Epson TM-L90 liner-free label model Technical Reference Guide

Technical Reference Guide
Describes the features of the product.
Describes the setup and installation of the product and peripherals.
Describes the advanced usage of the product.
Describes how to control the printer and gives information useful for printer application development.
Describes the basic handling of the printer.
Liner-Free Label Paper Model
Product Overview
Setup
Advanced Usage
Application Development Information
Handling
Appendix
M00123002
Rev. C
CAUTION
• No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of Seiko Epson Corporation.
• The contents of this document are subject to change without notice. Please contact us for the latest information.
• While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this document, Seiko Epson Corporation assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions.
• Neither is any liability assumed for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein.
• Neither Seiko Epson Corporation nor its affiliates shall be liable to the purchaser of this product or third parties for damages, losses, costs, or expenses incurred by the purchaser or third parties as a result of: accident, misuse, or abuse of this product or unauthorized modifications, repairs, or alterations to this product, or (excluding the U.S.) failure to strictly comply with Seiko Epson Corporation’s operating and maintenance instructions.
• Seiko Epson Corporation shall not be liable against any damages or problems arising from the use of any options or any consumable products other than those designated as Original Epson Products or Epson Approved Products by Seiko Epson Corporation.
Trademarks
EPSON is a registered trademark of Seiko Epson Corporation. Exceed Your Vision and ESC/POS are registered trademarks or trademarks of Seiko Epson Corporation.
Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.
Android™ is a trademark of Google LLC.
IOS is a trademark or registered trademark of Cisco in the U.S. and other countries and is used under license.
All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners and used for identification purpose only.
ESC/POS® Command System
EPSON ESC/POS is a proprietary POS printer command system that includes patented or patent-pending commands. ESC/ POS is compatible with most EPSON POS printers and displays. ESC/POS is designed to reduce the processing load on the host computer in POS environments. It comprises a set of highly functional and efficient commands and also offers the flexibility to easily make future upgrades.
©Seiko Epson Corporation 2019-2021.

For Safety

Key to Symbols

The symbols in this manual are identified by their level of importance, as defined below. Read the following carefully before handling the product.
You must follow warnings carefully to avoid serious bodily injury.
!WARN ING
Provides information that must be observed to prevent damage to the equipment or
!CAUTION
loss of data.
• Possibility of sustaining physical injuries.
• Possibility of causing physical damage.
• Possibility of causing information loss.
Provides information that must be observed to avoid damage to your equipment or a malfunction.
Provides important information and useful tips.

Warnings

!WARN ING
• Do not cover the printer with cloth or place it in a poorly ventilated location.
• The internal temperature may increase, leading to fire.
• Keep the printer away from volatile substances, such as alcohol and thinner, and fire. Failure to do so may result in electrical shock or fire.
• Shut down your equipment immediately if it produces smoke, a strange odor, or unusual noise. Failure to do so may result in electrical shock or fire.
• If an accident occurs, turn off the power immediately and unplug the AC cable. Then contact qualified service personnel.
• If foreign matter or liquid such as water spills into this equipment, do not continue to use it. Continued use may result in electrical shock or fire.
• Immediately unplug the equipment and contact qualified service personnel.
• Do not disassemble the printer except for the locations indicated in the manual.
• Never attempt to repair this product yourself. Improper repair work can be dangerous.
• Do not use the printer in a location where flammable gas, explosive gas, or similar gas might exist in the air. Do not use aerosol sprayers containing flammable gas inside or around this product. Doing so may cause fire.
• Do not connect cables in ways other than those indicated in this manual.
• Doing so may lead to fire. Doing so may also damage the connected equipment.
• Do not insert or drop metal or flammable objects into the printer from the openings. Doing so may result in electrical shock or fire.
• Make sure to use this product at the specified voltage. Failure to do so may result in fire or electrical shock.
3
!WARN ING
• Check that the plug is clean before plugging it in. Failure to do so may result in electrical shock or fire.
• Be sure to push the plug all the way in. Failure to do so may result in electrical shock or fire.
• Do not use a damaged power cable. Doing so may result in electrical shock or fire.
• If the power cable is damaged, contact qualified service personnel.
• Do not place multiple loads on the power outlet. Overloading the outlet may lead to fire.
• Be sure to disconnect the plug from the power outlet and clean the base of the blades and the area between the blades. Leaving the plug inserted in the power outlet for a long time may cause dust to stick to the base of blades, leading to fire.
• When you disconnect the plug from the power outlet, hold the plug and do not pull the cable. Failure to do so may damage the cable or deform the plug, resulting in electrical shock or fire.
• When handling the AC adapter, observe the instructions described below. Failure to do so may result in electrical shock or fire.
* Avoid exposure to rain or water. * Do not hang the adapter on the power cable. * Avoid contact between a metal object such as a paper clip and the connector. * Do not cover the adapter with a blanket or similar item.
• Do not insert a telephone line into the drawer kick connector. Doing so may damage the telephone line or printer.
• Do not place the printer in a dusty or humid location. Doing so may result in electrical shock or fire.
• Before relocating this product, turn off the power, disconnect the plug from the power outlet, and make sure that all the cables are disconnected. Failure to do so may result in electrical shock or fire.
4

