Emerson Fisher C1 Instruction Manual

Instruction Manual

D103292X012

C1 Controllers and Transmitters

Fisherr C1 Pneumatic Controllers and
Transmitters

May 2014

Contents

Introduction 2.................................

Scope of Manual 2.............................

Description 2.................................

Specifications 2...............................

Educational Services 2.........................

Installation 6..................................

Standard Installation 6.........................

Panel Mounting 7.............................

Wall Mounting 7..............................

Pipestand Mounting 7.........................

Actuator Mounting 7..........................

Pressure Connections 9........................

Supply Pressure 9..........................

Process Pressure 10........................

Vent Assembly 11.............................

Controller Operation 11.........................

Proportional-Only Controllers 11.................

Adjustments 11...........................

Adjustment: Set Point 11.................

Adjustment: Proportional Band 11..........

Calibration: Proportional-Only Controllers 12...

Startup: Proportional-Only Controllers 15......

Proportional-Plus-Reset Controller 15............

Adjustments 16...........................

Adjustment: Set Point 16.................

Adjustment: Proportional Band 16..........

Adjustment: Reset 16....................

Adjustment: Anti-Reset Windup 17.........

Calibration 17.............................

Calibration: Proportional-Plus-Reset

Controllers 17..........................

Calibration: Anti-Reset Windup 19..........

Startup: Proportional-Plus-Reset

Controllers 20..........................

Differential Gap Controllers 20..................

Adjustments 21...........................

Adjustment: Set Point 21.................

Adjustment: Proportional Band 21..........

Calibration: Differential Gap Controllers 21....

Startup: Differential Gap Controllers 23.......

Transmitter Operation 23........................

Adjustments 23...............................

Adjustment: Zero 23.......................

Adjustment: Span 24.......................

Figure 1. Fisher C1 Controller Yoke-Mounted on
Control Valve Actuator

W9263-1

Calibration: Transmitters 24....................

Startup: Transmitters 26.......................

Principle of Operation 27........................

Proportional-Only Controllers 27.................

Proportional-Plus-Reset Controllers 28............

Controllers with Anti-Reset Windup 28............

Differential Gap Controllers 28..................

Transmitters 29...............................

Maintenance 30................................

Replacing Gauges 30...........................

Replacing Bourdon Tube 31.....................

Replacing Bellows Sensing Element 32............

Changing Proportional or Reset Valve 33..........

Changing Anti-Reset Windup Differential

Relief Valve 33..............................

Changing Action 33............................

Proportional-Only to a Differential

Gap Controller 33.......................

Reverse to Direct Action 34..................

Relay Replacement 36.........................

Changing Output Signal Range 37...............

Parts Ordering 40...............................

www.Fisher.com

C1 Controllers and Transmitters

May 2014

Instruction Manual

D103292X012

Contents (Continued)

Parts Kits 41...................................

Parts List 41...................................

Common Parts 41.............................

Mounting Parts for Panel, Wall, Pipestand

or Actuator Mounting 50.....................

Introduction

Scope of Manual

This instruction manual provides installation, operating, maintenance, and parts information for the Fisher C1 pressure
controllers and transmitters shown in figure 1. Refer to separate instruction manuals for information regarding the
control valve, actuator, and accessories.

Do not install, operate, or maintain C1 pressure controllers and transmitters without first being fully trained and
qualified in valve, actuator, and accessory installation, operation, and maintenance. To avoid personal injury and

property damage, it is important to carefully read, understand, and follow all the contents of this manual, including all
safety cautions and warnings. If you have any questions about these instructions, contact your Emerson Process

Management sales office before proceeding.

Description

The C1 pneumatic pressure controllers and transmitters use a bellows or Bourdon tube sensing element to sense the
gauge pressure, vacuum, compound pressure, or differential pressure of a liquid or gas. The controller or transmitter
output is a pneumatic pressure signal that can be used to operate a final control element, indicating device, or
recording device.

Unless otherwise noted, all NACE references are to NACE MR0175 / ISO15156 & NACE MR0103.

Specifications

Specifications for the C1 controllers and transmitters are listed in table 1. Table 2 explains available configurations and
options.

