Brother HL-820, HL-1040 User Manual
© Copyright Brother 1998
All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means without permission in
writing from the publisher.
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Trademarks:
The brother logo is a registered trademark of Brother Industries, Ltd.
Apple, the Apple Logo, and Macintosh are trademarks, registered in the United States and other
countries, and True Type is a trademark of Apple computer, Inc.
Epson is a registered trademark and FX-80 and FX-850 are trademarks of Seiko Epson
Corporation.
Hewlett Packard is a registered trademark and HP Laser Jet is a trademark of Hewlett Packard
Company.
IBM, IBM PC and Proprinter are registered trademarks of International Business Machines
Corporation.
Microsoft and MS-DOS are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the U.S. and other countries.
PREFACE
This service manual contains basic information required for after-sales service of the laser printer
(here- in-after referred to as "this machine" or "the printer"). This information is vital to the service
technician to maintain the high printing quality and performance of the printers.
This service manual covers the HL-820, 1020, 1040 and 1050 laser printers. (Note that any figures
for the printer body are based on the HL-1040 printer.)
This manual consists of the following chapters:
CHAPTER I : FEATURES AND SPECIFICATIONS
Features, specifications, etc.
CHAPTER II : THEORY OF OPERATION
Basic operation of the mechanical system, the electrical system and the electrical
circuits, and their timing information.
CHAPTER III : DISASSEMBLY AND REASSEMBLY
Procedures for disassembling and reassembling the mechanical system.
CHAPTER IV : MAINTENANCE AND TROUBLESHOOTING
Reference values and adjustments, troubleshooting image defects, troubleshooting
malfunctions, etc.
APPENDICES :
Information in this manual is subject to change due to improvement or re-design of the product. All
relevant information in such cases will be supplied in service information bulletins (Technical
Information).
A thorough understanding of this printer, based on information in this service manual and service
information bulletins, is required for maintaining its print quality performance and for improving the
practical ability to find the cause of problems.
SERIAL NO. DESCRIPTIONS, CONNECTION DIAGRAMS, PCB CIRCUIT
DIAGRAMS.
CONTENTS
CHAPTER I FEATURES AND SPECIFICATIONS..........................................I-1
1. FEATURES.........................................................................................................................I-1
2. SPECIFICATIONS..............................................................................................................I-3
2.1 Printing.......................................................................................................................................I-3
2.2 Functions ...................................................................................................................................I-3
2.3 Electrical and Mechanical..........................................................................................................I-4
2.4 Paper Specification....................................................................................................................I-5
2.5 Print Delivery..............................................................................................................................I-5
2.6 Paper .........................................................................................................................................I-6
2.7 Effective Printing Area ...............................................................................................................I-7
3. SAFETY INFORMATION....................................................................................................I-9
3.1 Laser Safety (110 - 120V Model only).......................................................................................I-9
3.2 FDA Regulations (110 - 120V Model only) ................................................................................I-9
3.3 Caution for Laser Product........................................................................................................I-10
CHAPTER II THEORY OF OPERATION........................................................ II-1
1. ELECTRONICS..................................................................................................................II-1
1.1 General Block Diagram.............................................................................................................II-1
1.2 Main PCB Block Diagram .........................................................................................................II-4
1.3 Main PCB..................................................................................................................................II-7
1.3.1 CPU Core....................................................................................................................II-7
1.3.2 ASIC............................................................................................................................II-9
1.3.3 ROM..........................................................................................................................II-15
1.3.4 DRAM........................................................................................................................II-16
1.3.5 Optional RAM............................................................................................................II-17
1.3.6 Optional Serial I/O.....................................................................................................II-18
1.3.7 EEPROM...................................................................................................................II-18
1.3.8 Reset Circuit..............................................................................................................II-19
1.3.9 CDCC I/O..................................................................................................................II-19
1.3.10 Engine I/O..................................................................................................................II-21
1.3.11 Paper Feed Motor Drive Circuit.................................................................................II-23
1.4 Panel Sensor PCB..................................................................................................................II-24
1.5 Power Supply..........................................................................................................................II-24
1.5.1 Low-voltage Power Supply........................................................................................II-24
1.5.2 High-voltage Power Supply, SR PCB........................................................................II-25
2. MECHANICS....................................................................................................................II-26
2.1 Overview of Printing Mechanism............................................................................................II-26
2.2 Paper Transfer........................................................................................................................II-27
2.2.1 Paper Supply.............................................................................................................II-27
2.2.2 Paper Registration.....................................................................................................II-27
2.2.3 Paper Eject................................................................................................................II-28
i
2.3 Sensors...................................................................................................................................II-29
2.3.1 Cover Sensor.............................................................................................................II-29
2.3.2 Toner Empty Sensor..................................................................................................II-29
2.4 Drum Unit................................................................................................................................II-30
2.4.1 Photosensitive Drum.................................................................................................II-30
2.4.2 Primary Charger........................................................................................................II-30
2.4.3 Developer Roller........................................................................................................II-30
2.4.4 Transfer Roller...........................................................................................................II-30
2.4.5 Cleaner Roller............................................................................................................II-30
2.4.6 Erase Lamp ..............................................................................................................II-30
