Describes how to control the printer and necessary information
when you develop applications.
Describes setup and installation of the product and peripherals.
Describes how to handle the product.
Describes interfaces, connectors, and character code tables.
Describes features and general specifications for the product.
Technical Reference Guide
Product Overview
Setup
Application Development Information
Handling
Appendix
M00028503
Rev. C
Cautions
• No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form
or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior
written permission of Seiko Epson Corporation.
• The contents of this document are subject to change without notice. Please contact us for the latest
information.
• While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this document, Seiko Epson Corporation assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions.
• Neither is any liability assumed for damages resulting from the use of the information contained
herein.
• Neither Seiko Epson Corporation nor its affiliates shall be liable to the purchaser of this product or third
parties for damages, losses, costs, or expenses incurred by the purchaser or third parties as a result of:
accident, misuse, or abuse of this product or unauthorized modifications, repairs, or alterations to this
product, or (excluding the U.S.) failure to strictly comply with Seiko Epson Corporation’s operating
and maintenance instructions.
• Seiko Epson Corporation shall not be liable against any damages or problems arising from the use of
any options or any consumable products other than those designated as Original EPSON Products or
EPSON Approved Products by Seiko Epson Corporation.
Trademarks
EPSON and ESC/POS are registered trademarks of Seiko Epson Corporation in Japan and other
countries/regions.
Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
ESC/POS® Command System
EPSON ESC/POS is a proprietary POS printer command system that includes patented or patentpending commands. ESC/POS is compatible with most EPSON POS printers and displays.
ESC/POS is designed to reduce the processing load on the host computer in POS environments. It
comprises a set of highly functional and efficient commands and also offers the flexibility to easily make
future upgrades.
The symbols in this manual are identified by their level of importance, as defined below. Read
the following carefully before handling the product.
You must follow warnings carefully to avoid serious bodily injury.
WARNING
Provides information that must be observed to prevent damage to the equipment or loss of
data.
CAUTION
Possibility of sustaining physical injuries.
Possibility of causing physical damage.
Possibility of causing information loss.
Provides information that must be observed to avoid damage to your equipment or a
malfunction.
Provides important information and useful tips.
3
Warnings
WARNING
To avoid risk of electric shock, do not set up this product or handle cables during a
thunderstorm
Never insert or disconnect the power plug with wet hands.
Doing so may result in severe shock.
Handle the power cable with care.
Improper handling may lead to fire or electric shock.
Do not modify or attempt to repair the cable.
Do not place any heavy object on top of the cable.
Avoid excessive bending, twisting, and pulling.
Do not place the cable near heating equipment.
Check that the plug is clean before plugging it in.
Be sure to push the plug all the way in.
Be sure to use the specified power source.
Connection to an improper power source may cause fire or shock.
Do not place multiple loads on the power outlet.
Overloading the outlet may lead to fire.
Shut down your equipment immediately if it produces smoke, a strange odor, or
unusual noise.
Continued use may lead to fire. Immediately unplug the equipment and contact your
dealer or a Seiko Epson service center for advice.
Never attempt to repair this product yourself.
Improper repair work can be dangerous.
Never disassemble or modify this product.
Tampering with this product may result in injury or fire.
Do not allow foreign matter to fall into the equipment.
Penetration by foreign objects may lead to fire.
If water or other liquid spills into this equipment, do not continue to use it.
Continued use may lead to fire. Unplug the power cord immediately and contact your
dealer or a Seiko Epson service center for advice.
Do not use aerosol sprayers containing flammable gas inside or around this
product.
Doing so may cause fire.
4
Cautions
Do not connect cables in ways other than those mentioned in this manual.
Different connections may cause equipment damage or fire.
CAUTION
Be sure to set this equipment on a firm, stable, horizontal surface.
The product may break or cause injury if it falls.
Do not use this product in locations subject to high humidity or dust levels.
Excessive humidity and dust may cause equipment damage or fire.
Do not place heavy objects on top of this product. Never stand or lean on this
product.
