3Com unet schematic

1

UNET --STANDARD

A

SEMINAR

11

NOVEMBER

BRUCE HOWARD ROBERT GREGORY

3COM 3000

CORPORATION SAND

PRESENTED

1980

S.

BORDEN

S.

CHARNEY

M.

METCALFE

L.

SHAW

HILL

COMMUNICATION

ROAD

BY

#1

3COM

PROTOCOLS

CORPORATION

FOR

UNIX

MENLO

(415) 854-3833

COPYRIGHT

\

PARK,

3COM

CALIFORNIA

94025

CORPORATION

1980.

ALL

RIGHTS

RESERVED.

2

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(j

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3

UNET

3COM'S COMPUTERS

UNET AND

INTERNET PROTOCOL COMMUNICATION

UNET COMMUNICATING TERMINAL, A REMOTE.

IS A TRADEMARK

UNET

TRANSFERS

CARRIES

CREATES

VARIETY

SOFTWARE

RUNNING

ELECTRONIC

PROTOCOL

(TCP).

FACILITIES-TO

AN

UNIX MAIL, OF

COMMUNICATION

SUCH

MEDIA

FILES,

OF

3COM

PROVIDES

BELL'S

CONNECTS

MAIL

eIP)

UNET

IP/TCP

AND

ALSO

PACKET

COMPUTERS

PROGRAM

INCLUDE

CORPORATION

COMMUNICATION

UNIX

OPERATING

REMOTE

USING TRANSMISSION OFFERS

UNIX

ALLOWING

SERVICES MEDIA

BELL

DOD's

GENERAL

PROGRAMMERS.

INTERNET

BOTH SYSTEM

AMONG

SYSTEM.

TERMINALS,

STANDARD CONTROL

INTERPROCESS

AMONG

ITS

FILE,

TO

TRAVERSE

LOCAL

AND

VOICE

CIRCUITS,

UNET AND MACHfNES. WITH

SPECIAL

UNET

UNIX

XENIX

ETHERNET

WILL

IS

BEING

XENIX

COOPERATION

AND

3COM

IS A TRADEMARK

DIGITAL

ENHANCE

OFFERED

IN

ON

SATELLITE

BELL'S

PARTICULAR,

THE

18086,

ARE

TRADEMARKS

UNIX

ON

UNIX

UNET

Z8000,

WITH

OF

MICROSOFT.

BELL

OF

MICROSOFT. OF

CHANNELS,

ON

PDP-lIs

WHEN

WILL

AND

OF

3COM

LABORATORIES.

XEROX

CORPORATION.

AND

PORTED

BE

AVAILABLE

M68000

CORPORATION.

ETHERNET.

AND

VAXs

TO

OTHER

IN

4

UNET

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

(7)

(1)

IP/TCP CCITT's X.25, PLANS

(2)

SEMINAR

BOB

METCALFE

HOWARD GREG BREAK BRUCE QUESTIONS

END

BOB

FOR

HOWARD

CHARNEY

SHAW

BORDEN

METCALFE

AND

UNET

BUILDING

CHARNEY

SCHEDULE

3:00 3:25 3:50 4:15 4:30 5:30 6:00

WILL

FIT

INTO

IBM's

SNA,

COMPUTER

WILL

WHERE

How UNET REFRESHMENTS. UNET

DISCUSSION.

END.

PRESENT

ISO's

XEROX'S

PRESENT

UNET

TO

BUY

FEATURES

INTERNALS

3COM'S OSI

ETHERNET,

COMMUNICATION

HOW

FITS UNET

REFERENCE

3COM

IN.

LICENSES.

AND

FUNCTIONS.

AND

UNIX.

VIEW

OF

MODEL,

AND

COMPATIBILITY.

IS

OFFERING

WHERE

3COM

UNET TO

OBTAIN

AND

BINARIES

(3)

AND

WILL

MAIL,

(4)

HOW

UNET

FOR

WIDE

UNET

GREG

BRUCE

SHAW

EXPLA1N

AND

PROGRAMS.

IS

DISTRIBUTION

SOURCES,

FOR

RESALE.

