Sony DFW-SX910, DFW-X710 User Manual
A-BVP-100-11 (1)
Color Digital Camera
Technical Manual
DFW-SX910/X710
2004 Sony Corporation
Table of Contents
Overview
Functions
Main Features ............................................................ 3
System Components................................................. 5
Connection Diagram ................................................. 6
Location of Parts and Operation.............................. 7
IIDC Standard Features ............................................. 8
Brightness .................................................................. 8
Auto Exposure ............................................................ 8
Sharpness .................................................................. 8
White Balance ............................................................ 8
Hue ............................................................................. 8
Saturation ................................................................... 8
Gamma....................................................................... 9
Shutter ........................................................................ 9
Gain .......................................................................... 10
Trigger Shutter.......................................................... 10
Pan/Tilt ..................................................................... 11
Optical Filter ............................................................. 11
Memory Channels .................................................... 11
Partial Scan .............................................................. 12
IIDC Extended Features .......................................... 13
Memory Shot ............................................................ 13
PAINT ....................................................................... 14
User Memory Area ................................................... 14
Non-IIDC Features ................................................... 14
1394 Bus Synchronization........................................ 14
Exposure Out ........................................................... 14
Control
Appendix
DFW-SX910/X710
Camera Command Status Register ....................... 15
Memory Map ............................................................ 15
ConfigROM ............................................................... 16
Control Base Address............................................. 18
Verifying Supported Video Modes ......................... 18
Video Mode Settings ............................................... 20
Starting/Stopping Video Transfer (Continuous Shot) ..
One Shot and Multi Shot ......................................... 20
Memory Channel Operation ................................... 21
Feature Controls (Complies with the IIDC Standard) .. 22
Feature Controls (IIDC Extended) .......................... 27
PAINT Control ........................................................... 28
Memory Shot Control ............................................... 28
User Memory Control ............................................... 28
Partial Scan Operations .......................................... 29
Notes on the Camera Operations .......................... 32
Timing Between External Trigger Signal and Video
Signal Output ........................................................ 34
Specifications .......................................................... 35
CCD Pixel Location (Top View)............................... 39
Spectral Sensitivity (Relative Response)
Parameters ............................................................ 40
Dimensions .............................................................. 41
20
2
Overview
Overview
The DFW-SX910 with its 1/2-type PS IT CCD, and the
DFW-X710 with its
resolution industrial-use digital video camera modules.
The IEEE1394–1995 digital interface realizes a
transfer speed of 400 Mbps and outputs SXGA (1280
× 960)/YUV (4:2:2)/7.5 fps with the DFW-SX910,
XGA (1024 × 768)/YUV (4:2:2)/15 fps with the DFWX710. In addition, the DFW-SX910/X710 also adopts
a primary color filter CCD to realize good color
reproducibility, as well as a square pixel CCD to
eliminate the need for aspect ratio conversion in the
image processor.
What is the IEEE1394?
The IEEE1394 is the standard serial bus for sending
and receiving digital data. It is prescribed as “IEEE*
Std. 1394-1995 IEEE Standard for a High Performance
Serial Bus.”
The most outstanding feature of this interface is that it
realizes transfer speeds of up to 400 Mbps and can
handle large image data size. The interface is also
capable of “Isochronous transmission” which transmits
data real-time, for up to 64 channels. Connectors can
be inserted and disconnected while the unit is turned
on, and no terminators and no ID settings such as those
necessary for the SCSI interface are required.
* The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
1
/3-type PS IT CCD are high-
Main Features
The DFW-SX910 video camera module
utilizes a 1/2-type PS IT CCD, and the DFWX710 utilizes a 1/3-type PS IT CCD
High-speed digital interface IEEE1394
The transmission speed is 400 Mbps. The DFWSX910 can output a digital image at 7.5 frames per
second; the DFW-X710 can output a digital image at
15 frames per second.
High-resolution
The DFW-SX910 (SXGA) has a high-resolution CCD
of 1.45 million pixels. The DFW-X710 (XGA) has a
high-resolution CCD of 800,000 pixels. Because the
CCDs are square pixel CCDs, you don’t need to
convert the aspect ratio in your image processing.
External trigger function
The external trigger shutter function allows the image
exposure to be coordinated with external equipment
and moving objects.
For exposure time, the unit is equipped with Trigger
Mode 0, which indicates the length of the exposure
using the shutter parameter, and Trigger Mode 1,
which controls exposure time by the width of the
trigger signal.
It is also able to utilize a software trigger initiated by a
command from a program running on a host computer.
DFW-SX910/X710
3
Partial scan output image format
You can select and output any rectangle part from a
full-size image. This allows you to efficiently capture
images at a faster frame rate.
