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Casio CTK-3000, LK-220, LK-105 User Manual 2

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CTK-2000/CTK-3000/LK-220/LK-105
MIDI Implementation
CASIO COMPUTER CO., LTD.
Contents
Part I MIDI Message Overview
1 Product Configuration as a MIDI Device.......................................................................................... 3
1.1 Performance Controller Section .......................................................................................................... 3
1.2 Sound Generator Section.................................................................................................................... 3
1.2.1 Sound Generator Common Block .......................................................................................................... 3
1.2.2 Instrument Part Block............................................................................................................................. 4
2 Timbre Type Specific Operation ...................................................................................................... 5
3 Conditions that Disable Message Send and Receive ...................................................................... 5
Part II Channel Message
6 Note Off ........................................................................................................................................... 6
7 Note On ........................................................................................................................................... 6
9 Control Change................................................................................................................................ 7
9.1 Bank Select (00H, 20H)....................................................................................................................... 7
9.2 Modulation (01H) ................................................................................................................................. 8
9.3 Data Entry (06H, 26H) ......................................................................................................................... 8
9.4 Volume (07H) ...................................................................................................................................... 8
9.5 Pan (0AH)............................................................................................................................................ 9
9.6 Expression (0BH) ................................................................................................................................ 9
9.7 Hold1 (40H) ......................................................................................................................................... 9
9.8 Sostenuto (42H) ................................................................................................................................ 10
9.9 Soft (43H) .......................................................................................................................................... 10
9.10 Reverb Send (5BH) ........................................................................................................................... 10
9.11 NRPN (62H, 63H) .............................................................................................................................. 11
9.12 RPN (64H, 65H) ................................................................................................................................ 11
9.12.1 Pitch Bend Sensitivity .......................................................................................................................... 11
9.12.2 Fine Tune.............................................................................................................................................. 12
9.12.3 Coarse Tune.......................................................................................................................................... 12
9.12.4 Null....................................................................................................................................................... 12
1
9.13 All Sound Off (78H) ........................................................................................................................... 13
9.14 Reset All Controllers (79H) ................................................................................................................ 13
10.1 All Notes Off (7BH) ............................................................................................................................ 13
10.2 Omni Off (7CH).................................................................................................................................. 13
10.3 Omni On (7DH).................................................................................................................................. 14
10.4 Mono (7EH) ....................................................................................................................................... 14
10.5 Poly (7FH) ......................................................................................................................................... 14
11.1 About the Timbre Type ...................................................................................................................... 15
13 Pitch Bend ..................................................................................................................................... 15
Part III System Messages
14 Timing Clock .................................................................................................................................. 16
15 Start ............................................................................................................................................... 16
16 Stop ............................................................................................................................................... 16
17 Active Sensing ............................................................................................................................... 16
18 System Exclusive Message ........................................................................................................... 17
18.1 Universal Realtime System Exclusive Message................................................................................ 17
18.1.1 Master Volume .....................................................................................................................................17
18.1.2 Master Fine Tuning .............................................................................................................................. 17
18.1.3 Master Coarse Tuning .......................................................................................................................... 18
18.1.4 Reverb Parameter .................................................................................................................................18
18.1.5 GM System Message............................................................................................................................ 18
18.1.6 GS Message.......................................................................................................................................... 19
Part IV Setting Values and Send/Receive Values
19.1 Off/On Setting Value Table .............................................................. 20
19.2 -64 - 0 - +63 Setting Value Table ......................................................... 20
19.3 Pan Setting Value Table ................................................................20
19.4 -100 - 0 - +99 Setting Value Table ........................................................ 20
19.5 Reverb Time Setting Value Table ........................................................ 20
Part V MIDI Implementation Notation
20 Value Notation ............................................................................................................................... 21
20.1 Hexadecimal Notation ....................................................................................................................... 21
20.2 Binary Notation .................................................................................................................................. 21
2
Part I
MIDI Message Overview
1 Product Configuration as a MIDI Device
In terms of a MIDI device, this Instrument consists of a Performance Controller Section and Sound Generator Section. Each of these sections can send and receive specific MIDI Messages in accordance with its function.