WILL

BORDEN

IMPLEMENTED

PRESENT

HOW

UNET

WILL

AND

HOW

YOU

INSTALLATION,

UNET's

IS

USED

PRESENT

IN

HARMONY

FEATURES

WITH

UNET's

WITH

CAN

BUY

LICENSES

MAINTENANCE,

AND

FUNCTIONS

FILES,

INTERNALS

UNIX.

TERMINALS,

AND

5

3COM

PACKET

3COM

3COM'S

STANDS

CORPORATION

PEOPLE:

FOR

COMPUTER

SWITCHING

PAUL BRUCE HOWARD

RONALD

ROBERT

l~ENN~.

lJREGORY

DAVID

FOUR

PRODUCTS:

COMMUNICATION

FOUNDED

AND

BARAN,

S.

C.

M.

A.

IN

LOCAL

DIRECTOR

BORDEN,

CHARNEY, CRANE, METCALFE,

MORSE,

L.

SHAW,

SPILLER,

.

JUNE

COMPUTER

1979.

NETWORKS.

UNET

DIRECTOR

VP

PRODUCT

VP

OPERATIONS

PRESIDENT

VP

MARKETING

SOFTWARE

DIRECTOR

COMPATIBILITY

MANAGER

AND

COUNSEL

OF

ENGINEERING

AND

PL~~~~

ENGINEERiNG--

OF

FINANCE

AND

TREASURER

CONSULTING THE

3COM

UNET, DEC

IP/TCP

INTEL

AND

LOCAL

3COM

CONTRACT COMPUTER

FOR

UNIX

XEROX

PRODUCT NETWORK

ETHERNET

DEVELOPMENT VENDOR

LIST

6

IP/TCP

US

INTERNATION INTERCONNECTION

MULTIVENDOR

NOT

IS

AS

DOD

INTERNET

EXACTLY,

CLOSE

PROTOCOL

STANDARDS

REFERENCE

LAYERED

BUT

ApPLICATION

PRESENTATION

SESSION

AS

PACKET

AS

CLOSE

YOU

CAN

GET

TO

AND

TRANSMISSION

ORGANIZATION'S

OPEN

MODEL

INTERNETTING

AS

YOU

CAN

GET:

MAIL

FILE

UFTP

TRANSFER

TR~NSFER

AND

UVTP

ISO's

OSI

CONTROL

SYSTEMS

PROTOCOL

AND

REFERENCE

PROTOCOL

(UMTP)

VIRTUAL

MODEL

TERMINAL

TRANSPORT

NETWORK

LINK

PHYSICAL

~

TRANSMISSION

INTERNET

CONTROL

PROTOCOL

LINK

PHYSICAL

PROTOCOL

( I

P)

,

DATAGRAMS

ETHERNET

(TCP)

-

7

CCITT's

X.25

CONNECTING DATA PHYSICAL, PACKET VIRTUAL PTT

IP/TCP

THROUGH

INTERNET CIRCUITS ON

COMMUNICATING

WHICH

X.25

IS

AN

INTERNATIONAL

DATA

COMMUNICATION

LINK,

EXCHANGES

CIRCUITS

DCEs.

IS

A

US

WHICH

DATAGRAMS

CAN

IP/TCP

AND

BE

IP/TCP

TERMINAL

EQUIPMENT

AND

THAT

BETWEEN

DOD

STANDARD

COMMUNICATING

AND

MAINTAINED

COMPUTERS.

INTERNET

AND

STANDARD EQUIPMENT

NETWORK

CREATE,

SUBSCRIBER

THROUGH

BETWEEN

PACKETS

ETHERNET

INTERFACE

(DTE)

(DeE).

LEVEL

USE,

END-TO-END COMPUTERS

WHICH

THE

TRAVEL

X.25

INTERFACES

AND

DTEs

EXCHANGE

VIRTUAL

PROCESSES

DCE

THROUGH

MAY

FOR

TO

SPECIFIES

FOR

CLOSE

THROUGH

PROTOCOL

BE EITHER ACTIVE

ETHERNET DEC, BOTH ETHERNET

FOR LOCALLY

DCE

(AND

PUBLIC OR

INTEL, PHYSICAL

IP/TCP,

CONNECTED

TO

WHICH

HDLC

OR

PRIVATE,

PASSIVE.

