The radio part realizes the conversion of the GMSK-HF-signals from the antenna to the
base-band and vice versa.
In the receiving direction, the signals are split in the I- and Q-component and led to the D/Aconverter of the logic part. In the transmission direction, the GMSK-signal is generated in an
Up Conversion Modulation Phase Locked Loop by modulation of the I- and Q-signals which
were generated in the logic part. After that the signals are amplified in the power amplifier.
Transmitter and Receiver are never active at the same time. Simultaneous receiving in two
bands is impossible. Simultaneous transmission in two bands is impossible, too. However
the monitoring band (monitoring timeslot) in the TDMA-frame can be chosen independently
of the receiving respectively the transmitting band (RX- and TX timeslot of the band).
The RF-part of the C65, CX65 and M65 are dimensioned for triple band operation
(EGSM900, GSM1800, GSM1900) supporting GPRS functionality up to multiclass 10.
The RF-circuit consists of the following components:
• Hitachi Bright VE chip set with the following functionality:
o PLL for local oscillator LO1 and LO2 and TxVCO
o Integrated local oscillators LO1, LO2 (without loop filter)
o Integrated TxVCO (without loop filter and core inductors for GSM)
o Direct conversion receiver including LNA, DC-mixer, channel filtering and PGC-
amplifier
o Active part of 26 MHz reference oscillator
• Hitachi LTCC transmitter power amplifier with integrated power control circuitry
• Hitachi Frontend-Module including RX-/TX-switch and EGSM900 / GSM1800 / GSM
1900 receiver SAW-filters
Quartz and passive circuitry of the 26MHz VCXO reference oscillator.
Service Repair Documentation
Level 2.5e – HIT – C65, CX65 and M65
The voltage regulator for the RF-part is located inside the ASIC D1300.(see chapter 5.2).It
generates the required 2,85V “RF-Voltage” named VDD_RF1(VDD_BRIGHT).The voltage regulator
is activated as well as deactivated via VCXOEN_UC
The temporary deactivation is used to extend the stand by time.
Circuit diagram
(Functional F23)provided by the SGOLDLITE+.
VDD_RF1
4.3 Frequency generation
4.3.1 Synthesizer: The discrete VCXO (26MHz)
The C65, CX65 and M65 mobile is using a reference frequency of 26MHz. The generation of the
26MHz signal is done via a VCXO. This oscillator consists mainly of:
A 26MHz VCXO Z3961
A capacity diode V3961
TP (test point) of the 26MHz signal is the TP 3920
The oscillator output signal 26MHz_RF is directly connected to the BRIGHT IC (pin 35) to be used
as reference frequency inside the Bright (PLL). The signal leaves the Bright IC as RF_SIN26M (pin
31) to be further used from the SGOLDLITE+ (D171
(Functional AE15)).
Bright In
Service Repair Documentation
Level 2.5e – HIT – C65, CX65 and M65
To compensate frequency drifts (e.g. caused by temperature) the oscillator frequency is controlled
by a (RF_AFC) signal, generated through the internal SGOLDLITE+ (D171
the capacity diode V3961. Reference for the “SGOLDLITE-PLL” is the base station frequency
received via the Frequency Correction Burst. To compensate a temperature caused frequency drift,
the temperature-depending resistor R3967 is placed near the VCXO to measure the temperature.
The measurement result TVCXO is reported to the SGOLDLITE+
(Analog Interface M25) via R3967.
Waveform of the AFC_PNM signal from SGOLDLITE+ to Oscillator
Signalform
SGOLDLITE+
1
2
FC
1
R3966
FC_PNM
C3966
GND
2
R3965
GND
R3964
C3965
(Functional A9)) PLL via
3
3
R3963
GND
4.3.2 Synthesizer: RFVCO(LO1)
The first local oscillator (LO1) consists of a PLL and VCO inside Bright (N3921) and an
external loop filter The first local oscillator is needed to generate frequencies which enable
the transceiver IC to demodulate the receiver signal and to perform the channel selection in
the TX part. To do so, a control voltage for the LO1 is used, gained by a comparator. This
control voltage is a result of the comparison of the divided LO1 and the 26MHz reference
Signal. The division ratio of the dividers is programmed by the SGOLDLITE+, according to
the network channel requirements.