1.1 Performance Controller Section
The Performance Controller Section performs keyboard play and controller operations, and generates performance messages in accordance with auto play, etc. Basically, generated performance messages are sent to external destinations while also being transmitted to the Sound Generator Section. The channel number of the sent channel message is in accordance with Instrument's instrument part number.
MIDI Output Performance Information
The following describes the performance information that is output and is not output as MIDI signals.
• Output performance
– Keyboard play by the performer
– Auto accompaniment
• Non-output performance
– Demo performance
– Song playback
– Lesson function
– Music Challenge
1.2 Sound Generator Section
The Sound Generator Section consists of a channel-independent common block and an independent instrument part specific to each channel. Mainly it receives performance information and sound source setting information.
1.2.1 Sound Generator Common Block
The common block consists of system effects, mixer master control, etc. A number of the parameters of these items can be controlled by universal system exclusive messages.
3
1.2.2 Instrument Part Block
The instrument parts of the sound generator can be operated or their settings can be changed with channel messages. The 32 instrument parts of this Instrument are divided between Group A and Group B, each of which has 16 instrument parts. Only Group B can be controlled by external channel messages. As shown in the following table, there is a fixed relationship between channel message receive channel numbers and instrument parts.
Number Name
00 A01 1 Keyboard
01 A02 2 —
02 A03 3 —
03 A04 4 —
04 A05 5 —
05 A06 6 Guide Sound
06 A07 7 Guide Voice
07 A08 8 Metronome
08 A09 9 Auto Accompaniment (Percussion)
09 A10 10 Auto Accompaniment (Drum)
10 A11 11 Auto Accompaniment (Bass)
11 A12 12 Auto Accompaniment (Chord 1)
12 A13 13 Auto Accompaniment (Chord 2)
13 A14 14 Auto Accompaniment (Chord 3)
14 A15 15 Auto Accompaniment (Chord 4)
15 A16 16 Auto Accompaniment (Chord 5)
16 B01 1 MIDI/Auto Performance Functions
17 B02 2 MIDI/Auto Performance Functions
18 B03 3 MIDI/Auto Performance Functions
19 B04 4 MIDI/Auto Performance Functions
20 B05 5 MIDI/Auto Performance Functions
21 B06 6 MIDI/Auto Performance Functions
22 B07 7 MIDI/Auto Performance Functions
23 B08 8 MIDI/Auto Performance Functions
24 B09 9 MIDI/Auto Performance Functions
25 B10 10 MIDI/Auto Performance Functions
26 B11 11 MIDI/Auto Performance Functions
27 B12 12 MIDI/Auto Performance Functions
28 B13 13 MIDI/Auto Performance Functions
29 B14 14 MIDI/Auto Performance Functions
30 B15 15 MIDI/Auto Performance Functions
31 B16 16 MIDI/Auto Performance Functions
Channel
Assigned Function
4
2 Timbre Type Specific Operation
The sound source operation performed for a received message depends on the current Timbre Type value (see "11.1 About the Timbre Type), which is the operation mode of each sound generator instrument part. For details, see the explanation for each message.
3 Conditions that Disable Message Send and Receive
All MIDI messages send and receive is disabled during auto play by the Instrument.
5
Part II
Channel Message
4 Receive Channel
The channel number of the channel message received by each part is shown in the table under "1.2.2 Instrument Part Block".
5 Send Channel
Basically, the MIDI channel of the channel message sent when the Instrument is played coincides with the MIDI channel of the part being played. Note, however, that the MIDI channel of the performance information that corresponds to the keyboard main part is the Keyboard Channel setting value.
6 Note Off
Format
Message Format: 8nH kkH vvH
9nH kkH 00H (receive only)
n: MIDI Channel Number
kk: Key Number
vv: Velocity
Send 40H
Receive Ignored
Send
Sent when something is played on the keyboard or when auto accompaniment is used.
Receive
Received by Instrument parts corresponding to MIDI. The velocity value is ignored.
7Note On
Format
Message Format: 9nH kkH vvH
n: MIDI Channel Number
kk: Key Number
vv: Velocity
Send
Sent when something is played on the keyboard.
Receive
Received by Instrument parts corresponding to MIDI.
6
8 Polyphonic Key Pressure
Format
Message Format: AnH kkH vvH
n: MIDI Channel Number
kk: Key Number
vv: Pressure Value
Send
This message is not sent by this Instrument.