Equipment may fall or collapse, causing breakage and possible injury.
Take care not to injure your fingers on the manual cutter
When you remove printed paper
When you perform other operations such as loading/replacing roll paper
Do not open the roll paper cover without taking the necessary precautions, as this
can result in injury from the autocutter fixed blade.
To ensure safety, unplug this product before leaving it unused for an extended
period.
Restriction of Use
When this product is used for applications requiring high reliability/safety, s uch as
transportation devices related to aviation, rail, marine, automotive, etc.; disaster prevention
devices; various safety devices, etc.; or functional/precision
devices, etc., you should use this
product only after giving considerationto including fail-safes and redundancies into your
designto maintain safety and total system reliability. B e ca use this product was not intended for
use in applications requiring extremely high reliability/safety, such as aerospace equipment,
main communication equipment, nuclear power control equipment, or medical equipment
related to direct medical care, etc., please make your own judgment on this product's suitability
after a f
ull evaluation.
5
About this Manual
Aim of the Manual
This manual was created to provide information on development, design, and installation of
POS systems and development and design of printer applications for developers.
Manual Content
The manual is made up of the following sections:
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Appendix
Product Overview
Setup
Application Development Information
Handling
Specifications of Interface and Connector
Character Code Tables
6
Contents
■ For Safety...............................................................................................................................3
Key to Symbols ....................................................................................................................................... 3
■ Part Names and Functions.................................................................................................15
1 Power Switch ..................................................................................................................................... 15
2 Power Switch Cover.......................................................................................................................... 15
3 Control Panel .................................................................................................................................... 16
Character Specifications.................................................................................................................... 24
Paper Specifications............................................................................................................................ 25
Printable Area ...................................................................................................................................... 26
Printing and Cutting Positions............................................................................................................. 27
•Affixing tape for fixing the printer (Model: DF-10)
•External buzzer unit (Model: OT-BZ20)
14
Part Names and Functions
Roll paper cover
Control panel (3)
Cover open lever
Power switch (1)
Cutter cover
Power switch cover (2)
Manual cutter
Chapter 1 Product Overview
1
1 Power Switch
Turns the printer on or off. The marks on the switch: (: OFF/: ON)
Before turning the printer off, it is recommended to send a power-off command to the
printer. If you use the power-off sequence, the latest maintenance counter values are
saved. (Maintenance counter values are usually saved every two minutes.)
For information about ESC/POS commands, see the ESC/POS Quick Reference or the
ESC/POS Application Programming Guide.
2 Power Switch Cover
Install the power switch cover that comes with the TM-T20 onto the printer to prevent
inadvertent operation of the power switch and to prevent tampering. To reset the printer when
the power switch cover is installed, insert a long, thin object (such as the end of a paper clip) into
the hole in the power switch cover and press
A waterproof cover for the power switch is also included.
WARNING
If an accident occurs with the power switch cover attached, unplug the AC cable
immediately.
Continued use of the printer may cause fire or shock.
the power switch.
Use the power switch waterproof cover if the printer is installed in a humid location or
exposed to water. If current leakage occurs, it could result in electric shock.
15
3 Control Panel
(Power) LED (1)
Error LED (2)
Paper LED (
3)
Feed button (
4)
When installing the printer vertically or hanging the printer on a wall, be sure to attach the
included control panel label for vertical installation on the roll paper cover. The control panel
label for vertical installation is upside down.
1 Power LED (green)
•Lights whenthe power supply is on.
•Goes out when the power supply is turned off.
2 Error LED (orange)
Lights or flashes whenthe printer is offline.
•Lights after the power is turned on or after a reset (offline). Automatically goes out after a
while to indicate thatthe printer is ready.
•Lights whenthe end of the roll paper is detected, and when printing has stopped (offline). If
this happens, replace the roll paper.
•Flashes when an error occurs. (For information about the flashing patterns, see "Error Status"
on page 18.)
•Goes out during regular operation (online).
