 2001–REVISED MARCH 2011
5.2Documentation Support
Extensive documentation supports all of the TMS320™ DSP family generations of devices from product
announcement through applications development. The types of documentation available include: data
sheets and data manuals, with design specifications; and hardware and software applications.
Table 5-1 shows the peripheral reference guides appropriate for use with the devices in this data manual.
See the TMS320x28xx, 28xxx DSP Peripheral Reference Guide (literature number SPRU566) for more
information on types of peripherals.
TMS320x281x DSP System Control and InterruptsSPRU078–xx
TMS320x281x DSP External Interface (XINTF)SPRU0670x
TMS320x281x Enhanced Controller Area Network (eCAN)SPRU0740xx
TMS320x281x DSP Event Manager (EV)SPRU0650xx
TMS320x281x DSP Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC)SPRU0600xx
TMS320x281x DSP Multichannel Buffered Serial Port (McBSP)SPRU0610xx
TMS320x281x Serial Communications Interface (SCI)SPRU0510xx
TMS320x281x Serial Peripheral InterfaceSPRU0590xx
TMS320x281x DSP Boot ROMSPRU095–xx
(1) A type change represents a major functional feature difference in a peripheral module. Within a peripheral type, there may be minor
differences between devices which do not affect the basic functionality of the module. These device-specific differences are listed in the
peripheral reference guides.
The following documents are available on the TI website (http://www.ti.com):
SPRU430TMS320C28x CPU and Instruction Set Reference Guide describes the central processing
unit (CPU) and the assembly language instructions of the TMS320C28x™ fixed-point digital
signal processors (DSPs). It also describes emulation features available on these DSPs.
SPRU060TMS320x281x DSP Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) Reference Guide describes the
ADC module. The module is a 12-bit pipelined ADC. The analog circuits of this converter,
referred to as the core in this document, include the front-end analog multiplexers (MUXs),
sample-and-hold (S/H) circuits, the conversion core, voltage regulators, and other analog
supporting circuits. Digital circuits, referred to as the wrapper in this document, include
programmable conversion sequencer, result registers, interface to analog circuits, interface
to device peripheral bus, and interface to other on-chip modules.
SPRU095TMS320x281x DSP Boot ROM Reference Guide describes the purpose and features of the
bootloader (factory-programmed boot-loading software). It also describes other contents of
the device on-chip boot ROM and identifies where all of the information is located within that
memory.
SPRU065TMS320x281x DSP Event Manager (EV) Reference Guide describes the EV modules that
provide a broad range of functions and features that are particularly useful in motion control
and motor control applications. The EV modules include general-purpose (GP) timers,
full-compare/PWM units, capture units, and quadrature-encoder pulse (QEP) circuits.
SPRU067TMS320x281x DSP External Interface (XINTF) Reference Guide describes the external
interface (XINTF) of the 281x digital signal processors (DSPs).
www.ti.com
SPRU061TMS320x281x DSP Multichannel Buffered Serial Port (McBSP) Reference Guide
describes the McBSP available on the 281x devices. The McBSPs allow direct interface
between a DSP and other devices in a system.
SPRU078TMS320x281x DSP System Control and Interrupts Reference Guide describes the
various interrupts and system control features of the 281x digital signal processors (DSPs).
SPRU074TMS320x281x Enhanced Controller Area Network (eCAN) Reference Guide describes
the eCAN that uses established protocol to communicate serially with other controllers in
electrically noisy environments. With 32 fully configurable mailboxes and time-stamping
feature, the eCAN module provides a versatile and robust serial communication interface.
The eCAN module implemented in the C28x DSP is compatible with the CAN 2.0B standard
(active).
SPRU566TMS320x28xx, 28xxx DSP Peripheral Reference Guide describes the peripheral reference
guides of the 28x digital signal processors (DSPs).
SPRU051TMS320x281x Serial Communications Interface (SCI) Reference Guide describes the
SCI that is a two-wire asynchronous serial port, commonly known as a UART. The SCI
modules support digital communications between the CPU and other asynchronous
peripherals that use the standard non-return-to-zero (NRZ) format.
SPRU059TMS320x281x Serial Peripheral Interface Reference Guide describes the SPI—a
high-speed synchronous serial input/output (I/O) port that allows a serial bit stream of
programmed length (one to sixteen bits) to be shifted into and out of the device at a
programmed bit-transfer rate. The SPI is used for communications between the DSP
controller and external peripherals or another controller.
