Scania DI16 XPI series Operator's Manual

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Marine engine

en-GB 2 587 322

Issue 2.0

DI16

Operator's manual

XPI

Important information

Serious risk of injury

When working on the engine, for example when adjusting drive belts and the clutch, or when changing the oil, it is important not to start the engine. The engine could be damaged, but more importantly there is a serious risk of injury.

For this reason, always secure the starting device or disconnect a battery cable before working on the engine. This is especially important if the engine has a remote starter or automatic starting.

WARNING!

This warning symbol and text can be found next to those maintenance items where it is particularly important to bear in mind the risk of injury.

OPM 360 en-GB 2

Start of warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Power classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Environment and safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Environmental responsibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Warnings and advisories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Engine data plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Component identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Starting and running . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Checks before first start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Checks before running . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Starting the engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Running. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Engine shutdown. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Checks after running . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Maintenance intervals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Lubrication system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Oil grade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Oil analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Checking oil level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Changing the oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Maximum angles of inclination during operation 26

Cleaning the centrifugal oil cleaner . . . . . . . 27

Operational testing of the centrifugal oil cleaner 31

Renewing the oil filter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Air cleaner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Reading the vacuum indicator. . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Renewing the filter element . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Renewing the safety cartridge. . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Renewing an air filter with a non-renewable ele-

ment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Cooling system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Checking coolant level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Checking coolant antifreeze and corrosion pro-

tection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Checking sacrificial anodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Checking the sea water pump impeller . . . . . 40

Changing the coolant and cleaning the cooling

system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Fuel system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Cleanliness requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Checking fuel level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Draining and renewing the water separating pre-

filter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Draining and renewing the single water separat-

ing prefilter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Draining the commutative water separating pre-

filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61

Renewing the commutative, water separating

prefilter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63

Renewing the fuel filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65

Bleeding the fuel system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66

Miscellaneous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68

Checking the drive belt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68

Checking for leaks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70

Checking and adjusting the valve clearance .71

Quality requirements for fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . .74

Diesel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74

Biodiesel (FAME) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76

Preparing the engine for storage . . . . . . . . . . .77

Preservative products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77

Preparations for storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78

Technical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80

General data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80

Lubrication system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80

Intake system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81

Cooling system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81

Fuel system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81

Electrical system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81

Material content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82

Scania Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83

Start of warranty

OPM 360 en-GB 3

Start of warranty

The more we know about you, your company and your equipment, the more effectively we can adapt our services to you. If you have started to use a new Scania engine, it is very important that you send in the warranty start report to us immediately. Quite simply, we need to register all the details on engine ownership etc., so we can monitor it for you.

You can report the start of the warranty on the Scania website: www.scania.com.

Note:

If you do not send in the warranty report, the engine is not covered by the accompanying Scania warranty.

Also fill in below the details you enter in the warranty report. These details can facilitate contact with a workshop, for example. The engine serial number is on the engine data plate and is also engraved on the cylinder block.

Country

Engine serial number (e.g. 1111111)

Fartygsidentifikationsnummer (for example MMSI 111111111 or IMO 1111111)

Start date (yyyy-mm-dd)

Company name

Contact person

Telephone number

E-mail address

Address

Postcode

Town/City

State/County

OPM 360 en-GB 4

Introduction

This Operator's manual describes the operation and maintenance of Scania marine engines.

The engines are direct-injection, liquid-cooled, four-stroke turbocharged diesel engines.

The engines are available with different output and engine speed settings. The engine power of the engine ordered is indicated on the engine data plate.

Note:

Only standard components are described in the operator's manual. Information about special equipment is contained in instructions from the various manufacturers.

To ensure the maximum performance and the longest service life for the engine remember the following:

• Read through the Operator's manual before starting to use the engine. Even regular users of Scania engines will get new information from the Operator's manual.

• Always follow the maintenance instructions.

• Read the section on safety carefully.

• Get to know your engine so that you know what it can do and how it works.

• Always contact an authorised Scania workshop for maintenance and repairs.

The information in this Operator's manual was correct at the time of going to press. Scania reserves the right to make alterations without prior notice.

Note:

Always use Scania spare parts for maintenance and repair.

Certification

IMPORTANT!

For Scania to guarantee that the engine corresponds to its certified configuration, and take responsibility for any damage and injuries that occur, maintenance must be carried out in accordance with the instructions in this Operator's manual.

An emissions certified engine fulfils the emissions requirements for a particular range of application.

On each emissions certified engine there is a label which shows which requirements the engine fulfils. Scania guarantees that each such engine fulfils the emissions requirements for the range of application for which it is certified.

The following are required for the certified engine to fulfil the emissions requirements once it has been taken into service:

• Maintenance is to be carried out in accordance with the instructions in this Operator's manual.

• Maintenance and repairs of injection equipment are to be carried out by an authorised Scania workshop.

• The engine may only be modified with equipment that has been approved by Scania.

• Seals may be broken and setting data edited only once approval has been granted by Scania. Modifications may be made by authorised personnel only.

• Modifications affecting the exhaust and intake systems must be approved by Scania.

Otherwise, the instructions in the Operator's manual for the running and maintenance of the engine shall apply. Follow the safety precautions on the following pages.

Power classes

OPM 360 en-GB 5

Power classes

Scania supplies engines in 3 different power classes:

IFN, Intermittent service: Intended for periodic use, where the rated power is available for one hour per three-hour period. The accumulated load factor must not exceed 80% of the rated power. Unlimited number of operational hours per year.

Patrol craft long: Intended for periodic use, where the rated power is available for one hour per six-hour period. In between periods of operation at full load, the engine speed must be reduced by at least 10% of the maximum engine speed attained. The accumulated operating time must not exceed 2,000 hours per year.

Patrol craft short: Intended for periodic use, where the rated power is available for one hour per 12-hour period. In between periods of operation at full load, the engine speed must be reduced by at least 10% of the maximum engine speed attained. The accumulated operating time must not exceed 1,200 hours per year.

The engine serial numbers and power classes for the engines that are used in this installation should be listed below: You can find the power class of your engine in the engine type data sheet on the Scania website, www.scania.com.

Engine serial number:

Engine type:

Engine power: kW at rpm

IFN, Intermittent service

Patrol craft long

Patrol craft short

OPM 360 en-GB 6

Environment and safety

Environmental responsibility

Scania develops and produces engines that are as environmentally-friendly as possible. Scania has made major investments in the reduction of harmful exhaust emissions in order to fulfil the environmental requirements in force in almost every market.

At the same time, we have been able to maintain a high level of performance and operating economy for Scania engines. To maintain these throughout the entire service life of the engine, it is important for the user to follow the instructions on running, maintenance and fuel and lubricating oil as outlined in the Operator's manual.

Other green initiatives taken include ensuring that, following maintenance and repair, waste that is harmful to the environment (for example oil, fuel, coolant, filters and batteries) is disposed of accordance with the applicable environmental requirements.

Safety

The following pages contain a summary of the safety precautions to be complied with when operating and maintaining Scania engines. The equivalent text can also be found under the relevant maintenance item.

To prevent damage to the engine and to ensure that it runs optimally, follow the instructions in the warnings and advisories.

If the instructions are not followed, the warranty can cease to apply.

Different types of advisory

Warning!

All advisories preceded by Warning! are very important. They warn of serious faults and incorrect operation that could lead to personal injury. Example:

WARNING!

Block the starting device when working on the engine. If the engine starts unexpectedly, there is a serious risk of injury.

Important!

Advisories preceded by Important! warn of faults and incorrect operation that could lead to equipment being damaged. Example:

IMPORTANT!

An excessive coolant temperature can cause engine damage.

Note:

Advisories preceded by Note: refer to information important to ensure the best possible operation and functionality. Example:

Note:

Leave the engine off for at least 7 minutes before you check the oil level.

OPM 360 en-GB 7

Environment and safety

Environment

This Operator’s Manual contains specially highlighted text with instructions to help protect the environment during maintenance. Example:

Environment

Use a suitable container. The fuel collected must be disposed of as specified in national and international laws and regulations.

Warnings and advisories

Smoking

WARNING!

Smoking is prohibited

• in the vicinity of flammable or explosive material, e.g. fuel, oils, batteries, chemicals

• when refuelling and in the vicinity of the filling station

• when working on the fuel system

Safety precautions for running the engine

Daily maintenance

Always carry out a visual inspection of the engine and engine compartment before starting the engine or when the engine has been switched off after operation.

This inspection should be done to detect fuel, oil or coolant leaks, or anything else that may require corrective action.

Fuel

WARNING!

The wrong fuel grade can cause breakdowns or stoppages by causing the injection system to malfunction. This can cause damage to the engine and, possibly, personal injury.

REQUIREMENT!

Use only fuel which fulfils the requirements in the Quality requirements for fuel section.

Refuelling

WARNING!

During refuelling there is a risk of fire and explosion. The engine must be switched off and smoking is prohibited.

Never overfill the tank as the fuel needs space to expand. Make sure that the filler cap is fully closed.

Hazardous gases

WARNING!

Only start the engine in a well-ventilated area. The exhaust gases contain carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides, which are toxic.