3 Paper LED(orange)
•Lights whenthere is no more roll paper.
•Off when there is a sufficient amount of roll paper remaining.
•Flashes when a self-test is in progress or when macro execution standby state.
4 Feed button
Pressingthis button once feeds the roll paper by one line. Holdingthis button down feeds the
roll paper continuously.
Enabling/disabling of Feed button can be selected by a command. If the command is set to
disable this button, it does not function. For information about ESC/POS commands, see
the ESC/POS Quick Reference or the ESC/POS Application Programming Guide.
16
Chapter 1 Product Overview
Drawer kick-out connector
AC inlet
interface connector
The picture above shows a USB interface model.
Offline
The printer automatically goes offline under the following conditions:
•During power on until the printer is ready
•During the self-test
•While roll paper is fed using the Feed button
•When the printer stops printing due to a paper-end (if an empty paper supply is detected by
the roll paper end sensor)
•During a macro execution standby state
•When an error has occurred
Connectors
All cables are connected to the connector panel on the lower rear of the printer.
1
• Drawer kick-out connector:Connects the cash drawer or the optional external buzzer.
•Interface connector:Connects the printer with the host computer interface.
•AC inlet:Connects the AC cable.
For a USB interface, do not turn on the printer before installing the printer driver.
For information about how to connect the interface connector, cash drawer, and optional
external buzzer, see "Connecting to the Power Source" on page 42, "Connecting the Cash
Drawer" on page 54, and "Connecting the Optional Buzzer Unit" on page 52.
17
Error Status
There are three possible error types: automatically recoverable errors, recoverable errors, and
unrecoverable errors.
Automatically Recoverable Errors
Printingis no longer possible when automatically recoverable errors occur. The y can be
recovered easily, as described below.
ErrorError descriptionError LED flashing patternRecovery measure
Roll paper
cover open
error
Print head
temperature
error
The roll paper cover
was opened during
printing.
A high temperature
outside the head
drive operating
range was
detected.
LED ON
LED OFF
LED ON
LED OFF
Approx. 160 ms
Approx. 160 ms
Recovers automatically
when the roll paper
cover is closed.
Recovers automatically
when the print head
cools.
Recoverable Errors
Printing is no longer possible when recoverable errors occur. They can be recovered easily by
turning the power on again or sending an error recovery command from the driver after
eliminatingthe cause of the error.
ErrorError descriptionError LED flashing patternRecovery measure
Autocutter
error
Autocutter does
not work correctly.
LED ON
LED OFF
Approx. 2.56 s
Approx. 160 ms
Remove the jammed
paper or foreign matter
in the printer, close the
roll paper cover, send
the error recovery
command, or turn the
power on to recover.
18
The error recovery command is valid only if a recoverable error (excluding automatically
recoverable errors) occurs.
Chapter 1 Product Overview
LED ON
LED OFF
Approx. 160 ms
LED ON
LED OFF
Approx. 160 ms
LED ON
LED OFF
Approx. 160 ms
LED ON
LED OFF
Approx. 160 ms
Approx. 2.56 s
Unrecoverable Errors
Printingis no longer possible whenunrecoverable errors occur. The printer must be repaired.
Turn off the power immediately when an unrecoverable error occurs.
CAUTION
ErrorError descriptionError LED flashing pattern
Memory R/W errorAfter R/W checking, the printer
does not work correctly.
High voltage errorThe power supply voltage is
extremely high.
Low voltage errorThe power supply voltage is
extremely low.
CPU execution errorThe CPU is executing an
incorrect address.
Internal circuit
connection error
Internal circuits are not
connected correctly.
1
LED ON
LED OFF
Approx. 160 ms
19
NV Memory (Non-Volatile Memory)
The printer's NV memory stores data even after the printer power is turned off. NV memory
contains the following memory areas for the user:
•NV graphics memory
• User NV memory
•Memory switches
•R/E (Receipt Enhancement)
•User-defined page
•Maintenance counter
As a guide, NV memory rewriting should be used 10 times or less a day when you program
applications.