C-mount
Non-compressed YUV4:1:1/ YUV4:2:2/
Mono8 (8 bits each)
Solid aluminum diecast chassis
Overview
DFW-SX910/X710
4
System Components
The DFW-SX910/X710 Video Camera Module system
comprises the following components.
Video Camera Module
DFW-SX910/X710
IEEE1394 Cable
(6-pin, 4.5 m)
Overview
C-mount Lens
J6 × 11 MACRO (Canon)
25MM HD LENS VF2509 (Canon)
Host Adapter Card
(Commercially available)
DFW-SX910/X710
5
Connection Diagram
Overview
C-mount Lens
Recommended Lens:
J6 × 11 MACRO (Canon)
25MM HD LENS VF2509
(Canon)
DFW-SX910/X710
IEEE1394 Cable
Host Adapter Card
Host Equipment (PC, etc.)
DFW-SX910/X710
6
Location of Parts and Operation
Rear PanelFront/Top/Bottom
Overview
2
3
2
1 Lens mount (C-mount)
Attach any C-mount lens or other optical equipment.
Note
The lens must not project more than 7 mm (9/32 inch)
from the lens mount.
1 Lens mount face 2 7 mm (
2 Flange back hole
Adjust the flange back by adjusting the screw at the
bottom of this hole.
3 Pilot lamp
This lamp indicates the camera module operation
states:
OFF: Camera power OFF
Green: Camera power ON/Video signal output OFF
Orange: Camera power ON/Video signal output ON
1
4
1
9
/32 inch) or less
5
6
5 TRIG IN/Exposure OUT connector
Connect the trigger signal generator (trigger output
connector) to this connector.
When trigger is OFF, or software trigger is ON, a
signal that indicates the exposure time is output from
pin 1 of the camera.
For details on the exposure out, see “Exposure Out”
(page 14).
6 CAMERA connector
Connect the IEEE1394 camera cable (supplied) to this
connector.
4 Tripod hole
Install a tripod into this hole.
DFW-SX910/X710
7
Functions
Functions
IIDC Standard Features
Following features are defined by the IIDC standard,
v1.30. Only the Trigger feature is defined by the IIDC
standard, v1.31.
Brightness
This feature makes fine adjustment of the black level
possible.
Auto Exposure
This feature automatically adjusts the gain and shutter
settings, based on the brightness of the subject. To use
this feature, set the camera features and the video
format/mode as follows. This feature may not function
properly in any other settings.
Standard settings
DFW-SX910 Video Format: 2
Video Mode: 0
Frame Rate: 7.5 fps
Trigger: OFF
DFW-X710 Video Format: 1
Video Mode: 3
Frame Rate: 15 fps
Trigger: OFF
White Balance
This feature adjusts the color balance of the camera to
ensure that a white subject appears white in the video
image. Both manual and automatic settings are
available.
There are two automatic white balance modes; Auto
White Balance and One Push White Balance.
In the Auto White Balance mode, the camera senses
any change in lighting and automatically adjusts White
Balance accordingly. In the One Push White Balance
mode, the White Balance is adjusted automatically
once and fixed until you perform the adjustment again.
The camera’s internal circuits integrate the image data
within a defined area, using an algorithm that
approximates the average value to white. Because of
this algorithm, depending on the lighting environment,
a white subject may appear other than white in the
Auto White Balance mode.
We recommend that you shoot a white subject so that
white fills the entire screen in the specified lighting
environment and then perform the One Push White
Balance adjustment. When the calculation is
completed, the White Balance in this lighting
environment is adjusted.
The range of operation of each mode is as follows.
Manual : 2400 to 10000 K or more
Auto/One Push Auto: 2400 to 10000 K or more
Additionally, the camera employs a feature which can
change the reference point of the White Balance. For
details, see “PAINT” on page 14.
Sharpness
The picture can be adjusted using eight levels of
sharpness.
DFW-SX910/X710
Hue
This feature adjusts color tones.
Saturation
This feature adjusts color intensity.
8
Functions
Gamma
Used for setting gamma compensation to OFF, ON (1),
or ON (2).
OFF : Outputs CCD signals for image processing
linearly.
ON (1) : For obtaining natural gradation taking into
account the characteristics of the monitor.
ON (2) : For obtaining three-dimensional images with
a subject that has a small luminance dynamic
range.