Educational Services

For information on available courses for C1 controllers and transmitters, as well as a variety of other products, contact:

Emerson Process Management
Educational Services - Registration
Phone: [phone] or [phone]
e-mail: [e-mail]
http://www.emersonprocess.com/education

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Instruction Manual

D103292X012

Table 1. Specifications

C1 Controllers and Transmitters

May 2014

Available Configurations

See table 2

Input Signal

Type: J Gauge pressure, J vacuum, J compound
pressure, or J differential pressure of a liquid or gas
Limits: See table 3 or 4

Output Signal

Proportional-Only or Proportional-Plus-Reset
Controllers and Transmitters:

J 0.2 to 1.0 bar (3 to 15 psig) or
J 0.4 to 2.0 bar (6 to 30 psig) pneumatic pressure

signal

Differential Gap Controllers:

J 0 and 1.4 bar (0 and 20 psig) or
J 0 and 2.4 bar (0 and 35 psig) pneumatic pressure

signal
Action: Control action is field reversible between
J direct (increasing sensed pressure produces
increasing output signal) and J reverse (increasing
sensed pressure produces decreasing output signal).

Supply Pressure Requirements

(1)

See table 5

Supply and Output Connections

1/4 NPT internal

Common Signal Pressure Conversions

See table 6

Proportional Band Adjustment

For Proportional-Only Controllers: Full output
pressure change adjustable from J 2% to 100% of the
sensing element range for 0.2 to 1.0 bar (3 to 15 psig)
or J 4% to 100% of the sensing element range for 0.4
to 2.0 bar (6 to 30 psig)

For Proportional-Plus-Reset Controllers: Full output
pressure change adjustable from J 3% to 100% of the
sensing element range for 0.2 to 1.0 bar (3 to 15
psig), or J 6% to 100% of the sensing element range
for 0.4 to 2.0 bar (6 to 30 psig)

Differential Gap Adjustment

For Differential Gap Controllers:

Full output pressure change adjustable from
15% to 100% of sensing element range

Reset Adjustment

For Proportional-Plus-Reset Controllers: Adjustable
from 0.01 to 74 minutes per repeat (100 to 0.01
repeats per minute)

Supply Pressure Medium

Air or natural gas

Air: Supply pressure must be clean, dry air that meets
the requirements of ISA Standard 7.0.01. A maximum
40 micrometer particle size in the air system is
acceptable. Further filtration down to 5 micrometer
particle size is recommended. Lubricant content is
not to exceed 1 ppm weight (w/w) or volume (v/v)
basis. Condensation in the air supply should be
minimized

Natural Gas: Natural gas must be clean, dry, oil-free,
and noncorrosive. H

S content should not exceed 20

2

ppm.

Steady-State Air Consumption

(2)(3)

0.2 to 1.0 bar (3 to 15 psig): 0.08 normal m3/hour
(3 scfh)

0.4 to 2.0 bar (6 to 30 psig): 0.12 normal m

3

/hour

(4.5 scfh)

−continued−

Zero Adjustment (Transmitters Only)

Continuously adjustable to position span of less than
100% anywhere within the sensing element range

Span Adjustment (Transmitters Only)

Full output pressure change adjustable from 6 to
100% of sensing element range

Performance

Repeatability: 0.5% of sensing element range
Deadband (Except Differential Gap Controllers)

(4)

0.1% of sensing element range

Typical Frequency Response at 100% Proportional
Band

Output to Actuator: 0.7 Hz and 110 degree phase shift
with 1850 cm

3

(113 inches3) volume, actuator at
mid-stroke
Output to Positioner Bellows: 9 Hz and 130 degree
phase shift with 0.2 to 1.0 bar (3 to 15 psig) output to

3

33 cm

(2 inches3) bellows

:

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C1 Controllers and Transmitters

May 2014

Table 1. Specifications (continued)

Instruction Manual

D103292X012

Ambient Operating Temperature Limits

(1)

J Standard Construction: -40 to 71_C (-40 to 160_F)
J High Temperature Construction: -18 to 104_C

(0 to 220_F)
Anti-reset windup (differential pressure relief) and

process pressure gauge options are only available in
the standard construction

If the process temperature is outside the ambient
operating range of the controller, the length of the
capillary tube run from the sensor point to the
controller process input may be adjusted to protect
the controller from the process temperature

Typical Ambient Temperature Operating Influence

Proportional Control only:

$3.0% of output span for each 28_C (50_F) change in
temperature between -40 and 71_C (-40 and 160_F)
for a controller set at 100% proportional band

Proportional-Plus-Reset Control:

$2.0% of output span for each 28_C (50_F) change in
temperature between -40 and 71_C (-40 and 160_F)
for a controller set at 100% proportional band

Transmitters only:

$3.0% of output span for each 28_C (50_F) change in

temperature between -40 and 71_C (-40 and 160_F)
for a transmitter set at 100% span

Hazardous Area Classification

Complies with the requirements of ATEX Group II
Category 2 Gas and Dust

Refer to figure 26 for location of ATEX marking

Approximate Weight

8.2 kg (18 pounds)

Declaration of SEP

Fisher Controls International LLC declares this
product to be in compliance with Article 3 paragraph
3 of the Pressure Equipment Directive (PED) 97 / 23 /
EC. It was designed and manufactured in accordance
with Sound Engineering Practice (SEP) and cannot
bear the CE marking related to PED compliance.