When the engine is run in an enclosed space, there must be an effective device to extract exhaust gases and crankcase gases.

OPM 360 en-GB 8

Environment and safety

Starter lock

IMPORTANT!

If the instrument panel is not fitted with a starter lock, the engine compartment should be locked to prevent unauthorised personnel from starting the engine. Alternatively, a lockable master switch or battery master switch can be used.

Starter gas

WARNING!

Never use starter gas or similar agents to help start the engine. This can cause an explosion in the intake manifold and possible injury.

Running

WARNING!

The engine must not be run in environments where there is a risk of explosion, as all of the electrical or mechanical components can generate sparks.

Approaching a running engine always poses a safety risk. Parts of the body, clothes or dropped tools can get caught in rotating parts such as the fan and cause injury. For personal safety all rotating parts and hot surfaces must be fitted with guards.

Safety precautions for handling materials

Fuel and lubricating oil

WARNING!

All fuels and lubricants as well as many chemicals are flammable. Always follow the instructions on the relevant packaging.

The work must be carried out on a cold engine. Fuel leaks and spillage on hot surfaces can cause fire.

Store used rags and other flammable materials safely so as to avoid spontaneous combustion.

Batteries

WARNING!

The batteries contain and form oxyhydrogen gas, particularly during charging. Oxyhydrogen gas is flammable and highly explosive.

There must be no smoking, naked flames or sparks near the batteries or the battery compartment. Incorrect connection of a battery cable or jump lead can cause a spark, which can cause the battery to explode.

OPM 360 en-GB 9

Environment and safety

Chemicals

WARNING!

Most chemicals such as glycol, anti-corrosive agents, preservative oils and degreasing agents, are hazardous to health. Some chemicals are also flammable: preservative oil, for example. Always follow the safety precautions on the packaging.

Store chemicals and other materials which are hazardous to health in approved and clearly marked containers, where they are inaccessible to unauthorised persons.

Environment

Excess and used chemicals must be disposed of as specified in national and international laws and regulations.

Safety precautions for maintenance

Switch off the engine

WARNING!

Working with a running engine always poses a safety risk. Parts of the body, clothes or dropped tools can get caught in rotating parts and cause injury.

Always switch off the engine before carrying out maintenance, unless otherwise indicated.

Make it impossible to start the engine: Remove any starter key, or cut the power using the main power switch or battery master switch and lock them.

Fix a warning plate somewhere appropriate, showing that work is being carried out on the engine.

Hot surfaces and fluids

WARNING!

There is always a risk of sustaining burns when an engine is hot. Particularly hot parts are engine manifolds, turbochargers, oil sumps, as well as hot coolant and oil in pipes and hoses.

OPM 360 en-GB 10

Environment and safety

Lubrication system

WARNING!

Hot oil can cause burns and skin irritation. Wear protective gloves and goggles when changing hot oil.

Make sure that there is no pressure in the lubrication system before starting work on it.

Make sure that the oil filler cover is fitted when starting and running in order to avoid oil escaping.

Environment

Used oil must be disposed of as specified in national and international laws and regulations.

Cooling system

WARNING!

Never open the coolant filler cap when the engine is hot. Hot coolant and steam may spray out and cause burns.

If the cap has to be opened do it slowly to release the pressure before removing the cap. Wear protective gloves as the coolant is still very hot.

Environment

Used coolant must be disposed of as specified in national and international laws and regulations.

Fuel system

WARNING!

Maintenance and repairs of injection equipment are to be carried out by an authorised Scania workshop.

Always use Scania spare parts for the fuel and electrical systems. Scania spare parts are designed to minimise the risk of fire and explosion.

Environment

Use a suitable container. The fuel collected must be disposed of as specified in national and international laws and regulations.

Electrical system

WARNING!

Switch off the engine and switch off the power by disconnecting the electrical cables to the battery. External power supplies to extra equipment on the engine must also be disconnected.

Always use Scania spare parts for the fuel and electrical systems. Scania spare parts are designed to minimise the risk of fire and explosion.

OPM 360 en-GB 11

Environment and safety

Electric welding

WARNING!

When carrying out welding work on and near the engine, disconnect the battery and alternator leads. Pull out the multi-pin connector for the engine control unit as well.

Connect the welding clamp close to the component to be welded. The welding clamp must not be connected to the engine, or so that the current can cross a bearing.

When welding is finished:

1. Connect the alternator and engine control

unit cables.

2. Connect the batteries.

Batteries

WARNING!

The batteries contain highly corrosive sulphuric acid. Take care to protect your eyes, skin and clothes when charging or handling batteries. Wear protective gloves and goggles.

If sulphuric acid comes in contact with the skin: Wash with soap and plenty of water. If it gets in your eyes: Rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical attention.

Environment

Used batteries must be disposed of as specified in national and international laws and regulations.

Before starting

WARNING!

Ensure that all guards are in place before starting the engine. Ensure that no tools or other objects have been left on the engine.

The air filter must be fitted before starting the engine. Otherwise there is a risk of objects being sucked into the compressor impeller or of injury if you come into contact with the air filter.

Engine data plate

OPM 360 en-GB 12

Engine data plate

The engine data plate indicates, in the form of a code, the engine type, its size and applications. It also indicates the engine power and the nominal engine speed. The engine EU type approval for exhaust emissions is indicated under Output.

The engine serial number is stamped onto the top of the cylinder block at the front right.

Example: DI16 076M

DI Supercharged diesel engine with water-

cooled charge air cooler.

16 Displacement in whole dm

076 Performance and certification code. The

code indicates, together with the application code, the normal gross engine output.

M Code for application. M means for

marine use.

Madeby

ype

Engine No

Output.

pm.

DI16 076M

Type approval No: e5*97/68VC*2012/46*0182*00

123456

809

2300

Output.

pm.

357 566

Example of an engine data plate.

Component identification

OPM 360 en-GB 13

Component identification

98 7

381 636

1817

381 637

Component identification

OPM 360 en-GB 14

Oil filler.

2. Air filter.

3. Sacrificial anodes (6).

4. Sea water pump.

5. Sea water intake.

6. Sea water outlet (1 on each side)

7. Valve for draining and filling coolant (1 on

each side behind the heat exchanger).

8. Oil plug.

9. Heat exchanger (1 on each side).

10. Fuel filter.

11. Hand pump for fuel.

12. Oil filter.

13. Expansion tank.

14. Level glass for checking coolant level.

15. Filling coolant.

16. Engine number, stamped into the cylinder

block.

17. Engine data plate.

18. Fuel manifold bleed nipple.

19. Bleed nipple on high pressure pump.

20. Charge air cooler.

21. Holes for draining condensation in charge air

cooler (2 off on the underside).

22. Oil dipstick.

23. Centrifugal oil cleaner.

Note:

The two water separating prefilters for the fuel are located between the fuel tank and engine.

OPM 360 en-GB 15

Starting and running

Checks before first start

Before the engine is started for the first time, carry out the maintenance items listed under First start in the maintenance schedule. Check the following (also see Maintenance intervals

• Oil level.

• Coolant.

• Fuel level.

• Fluid level in batteries.

• State of battery charge.

• Condition of the drive belt.

Checks before running

Carry out daily maintenance as described in the maintenance schedule prior to operation. See

Maintenance intervals

Starting the engine

WARNING!

Never use starter gas or similar agents to help start the engine. This can cause an explosion in the intake manifold and possible injury.

Only start the engine in a well ventilated area. When the engine is run in an enclosed space, there must be effective devices to extract exhaust gases and crankcase gases.

IMPORTANT!

The starter motor must only be cranked twice for 30 seconds at a time. After that, it must rest for at least 5 minutes before the next attempt to start it.

For environmental reasons the Scania engine has been developed to be started with a low fuel feed. Using unnecessarily large amounts of fuel when starting the engine always results in emissions of unburnt fuel.

1. Open the fuel cock if fitted.

2. Disengage the engine.

3. If the engine has a battery master switch:

Switch on the power by means of the battery master switch.

4. Start the engine.

If the fuel tank has been run dry or if the engine has not been used for a long time, bleed the fuel system. See the section Bleeding the fuel system

OPM 360 en-GB 16

Starting and running

Starting at low temperatures

Take the local environmental requirements into account. Use a fuel heater and engine heater to avoid starting problems and white smoke.

Scania recommends that an engine heater should be used if the engine will be used at temperatures below -10°C (14°F).

A low engine speed and a moderate load on a cold engine limits white smoke, gives better combustion and warms up the engine more quickly than warming it up with no load.

Avoid running it longer than necessary at idling speed.

Running

Check instruments and warning lamps at regular intervals.

Engine speed range

The engine operating speed range is between low idling and the nominal engine speed. The nominal engine speed is indicated on the engine data plate. Low idling can be set between 500 and 1,050 rpm.

Limp home mode

If there is a fault in the normal throttle opening or if CAN communication is interrupted, the following emergency operation option is provided:

A CAN fault or throttle opening fault in an allspeed engine (both signal and idling switch):

• The throttle opening value is 0% and the engine is running at normal idling speed.

• The throttle opening value is 0% and the engine is running at raised idling speed (750 rpm) if this function is activated.

Throttle opening fault, but the idling switch is working:

• The throttle opening value can be increased slowly between 0 and 50% by using the idling switch.

