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Installation - Quick Reference Guide
Off-Grid Systems
Off-Grid Systems with SUNNY ISLAND 3.0M / 4.4M / 6.0H / 8.0H
Off-Grid-IS-en-30 | Version 3.0 |
ENGLISH |
Legal Provisions |
SMA Solar Technology AG |
Legal Provisions
The information contained in this document is the property of SMA Solar Technology AG. Publishing its content, either partially or in full, requires the written permission of SMA Solar Technology AG. Any internal company copying of the document for the purposes of evaluating the product or its correct implementation is allowed and does not require permission.
SMA Warranty
You can download the current warranty conditions from the Internet at www.SMA-Solar.com.
Trademarks
All trademarks are recognized, even if not explicitly identified as such. A lack of identification does not mean that a product or symbol is not trademarked.
The BLUETOOTH® word mark and logos are registered trademarks owned by Bluetooth SIG, Inc. and any use of these marks by SMA Solar Technology AG is under license.
Modbus® is a registered trademark of Schneider Electric and is licensed by the Modbus Organization, Inc. QR Code is a registered trademark of DENSO WAVE INCORPORATED.
Phillips® and Pozidriv® are registered trademarks of Phillips Screw Company. Torx® is a registered trademark of Acument Global Technologies, Inc.
SMA Solar Technology AG
Sonnenallee 1
34266 Niestetal Germany
Tel. +49 561 9522-0
Fax +49 561 9522-100 www.SMA.de
E-mail: info@SMA.de
© 2004 to 2014 SMA Solar Technology AG. All rights reserved.
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Table of Contents
1 Information on this Document. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.1 Validity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.2 Content and Structure of this Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.3 Target Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.4 Additional Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.5 Symbols for Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.6 Typographies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.7 Nomenclature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2 Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.1 Intended Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.2 Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3 Information on Off-Grid Systems and System Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
3.1 Off-Grid System Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 3.2 Modular Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.2.1 Single System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 3.2.2 Single-Cluster System (Single-Phase). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 3.2.3 Single-Cluster System (Three-Phase) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 3.2.4 Multicluster System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
3.3 Information on Off-Grid Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 3.4 Optional Devices and Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4 Single System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
4.1 Circuitry Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 4.2 Connecting the Sunny Island . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 4.3 Connecting RS485 to the Sunny WebBox. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 4.4 Basic Configuration of the Sunny Island Inverter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
5 Single-Cluster System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
5.1 Circuitry Overview Single-Phase Single-Cluster System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 5.2 Circuitry Overview Three-Phase Single-Cluster System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 5.3 Connecting the Sunny Island inverter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
5.3.1 Connecting the Master . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 5.3.2 Connecting the Slaves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
5.4 Connecting RS485 to the Sunny WebBox. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 5.5 Basic Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
6 Multicluster System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
6.1 Circuitry Overview and Connection of the Sunny Island Inverters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 6.2 Basic Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
7 Commissioning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
7.1 Switching to Installer Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 7.2 Commissioning the Multifunction Relays. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 7.3 Starting the System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 7.4 Testing the Battery Current Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 7.5 Testing the Generator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
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7.6 Testing the Load Shedding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
7.7 Commissioning the Sunny WebBox. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
7.8 Commissioning the PV System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
7.9 Completing Commissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
8 Contact. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
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1 Information on this Document |
1 Information on this Document
1.1 Validity
This document is valid for off-grid systems with the following Sunny Island inverter device types:
•SI3.0M-11 (Sunny Island 3.0M) from firmware version 3.2
•SI4.4M-11 (Sunny Island 4.4M) from firmware version 3.2
•SI6.0H-11 (Sunny Island 6.0H) from firmware version 3.1
•SI8.0H-11 (Sunny Island 8.0H) from firmware version 3.1
1.2 Content and Structure of this Document
This document summarizes the specific information on off-grid systems with Sunny Island inverters. Circuitry overviews of selected off-grid systems provide the basis as to how an off-grid system can be designed. The structure of the document specifies the chronological sequence for configuration and commissioning. This document does not replace the documentation oftheindividualproducts.Youwillfinddetailsandhelpintheeventofdifficultiesinthedocumentationof the respective product.