Cautions

!CAUTION
• Do not place/store the printer on an unsteady location or a location subject to the vibration of other equipment. Otherwise, the product may break or cause injury if it falls.
• Do not place heavy objects on top of this product. Never stand or lean on this product. Otherwise, the product may fall or break and cause injury.
• When connecting cables or installing optional products, follow the procedures and make sure that the cables and products are installed in the proper direction. Failure to do so may cause injury.
• Follow the instructions in the manual for proper installation.
• While opening/closing the printer cover, keep your hands away from the joint between the cover and the main body. Otherwise, your hand or finger may be pinched and get injured.
• To ensure safety, unplug this product when leaving it unused for an extended period.
• Do not touch the inside of the printer except for the locations indicated in the manual. Doing so may result in electrical shock or burns.
• Observe the instructions below to prevent the power cable from being damaged.
• Do not modify or attempt to repair the cable
• Do not place any heavy object on top of the cable
• Avoid excessive bending, twisting, and pulling
• Do not place the cable near heating equipment
• Never insert or disconnect the power plug with wet hands. Doing so may result in severe shock.
• Take care not to push your hand or finger against the manual cutter. Doing so may injure your hand or finger.
* When you remove printed paper * When you perform other operations such as loading/replacing roll paper
5

Caution Labels

Thermal head
The caution labels on the product indicate the following precautions.
! K CAUTION:
Do not touch the thermal head during or immediately after use. After printing, the thermal head and its surroundings can be very hot.

Restriction of Use

When this product is used for applications requiring high reliability/safety, such as transportation devices related to aviation, rail, marine, automotive, etc.; disaster prevention devices; various safety devices, etc.; or functional/precision devices, etc., you should use this product only after giving consideration to including fail-safes and redundancies into your design to maintain safety and total system reliability. Because this product was not intended for use in applications requiring extremely high reliability/safety, such as aerospace equipment, main communication equipment, nuclear power control equipment, or medical equipment related to direct medical care, etc., please make your own judgment on this product's suitability after a full evaluation.
6

About this Manual

Aim of the Manual

This manual provides developers/engineers with all the necessary information for design, development and installation of a POS system, and also design and development of a printer application.

Manual Content

The manual is made up of the following sections:
Chapter 1 Product Overview
Chapter 2 Setup
Chapter 3 Advanced Usage
Chapter 4 Application Development Information
Chapter 5 Handling
Appendix Product Specifications
Specifications of Interfaces and Connectors Character Code Tables
7