RF VCO
OUT
3476 - 3980
external
Loopfilter
Bright V
MHz
RF PLL
CP
+
PFD
D
1
R
1
26MHz
3 wire bus
from EGOLD
Page 8 of 40
Service Repair Documentation
Level 2.5e – HIT – C65, CX65 and M65
The second local oscillator (LO2) consists of a PLL and a VCO which are integrated in
Bright and a second order loopfilter which is realized external (R3927; C3940; C3948). Due
to the direct conversion receiver architecture, the LO2 is only used for transmit-operation.
The LO2 covers a frequency range of at least 16 MHz (640MHz – 656MHz).
Before the LO2-signal gets to the modulator it is divided by 8. So the resulting TX-IF
frequencies are 80/82 MHz (dependent on the channel and band). The LO2 PLL and powerup of the VCO is controlled via the tree-wire-bus of Bright (SGOLDLITE+ signals RFDATA;
RFCLK; RFSTR). To ensure the frequency stability, the 640MHz VCO signal is compared
by the phase detector of the 2
signal passes the external loop filter and is used to control the 640/656MHz VCO.
640 - 656 MHz
external
Loopfilter
Bright V
nd
PLL with the 26Mhz reference signal. The resulting control
IF VCO
OUT
IF PLL
CP
+
1
R
1
3 wire bus
D
PFD
from EGOLD
Service Repair Documentation
Level 2.5e – HIT – C65, CX65 and M65
The frequency-step is 400 kHz in GSM1800/GSM1900 mode and 800kHz in EGSM900
mode due to the internal divider by two for GSM1800/GSM19000 and divider by four for
EGSM900. To achieve the required settling-time in GPRS operation, the PLL can operate in
fastlock-mode a certain period after programming to ensure a fast settling. After this the
loopfilter and currents are switched into normal-mode to get the necessary phasenoiseperformance. The PLL is controlled via the tree-wire-bus of Bright.
4.4 Antenna switch (electrical/mechanical)
Internal/External <> Receiver/Transmitter
The mobile have two antenna switches.
a) The mechanical antenna switch for the differentiation between the internal and
external antenna, which is used only RF adjustment.
b) The electrical antenna switch, for the differentiation between the receiving and
transmitting signals.
To activate the correct settings of this diplexer, the SGOLDLITE+ signals RF_SW
and TXON_GSM are required
External Antenna
ntenna
to / from FEM
Internal antenna
Service Repair Documentation
Level 2.5e – HIT – C65, CX65 and M65
The band filters are located inside the frontend module (N3901). The filters are centred to
the band frequencies. The symmetrical filter output is matched to the LNA input of the Bright
(N3921).The Bright VE incorporates three RF LNAs for GSM850/EGSM900, GSM1800 and
GSM1900 operation. The LNA/mixer can be switched in High- and Low-mode to perform an
amplification of ~ 20dB. For the “High Gain“ state the mixers are optimised to conversion
gain and noise figure, in the “Low Gain“ state the mixers are optimised to large-signal
behaviour for operation at a high input level. The Bright performs a direct conversion mixers
which are IQ-demodulators. For the demodulation of the received GSM signals the LO1 is
required. The channel depending LO1 frequencies for 1800MHz/1900MHz bands are
divided by 2 and by 4 for 850MHG/900MHz band. Furthermore the IC includes a
programmable gain baseband amplifier PGA (90 dB range, 2dB steps) with automatic DCoffset calibration. LNA and PGA are controlled via SGOLDLITE+ signals RFDATA; RFCLK;
RFSTR(RF_Ctrl C8, B10, B12). The channel-filtering is realized inside the chip with a three stage
baseband filter for both IQ chains. Only two capacitors which are part of the first passive
RC-filters are external. The second and third filters are active filters and are fully integrated.
The IQ receive signals are fed into the A/D converters in the EGAIM part of SGOLDLITE+.
The post-switched logic measures the level of the demodulated baseband signal and
regulates the level to a defined value by varying the PGA amplification and switching the
appropriate LNA gains.
From the antenna switch, up to the demodulator the received signal passes the following
blocks to get the demodulated baseband signals for the SGOLDLITE+:
Filter
N3901 Bright(N3921)
LNA
Demodulator
PGC
Service Repair Documentation
Level 2.5e – HIT – C65, CX65 and M65
Page 12 of 40
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