LG LS-C1260HD, LS-C1120CM, LS-C1420CM, LS-C1420CN, LS-C1260CD Service Manual

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Room Air Conditioner

SERVICE MANUAL

MODEL : LS-B0760CM/B0760HM

LS-B0960CM/B0960HM

LS-B0962CM/B0962HM

LS-B0962CD/B0962HD

LS-B0960CD/B0960HD

LS-C1260CM/C1260HM

LS-C1260CD/C1260HD

LS-C1120CM/C1420CM

LS-C1420CN

CAUTION

BEFORE SERVICING THE UNIT,

READ THE "SAFETY PRECAUTIONS" IN THIS MANUAL.

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Contents

Functions...................................................................................................................................... 3 Product Specifications (Cooling Only) ...................................................................................... 5 Product Specifications (Cooling & Heating).............................................................................. 6 Dimensions................................................................................................................................... 7 Maximum Length of Pipe and Freon Extra Charge................................................................... 9 Refrigeration Cycle Diagram..................................................................................................... 10 Wiring Diagram .......................................................................................................................... 11 Operation Details ....................................................................................................................... 13 Display Function ........................................................................................................................ 20 Self-diagnosis Function ............................................................................................................ 20 Installation .................................................................................................................................. 21 Operation .................................................................................................................................... 39 Disassembly of the parts(Indoor Unit) ..................................................................................... 41 2-way, 3-way Valve ..................................................................................................................... 44 Cycle Troubleshooting Guide ................................................................................................... 51 Electronic Parts Troubleshooting Guide.................................................................................. 52 Electronic Control Device ......................................................................................................... 56 Schematic Diagram.................................................................................................................... 59 Exploded View & Replacement Parts List ............................................................................... 61

- 2 -

Functions

Indoor Unit

Operation ON/OFF by Remote controller

Sensing the Room Temperature

• Room temperature sensor(THERMISTOR).

Room temperature control

•Maintains the room temperature in accordance with the Setting Temp.

Starting Current Control

•Indoor fan is delayed for 5 seconds at the starting.

Time Delay Safety Control

• Restarting is inhibited for approx. 3 minutes.

Indoor Fan Speed Control

• High, Med, Low, Chaos or Auto

Operation indication Lamps (LED)

--- Lights up in Operation

--- Lights up in Sleep Mode

--- Lights up in Timer Mode

--- Lights up in Deice Mode or Hot Start Mode (only Heating Model)

OUT

DOOR --- Lights during in compressor running (for Cooling Model)

Soft Dry Operation Mode

• Intermittent operation of fan at low speed

Sleep Mode Auto Control

•The fan is switched to low(Cooling), med(Heating) speed.

•The unit will be stopped after 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 hours.

Auto Air Control by CHAOS Logic

•The fan is switched to intermittent or irregular operation.

•The fan speed is automatically switched from high to low speed.

Airflow Direction Control

•The louver can be set at the desired position or swing up and down, right and left (not on all models) automatically.

AUTO Wind

• The fan speed is automatically switched from high to low speed.

Deice(defrost) control(Heating)

•Both the indoor and outdoor fan stops during deicing.

•Hot start after deice ends.

Hot-start Control(Heating)

•The indoor fan stops until the evaporator piping temperature will be reached at 28°C.

- 3 -

Remote Controller

Operation ON/OFF

Operation Mode Selection

Cooling Operation Mode (	)	Auto Operation Mode (	)
Soft Dry Operation Mode (	)	Heating Operation Mode (	)
(Cooling model only) (Heatling model only)

Fan Speed Selection

(Low) (Med)

Room, Temperature Display

	: High: 39°C			LOW : 11°C
Temperature Setting
TEMPERATURE	LOW	HIGH	Cooling	Down to 18°C
				Up to 30°C,

Setting the Time or timer

Timer Selection

(High)	(AUTO WIND)
	(CHAOS)

Down to 16°C

Heating

Up to 30°C,

: OFF, ON, OFF ON

Timer Setting

Timer Cancel

: Cancel Sleep Mode, Timer ON or Timer OFF

Sleep Operation

: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, Off Timer

Airflow Direction Control

Fan Operation Mode

: Fan Operates without cooling or heating.