Receive
This message is not received by this Instrument.
9 Control Change
Format
Message Format: BnH ccH vvH
n: MIDI Channel Number
cc: Control Number
vv: Value
Send
Sent when the Instrument's pedal is operated or when Instrument settings are changed.
Receive
Receipt changes the pedal and other performance conditions, and Instrument settings.
9.1 Bank Select (00H, 20H)
Format
Message Format: BnH 00H mmH (MSB)
BnH 20H llH (LSB)
n: MIDI Channel Number
mm: MSB Value (Note1)
ll: LSB Value
Send 00H
Receive Ignored
Note 1:
For details about the relationship between the MSB value and the tone, see the Tone List that comes with the Instrument.
Send
Sent when a tone is selected. The LSB value is always 00H.
Receive
Receipt causes a change in the tone bank number stored in Instrument memory, but the tone is not actually changed until a Program Change message is received. For details, see "11 Program Change". The LSB value is ignored.
7
9.2 Modulation (01H)
Format
Message Format: BnH 01H vvH
n: MIDI Channel Number
vv: Value
Send
This message is not sent by this Instrument.
Receive
Receipt adds, to the tone being sounded, modulation of a depth specified by the value. In the case of a tone that already has modulation applied, receipt of this message increases the modulation depth. The modulation effect differs according to the tone being used.
9.3 Data Entry (06H, 26H)
Format
Message Format: BnH 06H mmH (MSB)
BnH 26H llH (LSB)
n: MIDI Channel Number
mm: MSB Value
ll: LSB Value
Send
Sent when there is a change to the parameter assigned to RPN. This Instrument does not have a parameter that corresponds to NRPN.
Receive
Receipt changes the parameter assigned to RPN. This Instrument does not have a parameter that corresponds to NRPN.
9.4 Volume (07H)
Format
Message Format: BnH 07H vvH
n: MIDI Channel Number
vv: Value
Send
Sent when auto accompaniment is used.
Receive
Receipt changes the volume of the corresponding part.
8
9.5 Pan (0AH)
Format
Message Format: BnH 0AH vvH
n: MIDI Channel Number
vv: Value (Note1)
Note 1:
For information about the relationship between setting values and send/receive values, see "19.3 Pan Setting Value Table" in "Part IV Setting Values and Send/Receive Values".
Send
Sent when auto accompaniment is used.
Receive
Receipt changes the pan setting of the corresponding part.
9.6 Expression (0BH)
Format
Message Format: BnH 0BH vvH
n: MIDI Channel Number
vv: Value
Send
Sent when auto accompaniment is used.
Receive
Receipt changes the Expression value.
9.7 Hold1 (40H)
Format
Message Format: BnH 40H vvH
n: MIDI Channel Number
vv: Value (Note1)
Note 1:
For information about the relationship between setting values and send/receive values, see the "19.1 Off/On Setting Value Table" in "Part IV Setting Values and Send/Receive Values" of this document.
Send
Sent when a pedal that has a sustain (damper) function is operated.
Receive
Receipt performs an operation equivalent to a sustain pedal operation.
9
Timbre Type Specific Operation
This operation differs in accordance with the Timbre Type (see "11.1 About the Timbre Type") setting.
• Timbre Type: Melody
Sustain off/on control is performed in accordance with the value of the received message.
• Timbre Type: Drum
The received message does not affect sound source operation.
9.8 Sostenuto (42H)
Format
Message Format: BnH 42H vvH
n: MIDI Channel Number
vv: Value (Note1)
Note 1:
For information about the relationship between setting values and send/receive values, see the "19.1 Off/On Setting Value Table" in "Part IV Setting Values and Send/Receive Values" of this document.
Send
Sent when a pedal that has a sostenuto function is operated.
Receive
Receipt performs an operation equivalent to a sostenuto pedal operation.
9.9 Soft (43H)
Format
Message Format: BnH 43H vvH
n: MIDI Channel Number
vv: Value (Note1)
Note 1:
For information about the relationship between setting values and send/receive values, see the "19.1 Off/On Setting Value Table" in "Part IV Setting Values and Send/Receive Values" of this document.
Send
Sent when a pedal that has a soft function is operated.
Receive
Receipt performs an operation equivalent to a soft pedal operation.