However, the product may bear the CE marking to
indicate compliance with other applicable European
Community Directives.

1. The pressure/temperature limits in this document and any applicable standard or code limitation should not be exceeded.

2. Normal m

3. To convert from air flow rate to natural gas flow rate multiply by 1.29.

4. An adjustable differential gap (differential gap controllers) is equivalent to an adjustable deadband.

3

/hr: normal cubic meters per hour (m3/hr, 0_C and 1.01325 bar, absolute). Scfh: standard cubic feet per hour (ft3/hr, 60_F and 14.7 psig).

Table 2. Available Configurations

DESCRIPTION

Proportional-only controller

Proportional-plus-reset controller

Differential gap controller - - -

Transmitter C1D

Without anti-reset windup

With anti-reset windup - - -

Bourdon Tube Sensing Element

(Gauge Pressure Only)

C1P C1B

TYPE NUMBER

Bellows Sensing Element

Gauge Pressure Differential Pressure

C1D

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Instruction Manual

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C1 Controllers and Transmitters

May 2014

Table 3. Bourdon Tube Pressure Range and Materials

PRESSURE RANGES

(1,2)

MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE STATIC PRESSURE LIMITS

Standard With Optional Travel Stop

Bar Psig Bar Psig Bar Psig

0 to 2.0
0 to 4.0
0 to 7.0

0 to 14
0 to 20
0 to 40
0 to 70

0 to 100
0 to 200
0 to 350

0 to 550
0 to 700

1. If the process can trip to a pressure outside of the operating range of the sensing element, a commercially available device, such as an overpressure protector, may be used to protect
against pressure surges and pulsations.

2. Range marked on Bourdon tube may be in kPa (1 bar = 100 kPa)

3. Bourdon tube may be pressurized to limit shown without permanent zero shift.

4. With travel stop set at 110% of the range.

5. Bourdon tubes are also available in NACE compliant material. Contact your Emerson Process Management sales office for additional information.

0 to 30
0 to 60
0 to 100

0 to 200
0 to 300
0 to 600
0 to 1000

0 to 1500
0 to 3000
0 to 5000

0 to 8000
0 to 10.000

2.0

4.0

7.0
14

20
40
70

100
200
350

550
700

30
60

100
200

300
600

1000
1500

3000
5000

8000

10,000

3.3

6.6
11

19
29
50
83

115
230
380

550
700

(3)

48
96

160
280

420
720

1200
1650

3300
5500

8000

10,000

(4)

MATERIAL

(5)

316 stainless steel

Table 4. Bellows Pressure Ranges and Materials

MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE STATIC

PRESSURE LIMITS

PRESSURE RANGES

(1)

Brass

Construction

Bar Psig Bar Psig

Vacuum

0 to 340 mbar (0 to 10 inch Hg)
0 to 1.0 bar (0 to 30 inch Hg)

75 mbar vac. to 75 mbar (30 inch wc vac. to 30 inch wc)

0 to 150 mbar (0 to 60 inch wc)

Compound Pressure

500 mbar vac. to 500 mbar (15 inch Hg vac. to 7.5 psig)

1.0 bar vac. to 1.0 bar (30 inch Hg vac. to 15 psig)

Gauge Pressure

0 to 150 mbar (0 to 60 inch wc)
0 to 250 mbar
0 to 350 mbar

(3)

(0 to 100 inch wc)

(4)

(0 to 140 inch wc)

0 to 0.35 bar (0 to 5 psig)

Positive pressure

0 to 0.5 bar (0 to 7.5 psig)
0 to 0.7 bar (0 to 10 psig)

0 to 1.0 bar (0 to 15 psig)
0 to 1.4 bar (0 to 20 psig)
0 to 2.0 bar (0 to 30 psig)

0 to 300 mbar (0 to 80 inch wc)

Differential Pressure

(5)

0 to 0.7 bar (0 to 10 psi)
0 to 1.4 bar (0 to 20 psi)
0 to 2.0 bar (0 to 30 psi)

1. If the process can trip to a pressure outside of the operating range of the sensing element, a commercially available device, such as an overpressure protector, may be used to protect
against pressure surges and pulsations.