2.5 Print Process ..........................................................................................................................II-30
2.5.1 Charging ...................................................................................................................II-30
2.5.2 Exposure Stage.........................................................................................................II-31
2.5.3 Developing.................................................................................................................II-32
2.5.4 Transfer.....................................................................................................................II-32
2.5.5 Drum Cleaning Stage................................................................................................II-33
2.5.6 Erasing Stage............................................................................................................II-33
2.5.7 Fixing Stage...............................................................................................................II-33
CHAPTER III DISASSEMBLY AND REASSEMBLY.......................................III-1
1. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS..................................................................................................III-1
2. DISASSEMBLY FLOW......................................................................................................III-2
3. DISASSEMBLY PROCEDURE.........................................................................................III-3
3.1 Output Tray ASSY ...................................................................................................................III-3
3.2 Drum Unit.................................................................................................................................III-3
3.3 Top Cover................................................................................................................................III-4
3.4 Rear Cover ..............................................................................................................................III-4
3.5 MP Sheet Feeder ASSY..........................................................................................................III-5
3.6 Fixing Unit................................................................................................................................III-6
3.7 Scanner Unit............................................................................................................................III-8
3.8 Main PCB ASSY....................................................................................................................III-10
3.9 Base Plate ASSY...................................................................................................................III-10
3.10 Panel Sensor PCB ASSY ......................................................................................................III-11
3.11 Low-voltage Power Supply PCB ASSY .................................................................................III-12
3.12 High-voltage Power Supply PCB ASSY.................................................................................III-13
3.13 Sub Fan Motor ASSY ............................................................................................................III-14
3.14 Fan Motor ASSY ...................................................................................................................III-14
3.15 Drive Unit...............................................................................................................................III-15
3.16 Main Motor ASSY ..................................................................................................................III-16
3.17 Sub Motor ASSY....................................................................................................................III-16
3.18 Paper Support........................................................................................................................III-17
3.19 Extension Support Wire.........................................................................................................III-17
4. PACKING........................................................................................................................III-18
ii
i
CHAPTER IV MAINTENANCE AND TROUBLESHOOTING..........................IV-1
1. INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................................IV-1
1.1 Initial Check........................................................................................................................IV-1
1.2 Basic Procedure.................................................................................................................IV-2
2. CONSUMABLE PARTS.................................................................................................... IV-3
2.1 Drum Unit...........................................................................................................................IV-3
2.2 Toner Cartridge.................................................................................................................. IV-3
2.3 Periodical Replacement Parts.............................................................................................IV-3
3. IMAGE DEFECTS ............................................................................................................IV-4
3.1 Image Defect Examples .....................................................................................................IV-4
3.2 Troubleshooting Image Defects.......................................................................................... IV-5
3.3 Location of High-voltage Contacts and Grounding Contacts..............................................IV-19
3.4 Location of Feed Roller Shaft and Grounding Contacts.....................................................IV-20
4. PAPER JAM...................................................................................................................IV-21
5. TROUBLESHOOTING MALFUNCTIONS .......................................................................IV-22
6. INSPECTION MODE......................................................................................................IV-27
6.1 Incorporated Inspection Modes.........................................................................................IV-27
6.2 Error Codes......................................................................................................................IV-29
APPENDICES
1. Serial No. Descriptions......................................................................................................A-1
2. Connection Diagram, HL-820/1020...................................................................................A-2
3. Connection Diagram, HL-1040..........................................................................................A-3
4. Connection Diagram, HL-1050..........................................................................................A-4
5. Main PCB Circuit Diagram, (HL-820/1020/1040), (1/2)......................................................A-5
6. Main PCB Circuit Diagram, (HL-820/1020/1040), (2/2)......................................................A-6
7. Main PCB Circuit Diagram, (HL-1050), (1/5)......................................................................A-7
8. Main PCB Circuit Diagram, (HL-1050), (2/5)......................................................................A-8
9. Main PCB Circuit Diagram, (HL-1050), (3/5)......................................................................A-9
10.Main PCB Circuit Diagram, (HL-1050), (4/5)....................................................................A-10
11.Main PCB Circuit Diagram, (HL-1050), (5/5)....................................................................A-11
12.Panel Sensor PCB Circuit Diagram.................................................................................A-12
13.Low-voltage Power Supply PCB Circuit Diagram, HL-820/1020/1040 (110 - 120V)........A-13
14.Low-voltage Power Supply PCB Circuit Diagram, HL-820/1020/1040 (220 - 240V)........A-14
15.Low-voltage Power Supply PCB Circuit Diagram, HL-1050 (110 - 120V)........................A-15
16.Low-voltage Power Supply PCB Circuit Diagram, HL-1050 (220 - 240V)........................A-16
17.High-voltage Power Supply PCB Circuit Diagram............................................................A-17
18.How to Know Drum Unit Life & Page Counter.................................................................A-18
19.Diameter / Circumference of Rollers................................................................................A-20
ii
CHAPTER I FEATURES AND SPECIFICATIONS
1. FEATURES
This printer has the following features:
High Resolution and Fast Printing Speed
<HL-820>
True 600 dots per inch (dpi) with microfine toner and 8 pages per minute (ppm) printing
speed (A4 or Letter paper).