CAN fault:

• The engine is switched off if the shutdown function is activated.

Driving at high altitude

When driving at high altitudes engine power is reduced automatically due to the lower oxygen content in the air. It is then not possible to run the engine at maximum power.

The engine must not be run at an altitude of more than 1,000 metres. Contact Scania if the operating conditions deviate from these.

OPM 360 en-GB 17

Starting and running

Coolant temperature

IMPORTANT!

An excessive coolant temperature can cause engine damage.

Normal coolant temperature during operation is approximately 94°C (200°F).

The alarm levels are set in the engine control unit. The default setting for the lowest and highest limit values for high coolant temperature are 95 °C (203 °F) and 105°C (221°F) respectively.

The high coolant temperature alarm has the following functions:

• Alarm only.

• Alarm and torque reduction at the lowest limit value.

• Alarm at the lowest limit value and engine shutdown at the highest limit value.

• Alarm, torque reduction at the lowest limit value and engine shutdown at the highest limit value.

• Alarm at the lowest limit value and engine shutdown at the highest limit value with the possibility of engine shutdown override control.

• Alarm, torque reduction at the lowest limit value and engine shutdown at the highest limit value, with the possibility of engine shutdown override control.

If run for extended periods under an extremely light load, the engine may have difficulty in maintaining the coolant temperature. At an increased load the coolant temperature rises to the normal value.

Oil pressure

Normal oil pressure during operation is 3-6 bar (43.5-87 psi). The lowest permitted oil pressure when idling is 0.7 bar (10.2 psi).

The engine management system issues an alarm at the following levels:

• At an engine speed below 1,000 rpm and an oil pressure below 0.7 bar (10.2 psi).

• At an engine speed above 1,000 rpm and an oil pressure below 2.5 bar (36.3 psi) for longer than 3 seconds.

The incorrect oil pressure alarm has the following functions:

• Alarm only.

• Alarm and torque reduction by 30%.

• Alarm and engine shutdown.

• Alarm and engine shutdown override control.

Note:

High oil pressure (above 6 bar/87 psi) is normal if the engine is cold when started.

Charging indicator lamp

If the lamp comes on during operation: Check and adjust the alternator drive belt according to the instructions in the section Checking the drive

belt.

If the charging indicator lamp is still on, this could be due to an alternator fault or a fault in the electrical system.

Belt transmission

When the belt transmission is new, it may make a squeaking noise when running. The noise is normal and disappears after 50-100 hours of operation. The noise does not affect the service life of the belt transmission.

OPM 360 en-GB 18

Starting and running

Engine shutdown

IMPORTANT!

There is risk of post boiling and of damage to the turbocharger if the engine is switched off without cooling. The power must not be switched off before the engine has stopped.

Note:

The battery voltage must remain on for a few seconds after the 15 voltage is switched off so that the control units can store the values and switch to standby mode.

10 prohibited engine shutdowns will cause a torque reduction (70% of fuel quantity). Reset the engine by switching it off correctly once.

1. Run the engine without a load for a few min-

utes if it has been run continuously with a heavy load.

2. Switch off the engine.

Checks after running

WARNING!

Block the starting device when working on the engine. If the engine starts unexpectedly, there is a serious risk of injury.

There is always a risk of sustaining burns when an engine is hot. Particularly hot parts are engine manifolds, turbochargers, oil sumps, as well as hot coolant and oil in pipes and hoses.

IMPORTANT!

Check the coolant level following the first start. Top up with coolant as necessary.

1. Check that the power supply has been cut.

2. Top up the fuel tank. Make sure that the filler

cap and the area round the filler opening are clean to avoid contamination of the fuel.

3. If there is a risk of freezing, the cooling sys-

tem must contain enough glycol. See the section Coolant resistance to cold

4. If the temperature is below 0°C (32°F): Pre-

pare for the next start by connecting the engine heater (if fitted).

Maintenance

OPM 360 en-GB 19

Maintenance

The maintenance programme covers a number of points that are divided into the following sections:

• Lubrication system.

• Air cleaner.

• Cooling system.

• Fuel system.

•Other.

WARNING!

Block the starting device when working on the engine. If the engine starts unexpectedly, there is a serious risk of injury.

There is always a risk of sustaining burns when an engine is hot. Particularly hot parts are engine manifolds, turbochargers, oil sumps, as well as hot coolant and oil in pipes and hoses.

The maintenance programme includes the following:

• S maintenance: Minimum basic maintenance.

• M maintenance: More extensive maintenance.

• L maintenance: Almost all maintenance items.

• XL maintenance: All maintenance items.

During a period, the sequence is S-M-S-L-S-MS-L-S-M-S-XL.

6000

5500

5000

4500

4000

3500

3000

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

313 153

Maintenance

OPM 360 en-GB 20

IMPORTANT!

On delivery a Scania engine is optimised for its application. However, regular maintenance is necessary to:

• prevent unplanned stops

• extend the service life of the engine

• maximise the long-term emission performance of the engine

• give the best possible operating economy.

Maintenance

OPM 360 en-GB 21

Maintenance intervals

Daily First time at Interval (hours) At least

first start 500 500 1,000 2,000 6,000 annual-lyevery 5

years

RSMLXL

Lubrication system

Checking oil level XX

Changing the oil XXXXX X

Cleaning the centrifugal oil cleaner

XXXXX X

Renewing the oil filter XXXXX X

Air cleaner

Reading the vacuum indicator X XXXXX

Renewing the filter element XX X

Renewing the safety cartridge XX X

Renewing an air filter with a non-renewable element

XX X

Cooling system

Checking coolant level X X XXXXX

Checking coolant antifreeze and corrosion protection

XXXX

Checking sacrificial anodes XXXXX X

Checking the sea water pump impeller

XXXXX X

Changing the coolant and cleaning the cooling system

Fuel system

Checking fuel level XX

Draining the water separating prefilter

XXXXX

Renewing the fuel filters XXXXX X

Miscellaneous

Checking the drive belt XXXXX

Checking for leaks X XXXXX

Checking and adjusting the valve clearance

XXX

Lubrication system

OPM 360 en-GB 22

Lubrication system

Oil grade

Scania LDF stands for the Scania Long Drain Field test standard. Scania LDF oils have been carefully selected after extensive testing. The approval is only granted to the highest quality engine oils available on the market.

The engine oil must fulfil the following quality requirements:

• ACEA E5/API CI-4.

• ACEA E7/API CI-4 +.

• For engines not run on low-sulphur fuel, the TBN (Total Base Number) should be at least 12 (ASTM D2896).

• Oils with a low ash content (ACEA E9/API CJ4) are not recommended.

Check with your oil supplier that the oil meets these requirements.

If the engine is used in areas of the world where engine oil with ACEA or API classification is not available, the oil grade must be measured in actual operation. In this case contact the nearest Scania workshop.

For operation at extremely low outdoor temperatures: Consult your nearest Scania representative on how to avoid starting difficulties.

Recommended engine oil

Scania Oil LDF-3

Scania Oil LDF-2

Scania Oil LDF

Scania Oil E7

Viscosity class Outdoor temperature

SAE 20W-30 -15°C (5°F) - +30°C (86°F)

SAE 30 -10°C (14°F) - +30°C (86°F)

SAE 40 -5°C (23°F) - +45°C (113°F)

SAE 50 0°C (32°F) - +45°C (113°F)

SAE 5W-30 < -40°C (-40°F) - +30°C (86°F)

SAE 10W-30 -25°C (-13°F) - +30°C (86°F)

SAE 15W-40 -20°C (-4°F) - +45°C (113°F)

Lubrication system

OPM 360 en-GB 23

Oil grade labels

When changing oil it is important to use the correct engine oil grade. The oil filler cap must therefore be clearly marked with a label for the oil grade that is required.

If the label is missing or if the engine oil grade is changed, a new label must be fitted.

Parts

Oil grade Colour Part number

Scania LDF-3 Red 2 296 066

Scania LDF-2 Blue 2 296 064

Scania LDF Grey 2 296 071

ACEA E7 White 2 296 065

Scania Low Ash Green 2 296 067

Scania Bioethanol Black 2 296 068

Scania BEO-2 Orange 2 296 070

ACEA E9 - 2 296 069

353 114

Oil filler label.

Lubrication system

OPM 360 en-GB 24

Oil analysis

To be able to extend the oil change intervals using an oil analysis, Scania LDF-2 and LDF-3 oils must be used. Most oil companies offer analysis of the engine oil.

The following conditions must remain fulfilled when the oil is changed:

• Viscosity at 100°C (212°F): max. ±20% of original value of the fresh oil.

• TBN (in accordance with ASTM D4739): >

3.5.

• TBN (in accordance with ASTM D4739): > TAN (in accordance with ASTM D664).

• Soot (in accordance with DIN 51452): < 3%.

Such analysis measures the oil's TBN (Total Base Number), TAN (Total Acid Number), fuel dilution, water content, viscosity and the quantity of particles and soot in the oil. A suitable oil change interval is determined based on a series of oil analyses.

If the conditions are changed, a new series of oil analyses must be carried out to establish new oil change intervals.

Checking oil level

Note:

Leave the engine off for at least 7 minutes before you check the oil level.