1.3 Target Group
The tasks described in this document must only be performed by qualified persons. Qualified persons must have the following skills:
•Traininginhowtodealwiththedangersandrisksassociatedwithinstallingandusingelectricaldevicesandbatteries
•Training in the installation and commissioning of electrical devices
•Knowledge of and adherence to the local standards and directives
•Knowledge of and compliance with this document and all safety precautions
1.4 Additional Information
Links to additional information can be found at www.SMA-Solar.com:
Document title |
Document type |
Sunny Island System Guide |
Brochure |
Off-Grid Systems |
Planning guidelines |
PV Inverters in Off-Grid Systems |
Technical information |
Sunny Island "Generator - Whitepaper" |
Technical file |
External Energy Sources |
Technical information |
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1.5 Symbols for Information
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Symbol |
Explanation |
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Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury |
'$1*(5 |
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Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, can result in death or serious injury |
:$51,1* |
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Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, can result in minor or moderate injury |
&$87,21 |
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Indicates a situation which, if not avoided, can result in property damage |
/05*$& |
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Information that is important for a specific topic or goal, but is not safety-relevant |
Indicates a requirement for meeting a specific goal
Desired result
A problem that might occur
1.6 Typographies
Typography |
Use |
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bold |
• |
Display messages |
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• |
Parameters |
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• |
Terminals |
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• |
Slots |
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• |
Elements to be selected |
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Elements to be entered |
Example
•Connect the grounding conductor to
AC 2Gen/Grid.
•Select the parameter 235.01 GnAutoEna and set to Off.
> |
• |
Several elements that are to be |
• |
Select 600# Direct Access > Select |
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selected |
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Number. |
[Button/Key] |
• |
Button/key on the inverter to be |
• |
Press [ENTER]. |
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selected or pressed |
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1.7 Nomenclature
Complete designation |
Designation in this document |
Sunny Boy, Sunny Mini Central, Sunny Tripower |
PV inverter |
Battery charge controllers not supplied by |
Charge controllers from a third-party supplier |
SMA Solar Technology AG |
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AC voltage source that can form a stand-alone grid |
Generator |
(e.g., diesel generator) |
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The term parameter includes parameters with configurable values as well as parameters for displaying values.
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2 Safety
2.1 Intended Use
Off-grid systems with Sunny Island inverters are self-sufficient utility grids that are being fed with energy from several AC sourcesinthestand-alonegrid(e.g.,PVinverter),fromagenerator,and/orwithDCchargecontrollers(e.g.,SunnyIsland Charger). The Sunny Island forms the stand-alone grid as a voltage source. The Sunny Island regulates the balance betweentheenergyfed-inandenergyusedandhasamanagementsystemwithbatteryandgeneratormanagementand load control.
The Sunny Island can synchronize with a generator and connect directly, if necessary. When the stand-alone grid is connected to the generator, the voltage in the stand-alone grid is regulated by the generator.
Off-grid systems with Sunny Island inverters are single-phase or three-phase AC distribution grids. The local standards and provisions must be observed. Loads in off-grid systems are not protected against power failure. An off-grid system is not suitable for supplying life-sustaining medical devices.
Multiple Sunny Island inverters can be operated in an off-grid system. Three Sunny Island inverters are connected in parallel on the DC side and form a cluster. A cluster can consist of the following device types:
Device type |
Potential device types within a cluster |
Explanation |
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SI3.0M-11 |
SI3.0M-11 |
A cluster must consist of the same device types. |
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SI4.4M-11 |
SI4.4M-11 |
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SI6.0H-11 |
SI6.0H-11 or SI8.0H-11 |
A cluster can consist of different device types. |
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If the device types within the cluster are different, |
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SI8.0H-11 |
SI6.0H-11 or SI8.0H-11 |
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the master must be device type SI8.0H-11. |
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ThecircuitryoftheSunnyIslandinvertersformingaclusterandthecircuitryofseveralclustersinasystemmustbecarried out in accordance with this documentation (see Section 3 "Information on Off-Grid Systems and System Description", page 11).