9.10 Reverb Send (5BH)
Format
Message Format: BnH 5BH vvH
n: MIDI Channel Number
vv: Value
10
Send
Sent when auto accompaniment is used.
Receive
Changes Reverb Send.
9.11 NRPN (62H, 63H)
Format
Message Format: BnH 62H llH (LSB)
BnH 63H mmH (MSB)
n: MIDI Channel Number
ll: LSB Value
mm: MSB Value
Send
This message is not sent by this Instrument.
Receive
This Instrument does not have a corresponding NRPN message.
9.12 RPN (64H, 65H)
Format
Message Format: BnH 64H llH (LSB)
BnH 65H mmH (MSB)
n: MIDI Channel Number
ll: LSB Value
mm: MSB Value
9.12.1 Pitch Bend Sensitivity
Format
Message Format: BnH 64H 00H
BnH 65H 00H BnH 06H mmH BnH 26H llH
n: MIDI Channel Number
mm: MSB Value 0 - 12
ll: LSB Value
Send 00H
Receive Ignored
Send
Sent when the Bend Range is changed on the CTK-3000.
Receive
Receipt changes Bend Range.
11
9.12.2 Fine Tune
Format
Message Format: BnH 64H 01H
BnH 65H 00H BnH 06H mmH BnH 26H llH
n: MIDI Channel Number
mm: MSB Value
ll: LSB Value
Send
This message is not sent by this Instrument.
Receive
Receipt changes Channel Fine Tune.
9.12.3 Coarse Tune
Format
Message Format: BnH 64H 02H
BnH 65H 00H BnH 06H mmH BnH 26H llH
n: MIDI Channel Number
mm: MSB Value
ll: LSB Value
Send
This message is not sent by this Instrument.
Receive
Receipt changes Channel Coarse Tune. Does not affect sound source operation when the Timbre Type is Drum.
9.12.4 Null
Format
Message Format: BnH 64H 7FH
BnH 65H 7FH
n: MIDI Channel Number
Send
Sent after the Bend Range is changed on the CTK-3000.
Receive
Receipt deselects RPN.
12
9.13 All Sound Off (78H)
Format
Message Format: BnH 78H 00H
n: MIDI Channel Number
Send
Sent when Local is set to OFF on the Instrument.
Receive
Receipt stops all voices that are sounding.
9.14 Reset All Controllers (79H)
Format
Message Format: BnH 79H 00H
n: MIDI Channel Number
Send
Sent when MIDI send related settings are changed on the Instrument.
Receive
Receipt initializes each performance controller.
10 Mode Message
10.1 All Notes Off (7BH)
Format
Message Format: BnH 7BH 00H
n: MIDI Channel Number
Send
Sent when MIDI send related settings are changed on the Instrument, or when auto play is stopped, etc.
Receive
Receipt of any of this message releases the currently sounding voice (same as releasing the keyboard key).
10.2 Omni Off (7CH)
Format
Message Format: BnH 7CH 00H
n: MIDI Channel Number
Send
This message is never sent.
Receive
Receipt of this message performs the same operation as when All Notes Off is received.
13
10.3 Omni On (7DH)
Format
Message Format: BnH 7DH 00H
n: MIDI Channel Number
Send
This message is never sent.
Receive
Receipt of this message performs the same operation as when All Notes Off is received.
10.4 Mono (7EH)
Format
Message Format: BnH 7EH 00H
n: MIDI Channel Number
Send
This message is never sent.
Receive
Receipt of this message performs the same operation as when All Notes Off is received.
10.5 Poly (7FH)
Format
Message Format: BnH 7FH 00H
n: MIDI Channel Number
Send
This message is never sent.
Receive
Receipt of this message performs the same operation as when All Notes Off is received.
11 Program Change
Format
Message Format: CnH ppH
n: MIDI Channel Number
pp: Program Number (Note1)
Note 1:
For details about the relationship between the program number and the tone, see the Tone List that comes with the Instrument.
Send
Sent when a tone is selected.
14
Receive
Receipt of this message changes the tone of the part that corresponds to the MIDI channel. The selected tone is determined by the program value of this message and the Bank Select message value received prior to this message. Also note that receipt of this message also may change the Timbre Type that corresponds to the selected tone. For more information, see "11.1 About the Timbre Type" below.