IS A STANDARD

3COM,

CAN

AS

AND

SERVE

THEY

AND

LINK

CAN

BY

CAN

X.21).

NOW

XEROX.

LEVEL

TO

CARRY

X.25.

ETHERNET,

INTERFACE

REMOTE

BEING

INTERNET

WHEN

OR

LOCAL,

PROMOTED

I T

SPEC

I F I

ES

INTERCONNECTION.

DATAGRAMS

TWO

DTEs

THERE

USING

ARE

IS

NO

X.25

BY

8

IP/TCP,

COMMON ADVERTISEMENTS

BETTER

ARCHITECTURE

SNA PROBLEM TO

ISO's

LIKE

IP/TCP

MIGHT

IP/TCP

WHILE

ETHERNET,

INFERENCES

NOTWITHSTANDING,

(OR

EVEN

(SNA).

HAS

BEEN

OF

THOSE

IS A NON-VENDOR-ALIGNED

BE

EMPHASIZES

MAXIMIZING

DEVELOPED

DATA

OSI

REFERENCE

PROVIDED

USED

INSTEAD

AND

SNA

ARE

FROM

WORSE)

COMMUNICATION

DISTRIBUTED

END-TO-END

XEROX

THAN

BY

MODEL.

BY

IP/TCP

OF

CERTAIN

NOT

INFORMATION

IBM's

IBM

TO

AND

SNA

AND

PROTOCOL

PEER

COORDINATION."

ALTERNATIVES.

OUTLET

ETHERNET

SYSTEM

TACKLE

CAN

SUBSUMES

ETHERNET.

OF

SNA's

COMMUNICATION

IS

NOT

NETWORK

THE

WHOLE

BE

LIKENED

FUNCTIONS

THAT

FUNCTIONS.

SNA

EMPHASIZES

MAXIMIZING

ETHERNET

LOCAL

INSTEAD ETHERNET SDLC DISTRIBUTED

PRESUME

DCEs,

NO

COMPUTER

AND

ETHERNET

CENTRAL

HOST-CENTERED CENTRALIZED

IS

OF

CERTAIN MIGHT X.2I.

THE

CONTROLLERS

A

PROPOSED

NETWORKING

OF

BE

USED

LIKE PEER EXISTANCE

IS

IP/TCP,

COMMUNICATION.

DISTRIBUTED

COMMUNICATION

CONTROL.

NON-VENDOR-ALIGNED

SYSTEM

SNA's

IN

AN

OF

CENTRAL

OR

SEPARATE

FUNCTIONS.

THAT

SNA

SYSTEM

ETHERNET

WHERE

CONTROLLERS

AND

PASSIVE

WHILE

MIGHT

FOR

INSTEAD

EMPHASIZES

SDLC

DCEs.

STANDARD

BE

USED

EXAMPLE,

OF

AND

X.2I

AND

SEPARATE

HAVING

9

3COM'S STANDARDS

TODAY'S

THE

STANDARDS

APPROACH

AND

VERSUS

BIG

THREE

CHOSEN

IS

TO

INVEST

TO

MAXIMIZE

TOMORROW'S

PROBLEMS:

ENGINEERS

MARKETEERS

THE

TRAP:

SO

DEC

INTEL

INNOVATING

DIFFERENTIATING

MAKING

FAR:

3COM

IN

FORWARD-LOOKING

COMPATIBILITY.

INSTALLED

STANDARDS

XEROX

BASE.

INCOMPATIBILITY

ETHERNET

PRODUCTS

THE

HARD

(IEEE?)

WAY

STANDARDS

BEING

DOD

IP/TCP

UNIX

18086,

X.2S

FTP,

FIBEROPTICS

DATABASE

DOCUMENT

AND C (FOR

STUDIED:

Z8000,

VTP,

MANAGER

FORMAT

MTP

(WAITING

THE

M68000

(FILES,

FOR

ISO) + ARPANET

16-BIT

TERMINALS,

MICROS)

MAIL)

10

DEC

'XEROX

INTEL

CRITICAL

DEC

TRANSCEIVERS

INTEL

OTHER

3COM:LCNVL,

ETHERNET

3COM

MASS

860

AND

CHIP(S).