SPRA5503.3V DSP for Digital Motor Control Application Report. The application report first
describes a scenario of a 3.3-V-only motor controller indicating that for most applications, no
significant issue of interfacing between 3.3 V and 5 V exists. Cost-effective 3.3-V/5-V
interfacing techniques are then discussed for the situations where such interfacing is
needed. On-chip 3.3-V analog-to-digital converter (ADC) versus 5-V ADC is also discussed.
Guidelines for component layout and printed circuit board (PCB) design that can reduce
SPRA876Programming Examples for the TMS320F281x eCAN Application Report contains
SPRA989F2810, F2811, and F2812 ADC Calibration Application Report describes a method for
SPRS174S–APRIL 2001–REVISED MARCH 2011
system noise and EMI effects are summarized in the last section.
available within the Code Composer Studio for TMS320C2000™ IDE, that simulates the
instruction set of the C28x core.
describes development using DSP/BIOS™.
language tools (assembler and other tools used to develop assembly language code),
assembler directives, macros, common object file format, and symbolic debugging directives
for the TMS320C28x™ device.
TMS320C28x™ C/C++ compiler. This compiler accepts ANSI standard C/C++ source code
and produces TMS320™ DSP assembly language source code for the TMS320C28x device.
several programming examples to illustrate how the eCAN module is set up for different
modes of operation. The objective is to help you come up to speed quickly in programming
the eCAN. All programs have been extensively commented to aid easy understanding. The
CANalyzer tool from Vector CANtech, Inc. was used to monitor and control the bus
operation. All projects and CANalyzer configuration files are included in the spra876.zip file.
improving the absolute accuracy of the 12-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC) found on the
F2810/F2811/F2812 devices. Due to inherent gain and offset errors, the absolute accuracy
of the ADC is impacted. The methods described in this application note can improve the
absolute accuracy of the ADC to achieve levels better than 0.5%. This application note is
accompanied by an example program (ADCcalibration, spra989.zip) that executes from RAM
on the F2812 eZdsp.
A series of DSP textbooks is published by Prentice-Hall and John Wiley & Sons to support digital signal
processing research and education. The TMS320™ DSP newsletter, Details on Signal Processing, is
published quarterly and distributed to update TMS320™ DSP customers on product information.
Updated information on the TMS320™ DSP controllers can be found on the worldwide web at:
http://www.ti.com.
To send comments regarding this TMS320F2810, TMS320F2811, TMS320F2812, TMS320C2810,TMS320C2811,TMS320C2812 Digital Signal Processors Data Manual (literature number SPRS174), click
on the Submit Documentation Feedback link at the bottom of the page. For questions and support, contact
the Product Information Center listed at the http://www.ti.com/sc/docs/pic/home.htm site.
5.3Community Resources
The following links connect to TI community resources. Linked contents are provided "AS IS" by the
respective contributors. They do not constitute TI specifications and do not necessarily reflect TI's views;
see TI's Terms of Use.
TI E2E Community TI's Engineer-to-Engineer (E2E) Community. Created to foster collaboration
among engineers. At e2e.ti.com, you can ask questions, share knowledge, explore ideas and
help solve problems with fellow engineers.
TI Embedded Processors Wiki Texas Instruments Embedded Processors Wiki. Established to help
developers get started with Embedded Processors from Texas Instruments and to foster
innovation and growth of general knowledge about the hardware and software surrounding
these devices.
This section provides the absolute maximum ratings and the recommended operating conditions for the
TMS320F281x and TMS320C281x DSPs.
6.1Absolute Maximum Ratings
Supply voltage range (V
Supply voltage range (VDD, V
Input voltage range, V
Output voltage range, V
Input clamp current, IIK(VIN< 0 or VIN> V
Output clamp current, IOK(VO< 0 or VO> V
Operating ambient temperature ranges, T
Junction temperature range, T
Storage temperature range, T
(1) Unless otherwise noted, the list of absolute maximum ratings are specified over operating temperature ranges. Stresses beyond those
listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under Section 6.2, Recommended Operating Conditions,
is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. All voltage values are
with respect to VSS.
(2) Continuous clamp current per pin is ±2 mA
(3) Long-term high-temperature storage and/or extended use at maximum temperature conditions may result in a reduction of overall device
life. For additional information, see the IC Package Thermal Metrics Application Report (literature number SPRA953) and the Reliability
Data for TMS320LF24xx and TMS320F28xx Devices Application Report (literature number SPRA963).