<HL-1040/1020>
True 600 dots per inch (dpi) with microfine toner and 10 pages per minute (ppm) printing
speed (A4 or Letter paper).
<HL-1050>
True 600 dots per inch (dpi) and 1200 x 600 dpi for graphics with microfine toner and 10
pages per minute (ppm) printing speed (A4 or Letter paper).
Enhanced Printing Performance and User-Friendly Operation for Windows
The dedicated printer driver and TrueType
and Windows 95 are available on the floppy disk and CD-ROM supplied with your printer.
You can easily install them into your Windows system using our installer program. The
driver supports our unique compression mode to enhance printing speed in Windows
applications and allows you to set various printer settings including toner saving mode,
custom paper size, sleep mode, gray scale adjustment, resolution, and so forth. You can
easily setup these print options in the graphic dialog boxes through the Printer Setup
menu within the Windows Control Panel.
TM
-compatible fonts for Microsoft® Windows 3.1
Printer Status Monitor with Bi-directional Parallel Interface
The printer driver can monitor your printer’s status using bi-directional parallel
communications.
The printer status monitor program can show the current status of your printer. When
printing, an animated dialog box appears on your computer screen to show the current
printing process. If an error occurs, a dialog box will appear to let you know what to
correct. For example: when your printer is out of paper, the dialog box will display “No
Paper” and instructions for the corrective action to take.
Versatile Paper Handling
The printer has a multi-purpose sheet feeder and a straight paper path mechanism.
Using this mechanism, you can load A4, letter, legal, B5, A5, A6, and executive sizes of
paper, and various types of media including envelopes, organizer paper, or your custom
paper size. The multi-purpose sheet feeder also allows manual paper loading, so you
can also use labels and transparencies.
Environment-Friendly
Economy Printing Mode
This feature will cut your printing cost by saving toner. It is useful to obtain draft copies
for proof-reading. You can select from two economy modes, 25% toner saving and 50%
toner saving, through the Windows printer driver supplied with your printer.
Sleep Mode (Power Save Mode)
Sleep mode automatically reduces power consumption when the printer is not in use.
The printer consumes less than 13W when in sleep mode.
I-1
Low Running Cost
The toner cartridge is separate from the drum unit. You need to replace only the toner
cartridge after around 2,400 pages, which is cost effective and ecologically friendly.
The actual number of pages printed with each toner cartridge may vary depending on
your average type of print job.
Enhanced Memory Management
The printer provides its own data compression technology in its printer hardware and the
supplied printer driver software, which can automatically compress graphic data and font
data efficiently into the printer's memory. You can avoid memory errors and print most
full page 600dpi graphic and text data, including large fonts, with the standard printer
memory.
Remote Printer Console Program for DOS (for HL-1040/1050 only)
The utility program, Remote Printer Console (RPC), is available on the floppy disk and
CD-ROM supplied with your printer. When you operate your computer in the DOS (Disk
Operating System) environment, this program allows you to easily change the default
settings of the printer such as fonts, page setup, emulations and so on.
This program also provides a status monitor program, which is a Terminate-and-Stay
Resident (TSR) program. It can monitor the printer status while running in the
background and report the current status or errors on your computer screen.
Popular Printer Emulation Support (for HL-1040/1050 only)
These printers support the following printer emulation modes;
The HL-1040 supports HP LaserJet IIP, Epson FX-850, and IBM Proprinter XL
The HL-1050 supports HP LaserJet 6P/6L, Epson FX-850 and IBM Proprinter XL.
When you use DOS application software or Windows™ version 3.0 or earlier, you can
use any of these emulations to operate the printer in the 300 dpi resolution mode. The
printers also support Auto-emulation switching between HP and Epson or HP and IBM. If
you want to set the printer emulation, you can do it using the Remote Printer Console
Program.
USB Interface (for HL-1050 only)
The Universal Serial Bus Interface is an interface which allows the printer to connect to
multiple peripheral devices.