1. Remove the oil dipstick and check the oil

level. The correct level is between the minimum and maximum marks on the oil dipstick.

2. Fill with more oil via the oil filler if the oil

level is at or below the minimum mark.

For information on the correct oil type, see the section Oil grade

312 506

Lubrication system

OPM 360 en-GB 25

Changing the oil

WARNING!

Hot oil can cause burns and skin irritation. Wear protective gloves and eye protection when changing hot oil. Make sure that there is no pressure in the lubrication system before changing the oil. The oil filler cap must always be in place when starting and running the engine to prevent oil being ejected.

Note:

Change oil more often if the engine is subjected to particularly demanding operation, such as a dusty environment, or if deposits in the centrifugal oil cleaner are thicker than 28 mm (1.1 in).

Renew the oil filter and clean the centrifugal oil cleaner when changing oil.

Environment

Use a suitable container. Used oil must be disposed of as specified in national and international laws and regulations.

1. Unscrew the oil plug and drain the oil when

the engine is hot. In certain engines the oil is pumped out by means of a bilge pump. When draining via the valve, the oil should be hot. Alternatively, use a pump. This so that draining occurs more quickly.

2. Clean the magnet on the oil plug.

3. Refit the oil plug.

4. Fill with oil.

5. Check the level on the oil dipstick.

345 618

Oil volume for oil sump with deep front:

Min. 40 litres (10.5 US gallons).

Max. 48 litres (12.6 US gallons).

346 279

Oil capacity for low oil sump:

Min. 29 litres (7.6 US gallons).

Max. 37 litres (9.7 US gallons).

Lubrication system

OPM 360 en-GB 26

Maximum angles of inclination during operation

Maximum permissible angles of inclination during operation vary, depending on the type of oil sump. See illustration.

25°

30° 30°

25°

30°30°

343 840

Lubrication system

OPM 360 en-GB 27

Cleaning the centrifugal oil cleaner

Tool

WARNING!

The oil may be hot. Carefully remove the cover from the centrifugal oil cleaner.

Note:

Always use genuine Scania parts during maintenance of the centrifugal oil cleaner. This will ensure that the centrifugal oil cleaner continues to function.

When the centrifugal oil cleaner is cleaned, there should be some dirt deposits in the rotor cover. This indicates that the rotor is working. If the rotor cover is clean, in other words the rotor is not working, the cause must be established immediately.

If the dirt deposits exceed 28 mm (1.1 in) at the recommended maintenance intervals, the rotor cover should be cleaned more often.

1. Remove the centrifugal oil cleaner.

2. Clean the cover. Unscrew the nut securing

the outer cover.

3. Let the oil run out from the rotor.

4. Lift out the rotor. Wipe off the outside. Undo

the rotor nut and unscrew it about 1.5 turns to protect the bearing.

Note:

Take care not to damage the rotor shaft.

Designation Illustration

Torque wrench 2-20 Nm with exchangeable ratchet head

364 731

x 1.5

133 315

Lubrication system

OPM 360 en-GB 28

If the rotor nut is difficult to get loose, turn the rotor upside down and fasten the rotor nut in a vice. Turn the rotor anti-clockwise

1.5 turns by hand or use an M20 nut, see illustration.

IMPORTANT!

The rotor must not be put in a vice. Never strike the rotor cover. This may cause damage resulting in imbalance.

6. Remove the rotor cover by holding the rotor

in both hands and tapping the rotor nut against the table. Never strike the rotor directly as this may damage its bearings.

7. Remove the strainer from the rotor cover. If

the strainer is stuck, insert a screwdriver between the rotor cover and strainer and carefully prise them apart.

x 1.5

M20

Lubrication system

OPM 360 en-GB 29

Remove the paper insert and scrape away any remaining dirt deposits inside the rotor cover. If the deposits are thicker than 28 mm (1.1 in), the centrifugal oil cleaner must be cleaned more often.

9. Wash the parts.

10. Inspect the 2 nozzles on the rotor. Ensure that

they are not blocked or damaged. Renew any damaged nozzles.

11. Check that the bearings are undamaged. Re-

new damaged bearings.

12. Fit a new paper insert inside the rotor cover.

333 044

333 037

Lubrication system

OPM 360 en-GB 30

13.

Fit the strainer onto the rotor.

14. Fit a new O-ring by sliding it over the strain-

er.

15. Refit the rotor cover. Ensure that the O-ring

is not outside the edges.

16. Tighten the rotor nut by hand.

17. Check that the rotor shaft is not damaged or

loose.

If the rotor shaft needs renewing, the renewal procedure is described in the Workshop Manual, which can be ordered from a Scania dealer or directly from Scania.

18. Refit the rotor and rotate it by hand to check

that it rotates easily.

Note:

Take care not to damage the rotor shaft.

313 612

Lubrication system

OPM 360 en-GB 31

19.

Fit a new O-ring in the cover. Refit the cover and tighten the lock nut. Tightening torque 15 Nm (11 lb/ft).

IMPORTANT!

To reduce the risk of oil leakage it is important to tighten the cover to the correct tightening torque.

Operational testing of the centrifugal oil cleaner

Operational testing need only be carried out if it is suspected that the centrifugal oil cleaner is malfunctioning. For example, if the dirt deposit is abnormally small given the distance driven.

The rotor rotates very fast and should continue to turn when the engine has stopped.

1. Run the engine until it reaches normal oper-

ating temperature.

2. Turn off the engine and listen for the sound

from the rotor. Use your hand to feel if the filter housing is vibrating.

3. If the filter housing is not vibrating, disman-

tle and check the centrifugal oil cleaner.

313 611

369 844

Lubrication system

OPM 360 en-GB 32

Renewing the oil filter

Tool

IMPORTANT!

Clean the centrifugal oil cleaner at the same time as you change the oil filter. Otherwise, the oil filter will be blocked and resistance in the filter will increase. If this happens, an overflow valve in the filter retainer opens and lets the oil pass without being filtered.

The engine must not be run without a filter element in the oil filter. There is a risk of engine damage caused by particles and by the oil pressure being too low.

1. Unscrew the filter cover using the socket.

IMPORTANT!

Do not use an adjustable spanner or other open tool, as there is a risk of damaging the filter cover.

2. Lift out the filter housing cover with filter el-

ement. The filter housing will drain automatically once the filter has been removed.

3. Undo the old filter from the cover by careful-

ly bending it to one side.

4. Fit a new O-ring on the cover. Lubricate the

O-ring with engine oil.

5. Press a new filter into the snap fastener in the

cover and tighten the filter cover to 25 Nm (18 lbf/ft).

6. Make sure the oil filter drain has emptied the

oil from the filter housing. Screw on the filter cover firmly with the socket.

7. Start the engine and inspect the filter housing

for leaks.

Designation Illustration

Hexagon socket, 1/2", 36 mm

118 268

381 921

1. Cover.

2. O-ring.

3. Filter element.

4. Pipe.

5. Filter housing.

6. Flange screw.

7. Gasket.

Air cleaner

OPM 360 en-GB 33

Air cleaner

Reading the vacuum indicator

If the indicator's red plunger is fully visible, renew the air cleaner filter element following the instructions below.

Renewing the filter element

WARNING!

Never start the engine without the air filter being in place. If you do, this could cause injury and severe engine damage.

IMPORTANT!

Renew the filter element earlier than the maintenance interval if the indicator shows red.

There is always a risk that the filter element will be damaged when it is cleaned.

The filter element must not be cleaned in water or be blown clean with compressed air.

1. Remove the cover from the air cleaner.

2. Renew the filter element.

3. Insert a torch into the element and check

from the outside that there are no holes or cracks in the filter paper.

4. Assemble the air cleaner.

5. Reset the vacuum indicator by pressing the

button.

A B

336 100

A. Vacuum indicator.

B. Filter element.

326 671

Resetting the vacuum indicator.

Air cleaner

OPM 360 en-GB 34

Renewing the safety cartridge

WARNING!

Never start the engine without the air filter being in place. If you do, this could cause injury and severe engine damage.

IMPORTANT!

When you renew the safety cartridge, take great care to ensure that no dirt or other impurities get into the engine. Do not remove the safety cartridge unnecessarily.

1. Remove the cover from the air cleaner.

2. Remove the filter element.

3. Remove the safety cartridge.

4. Fit a new safety cartridge from Scania.

5. Renew or clean the filter element.

6. Check the condition of the O-ring. Renew

the O-ring if it is damaged or hard.

7. Assemble the air cleaner. Ensure that the O-

ring is not outside the edges.

Renewing an air filter with a non-renewable element

IMPORTANT!

If the engine has air filters with a non-renewable Scania element, they should be renewed instead of cleaned.

361 380

Air cleaner.

1. Cover.

2. Filter element.

3. Safety cartridge.

4. O-ring.

325 166

Air filter with a non-renewable element.

OPM 360 en-GB 35

Cooling system

Coolant

WARNING!

Ethylene glycol can be fatal if ingested and can cause skin irritation and eye damage.

Note:

The coolant should be changed when the cooling system is cleaned: every 6,000 hours or at least every 5 years. See the section Changing the cool-

ant and cleaning the cooling system.