PARTICIPANTS?

IS

XEROX

HAS

5700.

WHAT

UNET,

ONLY

ETHERNET

BEEN

AND

1%

ACHIEVED.

OTHER

CONTROLLERS.

AND

·HP,

TRANSCEIVERS,

OR

PRODUCTS?

WHEN?

••..•

2%

OF

WHEN?

?

CONTROLLERS,

THE

PROBLEM.

...

SOON.

IP/TCP

AND

UFTP,

UVTP,

AND

UMTP

ARE

AFTER

THE

OTHER

98%.

11

o

Licensing

The

o

The

o·

Obtaining

UNET

four

UNET

Standard

of

types

Licensing

UNET

Communication

UNET

of

•

parallels

UNET

fees.

UNIX.

licenses.

Software

for

UNIX

.

presented

~ovember

by

11,

Howard 1980

Charney

o

Technically

o

UNIX

is

Why

superior

written

do

people

in

C, a high

as:

license

tools

UNIX?

level

12

language.

o

Applications

compatibility)

o

The recreating the

expertise

cost

the

of

code

and

programs

licensing

(including

the

time

to

(i.e.

is

the

do

portability

far

less

documentation)

it.

than

of

the

C

and

cost

if

of

you

had

o

IP/TCP

UNET

is

Why

are

technically

written

should

in'

you

C, a

license

superior

high

UNET?

protocols.

level

13

language.

o

IP/TCP

o The

of

recreating

documentation)

it.

cost

are

the

if

--

DOD

of

licensing code you

standards

(including

had

the

and

UNET

is

UFTP,

expertise

are

non-vendor

far

UVTP, and

---

less

than UMTP,

the

time

aligned.

the

cost

and

the

to

do

14

o

the

UNIX

o

execute

as

source

Software

without

as

object

a

Supplemental

UNIX

code

installation.

maintenance.

warranties

code

from

Agreement.

from

Agreement.

is

Western

of

any

Wes.tern

supplied

Electric

kind.

Electric

after

Licensees*

you

execute

who

*

and

soon

from

our

friends

at

Microsoft

as

their

XENIX

as.

15

o

as

the

UNET

o

installation

writing

Installation

o maintenance you

execute

o works

o

Supplemental

Software

with

network

with

as

we

as

source

installation

(i.e.

drivers,

Agreement.

maintenance

(i.e.

a

UNET

warranties represent.

object

Agreement.

UNET

code

from

Agreement.

dropping

bug

fixes,

Maintenance

--

from

is

3Com

support

UNET

etc.)

support

documentation

that

3Com

supplied

Corporation

--

if

into

and

---

--

Agreement.

3Com

licensees

you

if

owns

the

you

decide

version

execute

decide

updates,

UNET

who

after

and

execute

a

you

7

kernel,

UNET

you

etc.)

that

execute

need

UNET

a

UNET

and

16

o

right-to-use

o

installation

o

maintenance

o

right-to-sell

Thus,

there

source

(i.e.

binaries

are

four

code

Installation

Maintenance

(i.e.

UNET

licenses:

Software

Agreement).

Supplemental

Agreement*).

*

parallels

Western

Electric

UNIX

license.

17

o

$7,300

$4,300

RIGHT-TO-USE

for

a

first

for

each

CPU.

additional

SOURCE

CPU.

LICENSE

o

needs.

is

quoted

INSTALLATION

individually

based

upon

each

18

customer's

o

expenses.

o

one-half

is

performed

requires

of

the

on a consulting-like

an

advance

estimated

payment

total

fees

to

3Com

for

basis

of

the

installation.

including

approximately

fees

o

paid

is

calculated

to

3Com

for

MAINTENANCE

as

5%

of

source

the

and

sum

binary

total

licenses.

of

UNET

19

license

o

is

paid

every

six

months.

RIGHT-TO-SELL BINARIES LICENSE

20

of

users

UNIX

o

fees.