Gamma ON (2)
Gamma ON (1)
Output
Concept of Gamma Characteristics
Gamma OFF
Input
Setting examples
3 (003h) : 14
32 (020h) : 1.005 ms (1/1000)
100 (064h) : 10.005 ms (1/100)
1000 (3E8h) : 1 s
1010 (3F2h) : 2 s
1150 (47Eh) : 16 s
16 s
1 s
10 µs
3 1000
1
µ
s (1/100000)
2
1150
Shutter
This feature sets exposure time. Both manual and
automatic settings are available.
When the automatic setting is selected, Shutter is
adjusted automatically, based on the brightness of the
subject.
At this time, the reference level (target point) of the
brightness is set in the Auto Exposure register.
With manual setting, the camera uses relative control
values indicated by a 12-bit integer and absolute
control values indicated using a 32-bit floating point
number.
Relative control values for Shutter
The relationship between the parameter and the
exposure time is given by the following formulas.
Where
P = Parameter (003h ~ 47Eh)
E = Exposure time (s)
P >= 3 ~ P <= 1000
E = + 0.000005
1000000
P > 1000 ~ P <= 1150
E = (P – 1000)*0.1 + 1.000005
P
2
1
2
For details on Auto Exposure, see page 8.
For long exposure times
When exposure times longer than the currently set
frame rate cycle are set, the camera enters the long
exposure time mode, and the actual frame rate is
slowed in accordance with the exposure time.
Absolute control values for Shutter
Control of exposure time using absolute values is
possible. The values are indicated using a 32-bit
floating point value. (Unit: sec.)
The control steps are synchronized with the pixel
clock, and as the pixel clock is 15.25 MHz, one step is
approximately 65.6 ns.
The range for these values extends from
10 microseconds to 17.5 seconds.
Programming example;
union {
DWORD dwValue; // 1394 is expressed in quadlets,
float fValue; //
} AbsoluteShutterValue;
AbsoluteShutterValue.fValue = Exposure time;
WriteQuad(AbsoluteShutterOffsetAddress,
AbsoluteShutterValue.dwValue);
WriteQuad is a virtual function used to write in the
1394 register.
exposure time is indicated in seconds.
DFW-SX910/X710
9
Functions
AbsoluteShutterOffsetAddress is an offset address for
the absolute value control. See page 26 for the formula
for the offset address.
The change in shutter time will be used when the next
exposure starts. The current exposure will complete
with the previous shutter setting. This is true for all
exposure; short or long. If you intend to reflect the
new setting immediately, stop the output and start it
again.
Gain
This feature adjusts the brightness of the picture. Both
manual and automatic settings are available. The
variable range extends from 0 to 18 dB.
When automatic setting is selected, Gain is adjusted
automatically, based on the brightness of the subject.
At this time, the reference level (target point) of the
brightness is set in the Auto Exposure register.
For details on Auto Exposure, see page 8.
70 to 511 Gain = 20log10([658+code]/[658–code])– 0.35
512 to 551 Gain =(0.0354)(code)– 0.35
Trigger Shutter
This feature allows you to control the exposure timing
via a external signal input (Hardware Trigger) or via a
command sent from application software (Software
Trigger). There are two trigger modes:
– Trigger Mode 0 where the exposure time is
controlled by the shutter parameter
– Trigger Mode 1 where the exposure time is
controlled by the trigger pulse width.
In both modes, the leading edge of the hardware
trigger starts the exposure. In Trigger Mode 0, the
maximum exposure is limited by the shutter parameter.
In Trigger Mode 1, there is no limit to the exposure
time.
Software Trigger is defined by IIDC Standard, v1.31.
Trigger Mode 0
Input signal
Trigger width: 10 µs or wider
4.0 to 5.0 Vp-p
20.00
18.00
16.00
14.00
12.00
10.00
8.00
6.00
4.00
2.00
0.00
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
Exposure time
Set the exposure time using
the Shutter feature.
Trigger Mode 1
Input signal
Exposure time
Set the exposure time using the
width of the trigger signal pulse.
• Input impedance: 10 kΩ
It is possible to trigger the cameras at full frame rate
using hardware trigger. (This was not possible with
the earlier DFW-SX900/X700 because the trigger in
would not be accepted until after the previous images
was output from the camera.) It is very important that
the exposure not end before the previous image is out
of the cameras. If the camera is trigger too fast or
there is noise on the trigger line that will cause the
exposure to end before previous image is output, you
will get double exposure of the image.
DFW-SX910/X710
10
Functions
Pan/Tilt
Pan/Tilt is a feature to move a region of interest (ROI)
image (smaller than the full image) vertically and
horizontally about the full image of the camera. When
the ROI image is defined (use the video mode setup),
the ROI is centered in the full image.