IN
DDIO
O
, V
, V
DD3VFL
)–0.5 V to 2.5 V
DD1
J
(3)
stg
(1)
, V
, V
DDA1
DDA2
(2)
)
DDIO
)±20 mA
DDIO
A
, and AVDDREFBG)–0.3 V to 4.6 V
DDAIO
A version (GHH, ZHH, PGF, PBK)
S version (GHH, ZHH, PGF, PBK)
Q version (PGF, PBK)
(3)
(3)
(3)
–0.3 V to 4.6 V
–0.3 V to 4.6 V
±20 mA
–40°C to 85°C
–40°C to 125°C
–40°C to 125°C
–40°C to 150°C
–65°C to 150°C
6.3Electrical Characteristics Over Recommended Operating Conditions
(Unless Otherwise Noted)
PARAMETERTEST CONDITIONSMINTYPMAXUNIT
V
V
I
IL
I
IL
I
IH
I
OZ
C
C
(1) Applicable to C281x devices
(2) Applicable to F281x devices
(3) The following pins have no internal PU/PD: GPIOE0, GPIOE1, GPIOF0, GPIOF1, GPIOF2, GPIOF3, GPIOF12, GPIOG4, and GPIOG5.
(4) The following pins have an internal pulldown: XMP/MC, TESTSEL, and TRST.
High-level output voltageIOH= IOHMAX2.4V
OH
IOH= 50 µAV
Low-level output voltageIOL= IOLMAX0.4V
OL
(1)
Input currentWith pullupV
(low level)
(2)
Input currentWith pullupV
With pulldownV
(low level)VIN= 0 VXRS) except EVB
= 3.3 V, VIN= 0 V–80–140–190µA
DDIO
= 3.3 V, VIN= 0 V±2
DDIO
= 3.3 V,All I/Os
DDIO
(3)
(including–80–140–190µA
DDIO
– 0.2
GPIOB/EVB–13–25–35
With pulldownV
Input currentWith pullupV
(high level)
With pulldown
(4)
Leakage current (for pins without internalVO= V
PU/PD), high-impedance state (off-state)
Table 6-1. TMS320F281x Current Consumption by Power-Supply Pins Over Recommended Operating
Conditions During Low-Power Modes at 150-MHz SYSCLKOUT
MODETEST CONDITIONS
I
DD
TYPMAX
(3)
TYPMAX
I
DDIO
(1)
(3)
I
DD3VFL
TYPMAX
(3)
TYPMAX
All peripheral clocks are enabled. All
PWM pins are toggled at 100 kHz.
Operationalthe SCIA, SCIB, and CAN ports. The195 mA
Data is continuously transmitted out of
(4)
230 mA15 mA30 mA40 mA45 mA40 mA50 mA
hardware multiplier is exercised. Code
is running out of flash with
5 wait-states.
•Flash is powered down
IDLE125 mA150 mA5 mA10 mA2 µA4 µA1 µA20 µA
•XCLKOUT is turned off
•All peripheral clocks are on,
except ADC
•Flash is powered down
STANDBY5 mA10 mA5 µA20 µA2 µA4 µA1 µA20 µA
•Peripheral clocks are turned off
•Pins without an internal PU/PD are
tied high/low
•Flash is powered down
•Peripheral clocks are turned off
HALT70 µA5 µA20 µA2 µA4 µA1 µA20 µA
•Pins without an internal PU/PD are
tied high/low
•Input clock is disabled
(1) I
(2) I
(3) MAX numbers are at 125°C, and MAX voltage (VDD= 1.89 V; V
(4) IDDrepresents the total current drawn from the 1.8-V rail (VDD). It includes a small amount of current (<1 mA) drawn by V
current is dependent on the electrical loading on the I/O pins.
DDIO
includes current into V
DDA
DDA1
, V
, AVDDREFBG, and V
DDA2
DDAIO
DDIO
pins.
, V
DD3VFL
, V
DDA
= 3.47 V).
DD1
I
DDA
.
(2)
(3)
NOTE
HALT and STANDBY modes cannot be used when the PLL is disabled.
Table 6-2. TMS320C281x Current Consumption by Power-Supply Pins Over Recommended Operating
Conditions During Low-Power Modes at 150-MHz SYSCLKOUT
MODETEST CONDITIONS
I
DD
TYPMAX
(3)
TYPMAX
I
DDIO
(1)
(3)
TYPMAX
All peripheral clocks are enabled. All PWM
pins are toggled at 100 kHz.
Operational210 mA
Data is continuously transmitted out of the
SCIA, SCIB, and CAN ports. The hardware
(4)
260 mA20 mA30 mA40 mA50 mA
multiplier is exercised. Code is running out of
ROM with 5 wait-states.