The coolant has several characteristics which are important for the operation of the cooling system:

• Corrosion inhibitor.

• Antifreeze.

• Increases the boiling point.

Scania recommends that the coolant used is a mixture of water with antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor (ethylene glycol). The coolant should always contain 35-55% by volume of antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor so that the coolant has the correct properties for the cooling system to work.

Coolant resistance to cold

The following example shows coolant properties with 30 percent by volume of antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor:

• Ice slush starts to form at -16°C (3°F).

• At -30°C (-22°F), there is a risk of cooling system malfunction.

• There is no risk of damage by freezing with a minimum antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor content of 35 percent by volume.

The chart depicts coolant properties at different percents of antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor concentration by volume.

Curve A: Ice formation starts (ice slush)

Curve B: Damage by freezing occurs

Area 1: Safe area

Area 2: Malfunctions may occur (ice

slush)

Area 3: Risk of damage by freezing

312 505

°C BA

-50

-40

-30

-20

-16

-10

100 20304050%

OPM 360 en-GB 36

Cooling system

Antifreeze and corrosion protection concentration table, litres

35% by volume of Scania antifreeze provides sufficient protection against corrosion.

Example:

• The total volume of the cooling system is 40 litres.

• The measured concentration of ethylene glycol is 35% by volume (freezing point -21°C). According to the table there are 14 litres of ethylene glycol in the cooling system.

• The required concentration of ethylene glycol is 45% by volume (freezing point -30°C). According to the table, 18 litres of ethylene glycol are required in the cooling system.

• Since there are already 14 litres in the cooling system, 4 litres of ethylene glycol must be added to the cooling system (18 - 14 = 4 litres).

Adequate protection against corrosion

Volume of ethylene glycol (%) 35 40 45 50 60 Cooling system volume

Ice slush forms (°C) -21 -24 -30 -38 -50 (litres)

Volume of ethylene glycol (litres)

11 12 14 15 18 30

14 16 18 20 24 40

18 20 23 25 30 50

21 24 27 30 36 60

25 28 32 35 42 70

28 32 36 40 48 80

32 36 41 45 54 90

35 40 45 50 60 100

39 44 50 55 66 110

42 48 54 60 72 120

46 52 59 65 78 130

49 56 63 70 84 140

53 60 68 75 90 150

56 64 72 80 96 160

60 68 77 85 102 170

63 72 81 90 108 180

67 76 86 95 114 190

70 80 90 100 120 200

Cooling system

OPM 360 en-GB 37

Antifreeze and corrosion protection concentration table, US gallons

35% by volume of Scania antifreeze provides sufficient protection against corrosion.

Example:

• The total volume of the cooling system is

10.6 US gallons.

• The measured concentration of ethylene glycol is 35% by volume (freezing point -6 °F). According to the table there are

3.7 US gallons of ethylene glycol in the cooling system.

• The required concentration of ethylene glycol is 45% by volume (freezing point -22 °F). According to the table, 4.8 US gallons of ethylene glycol are required in the cooling system.

• Since the cooling system already contains

3.7 US gallons, fill another 1.1 US gallons of ethylene glycol in the cooling system (4.8 -

3.7 = 1.1 US gallons).

Adequate protection against corrosion

Volume of ethylene glycol (%) 35 40 45 50 60 Cooling system volume

Ice slush forms (°F) -6 -11 -22 -36 -58 (US gallons)

Volume of ethylene glycol (US gallons)

2.9 3.2 3.7 4 4.8 7.9

3.74.24.85.36.3 10.6

4.85.36.16.67.9 13.2

5.56.37.17.99.5 15.9

6.6 7.4 8.5 9.2 11.1 18.5

7.4 8.5 9.5 10.6 12.7 21.1

8.5 9.5 10.8 11.9 14.3 23.8

9.2 10.6 11.9 13.2 15.9 26.4

10.3 11.6 13.2 14.5 17.4 29.1

11.1 12.7 14.3 15.9 19 31.7

12.2 13.7 15.6 17.2 20.6 34.3

12.9 14.8 16.6 18.5 22.2 37

14 15.9 18 19.8 23.8 39.6

14.8 16.9 19 21.1 25.4 42.3

15.9 18 20.3 22.5 26.9 44.9

16.6 19 21.4 23.8 28.5 47.6

17.7 20.1 22.7 25.1 30.1 50.2

18.5 21.1 23.8 26.4 31.7 52.8

OPM 360 en-GB 38

Cooling system

Antifreeze and corrosion protection products

Only Scania coolant or other products that Scania has tested to provide proper antifreeze and corrosion protection, may be used in Scania engines. Products that do not satisfy the requirements for use in a Scania engine can result in faults in and damage to the cooling system. This can lead to the invalidation of Scania's warranty for faults and damage caused by the use of inappropriate coolant.

The antifreeze and corrosion protection products used in Scania engines should be of the ethylene glycol type.

Below is a list of Scania antifreeze and corrosion protection products.

Scania concentrate

Coolant with antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor in the form of a concentrate.

Scania Ready Mix

Coolant with antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor Ready Mix 50/50.

Part No. Volume Volume

litres US gallons

1 894 323 5 1.3

1 894 324 20 5.3

1 894 325 210 55

1 894 326 1,000 264

Part No. Volume Volume

litres US gallons

1 921 955 5 1.3

1 921 956 20 5.3

1 921 957 210 55

1 896 695 1,000 264

Checking coolant level

WARNING!

Do not open the coolant filler cap in the expansion tank if the engine is hot. Hot coolant and steam may spray out and cause burns.

If the cap has to be opened do it slowly to release the pressure before removing the cap. Wear protective gloves as the coolant is still very hot.

IMPORTANT!

It is not permissible to top up large amounts of coolant via the expansion tank. Filling via the expansion tank leads to air locks in the cooling system which can lead to e.g. cavitation damage to the coolant pump shaft seal. If a large amount of coolant needs to be added, follow the instructions in the section Filling coolant

Only pour pre-mixed coolant into the cooling system.

1. Check the coolant level through the sight

glass on the expansion tank.

2. Top up with coolant as necessary.

OPM 360 en-GB 39

Cooling system

Checking coolant antifreeze and corrosion protection

Tool

IMPORTANT!

Use only pure fresh water that is free from particles, sludge and other impurities.

1. Pour a small amount of coolant into a con-

tainer and check that the coolant is pure and clear.

2. Change the coolant if it is contaminated or

cloudy.

3. Measure the antifreeze content with a refrac-

tometer.

The following rules apply to ethylene glycolbased coolant:

• The antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor content must be minimum 35 percent by volume for corrosion protection to be sufficient.

• An antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor content greater than 55 percent by volume impairs the ability to protect against frost.

• If ice forms in the coolant, there are disruptions initially, but there is no immediate risk of damage. The engine should not be subjected to heavy loads when ice starts to form.

Designation Illustration

Refractometer

305 523

138008

Cooling system

OPM 360 en-GB 40

Checking sacrificial anodes

1. Drain the sea water circuit. See the section

Draining the sea water circuit

2. Check the sacrificial anodes and scrape off

all loose material from them.

3. Renew the sacrificial anode if less than half

of it is left. A new sacrificial anode is 60 mm long with a diameter of 17 mm.

4. Renew the gasket when fitting.

5. If the sacrificial anodes are very corroded,

the inspection intervals must be reduced.

Checking the sea water pump impeller

1. Drain the sea water circuit. See the section

Draining the sea water circuit

2. Check that the vanes of the impeller are not

heavily splintered or damaged.

329 967

Position of sacrificial anodes.

361 639

Sea water pump cover.

Cooling system

OPM 360 en-GB 41

Renewing the sea water pump impeller

Special tool

Note:

If the impeller must be renewed frequently, the cleaning of the sea water needs to be improved.

There should be a spare impeller on board.

The impeller can be deformed during extended periods of inactivity. Renew the impeller before starting or remove the impeller before longer periods of stoppage.

1. Thread the puller stud into the rubber impel-

ler using an internal hexagon key until the stud reaches the bottom.

Note:

Note the direction of rotation of the impeller vanes.

2. Screw the puller into the rubber impeller us-

ing the handle until it reaches the stud. Then continue to screw until the impeller comes loose.

3. Unscrew the stud.

IMPORTANT!

Check that the direction of rotation of the impeller vanes is the same as during removal.

4. Lubricate the impeller with pump grease and

then fit it using a rubber mallet.

5. Fit the sea water pump cover. Tightening

torque 7.5 Nm (5.5 lb/ft).

Number Designation Illustration

2 443 680 Puller

360 276

361 638

361 639

Sea water pump cover.

Cooling system

OPM 360 en-GB 42

Changing the coolant and cleaning the cooling system

Draining coolant

Special tool

WARNING!

Do not open the coolant filler cap in the expansion tank if the engine is hot. Hot coolant and steam may spray out and cause burns. If the cap has to be opened do it slowly to release the pressure before removing the cap.

Use protective gloves as coolant can cause irritation if it comes in contact with the skin. Hot coolant can also cause scalding.

Environment

Use a suitable container. Used coolant must be disposed of as specified in national and international laws and regulations.

1. Open the expansion tank cap.

2. Position the hose from the coolant pump in

an empty container.