Reset

- 4 -

Product Specifications (Cooling Only)

		Model Name		LS-B0760CM	LS-B0960CD LS-B0962CD		LS-C1120CM	LS-C1260CD LS-C1420CM
	Item	Unit			LS-B0960CM LS-B0962CM			LS-C1260CM	LS-C1420CN
	Cooling Capacity		BTU/h(kcal/h)	7,300(1,840)	8,700(2,190)	8,700(2,190)	11,000(2,770)	12,000(3,020)	14,000(3,528)
	Moisture Removal		ℓ/h	1.0	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.7	1.7
	Power Source		Ø, V, Hz	1Ø, 220-240V, 50Hz			1Ø, 220V~,60Hz	1Ø, 220-240V,50Hz	1Ø, 220V~,60Hz
	Air Circulation	Indoor	m3/min	4.85	5.3	5.3	8.5	10.2	9.5
		Outdoor		25	25	25	25	25	25
	Noise Level	Indoor	dB(A)	36±3	39±3	38±3	39±3	41±3	41±3
		Outdoor		47±3	49±3	49±3	49±3	50±3	50±3
	Input		W	755	920	920	1,050	1,140	1,270
	Runnig Current		A	3.2	4.0	4.0	4.9	5.0	5.9
	E.E.R.		BTU/h-W	9.7	9.5	9.5	10.5	10.5	11
	Motor Output	Indoor	W	7	10	10	10	15	15
		Outdoor		25	25	25	25	25	25
	Dimensions	Indoor	mm	810 x 220.5 x 152			900 x 290 x 183
	(W x H x D)	Outdoor		660 x 540 x 260			801 x 555 x 262
	Net. Weight	Indoor	kg	6.5	6.5	6.5	10	10	10
		Outdoor		27	27	27	33	33	35
	Refrigerant(R-22)		g	540	670	690	1,080	840	980
	Airflow Direction Control (Up & Down)			O	O	O	O	O	O
	Remocon type					L.C.D Wireless
	Service valve		Liquid	1/4"(6.35)			1/4"(6.35)
			Gas	3 /8"(9.52)		3/8"(9.52)		1/2"(12.7)
	Sleeping Operation			O	O	O	O	O	O
	Drain Hose			O		O	O	O	O
	Connecting Cable					1.0mm2
	Power Cord					1.0mm2

- 5 -

Product Specifications (Cooling & Heating)

		Model Name		LS-B0760HM		LS-B0960HD	LS-B0962HD	LS-C1260HD
	Item	Unit				LS-B0960HM	LS-B0962HM	LS-C1260HM
	Cooling Capacity		BTU/h(kcal/h)	7,000(1,764)		8,500(2,142)	8,500(2,142)	12,000(3,020)
	Heating Capacity			7,500(1,890)		9,500(2,394)	9,500(2,394)	12,500(3,150)
	Moisture Removal		ℓ/h	1.0		1.2	1.2	1.7
	Power Source		Ø, V, Hz			1Ø, 220-240V, 50Hz
	Air Circulation		m3/min	Indoor	4.85	5.3	5.6	10.2
				Outdoor	25	25	25	25
	Noise Level		dB(A)	Indoor	36±3	39±3	40±1	41±3
				Outdoor	47±3	49±3	50±1	51±3
	Input	Cooling	W	760		940	895	1,250
		Heating		780		1,030	950	1,100
	Runnig Current	Cooling	A	3.2		4.1	3.8	5.5
		Heating		3.3		4.4	4.1	4.8
	E.E.R.	Cooling	BTU/h·W	9.2		9.0	9.5	9.6
	C.O.P	Heating	W/W	2.82		2.7	2.76	3.3
	Motor Output		W	Indoor	7	10	10	15
				Outdoor	25	25	25	25
	Dimensions		mm	Indoor		810 x 220.5 x 152		900 x 290 x 183
	(W x H x D)			Outdoor		660 x 540 x 260		810 x 555 x 262
	Net. weight		kg	Indoor	6.5	6.5	6.5	10
				Outdoor	30	30	30	35
	Refrigerant(R-22)		g	590		690	720	810
	Airflow Direction Control (Up & Down)			O		O	O	O
	Remocon Type					L.C.D Wireless
	Service Valve			Liquid		1/4"(6.35)
				Gas		3/8"(9.52)		1/2"(12.7)
	Sleeping Operation			O		O	O	O
	Drain Hose			O		O	O	O
	Connecting Cable					1.0mm2
	Power Cord					1.0mm2

- 6 -

Dimensions

(1) Indoor Unit

(7K, 9K)	(11K, 12K, 14K)
D	D

H H

Tubing hole cover	Tubing hole cover
Tubing hole cover	50
	Tubing hole cover

Hole for piping

Installation plate

2cm

Installation plate

4.5cm

8cm

4cm

Hole for piping

	MODEL	7K, 9K BTU	11K, 12K, 14K BTU
DIM		Series	Series
W	mm	810	900
H	mm	220.5	290
D	mm	152	183