High Resolution Control & Advanced Photoscale Technology (for HL-1050 only)
High resolution control (HRC) technology provides clear and crisp printouts. Use this
function to get smooth text print quality.
Advanced Photoscale Technology enables the printer to print graphics in 256 grayscales,
producing nearly photographic quality. Use this function when you want to print
photographic images.
Optional Apple Macintosh
®
Interface (for HL-1040/1050 only)
An optional Apple Macintosh serial interface is available which allows your printer to be
connected to Apple Macintosh computers. With this option, you can use your printer with
both an IBM PC (or compatible) and an Apple Macintosh at the same time. This optional
interface board can be used as an RS-422A interface for Macintosh or an RS-232C serial
interface for an IBM PC or compatible.
I-2
2. SPECIFICATIONS
2.1 Printing
Print method Electrophotography by semiconductor laser beam scanning
Laser: Wave length: 780nm
Output: 5mW max
Resolution HL-820/1020: 600 x 600dots/inch (for Windows)
HL-1040: 600 x 600dots/inch (for Windows or DOS)
HL-1050: 1200(H) x 600(V)dots/inch (for Windows DIB
Print speed HL-820: Up to 8 pages/minute
HL-1020/1040/1050: Up to 10 pages/minute
(when loading Letter-size paper from the multipurpose sheet feeder)
Warm-up Max. 30 seconds at 23°C (73.4°F)
300 x 300dots/inch (under Apple Macintosh, DOS,
or other operating system)
graphics)
600 x 600dots/inch (for Windows or DOS)
300 x 300dpi (under Apple Macintosh using
optional RS-100M)
First print 15 seconds
Print media Toner cartridge
Developer Drum unit, separated from toner cartridge
2.2 Functions
CPU HL-820/1020/1040: MC68EC000 16Mhz
Emulation HL-820/1020: Brother Printing Solution for Windows
(when loading Letter-size paper from the multipurpose sheet feeder)
Life Expectancy: 2,400 pages/cartridge
(when printing A4 or letter-size paper at 5% print coverage)
Life Expectancy: 20,000 pages/drum unit at 20 pages per job
8,000 pages at 1 page per job
HL-1050: MB86831 66Mhz
HL-1040: Brother Printing Solution for Windows
Automatic emulation selection among HP LaserJet
IIP (PCL level 4), EPSON FX-850, and IBM
Proprinter XL
HL-1050: Brother Printing Solution for Windows
Automatic emulation selection among HP LaserJet
6P (PCL level 6), EPSON FX-850, and IBM
Proprinter XL
Printer driver Windows
supporting Brother Native Compression mode and bi-directional
capability.
Optional Macintosh driver available for System 6.0.7 or higher (for HL1040/1050 only)
TM
3.1/3.11, Windows 95 and Windows NT 4.0 driver,
I-3
Interface Bi-directional parallel
Universal Serial Bus (USB) (HL-1050 only)
RS-422A/RS-232C serial (RS-100M) is optionally available. (HL1040/1050 only)
Memory HL-820/1020/1040: 2.0 Mbytes
HL-1050: 4.0 Mbytes
Control panel 1 switch and 4 lamps
Diagnostics Self-diagnostic program
2.3 Electrical and Mechanical
Power source U.S.A. and Canada: AC 110 to 120V, 50Hz/60Hz
Europe and Australia: AC 220 to 240V, 50Hz/60Hz
Power consumption Printing (peak): 820W or less
Printing (average): 280W or less
Standing by: 60W or less
Sleep: 13W or less
PR99017
Expandable up to 36 Mbytes by installing an
industry standard SIMM
Noise Printing: 49dB A or less
Standing by: 33dB A or less
Temperature Operating: 10 to 32.5°C (50 to 90.5°F)
Storage: 0 to 40°C (38 to 104°F)
Humidity Operating: 20 to 80% (non condensing)
Storage: 10 to 85% (non condensing)
Dimensions 390 x 365 x 245 mm (15.4 x 14.4 x 9.7 inches)
(W x D x H) (when the output tray is closed.)
Weight Approx. 7.2kg (15.7lb.) including the drum unit and toner cartridge
Note:
x
The peak figure of power consumption is worked out when the halogen heater lamp is
turned ON.
x
The peak figure of power consumption is worked out excluding inrush current value.
x
Be sure that the peak figure of power consumption is reference value and should be
used inside the Brother offices only.
I-4
2.4 Paper Loading
(1) Multi-purpose sheet feeder loading
Paper size: A4, Letter, Legal, B5, A5, A6, and Executive. Other sizes of media that
can be handled by the feed mechanism can be loaded.
69.8 to 229 mm
105 to 356mm (face down)
Feeding direction
Feedable paper weight: 60 (16lb.) to 158 (42lb.) g/m
2
Maximum load height : 22mm (200 sheets of 80g/m2 paper) letter or A4 size
Setting method: Pull the MP sheet feeder cover toward you, insert the
stack of paper into the feeder, aligning the top edge of
the sheets, then push the cover back to its original
position.
