yaskawa J300L Programming Manual

A A h

CNC SYSTEM FOR TURNING APPLICATIONS

YASNAC J300L

PROGRAMMING MANUAL

Upon receipt of the product and prior to initial operation, read these

instructions thoroughly, and retain for future reference.

REFERENCE

YASNAC J300L OPERATING MANUAL

TOE-C843-”1 3.20

YASUNNA MANUAL NO. TOE-C843-1 3.21

FOREWORD

This manual gives the information necessary for creating a program u;ing the YASNAC J300L (with basic NC operation panel, 9-inch CRT).

Some information is given in tables in the Appendix so that readers can easily find the necessary information. In the G code table, section numbers are given for each G code to allow quick access to a detailed explanation if necessary.

The YASNAC J300L comes with an operation manual in addition to this programming manual. Use these manuals in conjunction with each other to ensure prclductive operation.

CAUTIONS

This manual describes all the option functions (identified by the “*” symbol) but some of these may not be available with your YASNAC J300L. To determine the option functions installed in your NC, refer to the specification document or manuals published by the machine tool builder.

Unless otherwise specified, the following conditions apply in programming explanations and programming examples.

● Metric system for input and metric system for output/movement

●

: Zero point in the base coordinate system

●

: Reference point

Yaskawa has made every effort to describe individual functions and their relationships to other functions as accurately as possible. However, there are many things t;~at cannot or must not be performed and it is not possible to describe all of these. Accordingly, readers are requested to understand that unless it is specifically stated that something can be performed, it should be assumed that it cannot be performed.

Also bear in mind that the performance and functions of an NC machine tool are not determined solely by the NC unit. The entire control system consists of the mechanical system, the machine operation panel and other machine related equipment in addition to the NC. Therefore, read the manuals published by the machine tool builder for detailed information relating to the machine.

General Precautions

● Some drawings in this manual are shown with the protective cover or shields removed,

in order to describe the detail with more clarity. Make sure all covers and shields are replaced before operating this product, and operate it in accordance with the directions in the manual.

● The figures and photographs in this manua Ishow arepresentative product for reference

purposes and may differ from the product actually delivered to you.

● This manual maybe modified when necessary because of improvement of the product,

modification, or changes in specifications. Such modification is made as arevision by renewing the manual No.

● To order a copy of this manual, if your copy has been damaged or lost, contact your

Yaskawa representative listed on the last page stating the manual No. on the front page.

● If any of the nameplates affixed to the product become damaged or illegible, please

send these nameplates to your Yaskawa :representative.

● Yaskawa is not responsible for any modification of the product made by the user since

that will void our guarantee.

NOTES FOR SAFE OPERATION

Read this programming manual thoroughly before installation, operatiorl , maintenance or inspection of the YASNAC J300L.

The functions and performance as NC machine tool are not determined oily by an NC unit itself. Before the operation, read thoroughly the machine tool builder’s documents relating to the machine tool concerned.

In this manual, the NOTES FOR SAFE OPERATION are classified as “WARNING” “CAUTION’.

Indicates a potentially hazardous situa;ion which, if

~ WARNING

m!mi!l

Even items described inl ~ In either case, follow these important items.

Please note that symbol mark used to indicate caution differs between 1S0 and JIS.

not avoided, could result in death or serious injury to personnel. Symbol uct.

Indicates a potentially hazardous situa;ion which, if not avoided, may result in minor or mo,ierate injury to perscmnel and damage to equipment. It may also be used to alert against unsafe practice.

is used in labels attached to the prod-

CAUTION I may result in a vital accident insome situations.

In this manual, symbol mark stipulated by 1S0 is usecl.

On products, caution symbol marks of 1S0 and JIS are used in labels. Please follow the same safety instructions concerning caution.

Ill

KEY TO WARNING LABELS

The following warning labels are used with the YASNAC J300L.

Electric shock hazard Do not touch the terminals while the power is on, and for 5 minutes after switching off the power supply!

Location of label

NC unit

— Warning label

——

.—.

— .-

Grounding wires must be conr ected to the unit’s grounding terminals.

Use proper grounding techniques.

ILJI

Location of label

I ~ WARNING I “

Location of label

NC operation panel with 9 inch CRT

~~——

Rear face

Warning Iab[?l

FOREWORD . . . . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . . . .. . . . .. . .. . . . .. . . . .. . .. . .

NOTES FOR SAFE OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

KEY TO WARNING LABELS . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . .. .. . .. . . . .. . .