TheoutputpoweroftheACsourcesinthestand-alonegridiscontrolledviathefrequencyandvoltageofthestand-alone grid.TheACsourcesmustbesuitableforstand-alonemodewithSunnyIsland(seeTechnicalInformation"PVInvertersin Off-GridSystems"atwww.SMA-Solar.com).ThemaximumoutputpoweroftheACsourcesinastand-alonegridmustbe observed (see the Sunny Island inverter installation manual).
The Sunny Island uses lead-acid batteries or lithium-ion batteries for energy storage in off-grid systems. Ensure that the battery room is sufficiently ventilated when using lead-acid batteries (see battery manufacturer's documentation). If a lithium-ionbatteryisconnected,itsbatterymanagementmustbecompatiblewiththeSunnyIsland.Thelithium-ionbattery must be able to supply enough current at maximum output power of the Sunny Island inverter (for technical data see the Sunny Island inverter installation manual). The individual products in the off-grid system must be used for their intended purpose(seedocumentationofeachproduct).AnyuseofthesystemotherthanthatdescribedintheIntendedUsesection does not qualify as appropriate.
DCloads,uptofourSunny Island Chargerchargecontrollers percluster,orchargecontrollersfromthird-partysuppliers can only be connected in off-grid systems with lead-acid batteries. The battery management must record the DC current during batterycharging andelectric discharge. Ifcharge controllersfrom a third-party supplierorDC loads are installed in an off-grid system, an additional battery current sensor must be installed. The Sunny Island is not suitable for establishing a DC distribution grid.
The enclosed documentationis anintegral part ofthe products. Keep the documentation ina convenientplace forfuture reference and observe all instructions contained therein.
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2.2 Safety Precautions
Thissectioncontainssafetyprecautionsthatmustbeobservedatalltimeswhenworkingonorwiththesystem.Toprevent personalinjuryorpropertydamageandtoensurelong-termoperationofthesystem,readthissectioncarefullyandfollow all safety precautions at all times.
:$51,1*
Danger to life due to incompatible lithium-ion battery
An incompatible lithium-ion battery can lead to a fire or an explosion. With incompatible lithium-ion batteries, it is not ensured that the battery management is intrinsically safe and will protect the battery.
•Ensure that the battery complies with the locally applicable standards and directives and is intrinsically safe.
•Ensure that the lithium-ion batteries are approved for use with the Sunny Island.
The list of lithium-ion batteries approved for the Sunny Island is updated constantly (see Technical Information "List of approved lithium-ion batteries" at www.SMA-Solar.com).
•If no lithium-ion batteries approved for Sunny Island can be used, you should use lead-acid batteries.
Danger to life due to explosive gases
Explosive gases may escape from the battery and cause an explosion. This can result in death or serious injury.
•Protect the battery environment from open flames, embers, or sparks.
•Install, operate, and maintain the battery in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications.
•Do not heat the battery above the temperature permitted or burn the battery.
•Ensure that the battery room is sufficiently ventilated.
Danger to life from electric shock due to circuit breakers that cannot be tripped
In the off-grid system,only the circuit breakers that can be trippedbythe Sunny Island can be tripped.Circuit breakers with ahigher operating currentcannotbe tripped. Under fault conditions,there may be a voltagethat poses a danger to life present on accessible parts for several seconds. This can result in death or serious injury.