- 7 -

(2) Oudoor Unit (7K, 9K, 11K, 12K, 14K)

W

D

L1

L2

H

L3

L10

				L9
L4	L6	L5	L7	L8

Liquid side 2-way valve

Gas side 3-way valve

	MODEL	7K, 9K, 11K BTU Series	12K, 14K BTU Series
DIM
W	mm	660	801
H	mm	540	555
D	mm	260	262
L1	mm	297	339
L2	mm	18.5	37
L3	mm	523	543.6
L4	mm	17	11.4
L5	mm	447	591
L6	mm	76.5	105
L7	mm	76.5	105
L8	mm	66	72.5
L9	mm	82	86.4
L10	mm	77	77

- 8 -

Maximum Length of Pipe and Freon Extra Charge

Charge amount per 1m

Capacity	STANDARD			MAXIMUM LENGTH		Charge amount (g)
(Btu/h)	LENGTH(m)					per 1m
			A		B
~7000	4		7		15	20
~9000	4		7		15	20
~12000	4		7		15	20
~18000	5		15		30(25)	40
~24000	5		15		25	40

Indoor unit

Oil trap

Outdoor unit

*A, B mean indoor unit higher located than outdoor unit

*Capicity is based on standard length and maximum allowance length is the basis of reliability.

*Oil trap should be installed per 10 meters.

* Numerical value in "( )" is for Rotary Comp. model.

- 9 -

Refrigeration Cycle Diagram

INDOOR UNIT		OUTDOOR UNIT
	LIQUID SIDE	CAPILLARY TUBE
	2-WAY VALVE

HEAT
		HEAT
EXCHANGE
		EXCHANGE
(EVAPORATOR)
		(CONDENSER)

	GAS SIDE
	3-WAY VALVE	ACCUMU-	REVERSING
		LATOR	VALVE
		COMPRESSOR	COOLING
			HEATING

- 10 -

Wiring Diagram

(1) 7K, 9K, 11K, 12K, 14K BTU Cooling Only

1. Indoor Unit	(7K, 9K, 12K)
(11K, 14K)

POWER			TRANS		FORCED
					OPERATION
			FORMER		SWITCH
	GN/YL		CN-TRANS
			FAN-CN
1(L) 2(N)
					N
		BL	RY-L
		OR	RY-M
MOTOR		BR
		YL	RY-H		CN-TH
SH-CAPA 1						THERMISTOR
			POWER-CN
BR BL
RD BR					UP/DOWN-CN
		2
			FUSE T2A			STEP
			4	3		MOTOR
			RY-COMP
					MAIN PCB
	GN/YN				ASM
YL BL					CN-DISP
1(L) 2(N)		PILLAR			DISPLAY PCB ASM
	TERMINAL

INDOOR WIRING DIAGRAM

TO OUTDOOR UNIT

TRANS	FORCED
	OPERATION
FORMER	SWITCH

THERMISTOR

MAIN PCB

ASM

PILLAR

TERMINAL

DISPLAY PCB ASM

INDOOR WIRING DIAGRAM

2. Outdoor Unit

COMP

FAN

MOTOR

PILLAR

TERMINAL

TO INDOOR UNIT

OUTDOOR WIRING DIAGRAM

- 11 -

(2) 7K, 9K, 12K BTU Cooling & Heating

1. Indoor Unit

POWER

	TRANS	FORCED
		OPERATION
	FORMER
		SWITCH

CN-TRANS

CN-FAN

CN-TH

THERMISTOR

	UP/DOWNCN-	STEP
		MOTOR
RY-COMP
CN-4WAY
RY-4WAY	MAIN PCB
	ASM
RY-FAN	CN-DISP

PILLAR TERMINAL

DISPLAY PCB ASM

INDOOR WIRING DIAGRAM

TO OUTDOOR UNIT

2. Outdoor Unit

REVERSING VALVE

FAN MOTOR

PILLAR

TERMINAL

TO INDOOR UNIT

OUTDOOR WIRING DIAGRAM

- 12 -

Operation Details

(1) The function of main control

1. Time Delay Safety Control

•3min... The compressor is ceased for 3minutes to balance the pressure in the refrigeration cycle. (Protection of compressor)

•2sec... The indoor fan is ceased for 2sec. to prevent relay noise.

(Protection of fan relay and micro chip)

• 30sec... The 4-way valve is ceased for 30sec. to prevent the refrigerant-gas abnormal noise when the Heating operation is OFF or switched to the other operation mode.