1. PROGRAMMING BASICS

1.1 FUNDAMENTALS OF PROGRAMMING TERMINOLOGY . ...1-2

1,141

1.1.2 Least lnputlncrement and Least Output Increment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

1.1,3 Maximum Programmable Values for Axis Movement........,.. . . . . . 1-5

1.1.4 Tape Format . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6

1.1,5 Program Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9

1.1.6 OptionalBlockSkip(/1),(/2to/9) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-17

1.1,7 Buffer Register and Multi-active Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-18

1.2 BASICS OF FEED FUNCTION . ., . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . ...1-19

1.2.1

1.2.2 Cutting Feed (FCommand) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-20

1.2.3 Switching between Feed per Minute Modeand Feed per

1.2.4 Automatic Acceleratio nandDeceleration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-27

Numerically Controlled Axesandthe Number of Simultaneously

Controllable Axes . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,. 1-2

Rapid Traverse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-19

Revolution Mode (G98/G99) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-26

!,,

Ill

2. COMMANDS CALLING AXIS MOVEMENTS

2.1 INTERPOLATION COMMANDS ..,... . . . . . . .. .. . .. . . . . ...2-3

2.1.1

2.1.2 Linear interpolation (GOl) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...2-5

2.1.3 Circular interpolation (G02, G03, G22, G23) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9

2.1.4 Chamfering (Gil) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,2-14

2,1.5 Rounding (G12) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,2-16

2.1.6 Cylindrical interpolation (G124)G125) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18

2.1.7 Polar Coordinate interpolation (G126, G127)* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21

2.2 USING THE THREAD CUTTING FUNCTION . . . . . . . . . . . ...2-28

2.2.1 Thread Cutingand Continuous Thread Cutting (G32) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-28

2.2.2

2.2.3 Variable Lead Thread Cutting (G34)* ,, ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...2-37

2.3 REFERENCE POINT RETURN . . . .. . ., . . . . .. .. . .. . . . . ...2-39

2.3.1

2.3.2 Reference Point Return Check (G27) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...2-44

2.3.3 Return from Reference Point Return (G29) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-45

2.3.4 Second to Fourth Reference Point Return (G30)* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-49

Positioning (GOO,G06) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,,, ,, ...,,,.,.........,.2-3

Multiple-thread Cuttirlg(G32)* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...2 -34

Automatic Return to Fieference Point (G28) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-39

3. MOVEMENT CONTROL COMMANDS

3.1 SETTING THE COORDINATESYSTEM . .. .. . .. . . . . . . .. ...3-3

3.1.1 Base”Coordinate System (G!jO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...3-3

3.1.2 Workpiece Coordinate System (G50T, G51) * . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7

3.2 DETERMINING THE COOFIDINATE VALUE

INPUT MODES . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . ...3-16

3.2.1

3.2.2 Diametric and Radial Commands for X-=is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19

3.2.3 Inch/Metric Input Designation (G20, G21) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-20

Absolute/lncremental Desigrlation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 . . . . . . . . . ...3-16

3.3 TIME-CONTROLLING COMMANDS . . . . . .. . . . .. . . ~~. .. ...3-22

3.3.1

Dwell (G04) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...3-22

3.4 TOOL OFFSET FUNCTIONS . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . ... ...3-23

3.4.1

3.4.2 Tool Position Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...3-24

3.4.3 Nose ROffset Function (G4(l, G41/G42) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-29

Tool Offset Data Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3-23

3.5 SPINDLE FUNCTION (S FIJNCTION) . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ...3-75

3.5.1

3.5.2 Maximum Spindle Speed Command (G50S) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-76

3.5.3 Constant Surface Speed Control (G96, G97)* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-77

3.5.4 Rotary Tool Spindle Selection Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-81

Spindle Command (S5-digit Command) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-75

3.6 TOOL FUNCTION (T FUNCTION) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...3-82

3.6.1

3.6.2 T6-digit Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...3-82

T4-digit Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...3-82

3.7 MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTION (M FUNCTION) . . . . c. . . ...3-83

3.7.1

3.7.2 internally Processed M Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...3- 84