Optical Filter
Normally, Optical Filter is the feature which switches
electronic optical filters, such as an ND filter or a color
conversion filter. However, on this camera, the feature
chooses the preset values of White Balance. If 0 is set,
White Balance for 3200 K is utilized. If 1 is set, White
Balance for 5600 K is utilized.
This feature is effective when the color temperature of
the shooting environment is 3200 K or 5600 K.
Memory Channels
Using the CameraInitialize command, the setting
information stored in the channels is cleared and the
camera features and the video mode are reset to their
initial values. To preserve the information in the
channels, be sure not to send the CameraInitialize
command while driver software or application
software is starting up.
The value saved for Pan/Tilt is initialized when the
video mode is changed. To preserve the value, be sure
not to change the video mode while driver software or
application software is starting up, or before sending
the video start command.
The camera is equipped with two channels of
nonvolatile memory to hold camera settings. The
settings of all camera features and the video mode can
be stored. The camera memorizes the channel most
recently used to read out the setting information, and
retains it, even if the power is turned off. Therefore,
the camera loads the information from that channel
when the power is turned on.
The video mode settings are loaded only when the
power is turned on.
To start up the camera with the desired setting,
perform the following procedure.
1 Make changes to the camera features or the video
mode settings.
2 Store the current setting in Memory Channel 1 or
Memory Channel 2.
3 Load the information that was stored in step 2.
When you start up the camera the next time, the
settings that you have just made will be loaded
automatically.
DFW-SX910/X710
11
Partial Scan
The Partial Scan feature for outputting a small part of
the full image called a Region of Interest (ROI). The
ROI can be defined as any single contiguous rectangle
that can be drawn on an even 16×16 grid of the whole
image. The Unit Cell is the smallest region of interest
that can be defined as is one of the rectangles on the
even 16×16 grid.
DFW-SX910 unit cell = 80×60 pixels
DFW-X710 unit cell = 64×48 pixels
Functions
Cutting by Partial Scan mode
Vertical (Vertical Direction)
Horizontal (Horizontal Direction)
The frame rate of the camera can be increased by
reducing the number of vertical lines output. In Partial
Scan mode, the frame rate is determined by the
exposure/shutter time plus the time to transmit the
image. In free run mode, the exposure starts after the
last image is transmitted. In triggered mode, the
exposure can be overlapped with the image output but
care must be taken to ensure that the exposure end
does not occur before the ouput of the previous image.
To use the Partial Scan feature, set Format7, Mode0.
In Partial Scan mode, you can select from among
Mono8, YUV4:1:1, and YUV4:2:2 as the color coding.
DFW-SX910/X710
12
IIDC Extended Features
Following are vender-unique features, which are not
defined by the IIDC standard.
Memory Shot
Memory Shot allows the camera to collect one or more
images into on-board image memory without tying up
available 1394 bus bandwidth. Normally, a 1394 IIDC
camera transmits a new image immediately after the
acquisition so the 1394 bus bandwidth is pre-allocated
to the camera to ensure deterministic performance.
1394 bus bandwidth is allocated based on resolution
and frame rate assigned. Multiple camera
configurations frequently demand more bandwidth (or
more ISO channels) than available on a single 1394
bus. The user can either reduce the bandwidth
required by each cameras by reducing the frame rate or
resolution or increase available bandwidth by adding
more 1394 busses on one or more computers. Memory
Shot offers another alternative to managing the 1394
bus bandwidth in multiple camera configurations. This
Functions
is especially useful in hardware triggered
environments. Multiple cameras can be setup to
acquire one or more images simultaneously without
consuming any 1394 bus bandwidth. The applications
software can setup the multiple cameras on a single
1394 bus on one computer for Memory Shot
acquisition, query the camera to verify that the
image(s) are in the camera on-board memory, and tell
each camera to transmit its stored image(s). These
cameras have 128 Mbit of frame memory.
It can hold:
1280×960 at YUV4:2:2 is 6 images
1280×960 at YUV4:1:1 is 9 images
1280×960 at MONO8 is 13 images
The number of images (N) that can be holded is
defined by the image size and color coding.
N = 16 * 1024 * 1024 (byte) / ( W * H * K )
W: image width (pixels)
H: image hight (pixels)
K: coefficient of color coding
K color coding
1 Mono8/Raw8
1.5 YUV4:1:1
2 YUV4:2:2
Acquisition
phase
Transmission
phase
Trigger input
1394 1394 1394 1394
Conventional system
1394
Power repeater
Trigger input
Images input
from CCD
image 1 image 2 image 3
128 Mbit
frame memory
image 1 image 2 image 3
You can specify the timing of the
transmission of the stored images.
DFW-SX910/X710
Images output to
1394 bus
13
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