2. Airflow Direction Control

•This function is to swing the louver up and down automatically and to set it at the desired position.

•The procedure is as the following.

1st ;Press the ON/OFF Button to operate the product.

2nd ;Press the Airflow Direction Control Button to swing the louver up and down automatically. 3rd ;Repress the Airflow Direction Control Button to set the louver as the desired position.

	Operating Mode		Louver Position
	Cooling	Start	2
		Auto. Swing	1 4
	Heating	Start	5
		Auto. Swing	3 6

3. Cooling Mode Operation

•When selecting the Cooling ( ) Mode Operation, the unit will operate according to the setting by the remote controller and the operation diagram is as following.

Intake Air temp.

COMP. ON

(SET TEMP.+0.5°C

COMP. OFF

(SET TEMP.-0.5°C

More than

More than

3 minutes

3 minutes

Selectig

Selecting

Selectin

INDOOR FAN SPEED

Low

Low

fan speed

fan speed

fan speed

OFF

ON

OFF

ON

ON

COMPRESSOR

4. Cooling or Heating Mode with Sleep Mode Auto Operation

•When selecting the Cooling( ) or the Heating( ) combined with the Sleep Mode Auto Operation( ), the operation diagram is as following.

-13 -

• Cooling Mode with the Sleep Mode

The setting temperature will be raised by 1°C 30minutes later and by 2°C 1 hour later.

The operation will be stopped after 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 hours.

		30 minutes			30 minutes
Intake Air temp.					1°C
COMP. ON				1°C
(SET TEMP. +0.5°C
COMP. OFF
(SET TEMP. -0.5°C		More than		More than
		3 minutes		3 minutes
INDOOR FAN SPEED	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low
COMPRESSOR	ON	OFF	ON	OFF	ON

• Heating Mode with the Sleep Mode.

The operation will be stopped after 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 hours.

SETTING TEMP. +3°C
(COMPRESSOR OFF)
SETTING TEMP.
(COMPRESSOR ON)
INDOOR FAN SPEED	Med.	Low or OFF	Med.	Low or OFF	Med.	Low or OFF
COMPRESSOR	ON	OFF	ON	OFF	ON	OFF

- 14 -

5.Auto Operation

•The operation procedure is as following.

Press Start/Stop Button

Select Auto Operation Mode

Check the Room temperature

Operation mode

Indoor fan speed

are automatically decided by Fuzzy rule.

Setting temperature

Intake-air

below 21°C

Over

~

below

Over 24°C

temperature

21°C

24°C

Operation Mode

Heating

Soft Dry

Cooling

If initial mode is decided, that mode is continued despite of the room temperature changing.

• Auto Operation for Cooling

Operation Condition

Intake-air Temperature

Setting Temperature

Fan Speed

Air DirectionControl

Over 26°C

25°C

Over 24°C~below 26°C

Intake air -1°C

When Auto Operation

Over 22°C~below 24°C

Intake air -0.5°C

initial start

Over 20°C~below 22°C

Intake air temperature

Controlled by

1/f rhythm

Fuzzy logic

below 20°C

20°C

Over 20°C~below 30°C

Fuzzy control

When Switch to Auto

below 20°C

20°C

Operation

over 30°C

30°C

Intake-Air temp.
Setting Temp. +0.5°C
(Compressor OFF)
Setting Temp. -0.5°C
(Compressor ON)
INDOOR FAN SPEED		Fuzzy Speed
COMPRESSOR	ON	OFF	ON	OFF
		- 15 -

■ Auto Operation for Soft Dry

The Setting temperature will be same that of the current intake-air temperature.

-Compressor ON temperature; Setting temperature +1°C

-Compressor OFF temperature; Setting temperature -0.5°C

■Auto Operation for Heating

Intake Air temp.	below 20°C	Over 20°C~below 21°C
Setting temp.	20°C	Intake air temperature +0.5°C

- 16 -

6.Heating Mode Operation

The unit will operate according to the setting by the remote controller and the operation diagram is shown as following.

For 9K, 12K Models

	Intake Air temp.
	Setting temp. +3°C
	(Compressor OFF)
					A	B			A
	Setting temp.
	(Compressor ON)			minimum		minimum		minimum
				10sec.		10sec.		10sec.
		Hot
		Start
	INDOOR FAN SPEED	OFF	Selecting	LOW	OFF	LOW	Selecting	LOW	OFF
			fan speed				fan speed
	COMPRESSOR		ON		OFF		ON		OFF

• A point; The indoor pipe temperature to be 35°C.