3.7.3 General Purpose M Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...3-85

. .—.——-—- ..— ..—.-—-----

MCodes Relating to Stop Operation (MOO, MOl, M02, M30) . . . . . . . . 3-83

vii

——— .- .._—-.—...—..-. -—-.-.... ..—— ..-.. - .—, -—-.. —.-..-,— . .. —.-—.——

4. ENHANCED LEVEL (COMMANDS

4.1 PROGRAM SUPPORT FUNCTIONS(l) ,.. .: .,............4-3

4.1.1

4.1.2 Multiple Repetitive Cycles (G70to G76)* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16

4.1.3 Multiple Chamfering/Rounding on Both Ends of Taper (Gill) * . . . . . . 4-56

4.1.4 Multiple Chamfering/Rounding on Arc Ends (G112) *. , . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-70

4.1.5

4.2 PROGRAM SUPPORT FUNCTIONS

4.2.1

4.2.2 Programmable Data lnput(GIO) *.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...4-104

4.2.3 Subprogram Call Up Function (M98, M99) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-106

4.2.4 Stored Stroke Limit B(G36to G39) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...4-108

Canned Cycles (G9Cl. G92. G94) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

Hole-machining Canned Cycles

(G80to G89, G831, G841, G861) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...4-79

(2) , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...4-94

Solid Tap Function (G84, G841) *..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..4-g4

4.3 AUTOMATING SUPPORT FUNCTIONS . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .4- 114

4,3.1

4.3.2 Tool Life Control Function (G122, G123) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-117

4,4 MICROPROGRAMS . . .. .. . . . .. . .. . . . .. . .. .. . .. . . . .. . 4-126

4.4.1

4.4.2

4.4.3 Variables, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...4 -138

4.4.4 Operation instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...4-162

4.4.5 Control instructions .,, ,,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...4-164

4,4,6 Registering the Microprogram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...4 -170

4.4.7 RS-232C Data Output 2( BPRNT, DPRNT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-171

4.4.8 Microprogram Alarm Numbers,,,. , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...4-176

4.4.9 Examples of Microprograms, ,., ,, ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...4-177

Skip Function (G31) *.....,,.,...,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...4-114

Differences from Subprograms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-126

Microprogram Call (G65, G66, G67)*. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...4-128

APPENDIX 1 G CODE TABLE

APPENDIX l.l GCODE TABLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Al-2

APPENDIX 2 INDEX

Vlll

PROGRAMMING BASICS

Chapter 1 describes the basic terms used in programming and

the feed functions.

1.1

FUNDAMEN”rALS OF PROGRAMMING

TERMINOLOGY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2

1.1,1

Numerically Controlled Axes and the Nulmber

of Simultaneously Controllable Axes . . . . . . . . 1 -2

1.1,2

1.1.3

1,1.4 1,1.5

1.1.6 Optional Block Skip (/1), (/2 to /9) * . . . . . . . . 1-17

1.1.7

1.2

BASICS OF I=EED FUNCTION . . . . . i .. 1-19

1.2.1

1.2.2 Cutting Feed (F Command) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-20

1.2.3

1.2.4

Least Input Increment and Least Output

Increment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ‘1-3

Maximum Programmable Values for Axis

Movemen t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5

Tape Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6

Program Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9

Buffer Register and Multi-active Registel’ . . . 1-18

Rapid Traverse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-19

Switching between Feed per Minute Mode and Feed per Revolution Mode (G98/G$19) . 1-26

Automatic Acceleration and Deceleration . . . 1-27

1.1

FUNDAMENTALS OF PROGRAMMING TERMINOLOGY

This section describes the basic terms used in programming.

1.1.1

Numerically Controlled Axes and the Number of Simultaneously Controllable Axes

The numerically controlled axes and the number of axes that can be controlled simultaneously are indicated in Table 1.1.

—.. . . . . .,-. .. . . ... . ,, , -. ,.

[able 1.1 Numerically Uontroilea Axes ana tne NumDer oT Slmul[aneously

Controllable Axes

Description

IBasic axes lXand Z

Controlled axes

Number of simttltaneousl y controllable axes

Note 1: For polar coordinate interpolation* and cylindrical interpolation

XCor ZCplane. For details, see 2.1.7,’’Polar Coordinate Interpolation” and 2.1.6, “Cylindrical Interpolation”.

2: With a manual pulse generator, only one axis control is possible.

Series 1 control

Positioning (GOO) All axes

Linear interpolation ((301) Circular interpolation (G02,

G03) Manual operation

Aclditional axis control A*

Additional axis control B*

}

Xand Z+C

Expandable to 5 axes (Y-axis, B-axis, etc.)

AUaxes

2 axes

All axes

*, circular interpolation is possible on virtual

—

1-2

..—.- —

1.1 FUNDAMENTALS OF PROGRAMMING TERMINOLOGY

1.1.2 Least Input Increment and Least Output Increment

The least input and output increments vary depending cmthe type of controlled axis whether it is a rotary axis or a linear axis.