Fees

per

Fees

parallel

are

calculated

CPU

and

are

approximately

UNIX.

the

from a table

total

license

one-third

based

fees

of

upon

paid

the

to

3Com.

comparable

number

21

o

UNET

DECEMBER

o

If

early,

because

15,

you

is

available

1980.

desire

3Com

AVAILABILITY

for

shipment

installation,

personnel

resources

OF

UNET

please

to

customers

so

are

indicate

a

gaiting

on

to

3Com

factor.

HOW

DO

YOU

OBTAIN

22

UNET?

o You

model

dates.

weeks]

appropriate

to shipment

number,

o

If

o

3Com

•

o You

o

3Com

you

[please

fill

installation

execute

to

out

serial

prepares

payment

prepares

allow

you].

a

request

number,

license

the

to

a three

is

desired,

license

3Com

tape

days

indicating

and

location

please

agreement(s)

Corporation.

and

documentation at

3Com

licenses

of

specify

[please

and

three

CPU's,

make

and

desired,

etc.

preferred

allow

ships

days

two

them

for

23

General

o

communication

o

uses

o

written

o

supports

o

drop-in

Programs

o

UFTP

o

UVTP

o

UMTP

Characteristics

DoD

Standard

in

C

any

physical

installation

(UNET

interactive

o o

file

o

directory

o

automatic

o

remote

(UNET

o

complete

o

local

(UNET

o

functions:

o

mail

o

compatible

o

distribution

File

functions:

!

Virtual

remote

!

Mail

header

WHAT

software

IP/TCP

Transfer

or

command

get, functions: login

Terminal

terminal

Transfer

send,

fields:

with

RAND

lists

UNET

for

protocols

network

Program) put,

list,

Program)

read

to,

MH

DOES

UNIX

Version

medium

line

mode

delete,

change

Program)

emulation

from,

and

Bell

rename

date,

Mail

7

subject,

1

Vocabulary

1-------------------1

1 Network I

I

Packet

1 Datagram 1 1

Gateway 1

1

Internet

1

Host

1

Protocol

1

cc

Virtual Port

Circuit

1

I

1

I

1

Library

o

Utility

o

Routines

TCP

(Virtual

o

device

o

multiple

o

byte

streams & records

o

positive

o

timeouts

o

retransmission

o checksums

o

sequencing

o 3-way o windows

IP

(Datagram

o

routing:

multiple

o o

multiple

UNETNAMES

functions:

o

nicknames

o

PTTY

(Pseudo-Terminal

Programs

LHOST

TP,

subsets:

o

long

o

sort TU

o

paths:

(List

form: by:

(Test

Circuit

Service)

independency:

concurrent acknowledgements

handshake

Service) static,

dynamic protocol network

(Host

host

HOST

all,

Name

name

names)

this,

support

Mapping)

address,

name, number Protocol,

ip

loop-back,

system

virtua~

support

to

address

Service)

specific location,

Test

User

protocol

calls, circuits

and

names

liaison

Process)

to

user,

stdio

back,

combinations

enumerate

names

24

UFTP -UNET

Mode:

Interactive

Command

File

functions:

Get Put Delete

Rename

Direct~ry

functions:

List

Change

line

File

Transfer

-

prompt

-

take

-

get

file

-

put

local

-

delete

- rename

-

list

-

change

Program

for

each

commands from

from

file

remote

names

remote

file file

of

files working

command

onto

and

command

host

remote

in

remote

directory

parameters

line

host

directory

Automatic Remote !

login

25

Send a copy "thathost":

Retrieve named

Print a listing "adirectory"

"thathost":

of

%

uftp

a copy

%

uftp

%

uftp

UFTP

the

thathost

of

thathost

of

on

another

thathost

Examples

file

the

file

all

the

"afile"

put

afile

"afile"

get

afile

files

host

list

to

another

from

in

the

named

adirectory

"thathost":

host

another

directory

named

host

..