•Check if a circuit breaker has a higher trip characteristic than the following circuit breakers which can be tripped:
–SI3.0M-11 and SI4.4M-11: circuit breaker with trip characteristic B6 (B6A)
–SI6.0H-11 and SI8.0H-11: circuit breaker with trip characteristic B16 (B16A) or circuit breaker with trip characteristic C6 (C6A)
If a circuit breaker has a higher trip characteristic than the specified circuit breaker which can be tripped, you should also install a residual-current device of type A.
Danger to life from electric shock due to damaged devices
Operatingadamageddevicecanleadtohazardoussituationsthatcanresultindeathorseriousinjuriesduetoelectric shock.
•Only use the off-grid system when it is technically faultless and in an operationally safe state.
•Regularly check the off-grid system for visible damage.
•Ensure that all safety equipment is freely accessible at all times.
•Make sure that all safety equipment is in good working order.
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:$51,1*
Danger to life from electric shock due to live voltage
High voltages are present in the off-grid system. When covers (e.g., an enclosure lid) are removed, live components can be touched, which can result in death or serious injury due to electric shock.
•When carrying out any work on the electrical installation, wear suitable personal protective equipment.
•Turn off or disconnect the following devices from voltage sources in the given order:
–Loads
–Generator
–Sunny Island
–In the distribution board, the circuit breakers of the Sunny Island inverter and of the generator
–Load-break switch of the battery
•Ensure that the off-grid system cannot be reconnected.
•Open the enclosure lid on the Sunny Island inverter and ensure that no voltage is present in the device.
•Ground and short-circuit the AC conductors outside the Sunny Island inverter.
•Cover or isolate any adjacent live components.
Chemical burns and poisoning due to battery electrolyte
If handled inappropriately, battery electrolyte can cause irritation to the eyes, respiratory system, and skin and it can be toxic. This may result in blindness and serious chemical burns.
•Protect the battery enclosure against destruction.
•Do not open or deform the battery.
•Whenever working on the battery, wear suitable personal protective equipment such as rubber gloves, apron, rubber boots, and goggles.
•In the case of acid splashing into eyes or on skin, rinse thoroughly with clear water and consult a doctor.
•If acid fumes have been inhaled, consult a doctor.
•Install, operate, maintain, and dispose of the battery according to the manufacturer's specifications.
Risk of injury due to short-circuit currents
Short-circuit currents in the battery can cause heat build-up and electric arcs. Burns or eye injuries due to flashes may result.
•Remove watches, rings, and other metal objects.
•Use insulated tools.
•Do not place tools or metal parts on the battery.
Risk of crushing injuries due to movable generator parts
Moving parts in the generator can crush or sever body parts. A generator can be started automatically by the Sunny Island.
•Only operate the generator with the safety equipment.
•Install, maintain, and operate the generator according to the manufacturer's specifications.
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&$87,21
Risk of burns due to short-circuit currents on the disconnected Sunny Island
ThecapacitorsattheDCconnectioninputareastoreenergy.AfterthebatteryisisolatedfromtheSunnyIsland,battery voltage is still temporarily present at the DC terminal. A short circuit at the DC terminal can lead to burns and may damage the Sunny Island.
•Wait 15 minutes before performing any work at the terminal or on the DC cables. This allows the capacitors to discharge.
/05*$&
Damage to the battery due to incorrect settings
Incorrect settings can lead to premature aging of the battery. Settings of the parameters in the menu 220# Battery influence the charging behavior of the Sunny Island inverter.
•Ensure that the values recommended by the battery manufacturer are set for the battery (for the battery technical data, see the documentation of the battery manufacturer).
Destruction of devices due to electrostatic discharge (ESD)
If enclosure parts are removed, the devices (e.g., Sunny Island or PV inverter) can be damaged or destroyed if electronic components or terminals are touched.
•Do not touch any electronic components in open devices.
•Ground yourself before touching any terminals.