(1)

LeastInput Incrementand10-tilmeInputIncrement

The least input increment to express axis movement distance that is input by using punched tape or manual data input switches is indicated in Table 1,2.

Table 1.2 Least Input Increment (pml 000 DO=O)

! i 2 i ? q

Metric Input

Inch Input

By setting “l” for parameter pm1000 DO (pm1000 DO = 1), the “lO-time input increment” specifications indicated in Table 1.3 is selected.

Table 1.3 10-time Input Increment (pml 000 DO= 1)

Metric Input

Inch Input

Note: Selection of “mm-input” and “inch-input” is made by the setting parameter pmOO07[IOorbythespecification

ofG20/G21

Disregarding of the least input increment mode which has been select ed, tool.offset data are always written in units of 0.001 mm (or 0.0001 inch, or 0.001 deg.). Offset movement is possible in the specified the following operations and the commands for them must be given in units c}f0.01 mm.

●

Data writing in the MDI mode

‘X-’:zzz:::: :3

‘X-’::z ~:G:-”-3

vake. If the offset data are set in units of 0.01 mm,

●

Programming for the memory mode operation

●

Program editing

1. If an NC program written in units of 0.001 mm is executed while the 0.01 mm setting increment is selected, dimension commands are.all executed 10 times the specified value.

2. If the program stored in memory is executed in the memory mode after changing the setting for pm1000 DO (input increment setting parameter), dimension commands in the stored program are executed in either 1/10 or 10 times the specified value.

3. When a program stored in memory is output to a tape, the stored program is output as it is and not influenced by the setting for pm1000 DO (input increment setting parameter).

Least Output Increment

(2)

The least output increment indicates the “minimum unit” of axis movement that is determined by the mechanical system. By selecting the option, it is possible to select the output unit system between “mm” and “inches”.

Table 1.4 Least Output Unit (pml 000 DO = 1)

Linear Axes

(X-, ‘f-, Z-axis, etc.)

Metric Output 0.001 mm 0.001 deg.

Inch Output

0.0001inch

* C-axis

0.001 deg.

..—.— ———

“l-4

1.1 FUNDAMEN”rALS OF PROGRAMMING TERMINOLOGY

1.1.3 Maximum Programmable Values for Axis Movement

The maximum programmable values that can be designated for a move command are indicated in Table 1.5. The maximum programmable values indicated in these tables are applica-

ble to addresses I, J, K, R, A, and B which are used for designating “distance” in addition

to the move command addresses X, Y, Z, C, U, W, V, and H.

Table 1.5 Maximum Programmable Values for Axis Movement

Linear Axes

(X-, Y-, Z-axis, etc.)

Metric Output

Metric Input

Inch Input

Metric Input

Inch Output

Inch Input

+ 999999.999mm + 999999.999 deg.

+ 39370.0787inch t 999999.999 deg.

A999999.999 mm

+ 99999.9999 inch

—,

* C-axis

,—

—.

!199999.999deg.

k S199999.999deg.

In incremental programming, the values 10be designated must not exceed he maximum programmable values indicated above. In absolute programming, the mmw distance of each axis must not exceed the maximum programmable values indicated abclve. In addition to the notes indicated above, it must also be taken into consideration that the cumulative values of move command must not exceed the values indicted in Table 1.6.

Table 1.6 Maximum Cumulative Values

\ Metric Input ] + 999999.999mm I Inch Input I + 999999.9999inch

Note: The values indicated above do not depend on the “least output increment”.

I A 999999.999 deg. I

999999.999deg.

1-5

1.1.4 Tape Format

The following describes the important items concerning the tape format.

(1) Label and Label Skip

By entering “label” at the beginning of a punched tape, classification and handling of

tape can be facilitated. The label skip function disregards the data appearing before the first EOB code. With

this feature, label can contain address characters and function codes which are not supported by the NC. A code that does not match the selected parity scheme can also be used. The label skip function becomes enabled when the power is turned ON or when the NC is reset. While the li~belskip function is enabled, “LX” message is displayed on the screen.

Tape Start and Tape End

(2)

At the start and end of a tape, the same code (see Table 1.7) should be punched.

Table 1.7 Tape Start and Tape End

Description

F’:

● The ER code (rewind stop code) entered following the tape start label indicates

the rewind stop when the tape is rewound by the tape rewind command.