Print another

a

listing host

%

uftp

of

named

thathost

all

the

users

"thathost":

get

!who

currently

logged

in

on

26

Complete

Escape

to

UVTP -UNET

remote

local

terminal

shell

Virtual

emulation

Terminal

Program

27

UVTP

%

uvtp

ThatHost

login:

password:

•••

(escape

••• (escape

%

thathost

myname

now

talking

continue

Example

UNET/UVTP

character)!who

talking

character)q

to

Server

shell

to

Terminal

on

thathost

shell

Session

on

thathost

28

UMTP -UNET

Functions:

Send Read -

Mail

header

To From Date

Subject Cc

Compatible

fields:

with

Mail

send read

-

primary

-

sender

-

date

-

what

-

secondary

RAND

MH

Transfer

mail

recipients

and

the

message

and

to

"user

in

my

time

message

recipients

Bell

Mail

Program

at

host"

mailbox

is

about

was

sent

Distribution

lists

29

Send a message

% umtp

Joe, our

project

What do you

.--Bob

(control-D)

%

Read

mail

in

% umtp

Date: 4 Nov

From: To:

Joe

Subject: Joe,

our

project

to "joeuser

I'd

like

status,

actions,

my

mailbox:

Bob

at

Meeting

I'd

like

status,

user

to

meeting

think?

1980

at

thishost

thathost

meeting

UMTP

"joeuser"

at

thathost"

propose

min

5 min

at

2109-PDT

on

11/7/80

to

propose

min

Examples

at

another

the

Friday:

the Friday:

host

-subject following

following

named

"Meeting

tentative

"thathost": on

11/7/80"

agenda

for

actions,

What do you

--Bob

?

%

5 min

th~nk?

30

TCP -Virtual

Device

Basic

Reliability:

independence:

system

stdio -getc,

data

Multiple

Byte Records

Positive Timeouts -for Retransmission

calls

transfer:

concurrent

streams

acknowledgements -end-to-end

Circuit

-

read,

putc,

error

- when

Service

write,

etc.

virtual

recovery

timeout

ioctl,

circuits

(no

expires

etc.

on

negative

before

every

packet

acknowledgements)

ack

received

Resource

Checksums Sequencing -allows 3-way

Windows -

handshake -insures

Control:

end-to-end

limit

data

detect

reordering

reliable

outstanding

corrupted

of

out-of-order

virtual

for

flow

packets

circuit

control

packets

setup

TCP

31

Examples

Open a

virtual

fd

::III

"thathost", RPORT,

0, 0,

"r")

/*

now

circuit

tcpopen(

;

fd

can

to

be

port

used

"RPORT"

/*

host

/*

remote

/*

local

/*

passive

/*

type

just

like

on

name

port

==

any

another

*/

port

number

flag

read

*/

other

==

host

false

file

named

*/

==

unspecified

*/

descriptor

"thathost":

*/

Routing:

IP

- Datagram

32

Service

Multiple

static dynamic -

protocol

exclusive -maximum

multiplexor

network any medium - RS-232C, easy -each

-

routing

on

support

initialized

failure

controller

driver

is a simple

a

new

of

one

-

Ethernet,

from

route

process

similar

text

is

chosen

per

to

multiplexed

X.2S,

drop-in

file

automatically

protocol

DMR-ll,

kernel

(like

etc.

module

/etc/ttys)

number RAND

PORT

Open

file

IP

descriptor

Examples

for

protocol

33

10:

fd = open("/dev/UNET/proto10",

Send

an

ip

datagram

pwp.pwp_type = pwp.pwp_uui =

pwp.pwp-pps[Ol.pps_cnt pwp.pwp-pps[Ol.pps_addr = &ipheader; pwp.pwp-pps[11.pps_cnt

pwp.pwp-pps[11.pps_addr = &ipdata; pwp.pwp-pps[21.pps_cnt

write(fd,

Read a message

prp.prp_hdr prp.prp_tmo

prp.prp_data count = read(fd,

/*

on

return:

uprhdr.upr_type: uprhdr.upr_uui: uprhdr.upr_ttime: buffer:

count:

WP2ID;

-1;

&pwp,

from

= &uprhdr

= 10;

=

to a remote

=

IPHDRLEN;

=

count;

=

0;

IPHDRLEN + count);

the

ip

&buffer;

&prp,

sizeof

2»;

host:

device:

buffer);

type

what

current the number

*/

of user

data

time

of

it's

read

bytes

from

in

(if

buffer

applicable)