(2) Manual slot loading
Paper size: Same as in (1) for the multi-purpose sheet feeder.
Feedable paper weight: Same as in (1) for the multi-purpose sheet feeder.
Setting methods: Place the side of the paper to be printed on face down
into the manual feed slot after selecting orientation. Align
the paper at the center of the manual feed slot, and be
sure to insert it fully into the feed slot. Move the paper
guide of the manual feed slot to the paper width.
Cautions:
Before loading paper with holes such as organizer sheets, be sure to fan the stack
well.
When printing on the back of pre-printed paper, be sure to straighten the paper as
much as possible.
2.5 Print Delivery
(1) With the output tray opened
Tray capacity: Maximum 100 sheets (80g/m
(2) With the output tray closed
Tray capacity: 1 sheet (80g/m
Note:
Face down: Deliver the printed face of the paper downward.
Environment : 23°C
2
2
), face-down only
I-5
), face-down only
2.6 Paper
(1) Paper type
(a) Normal paper (60 to 157g/m
• A4 size
• Letter size
• Legal size
• B5 (JIS ISO) size
• A5 size
• A6 size
• Executive size
PR98184
2
, specified types of high-quality paper)
* The recommended types of plain paper are as follows:
Letter : Xerox 4200 (75g/m
A4 : Xerox 80 Premier Paper (80g/m
(b) Special paper (specified types)
• Labels
• Envelopes (DL, C4, C5, COM10, Monarch)
• Organizers (K, L, and J sizes of DAY-TIMERS)
(C) Other detailed specifications
Cut Sheet Envelope
Basis Weight 60 to 158 g/m2 (16 to 42 lb.)
Caliper
Moisture Content 4% to 6% by weight 4% to 6% by weight
Smoothness 100 to 250 (Sheffield) 100 to 250 (Sheffield)
0.03 to 0.08 in.
(0.08 to 0.2 mm)
2
)
2
)
2
75 to 90 g/m
single thickness
0.0033 to 0.0058 in.
(0.084 to 0.14 mm)
single thickness
(20 to 24 lb.)
Caution:
Although the printer can handle 9 inches (229mm) width paper such as the C4 size
envelope, you may get stains on the paper outside 8.5 inches width or on the back of
the paper.
It is recommended to use long-grained paper for the best print quality. If short-grained
paper is being used, it might be the cause of paper jams.
Use neutral paper. Do not use acid paper to avoid any damage to the printer drum
unit.
(2) Paper feed conditions
Type Name Feeder Manual feed
60 to 80 g/m
Normal paper (cut sheet) 80 g/m2 paper (Legal)
158 g/m
Labels
Special paper (cut sheet) Envelopes
Organizers
2
2
I-6
(200 sheets)
(100 sheets)
(30 sheets)
(50 sheets)
(10 sheets)
(10 sheets)
2.7 Effective Printing Area
Printable area
F
E
B
D
F
A
CE
The effective printing area means the area within which the printing of all the data
received without any omissions can be guaranteed.
I-7
The table below shows the effective printing areas.
Size A B C D E F
A 4
Letter
Legal
B 5 (JIS)
B 5 (ISO)
Executive
A 5
A6
Organizer
(J size)
Organizer
(K size)
Organizer
(L size)
COM-10
MONARCH
C 4
C 5
DL
(Note that the paper sizes indicated here should conform to the nominal dimensions
specified by JIS.)
210.0mm
8.27”
(2,480 dots)
215.9mm
8.5”
(2,550 dots)
215.9mm
8.5”
(2,550 dots)
182.0mm
7.16”
(2,149 dots)
176.0mm
6.93”
(2,078 dots)
184.15mm
7.25”
(2,175 dots)
148.5mm
5.85”
(1,754 dots)
105.0mm
4.13”
(1,240 dots)
69.85mm
2.75”
(825 dots)
95.25mm
3.75”
(1,125 dots)
139.7mm
5.5”
(1,650 dots)
104.78mm
4.125”
(1,237 dots)
98.43mm
3.875”
(1,162 dots)
228.6mm
9.0”
(2,700 dots)
162mm
6.38”
(1,913 dots)
110mm
4.33”
(1,299 dots)
A4 paper must accommodate 80 characters printed in pica pitch (203.2 mm).
The dot size is based on 300 dpi resolution.
Organizer is not supported by any printer emulations (commands).