11.1 About the Timbre Type
Tones that are selected by each Instrument part have an attribute that depends on the sound source operation type. This attribute is called the "timbre type," which is one of the types described below.
• Melody
This timbre type optimizes for normal melody tones.
• Drum
This setting optimizes for drum sounds. The damper pedal does not function. The Hold1, Channel Coarse Tune, and Master Coarse Tune messages are ignored if they are received.
12 Channel Aftertouch
Format
Message Format: DnH vvH
n: MIDI Channel Number
vv: Value
Send
These messages are never sent.
Receive
Receipt of this message adds modulation to the voice that is sounding. The modulation effect differs according to the tone being used.
13 Pitch Bend
Format
Message Format: EnH llH mmH
n: MIDI Channel Number
ll: Value LSB
mm: Value MSB
Send
Sent when a pitch bender operation is performed on the CTK-3000.
Receive
Receipt changes the pitch of the currently sounding note. The range of the pitch change depends on the Bend Range value setting.
15
Part III
System Messages
14 Timing Clock
Format
Message Format: F8H
Send
Sent when auto accompaniment is used.
Receive
This message is not received by this Instrument.
15 Start
Format
Message Format: FAH
Send
Sent when auto accompaniment is used.
Receive
This message is not received by this Instrument.
16 Stop
Format
Message Format: FCH
Send
Sent when auto accompaniment is used.
Receive
This message is not received by this Instrument.
17 Active Sensing
Format
Message Format: FEH
Send
This message is never sent.
16
Receive
Once this message is received, the Active Sensing mode is entered. If no MIDI message is received for a specified amount of time, voices being sounded by the Instrument's sound source are released, the controller is reset, and the Active Sensing mode is exited.
18 System Exclusive Message
Format
Message Format: F0H....F7H
This Instrument sends and receives universal system exclusive messages.
18.1 Universal Realtime System Exclusive Message
Format
Message Format: F0H 7FH....F7H
18.1.1 Master Volume
Format
Message Format: F0H 7FH 7FH 04H 01H llH mmH F7H
ll: LSB Value
mm: MSB Value
Send
This message is never sent.
Receive
Receipt changes the Master Volume parameter. Note that the Master Volume parameter cannot be changed with an Instrument operation.
18.1.2 Master Fine Tuning
Format
Message Format: F0H 7FH 7FH 04H 03H llH mmH F7H
mm: MSB Value(Note1)
Note 1:
For information about the relationship between setting values and send/receive values, see "19.4 -100 - 0 - +99 Setting Value Table" in "Part IV Setting Values and Send/Receive Values" of this document.
Send
This message is sent when the tuning setting is changed.
Receive
Receipt changes the tuning setting.
17
18.1.3 Master Coarse Tuning
Format
Message Format: F0H 7FH 7FH 04H 04H 00H mmH F7H
ll: LSB Value
mm: MSB Value
Send
Sent when Transpose is changed.
Receive
Receipt changes the Transpose parameter. Does not affect sound source operation when the Timbre Type is Drum.
18.1.4 Reverb Parameter
Format
Message Format: F0H 7FH 7FH 04H 05H 01H 01H 01H
01H 01H ppH vvH F7H
pp: Parameter
vv: Value
Time Format
Message Format: F0H 7FH 7FH 04H 05H 01H 01H 01H
01H 01H 01H vvH F7H
vv: Value (Note1)
Note 1:
For information about the relationship between setting values and send/receive values, see "19.5 Reverb Time Setting Value Table" in "Part IV Setting Values and Send/Receive Values" of this document.
Send
Sent when the Reverb duration is changed.
Receive
Receipt changes the Reverb duration.
18.1.5 GM System Message
GM System On Format
Message Format: F0H 7EH 7FH 09H 01H F7H
Send
This message is never sent.
Receive
Receipt puts the sound source into a GM sound source mode.
GM System Off Format
Message Format: F0H 7EH 7FH 09H 02H F7H
18
Send
This message is never sent.
Receive
Receipt changes the sound source setting to the Instrument presetting.
18.1.6 GS Message
Message Format: F0H 41H ddH 42H 12H 40H 00H 7FH 00H 41H F7H
Note: dd (Device ID) is ignored.
Send
This message is never sent.
