Garmin 01246 Users Manual

190-01122-00 TBD 2011 Rev. A

©Copyright 2011

Revision

Revision Date

Description

A

Initial Release

Garmin International, Inc., or its subsidiaries

All Rights Reserved

Except as expressly provided herein, no part of this manual may be reproduced, copied, transmitted,
disseminated, downloaded or stored in any storage medium, for any purpose without the express prior
written consent of Garmin. Garmin hereby grants permission to download a single copy of this manual
and of any revision to this manual onto a hard drive or other electronic storage medium to be viewed and
to print one copy of this manual or of any revision hereto, provided that such electronic or printed copy of
this manual or revision must contain the complete text of this copyright notice and provided further that
any unauthorized commercial distribution of this manual or any revision hereto is strictly prohibited.

SkyWatch® and Stormscope® are registered trademarks of L-3 Communications. XM® is a registered
trademark of Sirius XM Satellite Radio, Inc.

Windows® is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and other countries.
At Garmin, we value your opinion. For comments about this guide, please e-mail:

[e-mail].

Garmin International, Inc.

1200 E. 151st Street

Olathe, KS 66062 USA

Telephone: [phone]

Aviation Dealer Technical Support Line (Toll Free): [phone]

Web Site Address: www.garmin.com

Garmin (Europe) Ltd.

Liberty House

Bull Copse Road

Hounsdown Business Park

Southampton, SO40 9RB, UK

Telephone: [phone]

RECORD OF REVISIONS

GDL 88 TSO Installation Manual Page A
190-01122-00 Rev. A

Section

Pagination

Table of Contents

i - iv

Section 1

1-1 through 1-10

Section 2

2-1 through 2-2

Section 3

3-1 through 3-4

Section 4

4-1 through 4-6

Section 5

5-1 through 5-3

Section 6

6-1 through 6-5

Section 7

7-1 through 7-2

Appendix A

A-1 through A-2

Appendix B

B-1 through B-5

Appendix C

C-1 through C-6

Appendix D

D-1 through D-7

DOCUMENT PAGINATION

Page B GDL 88 TSO Installation Manual
Rev. A 190-01122-00

INFORMATION SUBJECT TO EXPORT CONTROL LAWS

This document may contain information which is subject to the Export Administration Regulations
("EAR") issued by the United States Department of Commerce (15 CFR, Chapter VII, Subchapter C) and
which may not be exported, released, or disclosed to foreign nationals inside or outside of the United
States without first obtaining an export license. A violation of the EAR may be subject to a penalty of up
to 10 years imprisonment and a fine of up to $1,000,000 under Section 2410 of the Export Administration
Act of 1979. Include this notice with any reproduced portion of this document.

WARNING

This product, its packaging, and its components contain chemicals known to the State of
California to cause cancer, birth defects, or reproductive harm. This notice is being
provided in accordance with California's Proposition 65. If you have any questions or
would like additional information, please refer to our web site at
www.garmin.com/prop65.

WARNING

Perchlorate Material – special handling may apply, See
www.dtsc.ca.gov./hazardouswaste/perchlorate.

WARNING

The GDL 88 with GPS/SBAS and the GDL 88D with GPS/SBAS contains a lithium
battery that must be recycled or disposed of properly. Battery replacement and removal
must be performed by professional services.

GDL 88 TSO Installation Manual Page i
190-01122-00 Rev. A

1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION .............................................................................................................. 1-1

1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 1-1

1.2 Equipment Description .............................................................................................................. 1-1

1.3 Technical Specifications ............................................................................................................ 1-2

1.3.1 Physical Characteristics ..................................................................................................... 1-2

1.3.2 General Specifications ....................................................................................................... 1-2

1.3.3 GPS/SBAS Specifications .................................................................................................. 1-3

1.3.4 978 MHz UAT Transceiver Specifications ........................................................................ 1-3

1.3.5 1030 MHz Transmitter Specifications ............................................................................... 1-4

1.3.6 1090 MHz Receiver Specifications .................................................................................... 1-4

1.3.7 UAT/1090 Requirements ................................................................................................... 1-5

1.3.8 GPS Antenna Requirements ............................................................................................... 1-5

1.4 License Requirements ................................................................................................................ 1-6

1.5 Regulatory Compliance.............................................................................................................. 1-7

1.5.1 TSO Authorization and Advisory Circular References ...................................................... 1-7

1.5.2 Non-TSO Functions ........................................................................................................... 1-8

1.5.3 TSO Deviations .................................................................................................................. 1-9

1.5.4 FCC Grant of Equipment Authorization ............................................................................ 1-9

1.6 Aviation Limited Warranty ...................................................................................................... 1-10

2 LIMITATIONS .................................................................................................................................. 2-1

2.1 Installation .................................................................................................................................. 2-1

3 INSTALLATION OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................ 3-2

3.1 Antenna Considerations ............................................................................................................. 3-2

3.1.1 GPS Antenna Location ....................................................................................................... 3-2

4 INSTALLATION PROCEDURES .................................................................................................... 4-1

4.1 Unit and Accessories .................................................................................................................. 4-1

4.2 Optional Accessories.................................................................................................................. 4-2

4.2.1 GPS Antenna Options ........................................................................................................ 4-2

4.2.2 UAT Antenna Options ....................................................................................................... 4-3

4.3 Miscellaneous Options ............................................................................................................... 4-3

4.4 Installation Materials not Supplied ............................................................................................ 4-3

4.4.1 Installation Materials Required but not Supplied ............................................................... 4-3

4.5 Special Tools Required .............................................................................................................. 4-3

4.6 Coaxial Cable Installation .......................................................................................................... 4-4

4.7 Equipment Mounting ................................................................................................................. 4-6

4.7.1 Unit Replacement ............................................................................................................... 4-6

4.8 Antenna Installation and Connections ....................................................................................... 4-6

Page ii GDL 88 TSO Installation Manual
Rev. A 190-01122-00

5 CONNECTOR PINOUT INFORMATION ....................................................................................... 5-1

5.1 Pin Function List ........................................................................................................................ 5-1

5.1.1 P881 Connector .................................................................................................................. 5-1

5.2 Power and Antennas................................................................................................................... 5-3

5.2.1 Power ................................................................................................................................. 5-3

5.2.2 Antennas ............................................................................................................................ 5-3

6 POST INSTALLATION CONFIGURATION AND CHECKOUT PROCEDURES ....................... 6-4

7 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE ........................................................................................................... 7-1

7.1 Equipment Calibration ............................................................................................................... 7-1

7.2 Cleaning ..................................................................................................................................... 7-1

7.3 Battery Replacement .................................................................................................................. 7-1

Appendix A ENVIRONMENTAL QUALIFICATION FORM ............................................................ A-1

Appendix B GDL 88 DATA FORMAT ................................................................................................ B-2

Appendix C MECHANICAL DRAWINGS ......................................................................................... C-5

Appendix D INTERCONNECT DIAGRAMS ...................................................................................... D-6

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 3-1. GPS Antenna Installation Considerations .............................................................................. 3-4

Figure 4-1. Coaxial Cable Installation ...................................................................................................... 4-4

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1-1. GDL 88 Units .......................................................................................................................... 1-1

Table 1-2. Approved GPS/SBAS Antennas .............................................................................................. 1-5

Table 1-3. TSO Authorization .................................................................................................................. 1-7

Table 1-4. Non-TSO Functions ................................................................................................................. 1-8

Table 1-5. System Functions ..................................................................................................................... 1-8

Table 4-1. Catalog Part Numbers .............................................................................................................. 4-1

Table 4-2. Standard Kit Accessories ......................................................................................................... 4-1

Table 4-3. Recommended Crimp Tools (or Equivalent) ........................................................................... 4-3

GDL 88 TSO Installation Manual Page iii
190-01122-00 Rev. A

Mod Level

Service Bulletin Number

Service Bulletin Date

Purpose Of Modification

GDL 88 MOD LEVEL HISTORY

The following table identifies hardware modification (Mod) Levels for the GDL 88, GDL 88D,
GDL 88 with GPS/SBAS and GDL 88D with GPS/SBAS. Mod Levels are listed with the associated
service bulletin number, service bulletin date, and the purpose of the modification. The table is current at
the time of publication of this manual (see date on front cover) and is subject to change without notice.
Authorized Garmin Sales and Service Centers are encouraged to access the most up-to-date bulletin and
advisory information on the Garmin Dealer Resource web site at www.garmin.com using their Garmin­provided user name and password.

Page iv GDL 88 TSO Installation Manual
Rev. A 190-01122-00

1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION

Model

Part Number

GDL 88

010-00859-00

GDL 88 with GPS/SBAS

010-00860-00

GDL 88D

010-00861-00

GDL 88D with GPS/SBAS

010-00862-00

1.1 Introduction

This manual is applicable for GDL 88 units with software version 2.00 or later. This manual describes the
physical, mechanical, and electrical characteristics, as well as instructions and other conditions and
limitations for installation and approval of the GDL units. Refer to Section 2, Limitations, for additional
information and other considerations.

NOTE

Except where specifically notes, references made to GDL 88 will equally apply to
GDL 88 with GPS/SBAS, GDL 88D, and GDL 88D with GPS/SBAS units.

Table 1-1. GDL 88 Units

1.2 Equipment Description

The GDL 88 is a remote-mounted product that contains a 978 MHz Universal Transceiver (UAT) and a
1090 MHz receiver. The GDL 88 will transmit ownship ADS-B data via the UAT data link. It will receive
data from other UAT and 1090ES equipped aircraft, as well as Flight Information Service Broadcast
(FIS-B) weather. The received data may be output to an appropriate display.

The GDL 88 Series consist of four variations:

GDL 88
GDL 88, with an internal GPS/SBAS receiver
GDL 88D with dual antenna diversity
GDL 88D, with dual antenna diversity and an internal GPS/SBAS receiver

GDL 88 TSO Installation Manual Page 1-1
190-01122-00 Rev. A

Characteristics

Specifications

Height

Width

Depth (Installed with rack and connectors)

GDL 88 Weight (Unit only)

GDL 88 Weight (Installed with rack)

GDL 88 with GPS/SBAS Weight (Installed with rack)

GDL 88D Weight (Unit only)

GDL 88D Weight (Installed with rack)

GDL 88D with GPS/SBAS Weight (Unit Only)

GDL 88D with GPS/SBAS Weight (Installed with rack)

Characteristics

Specifications

Operating Temperature Range

-45°C to +70°C For more details see
Environmental Qualification Form on the
Dealers Only page on www.garmin.com. See
Appendix A for part numbers.

Humidity

95% at 65°C

Altitude Range

50,000 ft (maximum)

Input Voltage Range

9 to 33 VDC

External Cooling

External fan incorporated into GDL 88
backplate is required.

Environmental Testing

See Environmental Qualification Form on the
Dealers Only page on www.garmin.com. See
Appendix A for part numbers.

1.3 Technical Specifications

1.3.1 Physical Characteristics

Table 1-2. Physical Characteristics – GDL 88 Units

1.3.2 General Specifications

Table 1-3. General Specifications - GDL 88 Units

Page 1-2 GDL 88 TSO Installation Manual
Rev. A 190-01122-00

1.3.3 GPS/SBAS Specifications

Characteristics

Specifications

Number Of Channels

15 (12 GPS and 3 SBAS)

Frequency

1575.42 MHz L1, C/A code

Sensitivity
(Acquisition, No Interference)

-134.5 dBm GPS

-135.5 dBm WAAS

Sensitivity (Drop Lock)

-144 dBm

Dynamic Range

> 20 dB

Lat/Lon Position Accuracy

<1.25 meter RMS horizontal, <2 meter vertical, with WAAS

Velocity

1000 knots maximum (above 60,000 ft)

TTFF (Time To First Fix)

1:45 min. typical with current almanac, position, and time

Reacquisition

10 seconds typical

Position Update Interval

0.2 sec (5 Hz)

1 PPS (Pulse Per Second)

275 Nsec of UTC second

Datum

WGS-84

SATCOM Compatibility

SATCOM compatibility is dependent upon antenna selection.

Antenna Power Supply

35 mA typical, 40 mA max at 4.7 VDC

Characteristics

Specifications

Frequency

978.00 MHz

Transmit Power

50 W (+47 dBm)

Frequency Tolerance

+ 20 PPM

Modulation

Continuous Phase FSK, h = 0.6, Raised Cosine shaping, a = 0.5

Data Rate

1.04 Mbps

99% Power Bandwidth

1.3 MHz

60 dB Bandwidth

3.3 MHz (estimated)

Receiver Sensitivity

-96 dBm for 90% MSR

Table 1-4. GPS/SBAS Specifications – GDL 88 and GDL 88D with GPS/SBAS

1.3.4 978 MHz UAT Transceiver Specifications

Table 1-5. UAT Transceiver Specifications

GDL 88 TSO Installation Manual Page 1-3
190-01122-00 Rev. A

Characteristics

Specifications

Frequency

1030 MHz

Transmit Power

-29 dBm

Frequency Tolerance

+ 20 kHz

Characteristics

Specifications

Frequency

1090 MHz

Frequency Tolerance

+ 1 MHz

Modulation

Binary Pulse-Position

Data Rate

1 Mbps

Sensitivity

-82 dBm for 90% MSR

1.3.5 1030 MHz Transmitter Specifications

Table 1-6. Transmitter Specifications

1.3.6 1090 MHz Receiver Specifications

Table 1-7. Receiver Specifications

Page 1-4 GDL 88 TSO Installation Manual
Rev. A 190-01122-00

1.3.7 UAT/1090 Requirements

Model/Description

Conn Type

Mfr

Part Number

Garmin

Order

Number

GA 35, GPS/WAAS

[1]

TNC

Garmin

013-00235-( )

013-00235-( )

Aero Antenna

AT575-93G( )-TNCF-000-RG-27-NM

GA 36, GPS/WAAS

TNC

Garmin

013-00244-( )

013-00244-( )

Aero Antenna

AT575-126G( )-TNCF-000-RG-27-NM

GA 37, GPS/WAAS/XM

TNC

Garmin

013-00245-( )

013-00245-( )

Aero Antenna

AT2300-126G( )-TNCF-000-RG-27-NM

A33W, WAAS Antenna

TNC

Garmin

013-00261-( )

013-00261-( )

Aero Antenna

AT575-332G( )- TNCF-000-RG-27-NM

GPS/VHF Antenna

TNC/BNC

[2]

Comant

CI-2580-200

N/A

GPS/VHF Antenna

TNC/BNC

[2]

Comant

CI-2728-200

N/A

GPS/XM/VHF Antenna

TNC/TNC/BNC

[3]

Comant

CI-2580-410

N/A

GPS/XM/VHF Antenna

TNC/TNC/BNC

[3]

Comant

CI-2728-410

N/A

GPS/WAAS Antenna

TNC

Comant

CI-428-200

N/A

GPS/XM Antenna

TNC/TNC

Comant

CI-428-410

N/A

The GDL 88 requires UHF antenna(s) meeting the following specifications:

Vertically polarized
The VSWR produced by the antenna does not exceed 1.7:1 at 978 MHz and 1.5:1 at 1090 MHz.
TSO-C66, TSO-C74, or TSO-C112 antennas that also meet the VSWR specification.

NOTE

Certain types of transponder antennas that utilize very thin radiator elements are only
intended for use at 1030 and 1090 MHz. These types of antennas should be evaluated on
a model-by-model basis to determine their suitability as UAT data link antennas.

CAUTION

Operating the GDL 88 without RF terminations on the top or bottom UAT antenna ports
can result in equipment damage. Always operate the GDL 88 with the top and bottom
UAT antenna ports terminated with a VSWR ration of 3.0:1 or less.

1.3.8 GPS Antenna Requirements

Antenna performance is critical to the GPS/SBAS operation. The antennas listed in Table 1-8 provide
acceptable performance with the GDL 88.

Table 1-8. Approved GPS/SBAS Antennas

[1] Same mounting hole pattern as GA 56, but GA 35 antenna has a physically larger footprint.
[2] The antenna connector is a TNC type. The VHF connector is a BNC type.
[3] The antenna connector is a TNC type. The XM connector is a TNC type. The VHF connector is a

BNC type.

GDL 88 TSO Installation Manual Page 1-5
190-01122-00 Rev. A

1.4 License Requirements

The Telecommunications Act of 1996, effective February 8, 1996, provides the FCC discretion to
eliminate radio station license requirements for aircraft and ships. The GTN 750 installations must
comply with current transmitter licensing requirements. In the US, to find out the specific details on
whether a particular installation is exempt from licensing, please visit the FCC web site
http://wireless.fcc.gov/aviation. If an aircraft license is required, make application for a license on FCC
form 404, Application for Aircraft Radio Station License. The FCC also has a fax-on-demand service to
provide forms by fax. Outside the US, contact the responsible telecommunication authority. The
GTN 750 owner accepts all responsibility for obtaining the proper licensing before using the transceiver.
The maximum transmitting power, modulation identification, and frequency band information may be
required for licensing and are detailed in Section 1.4.4.

CAUTION

The VHF transmitter in this equipment is guaranteed to meet Federal Communications
Commission acceptance over the operating temperature range. Modifications not
expressly approved by Garmin could invalidate the license and make it unlawful to
operate the equipment.

NOTE

Canadian installations are required to meet Industry Canada specifications for maximum
radiation as documented in Radio Specifications Standard 102 (RSS-102). For more
information about RF exposure and related Canadian regulatory compliance, contact:

Manager, Radio Equipment Standards
Industry Canada
365 Laurier Avenue
Ottawa, Ontario
K1A 0C8

In accordance with Canadian Radio Specifications Standard 102 (RSS 102), RF field
strength exposure to persons from an antenna connected to this device should be limited
to 60V/m for controlled environment and 28 V/m for uncontrolled environment.

Page 1-6 GDL 88 TSO Installation Manual
Rev. A 190-01122-00