297.0mm
11.69”
(3,507 dots)
279.4mm
11.0”
(3,300 dots)
355.6mm
14.0”
(4,200 dots)
257.0mm
10.12”
(3,035 dots)
250.0mm
9.84”
(2,952 dots)
266.7mm
10.5”
(3,150 dots)
210.0mm
8.27”
(2,480 dots)
148.5mm
5.85”
(1,754 dots)
127.0mm
5.0”
(1,500 dots)
171.45mm
6.75”
(2,025 dots)
215.9mm
8.5”
(2,550 dots)
241.3mm
9.5”
(2,850 dots)
190.5mm
7.5”
(2,250 dots)
304.8mm
12.0”
(3,600 dots)
229mm
9.01”
(2,704 dots)
220mm
8.66”
(2,598 dots)
203.2mm
8.0”
(2,400 dots)
203.2mm
8.0”
(2,400 dots)
203.2mm
8.0”
(2,400 dots)
173.5mm
6.83”
(2,007 dots)
164.0mm
6.46”
(1,936 dots)
175.7mm
6.92”
(2,025 dots)
136.5mm
5.37”
(1,612 dots)
93.0mm
3.66”
(1,098 dots)
56.2mm
2.21”
(675 dots)
86.78mm
3.42”
(975 dots)
131.23mm
5.17”
(1,500 dots)
92.11mm
3.63”
(1,087 dots)
85.7mm
3.37”
(1,012 dots)
203.2mm
8.0”
(2,400 dots)
150.0mm
5.9”
(1,771 dots)
98.0mm
3.86”
(1,157 dots)
288.5mm
11.36”
(3,407 dots)
270.9mm
10.67”
(3,200 dots)
347.1mm
13.67”
(4,100 dots)
248.5mm
9.78”
(2,935 dots)
241.5mm
9.5”
(2,852 dots)
258.2mm
10.17”
(3,050 dots)
201.5mm
7.93”
(2,380 dots)
140.0mm
5.51”
(1,654 dots)
118.5mm
4.66”
(1,400 dots)
162.98mm
6.42”
(1,925 dots)
207.43mm
8.17”
(2,450 dots)
232.8mm
9.16”
(2,750 dots)
182.0mm
7.16”
(2,150 dots)
296.3mm
11.66”
(3,500 dots)
220.5mm
8.68”
(2,604 dots)
211.5mm
8.33”
(2,498 dots)
3.4mm
0.13”
(40 dots)
6.35mm
0.25”
(75 dots)
6.01mm
0.24”
(71 dots)
6.35mm
0.25”
(75 dots)
6.01mm
0.24”
(71 dots)
6.35mm
0.25”
(75 dots)
12.7mm
0.5”
(150 dots)
6.01mm
0.24”
(71 dots)
PR98184
4.23mm
0.17”
(50 dots)
I-8
3. SAFETY INFORMATION
3.1 Laser Safety (110 - 120V Model only)
This printer is certified as a Class 1 laser product under the US Department of Health and
Human Services (DHHS) Radiation Performance Standard according to the Radiation
Control for Health and Safety Act of 1968. This means that the printer does not produce
hazardous laser radiation.
Since radiation emitted inside the printer is completely confined within the protective
housings and external covers, the laser beam cannot escape from the machine during
any phase of user operation.
3.2 FDA Regulations (110 - 120V Model only)
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has implemented regulations for laser
products manufactured on and after August 2, 1976. Compliance is mandatory for
products marketed in the United States. One of the following labels on the back of the
printer indicates compliance with the FDA regulations and must be attached to laser
products marketed in the United States.
The label for Japanese manufactured products
MANUFACTURED: K
BROTHER INDUSTRIES, LTD.
15-1, Naeshiro-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8561, Japan.
This product complies with FDA radiation
performance standards, 21 CFR Subchapter J.
The label for Chinese manufactured products
MANUFACTURED : C
BROTHER Corporation (Asia) Ltd.
Shenzen Buji Nan Ling Factory
Gold Garden Ind., Nan Ling Village, Buji, Rong Gang,
Shenzhen, CHINA
This product complies with FDA radiation
performance standards, 21 CFR Subchapter J.
I-9
3.3 Caution for Laser Product (Warnhinweis für Laserdrucker)
CAUTION: When the machine during servicing is operated with the cover open, the
regulations of VBG 93 and the performance instructions for VBG 93 are
valid.
CAUTION: In case of any trouble with the laser unit, replace the laser unit itself. To
prevent direct exposure to the laser beam, do not try to open the enclosure
of the laser unit.
ACHTUNG: Im Falle von Störungen der Lasereinheit muß diese ersetzt werden. Das
Gehäuse der Lasereinheit darf nicht geöffnet werden, da sonst
Laserstrahlen austreten können.
(1) Location of the laser beam window.