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3 Information on Off-Grid Systems and System Description |
3 Information on Off-Grid Systems and System Description
3.1 Off-Grid System Functions
Off-grid systems with Sunny Island inverters are self-sufficient utility grids that are being fed with energy from several AC sources in the stand-alone grid (e.g., PV inverter), from an external AC voltage source (e.g., diesel generator), and/or withDCchargecontrollers(e.g.,SunnyIslandCharger).TheSunny Islandformsthestand-alonegridasavoltagesource and provides active and reactive power. The Sunny Island regulates the balance between the energy fed-in and energy used and has a management system with battery and generator management and load control.
In order to be able to distribute the output power of the off-grid system to the loads, several Sunny Island inverters can be connected modularly in an off-grid system.
Battery Management
Battery management of the Sunny Islandinverter is based on precise determination of the state of charge. By combining the three most common methods for recording the state of charge, the Sunny Island reaches a measuring accuracy of more than 95%. This way, overcharge and deep discharge of the battery are avoided.
A further feature of battery management is the extremely gentle charging control. It automatically selects the optimum charging strategy for the battery type and the situation in which it is used. This means that overcharging can be reliably prevented andthat the batterycanbe fully charged regularly. Theavailable charge energy is used optimally atall times (see Technical Information "Battery Management" at www.SMA-Solar.com).
Generator Management
The Sunny Island inverter generator management allows for uninterruptible connection of the stand-alone grid to the generator and uninterruptibleisolationfromthe generator. The generatormanagement controls thegenerator via astart and stop signal. A generator current control ensures that the generator always remains at the optimum operating point. Thegeneratormanagementallowstheuseofgeneratorsthathavealowoutputpowerinproportiontothenominalload (see Technical Document "Sunny Island - Generator Whitepaper" at www.SMA-Solar.com)
Load Control
The load control enables control of the AC sources in stand-alone grids, control of a generator, and the specific disconnection of loads.
The AC sources in the stand-alone grid are limited in their power output by the stand-alone grid frequency. In case of excess energy, the load control increases the power frequency. This limits the output power of the PV inverters, for example.
If there is not enough energy available for all loads or the battery is to be preserved, load control can request energy from a generator by means of the generator management. The generator management starts the generator and the off-grid system is supplied with sufficient energy.
If there is no generator present in the off-grid system or the energy is not sufficient despite the generator being available, load control turns the loads off using load shedding. All loads are shed simultaneously with one-stage load shedding. Aloadsheddingcontactorsheds thenoncriticalloads duringthefirststagewithtwo-stageloadshedding.Theremaining loads are shed during the second stage only when the state of charge declines further. This can further increase the availability of the off-grid system for critical loads.
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3.2 Modular Design
3.2.1Single System
Figure 1: Block circuit diagram
In a single system, one Sunny Island forms a single-phase stand-alone grid.
3.2.2Single-Cluster System (Single-Phase)
Required device types for single-phase single-cluster systems
In single-phase single-cluster systems, the Sunny Island inverters must be device type SI6.0H-11 or SI8.0H-11.
Figure 2: Block circuit diagram
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In a single-phase single-cluster system, up to three Sunny Island inverters are connected to one battery forming a cluster. The Sunny Island inverters areconnected on the AC side to the same lineconductor. If the device types within the cluster are different, the master must be an SI8.0H-11.
3.2.3Single-Cluster System (Three-Phase)
Figure 3: Block circuit diagram
In a three-phase single-cluster system, three Sunny Island inverters are connected to one battery forming a cluster. The Sunny Island inverters are connected on the AC side to three different line conductors. A cluster that consists of different device types is only supported by SI6.0H-11 and SI8.0H-11. If the device types within the cluster are different, the master must be an SI8.0H-11 (see Section 3.3 "Information on Off-Grid Systems", page 14).
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3.2.4Multicluster System
Required device types for multicluster systems
In multicluster systems, the Sunny Island inverters must be device type SI6.0H-11 or SI8.0H-11.