● The ER code, expressing the tape end, indicates the stop point when several

part programs are stored in NC memory.

Tape startflape end

.—

1-6

1.1 FUNDAMENTALS OF PROGRAMMING TERMINOLOGY l——

- Label

~=~

ER CR

‘— Program part

T T

Tape start

(Called as ‘(%” or “Rewind Stop” code)

Note:

As theendof program code, M02

are

used as the p;ogram end Mcode is determined according to the setting forparamt.terpm3005 D3.

Fig.1.1

Program start (Called as “EOW or “End of Block’’. code)

SingleMainProgramPunchedonTape(EIACocle)

‘~—

(

Comment y ,– part

orM99canbeusedinsteadof’M30.Whetherornotthe Wcodesindicatedabove

~—

1~1

Tape end

LF/NL

0/0

—=— Program part

=I=Q=

- “beITrlTI T

Tape start

Program part _

Fig. 1,2

Program start

M3O&-

Program — end

-p

Program part

Multiple Programs F’unched on Tape (EIA Code)

Tape end —-

Tape end

1-7

(3) Program Start and Program End

(a) Program start

When punching a program on a tape, the following code should be punched to declare the beginning of a program. This code cancels the label skip function.

Table 1.8 Program St:irt

Description

E=.

(b)

Program end

Program start

Any of the following codes indicated in Table 1.9 should be punched at the end of

a program to declare the program end.

Table 1.9 Program End

EIA 1s0 Description

M02CR

M30CR M99CR M99LFJNL Subprogram end

Note 1:

When “M02CR” or “M30LF,’NL” is executed, the equipment may or may not be reset or rewound depending

on equipment specifications.

Refer to the manual published by the machine tool builder.

When multiple part programs are started in the NC memory, control may move to the next part program after reading the program end code shown above.

Thisoccurs when part programs are entered by total input.

If ER or LF/NLcode is executed for a program in which neither M02 nor M30 is entered at the end of the program; the NC is reset.

Mo2LF/NL

M30LFINL Program end and rewind

Program end

. — —-

“I-8

1.1.5 Program Format

(1) Program Part

The section beginning with the prc)gram start code-and ending with the program end code is called the program part. The program part consists of blocks, and each block consists of words.

E R ;

1.1 FUNDAMENTALS OF PROGRAMMING TERMINOLOGY l——

Block

Note: In this manual, the “EOB” code is expressed by a semi-colon C).

- -

Block Block

Program part

- = z

,—

Fig. 1.3 Construction of Program

Program number

(a)

By entering a program number immediately after the program start cocle, it is possible to distinguish a specific program from other programs. A program number consists of address O and a mi~ximum of 5-digit number that follows address O.

The NC memory has a capacity to store a maximum of 99 prog]ams; this capacit y

can be optionally increased to store up to 299 or 999 programx.

(b)

Sequence number

A sequence number, consisting, of address N and a maximum of 5-digit integer that

follows address N, can be ente:red at the beginning of a block. Sequence numbers are used only for reference numbers of blocks and do not influence the contents and execution order of machining processes. Therefore, sequential or non-sequential numbers may be used for sequence numbers,

It is also allowed to leave blocks without assigning sequence nu:mbers. In addition, the same sequence number may be assigned to different blocks. Although there are no restrictions on using se-

quence numbers, it is recommended to assign sequence numblars in a sequential order. Before executing the sequence number search, it is necessary to execute the program number search to determine the program in which sequence number search should be executed.

——..

——-

———

1. If a sequence number consisting of 6 of more digits is designated, 5 digits from the least insignificant digit are regarded as a sequence number.

2. If address search is executed for a sequence number which is assigned to more than one block, the block searched first is read and search processing is completed

at that block.

3. For blocks for which a sequence number is not assigned, search is possible by the address search operation if address data in the block to be searched are designated as the object of address search operation.

4. When designating a sequence number following G25 or M99, designate a 4-digit

number.

A word consists of an address character included in the function characters and a numeral of several digits that follow the address character. For example, word “G02” consists of address character “G’ and numeral “2”.

The function character means a character that can be used in the significant data area. For details of address character and function character codes, refer to Tables

1.10 and 1.11.