3. Connect the pump to the draining nipple in

the cylinder block. See illustration.

4. Connect the pump's 2 cable terminals to the

battery's negative and positive terminal. Make sure that the drainage starts. If the drainage does not start: Change the position of the cable terminals.

5. Repeat the procedure at the cooling system's

lowest drainage point. The location of the lowest drainage point on the engine may differ depending on engine application.

Number, designation

2 443 679, coolant pump

360 625

360 707

Drain nipple in the cylinder block (behind the heat exchanger).

Cooling system

OPM 360 en-GB 43

Draining the sea water circuit

1. Close the bottom valve on the sea water inlet

and remove the connection pipe on the outlet from heat exchanger (1).

2. Remove the cover from the sea water pump

to completely drain the pump (2).

The lowest point in the sea water circuit may be at different points, but it is usually in the sea water pump intake (3).

IMPORTANT!

Plug the connections to prevent dirt ingress into the engine.

Removing the charge air cooler

When the charge air cooler core needs cleaning, the charge air cooler must be removed if there is no space behind it to take out the core.

1. Make sure that the cooling system is com-

pletely drained as described in the previous section.

2. Unscrew and remove the catwalk, protective

plate and the protective casing.

342 753

Cooling system

OPM 360 en-GB 44

On the left-hand turbocharger, remove the hose between the oil mist separator and the air filter flange. Use a screwdriver to pull out the lock.

4. Loosen and remove the hose clamps for the

charge air pipe.

5. Remove all sea water pipes to and from the

charge air cooler.

329 313

329 320

352 044

Cooling system

OPM 360 en-GB 45

Right-hand turbocharger: Remove the Vclamp and the screw for the bracket. Remove the charge air pipe.

7. Left-hand turbocharger: Remove the V-

clamp and carefully turn the charge air pipe during removal.

8. Remove the screws securing the charge air

cooler.

9. Lift out the charge air cooler.

329 318

329 341

329 340

Cooling system

OPM 360 en-GB 46

Cleaning the charge air cooler

The charge air cooler must be removed if there is no space behind it to take out the cooler cores. See previous section.

1. Remove the sea water pipes to and from the

charge air cooler. Remove flanges and charge air pipe from the charge air cooler. Remove the old gaskets and scrape off any gasket residue.

2. Remove the screws on the charge air cooler

covers (1) and remove the covers. Mark the covers so that you can put them back on the correct side.

3. Press in the cooler core (5) slightly on one

side and pull it out from the other side.

4. Clean the cooler core on the outside with par-

affin-based engine detergent. Remove any internal deposits using a round rod. Renew the cooler core if it is damaged.

IMPORTANT!

Do not use caustic soda as this could damage the aluminium.

5. Renew damaged or hard O-rings (2).

6. Assemble the charge air cooler. Tighten the

M8 screws on the cover to 15 Nm (11 lb-ft).

329 339

362 869

1. Cover.

2. O-rings.

3. Spacer.

4. Charge air cooler housing.

5. Cooler core.

Cooling system

OPM 360 en-GB 47

Removing the heat exchanger

When the heat exchanger core needs cleaning, the heat exchanger must be removed.

WARNING!

Use protective gloves as coolant can cause irritation if it comes in contact with the skin. Hot coolant can also cause scalding.

1. Make sure that the cooling system is empty

as described earlier.

2. Remove the sea water pipe between the

charge air cooler and heat exchanger.

3. If the engine has a water-cooled exhaust pipe

bend: Remove the sea water pipe between the heat exchanger and the exhaust pipe bend.

4. Remove the coolant pipe with the thermostat

housing cover.

329 322

329 323

Cooling system

OPM 360 en-GB 48

Remove the coolant pipe from the heat exchanger.

6. Remove the screws on the heat exchanger

and the 2 upper screws on the exhaust manifold bracket.

7. Remove the heat exchanger by holding it in

the bracket, moving the heat exchanger slightly to the side and removing it.

329 324

329 325

329 326

Cooling system

OPM 360 en-GB 49

Cleaning the heat exchanger

1. Remove the screws on the heat exchanger

covers (1) and remove the covers. Mark the covers so that you can put them back on the correct side.

2. Press in the cooler core (5) slightly on one

side and pull it out from the other side.

3. Clean the cooler core on the outside with par-

affin-based engine detergent. Remove any internal deposits using a round rod. Renew the cooler core if it is damaged.

IMPORTANT!

Do not use caustic soda as this could damage the aluminium.

4. Renew damaged or hard O-rings (3).

5. Assemble the heat exchanger. Tighten the

M8 screws on the cover to 15 Nm (11 lb-ft).

362 870

1. Cover.

2. Spacer.

3. O-rings.

4. Heat exchanger housing.

5. Cooler core.

Cooling system

OPM 360 en-GB 50

Fitting the heat exchanger

1. Fit the heat exchanger by holding it in the ex-

haust manifold bracket, moving it slightly to the side and fitting it.

2. Fit all screws by hand and then tighten them.

Tightening torque 50 Nm (37 lb/ft).

3. Lubricate and fit the coolant pipe from the

heat exchanger. Angle the pipe from the thermostat housing inwards and push it onto the connection.

329 327

329 325

329 328

Cooling system

OPM 360 en-GB 51

Fit the coolant pipe with the thermostat housing cover.

5. Fit the sea water pipe between the charge air

cooler and heat exchanger.

6. If the engine has a water-cooled exhaust pipe

bend: Fit the sea water pipe between the heat exchanger and the exhaust pipe bend.

329 323

329 322

Cooling system

OPM 360 en-GB 52

Fitting the charge air cooler

1. Fit the charge air cooler. Tighten the 4

screws to 50 Nm (37 lb-ft).

2. Carefully fit the charge air pipe from the left-

hand turbocharger and tighten the V-clamp to 20 Nm (15 lb-ft).

3. Fit the charge air pipe from the left-hand tur-

bocharger. Fit the V-clamp first and then the screw on the bracket.

4. Fit the sea water pipe from the sea water

pump, first to the charge air cooler (the inner pipe) and then from the charge air cooler to the heat exchanger (the outer pipe).

329 341

329 318

352 044

Cooling system

OPM 360 en-GB 53

Fit the charge air pipe and the hose clamps.

6. Fit the crankcase ventilation hose.

7. Fit the catwalk:

– Loosely fit the protective plate to the

charge air pipe. Tighten the screws later.

– Fit the protective casing. Tighten the

screws later. – Fit the catwalk with screws. – Tighten all screws. The protective plate

and protective casing must be tightened to

a tightening torque of 15 Nm (11 lb-ft).

329 320

329 313

OPM 360 en-GB 54

Cooling system

Internal: Removing oil and grease

Environment

Use a suitable container. Used coolant must be disposed of as specified in national and international laws and regulations.

Always fit a new thermostat and a new cover to the expansion tank after cleaning, as the oil in the cooling system destroys the seals. If the engine is equipped with a coolant filter, also renew this filter.

It may be necessary to wash it multiple times if the cooling system is very dirty. One cause of contamination can be that oil is lying on top of the coolant and collecting high up in the cooling system. If several rinses are needed, this is not necessarily because work has been carried out incorrectly. Oil residues often need to be rinsed repeatedly from the expansion tank and the external heating system to be completely clean.

Repeated washing is more effective and preferable to using higher concentrations of detergent (max. 10%) or cleaning for a longer period (max 30 minutes).

If only a small amount of dirt has collected in the expansion tank after cleaning, one extra rinse and clean of the expansion tank only is usually sufficient. There is no need to clean the whole cooling system again.

1. Run the engine until it has reached operating

temperature and then drain the cooling system following the previous description.

2. Remove the thermostats.

3. Fill the cooling system with clean hot water

mixed with detergent 2 479 017. Detergent 2 479 017 must make up 5-10% (depending on the degree of dirt) of the total coolant volume.

If detergent 2 479 017 is not available, use a dishwasher detergent for household dishwashers that does not foam. Concentration 1%.

4. Run the engine until it has reached operating

temperature for approximately 20-30 minutes. Remember to switch on the cab heating system, if one is installed.

5. Drain the cooling system.

6. Fill the cooling system with clean, hot water

and run the engine for about 20-30 minutes.

7. Repeat steps 3-6 if the cooling system is not

clean.

Cooling system

OPM 360 en-GB 55

Drain the water from the cooling system.

9. If necessary, clean the expansion tank by de-

taching all hoses and rinsing and cleaning with a degreasing agent and a dishwashing brush.

Alternatively, dismantle the expansion tank and clean it with water with 10% of detergent 2 479 017. Fill the expansion tank with the mixture, shake it around and drain it out. Renew the cover of the expansion tank.

10. Refit the thermostats.

11. Fill the cooling system with new coolant as

described in the next section.

12. Check again whether further dirt or oil has

collected in the expansion tank. Decide whether it it is necessary to carry out another full cleaning or whether only rinsing or cleaning of the expansion tank will suffice.

Internal: Removing deposits

Environment

Use a suitable container. Used coolant must be disposed of as specified in national and international laws and regulations.

1. Run the engine until it has reached operating

temperature and then drain the cooling system following the previous description.