Fig. 1-1
(2) Location of Caution Label for Laser Product. (200V only)
CLASS 1LASER PRODUCT
APPAREIL Å LASER DE CLASSE 1
LASER KLASSE 1 PRODUKT
Window
Fig. 1-2
I-10
CHAPTER II THEORY OF OPERATION
1. ELECTRONICS
1.1 General Block Diagram
Fig. 2-1 shows a general block diagram of the HL-820/1020 printer.
supply block
Low-voltage power
HL-820/1020
Control system
Video control block
Engine control block
Interface block
External device
Operation block
(Operation panel)
Erase lamp
supply block
High-voltage power
Image generation system
Laser scanner unit
Drum unit
Developing
block
Charging
block
Transfer block
Drum
Toner cartridge
Fig. 2-1
Drive block
(Stepping motor)
Cleaner
block
Paper tray unit
Paper tray
Manual feed
Fixing unit
Paper eject block
Paper feed system
II-1
HL-1040
Fig. 2-2 shows a general block diagram of the HL-1040 printer.
Optional I/F board
(Mac. RS-232C)
External deviceExternal device
Control system
Expansion I/O
supply block
Low-voltage power
supply block
High-voltage power
Video control block
Laser scanner unit
Drum unit
Developing
block
Engine control block
Transfer block
Drum
Interface block
Drive block
(Stepping motor)
Cleaner
block
Operation block
(Operation panel)
Erase lamp
Paper tray unit
Paper tray
Manual feed
Fixing unit
Charging
block
Toner cartridge
Image generation system
Paper eject block
Paper feed system
Fig. 2-2
II-2
HL-1050
Fig. 2-3 shows a general block diagram of the HL-1050 printer.
Control system
supply block
Low-voltage power
Optional RAM (SIMM)
(max. 32Mbytes)
Expansion memory I/O Expansion I/O
Video control block
Engine control block
Optional I/F board
(Mac. RS-232C)
Interface block
External deviceExternal device
Operation block
(Operation panel)
Erase lamp
supply block
High-voltage power
Image generation system
Laser scanner unit
Drum unit
Developing
block
Charging
block
Transfer block
Drum
Toner cartridge
Fig. 2-3
Drive block
(Stepping motor)
Cleaner
block
Paper tray unit
Paper tray
Manual feed
Fixing unit
Paper eject block
Paper feed system
II-3
1.2 Main PCB Block Diagram
HL-820/1020
Fig. 2-4 shows the block diagram of the main PCB.
Reset Circuit
Program + Font ROM
512 Kbytes
RAM
(2.0 Mbytes)
CPU Core
(MC68EC000)
BUS
A S I C
Oscillator (15.3MHz)
INT
Address Decoder
DRAM Control
Timer
FIFO
EEPROM (128 8 bits)
Motor Driver
To Panel Sensor PCB
DATA EXTENSION
CDCC Parallel I/O
Soft Support
EEPROM I/O
Engine Control I/O
To PC
Fig. 2-4
II-4
Fig. 2-5 shows the block diagram of the main PCB.
Reset Circuit
Program + Font ROM
512 Kbytes
RAM
(2.0 Mbytes)
HL-1040
CPU Core
(MC68EC000)
BUS
A S I C
Oscillator (15.3MHz)
INT
Address Decoder
DRAM Control
Timer
FIFO
Option Serial I/O
(RS232C & RS422A)
EEPROM (128 8 bits)
Motor Driver
To Panel Sensor PCB
Fig. 2-5
DATA EXTENSION
CDCC Parallel I/O
Soft Support
EEPROM I/O
Engine Control I/O
To PC
II-5
Fig. 2-6 shows the block diagram of the main PCB.
Reset Circuit
Program + Font ROM
4.0 Mbytes
RAM
(4.0 Mbytes)
HL-1050
CPU Core
(MB86831)
BUS
A S I C
Oscillator (33.3MHz)
INT
Address Decoder
DRAM Control
Timer
FIFO
Option RAM (SIMM)
(max. 32Mbytes)
Option Serial I/O
(RS232C & RS422A)
EEPROM (512 x 8 bits)
Motor Driver
To Panel Sensor PCB
CDCC Parallel I/O
USB I/O
Soft Support
EEPROM I/O
Engine Control I/O
To PC
To PC
Fig. 2-6
II-6
1.3 Main PCB
1.3.1 CPU Core
HL-820/1020/1040
Fig. 2-7 shows the CPU circuit block on the main PCB.
The CPU is a Motorola MC68EC000FN16 which is driven with a clock frequency of
15.3MHz. This clock frequency is made by dividing the source clock of 30.67 MHz into
two.
Fig. 2-7
II-7
HL-1050
Fig. 2-8 shows the CPU circuit block on the main PCB.
The CPU is a Motorola MB86831 which is driven with a clock frequency of 33MHz. The
CPU itself runs at 66MHz.
Fig. 2-8
II-8
1.3.2 ASIC
HL-820/1020/1040
The ASIC is composed of a Cell Based IC that contains the following functional blocks.