IDLE140 mA165 mA20 mA30 mA5 µA10 µA
•XCLKOUT is turned off
•All peripheral clocks are on, except ADC
•Peripheral clocks are turned off
STANDBY5 mA10 mA5 µA20 µA5 µA10 µA
•Pins without an internal PU/PD are tied
high/low
•Peripheral clocks are turned off
HALT70 µA5 µA10 µA1 µA
•Pins without an internal PU/PD are tied
high/low
•Input clock is disabled
(1) I
(2) I
(3) MAX numbers are at 125°C, and MAX voltage (VDD= 1.89 V; V
(4) IDDrepresents the total current drawn from the 1.8-V rail (VDD). It includes a small amount of current (<1 mA) drawn by V
current is dependent on the electrical loading on the I/O pins.
A.Test conditions are as defined in Table 6-1 for operational currents.
B.IDDrepresents the total current drawn from the 1.8-V rail (VDD). It includes a small amount of current (<1 mA) drawn
by V
.
C. I
D. Total 3.3-V current is the sum of I
DD1
represents the current drawn by V
DDA
by V
DDAIO
.
DDIO
DDA1
, I
and V
DD3VFL
DDA2
, and I
rails.
. It includes a small amount of current (<1 mA) drawn
DDA
Figure 6-1. F2812/F2811/F2810 Typical Current Consumption Over Frequency
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Figure 6-2. F2812/F2811/F2810 Typical Power Consumption Over Frequency
A.Test conditions are as defined in Table 6-2 for operational currents.
B.IDDrepresents the total current drawn from the 1.8-V rail (VDD). It includes a small amount of current (<1 mA) drawn
by V
.
C. I
D. Total 3.3-V current is the sum of I
DD1
represents the current drawn by V
DDA
DDIO
DDA1
and I
and V
DDA
rails.
DDA2
. It includes a small amount of current (<1 mA) drawn by V
Figure 6-3. C2812/C2811/C2810 Typical Current Consumption Over Frequency
DDAIO
.
Figure 6-4. C2812/C2811/C2810 Typical Power Consumption Over Frequency
28x DSPs incorporate a unique method to reduce the device current consumption. A reduction in current
consumption can be achieved by turning off the clock to any peripheral module which is not used in a
given application. Table 6-3 indicates the typical reduction in current consumption achieved by turning off
the clocks to various peripherals.
Table 6-3. Typical Current Consumption by Various Peripherals (at 150 MHz)
PERIPHERAL MODULEIDDCURRENT REDUCTION (mA)
eCAN12
EVA6
EVB6
ADC8
SCI4
SPI5
McBSP13
(1) All peripheral clocks are disabled upon reset. Writing to/reading from peripheral registers is possible
only after the peripheral clocks are turned on.
(2) This number represents the current drawn by the digital portion of the ADC module. Turning off the
clock to the ADC module results in the elimination of the current drawn by the analog portion of the
ADC (I
DDA
) as well.
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(1)
(2)
6.7Emulator Connection Without Signal Buffering for the DSP
Figure 6-5 shows the connection between the DSP and JTAG header for a single-processor configuration.
If the distance between the JTAG header and the DSP is greater than 6 inches, the emulation signals
must be buffered. If the distance is less than 6 inches, buffering is typically not needed. Figure 6-5 shows
the simpler, no-buffering situation. For the pullup/pulldown resistor values, see the pin description section.
Figure 6-5. Emulator Connection Without Signal Buffering for the DSP
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TMS320F2810, TMS320F2811, TMS320F2812
TMS320C2810, TMS320C2811, TMS320C2812
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6.8Power Sequencing Requirements
TMS320F2812/F2811/F2810 silicon requires dual voltages (1.8-V or 1.9-V and 3.3-V) to power up the
CPU, Flash, ROM, ADC, and the I/Os. To ensure the correct reset state for all modules during power up,
there are some requirements to be met while powering up/powering down the device. The current F2812
silicon reference schematics (Spectrum Digital Incorporated eZdsp board) suggests two options for the
power sequencing circuit.
Power sequencing is not needed for C281x devices. In other words, 3.3-V and 1.8-V (or 1.9-V) can ramp
together. C281x can also be used on boards that have F281x power sequencing implemented; however, if
the 1.8-V (or 1.9-V) rail lags the 3.3-V rail, the GPIO pins are undefined until the 1.8-V rail reaches at least
1 V.
•Option 1:
In this approach, an external power sequencing circuit enables V
(1.8 V or 1.9 V). After 1.8 V (or 1.9 V) ramps, the 3.3 V for Flash (V
(V
DDA1/VDDA2
requirement. Option 2 is the recommended approach.