2. Bellows may be pressured to limit shown without permanent zero shift.

3. Transmitter only.

4. Except transmitter.

5. The overrange limit for these sensing elements is a differential pressure equal to the maximum allowable static pressure limit.

1.4

2.8

2.8

1.4

2.8

2.8

1.4

1.4

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

1.4

2.8

2.8

---

20
40
40

20
40
40

20
20
40
40
40

40
40
40
40

20
40
40

---

(2)

Stainless Steel

Construction

---

---

6.9

---

6.9

6.9

---

---

---

---

---

---

6.9

---

6.9

---

---

---

6.9

---

---

100

--­100
100

---

---

---

---

---

--­100

--­100

---

---

--­100

Table 5. Supply Pressure Requirements

Output Signal Range

Bar

Psig

1. If this pressure is exceeded, control may be impaired.

0.2 to 1.0 or 0 and 1.4 (differential gap) 1.4 2.8

0.4 to 2.0 or 0 and 2.4 (differential gap) 2.4 2.8
3 to 15 or 0 and 20 (differential gap) 20 40
6 to 30 or 0 and 35 (differential gap) 35 40

Normal Operating Supply

Pressure

(1)

Maximum Allowable Supply Pressure To Prevent

Internal Part Damage

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C1 Controllers and Transmitters

May 2014

Instruction Manual

D103292X012

Table 6. Common Signal Pressure Conversions

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.8

0.8

1.0

1.0

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.8

1.9

2.0

2.2

2.3

2.5

3.5

5.6

7.0

10.5

2

(3)

Mps kg/cm

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.15

0.17

0.18

0.20

0.22

0.23

0.24

0.34

0.55

0.69

1.03

1. Values as listed in ANSI/S7.4.

2. Values as listed in IEC Standard 382.

3. Values rounded to correspond with kPa values.

bar kPa Psi

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.8

0.8

1.0

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.5

1.7

1.9

2.0

2.2

2.3

2.4

3.4

5.5

6.9

10.3

(2)

(2)

(3)

20

35

40

50
60

75
80
95

100

125
140

150
170
185

200

220
230
240
345
550

690

1035

(1)

(1)

(1)

(1)

3
5
6
7
9

11
12
14
15
18

20
22
25
27
30

32
33
35
50
80

100
150

Installation

WARNING

To avoid personal injury or property damage resulting from the sudden release of pressure:

D Always wear protective clothing, gloves, and eyewear when performing any installation operations.

D Personal injury or property damage may result from fire or explosion if natural gas is used as the supply medium and

appropriate preventive measures are not taken. Preventive measures may include, but are not limited to, one or more
of the following; remote venting of the unit, re-evaluating the hazardous area classification, ensuring adequate
ventilation, and the removal of any ignition sources. For information on remote venting of this controller/ transmitter,
refer to page 11.

D If installing into an existing application, also refer to the WARNING at the beginning of the Maintenance section in this

instruction manual.

D Check with your process or safety engineer for any additional measures that must be taken to protect against process

media.

Standard Installation

The instruments are normally mounted vertical with the case/cover as shown in figure 1. If installing the instrument in
any other position, be sure that the vent opening shown in figure 2 is facing downward.

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Instruction Manual

D103292X012

C1 Controllers and Transmitters

May 2014

Panel Mounting

Refer to figure 2.

Cut a hole in the panel surface according to the dimensions shown in figure 2. Remove the cap screws (key 252),
brackets (key 251), and vent assembly (key 28). Slide the controller or transmitter into the cutout and reattach the
brackets. Tighten the cap screw located in the center of each bracket to draw the case snugly and evenly against the
panel. Reinstall the vent unless a remote vent will be used.

Wall Mounting

Refer to figure 2.

Drill four holes in the wall using the dimensions shown in figure 2. In the bracket (key 251) are 8.7 mm (0.3438 inch)
diameter holes. Back out the cap screw located in the center of each bracket. (The screws are used for panel mounting
but are not required for wall mounting.) If tubing runs through the wall, drill holes in the wall to accommodate the
tubings. Figure 2 shows the pressure connection locations in the back of the case.

Mount the controller to the bracket using the four cap screws (key 252) provided. Attach the bracket to the wall, using
suitable screws or bolts.

Pipestand Mounting

Refer to figure 2.

Use a hammer and punch to knock out the blanks in the two holes indicated in the back view of figure 2. Attach the
spacer spools (key 228) and the mounting plate (key 213) to the controller with cap screws, lock washers, and nuts
(keys 215, 221, and 216). Attach the controller to a 2-inch (nominal) pipe with pipe clamps (key 250).