1-1o

1.1 FUNDAMENTALS OF PROGRAMM ING TERMINOLOGY

Table 1.10 Table of Address Characters

1——

Address

F G H

I J

‘t----- ‘–

L M IMiscellaneous function

Designation of angle for GO1 and Gill, Designation of thread angle for S76 Designation of spindle shift angle for multiple thread cutting operation

Designation of angle for multiple chamfering and rounding

IC-coordinate

Designation of depth and number of cuts for G71 to G76 . Designation of precision feed, Designation of precision lead in thread cu.ting Designation of ordinary feed, Designation of ordinary lead in thread cutting Preparatory function Incremental command of C-axis X-coordinate of center of arc, Canned cycle parameter data, Chamfer size (radius) B, O Y-coordinate of center of arc

Z-coordinate of center of arc, Canned cycle parameter data, Chamfer sizti

Increment/decrement amount in variable-lead thread cutting

INumber of repetitions

Description

——

—.

Iol

o B B B o

B, O

t----i

I B,O I IBI

Dwell time, Designation of the first sequence number of a canned cycle, Iprogram ~ o

X IX-coordinate IBI

Note: B: Basic. O: O~tion

number, and macro program number Designation of tbe first sequence number of a subprogram and the end sequence B o

number of a canned cycle Depth of cut in a hole-machining canned cycle Radius of an arc, Amount of rounding, Nose-R amount, Point R coordinate in a B o

hole-machining canned cycle Spindle function, Clamp spindle speed

Tool function, Tool coordinate memory number

Incremental command of X-axis, Dwell time, Canned cycle parameter B, O Incremental command of Y-axis o Incremental command of Z-axis, lCannedcycle parameter

IY-coordinate IZ-coordinate

1-11

—, — —.

‘H

1-.-d

B, O

I B,O I

IBI

.-...—.—

Table 1.11 Table of Function Characters

EIA code ISO code Description

EIA: Error if designated in the significant in-

Blank NUL

formation area

ISO: Disregarded

BS BS Disregarded

Tab

Disregarded

CR LF/NL End of block (EOF)

CR Disregarded

SP SP Space

LC 2-4-5 bits 2-4-7 bits

+ —

— —

(

)

Rewind stop tJpper case Lower case Control out (Comment start) Qrrrtrol in (Comment end) Disregarded, User macro operator Minus sign, User macro operator

o-9 0-9 Numerals

A-Z

Del

A-Z

Address characters C)ptionalblock skip

tJser macro operator

DEL Disregarded (includes all punched holes)

Decimal point

Parameter setting # Symbol of sharp (Variable)

[

$ $

@ @

? ‘/

[

Asterisk (Multiplication operator) Equal symbol L,eftbracket Right bracket For comment in macro program For comment in macro program For comment in macro program For comment in macro program

For comment in macro program

Remarks

EIA:

Special code

EIA:

Special code

Note

1: If a codenot indicatedaboveis designatedinthesignificantinformationarea,it causesanerror.

2: Informationdesignatedbetweenthecontroloutandcontrolincodesis regardedasinsignificantinformation.

3: Input code (EIA/fSO) is automatically recognized, and output code is determined by the setting for parameter

pmOO04

DO.

1-12

1.1 FUNDAMENTALS OF PROGRAMMI NG TERMINOLOGY

(d) Block

● A block consists of words to define a single step of operatio]l. One block ends

with the EOB (end of block) code. The EOB code is expressed by “CR’ in the EIA code system and “;LF/NL” in the 1S0 code system. In this manual, it is expressed by a semicolon “;” ple.

● Characters not indicated in Tables 1.10 “Table of Addrew Characters” and

1.11 “Table of Function Characters” must not be used.

● One block can contain up to 128 characters. Note that inval id chamcters such

as “Del” are not counted.

to make the explanation sim-

.—

~=,,e,) +--A

(a) Adding a character for TV check (an error occurs if an even number of characters is coI Itained in a block.)

; NO058G03X .-. Z . . .

3 E“””” F’”; ,___!

L—____— ‘essth”’129 –

Fig. 1,4 Block

(2) Comment Part

A comment can be displayed by using the contrcd out and control in

(a) Entering a comment in a program

It is possible to display a required comment on the screen by enclosing it with the control out and control in codes in a part program. The information enclosed by

these codes is regarded as insignificant information.

characters in a block

(b) Number of valid characters atlowed in a block

codes.

(b) Entering the control out and control in codes

The control out and control in codes can be entered in.the same manner as entering ordinary characters.

● “(’’:Press the [U] key after pressing the [SHIFT] key.

● “)’’:Press the [V] key after pressing the [SHIFT] key.