Types

Received WU2PD

WP2UWA WU2PIOC

WTMO WU2PCL WI2PD

WP2IWA

Sent

WP2UD

WU2PRA

WP2UIOC

WP2UCL WP2ID WI2PRA WSETINB WSETUNB

of

to

messages

from

ip:

sent

-

data

-

buffer

- a

user

-

read

-

user

-

data

-

buffer

-

data

-

buffer

-

response

-

response

-

data

-

buffer enable

-

set

between

from

the

user space executed

timeout device from

for a user

for

ip

space

to

ip space ip

and

number

closed

ioctl user

ip

and

to

protocol

is

available an

ioctl

exceeded

to

protocol

is

available

is

available

from

close

is

available

set

the

of

buffers

the

number

protocol

process

for

process

for

user

for in

process:

writing

reads

of

buffers

user

to a user

to

from a

from

queues

in

ip

user

ip

q

Miscellaneous

34

UNETNAMES:

gethnent gethnname

gethnnum sethnent

endhnent getmyhname

PTTY:

LROST:

Pseudo-Terminal

master slave

List

Host

HOST

Name

names

Mapping

-

get

-

get get

-

rewind

-

close

-

get

Device

-

controlling

-

looks

program

Library

the

Routines

host

given given

to

beginning

host

name

host

like a normal

name

host

database

name

side

for

of a terminal

entry

name

address

of

host

this

/dev/tty

name

system

device

database

TP,

all

this

specific

long num

TU:

Test

ip p2u

combinations

Protocol,

loop-back

-

list

-

Test

-

list list

list sort

User

test test

test

all

names,

this

host given address,

by

address

Process

path

from

path

from

user

to

names

location,

ip

including

only

rather

programs

protocol protocol

to

protocol

nicknames

liaison

than

name

to

ip

to

user

path,

etc.

35

General

o

communication

o

uses

o

written

o

supports

o

drop-in

Programs

o

UFTP

o

UVTP

o

UMTP

Characteristics

DoD

Standard

in

C

any

physical

installation

(UNET

o

interactive

o

file directory

o o

automatic

o

remote

(UNET

o

complete

o

local

(UNET

functions:

o

mail

o

compatible

o

distribution

File

functions:

!

Virtual

remote

!

Mail

header

WHAT

software

IP/TCP

Transfer or

command

get, functions: login

Terminal

terminal

Transfer

send, with

read

fields:

RAND

lists

UNET

DOES

for

UNIX

protocols

network

Program)

line

put, list,

Program)

to,

MH

Version

medium

mode

delete,

change

Program)

emulation

from,

and

Bell

rename

date,

Mail

7

subject,

1

Vocabulary

1-------------------1

1 Network 1

Packet

1

1 Datagram I

I Gateway I I

Internet

I

Host

I

Protocol

1

I

cc

Virtual Port

Circuit

1

I I I

I

Library

o

Utility

o

Routines

rcp

(Virtual

o

device

o

multiple

o

byte

streams & records

o

positive

o

timeouts

o

retransmission o checksums o

sequencing o 3-way o windows

IP

(Datagram

o

routing: o

multiple

o

multiple

UNETNAMES

functions:

o

nicknames

o

PTTY

LHOS!

TP,

(Pseudo-Terminal

Programs

(List

o

subsets:

long

sort

TU

(Test

paths:

form: by:

o o

o

Circuit

independency:

concurrent acknowledgements

handshake

Service) static,

protocol network

(Host

host

HOST

all,

address, name, number Protocol,

ip

loop-back,

Name

name

names)

this,

Service)

dynamic

support support Mapping)

Service)

system

virtual

to

address

specific location,

Test

User

protocol

calls, circuits

and

names

liaison

Process)

to

user,

stdio

back,

combinations

enumerate

names

36

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37

THREE

USER

PROTOCOL

IP

ONE

Daemon

PRIMARY

SECONDARY

available

errors

and

INTERFACES

<=>

<->

<=>

PROTOCOL

IP

NETWORKS

,INTERFACE

for.logging

information.

of

38

for

( i = 0

if ( open ( "/dev/UNET/unet!"

if ( ioctl

else

error

"No

i <

if ( ioctl

I/O close

exit

}

else

error

UNET

Devices

NUU ; i++

(

select

(

( )

"Can't

"No

Protocol

Available"

USER

)

protocol

connect

INTERFACE

) )