Actuator Mounting

Refer to figure 3.

Controllers specified for mounting on a control valve actuator are mounted at the factory. If the instrument is ordered
separately for installation on a control valve actuator, mount the instrument according to the following instructions.

Mounting parts for the different actuator types and sizes vary. Two typical actuator-mounting installations are shown
in figure 3; see the parts list for parts required for the specific actuator type and size involved.

Use a hammer and punch to knock out the blanks in the two holes indicated in the back view of figure 2. Attach the
spacer spools (key 228) and the mounting plate (key 213) to the controller with machine screws, lock washers, and
nuts (keys 215, 221, and 216).

Attach the mounting bracket to the actuator yoke with cap screws (key 222) and, if needed, spacer spools. On some
designs, the mounting bracket is attached to the actuator diaphragm casing rather than to the yoke.

7

C1 Controllers and Transmitters

May 2014

Figure 2. Panel, Wall, and Pipestand Mounting

180.8
(7.12)

2 INCH
(NOMINAL)
PIPE

65.8

(2.59)

23.1

(0.91)

63.5

(2.50)

Instruction Manual

D103292X012

63.5

(2.50)

VENT ASSEMBLY
(KEY 28)

PIPESTAND MOUNTING

8.7

(11/32)

MOUNTING
HOLES

PANEL MOUNTING WALL MOUNTING

NOTES:

1. ALL CONNECTIONS ARE 1/4 NPT INTERNAL.
2

HIGH-PRESSURE CONNECTION FOR DIFFERENTIAL-PRESSURE UNITS.
3

LOW-PRESSURE CONNECTION FOR DIFFERENTIAL-PRESSURE UNITS.

E1052

142.7
(5.62)

KNOCK-OUT

BACK VIEW

218.9
(8.62)

CUTOUT FOR
PANEL MOUNTING

69.1

(2.72)

KNOCK-OUT

244.3
(9.62)

215.9

(8.50)

14.3

(0.56) R

FOUR HOLES
FOR WALL
MOUNTING

101.6
(4.00)

mm

(INCH)

8

Instruction Manual

D103292X012

Figure 3. Actuator Mounting

C1 Controllers and Transmitters

May 2014

SUPPLY PRESSURE
REGULATOR

SUPPLY PRESSURE
REGULATOR

GE33947-A

GE33946-A

TYPICAL ROTARY ACTUATOR

TYPICAL SLIDING-STEM ACTUATOR

Pressure Connections

WARNING

To avoid personal injury or property damage resulting from the sudden release of pressure, do not install any system
component where service conditions could exceed the limits given in this manual. Use pressure-relieving devices as
required by government or accepted industry codes and good engineering practices.

All pressure connections on C1 instruments are 1/4 NPT internal. Use 6 mm (1/4-inch) or 10 mm (3/8-inch) pipe or
tubing for supply and output piping. The pressure connection locations are shown in figure 2.

Supply Pressure

WARNING

Severe personal injury or property damage may occur from an uncontrolled process if the instrument supply medium is not
clean, dry, oil-free and noncorrosive. While use and regular maintenance of a filter that removes particles larger than 40
micrometers in diameter will suffice in most applications, check with an Emerson Process Management field office and
industry instrument supply medium quality standards for use with hazardous gas or if you are unsure about the proper
amount or method of air filtration or filter maintenance.

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Instruction Manual

D103292X012

Supply pressure must be clean, dry air that meets the requirements of ISA Standard 7.0.01. A maximum 40
micrometer particle size in the air system is acceptable. Further filtration down to 5 micrometer particle size is
recommended. Lubricant content is not to exceed 1 ppm weight (w/w) or volume (v/v) basis. Condensation in the air
supply should be minimized. Alternatively, natural gas may be used as the supply pressure medium. Gas must be
clean, dry, oil-free, and noncorrosive. H

S content should not exceed 20 ppm.

2

Use a suitable supply pressure regulator to reduce the supply pressure source to the normal operating supply pressure
shown in table 5. Connect supply pressure to the SUPPLY connection at the back of the case.

WARNING

To avoid personal injury or property damage resulting from the sudden release of process pressure, use a high pressure
regulator system when operating the controller or transmitter from a high pressure source.

If operating the controller or transmitter from a high pressure source [up to 138 bar (2000 psig)], use a high pressure
regulator system, such as the Fisher 1367 High Pressure Instrument Supply System. For 1367 system installation,
adjustment, and maintenance information, refer to the 1367 High-Pressure Instrument Supply System with
Overpressure Protection instruction manual, D100343X012.