Contents

For Safety ......................................................... 3
Key to Symbols..........................................................................3
Warnings......................................................................................3
Cautions.......................................................................................5
Caution Labels ...........................................................................6
Restriction of Use ............................................ 6
About this Manual........................................... 7
Aim of the Manual....................................................................7
Manual Content ........................................................................7
Contents........................................................... 8
Product Overview.......................11
Features ......................................................... 11
Product Configurations ................................ 12
Models....................................................................................... 12
Identification of LAN interface models.......................... 12
Accessories............................................................................... 13
Part Names and Functions............................ 14
Front........................................................................................... 14
Control Panel........................................................................... 15
Connectors............................................................................... 16
Online and Offline ................................................................. 17
Status and Errors........................................... 18
Automatically Recoverable Errors.................................... 18
Recoverable Errors................................................................. 18
Unrecoverable Errors............................................................ 19
Status Display.......................................................................... 20
NV Memory.................................................... 21
NV Graphics Memory ........................................................... 21
User NV Memory.................................................................... 21
Memory Switches (Customized Value)......................... 21
User-defined page................................................................. 21
Maintenance Counter ..........................................................21
Setup ...........................................23
Flow of Setup ................................................. 23
Installing the Printer ..................................... 24
Changing the Paper Width ........................... 25
Removing the Roll Paper Guide .......................................26
Installing the Roll Paper Guide .........................................27
Connecting the AC Adapter.......................... 29
AC Adapter Connection Procedure .................................29
Connecting the Printer to the Host ............. 31
USB Interface ...........................................................................31
Ethernet Interface.................................................................. 31
For Serial Interface Models................................................. 32
Connecting the Cash Drawer ....................... 33
Cash Drawer Requirements................................................ 33
Connecting the Drawer Kick Cable..................................35
Connecting the Optional Wireless
LAN Unit........................................................ 36
Advanced Usage .........................37
Software Settings ......................................... 37
Memory Switch 1 ...................................................................39
Memory Switch 2 ...................................................................39
Memory Switch 6 ...................................................................40
Memory Switch 8 ...................................................................41
Customized value ..................................................................42
Communication condition of serial interface..............47
Setting/Checking Modes .............................. 48
Self-test Mode ......................................................................... 50
NV Graphics Information Print Mode..............................51
Software Setting Mode........................................................52
Starting Hexadecimal Dumping Mode .......................... 54
Application Development
Information.................................57
Controlling the Printer ................................. 57
ESC/POS..................................................................................... 57
Controlling the Cash Drawer........................ 58
Software ........................................................ 59
Development Kits ..................................................................59
Drivers........................................................................................ 60
Utilities....................................................................................... 60
Download .................................................................................61
Handling......................................63
Installing and Replacing Roll Paper ............ 63
Removing Jammed Paper ............................ 65
8
Releasing a Stuck Roll Paper Cover ............. 67
Cleaning the Printer ..................................... 69
Cleaning the Printer Case................................................... 69
Cleaning the Inside of the Printer.................................... 69
Preparing for Transport ............................... 71
Appendix .................................... 73
Product Specifications ................................. 73
Printing Specifications......................................................... 75
Character Specifications ..................................................... 76
Details of Characters Per Line and Character
Specifications with Auto Scaling Enabled.................... 78
Paper Specifications ............................................................. 85
Printable Area ......................................................................... 90
Printing and Cutting Positions......................................... 92
Electrical Characteristics ..................................................... 93
Environmental Conditions .................................................94
External Dimensions and Mass......................................... 95
Printing and Cutting Positions With
Software Setting .......................................... 96
Specifications of Interfaces and
Connectors ................................................. 102
RS-232 Serial Interface.......................................................102
USB (Universal Serial Bus) Interface ..............................105
Character Code Tables................................ 106
9
10

Product Overview

This chapter describes features and specifications of the product.

Features

Printing
• Printing on liner-free label paper
Chapter 1 Product Overview
• High speed receipt printing (170 mm/s maximum).
• Supports the maximum paper width of 80 mm, and paper width of 40 mm or 58 mm by using the roll paper guide*
For 65* model, paper width of 80/40mm only supported
Handling
• Horizontal and vertical installation layouts are selectable.
• Easy drop-in paper loading
• Cable connectors can be stored inside the printer.
68* model only
• Paper taken sensor can detect that issued label is taken before issuing the next paper.
• The back-feed function has enabled top margin scaling.
Software
• Command protocol is based on the ESC/POS Proprietary Command System.
• Various layouts are available by using the page mode.
1
• A maintenance counter function is supported.
Environment
• Paper reduction function is available.
Others
• The interface is selectable.
• A built-in USB interface is also available.
11

Product Configurations

The installed functions and the included accessories differ depending on the model.