) ) {

Connect"

Server"

/*

Scan

/*

If I find

/*

Select a protocol

/*

Open

/*

Normal

/*

Close

/*

No

/*

No

for a unet

(or

read/write

device--get

Connection

Protocol devices

listen

one

*/

Failed

Server

available

device

*/

for) a connection

of

data

errors

*/

The

tcpopen

returning

a

and file

ftcpopen

descriptor

combine

or

standard

the

"open"

I/O

and pointer

the

two

ioctl

respectively-

calls,

39

PROTOCOL

if

( open ( "/dev/UNET/protoll" )

ioctl ioctl for

error

(

set

(

enable

; ) {

(

read switch ( result.type case

case

"No

buffering

IP

()

USER.-DATA

USER_IOCTL

INTERFACE

Privelege"

)

[with

write ( IP_DATA ) and/or write ( USER_READ_AVAILABLE

[

perform

write ( USER_IOCTL_RESULT

timeout

) {

action

=-

]

-1

)

update

[

write ( USER_DATA

case

IP

DATA write ( IP_DATA ) or

write ( USER.-DATA ) and/or write ( IP_READ_AVAILABLE ) and/or write ( USER_READ_AVAILABLE

case

}

IP_WRITELAVAILABLE

[

update

write ( IP_DATA

write ( USER.-READ_AVAILABLE

case

TIMEOUT

[

find

write ( IP_DATA

}

user

window

)

to

IP

window

)

retransmission

)

User

open,

select

DATA

protocol,

FLOW

connect,

EXAMPLE

send

data,

40

close.

open("/dev/UNET/unetll

ioctl(

This is

Select

This

connect

returns

not

Protocol

ties

if

not protocol, and

effective)

return

this

user.

This

ioctl

busy,

the

there,

including

an

ioctl

)

data selected. connection, Connection remote protocol

host,

then

connected,

n

)

a

file

and

an

)

file

descriptor

error. of

result,

Success

is

sent

The

(in

and

protocol return

the

requiring

notes

and which

descriptor error

otherwise.

An

the

ioctl

the

requesting

indicating

or

failure

directly

success

case

of

several

that

"socket".

if

the

selected

No

to a particular

ioctl

type,

data and

the

process.

whether

is

returned

to

the

will TCP)

attempt

or

failure exchanges exchanges

the

state

data

flow.

protocol

packet

uids,

it

to

the

protocol

to

information

of

this

unet

special

is

and

The

protocol

will

user.

establish·

to

datagrams.

user

server--

sent

gids

to

(real

talk

previously

the

user.

with

stream

file

the

must with

the the

The

is

write(

close(

)

The

write

read_available socket

previously resending buffers willing

there

freed,

to

is

no window

protocol,

)

The

user

blocks. the

protocol,

the the

interface

Once

protocol

remote

indicating

user

structure

interrupts

error

result.

data

windows. The

it

as

necessary.

the

read

the

user

all a

close

has

system,

any

error is

the

close,

is

fed

specified,

protocol more

to

will

data

transfer

block

structure

of

the

previously

message

finished

it

returns

status.

freed

it

to

the

protocol queueing

As

the

notifies

from

in

is

its

a

for

will

protocol

data

this

data

the

write

flagged

written given close

close

When

the

another

return

then

sends

it

for

retransmission,

is

acknowledged,

the

kernel

user

from

code.

as

CLOSED,

data

to

the

connection

complete

user

open.

without

as

it

the

data

that

connection.

the

user

and

has

been

protocol.

handshake

to

the

close

returns,

If

the

~aiting

provides

to

the and

and

the

it

While

to

the

user

fed

When with

user,

user

for

is

the

to

the the

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3Com

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3Com

and 3 days

THE

fill

out a request

address:

3Com

Corporation

3000 Sand

Menlo

you

execute

3Com.

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(allow 2 weeks).

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Hill

Road

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UNET

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FOR

OBTAINING

form and

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94025

agreements

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and

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them

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REQUEST

FORM

51

Yes, I

[ ]

Source

[ ] A

[ ]

Maintenance

am

interested

code

Quantity

license

Quantity

licenses

to

distribute

support.

in

obtaining

CPU

Model

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