(Operation panel with 9-inch CRT)

,GQ

o—

Note 1: The characters that can be entered between the control out and control in codes are those that are entered by

2: It is not allowed to use tbe control out and control in codes in the area which are already enclosed by the control

Fig. 1.5 Characters that can be Entered between Control Out and Control

using the keys enclosed by dark line in Fig. 1.5.

out and control in codes.

In Codes (Keys Enclosed by Dark Line)

-“

Charactersthat

“(” (control out) and “)” (control in) codes

can be entered between

1-14

1.1 FUNDAMEN1-ALS OF PROGRAMMIIQG TERMINOLOGY 1—

RUNNING RUN

(TESTPROGRAM); GOO X1OO.Z1OO.; Go1 XO ZO F1O.;

(DRILLEND); ABSOLUTE

xl 200.000

Z1 2.000

TOOL: TOIO1 ACT : S1

FEED: F. 71rev

MEM

INCREMENT xl 0.000 Z1 0000

MAX : S1 5000 G67 G133 COM: S1 10MI G69

- p] co. . . . SETING

“EEJmn@zElL2iA

Emilmmniiiiiil

Fig. 1.6

Programmable Range (Input Format)

(3)

Program Execution Display Screen

012345

NooO18

G/MCODE

G151

G Go1 G80 G97 G199 G99 G127 G40 G125

G123M03

STP

LSK

This model of NC adopts the variable block format which complies with .lIS B6313. Programmable range of individual addresses is indicated in Table 1.12. The numbers

given in this table indicate the allowable maximum number of digits. An example of input format is given below.

x+53

3 digits to the right of a decimal point

5 digits in integer part

Sign

Address is X

This varies depending on the dimensioning system

(Metric or inch).

See Table 1.12.

Input data should be entered without a decimal point. If a decimall point is used, the entered value is treated in a different manner. Leading zeros and the’ ‘+” (plus) sign can

be omitted for all kinds of address data including sequence numbers. Note that, howev-

er, the “-” (minus) sign cannot be omitted.

Table 1.12 Input Formal

Address

Program number

Sequence number

G function

Linear axis

(x z, L K u,

Coordinate words

Feed per minute (mm/min) function

Feed per revolution and thread lead

S function

T function

M function

W, R, Q,~J)

Rotary axis

(c, H)

Dwell

Metric Output Inch Output

MetricInput Inch Input MetricInput Inch Input

05 05 N5 G3 G3

a+63

F60 or F63

F33 F34

T(2+2) T(2+2) T(3+3) T(3+3)

U (P) 63 U (P) 63

a+54 a+63 a+54 B, O

b+63 b+63 o

F52 or F54 F60 or F63 F52 or F54

F24 F33 F24 F26 F34 F26

S5 S5

M3 M3

N5 B

B: Basic

O: Option

B B B B B

B B

Program number designation

Sequence number designation

Number of repetitions

Designation of angle of line

Designation of multiple-thread angle

Note: The input format for “feed per minute” is set by using parameter pm2004 DO,

P5 P5

c! (P) 5

L9 L9

A (B) 33 A (B) 33

B3 B3

Q(P)5

B, O

0 o

1-16

1.1,6 Optional Blclck Skip (/1), (/2 to /9) *

If a block containing the slash code “/n (n=l to 9)” is executed with the external optional block skip switch corresponding to the designated number set ON, the commands in the block following the slash code to the end of block code are disregarded. The slash code “/n” can be designated at any position in a block.

Example:

/ 2 N 1234 GOOX1OO / 3 Z200;

If the “/2” switch is ON, the entire block is disregarded, and if “/3” switch is ON, this block indicates the following.

1.1 FUNDAMENTALS OF PROGRAMMING TERMINOLOGY

SUPPLE-

MENT

N 1234

“l” can be omitted for “/1”.

2. The optional block skip function is processed when a part program is read to the

buffer register from either the tape or memory. If the switch is set ON after the block containing the optional block skip code is read, the block is not skipped.

3. ~le optional block skip function is disregarded for program reacling (input) and

punch out (output) operation.

GOOX1OO;

. .-. .—.....-. .—

1-17

— ....-. -—.--.. --.. —”---------

~—... ,-. —

_.-. —- ——. — ——. —

1.1.7 Buffer Register and Multi-active Register

By using the buffer register and multi-active register, the NC ensures smooth control of the machine by reading the blocks of data into the buffer register.

(1)

Buffer Register

In normal operation, two blocks of data are buffered to calculate the offset and other data that are necessary for the succeeding operation.