Process Pressure

WARNING

To avoid personal injury or property damage resulting from the sudden release of pressure when using corrosive media,
make sure the tubing and instrument components that contact the corrosive medium are of suitable noncorrosive
material.

Also refer to the Installation Warning at the beginning of this section.

The pressure connections to the controller depend upon the type of pressure sensing, gauge or differential. Gauge
pressure controllers use either a Bourdon tube or bellows as the sensing element, as indicated in table 2. Differential
pressure controllers use two bellows to sense differential pressure.

For gauge pressure instruments: The control pressure block (key 10 in figure 22) has two connections. Process
pressure can be connected either to the CONTROL connection on the back of the case, or to the connection on the left
side of the case, shown in figure 2, depending on the instrument application. Plug the unused connection.

For differential pressure instruments: Connect the low pressure line to the CONTROL connection on the side of the
case and the high pressure line to the CONTROL connection on the back of the case as shown in figure 2.

When installing process piping, follow accepted practices to ensure accurate transmission of the process pressure to
the controller or transmitter. Install shutoff valves, vents, drains, or seal systems as needed in the process pressure
lines. If the instrument is located such that the adjacent process pressure lines will be approximately horizontal, the
lines should slope downward to the instrument for liquid-filled lines and upward to instruments for gas-filled lines. This
will minimize the possibility of air becoming trapped in the sensor with liquid-filled lines or of condensation becoming
trapped with gas-filled lines. The recommended slope is 83 mm per meter (1 inch per foot).

If a controller is being used in conjunction with a control valve to control pipeline pressure, connect the process
pressure line in a straight section of pipe approximately 10 pipe diameters from the valve but away from bends,
elbows, and areas of abnormal fluid velocities. For pressure-reducing service, the process line must be connected
downstream of the valve. For pressure-relief service, the process pressure line must be connected upstream of the
control valve. Install a needle valve in the process pressure line to dampen pulsations.

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C1 Controllers and Transmitters

May 2014

Vent Assembly

WARNING

Personal injury or property damage could result from fire or explosion of accumulated gas, or from contact with hazardous
gas, if a flammable or hazardous gas is used as the supply pressure medium. Because the instrument case and cover
assembly do not form a gas-tight seal when the assembly is enclosed, a remote vent line, adequate ventilation, and
necessary safety measures should be used to prevent the accumulation of flammable or hazardous gas. However, a remote
vent pipe alone cannot be relied upon to remove all flammable and hazardous gas. Vent line piping should comply with
local and regional codes, and should be be as short as possible with adequate inside diameter and few bends to reduce case
pressure buildup.

CAUTION

When installing a remote vent pipe, take care not to overtighten the pipe in the vent connection. Excessive torque will
damage the threads in the connection.

The vent assembly (key 28, figure 2) or the end of a remote vent pipe must be protected against the entrance of all
foreign matter that could plug the vent. Use 13 mm (1/2-inch) pipe for the remote vent pipe, if one is required. Check
the vent periodically to be certain it has not become plugged.

Controller Operation

Proportional-Only Controllers

This section describes the adjustments and procedures for calibration and startup. Adjustment locations are shown in
figure 4 unless otherwise specified. All adjustments must be made with the cover open. When the adjustments and
calibration procedures are complete, close and latch the cover.

To better understand the adjustments and overall operation of the controller, refer to the Principle of Operation
section in this manual for proportional-only controllers. Refer also to the schematic diagram in figure 13.

Adjustments

Adjustment: Set Point

Adjust the pressure setting knob by turning the knob clockwise to increase the set point and counterclockwise to
decrease the set point. Note that the dial setting and actual process pressure may vary significantly, especially with a
wide proportional band setting.

Adjustment: Proportional Band

To adjust the proportional band, rotate the proportional band adjustment knob to the desired value.

The proportional band adjustment determines the amount of change in controlled pressure required to cause the
control valve to stroke fully. It may be adjusted from 2 to 100 percent for 0.2 to 1.0 bar (3 to 15 psig) or 4 to 100
percent for 0.4 to 2.0 bar (6 to 30 psig) of the nominal sensing element pressure rating.

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Instruction Manual

D103292X012

Calibration: Proportional-Only Controllers

Unless otherwise indicated, key number locations are shown in figure 4.

Provide a process pressure source capable of simulating the process pressure range of the controller. If an output
pressure gauge is not provided, install a suitable pressure gauge for calibration purposes.