Figure 4: Block circuit diagram
Multiclustersystemsconsistofseveralthree-phaseclusters.TheindividualclustersmustbeconnectedtoaMulticlusterBox. The Multicluster Box is the AC main distribution board in a multicluster system. If the device types within the cluster are different, the master must be an SI8.0H-11.
3.3 Information on Off-Grid Systems
Information on batteries
Lithium-ion batteries in off-grid systems
Inordertomeettherequirementsofoff-gridsystems,theSunnyIslandhasahighoverloadcapacity.Theprerequisite forthisoverloadcapacityisthatthebatteryisabletosupplysufficientcurrent.Withlithium-ionbatteries,thisampacity cannot be taken for granted.
•Check with the battery manufacturer whether the battery is suitable for off-grid systems with Sunny Island inverters. Pay special attention to the ampacity.
Recommendations for battery capacity
SMA Solar Technology AG recommends the following minimum battery capacities.
•Minimum battery capacity per Sunny Island inverter:
–SI3.0M-11: 100 Ah
–SI4.4M-11: 150 Ah
–SI6.0H-11: 190 Ah
–SI8.0H-11: 250 Ah
•Minimum battery capacity per 1,000 Wp power of the PV system: 100 Ah
The sum of the individual battery capacities is the total minimum battery capacity and applies to a ten-hour electric discharge (C10). The minimum battery capacity must be observed to ensure stable operation of the system.
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Information on clusters |
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Device types within a cluster |
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A cluster can consist of the following device types: |
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Device type |
Potential device types within a cluster |
Explanation |
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SI3.0M-11 |
SI3.0M-11 |
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A cluster must consist of the same device types. |
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SI4.4M-11 |
SI4.4M-11 |
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SI6.0H-11 |
SI6.0H-11 or SI8.0H-11 |
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A cluster can consist of different device types. |
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SI8.0H-11 |
SI6.0H-11 or SI8.0H-11 |
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If the device types within the cluster are different, |
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the master must be device type SI8.0H-11. |
Clusters in single-phase single-cluster systems
In single-phase single-cluster systems, the Sunny Island inverters must be device type SI6.0H-11 and SI8.0H-11. If the device types within the cluster are different, the master must be an SI8.0H-11.
Clusters in multicluster systems
In multicluster systems, the Sunny Island inverters must be device type SI6.0H-11 and SI8.0H-11. The clusters can consist of different Sunny Island device types. If the device types within the cluster are different, the master must be an SI8.0H-11.
Connecting the Sunny Island inverters in single-phase single-cluster systems
In a single-phase single cluster system, the following cable lengths and conductor cross-sections must be designed the same way:
•From the generator to each Sunny Island
•From each Sunny Island to the AC distribution board
•From the BatFuse to each Sunny Island
The same design is a requirement for stable and symmetrical operation of the off-grid system.
Maximum PV system power
In off-grid systems, the maximum PV system power depends on the total power of the Sunny Island inverters.
•Maximum output power of the PV system per SI3.0M-11: 4,600 W
•Maximum output power of the PV system per SI4.4M-11: 4,600 W
•Maximum output power of the PV system per SI6.0H-11: 9,200 W
•Maximum output power of the PV system per SI8.0H-11: 12,000 W
The maximum output power of the PV system must be observed to ensure stable operation of the off-grid system.
3.4 Optional Devices and Functions
Use of the following devices is optional in an off-grid system:
Device |
Description |
Load-shedding contactor |
Contactor controlled by the Sunny Island for isolation of loads |
Sunny WebBox |
Remote monitoring and system configuration of the off-grid system |
Sunny Island Charger 50 |
Charge controller for off-grid systems with lead-acid batteries |
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cluster. In multicluster systems, four Sunny Island Charger charge controllers can be |
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connectedtoeachcluster.Iflithium-ionbatteriesareused,nochargecontrollerscan |
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be connected. |
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