In the nose R offset mode (option), two blocks of data (a maximum of four blocks of data, if necessary) are buffered to calculate the offset data that are necessary for the succeeding operation. In both of the normal operation mode and nose R offset mode, the data capacity of one block is amaximum of 128 characters, including the EOB code.

(2)

Multi-active Registers *

With a part program enclosed by M93 and M92, a maximum of seven blocks of data are buffered. If the time required for automatic operation of these seven buffered blocks is longer than the time required for the buffering and calculation of the offset data for the next seven blocks, the program can be executed continuously without a stop between blocks.

Table 1,13 M92 and M9:3 Codes

M92 Multi-active registers OFF

Function

Multi-activeregistersON

1.2 BASICS OF FEED FUNCTION

This section describes the feed function that specifies feedrate (distance per minute, distance per revolution) of a cutting tool.

1.2.1 Rapid Traverse

1.2 BASICS CIF FEED FUNCTION

SUPPLEMENT

(ID

Rapid traverse is used for positioning (GOO)and manual rapid traverse (RAPID) operation. In the rapid traverse mode, each axis moves at the rapid traverse rate set for the individual

axes; the rapid traverse rate is determined. by the machine tool builder and :Setfor the individual axes by using parameters. Since the. axes move independently of each other, the axes reach the target point at different time. Therefore, the resultant tool paths are not a straight

line generally.

The rapic, traverse override function can adjust the set rapid traverse rate to Fo, 25%, 50%,

and 100%~where F. indicates a fixed feedrate set for parameter pm244’7.

1. Rapid traverse rate is set in the following units for the individual axes. Setting units of rapid traverse rate

2. The upper limit of the rapid traverse rate is 240,000 mm/min. Since the most appropriate value is set conforming to the machine capability, refer to the manuals published by the machine tool builder for the rapid traverse rate of your machine.

0.001 mm/min or

1 deg.lmin

1.2.2 Cutting Feed (F Command)

The feedrate at which a cutting tc)olshould be moved in the linear interpolation (GO1) mode or circular interpolation (G02, G03) mode is designated using address characters F and E. The axis feed mode to be used is selected by designating the feed function G code (G98 or G99) as indicated in Table 1.14. Select the required feed mode by designating the feed func-

tion G code before specifying an F and E code.

Table 1,14 Cutting Feecl Mode G Codes

G98

\ G99 IDesignation of feed per revolution (mm/rev) mode \ 10 I

Designation of feed per minute (mm/min) mode

! 1

Function

Group

See 1.2.3 “Switching between Feed per Minute Mode and Feed per Revolution Mode” for details of these G codes. F and IEcodes are modal and once designated they remain valid until another For E code is designated. If feed mode designation G codes are switched between G98 and G99, however, it is necessary to designate the F and E code again. If no new F and E codes are designated, alarm “0370” occurs. Note that it is not allowed to designate an E code in the G98 (feed per minute) mode. If an E code is designated in the G98 mode, alarm “0371” occurs.

————

.- ..— —. .— -—

1-20

1.2 BASICS OF FEED FUNCTION

(1) Feed per Revolution Mode (G99)

A feedrate of a cutting tool per revolution of the spindle (mm/rev, inch/rev) can be designated by a numeral specified following address character F or E.

Table 1.15 Programmable Range of F and E Commands

(Feed

perRevolutionMode)

Format

F33

mm input

mm output

inch input

mm input

inch output

inch input

I -

Note:!: Theallowablemaximumvalueforthe X-axisis1/2ofthe value indicatedin theta ble.

;!: The upper ]jmjt of feedrates could be re~tr-jcted

programmable feedrate range, refer to the manuals published by the machine tool builder.

The feedrate per revolution is further restricted as indicated in Table 1.16 due to spindle

speed S.

Table 1.16 Restrictions on F and E Commands by Spindle Speed

E34 F24 E26 F33 E34 F24 E26

FO.001.to F500.000 mm/rev EO.0001 to E500.0000 mm/rtv FO.0001 to F19.6850 inch/re’~ EO.000001 to E19.685000 inch/rev FO.001 to F1270.000 mm/re~ EO.0001 to E1270.0000 mm/rev FO.0001 to F50.0000 inch/re+~ EO.000001 to E50.00000 inch/rev

bytheservosystemand[hemechanical system. For the actual

Programmable

Range

+ 329 hidden pages

yaskawa J300L Programming Manual

CONTENTS

PROGRAMMING BASICS