Figure 4. Proportional-Only Controller Adjustment Locations

PRESSURE SETTING KNOB
(KEY 58)

PRESSURE SETTING
DIAL (KEY 6)

PROPORTIONAL BAND
ADJUSTMENT KNOB

GE28280-B
E1059

CALIBRATION ADJUSTER (KEY 36)

ADJUSTER SCREWS (KEY 48)

FLAPPER (KEY 40)

NOZZLE (KEY 54)

Connect a pressure source to the supply pressure regulator and be sure the regulator is delivering the correct supply
pressure to the controller. The controller must be connected open loop (Open loop: The controller output pressure
changes must be dead ended into a pressure gauge). The following procedures use a 0.2 to 1.0 bar (3 to 15 psig)
output pressure range as an example. For a 0.4 to 2.0 bar (6 to 30 psig) output range, adjust the values as appropriate.

1. Complete the above connections and provide a process pressure equal to the sensing element range.

2. Rotate the proportional band adjustment knob, shown in figure 4, to 1.5 (15 percent proportional band).

3. Verify that the calibration adjuster screws (key 48) are at mid-position in the calibration adjuster (key 36) slots.

Depending upon the controller action, perform one or the other of the following procedures.

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For reverse-acting controllers:

4. Apply an input pressure equal to the sensing element upper range value.

5. Rotate the pressure setting knob to the maximum value.

6. Adjust the nozzle (key 54) until the controller output pressure is between 0.6 and 0.7 bar (8 and 10 psig).

7. Apply an input pressure equal to the sensing element lower range value.

8. Rotate the pressure setting knob to the minimum value.

Note

When performing the span adjustment in step 9, do not watch the output gauge while changing the calibration adjuster. The
change in output is not a good indication of the change in span. While moving the calibration adjuster, the output pressure may
change in the opposite direction than expected. For example, while moving the calibration adjuster to increase span, the output
pressure may decrease. This should be disregarded since even though the output pressure decreases, the span is increasing.

Proper controller response depends on nozzle-to-flapper alignment.

When performing span adjustments, carefully loosen both calibration adjuster screws while holding the calibration adjuster in
place. Then move the calibration adjuster slightly in the required direction by hand or using a screwdriver. Verify proper
nozzle-to-flapper alignment and hold the calibration adjuster in place while tightening both adjustment screws.

9. If the output is not between 0.6 and 0.7 bar (8 and 10 psig), adjust the controller span by loosening the two
adjusting screws (key 48) and moving the calibration adjuster (key 36) a small distance as indicated in figure 5.

10. Repeat steps 4 through 9 until no further adjustment is necessary.

11. Proceed to the startup procedure for proportional controllers.

Figure 5. Reverse-Acting Controller Span Adjustment — Proportional-Only Controllers

IF OUTPUT IS:

ABOVE

8 TO 10 PSIG

(0.6 TO 0.7 BAR)

MOVE ADJUSTER

NOTE:
3 TO 15 PSIG (0.2 TO 1.0 BAR) OUTPUT SHOWN.
FOR 6 TO 30 PSIG (0.4 TO 2.0 BAR) OUTPUT, ADJUST
VALUES AS APPROPRIATE.

A6155-1

LEFT

FLAPPER

NOZZLE

BELOW

8 TO 10 PSIG

(0.6 TO 0.7 BAR)

MOVE ADJUSTER
RIGHT

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Instruction Manual

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For direct-acting controllers:

4. Apply an input pressure equal to the sensing element lower range value.

5. Rotate the pressure setting knob to the minimum value.

6. Adjust the nozzle (key 54) until the controller output pressure is between 0.6 and 0.7 bar (8 and 10 psig.)

7. Apply an input pressure equal to the sensing element upper range value.

8. Rotate the pressure setting knob to the maximum value.

Note

When performing the span adjustment in step 9, do not watch the output gauge while changing the calibration adjuster. The
change in output is not a good indication of the change in span. While moving the calibration adjuster, the output pressure may
change in the opposite direction than expected. For example, while moving the calibration adjuster to increase span, the output
pressure may decrease. This should be disregarded since even though the output pressure decreases, the span is increasing.

Proper controller response depends on nozzle-to-flapper alignment.

When performing span adjustments, carefully loosen both calibration adjuster screws while holding the calibration adjuster in
place. Then move the calibration adjuster slightly in the required direction by hand or using a screwdriver. Verify proper
nozzle-to-flapper alignment and hold the calibration adjuster in place while tightening both adjustment screws.