Models

TM-L90 Liner-Free Label Paper Model has the following specifications with different functions.
• 65* model: Paper width of 40/80 mm supported
• 66* model: Paper of 40/58/80 mm supported
• 67* model (multilingual): Paper width of 40/58/80 mm supported
• 68* model (ANK/multilingual): Paper width of 40/58/80 mm supported, paper taken sensor installed, back-feed function installed

Identification of LAN interface models

TM-L90 has LAN interface models as shown below. To check the technical reference guide for the interface board specifications and how to set the network, see the technical reference guide shown below.
Interface Board Interface
External View Name Ethernet Wireless LAN
*: For details, see the technical reference guide for the interface board.
UB-E03 -
UB-E04 ✔✔
*
12

Accessories

Included
• Control panel label for vertical installation
• Roll paper spacer*
• AC adapter
•AC cable
• Manuals and documents
*
Not included with some models
*
*
*
Options
• Affixing tape for fixing the printer (Model: DF-10)
• Wall hanging bracket (Model: WH-10)
Chapter 1 Product Overview
1
• Wireless LAN Unit
13

Part Names and Functions

1
2
3
4
5

Front

1 Manual cutter Use this cutter when you cut the roll paper manually.
2 Cutter cover If the roll paper cover will not open due a paper jam, open this cover and
unlock the autocutter blade.
3 Power switch Turn on/off the printer.
4 Cover open lever Operate this lever to open the roll paper cover.
5 Roll paper cover Open this cover to install/replace the roll paper.
Before turning the printer off, it is recommended to send a power-off command to the printer. If you use the power-off sequence, the latest maintenance counter values are saved. (Maintenance counter values are usually saved every two minutes.) For information about ESC/POS commands, see the ESC/POS Command Reference.
14

Control Panel

1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
68* model
Chapter 1 Product Overview
1 LED • On when the power supply is on.
• Off when the power supply is off.
• Flashes during the network startup process after power-on and power-off standby status, and while updating firmware.
2 (Error) LED • Lights or flashes when the printer is offline.
• Lights after the power is turned on or after a reset (offline). Automatically goes out after a while to indicate that the printer is ready.
• Lights or flashes when an error occurs. (For information about the indica­tion patterns, see
• Off when the printer is in standard mode (online).
3 (Paper) LED • Lights when there is no more roll paper.
• Flashes to prompt the user to operate the Feed button. 68* model only: Flashes to prompt the user to remove the issued paper and to operate the Feed button.
4 (Feed) button Press this button to feed the roll paper by one line. Hold down this button to
feed the roll paper continuously. When using liner-free label paper, and while waiting for the issued paper to
be removed (for 68* model only), the button operation is disabled.
"Status and Errors" on page 18.)
1
• Attach the control panel label for vertical installation when vertical installation is used. The control panel label for vertical installation is upside down. (
)
24
• The Feed button is also located inside the roll paper cover. (See
page 52
)
"Installing the Printer" on page
"Software Setting Mode" on
15

Connectors

1
23
4
5
6
All connectors are located on the bottom of the printer. Different interfaces are used depending on the printer model to be used.
1 Serial interface Connects the serial cable for connecting to a computer.
2 LAN connector Connects the 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX Ethernet cable.
3 USB connector Used only for connecting optional Wireless LAN unit and customer display.
4 Drawer kick connector Connects the cash drawer or the optional external buzzer.
"Connecting the Cash Drawer" on page 33
5 USB connector Connects the USB cable for connecting to a computer.
6 Power supply connector Connects the AC adapter.
"Connecting the AC Adapter" on page 29
The USB (Type A) interface is used only for connecting the optional Wireless LAN unit.
For details about the connection procedures, see
page 31 page 33
, "Connecting the AC Adapter" on page 29, and "Connecting the Cash Drawer" on .
"Connecting the Printer to the Host" on
16
Chapter 1 Product Overview

Online and Offline

Online
The printer is online and ready for normal printing unless there is a reason to go offline.
Offline
The printer automatically goes offline under the following conditions:
• While the printer power is turning on/off
• While setting/checking mode is being executed (excluding hexadecimal dumping mode)
• While roll paper is fed using the Feed button
• When the printer stops printing due to a paper end (when the paper out detector detects that there is no paper)
• During an operation standby state
1
• When an error has occurred (
• While the roll paper cover is open
"Status and Errors" on page 18)
17

Status and Errors

LED OFF
LED ON
Approx. 320 ms
LED OFF
LED ON
Approx. 320 ms
LED OFF
LED ON
Approx. 320 ms
The LEDs light or flash to indicate the printer status.
The printer cannot print while an error is left unresolved.