NV Graphics Memory
Graphics, such as shop logos to be printed on receipts, can be registered. Even with a serial
interface model whose communication speed is low, high speed graphic printing is possible.
Use the TM-T20 Utility to register graphics. You can also use the TM-T20 Utility or the NV
graphics information print mode to print and con
For information about the TM-T20 Utility, see the TM-T20 Utility User’s Manual.
For information about how to use the NV graphics information print mode, see "NV
Graphics Information Print Mode" on page 71.
firm the registered graphics.
User NV Memory
Yo u can store and read text data for multiple purposes, such as for storing a note including
customizing or maintenance information of the printer.
Use ESC/POS commands to store and read the text data.
For information about ESC/POS commands, see the ESC/POS Quick Reference or the
ESC/POS Application Programming Guide.
Memory Switches
With the memory switches, which are software switches for the printer, you can configure
various settings of the printer. For information about the memory switch, see "Settingthe
Memory Switches/Receipt Enhancement" on page 43.
20
Chapter 1 Product Overview
R/E (Receipt Enhancement)
Graphics, such as shop logos can be printed on top or bottom of receipts by setting R/E (Receipt
Enhancement). For information about R/E, see"Settingthe Memory Switches/Receipt
Enhancement" on page 43.
User-defined Page
Yo u can store character data in the user-defined page (character code table: page 255) so that you
can also print characters not residentinthe printer.
Maintenance Counter
With this function, printer information, such as the number of lines printed, the number of
autocuts, and printer operationtime after the printer starts working, is automatically stored in
NV memory. You can read the information with the Status API of the APD or OPOS ADK to use
it for per
iodical checks or part replacement.
You can also check the head running length and number of times of autocutting with the
self-test (see "Self-test Mode" on page 68.) and the TM-T20 Utility.
1
21
Product Specifications
Printing methodThermal line printing
Printing directionUnidirectional with friction feed
Paper feed speedApprox. 150 mm/s {approx. 5.91"/s} (continuous paper feeding
with the Feed button)
Cutting methodPartial cut (cutting with one point in left edge left uncut)
InterfaceUSB [USB 2.0, Full-speed (12 Mbps)], Serial (RS-232),
Ethernet (10BASE-T/100BASE-TX)
BuffersReceive buffer4 KB/45 bytes (selectable using the memory switch)
Downloaded buffer
(user-defined characters
and user-defined images)
NV graphics memory256 KB
Download graphics
memory
User NV memory1KB
User-defined page area64 KB
Barcode/
two-dimensional symbol printing
Power supplySupply voltage: AC100-240V 50/60Hz, Rated current: 1.0 A
LifePrinter mechanism15,000,000 lines (printing + paper feeding)
Font A12 × 24 (including 2-dot horizontal spacing)
Font B 9 × 17 (including 2-dot horizontal spacing)
Font A13 × 24 (including 3-
dot horizontal
spacing)
Font B 9 × 17 (including 2-
dot horizontal
spacing)
Font A 1.25 × 3.00 mm/1.25 × 6.00 mm/
2.50 × 3.00 mm/2.50 × 6.00 mm
Font B 0.88 × 2.13 mm/0.88 × 4.26 mm/
1.76 × 2.13 mm/1.76 × 4.26 mm
58 mm width
paper setting
9 × 17 (including 2dot horizontal
spacing)
12 × 24 (including 2dot horizontal
spacing)
42 column
mode
Font A 1.25 × 3.00 mm/
1.25 × 6.00 mm/
2.50 × 3.00 mm/
2.50 × 6.00 mm
Font B 0.88 × 2.13 mm/
0.88 × 4.26 mm/
1.76 × 2.13 mm/
1.76 × 4.26 mm
Note:
*: Space between characters is notincluded.
Characters can be scaled up to 64 times as large as the standard size.