•Option 2:
Enable power to all 3.3-V supply pins (V
ramp 1.8 V (or 1.9 V) (VDD/V
1.8 V or 1.9 V (VDD/V
signal from the I/O pin has propagated through the I/O buffer to provide power-on reset to all the
modules inside the device. See Figure 6-11 for power-on reset timing.
•Power-Down Sequencing:
During power-down, the device reset should be asserted low (8 µs, minimum) before the VDDsupply
reaches 1.5 V. This will help to keep on-chip flash logic in reset prior to the V
ramping down. It is recommended that the device reset control from “Low-Dropout (LDO)” regulators or
voltage supervisors be used to meet this constraint. LDO regulators that facilitate power-sequencing
(with the aid of additional external components) may be used to meet the power sequencing
requirement. See www.spectrumdigital.com for F2812 eZdsp™ schematics and updates.
/AVDDREFBG) modules are ramped up. While option 1 is still valid, TI has simplified the
C. 1.8-V (or 1.9-V) supply should ramp after the 3.3-V supply reaches at least 2.5 V.
D. Reset (XRS) should remain low until supplies and clocks are stable. See Figure 6-11, Power-on Reset in
Microcomputer Mode (XMP/MC = 0), for minimum requirements.
E.Voltage supervisor or LDO reset control will trip reset (XRS) first when the 3.3-V supply is off regulation. Typically, this
occurs a few milliseconds before the 1.8-V (or 1.9-V) supply reaches 1.5 V.
F.Keeping reset low (XRS) at least 8 µs prior to the 1.8-V (or 1.9-V) supply reaching 1.5 V will keep the flash module in
complete reset before the supplies ramp down.
G. Since the state of GPIO pins is undefined until the 1.8-V (or 1.9-V) supply reaches at least 1 V, this supply should be
ramped as quickly as possible (after the 3.3-V supply reaches at least 2.5 V).
H. Other than the power supply pins, no pin should be driven before the 3.3-V rail has been fully powered up.
Note that some of the signals use different reference voltages, see the recommended operating conditions
table. Output levels are driven to a minimum logic-high level of 2.4 V and to a maximum logic-low level of
0.4 V.
Figure 6-7 shows output levels.
Output transition times are specified as follows:
•For a high-to-low transition, the level at which the output is said to be no longer high is below V
and the level at which the output is said to be low is V
•For a low-to-high transition, the level at which the output is said to be no longer low is above V
and the level at which the output is said to be high is V
Figure 6-8 shows the input levels.
Figure 6-7. Output Levels
OL(MAX)
OH(MIN)
SPRS174S–APRIL 2001–REVISED MARCH 2011
OH(MIN)
and lower.
OL(MAX)
and higher.
Figure 6-8. Input Levels
Input transition times are specified as follows:
•For a high-to-low transition on an input signal, the level at which the input is said to be no longer high
is below V
and the level at which the input is said to be low is V
IH(MIN)
IL(MAX)
and lower.
•For a low-to-high transition on an input signal, the level at which the input is said to be no longer low is
above V
and the level at which the input is said to be high is V
IL(MAX)
IH(MIN)
and higher.
NOTE
See the individual timing diagrams for levels used for testing timing parameters.
Timing parameter symbols used are created in accordance with JEDEC Standard 100. To shorten the
symbols, some of the pin names and other related terminology have been abbreviated as follows:
Lowercase subscripts and their meanings:Letters and symbols and their meanings:
aaccess timeHHigh
ccycle time (period)LLow
ddelay timeVValid
ffall timeXUnknown, changing, or don't care level
hhold timeZHigh impedance
rrise time
susetup time
ttransition time
vvalid time
wpulse duration (width)
6.11 General Notes on Timing Parameters
All output signals from the 28x devices (including XCLKOUT) are derived from an internal clock such that
all output transitions for a given half-cycle occur with a minimum of skewing relative to each other.
The signal combinations shown in the following timing diagrams may not necessarily represent actual
cycles. For actual cycle examples, see the appropriate cycle description section of this document.
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6.12 Test Load Circuit
This test load circuit is used to measure all switching characteristics provided in this document.
A.The data sheet provides timing at the device pin. For output timing analysis, the tester pin electronics and its
transmission line effects must be taken into account. A transmission line with a delay of 2 ns or longer can be used to
produce the desired transmission line effect. The transmission line is intended as a load only. It is not necessary to
add or subtract the transmission line delay (2 ns or longer) from the data sheet timing.
Input requirements in this data sheet are tested with an input slew rate of < 4 Volts per nanosecond (4 V/ns) at the
device pin.