(1) Oscillator circuit
Generates the main clock for the CPU by dividing the source clock frequency into
two.
(2) Address decoder
Generates the CS for each device.
(3) DRAM control
Generates the RAS, CAS, WE, OE and MA signals for the DRAM and controls
refresh processing (CAS before RAS self-refreshing method).
(4) Interrupt control
Interrupt levels:
Priority High 7 NMI
6 FIFO
5 EXINT(Option Serial I/O)
4 BD / Timer 1
3 SCANINT
2 CDCC / BOISE / DATA EXTENSION
Low 1 Timer 2
(5) Timers
The following timers are incorporated:
Timer 1 16-bit timer
Timer 2 10-bit timer
Timer 3 Watch-dog timer
(6) FIFO
A 5,120-bit FIFO is incorporated. Data for one raster scan is transferred from the
RAM to the FIFO by DMA transmission and is output as serial video data. The
data cycle is 10.22 MHz.
(7) CDCC parallel I/O
<Data receiving>
There are two modes in this unit. One is the CPU receiving mode and the other is
the DMA receiving mode. In the CPU receiving mode the CPU receives the
command data from the PC, and after the CPU is switched to the DMA mode, it
receives the image data and writes to the DRAM directly.
II-9
CPU Receive Mode
STROBE
BUSY
ACK
90 µsec
0.5 µsec
DMA Receive Mode
STROBE
BUSY
ACK
0.5 µsec1.5 µsec
BUSY goes HIGH at the falling edge of STROBE. The data (8 bits) from the PC is
latched in the data buffer at the rising edge of STROBE. The pulse width of ACK
differs according to the speed MODE as shown above. BUSY goes LOW at the
rising edge of ACK.
<IEEE1284 support>
This supports the IEEE1284 data transfer with the following modes.
Nibble mode
Byte mode
(8) Data expansion
This circuit expands the compressed image data received from the PC, and writes
the bit map data to the FIFO.
(9) Software support
Supports 16 x 16 rotation, bit expansion, and bit search.
(10) EEPROM I/O
One output port and one I/O port are assigned.
II-10
(11) Engine control I/O
This I/O is used for the connection to the panel sensor PCB. It controls the main
motor, solenoid, sensors, etc.
Fig. 2-9
II-11
HL-1050
The ASIC is composed of a Cell Based IC that contains the following functional blocks.
(1) Oscillator circuit
Generates the main clock for the CPU.
(2) Address decoder
Generates the CS for each device.
(3) DRAM control
Generates the RAS, CAS, WE, OE and MA signals for the DRAM and controls
refresh processing (CAS before RAS self-refreshing method).
(4) Interrupt control
Interrupt levels:
Priority High 10 Reserve interrupt 1 (for debug)
9 Watch Dog Timer
8 LSB EMPTY (for VDO FIFO)
7 Timer 1
6 USB
5 XIO interrupt (RS-100M) or MIO interrupt
4 BD (for engine check)
3 Reserve interrupt 2
2 CDCC
Low 1 Timer 2
Note:
All the interrupts can be masked.
The priority of levels 7, 6, and 5 are changeable from the program.
(5) Timers
The following timers are incorporated:
Timer 1 32-bit timer
Timer 2 32-bit timer
Timer 3 Watch-dog timer
(6) FIFO
A 10Kbit FIFO is included. Data for one raster scan is transferred from the RAM to
the FIFO by DMA transmission and is output as serial video data. The data cycle is
10.43MHz.
(7) Parallel I/O
<Data receive Mode>
There are two modes in this unit. One is the CPU receive mode and the other is
the DMA receive mode. In the CPU receive mode the CPU receives the command
data from the PC, and after the CPU is switched to the DMA mode, it receives the
image data and writes it to the DRAM directly.
II-12
CPU Receive Mode
STROBE
BUSY
ACK
90 µsec
0.5 µsec
DMA Receive Mode
STROBE
BUSY
ACK
0.5 µsec1.5 µsec
BUSY goes HIGH at the falling edge of the STROBE signal. The data (8 bits) from
the PC is latched into the data buffer at the rising edge of the STROBE signal. The
pulse width of ACK varies according to the speed MODE as shown above. BUSY
goes LOW on the rising edge of ACK.
<IEEE1284 support>
This supports the IEEE1284 data transfer with the following mode.
Nibble mode
Byte mode
ECP mode
(8) Data expansion
This circuit expands the compressed image data received from the PC, and writes
the bit map data to the FIFO.
(9) Software support
Supports 16 x 16 rotation, bit expansion, bit search, and decimal point conversion.
(10) EEPROM I/O
One output port and one I/O port are assigned.
II-13
(11) Engine control I/O
This I/O is used for the connection to the panel sensor PCB. It controls the main
motor, solenoid, sensors, etc.
Fig. 2-10
II-14
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