0.88 × 2.13 mm/
0.88 × 4.26 mm/
1.76 × 2.13 mm/
1.76 × 4.26 mm
1.25 × 3.00 mm/
1.25 × 6.00 mm/
2.50 × 3.00 mm/
2.50 × 6.00 mm
24
Paper Specifications
80 mm width paper setting58 mm width paper setting
Paper typesSpecified thermal paper
FormRoll paper
SizeRoll paper diameter83 mm {3.27"} maximum
Roll paper spoolInside: 12 mm {0.47"}, Outside: 18 mm {0.71"}
Roll width when taken up80 + 0.5/-1.0 mm58 + 0.5/-1.0 mm
Paper width79.5 ± 0.5 mm57.5 ± 0.5 mm
Chapter 1 Product Overview
Specified roll paper typeNTP080-80NTP058-80
Paper must not be pasted to the roll paper spool.
For the best print quality for each paper type, it is recommended to set the print density.
(See "Setting the Memory Switches/Receipt Enhancement" on page 43.)
1
25
Printable Area
79.5 ± 0.5 mm {3.13 ± 0.02”}
72.1 ± 0.2 mm {2.84 ± 0.008}
3.0 mm {0.12}4.5 mm {0.18}
57.5 ± 0.5 mm {2.26 ± 0.02”}
52.6 ± 0.2 mm {2.07 ± 0.008}
3.0 mm {0.12}2.0 mm {0.079}
80 mm paper width setting
The maximum printable area of paper with a width of 79.5 ± 0.5 mm {3.13 ± 0.02"} is 72.1 ± 0.2
mm {2.84 ± 0.008"} (576 dots) and the approximate space is 3.0 mm {0.12"} on the left side on the
left side and 4.5 mm {0.18"} on the right side.
58 mm paper width setting
The maximum printable area of paper with a width of 57.5 ± 0.5 mm {2.26 ± 0.02"} is 52.6 ± 0.2
mm {2.07 ± 0.008"} (420 dots), and the approximate space is 3.0 mm {0.12"} on the left side and 2.0
mm {0.079"} on the right side.
26
Printing and Cutting Positions
Autocutter blade position
Approx. 27.1
Approx. 10.5
Manual-cutter position
Center of the print dotline
[units: mm (All the numeric values are typical.)]
Paper feed direction
Chapter 1 Product Overview
1
The values above may vary slightly as a result of paper slack or variations in the paper.
Take this into account when setting the cutting position of the autocutter.
27
Electrical Characteristics
58 mm
72 mm
Supply voltageAC 100-240V 50/60 Hz
Rated current1.0 A
Note on printing with a high print ratio
If printing is continuously performed with a high print ratio, the overcurrent protection may be
activated and result in uneven print density or a low voltage error. Therefore, the printing length
mustnot exceed the following values when printing with high print ratio.
Print ratio: Number of dots being e
nergized per one dot line / Total number of dots per one
dot line (576 dots)
Maximum permissible printing length on print ratio
Print ratio 80% 100%
Print example
Print length30 mm20 mm
28
Environmental Conditions
Relative humidity
Operating
environment
range
90
60
80
10
20
40
0
0
1020304050
Ambient temperature
[%RH]
34°C, 90%
40°C, 65%
45°C, 50%
[°C]
Chapter 1 Product Overview
Temperature/
Humidity
Acoustic noise (operating)Approximately 55 dB (bystander position)
Operating5 to 45°C {41 to 113°F}, 10 to 90% RH (See the operating
temperature and humidity range below.)
Storage-10 to 50°C {14 to 122°F}, 10 to 90% RH (except for paper)
Note:
The values above are measured in the Epson evaluation
condition.
Acoustic noise differs depending on the paper used, printing
contents, and the setting values, such as print speed or print
density.
1
29
External Dimensions and Mass
140
146
199
[Units: mm]
•Height: Approximately 146 mm {5.75"}
•Width: Approximately 140 mm {5.51"}
•Depth: Approximately 199 mm {7.83"}
• Mass: Approximately 1.7 kg {3.74 lb} (except for roll paper)
30
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