2. Remove the thermostats.

3. Fill the cooling system with clean, hot water

mixed with radiator detergent which is based on sulphamic acid and contains dispersing agents. Follow the manufacturer's instructions for the concentration and cleaning period.

4. Run the engine for the specified time. Re-

member to switch on the cab heating system, if one is installed.

5. Drain the cooling system.

6. Fill the cooling system with clean, hot water

and run the engine for about 20-30 minutes.

7. Drain the water from the cooling system.

8. Refit the thermostats.

9. Fill the cooling system with new coolant as

described in the next section.

OPM 360 en-GB 56

Cooling system

Filling coolant

This procedure applies when the cooling system has been drained and needs to be filled with a large amount of coolant.

Special tool

WARNING!

Use protective gloves as coolant can cause irritation if it comes in contact with the skin. Hot coolant can also cause scalding.

IMPORTANT!

Mix the coolant as specified in the section headed Coolant

Never fill a large amount of cold coolant in a hot engine. There is great risk of cracks forming in the cylinder block and cylinder heads.

Do not start the engine until the correct coolant level has been obtained. If the engine is started with an insufficient coolant level, it can damage the coolant pump shaft seal, which leads to coolant leakage.

Number, designation

2 443 679, coolant pump

360 625

Cooling system

OPM 360 en-GB 57

Open the expansion tank cap.

2. Connect the coolant pump to the filler nipple

in the cylinder block.

3. Connect the pump's 2 cable terminals to the

battery's negative and positive terminal. Make sure that the filling starts. If the filling does not start: Change the position of the cable terminals.

4. Start the engine and run it at idling for

15 minutes.

IMPORTANT!

It is very important that the engine is idling. Engine overspeed could damage the coolant pump shaft seal, which leads to coolant leakage.

5. Switch off the engine and fill with coolant to

the maximum level through the expansion tank.

Air pockets may still be left in the cooling system. These will disappear after the engine has been operated for a period of time. Therefore, the coolant may need topping up at a later stage.

Finishing work

1. Open the bottom valve on the sea water inlet.

2. Start the engine and check that no leakage

occurs.

3. Check the coolant level and top up the cool-

ant via the expansion tank if necessary.

360 707

Filler nipple in the cylinder block (behind the heat exchanger).

OPM 360 en-GB 58

Fuel system

Cleanliness requirements

IMPORTANT!

The whole fuel system is very sensitive to dirt and even very small particles. Foreign particles in the system can cause serious malfunctions. It is therefore very important that everything is as clean as possible when work is carried out on the fuel system. Before repair work, the engine must be washed. If possible, a hot water wash should be used.

It is strictly forbidden to carry out any machining work or work with compressed air near an open fuel system.

Be extra careful and always use clean, lint-free and dust-free clothes and gloves when working on the fuel system. Scania recommends using Tegera 848 gloves.

Clean tools before they are used and do not use any worn or chrome-plated tools. Material and flakes of chrome may come off.

Clean connections and the surrounding area before removal. When cleaning, cloths or paper which shed fibres must not be used. Use clean and lint free cloths, part number 588 879.

Plug or cover the connections during removal. Also clean the connections before the components are fitted. Place removed components on a thoroughly cleaned, dust-free surface. Scania recommends using a stainless steel bench top, part number 2 403 296. Cover the components with a lint free cloth.

Checking fuel level

Check the fuel level and top up with fuel as necessary.

Note:

If the fuel tank has been run dry or if the engine has not been used for a long time, bleed the fuel system. See the section Bleeding the fuel system.

Fuel system

OPM 360 en-GB 59

Draining and renewing the water separating prefilter

IMPORTANT!

The sensor cable is sensitive. Handle it carefully.

Environment

Use a suitable container. The fuel collected must be disposed of as specified in national and international laws and regulations.

1. Close the shut-off cock in the fuel pipe and

position a container under the filter.

2. Detach the sensor cables from the contact

housings (1) on the filters.

3. Open the filter drain plugs (2) and allow the

fluid to run down into the container.

4. Unscrew the filters (3) from the filter head

(4).

5. Discard the old filters and use new ones.

6. Lubricate the O-rings on the filters with en-

gine oil.

7. Fill the width of the filters with clean fuel.

8. Screw the filters into position until the O-

rings rest against the filter head. Tighten the filters another quarter to three quarter turn by hand.

9. Open the shut-off cock in the fuel pipe and

check that the fuel system is sealed.

10. Connect the sensor cable to the contact hous-

ings on the filters.

11. Bleed the fuel system according to the in-

structions in the Bleeding the fuel system section.

354 446

12 2

Water separating prefilter.

1. Contact housing.

2. Drain plugs.

3. Filter.

4. Filter head.

Fuel system

OPM 360 en-GB 60

Draining and renewing the single water separating prefilter

IMPORTANT!

The sensor cable is sensitive. Handle it carefully.

Environment

Use a suitable container. The fuel collected must be disposed of as specified in national and international laws and regulations.

Before starting work: Close the shut-off cock in the fuel pipe and position a container under the filter.

1. Undo the sensor cable from the connector on

the filter bracket.

2. Open the drain tap in the filter cover and let

the fluid run down into the container.

3. Unscrew the filter cover.

4. Unscrew the filter from the filter head.

5. Discard the old filter and use a new filter.

6. Lubricate the O-ring in the filter cover with

engine oil.

7. Screw the filter cover onto the new filter by

hand. Make sure that the drain tap is fully closed.

8. Lubricate the O-ring on the filter with engine

oil.

9. Fill the width of the filter with clean fuel.

10. Screw the filter into position until the O-ring

rests against the filter head. Tighten the filter another 1/2 to 3/4 turn by hand.

11. Open the shut-off cock in the fuel pipe and

check that the fuel system is sealed.

12. Screw the sensor cable in the contact housing

onto the filter bracket.

13. Bleed the fuel system according to the in-

structions in the Bleeding the fuel system section.

336 101

1. Sensor cable.

2. Drain tap.

3. Filter cover.

4. Filter.

Fuel system

OPM 360 en-GB 61

Draining the commutative water separating prefilter

During operation, the rotary control should point 90° towards the filter being used.

Environment

Use a suitable container. The fuel collected must be disposed of as specified in national and international laws and regulations.

1. Switch off the filter that needs renewing. The

arrow on the rotary control should point towards the filter that should remain active during renewal.

WARNING!

Be careful that the valve does not pass the closed position when the engine is in operation. A closed position can result in the engine stopping. In marine applications, the engine stopping represents a safety hazard.

2. Remove the cover from the filter housing.

1 2 3 4

376 032

1. Closed; neither filter is active.

2. Both filters are active.

3. Left-hand filter is active.

4. Right-hand filter is active.

377 154

Fuel system

OPM 360 en-GB 62

Undo the drain plug.

4. Tighten the drain plug when all the water has

emptied.

5. Fill the filter housing with clean fuel.

6. Fit the cover. Tighten the cover screw by

hand.

377 156

377 154

Fuel system

OPM 360 en-GB 63

Renewing the commutative, water separating prefilter

During operation, the rotary control should point 90° towards the filter being used.

Environment

Use a suitable container. The fuel collected must be disposed of as specified in national and international laws and regulations.

1. Switch off the filter that needs renewing. The

arrow on the rotary control should point towards the filter that should remain active during renewal.

WARNING!

2. Clean the filter housing externally with a

cloth.

3. Remove the cover from the filter housing.

377 154

Fuel system

OPM 360 en-GB 64

Remove the filter and fit the new filter.

5. Renew the O-rings in the cover.

6. Lubricate the O-rings with engine oil.

7. Fill the filter housing with clean fuel.

8. Fit the cover. Tighten the cover screw by

hand.

377 155

376 035

377 154

Fuel system

OPM 360 en-GB 65

Renewing the fuel filter

Environment

Use a suitable container. The fuel collected must be disposed of as specified in national and international laws and regulations.

1. Clean the exterior of the fuel filter with a

damp cloth.

2. Unscrew the filter.

3. Apply oil to the gasket on the new filter.

4. Screw the filter into place by hand until it

makes contact.

5. Screw a further half turn by hand.

6. Bleed the fuel system according to the in-

structions in the following section.

354 444

Fuel filter.

Fuel system

OPM 360 en-GB 66

Bleeding the fuel system

Bleeding the fuel system using a hand pump

Environment

Use a suitable container. The fuel collected must be disposed of as specified in national and international laws and regulations.

1. Screw up the hand pump handle (1).

2. Attach a clear plastic hose to the bleed nipple

on the fuel filter (2). Let the plastic hose drop into a container that holds at least 5 litres (1.3 US gallons).

3. Open the bleed nipple on the fuel filter.

4. Pump with the hand pump until fuel comes

out.

5. Close the bleed nipple on the fuel filter.

6. Attach a clear plastic hose to the bleed nipple

on the high pressure pump (3). Let the plastic hose drop into a container that holds at least 5 litres (1.3 US gallons).

7. Open the bleed nipple on the high pressure

pump and pump the hand pump until fuel comes out. It will take around 150 pump strokes.

8. Close the bleed nipple on the high pressure

pump and screw down the hand pump handle.

9. Start the engine. The engine should be easy

to start.