9. If the output is not between 0.6 and 0.7 bar (8 and 10 psig), adjust the controller span by loosening the two
adjusting screws (key 48) and moving the calibration adjuster (key 36) a small distance as indicated in figure 6.

10. Repeat steps 4 through 9 until no further adjustment is necessary.

11. Proceed to the startup procedure for proportional controllers.

Figure 6. Direct-Acting Controller Span Adjustment—Proportional-Only Controllers

IF OUTPUT IS:

BELOW

8 TO 10 PSIG

(0.6 TO 0.7 BAR)

MOVE ADJUSTER

NOTE:
3 TO 15 PSIG (0.2 TO 1.0 BAR) OUTPUT SHOWN.
FOR 6 TO 30 PSIG (0.4 TO 2.0 BAR) OUTPUT, ADJUST
VALUES AS APPROPRIATE.

A6154

LEFT

FLAPPER

NOZZLE

ABOVE

8 TO 10 PSIG

(0.6 TO 0.7 BAR)

MOVE ADJUSTER
RIGHT

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Startup: Proportional-Only Controllers (General Tuning Guidelines)

Calibrate the controller prior to this procedure.

1. Be sure that the supply pressure regulator is delivering the proper supply pressure to the controller.

2. Rotate the pressure setting knob to the desired set point.

3. Set the proportional band adjustment to 100 percent for fast processes (example: liquid pressure or liquid flow). For
slow processes (example: temperature), calculate the percentage from the equation below:

For a slow process, determine the initial proportional band setting in percent from the following equation:

2 AllowableOvershoot

PressureSpan

For example:

2 0.14bar

2.1bar

2 2psig

(

30psig

1.3 proportional band setting

4. Proportional Action

Disturb the system by tapping the flapper lightly or change the set point a small amount and check for system cycling.
If the system does not cycle then lower the proportional band (raising the gain) and disturb the system again.
Continue this procedure until the system cycles. At that point, double the proportional band setting.

Note

Proportional band adjustment affects the set point. Proportional-only controllers will show some offset from set point depending
upon proportional band setting and process demand. After adjusting the proportional band, re-zero by carefully rotating the
nozzle (key 54) until the steady-state process pressure equals the pressure setting dial reading.

100% ^ 13%

100% ^ 13%

100% + P.B.

)

This tuning procedure may be too conservative for some systems. The recommended proportional band setting
should be checked for stability by introducing a disturbance and monitoring the process.

Proportional-Plus-Reset Controllers

This section describes the adjustments and procedures for calibration and startup. The adjustment locations are
shown in figure 7 unless otherwise specified. All adjustments must be made with the cover open. When the
adjustments and calibration procedures are complete, close and latch the cover. To better understand the
adjustments and overall operation of the controller, refer to the Principle of Operation section in this manual for
proportional-plus-reset controllers. Refer also to the schematic diagram in figure 13.

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Figure 7. Proportional-Plus-Reset Controller Adjustment Locations

RESET ADJUSTMENT KNOB

Instruction Manual

D103292X012

PRESSURE SETTING KNOB
(KEY 58)

PRESSURE SETTING
DIAL (KEY 6)

GE28281-B
E1060

CALIBRATION ADJUSTER (KEY 36)

ADJUSTER SCREWS (KEY 48)

FLAPPER (KEY 40)

NOZZLE (KEY 54)

PROPORTIONAL BAND
ADJUSTMENT KNOB

Adjustments

Adjustment: Set Point

Adjust the pressure setting knob by turning the knob clockwise to increase the set point and counterclockwise to
decrease the set point.

Rotate the knob until the indicator points to the desired set point pressure value. The pressure setting dial will reflect
the desired set point if the controller is accurately calibrated.

Adjustment: Proportional Band

To adjust the proportional band, rotate the proportional band adjustment knob to the desired value.

The proportional band adjustment determines the amount of change in controlled pressure required to cause the
control valve to stroke fully. It may be adjusted from 3 to 100 percent for 0.2 to 1.0 bar (3 to 15 psig) or 6 to 100
percent for 0.4 to 2.0 bar (6 to 30 psig) of the nominal sensing element pressure rating.

Adjustment: Reset

To adjust reset action turn the knob clockwise to decrease the minutes per repeat. Turn the knob counterclockwise to
increase the minutes per repeat. Increasing the minutes per repeat provides a slower reset action.

The reset adjustment dial is calibrated in minutes per repeat. By definition, this is the time in minutes required for the
reset action to produce an output change which is equal to the change produced by proportional control action. This is

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