Automatically Recoverable Errors

The printer cannot print when automatically recoverable errors occur. It can be recovered as described below.
Error Error description Error LED flash code Condition for Recovery
Roll paper cover open error
*
The roll paper cover was opened while
Recovers automatically when the roll paper cover is closed.
printing.
Head temperature error
A high temperature outside the head
Recovers automatically when the print head
cools. drive operating range was detected.
*
: When the memory switch 8-8 is set to OFF (Roll paper cover open while the printer is printing: automatically recoverable error)

Recoverable Errors

The printer cannot print when a recoverable error occurs. It can be recovered easily by turning the power on again or sending an error recovery command from the driver after eliminating the cause of the error.
Error Error description Error LED flash code Condition for Recovery
Roll paper cover open error
*
The roll paper cover was opened while printing.
Recovers when the roll
paper cover is closed
and the error recovery
command is executed
or the power is turned
on again.
18
Chapter 1 Product Overview
LED OFF
LED ON
Approx. 320 ms
Approx. 5120 ms
LED OFF
LED ON
Approx. 320 ms
Approx. 5120 ms
LED OFF
LED ON
Approx. 320 ms
Approx. 5120 ms
LED OFF
LED ON
Approx. 320 ms
Approx. 5120 ms
LED OFF
LED ON
Approx. 5120 ms
Error Error description Error LED flash code Condition for Recovery
Autocutter error The Autocutter
does not work correctly.
LED ON
LED OFF
Approx. 320 ms
Approx. 5120 ms
Recovers when the jammed paper or foreign matter is removed and the roll paper cover is closed, and then the error recovery command is executed or the power is turned on again.
*
: When the memory switch 8-8 is set to ON (Roll paper cover open while the printer is printing: recoverable error)
The error recovery command is valid only if a recoverable error (excluding automatically recoverable errors) occurs.

Unrecoverable Errors

1
The printer cannot print when an unrecoverable error occurs. If the error persists after turning the printer off and then on again, the printer may be defective. Contact qualified service personnel.
Turn off the power immediately when an unrecoverable error occurs.
CAUTION
Error Error description Error LED flash code
R/W error in memory After R/W checking, the printer does not
work correctly.
High voltage error The power supply voltage is extremely
high.
Low voltage error The power supply voltage is extremely
low.
CPU execution error The CPU is executing an incorrect
address.
Internal circuit connection error
Internal circuits are not connected correctly.
19
Error Error description Error LED flash code
LED OFF
LED ON
Approx. 320 ms
Approx. 5120 ms
Interface error Interface error

Status Display

LED Error LED PaperLED
Online ON OFF OFF
Initializing after power-on ON ON -
Running a self-test ON OFF -
Waiting to continue self-test ON OFF Flashing
Feeding using the Feed button ON OFF -
Waiting to execute a macro ON OFF Flashing
Roll paper cover open while the
ON ON -
printer is not printing
No paper ON ON ON
Near end ON OFF ON
While updating firmware Flashing OFF OFF
In power off standby status Flashing OFF OFF
Waiting to print status sheet ON ON Flashing
68* model only: Paper removal
ON OFF Flashing
standby
-: Changes depending on whether or not paper is detected.
20
Chapter 1 Product Overview

NV Memory

The printer is equipped with NV memory (Nonvolatile Memory) to store data even after the printer power is turned off. NV memory contains the following memory areas for the user:
•NV graphics memory
• User NV memory
• Memory switches
• User-defined page
• Maintenance counter
As a guide, NV memory rewriting should be 10 times or less a day when you program applications.

NV Graphics Memory

Graphics, such as shop logos to be printed on receipts, can be stored. Even with a serial interface model whose transmission speed is low, high speed graphic printing is possible. Use the TMFlogo logo registration utility to register graphics.

User NV Memory

You can store and read text data for multiple purposes, such as for storing a note including customizing or maintenance information of the printer.

Memory Switches (Customized Value)

You can configure the serial interface communication conditions and other various settings of the printer. For more information, see
"Software Setting Mode" on page 52.
1

User-defined page

You can store character data in the user-defined page (character code table: page 255) so that you can also print characters not resident in the printer.

Maintenance Counter

With this function, printer information, such as the number of lines printed, the number of autocuts, and printer operation time after the printer starts working, is automatically stored in NV memory. You can read the counter information with the Status API of the APD, OPOS ADK, or ESC/POS commands. You can use the counter information for periodical checks or part replacement.
21
22
Chapter 2 Setup
3. Connecting the AC Adapter (29 page)
6. Connecting the Optional Wireless LAN Unit (36 page)
5. Connecting the Cash Drawer (33 page)
4. Connecting the Printer to the Host (31 page)
2. Changing the Paper Width (25 page)
1. Installing the Printer (24 page)

Setup

This chapter describes setup and installation of the product and peripherals.

Flow of Setup

This chapter consists of the following sections along with the setup flow of the product and peripherals.
2
23

Installing the Printer

<Vertical installation>
<Horizontal installation>
Control panel for vertical installation
You can install the printer horizontally on a flat surface (with the paper exit on top) or vertically (with the paper exit at the front). Also, you can hang it on a wall using the optional wall hanging bracket (WH-10). Attach the control panel label for vertical installation when vertical installation (with the paper exit at the front) is used.
• Do not place the printer in a dusty location.
• Do not knock or strike the printer. Doing so may cause defective printing.
• Be careful not to catch cables or place foreign matter under the printer during
installation.
24

Changing the Paper Width

Install/remove the roll paper guide according to the roll paper width to be used. The width of the installed roll paper guide differs according to the model by factory default.
65* model
Equipped with the 40 mm roll paper guide.
• When using 40 mm width roll paper, use this guide.
• When using 80 mm width roll paper, remove the installed guide.
66*/67*/68* models
Equipped with the 58 mm roll paper guide.
• When using 58 mm width roll paper, use this guide.
• When using 80 mm width roll paper, remove the installed guide.
• When using 40 mm width roll paper, remove the installed guide and install the guide for 40 mm paper supplied with the product.
Chapter 2 Setup
• Because some parts of the print head and the autocutter blade may contact the platen and become worn out, you cannot change a smaller paper width to a larger one once you start using the product.
• The printable area is automatically defined by detecting the installed roll paper guide. However, to change the paper width from 58 mm to 40 mm, using the memory switch is required. (
"Memory Switch 6" on page 40)
2
25

Removing the Roll Paper Guide

Press the cover open lever to open the roll paper cover.
1
While pushing down the roll paper guide lever in the arrow direction, lift the whole roll paper
2
guide to remove it.
26
Chapter 2 Setup
40 mm
58 mm
58 mm
40 mm
Printer Front Side
Hole
Notch
Projection

Installing the Roll Paper Guide

Press the cover open lever to open the roll paper cover.
1
Install the roll paper guide inside the printer.
2
Align the guide with the holes, cutouts, and protrusions in the printer as shown below. The installation position of the roll paper guide is different depending on the width of the roll paper guide.
2
27
Push the lever of the roll paper guide down until the paper guide clicks into place.
3
28

Connecting the AC Adapter

For the AC adapter, use PS-180 or the equivalent. Use the AC cable supplied with the product.
• Use of an unspecified AC adapter may cause fire or electrical shock.
WARNING

AC Adapter Connection Procedure

Make sure the printer is turned off.
1
Remove the cover on the rear side of the printer.
2
• Should a fault ever occur, immediately turn off the power to the printer and unplug the AC cable from the wall socket.
Chapter 2 Setup
2
Connect the DC cable of the AC adapter to the power supply connector (stamped DC 24V).
3
29
Remove any of the knockouts (at 3 locations) on the rear cover and pass the cable through.
Arrow part of connector
4
Close the rear cover.
5
Connect the AC cable to the AC adapter.
6
Connect the AC cable to the power outlet.
7
Before disconnecting the DC cable of the AC adapter from the printer, make sure that the AC cable is disconnected. Then, hold the arrow part of the connector and pull out the cable while keeping it straight.
30
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