Receive
Receipt performs the same operation as when the GM System On message is received.
19
Part IV
Setting Values and Send
/
Receive Values
19 Setting Value Tables
19.4 -100 - 0 - +99 Setting Value Table
Transmit/Receive Value Parameter
(MSB-LSB)
00H-00H -100
::
40H-00H 0
::
7FH-7FH 99
19.1 Off/On Setting Value Table
Transmit Value Receive Value Parameter
00H 00H - 3FH Off
7FH 40H - 7FH On
19.2 -64 - 0 - +63 Setting Value Table
Transmit/Receive Value Parameter
00H -64
01H -63
::
40H 0
::
7EH 62
7FH 63
19.3 Pan Setting Value Table
Transmit/Receive Value Parameter
00H Left
::
40H Center
::
7FH Right
19.5 Reverb Time Setting Value Table
Transmit/Receive Value Parameter
00H Off
0CH 1
18H 2
24H 3
30H 4
3CH 5
48H 6
54H 7
60H 8
6CH 9
72H 10
20
Part V
MIDI Implementation Notation
20 Value Notation
20.1 Hexadecimal Notation
MIDI implementation sometimes requires that data be expressed in hexadecimal format. Hexadecimal values are indicated by the letter "H" after the value. The hexadecimal equivalents of decimal values 10 through 15 are expressed as the letters A through F. The table below shows the hexadecimal equivalents for decimal values 0 through 127, which are often used in MIDI messages.
Decimal
Hexadecimal
Decimal
Hexadecimal
Decimal
Hexadecimal
Decimal
Hexadecimal
0 00H 32 20H 64 40H 96 60H
1 01H 33 21H 65 41H 97 61H
2 02H 34 22H 66 42H 98 62H
3 03H 35 23H 67 43H 99 63H
4 04H 36 24H 68 44H 100 64H
5 05H 37 25H 69 45H 101 65H
6 06H 38 26H 70 46H 102 66H
7 07H 39 27H 71 47H 103 67H
8 08H 40 28H 72 48H 104 68H
9 09H 41 29H 73 49H 105 69H
10 0AH 42 2AH 74 4AH 106 6AH
11 0BH 43 2BH 75 4BH 107 6BH
12 0CH 44 2CH 76 4CH 108 6CH
13 0DH 45 2DH 77 4DH 109 6DH
14 0EH 46 2EH 78 4EH 110 6EH
15 0FH 47 2FH 79 4FH 111 6FH
16 10H 48 30H 80 50H 112 70H
17 11H 49 31H 81 51H 113 71H
18 12H 50 32H 82 52H 114 72H
19 13H 51 33H 83 53H 115 73H
20 14H 52 34H 84 54H 116 74H
21 15H 53 35H 85 55H 117 75H
22 16H 54 36H 86 56H 118 76H
23 17H 55 37H 87 57H 119 77H
24 18H 56 38H 88 58H 120 78H
25 19H 57 39H 89 59H 121 79H
26 1AH 58 3AH 90 5AH 122 7AH
27 1BH 59 3BH 91 5BH 123 7BH
28 1CH 60 3CH 92 5CH 124 7CH
29 1DH 61 3DH 93 5DH 125 7DH
30 1EH 62 3EH 94 5EH 126 7EH
31 1FH 63 3FH 95 5FH 127 7FH
20.2 Binary Notation
When a MIDI implementation data value is expressed in binary, the letter "B" (for "binary") is affixed at the end of the value. The table below shows the binary equivalents for the decimal values 0 through 127, which are often used for settings.
Decimal
125 7DH 01111101B
126 7EH 01111110B
127 7FH 01111111B
Hexadecimal
0 00H 00000000B
1 01H 00000001B
2 02H 00000010B
3 03H 00000011B
4 04H 00000100B
5 05H 00000101B
6 06H 00000110B
7 07H 00000111B
8 08H 00001000B
9 09H 00001001B
10 0AH 00001010B
11 0BH 00001011B
12 0CH 00001100B
13 0DH 00001101B
14 0EH 00001110B
15 0FH 00001111B
16 10H 00010000B
::
Binary
21
CASIO COMPUTER CO.,LTD.
6-2, Hon-machi 1-chome
Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-8543, Japan
MA0901-A
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