361 379

1. Hand pump.

2. Fuel filter bleed nipple.

361 377

Bleed nipple on high pressure pump.

Fuel system

OPM 360 en-GB 67

Bleeding the fuel system using a suction tool

Tool

Environment

Use a suitable container. The fuel collected must be disposed of as specified in national and international laws and regulations.

1. Open the bleed nipple on the high pressure

pump (3) and connect the suction tool to it.

2. Hold the suction tool straight and draw out a

full container of fuel.

3. Once the fuel coming out of the hose is free

of air bubbles, then bleeding is complete.

4. Close the bleed nipple on the high pressure

pump. Remove the hose and suction tool.

5. Start the engine and check that no leakage

occurs.

Designation Illustration

Suction tool for fuel system

337 297

361 377

Bleed nipple on high pressure pump.

Miscellaneous

OPM 360 en-GB 68

Miscellaneous

Checking the drive belt

IMPORTANT!

Refit the drive belt with the same direction of rotation as it had before removal.

1. Check the drive belt thoroughly, particularly

at the idler rollers.

2. Check the drive belt for cracks. Renew the

drive belt if deep cracks have formed.

Note:

Small and shallow cracks are normal and form after only a few hours of operation. They do not mean that the drive belt needs to be renewed. However, if there are many, deep cracks, the drive belt must be renewed. See the illustrations.

381 628

Drive belt.

106 229

Example of a minor crack in the drive belt. The drive belt can be refitted.

Miscellaneous

OPM 360 en-GB 69

Check drive belt wear. Renew the drive belt if it is too worn. See the illustrations.

381 640

The drive belt has deep cracks and must be renewed.

112 931

The drive belt is starting to become worn, but can be refitted.

112 932

The belt is worn down to the cord. The drive belt must be renewed.

Miscellaneous

OPM 360 en-GB 70

Checking for leaks

IMPORTANT!

If serious leakage occurs, contact your nearest Scania workshop.

1. Start the engine.

2. Check for leaks in the lubrication, intake,

cooling, fuel, or exhaust system.

3. Tighten or renew leaking connections.

Check the overflow holes which show whether the O-rings between the cylinder liners and crankcase are leaking.

Miscellaneous

OPM 360 en-GB 71

Checking and adjusting the valve clearance

Special tool

WARNING!

Block the starting device. If the engine starts unexpectedly, there is a serious risk of injury.

IMPORTANT!

The engine must be cold when the work is carried out.

Remember to remove the turning tool from the flywheel after adjustment.

Note:

Carry out the working without pausing, so that no step is overlooked.

Carry out a check and adjustment of the valve clearances one more time after the first 500 hours of operation. After this, adjustment according to the regular interval takes place, which is every 2,000 operational hours.

Number Designation Illustration

99 309 Turning tool for rotating the flywheel from below

99 109 Turning tool for rotating the flywheel from above

Other tools

Torque wrench 0-50 Nm

Waterproof felt-tip pen

0.45 and 0.70 mm feeler gauges

Flash light

Mirror

142 238

312 733

Miscellaneous

OPM 360 en-GB 72

On the flywheel is engraved the reference information UP TDC, DOWN TDC and the angle indications listed in the table below. Depending on the engine installation and type of flywheel housing, this information is visible in one of the windows, either furthest up or furthest down on the flywheel. See illustration.

Adjust valves according to the table below. Follow the respective column depending on whether you are reading the engraving on the flywheel in the lower or the upper window. Start adjustment at the top of the table.

Valve clearance, specifications

Intake valve 0.45 mm (0.018 in)

Exhaust valve 0.70 mm (0.028 in)

Tightening torques

Lock nut for valves 35 Nm (26 lb/ft)

Reading in the low-

er window

Valve transition on

cylinder

Adjust intake valve

on cylinder

Adjust exhaust

valve on cylinder

Reading in the up-

per window

DOWN TDC (0°) 6 7 and 8 4 and 5 UP TDC (180°)

UP TDC (180°) 7 1 and 5 2 and 6 DOWN TDC (0°)

DOWN TDC (360°) 1 2 and 4 3 and 7 UP TDC (540°)

UP TDC (540°) 4 3 and 6 1 and 8 DOWN TDC (360°)

310 343

Upper and lower window to read the engraving on the flywheel.

361 378

Order of cylinders.

Miscellaneous

OPM 360 en-GB 73

Clean the rocker covers and the area around them.

2. Remove the rocker covers.

3. Use the turning tool appropriate to the instal-

lation of the engine. Tool 99 309 is used to rotate the flywheel from the underside of the engine and tool 99 109 is used from the top side.

4. Start adjusting one cylinder according to the

table. Rotate the flywheel until the correct graduation can be read on the flywheel. It may be necessary to rotate it more than 1 revolution.

Rotate the flywheel in the rotational direction of the engine, which is clockwise viewed from the front of the engine and anticlockwise viewed from the back of the engine.

During a valve transition, the exhaust valve (the long arm) is closing at the same time as the intake valve is opening.

The UP TDC engraving on the flywheel is now visible in the window furthest up on the flywheel. The DOWN TDC engraving is visible in the lower window.

5. Read the table on the previous page to see

which valve to adjust.

6. Stick the feeler gauge under the pressure pad

of the rocker arm and check the valve clearance.

7. If necessary, adjust the valve clearance by

a) loosening the lock nut on the end of the

rocker arm

b) adjusting the valve clearance with the ad-

justing screw

c) tightening the lock nut.

8. Mark the rocker arm with the felt-tip pen and

then continue with the next cylinder according to the table.

382 364

1. Adjusting screw.

2. Lock nut.

3. Rocker arm.

4. Valve bridge.

5. Feeler gauge.

Quality requirements for fuel

OPM 360 en-GB 74

Quality requirements for fuel

Quality requirements and testing standards for the most important properties of different types of fuel are described in the Workshop Manual. This can be ordered from Scania dealers or directly from Scania.

Diesel

Properties

The quality of the diesel is very important for the operation and service life of the engine and the fuel system, and also for the engine performance.

REQUIREMENT!

The diesel should comply with the requirements of European standard EN590.

However, Scania accepts larger tolerances of certain properties. Please see the table below.

Property Requirements

Viscosity at 40°C (104°F)

1.4-4.5 cSt

Density at 15°C (59°F)

0.79-0.87 kg/dm

Ignitability (CET rating) minimum 49

Lowest flashpoint 56°C (132°F)

Particulate contamination level

Classification 22/20/17 according to ISO 4406

Quality requirements for fuel

OPM 360 en-GB 75

Permitted sulphur content in diesel

IMPORTANT!

The operator is responsible for using the correct type of diesel to ensure that local laws are complied with.

Temperature dependence of diesel

IMPORTANT!

Mixing kerosene or other paraffins with the diesel is prohibited. The injectors may be damaged.

It is not permissible to mix petrol with diesel. In the long term petrol can cause wear in the injectors and engine.

At temperatures lower than those specified for the diesel, paraffin wax may precipitate from the diesel and block filters and pipes. The engine can then lose power or stop.

The diesel is adapted for use in the specific climate of each country. If an engine is to be operated in a temperature zone with a temperature lower than normal, first identify the temperature properties of that particular diesel.

HVO

HVO is a synthetic diesel which is manufactured through the hydrogenation of plants and animal fats. To the user, HVO is reminiscent of diesel in accordance with EN590, apart from HVO having a somewhat lower density.

Scania approves the use of up to 100% HVO for all engines in accordance with the European standard EN 15940.

Sulphur content in diesel Note

0-2,000 ppm (<0.2%) Normal oil change interval of up to 500 hours.

2,000-4,000 ppm (0.2-0.4%) The oil change interval must be halved to a maximum of

250 hours.

4,000 ppm (0.4 %) Max. permitted sulphur content. If diesel with too high a

sulphur content is used, this causes engine damage.

OPM 360 en-GB 76

Quality requirements for fuel

Biodiesel (FAME)

Use of biodiesel

Scania uses the term biodiesel to refer to a renewable diesel made from greases or oils and methanol. The biodiesel should conform to the requirements of European standard EN 14214 or Brazilian standard ANP-45. For biodiesel in accordance with EN 14214 or ANP-45, the generic term FAME is frequently used.

Normal diesel in accordance with EN 590 can contain up to 7% biodiesel from the diesel supplier. There are grades of diesel that comply with EN 590 but contain a higher mixture of biodiesel.

Scania approves a mixture of up to 10% biodiesel.

Storage of biodiesel

IMPORTANT!

Biodiesel must not be stored for more than 6 months.

Biodiesel has a maximum storage life of 6 months from the date of production to the expiry date. The fuel is affected by light, temperature, water, etc. during storage, which affects the fuel characteristics and durability.

Biodiesel also has lower stability against oxidation than diesel. This can result in a thickening of the fuel and blocking of parts of the fuel system, e.g. the fuel filter. Bacterial growth can occur when fuel is stored in tanks under unfavourable conditions. Avoid storage in barrels or auxiliary tanks, except when fuel turnover rates are high. Check tank cleanliness whenever refuelling takes place.

If the engine has been refuelled with biodiesel, and is stationary for a long period, condensation water can form in the fuel tank resulting in bacterial growth.

Scania DI16 XPI series Operator's Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual