Furuno FMD-8010 User Manual

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RADAR REMOTE DISPLAY

MODEL

FMD-8010

SAFETY INFORMATION

"DANGER", "WARNING" and "CAUTION" notices appear throughout this manual. It is the responsibility of the operator of the equipment to read, understand and follow these notices. If you have any questions regarding these safety instructions, please contact a FURUNO agent or dealer .

This notice indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not

DANGER

WARNING

avoided, will result in death or serious injury.

This notice indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.

DANGER

CAUTION

This notice indicates an unsafe practice which, if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury, or property damage.

iiiiiiii

DANGER

WARNING

This equipment uses high voltage electricity which can shock, burn or cause death.

Only qualified personnel should work inside the enclosures.

Do not diassemble or modify the equipment.

Fire, electrical shock or serious injury can result.

CAUTION

Immediately turn off the power whenever you feel the equipment is abnormal.

Continued use can cause equipment damage.

Keep magnets and magnetic fields (speaker, transformer, etc.) way from the equipment.

Turn off the power at the mains switchboard if metallic object or liquid falls into the equipment.

Continued use can result in electrical shock or fire.

Use the correct fuse. Use of the wrong fuse can cause

fire or electrical shock.

Ensure no water splash or rain leaks into the equipment.

Water in the equipment can result in fire or electrical shock.

Turn off the power at the mains switchboard if the unit is emitting smoke or fire.

Continued use can result in fire or electrical shock.

Do not place liquid-filled containers on the top of the equipment.

Fire or electrical shock can result if a liquid leaks into the equipment.

Keep heaters away from the equipment.

Magnets and magnetic fields can cause equipment malfunction.

Heat can melt the power cord, which can result in fire or electrical shock.

FOREWORD.......................................................................................................................................v

CONFIGURATION OF FMD-8010...................................................................................................vi

SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................................................................................vii

EQUIPMENT LISTS ...................................................................................................................... viii

Chapter 1 OPERATION

Control Description ......................................................................................................................... 1-1

Display Indications .......................................................................................................................... 1-2

1.1 Turning the Power On/Off ......................................................................................................... 1-4

1.2 Displaying Picture/Stand-by ...................................................................................................... 1-4

1.3 Selecting Range ......................................................................................................................... 1-4

1.4 Presentation Mode ..................................................................................................................... 1-5

1.5 Menu Overview ......................................................................................................................... 1-7

1.6 Adjusting Sensitivity................................................................................................................ 1-10

1.7 Adjusting Picture Brilliance..................................................................................................... 1-10

1.8 Adjusting Brilliance of Control Panel and Markers................................................................. 1-10

1.9 Adjusting Range Ring Brilliance ............................................................................................. 1-10

1.10 Suppressing Sea Clutter..........................................................................................................1-11

1.11 Suppressing Rain Clutter ........................................................................................................1-11

1.12 The Heading and North Markers ........................................................................................... 1-12

1.13 Measuring the Range ............................................................................................................. 1-12

1.14 Measuring Bearing ................................................................................................................ 1-13

1.15 Collision Assessment by the Offset EBL............................................................................... 1-13

1.16 Measuring Range and Bearing Between Two Targets ........................................................... 1-14

1.17 Index Lines ............................................................................................................................ 1-14

1.18 Off-centering the Picture ....................................................................................................... 1-15

1.19 Zoom...................................................................................................................................... 1-15

1.20 Inscribing Marks on the Display............................................................................................ 1-15

1.21 The FUNCTION key ............................................................................................................. 1-16

1.22 Own Ship Speed .................................................................................................................... 1-17

1.23 Ship’s Graphic ....................................................................................................................... 1-17

1.24 Interference Rejector ............................................................................................................. 1-17

1.25 Echo Trails............................................................................................................................. 1-18

1.26 Electronic Plotting (E-plot).................................................................................................... 1-19

1.27 Setting a Guard Alarm Zone .................................................................................................. 1-21

1.28 Watch Alarm .......................................................................................................................... 1-23

1.29 Echo Average......................................................................................................................... 1-23

1.30 Suppressing Second-Trace Echoes ........................................................................................ 1-24

1.31 Echo Stretch........................................................................................................................... 1-24

1.32 Noise Rejection...................................................................................................................... 1-25

1.33 Waypoint Display .................................................................................................................. 1-25

1.34 Outputting Cursor Position (TLL data) ................................................................................. 1-25

1.35 Selecting Unit of Range Measurement, Bearing Reference .................................................. 1-26

1.36 Alarm Output Signal On/Off ................................................................................................. 1-26

iii

Chapter 2 MAINTENANCE

2.1 Periodic Maintenance Schedule................................................................................................. 2-1

2.2 Diagnostic Test ......................................................................................................................... 2-2

2.3 Replacing the Fuse..................................................................................................................... 2-2

Chapter 3 INSTALLA TION

3.1 Mounting the Display Unit ........................................................................................................ 3-1

3.2 Wiring ........................................................................................................................................ 3-2

3.3 External signal Input/Output...................................................................................................... 3-3

3.4 Changing Power specifications.................................................................................................. 3-8

3.5 Adjustment................................................................................................................................. 3-8

OUTLINE DRAWING ....................................................................................................................D-1

INTERCONNECTION DIAGRAM ............................................................................................... S-1

FOREWORD

Features

The FMD-8010 has a large variety of functions, all contained in a rugged case.

A Word to FMD-8010 Owners

FURUNO Electric Company thanks you for purchasing the FMD-8010 Remote Display. We are confident you will discover why the FURUNO name has become synonymous with quality and reliability.

For over 40 years FURUNO Electric Company has enjoyed an enviable reputation for quality and reliability throughout the world. This dedication to excellence is furthered by our extensive global network of agents and dealers.

Your remote display is designed and constructed to meet the rigorous demands of the marine environment. However, no machine can perform its intended function unless properly installed and maintained. Please carefully read and follow the installation and maintenance procedures set forth in this manual.

We would appreciate feedback from you, the end-user, about whether we are achieving our purposes.

Thank you for considering and purchasing FURUNO.

All controls respond immediately to the operator’s command and each time a key is pressed, the corresponding change can be seen on the screen immediately.

• High definition 12-inch raster-scan display .

• Eight levels of target quantization for high target definition.

• On-screen alphanumeric readout of all operational information including ship’s position and speed.

• Unique function key automatically sets up for optimum performance with environments and targets.

• Automatic suppression of sea and rain clutter .

• Echo trails to assess targets’ speeds and courses.

• Presentation modes: Head-up, Course-up, North-up and True Motion.

• Aural alarm alerts when targets enter (or exit) an area.

• Floating EBL provides measurements of range and bearing between two targets.

• Waypoint data from external navigator.

• Dual VRMs and EBLs.

CONFIGURATION OF FMD-8010

MAIN RADAR

FMD-8010

NMEA 0183*

NAV Video Sounder

Log

Fluxgate Heading

Sensor C-2000

Gyro

*Equivalent to IEC1162

(In/Out)

NMEA 0183*

(In)

Gyro Converter

AD-100

Option

External Alarm Buzzar OP03-21

Auto Plotter

ARP-15

(Built-in)

Video Plotter

RP-15

(Built-in)

Rectifier RU-1746B-2

15 m

12/24-32 VDC 115/230 VAC

SPECIFICATIONS

Display Unit

Picture tube 12-inch rectangular green phosphor CRT, 640(H) x 481(V) dots

Effective display diameter 180 mm

Range (nm), Range ring interval (nm), Number of range rings

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Environmental Conditions

Standards IEC 945 Ambient temperature Antenna unit: -25°C to +70°C

Display unit: -15°C to +55°C

Humidity Relative humidity 95% at +40°C

Power Supply and Power Consumption

12 V, 24 V, 32 VDC, or 100 V, 110 V, 115 V, 220 V, 230 VAC, 50/60 Hz, 1ø (rectifier required), 75 W

Others

Nav Data Input/Output Input (IEC 1162*) - - GP, LC, or any talker

BWC, DTP, GLL, GLC, HDG, MDA, RMA, RMB, RMC, VTG, DBK, DBS, DBT, GTD, HDM, HDT, MTW, BWR, VHW, ZDA AD-100 format heading data Output (IEC 1162) TLL, RSD, and TTM (w/ARP) *:IEC 1162 is equivalent to NMEA0183, V2.0

Coating color Display unit housing: 2.5GY5/1.5 (light gray)

Panel: N3.0 (black)

Compass safe distance Standard compass : 1.3 m

Steering compass : 1.0 m

vii

EQUIPMENT LISTS

Standard Set

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Optional Equipment

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01retlifIME00550-30PF099-654-800 11snel/wdooH021-30PO088-144-800 21retrevnocDA001-DA

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044-030-000CAV032

Spare Parts

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viii

Chapter 1 OPERATION

Control Description

Turns power on.

Press together to turn

Toggles between

stand-by and display.

Presentation mode

Sets up for

required objective.

power off.

POWER

OFF

ST BY

MODE

FUNCTION

GAIN

HM OFF (PUSH)

A/C SEA

A/C AUTO (PUSH)

A/C RAIN

MARK (PUSH)

BRILL

RINGS (PUSH)

GAIN: Adjusts receiver sensitivity. Press to erase heading marker; enable manual tuning of the receiver.

A/C SEA: Suppresses sea clutter. Press for AUTO Anti-clutter Sea and Rain.

A/C RAIN: Suppresses rain clutter. Press to inscribe a reference mark (*).

BRILL: Adjusts display brilliance. Press to turn range rings on/off and adjust their brilliance.

alarms (except guard alarm).

Silences aural

Short press: Offcenter

Long press: Zoom-in

Each press processes index lines;

linked with EBL2/VRM2 / fixed / OFF.

Turns an EBL off.

Turns a VRM off.

Registers data on menu;

selects menu item.

Selects plotting

symbol.

EBL

VRM

(

TLL)

AUDIO

OFF

SHIFT ZOOM

INDEX

LINE

OFF

ENTER

SELECT

PLOT

SYMBOL

RANGE

EBL 1/2

VRM 1/2

GUARD

ALARM

ECHO TRAIL

CURSOR

OFFSET

CLEAR

DELETE

Selects range.

Sets/cancels guard alarm zone; silences guard zone alarm.

Target trails ON/OFF.

Each press processes offset EBL; linked with cursor / fixed / OFF.

Selects EBL to activate.

Selects VRM to activate.

Opens/closes menu.

Clears wrong data; deletes plot symbols and marks.

Rotates EBL; selects items on menu.

Adjusts VRM; outputs cursor position (TL/L) to external equipment; selects items on menu.

Figure 1-1 Control description

TRACKBALL Shifts cursor and No.1 EBL origin.

1–1

Display Indications

Range ring interval

Range

ZOOM (or SHIFT)

Presentation mode

Heading marker

Guard zone

area

No.1 EBL

No.1 VRM

Heading (gyro or

magnetic)

0.25

0.05 ZOOM

HDG 123.4°

Speed (MANUAL, LOG or NAV)

SPEED MANUAL 30.0kt

TRU TRAIL

00:45

30M GUARD1 GUARD2

Echo trail (TRU/REL) Elapsed time, trail interval

Guard zone 1 (active alarm is circumscribed)

Guard zone 2 IN (guard zone type), SET

(set alarm), or ACK (alarm temporarily deactivated)

No.2 EBL

Waypoint marker

Range rings

Cursor

Auto clutter suppression

Function in use

(F3, Long range

Echo Stretch)

No.1 EBL bearing

(readout of active EBL

is circumscribed)

No.2 EBL bearing

A/C F3 L-ES

345.6°R

23.0°R 29:59

Watch alarm elapsed time

EBL

105.0°R 00.74nm

Cursor bearing

Cursor range

VRM

TTG 12:34

Figure 1-2 Display indications

IR2

ES1

EAV1

0.080nm

0.220nm

No.2 VRM

Noise Rejection Interference Rejection Echo Stretch Echo Averaging

No.1 VRM range (readout of active VRM is circumscribed)

No.2 VRM range

Time-to-go

1–2

A/C F3 L-ES

18.0°T

290.0°R 99:99

TIME

EBL

TRUE VECTOR

30MIN 01:28

93.7°R 13.82nm

332.7°T

BRG RNG

12.5nm

CPA

8.89nm

VRM

TTG

COURSE SPEED TCPA

NR IR2 ES3 EAV1

1.829nm

10.87nm 12:34

198.5°T

92.8kt 05:11

Normal + PLOT

Select PLOT on DISP DATA menu.

PLOT Data

Normal + NAV

Select NAV on DISP DATA menu.

A/C F3 L-ES

18.0°T

290.0°R

OWN

39.46N

SHIP

135°

23.08E

COURSE

216.1°

DATE APR. 08 20:31

EBL

34°

99:99

A/C F3 L-ES

18.0°T

290.0°R

34°

OWN

39.46N

SHIP

135°

23.08E

COURSE

216.1°

DATE APR. 08 20:31

EBL

99:99

TRUE VECTOR

30MIN 01:28

TIME

(GPS)

93.7°R

13.82nm

°39.46N

135

°23.08E

TTG

12:35

93.7°R

13.82nm

°39.46N

135

°23.08E

TTG

12:35

BRG

332.7°T

RNG

12.5nm

CPA

8.89nm

VRM

WAY POINT

TTG

DEPTH TEMP

VRM

WAY POINT

TTG

DEPTH TEMP

COURSE SPEED TCPA

NR IR2 ES3 EAV1

1.829nm

10.87nm

321.6°

18.23nm 35:42

265.2m

23.5°C

NR IR2 ES3 EAV1

1.829nm

10.87nm

321.6°

18.23nm 35:42

265.2m

23.5°C

198.5°T

92.8kt 05:11

NAV Data (Requires position, depth and water temperature data.)

NORMAL + NAV + PLOT

Select ALL on DISP DATA menu.

NAV Data

PLOT Data

Figure 1-3 Display indications (lower part)

1–3

1.1 Turning the Power On/Off

1.3 Selecting Range

Turning on

Press the POWER key. The control panel lights and a beep sounds.

Turning off

Press POWER and ST-BY/TX keys together.

1.2 Displaying Picture / Stand-by

Displaying picture

After the power is turned on, ST-BY(Stand-By) appears at the screen center.

Press the ST-BY/TX key to display echoes. This unit displays echoes in eight intensities according to echo strength.

Note: "BRG SIG MISSING" may momentarily appear when the ST-BY/TX key is pressed just after the display of ST-BY at power-up. This is normal.

The range selected automatically determines the range ring interval and the number of range rings, for optimal detection capability in short to long ranges.

Range

Range ring

interval

0.75NM

0.25

Range rings

Figure 1-4 Location of range,

range ring interval

Procedure

Press the RANGE key at + or –. The range, range ring interval appears at the top left corner of the display.

Stand-by

When you won’t be using the display monitor for an extended period, but you want to keep it in a state of readiness, place it in stand-by by pressing the ST BY/TX key . The display shows ST-BY .

Video lockup recovery

Video lockup or picture freeze, can occur unexpectedly on digital rasterscan radars. This is mainly caused by heavy spike noise in the power line, and can be noticed by carefully watching the nearly invisible sweep line. If you suspect that the picture is not updated every scan of the antenna or no key entry is accepted notwithstanding the apparently normal picture, turn the power off and on.

1–4

1.4 Presentation Mode

Loss of gyro signal

When the gyro signal is lost, the presentation mode automatically becomes Head-up and the HDG readout at the screen top shows xxx.x. The x's do not disappear even when the gyro signal is restored, to warn the operator that the readout may be unreliable. Match the gyro readout with the gyrocompass reading. Press the MODE key.

This display monitor has the following presentation modes:

Relative Motion (RM) Head-up: Unstabilized

Course-up: Compass-stabilized relative to

ship’ s intended course

North-up: Compass-stabilized with

reference to north

True Motion (TM)

Selecting presentation mode

Each time the MODE key is pressed, the presentation mode and mode indication at the upperleft corner of the screen change cyclically.

North-up: Ground or sea stabilized with

compass and speed inputs

Presentation mode, representative display

350

320

220

330

210

340

200

190

H E A D

310

300

290

280

270

260

250

240

230

000

180

010

170

020

160

030

150

040

050

060

070

080

090

100

110

120

130

140

Description

A display withouth azimuth stabilization in which the line connecting the center with the top of the display indicates own ship's heading.

The target pips are painted at their measured distances and in their directions relative to own ship's heading.

The short dashed line on the bearing scale is the north mark and it indicates compass north.

Failure of the gyro will remove the north marker and the HDG indication shows "xxx.x".

C O U R

350

340

330

320

310

300

290

280

270

260

250

240

230

220

210

200

190

180

170

020

160

030

150

000

010

040

140

130

050

120

060

070

110

080

100

090

An azimuth stabilized display in which a line connecting the center with the top of the display indicates own ship's intended course (namely, own ship's previous heading just before this mode has been selected).

Target pips are painted at their measured distances and in their directions relative to the intended course which is maintained at the 0-degree position while the heading marker moves in accordance with the ship's yawing and course changes. This mode is useful to avoid smearing of picture during course changes. After a course change, press the SHIFT ZOOM key to reset the picture orientation if you wish to continue using the Course-up mode.

If the gyrocompass fails, the presentation mode changes to the Head-up mode and the north marker disappears. Also, the HDG readout at the screen top shows xxx.x.

1–5

Presentation mode, representative display

350

320

220

320

220

210

330

210

330

200

340

200

340

190

350

190

N O R T H

T R U E

O T

O N

310

300

290

280

270

260

250

240

230

310

300

290

280

270

260

250

240

230

000

180

010

170

010

170

020

160

020

160

030

150

030

150

040

140

040

140

130

050

130

050

120

060

110

070

110

070

Description

080

090

100

080

090

100

Target pips are painted at their measured distances and in their true (compass) directions with reference to own ship, north being maintained at the top of the screen. The heading marker moves according to ship's heading.

If the gyro fails, the presentation mode changes to the Head-up mode and the north mark disappears. Also, the HDG readout at the screen top shows xxx.x.

Own ship and other moving objects move in accordance with their true courses and speeds. All fixed targets, such as landmasses, appear as stationary echoes.

When own ship reaches a point corresponding to 75% of the radius of the radar display, the sweep origin is automatically flipped (reset) to 50% radius opposite to the extension of the heading marker passing through the display center.

Sweep origin may also be reset automatically, in which case the sweep origin is automatically reset to 50% radius opposite on the extension of the heading marker passing through the display center.

If the gyrocompass fails, the presentation mode is changed to the Head-up mode and the north marker disappears. Also, the HDG readout at the screen top shows xxx.x.

1–6

Heading

marker

300

290

280

270

260

250

240

350

340

330

320

310

230

220

210

200

(a) True motion is selected

North

000 010

marker

020

030

040

050

060

070

080

090

100

110

120

130

140

150

160

170180190

320

310

300

290

280

270

260

250

240

230

220

000 010

350

340

330

210

200

020

030

040

050

060

070

080

090

100

110

120

130

140

150

160

170180190

(b) Own ship has reached a point 75% of display radius

Automatic resetting of sweep center in true motion mode

000 010

350

340

330

320

310

300

290

280

270

260

250

240

230

220

210

200

020

030

040

130

140

150

160

170180190

050

060

070

080

090

100

110

120

1.5 Menu Overview

TRAIL

Sel Item by VRM & hit ENT.

TIME CONT

MODE TRUE

TONE MULT

Current setting

15S 30S 1M 3M 6M 15M 30M CONT

Options of menu selected appear here.

Cursor

The MAIN menu, composed of nine menus, contains functions which normally do not require frequent adjustment in everyday operation.

2) Operate the VRM or EBL control to select a menu with the cursor and press the ENTER/ SELECT key. (You can also select menus by pressing key or control shown on the MAIN menu. In this case you need not press the ENTER/SELECT key.)

Basic menu operation

1) Press the MENU key to display the MAIN menu.

MAIN

Sel Item by VRM & hit ENT.

TRAIL

GUARD

PLOT

ECHO

TRAIL

GUARD ALARM

PLOT

SYMBOL

Cursor circumscribes current selection.

Figure 1-5 MAIN menu

MARK& DATA

FUNC3

ECHO SIG

You can select a menu by using the cursor or (in most cases) pressing appropriate key on the control panel. To select the PLOT menu, for example, select PLOT and press the press the

MARK

FUNCTION

A/C AUTO

ENTER/SELECT

PLOT SYMBOL

TIME ALM

BRILL

INITIAL

key or

key.

AUDIO

OFF

For example, select the TRAIL menu.

Figure 1-6 TRAIL menu

3) Select option (in far right-hand column) by operating the VRM or EBL control.

4) Press the ENTER/SELECT key to register selection.

5) Press the MENU key to close the menu.

Changing pages on the INITIAL menu

The initial menu has two pages: INITIAL1 and INITIAL2. You can switch between them as follows:

Previous page: Place the cursor on [↑] and press the ENTER/SELECT key.

Next page: Place the cursor on [↓] and press the ENTER/SELECT key.

1–7

Menu tree

TRAIL

GUARD AREA NO. (GUARD1, GUARD2)

PLOT

MARK & DATA

TIME (15S, 30S, 1M, 3M, 6M, 15M, 30M, CONT)

MODE (REL, TRUE)

TONE (SGL, MULT)

MODE (IN, OUT)

SYMBOL

ERASE

VEC REF (REL, TRUE)

VEC TIME (30S, 1M, 3M, 6M,15M, 30M)

TRACK (OFF, ON)

MK ERASE

MK MODE (REL, TRUE) DSP DATA (OFF, PLOT, NAV, ALL)

(

erase all plotting symbols

(

erase all fixed marks)

selection of plotting symbol

)

FUNC

ECHO SIG

FUNC SEL (S1, S2, S&M, L-ES, L-AC, ES, B1, B2)

ECHO AVG (OFF, 1, 2, 3)

INTRF (OFF, 1, 2, 3)

STRETCH (OFF, 1, 2)

A/C AUTO (OFF, ON) N REJ (OFF, ON)

P/L SEL (P/L1, P/L2)

ECHO AVG (OFF, 1, 2, 3)

INTRF (OFF, 1, 2, 3)

STRETCH (OFF, 1, 2)

N REJ (OFF, ON)

2ND ECHO (OFF, ON)

1–8

(Continued on next page.)

TIME ALM

TIME ALM (OFF, 3M, 6M, 12M, 15M, 20M)

TIME ALM OUT (OFF, ON)

BRILL

INITIAL

GUARD OUT (OFF, ON)

ARPA ALM OUT (OFF, ON)

PLOT ALM OUT (OFF, ON)

PANEL TRAIL

CHAR HDG MARK

VRM/ EBL

CURSOR PLOT

OS MARK

SPD MODE (MAN, LOG, NAV)

Turn on/off external output of alarms.

MAN SPD (00.0kt) INDEX (2PCS., 6PCS.)

STERN MK (OFF, ON)

SHP GRPH (OFF, ON)

NAV DATA

AUTO TUNE PRESET

↓

↑

NAV SEL (OFF, ALL, GPS, LC, DR, DEC) EXT WP (OFF, ON)

OS POSN (L/L, TD) TD = Time Difference

DEPTH (m, FA, ft) TEMP (°C,° F)

DATE (OFF, ON)

↑

CRSR BRG (REL, TRUE)

CRSR RNG (nm, km, sm) VRM1 RNG (nm, km, sm)

VRM2 RNG (nm, km, sm) EBL1 BRG (REL, TRUE) EBL2 BRG (REL, TRUE)

TEST INSTALL (for service technicians)

1–9

1.6 Adjusting Sensitivity

BRILL1

The GAIN control adjusts the sensitivity of the receiver and thus the intensity of echoes as they appear on the screen.

The proper setting is such that the background noise is just visible on the screen. If you set up for too little sensitivity, weak echoes may be missed. On the other hand excessive sensitivity yields too much background noise; strong targets may be missed because of the poor contrast between desired echoes and the background noise on the display.

To adjust receiver sensitivity, transmit on long range, and adjust the GAIN control so background noise is just visible on the screen.

1.7 Adjusting Picture Brilliance

The BRILL control adjusts the brilliance of the picture.

Sel Item by VRM & hit ENT.

PANEL

TRAIL

CHAR

Setting

HDG MARK

VRM/EBL

CURSOR

PLOT

OS MARK

Current level

Figure 1-7 BRILL menu

4) Select appropriate menu among the following and press the ENTER/SELECT key.

PANEL, TRAIL, CHAR, HDG MARK, VRM/EBL, CURSOR, PLOT, OS MARK

5) Operate the VRM or EBL control to set brilliance.

6) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

7) Press the MENU key.

1.8 Adjusting Brilliance of Control Panel and Markers

The brilliance of the control panel and markers can be adjusted on the BRILL menu. The heading marker is visible when set to zero.

1) Press the MENU key.

2) Select the BRILL menu.

3) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

1.9 Adjusting Range Ring

Brilliance

Push in the RINGS (PUSH) control to adjust range ring brilliance/turn the range rings on or off. Each pressing of the key adjusts the brilliance of the rings (in four levels) or turns them off.

1–10

1.10 Suppressing Sea Clutter

In rough weather conditions returns from the sea surface are received over several miles around own ship and mask nearby targets. This situation can be improved by properly using the automatic anti-clutter function and/or the A/C SEA control.

Automatic anti-clutter control

The easiest way to suppress the surface clutter is to use the automatic anti-clutter function. Press the A/C AUTO switch.

A common mistake is too over-adjust the A/C SEA control so that the surface clutter is completely removed. By rotating the control fully clockwise, you will see how dangerous this can be; a dark zone will be created near the center of the screen, causing a loss of close-in targets. This dark zone is even more dangerous if the gain has not been properly adjusted. Always leave a little surface clutter visible on the screen. If no clutter is observed (on very calm waters), set the control at the fully counterclockwise position.

1.11 Suppressing Rain Clutter

CAUTION

The auto A/C function can erase weak targets.

Manual anti-clutter control

From the fully counterclockwise position, slowly turn the A/C SEA control clockwise. For optimum target detection, leaves speckles of the surface return slightly visible.

Sea clutter at display center

A/C SEA control adjusted;

sea clutter suppressed

In adverse weather conditions, clouds, rain or snow produce a lot of spray-like spurious echoes and impairs target detection over a long distance. This situation can be improved by using a Function key that is so programmed. If the Function key fails to effectively suppress rain clutter, use the A/C RAIN control.

The A/C RAIN control adjusts the monitor sensitivity as the A/C SEA control does but rather in a longer time period (longer range). Clockwise rotation of this control increases the anti-clutter effect.

Appearance of rain clutter on the display

A/C RAIN control adjusted;

rain clutter suppressed

Figure 1-8 Effect of A/C SEA control

The anti-clutter sea facility is often referred to as STC (Sensitivity Time Control), which decreases the sensitivity, and progressively increases the sensitivity as the range increases.

If the control is set too low, tar gets will be hidden in the clutter, while if it is set too high, both sea clutter and targets will disappear from the display. In most cases adjust the control until clutter has disappeared to leeward, but a little is still visible windward.

Figure 1-9 Effect of A/C RAIN control

1–11

1.12 The Heading and North Markers

The heading marker indicates the ship's heading in all presentation modes. It appears at zero degrees on the bearing scale in the Head-up mode, in any direction depending on the ship orientation in North-up and True Motion modes. The north marker appears as a short dashed line. In the Head-up mode, the north marker moves around the bearing scale in accordance with the compass signal.

T o temporarily extinguish the heading marker to look at targets existing dead ahead of own ship, press the HM OFF (PUSH) control. The heading marker reappears when the key is released.

VRM

5.03nm

12.5nm

No.1 VRM No.2 VRM

Figure 1-10 Location of VRM readouts

2) Operate the VRM control to place the outside edge of the VRM on the inside edge of the target.

3) Check the VRM readout at the bottom right corner of the display to find the range to the target.

6.0NM

1.0

No.1 VRM

Target

1.13 Measuring the Range

There are three ways to measure the range to a target: by the range rings, by the cursor and by the VRM (Variable Range Marker).

Measuring range by the range rings

Use the range rings to obtain a rough estimate of the range to a target. They are concentric circles around own ship, or the sweep origin. The number of rings is automatically determined by the selected range scale and their interval is displayed at the upper-left position of the screen. Press the RINGS (PUSH) control to show the range rings if they are not displayed. Successive presses of the RINGS (PUSH) control gradually increase the brightness of the rings in four steps and a fifth press erases the rings.

No.2 VRM

VRM

5.0nm

4.0nm

No.1 VRM range No.2 VRM range

Figure 1-11 How to measure range by VRM

Erasing VRMs

1) If two VRMs are displayed, press the VRM ON key to circumscribe the VRM readout of the VRM you want to keep active.

2) Press the VRM OFF key. The VRM readout and its associated VRM are erased.

Note: You can select unit of range measurement

for the cursor and VRM on the INITIAL menu. For further details see 1.35 Selecting Unit of Range Measurement, Bearing Reference.

Measuring range by the cursor

Rotate the trackball to place the cursor on the inside edge of the target. The range to the cursor appears at the bottom of the display.

Measuring range by VRM

1) Press the VRM ON key to enable a VRM. Each pressing of the key enables the No.1 VRM or No.2 VRM alternately. The active marker’s readout is circumscribed.

1–12

1.14 Measuring Bearing

Measuring bearing by cursor

1.15 Collision Assessment by the Offset EBL

Rotate the trackball to set the cursor intersection on the center of the target. The bearing to the cursor intersection appears at the bottom of the display.

Measuring bearing by EBL

1) Press the EBL ON key to enable an EBL. Each pressing of the key enables the No.1 EBL or No.2 EBL alternately. The active marker’s readout is circumscribed.

2) Operate the EBL control to bisect the target with the EBL.

3) Check the EBL readout at the bottom left corner of the display.

No.1 EBL

Target

The origin of the No.1 EBL can be placed anywhere with the trackball to assess the risk of collision, as well as to measure the range and bearing between two targets.

1) Press the EBL ON key to turn on (or activate) the No.1 EBL.

2) Press the CURSOR OFFSET key.

3) Operate the trackball to place the No.1 EBL origin on the target.

4) Operate the EBL control to pass the No.1 EBL through the screen center.

You can anchor the EBL, to continue monitoring target’ s track, by pressing the CURSOR OFFSET key again. If the target tracks along the No.1 EBL toward the screen center, the possibility of collision exists.

No.1 EBL bearing No.2 EBL bearing

50.0°R

80.0°R

EBL

No.2 EBL

Figure 1-12 How to measure bearing by EBL

Note 1: You can display EBL bearing relative to

own ship (relative) or with reference to the north (True). For further details see 1.35 Selecting Unit of Range Measurement, Bearing Reference.

Note 2: Suffix "T" denotes true bearing (for gy-

rocompass input) and suffix "M" denotes magnetic bearing (magnetic compass input).

Erasing EBLs

1) If two EBLs are displayed, press the EBL ON key to circumscribe the EBL readout of the EBL you want to keep active.

No.1 EBL

Target (initial position)

70.0°R

No.1 EBL bearing

EBL

Figure 1-13 How to assess risk of collision

2) Press the EBL OFF key. The EBL readout and its associated EBL are erased.

1–13

Canceling the cursor offset

Press the CURSOR OFFSET key to return the No.1 EBL origin to the screen center . (Each pressing of the key links the offset EBL with the cursor, anchors the of fset EBL, or returns No.1 EBL origin to the screen center.)

1.16 Measuring Range and

1.17 Index Lines

The index lines are useful for maintaining a constant distance between own ship and a coastline or partner ship. They can be turned on/off by the INDEX LINE key . Each pressing of the key turns on the index lines (linked with No.2 EBL and No.2 VRM), anchors the index lines, or turns off the index lines.

Bearing Between Two T argets

The range and bearing between two targets, for example, targets A and B in Figure 1-14, can be measured by using the CURSOR OFFSET key.

1) Press the EBL ON key to turn on (or activate) the No.1 EBL.

2) Press the CURSOR OFFSET key.

3) Operate the trackball to place the No.1 EBL origin on target A.

4) Operate the EBL control to pass the No.1 EBL through target B.

5) Press the VRM ON key to turn on (or activate) the No.1 VRM.

6) Operate the VRM control to place the No.1 VRM on the inside edge of target B.

Range and bearing between the two targets appear in the cursor data window at the bottom of the display.

No.2 EBL

Index

lines

Figure 1-15 Index lines

Rotating the index lines

Activate the No.2 EBL and operate the EBL control.

Adjusting index lines intervals

Activate the No.2 VRM and operate the VRM control.

1–14

No.1 EBL

70.0°R

No.1 EBL No.1 VRM bearing range

EBL VRM

No.1 VRM

4.5NM

Figure 1-14 Measuring range and

bearing between two targets

Selecting number of index lines

The number of index lines can be selected to two or six on the INITIAL menu.

1) Press the MENU key.

2) Select the INITIAL menu and press the ENTER/SELECT key.

3) Select INDEX and press the ENTER/SELECT key .

4) Select 2PCS (or 6PCS).

5) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

6) Press the MENU key.

1.18 Off-centering the Picture

Your vessel’s position can be off-centered up to 75% of the range in use to view the situation around your vessel without changing the range or size of targets.

1) Operate the trackball to set cursor where desired.

2) Press the SHIFT ZOOM key. SHIFT appears at the top left corner of the display.

Cursor

1 Place cursor where desired.

2 Press SHIFT ZOOM key to zoom.

Figure 1-17 Zoom function

Note: Zoom is canceled when range or presenta-

tion mode is changed.

Canceling zoom

Cursor

1 Set cursor where desired.

Cursor

2 Press SHIFT ZOOM key to shift display.

Figure 1-16 Off-centering the picture

Note: The display cannot be off-centered on the

96 nm range. In True Motion, the SHIFT ZOOM key resets the OS position to a point of 50% radius opposite to the extension of the heading marker passing through the display center.

Canceling off-centered picture

Press the SHIFT ZOOM key again.

1.19 Zoom

The zoom feature allows you to double the size of the area between your vessel and any location within the current range to take a closer look at an area of interest.

1) Select location with the cursor.

Press the SHIFT ZOOM key again.

1.20 Inscribing Marks on the Display

The MARK (PUSH) control inscribes marks on the display. Each time the MARK (PUSH) control is pressed, an asterisk (*) appears at the cursor location. You can inscribe 20 marks on the display to denote important locations such as wrecks and fishing grounds, or mark radar targets when changing the range. When the memory for marks becomes full, the eldest mark is erased to make room for the latest.

Inscribing marks

Place the cursor on the location desired for a mark and press the MARK (PUSH) control.

Erasing marks

2) Press and hold down the SHIFT ZOOM key about two seconds. ZOOM appears at the top left corner when the zoom function is on.

Erasing individual marks

Place the cursor on the mark to erase and press the CLEAR/DELETE key.

1–15

Erasing all marks

Table 1-1 Eight available target objectives

1) Press the MENU key.

2) Select the MARK & DATA menu and press the ENTER/SELECT key.

3) Select MK ERASE.

4) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

5) Press the MENU key.

Mark bearing reference

You can display a mark with a relative bearing to own ship (relative) or with reference to the north (True).

1) Press the MENU key.

2) Select the MARK & DATA menu and press the ENTER/SELECT key.

3) Select MODE and press the ENTER/SELECT key .

4) Select REL (or TRUE).

5) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

6) Press the MENU key.

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1.21 The FUNCTION key

The FUNCTION key works similar to the automatic dialing feature on a telephone, playing back controls settings just as they were registered. Instead of manually adjusting controls to set up for navigation in a harbor, for example, you can have the FUNCTION key do it for you.

Presetting the FUNCTION key

Eight target objectives are available and you can assign three sets on the FUNC menu. The eight objectives available are outlined in the table which follows.

Procedure

1) Press the FUNCTION key to display function number to program (F1, F2, or F3).

2) Press the MENU key and select the FUNC menu.

3) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

FUNC

FUNC SEL (S1, S2, S&M, L-ES, L-AC, ES, B1, B2)

ECHO AVG (OFF, 1, 2, 3)

INTRF (OFF, 1, 2, 3)

STRETCH (OFF, 1, 2)

A/C AUTO (OFF, ON) N REJ (OFF, ON)

P/L SET

0.75~1.5NM: SP, M1P 3NM: SP, M1P, M2P 6NM: M1P, M2P, LP 12~24NM: M2P, LP

1–16

Figure 1-18 FUNC menu

5) Select FUNC SEL and press the ENTER/SELECT key .

6) Select target objective desired and press the ENTER/SELECT key.

7) Press the MENU key.

Note: Each target objective defines a combina-

tion of several radar settings for achieving optimum setup for that particular objective. Therefore, adjustment of radar settings through the FUNC menu is not necessary. If you accidentally change the settings, default settings can be restored by reselecting the target objective.

Turning on a function

Manual speed input

1) Press the MENU key.

2) Select the INITIAL menu and press the ENTER/SELECT key.

3) Select SPD MODE and press the ENTER/ SELECT key.

4) Select MANU.

5) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

6) Enter speed and press the ENTER/SELECT key.

7) Press the MENU key.

Press the FUNCTION key to display function number desired (at bottom left corner on the display.)

Note: When the main menu displays FUNC

KEY*, this means no function is active and the FUNCTION key is inoperative. To select a function, erase the menu and press the FUNCTION key.

1.22 Own Ship Speed

Ship’s speed can be entered manually or automatically (by speed log or radionav equipment). Own ship's speed is required for TM and display of vectors, E-plot, etc. The True Motion display works on a ship speed entered manually or automatically .

1.23 Ship’s Graphic

A graphic ( ) which depicts own ship can be displayed.

1) Press the MENU key.

2) Select the INITIAL menu.

3) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

4) Select SHP GRPH and press the ENTER/SELECT key .

5) Select ON (or OFF).

6) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

7) Press the MENU key.

1.24 Interference Rejector

Automatic speed input

1) Press the MENU key and select the INITIAL menu.

2) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

3) Select SPD MODE and press the ENTER/ SELECT key.

4) Select LOG or NAV and press the ENTER/ SELECT key.

6) Press the MENU key.

Note: If no speed is input for 3 minutes at below

0.1 knots, the radar regards this a log failure and

displays SYSTEM FAIL LOG.

Mutual radar interference may occur in the vicinity of another shipborne radar operating in the same frequency band (9 GHz). It is seen on the screen as a number of bright spikes either in irregular patterns or in the form of usually curved spoke-like dotted lines extending from the center to the edge of the picture. This type of interference can be reduced by activating the interference rejector circuit.

1–17

The interference rejector circuit is a kind of signal correlation circuit. It compares the received signals over successive transmissions and suppresses randomly occurring signals. There are three levels of interference rejection depending on the number of transmissions that are correlated. These are indicated by the legends IR1, IR2 and IR3 at the bottom right-hand position of the screen.

T o turn on or of f the interference rejector circuit;

1) Press the MENU key.

2) Select ECHO SIG and press the ENTER/SELECT key.

True motion trails require a gyrocompass signal and own ship speed input to cancel out own ship's movement and present true target movements in accordance with their over-the-ground speeds and courses (not heading). Refer to the automatic and manual speed input procedures for entering own ship's speed information.

3) Select INTRF and press the ENTER/SELECT key .

4) Select level of suppression desired (higher the number the greater the suppression) and press the ENTER/SELECT key.

5) Press the MENU key.

Figure 1-19 Radar interference

1.25 Echo Trails

True trails Relative trails

Figure 1-20 True and relative echo trails

Note: If the true trail is selected on the stabilized

RM (CU, NU), targets whose extensions hit own ship are not always on a collision course.

Starting echo trail

Press the ECHO TRAIL key to start the echo trail function. “REL (or TRU) TRAIL”, the echo trail time selected (on the TRAIL menu) and elapsed time appear at the top right-hand corner of the display . Then, afterglow starts extending from all targets.

Canceling echo trail

Press the ECHO TRAIL key to erase echo trails and echo trail indications.

Echo trails are simulated afterglow of target echoes that represent their movements relative to own ship or true movements with respect to land, in a single tone or gradual shading depending on the setting on the TRAIL menu.

True or relative trails

You may display echo trails in true or relative motion. Relative trails show relative movements between targets and own ship. In the true motion, the moving targets have trails according to their speeds, but stationary targets stay still.

1–18

Trail time

Trail time can be selected on the TRAIL menu.

1) Press the MENU key.

2) Select the TRAIL menu.

3) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

4) Select TIME and press the ENTER/SELECT key.

5) Select trail time among 15 seconds, 30 seconds, 1, 3, 6, 15, 30 min, or continuous (99 minutes 59 seconds).

6) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

2) Select the BRILL menu.

7) Press the MENU key.

Trail reference

Echo trails can be displayed relative to own ship (relative) or with reference to north (true).

1) Press the MENU key.

2) Select the TRAIL menu.

3) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

4) Select MODE and press the ENTER/SELECT key .

5) Select trail reference; true or relative.

6) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

7) Press the MENU key.

Trail gradation

Echo trails may be shown in monotone or gradual shading (multiple). Gradual shading paints the trails getting thinner with time just like the afterglow on an analog PPI radar.

Monotone trail

Multitone trail

Figure 1-21 Comparison of

trail gradation types

3) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

4) Select TRAIL and press the ENTER/SELECT key .

5) Operate the VRM or EBL control to adjust trail brilliance.

6) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

7) Press the MENU key.

1.26 Electronic Plotting (E-plot)

10 operator-selected targets can be plotted electronically to assess their motion trends. Five past positions are marked for each plotted target.

A vector appears as you enter a second plot for a target and is updated each time a new plot is entered for the target. The vector shows the target motion trend based on its latest two plots.

Alphanumeric readouts for last-plotted or selected target appear at the bottom of the display.

It should be noted that the vector and alphanumeric target data are not updated in real time, but only when you enter a new plot.

E-plot requires ship's speed input (automatic or manual) and a compass signal.

1) Press the MENU key.

2) Select the TRAIL menu.

3) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

4) Select TONE and press the ENTER/SELECT key .

5) Select SGL or MULT.

6) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

7) Press the MENU key.

Trail brilliance

Trail brilliance may be adjusted on the BRILL menu.

1) Press the MENU key.

When speed is input by a navigator, own ship moves in accordance with course; not heading.

Plotting a target

Before plotting a target, select PLOT or ALL on the MARK & DATA DSP menu.

1) Place the cursor on the target you want to plot, and press the PLOT SYMBOL key.

2) Watching the E-plot timer on the PLOT mode, wait at least 30 seconds. Place the cursor on the plot symbol and press the ENTER/SELECT key. The plot symbol of the target flashes.

3) While the plot symbol of the target is flash- ing, place the cursor on the target again and press the PLOT SYMBOL key. The plot symbol shifts to the new target position and the previous position is marked by a small dot.

1–19

Target data

0.25

0.05 ZOOM SP HU

Vector

A/C F3 L-ES

345.6°R

23.0°R

TIME

HDG 123.4°

EBL

REL VECTOR

12MIN 01:28

SPEED MANUAL 30.0kt

105.0°R 00.74nm

057.1°R

BRG

2.7nm

RNG

0.4nm

CPA

AUTO

Plot symbol

VRM

TTG

COURSE SPEED TCPA

GUARD1 GUARD2

Past position (max. 5)

0.080nm

0.220nm

12:34

231.0°R

7.5kt

22.2

IR2

ES1

EAV1

Place the cursor on the plotted target and press the ENTER/SELECT key . Vector reference, vector time, vector time elapsed, and selected target’ s bearing, course, speed, CPA and TCPA appear at bottom of the display.

In the head-up mode target bearing course and speed become true or relative depending on vector reference setting. In north-up, course-up and true motion the target data always shows true bearing, true course and speed over the ground.

True or relative vector

Target vectors can be displayed relative to own ship (relative) or with reference to the north (True). Current vector reference appears at the bottom of the display when the PLOT mode is active.

1) Press the MENU key.

2) Select the PLOT menu.

3) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

4) Select VEC REF and press the ENTER/SELECT key .

Plot data (for )

Figure 1-22 Plotting

Note: If a certain target once plotted is not plot-

ted again within 12 minutes, the plot symbol of the target flashes. If you want to continue plotting this target, reacquire it within one minute, otherwise the target will be regarded as a “lost target” and its plot symbol and target data will be erased. The larger the plotting interval, the less accurate the plotted target data. Plotting of each target should normally be made every 3 or 6 minutes as far as possible.

5) Select vector reference.

6) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

7) Press the MENU key.

Vector time

A vector extends from plotted targets to show projected position of target at elapse of vector time. The vector is useful for evaluating risk of collision. Current vector time appears at the bottom of the display when the PLOT mode is active.

1) Press the MENU key.

2) Select the PLOT menu.

3) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

4) Select VEC TIME and press the ENTER/SELECT key .

5) Select vector time.

1–20

6) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

7) Press the MENU key.

Turning past position display on/off

1.27 Setting a Guard Alarm

The plots the latest five past positions of a plotted target by dots. You can show or hide the dots.

1) Press the MENU key.

2) Select the PLOT menu.

3) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

4) Select TRACK and press the ENTER/SELECT key .

5) Select ON (or OFF).

6) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

7) Press the MENU key.

Canceling target plotting

Canceling individual target plotting

Place the cursor on the plot symbol and press the CLEAR/DELETE key.

Zone

The guard allows the operator to set the desired range and bearing for a guard zone. When ships, islands, landmasses, etc. violate the guard zone an aural alarm sounds and the offending target blinks to call the operator’s attention. Two areas can be set, zone 1 (short dashed line) and zone 2 (long dashed line), and one may be active.

CAUTION

• The alarm should not be relied upon as the sole means for detecting possible collision situations.

• A/C SEA, A/C RAIN and GAIN controls should be properly adjusted to be sure the alarm system does not overlook target echoes.

Canceling all target plotting

1) Press the MENU key.

2) Select the PLOT menu.

3) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

4) Select ERASE and press the ENTER/SELECT key .

5) Press the MENU key.

Selecting guard zone type

The guard alarm can be set to sound when a target either enters (or exits) the guard zone. You can select which type of guard alarm you want to use through the GUARD menu.

In alarm: The alarm sounds on targets entering the guard zone. (IN) appears at the top right-hand corner when the In alarm is selected.

Out alarm: The alarm sounds on targets exiting the guard zone. (OUT) appears at the top right-hand corner when the Out alarm is selected.

Dashed line: no alarm

Guard zone

IN ALARM OUT ALARM

Figure 1-23 In and out alarms

1–21

1) Press the MENU key.

2) Select the GUARD menu.

3) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

4) Select MODE and press the ENTER/SELECT key .

5) Select IN (or OUT).

6) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

7) Press the MENU key.

Activating the guard zones

T wo guard zones may be set and one of them may be active. Select the guard zone to make active on the GUARD menu.

Guard zone to set

A B

(1)

GUARD1 IN

(4)

Guard zone

D C

Set cursor on point A (or B) and press GUARD ALARM.

(or OUT)

Press

GUARD ALARM.

(or GUARD2)

GUARD1 SET

(2)

(or GUARD2)(or GUARD2)

GUARD1 SET

Set cursor on point C (or D).

(3)

1) Press the MENU key.

2) Select the GUARD menu.

3) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

4) Select AREA NO. and press the ENTER/SELECT key.

5) Select guard zone to make active; GUARD1 (or GUARD2).

6) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

7) Press the MENU key.

Setting a guard zone

1) Referring to (1) in Figure 1-24, operate the trackball to place the cursor at point A or B.

2) Press the GUARD ALARM key . GUARD1 (or GUARD2) SET appears at the top right corner on the display. See Figure 1-24 (2).

3) Operate the trackball to place the cursor at point C or D. See Figure 1-24 (3). GUARD1 (or GUARD2) IN (or OUT) appears.

4) Press the GUARD ALARM key.

Figure 1-24 How to set the guard alarm

Note: When the radar range is less than one half

of the guard zone range, the guard zone disappears and the indication of active guard zone (GUARD1 or GUARD2) appears in highlighted video. If this happens, raise the range to re-display the guard zone.

Silencing the aural alarm

When a target violates the guard zone, the target flashes and the aural alarm sounds. You can silence the aural alarm by pressing the GUARD ALARM key. When this is done, ACK replaces IN (or OUT). This means the aural alarm is temporarily deactivated; but, the target still flashes. Press the key again to reactivate the alarm.

Canceling the guard zone and guard alarm

Press and hold down the GUARD ALARM key about two seconds until the guard zone disappears.

1–22

1.28 Watch Alarm

The watch alarm works like an alarm clock, sounding an aural alarm and blinking a visual indication “T ALM” at the predetermined time interval. When the alarm sounds, you can silence it by pressing the AUDIO OFF key.

How to turn on echo averaging

To properly use the echo average feature, first properly suppress sea clutter with the A/C SEA control and then select echo average function as follows;

1) Press the MENU key.

You can select time interval (3 min, 6 min, 12 min, 15 min, or 20 min) on the TIME ALM menu.

1) Press the MENU key.

2) Select the TIME ALM menu.

3) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

4) Select TIME ALM and press the ENTER/SELECT key .

5) Select time interval (or OFF).

6) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

7) Press the MENU key.

1.29 Echo Average

The echo average feature effectively suppresses sea clutter and other random noise. Echoes received from stable targets such as ships (if not moving at high speeds) appear on the screen at almost the same position every rotation of the antenna. On the other hand, unstable echoes such as sea clutter appear at random positions.

2) Select the ECHO SIG menu.

3) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

4) Select ECHO AVG and press the ENTER/SELECT key .

5) Select 1, 2, or 3.

1: Distinguishes targets from sea clutter and

suppresses brilliance of unstable echoes.

2: Distinguishes small stationary targets such

as navigation buoys.

3: Displays distant targets as stable echoes.

6) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

7) Press the MENU key.

a) Echo average OFF b) Echo average 1

To distinguish real tar get echoes from sea clutter, this radar performs scan-to-scan correlation. Correlation is made by storing and averaging echo signals over successive picture frames. If an echo is solid and stable, it is shown in its normal intensity. Sea clutter is averaged over successive scans and reduced in brightness. This makes it easier to discriminate real targets from sea clutter.

Figure 1-25 Echo average

CAUTION

Do not use the Echo Average feature under heavy pitching or rolling; loss of true targets can result.

1–23

Echo averaging uses scan-to-scan signal correla-

tion technique based on the true motion over the ground of each target. Thus, small stationary tar gets such as buoys will be shown while suppressing random echoes such as sea clutter . T rue echo average is not however effective for picking up small targets running at high speeds over the ground.

The echo average feature is inoperable when a heading signal is not available. If you wish to use this feature without a heading signal, system initialization is required. (Consult a FURUNO representative or dealer.)

Note: Echo averaging also requires ship's speed

information from a log or manual entry.

1.31 Echo Stretch

On long ranges target echoes tend to shrink in the bearing direction, making them difficult to see. On short and medium ranges such as 1.5, 3 and 6 nm range scales, the same sized targets get smaller on screen as they approach own ship. These are due to the inherent property of the radiation pattern produced by the antenna. To enhance target video, use the echo stretch feature.

Enlarged in range direction by ES 2

Enlarged by ES 1

1.30 Suppressing Second-Trace Echoes

In certain situations, echoes from very distant targets may appear as false echoes (second-track echoes) on the screen. This occurs when the return echo is received one transmission cycle later, namely, after a next radar pulse has been transmitted.

To suppress them, turn on 2ND ECHO on the ECHO SIG menu.

1) Press the MENU key.

2) Select the ECHO SIG menu.

3) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

4) Select 2ND ECHO and press the ENTER/SELECT key.

5) Select ON.

6) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

7) Press the MENU key.

If a target becomes

smaller as it approaches

own ship, use ES 1.

ECHO STRETCH 1 For stretching echoes near own ship

If a distant target

is hard to see,

use ES 2.

ECHO STRETCH 2 For stretching echoes nea perimeter of CRT

Figure 1-26 Echo stretch

1) Press the MENU key.

2) Select the ECHO SIG menu and press the ENTER/SELECT key.

3) Select STRETCH and press the ENTER/SELECT key .

4) Select 1 2, or OFF.

5) Press the ENTER/SELECT key followed by the MENU key.

Note 1: Echo stretch magnifies not only small

target pips but also returns from sea surface, rain and radar interference. For this reason, make sure that these types of interference have been sufficiently suppressed before activating the echo stretch feature.

1–24

Note 2: If the 1.5 nm range is preset for

pulselength SP (0.08 µs) or M2 (0.3 µs), and the 3 nm scale for M1 (0.3 µs), the echo stretch feature is not available on these range scales.

Note 3: Suppress sea clutter and noise before

activating echo stretch, since the echo stretch circuit stretches not only target echoes but also sea clutter and noise.

Note 4: Echo stretch 2 is not available with the

short pulse.

1.32 Noise Rejection

White noise can be suppressed by turning on N REJ on the ECHO SIG menu.

1) Press the MENU key.

0.25

0.05 ZOOM SP HU

HDG 123.4°

SPEED MANUAL 30.0kt

AUTO

TRU TRAIL

00:45

30M GUARD1 GUARD2

External waypoint marker

2) Select the ECHO SIG menu.

3) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

4) Select N REJ and press the ENTER/SELECT key .

5) Select ON.

6) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

7) Press the MENU key.

1.33 Waypoint Display

A waypoint selected on a radionav equipment can be displayed on the radar. This function requires a compass signal.

1) Press the MENU key.

2) Select the INITIAL menu.

12:34

NR IR2

ES1

EAV1

0.080nm

0.220nm

A/C F3 L-ES

345.6°R

23.0°R 29:59

EBL

105.0°R 00.74nm

VRM

TTG

Figure 1-27 Displaying an external waypoint

1.34 Outputting Cursor Position (TLL data)

Cursor position can be output to external equipment, in IEC 1162 format, by pressing the VRM (TLL) control. This function requires position data and a compass signal.

3) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

4) Select NAV DAT A and press the ENTER/SELECT key .

5) Select EXT WP and press the ENTER/SELECT key .

6) Select ON (or OFF).

7) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

8) Press the MENU key.

1–25

1.35 Selecting Unit of Range Measurement, Bearing Reference

You can select the unit of range measurement for the VRMs and cursor and bearing reference for the EBLs.

1) Press the MENU key.

2) Select the INITIAL menu.

3) Press the ENTER/SELECT key.

4) Select appropriate menu and press the ENTER/ SELECT key.

CRSR BRG (REL, TRUE) CRSR RNG (nm, km, sm) VRM1 RNG (nm, km, sm) VRM2 RNG (nm, km, sm) EBL1 BRG (REL, TRUE) EBL2 BRG (REL, TRUE)

5) Select option desired and press the ENTER/ SELECT key.

6) Press the MENU key.

1.36 Alarm Output Signal

On/Off

With connection of an external buzzer (option), aural alarm signal can be output.

1) Select the TIME ALM menu.

2) Select alarm type and press the ENTER/SELECT key.

TIME ALM OUT: Watch alarm signal GUARD OUT: Guard alarm signal ARPA ALM OUT: CPA/TCPA alarm on

ARP-15

PLOT ALM OUT: Alarms on RP-15

3) Select ON or OFF.

4) Press the MENU key.

1–26

Chapter 2 MAINTENANCE

Periodic checks and maintenance are important for proper operation of any electronic systems. This chapter contains maintenance instructions to be followed to obtain optimum performance and the longest possible life of the equipment.

Danger!-Electrical Shock Hazard

This equipment contains high voltages which can endanger human life at several internal circuits including a cathode ray tube (CRT) which uses several thousands volts. Any internal adjustment, servicing and repair shall only be performed by qualified service personnel totally familiar with electrical circuits and servicing of the equipment. A residual charge remains in capacitors and other devices several minutes after turning off the power. It is therefore essential to wait at least 3 minutes to allow residual charge to subside before accessing the inside of the equipment. Special care must be taken when approaching the following parts:

• Power supply circuit (Display unit)

• CRT circuit (Display unit)

2.1 Periodic Maintenance Schedule

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2–1

2.2 Diagnostic Test

A diagnostic test is provided to enable testing of major circuit boards in the remote display.

Proceed as follows to execute the diagnostic test:

1) Press the MENU key.

2) Select the INITIAL menu and press the ENTER/SELECT key.

3) Select TEST and press the ENTER/SELECT key.

ROM 1 035909910x OK ROM 2 035910010x OK RAM 1 OK RAM 2 OK ON TIME 000001.2 VIDEO LEVEL 3.0V

x = Version level ARP-15 data appears

if ARP-15 is provided.

Figure 2-1 Diagnostic test screen

The diagnostic test is executed and the screen shows test results. Sample test results are shown in Figure 2-1.

Small squares displayed to the right of the test results screen are for testing the controls and keys on the control panel. As you operate the controls and keys, corresponding squares are highlighted, indicating your control/key operations are properly recognized.

Figure 2-2 Diagnostic test, test pattern

5) To return to the normal remote display, press the MENU key.

2.3 Replacing the Fuse

The fuse in the power cable protects the equipment against reverse polarity of ship’s mains, overcurrent, and equipment fault. If the fuse blows, find the cause before replacing it. Use the proper fuse shown in below , since overfusing can cause serious damage to the equipment and void the warranty.

Power supply Fuse to use

24/32 VDC: 10 A 12 VDC: 20 A

4) To display a test pattern, press the ENTER/SELECT key. You can return to the main diagnostic test screen by pressing the ENTER/ SELECT key again.

2–2

CAUTION

Use the proper fuse.

Use of a wrong fuse can cause fire or equipment damage.

Chapter 3

Installation

DANGER

This equipment uses high voltage electricity which can shock, burn or cause death.

Only qualified personnel should work inside the equipment.

3.1 Mounting the Display Unit

Siting considerations

• The display unit should be oriented so that you can view the screen while facing towards the bow . This will make determination of your position easier.

• The mounting location must be strong enough to support the display unit under vibration conditions normally encountered on the vessel. If necessary reinforce the mounting location.

• Determine the mounting location considering the length of the signal cable, which connects between the main radar and this display unit.

• Make sure you allow enough clearance to get to the connectors behind the unit. Leave at least a foot or so of “service loop” in cables so that it can be pulled forward for servicing or easy removal of the connectors.

• The display unit can be mounted on a tabletop, a bulkhead or on the overhead. Install it where it can be viewed and operated conveniently, but where it is protected from being sprayed or immersed in salt or fresh water.

• Observe the following display unit compass safe distances to prevent deviation of the magnetic compass;

Table 3-1 Display unit compass safedistances

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tinuyalpsiDm3.1m0.1

gnireetS

ssapmoc

Tabletop mounting

1) Unfasten the two M8 x 40 bolts at the front

of the display unit. Remove the fixing plate.

2) Mark screws locations in the tabletop by

using the fixing plate as a template. For mounting by bolts and nuts, drill four holes of 12 mm diameter in the tabletop.

3) Secure the fixing plate to the tabletop by ø9 coach screws or M10 bolts, nuts and washers.

4) Lay the display unit on the fixing plate. Secure it with the two M8 x 40 bolts unfastened in step 1.

DISPLAY

UNIT

M10 bolts o ø9 coach

M8 X 40 hex

bolt ( 2 pcs.)

Fixing

plate

screws

Figure 3-1 Tabletop mounting

3 – 1

Overhead mounting

1) Referring to Figure 3-2, change the location of the fixing plate, mounting base, bottom plate and cover to mount the unit on the overhead.

ø9 coach screws or M10 bolts

Fixing

plate

M8 x 40 bolt

(2 pcs.)

Mounting

base

Hex screw

Bottom plate

Fabricating the power cable CVV-S 8 x 2C (optional supply)

1) Remove the vinyl sheath by 40 mm.

2) Unravel the braided shield to expose the cores.

3) Remove insulation of cores by about 10 mm.

4) Fix crimp-on lugs to the cores and braided shield.

(a)

CVV-S 8X2C

Approx. 60 mm

M3 x 6 screw (4 pcs.)

Figure 3-2 Display unit overhead mounting

3.2 Wiring

At least two cables are terminated at the display unit: the signal cable and the power cable. The signal cable, which is available in lengths of 5 meters, 10 meters or 15 meters, comes prefitted with a connector for connection to the display unit.

(b)

(c)

Clamp here

(d)

Taping

25 mm

Figure 3-3 How to fabricate the power

cable (CVV-S 8 x 2C)

Laying cables inside the display unit

SPU Board

10mm

Proper grounding of cables cannot be stressed enough; be sure to ground the shield of cables by the cable clamp.

3 – 2

Cover

Cable clamping plate

Figure 3-4 Display unit, rear

view, cover removed

Cable clamp

1) Remove the display unit cover.

CAUTION

Ground the equipment to prevent electrical shock and mutual interference.

2) Dismount the clamping plate from the cable clamp by loosening two screws.

3) Lay the signal cable and power cable inside the cable clamp. Fasten the clamping plate to the cable clamp by using two M4 x 12 screws. If optional equipment are connected, secure the clamping plate by using two M6 x 30 bolts.

Screw

Ground wire

Wing nut

It is recommended to seal the cable gland (with aluminum tape, etc.) to keep foreign objects out of the display unit.

M6 x 30

M4 x 12

Cable clamp

Clamping plate

Cables of optional equipment

Signal cable Power cable

Figure 3-5 Laying cables in the cable clamp

4) Connect the power cable and signal cable by referring to the interconnection diagram. Fasten shields of those cables to chassis.

Connect DJ1

Fasten shield of signal cable here.

and J201 here.

Cover cable

gland with Cable clamp

Cables

(power,

signal,etc.)

aluminum

tape, etc.

Figure 3-7 Sealing the cable gland

3.3 External Signal Input/ Output

Input from external equipment

As shown in Figure 3-8, this radar accepts inputs from a wide variety of equipment. All external equipment are connected to the SPU Board, which is near the DJ connector at the rear of the display unit. Use XH connector assy. to connect external equipment. FURUNO can provide a signal cable assembly; 5m, 2-pair cable with XH-5 connector attached.

Fasten shield of power cable here.

DTB-1 #1(+), #2(-)

Figure 3-6 Display unit, rear view

5) Run a ground wire (IV -8 sq, or equivalent) from the ground terminal to nearest ground point.

3 – 3

Table 3-2 Connector wiring

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1NWORB 2DER 3EGNARO 4WOLLEY 5KCALB

riap

Connector XH-5P

HDG signal (magnetic) input (XH-5P)

Radar buoy (XH-4P)

DJ CONNECTOR

Cable CO-SPEVV-SB-C 0.2SQ X 2P, 5m

Log (XH-3P)

HDG (AD-100 format) Signal input (XH-5P)

Nav data (XH-5P)

Figure 3-8 Location of connectors on the SPU Board

3 – 4

Table 3-3 External signal input connector (SPU Board)

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gnidaeH

NIGDH312Jnip5,HX0002-C)tamrofAEMN(GDH

langis

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GOL012Jnip3,HX,03-SD,07-SD

langis

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NIVAN302Jnip5,HX,0013-PG

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Output to external equipment

Power for alarm amplifier (NH-4P)

To external ARPA (NH-8P w/cable supplied with ARPA unit)

Signal output for external buzzer, etc. (Use connection kit OP03-21.)

To navigator or plotter, for output of cursor position (XH-5P)

FMD-1800 Monitor (NH-6P, see note)

Note: The CVD converter connects between the FMD-1800 and radar, and comes with a 60 cm cable w/6P connector. However, the corresponding connecto on the SPU Board is a 13P connector; cut unused pins.

RP-15 Plotter

Figure 3-9 Location of external equipment connectors on the SPU Board

3 – 5

NMEA I/O data

The FMD-8010 accepts the following nav data input/output sentences.

Table 3-4 Receivable NMEA0183 sentences

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deepSWHV>GTV>CMR>AMR

)eurt(gnidaeHMDH>WHV>GDH>WHV>TDH

)citengam(gnidaeH>GDH>TDH>WHV>MDH

)eurt(esruoCGTV>CMR>AMR

)citengam(esruoCCMR>AMR>GTV

)gniraeb/egnar(tniopyaWRWB>CWB>BMR

noitisops'pihSLLG>CMR>AMR

DTnaroLDTG>CLG>AMR

emiTADZ

erutarepmetretaWWTM>ADM

Table 3-5 Transmittable NMEA0183 sentences

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rosruc(noitisoptegraT

)edutignoldnaedutital

*atadmetsysradaRDSRAR

**egassemtegraT

51-PRA/wdeppiuqenehw

LLTAAR

MTTAR

.cte,gniraebdnaegnarrosruc,egnar

.draoB

MRV,gniraebLBE,gniraebdnaegnarkramnigirO*

,APC,deeps,esruoc,gniraeb,egnar,.ontegraT**

PRAehtno2#Jdna1#2JmorfdettuptuO.cte,APCT

3 – 6

3.4 Changing Power

)

specifications

This remote display can be powered by 12V, 24V or 32V power. Power specification can be changed from 12V to 24V/32V and vice versa by attaching jumper wire JP1 and changing the power fuse F1351.

3) Unplug connectors on the POWER Board and remove the board.

4) Attach jumper wires as shown in below. Jumper JP1 is on underside of the transformer.

12V DC spec.

Attach jumper wires between 1-2, 34, 5-6, and 7-8.

CAUTION

Confirm that the power supply is compatible with the voltage rating of the equipment.

Connection to a wrong power supply can cause fire or equipment damage. Voltage rating appears on the label at the rear of the equipment.

Use the proper fuse.

Use of a wrong fuse can cause fire or equipment damage.

Input voltage rating (at terminal board in display unit)

12V DC: 10.2 to 15V DC 24V/32V DC: 20.4 to 41.6V DC

Procedure

24V/32V DC spec.

Attach jumper wires between 2-3 and 6-7.

TI-9228 TI-9228

JP1

12V spec. 24V/32V spec.

JP1

Figure 3-11 Location of

jumper JP1 on transformer

5) Change fuse as follows.

12V DC spec.: 20A 24V/32V DC spec.: 10A

6) Reassemble the power section.

1) Remove the display cover.

2) Remove rear panel of display unit by unfastening five screws. Unfasten three screws securing the POWER Board.

M4 x 10 (5 pcs.)

M3 x 3

Power

section

JP1

(3 pcs.

Figure 3-10 Display unit, rear view

3.5 Adjustment

Working with the INSTALL menus

Displaying the INSTALL menus

Press the [MENU] key about two seconds to display the INITIAL menu. Select INSTALL on the INITIAL2 menu and press the [ENTER] key.

Selecting items on menus

1) Operate the VRM or EBL control to select menu.

3 – 7

2) Press the [ENTER] key.

Heading alignment

3) Operate the VRM or EBL control to change setting.

4) Press the [ENTER] key.

Closing the menu

Press the [MENU] key.

Changing pages Next page: Place cursor on ↓ and press the

[ENTER] key. Previous page: Place cursor on ↑ and press

the [ENTER] key.

Clearing wrong data

Press the [CLEAR] key.

The antenna unit is mounted facing straight ahead in the direction of the bow. Therefore, a small but conspicuous target dead ahead visually should appear on the heading mark. In practice, however, there will be some error on the display because of the difficulty in achieving accurate initial positioning of the antenna unit. Do the following to compensate for error.

Correct bearing

relative to heading

Target

Apparent position of target

Antenna mounted error to port (heading switch advance)

Picture appears deviated clockwise.

Sweep timing adjustment

Sweep timing depends on the length of the signal cable (between the display unit and the antenna unit). Adjust it as shown in the procedure below to prevent pushing in pulling out of targets as shown in the Figure 3-12.

Correct Target pushed Target pulled

inward outward

Figure 3-12 Examples of proper and

improper sweep timing

1) Select TIMING on the INSTALL1 menu and press the [ENTER] key.

2) Transmit on the 0.125 nautical mile range, and visually select a target which forms right angles (harbor wall, etc.).

4) Operate the VRM control to straighten target selected in step 3. For reference, amount “straightened” in nautical miles appears at bottom right side on the display.

5) Press the [ENTER] key.

Apparent position

Target

Antenna mounted error to starboard (heading switch delayed)

of target

Correct bearing relative to heading

Picture appears deviated counterclockwise.

Figure 3-13 How to align heading

1) Identify a suitable target (by gyrocompass, for example) at a range between 0.125 to

0.25 nautical miles, preferably near the heading mark.

2) Open the INSTALL1 menu and select HDG ADJ.

3) Press the [ENTER] key.

4) Operating the VRM control, bisect the target by the EBL. The value at the bottom right of the menu shows antenna position in relation to ship’s bow (0°).

5) Press the [ENTER] key.

3 – 8

Presetting the FUNCTION key

Table 3-6 Function objectives

The [FUNCTION] key provides one-touch adjustment of STC, pulselength, and other controls. Eight types of target setups are available (see Table 8 ) and three can be preset on the FUNC menu.

1) Press the [FUNCTION] key and select function number (FUNC1, FUNC2, or FUNC3) to set.

2) Select FUNC on the main menu.

3) Place the cursor on the FUNC SEL.

FUNC ( 1 )

FUNC S1 ECHO AVG OFF INTRF OFF

It is recommended to maintain default settings for STRETCH, P/L SEL, ECHO AVG, A/C AUTO, INTRF and NOISE. They are optimally set considering target objective, thus any change may prevent obtainment of objective.

STRETCH OFF A/C AUTO OFF NOISE OFF

P/L SEL OFF

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.robrahaagnihcaorppa

.segnarrehgihdnaegnar

nihtiw(noitagivanegnartrohS

nihtiwnoitagivanegnartrohS

segnarnonoitagivanlareneG

mn6noseohcetegratyfingaM

dnaegnarmn3nosnoitcelfer

5.1noseohcetegratyfingaM

.segnarrehgihdnaegnarmn

llams,syoubsuoirav(stegrat

segnarno).cte,staolf,slessev

To restore default settings, select appropriate function again and close the menu.

Figure 3-14 Function setting menu

4) Press the [ENTER] key.

5) Operate the VRM control to select settings.

6) Press the [ENTER] key.

T o set another function number (2 or 3), erase the menu and then repeat steps in the previous procedure.

Note: When the main menu displays FUNC KEY*, this means no function is active and the [FUNCTION] key is inoperative. To select a function, erase the menu and press the [FUNCTION] key.

Selecting Navigator

On the INITIAL1 menu, select NAV SEL and navigator which feeds position data to the radar.

3 – 9

Other items on the INSTALL menus

Installation checklist

Table 3-7 Other items on INSTALL menus

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2#,oitareslupgoL.oitareslupgolretnE

2#,rosnesgnidaeHhcihwrosnesgnidaehtceleS

2#,esnopseryeK.peebyekfforononruT

2#,langisoediV.LAMRONottesyllamroN

2#,atadpihsnwOehtnoHPRGPHSnonruT

elihwgnittimsnarT

,deppotssirennacs

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tinuyalpsiD

3#,noitcnuf

noitpircseD

nacgnittesHGIHehttaht

.rettulcaesnomralareggirt

ehtotatadgnidaehsdeef

.radar

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no(cihpargpihsnwotciped

2LLATSNIno)yalpsideht

.unem

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rennacshtiwdettimsnart

rof,dednepsusnoitator

.cte,gnicivres

.detcennocsiorygon

.yalpsidevalsroniam

After completing the installation, check it for completeness following the checklist shown below. Check asterisk-marked items if they apply to the installation.

etoN.mraladraugehtreggirt

❒ Sweep timing adjustment ❒ Heading alignment ❒ FUNCTION key presetting ❒ *Selection of navigator ❒ Setting up of INITIAL menus ❒ Setting up of INSTALL menus

nehwgnigarevaohceffonruT

:tinuyalpsidfonoitcnuftceleS

3 – 10

Furuno FMD-8010 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

TABLE OF CONTENTS

FOREWORD

CONFIGURATION OF FMD-8010

SPECIFICATIONS

EQUIPMENT LISTS

Chapter 1 OPERATION

Control Description

Display Indications

1.1 Turning the Power On/Off

1.3 Selecting Range

1.2 Displaying Picture / Stand-by

1.4 Presentation Mode

1.5 Menu Overview

1.6 Adjusting Sensitivity

1.7 Adjusting Picture Brilliance

1.8 Adjusting Brilliance of Control Panel and Markers

1.10 Suppressing Sea Clutter

1.11 Suppressing Rain Clutter

1.12 The Heading and North Markers

1.13 Measuring the Range

1.14 Measuring Bearing

1.15 Collision Assessment by the Offset EBL

1.17 Index Lines

1.18 Off-centering the Picture

1.19 Zoom

1.20 Inscribing Marks on the Display

1.21 The FUNCTION key

1.22 Own Ship Speed

1.24 Interference Rejector

1.25 Echo Trails

1.26 Electronic Plotting (E-plot)

1.28 Watch Alarm

1.29 Echo Average

1.31 Echo Stretch

1.30 Suppressing Second-Trace Echoes

1.32 Noise Rejection

1.33 Waypoint Display

1.34 Outputting Cursor Position (TLL data)

1.35 Selecting Unit of Range Measurement, Bearing Reference

Chapter 2 MAINTENANCE

2.1 Periodic Maintenance Schedule

2.2 Diagnostic Test

2.3 Replacing the Fuse

3.1 Mounting the Display Unit

3.2 Wiring

3.3 External Signal Input/ Output

3.5 Adjustment