The indoor fan operates minimum 10sec. even if falls lower than 35°C.

• B point; The indoor pipe temperature to be 35°C.

The indoor fan operates minimum 10sec. even if falls lower than 35°C.

7. Hot-Start Control

•The indoor fan stops until the evaporator piping temperature will be reached at 28°C. (BY TEMPERATURE)

•The operation diagram is as following.

PIPE

TEMP 28°C

60 sec.

INDOOR

SELECTING

OFF

LOW

FAN SPEED

FAN SPEED

COMPRESSOR

ON

HOT-START BY TEMPERATURE

- 17 -

8. Deice Control

•Deicing operation is controlled by timer and sensing the indoor pipe temperature.

•Deicing operation checks the indoor pipe temperature and Intake-air temperature at 25 minutes and 60 minutes on starting of heating operation, and discriminates by temperature difference.

•When the heating operation passed 25 minutes, the temperature ( T1=TE1–TR1) is checked and memorized with checking the indoor pipe temperture (TE1) and the indoor Intake-air temperature (TR1).

•When the heating operation passed 60 minutes, deicing operation checks the indoor pipe temperature (TE2) and the indoor Intake-air temperature (TR2), and checks indoor pipe temperature(TE2), the temperature difference ( T2=TE2–TR2) and the temperature difference Td(= T1– T2) of T1, T2.

If temperature of indoor pipe is below 32°C Deicing function operates at the priority I condition. If temperature of indoor pipe is over 32°C Deicing function operates at the priority II condition.

If the temperature difference ( Td) become more than the option temperature, deicing operation starts.

•At that time, deicing operation time is decided.

•The deicing operation time starts after deicing operation started.

•If deicing operation start, above heating operation time is reset, so if deicing operation is finished, the heating operation time is recounted.

•The deicinig time and the operation diagram are as following.

TEMP °C	60 minutes
	25 mins					25 mins
	TE1
				TE2
	T1	T2	T2			T1
Pipe Temp.
Intake Air					Hot
Temp.
	Heating			Deicing	Start	Heating
COMPRESSOR	ON			ON	ON	ON
4-WAY VALVE	ON(Heating Operation)			OFF	ON	ON
OUTDOOR FAN	ON			OFF	ON	ON
INDOOR FAN	ON			OFF		ON
DEICE LED	OFF			ON		OFF

(DEICING DIAGRAM)

Priority I

TE2

below 30°C

30~31°C

31~32°C

Over 32°C

Deicing Time

12mins

11mins

10mins

Heating Operation

Priority II

T1T2=Td

Over 3.5°C

3.0 3.5°C

2.5 3.0°C

2.0 2.5°C

below 2.0°C

Deicing Time

12mins

11mins

10mins

9mins

Heating Operation

- 18 -

9. Soft Dry Operation.

•During Soft Dry Operation, the compressor ON temperature is the setting temperature plus 1°C, the compressor OFF temperature is the setting temperature minus 0.5°C.

•When the room temperature rises over the compressor ON temperature, the operation mode is switched to the cooling mode.

•When the room temperature falls between the compressor ON temperature and OFF temperature, the operation mode is switched to the Soft Dry Operation.

In this temperature range, 10min. Dry operation, 5.5min operation OFF, 1.5min. only fan operation repeat. During 10min Dry operation, even if the room temperature falls below compressor OFF temperature, 10min(MAX) Compressor ON from starting of Dry operation which includes 4 min. Compressor ON operation below the compressor OFF temperature.

•In micom dehumidify mode, control of fan speed is as following.

Operation

Cooling

ROOM TEMP.

Dry operation

SETTING TEMP.+1°C

(COMP. ON)

maximum

4 minutes

SETTING TEMP.-0.5°C

(COMP. OFF)

1 minutes

1.5 minutes

10 minutes

maximum

2 minutes

5.5 minutes

10 minutes

INDOOR FAN SPEED	Selecting	OFF	LOW	LOW	OFF	LOW	LOW
	fan speed
COMPRESSOR	ON	OFF		ON	OFF		ON

10. Forced operation

•If you lose wireless remote controller, you can operate the unit with forced operation switch.

•The standard conditions are as following.

	Cooling Model		Heat pump Model
		Room Temp ≥ 24°C	21°C ≤Room Temp 24°C	Room Temp 21°C
Operation Mode	Cooling	Cooling	Soft Dry	Heating
Indoor Fan Speed	High	High	Low	High
Setting Temp.	22°C	22°C	Room Temp.	24°C

- 19 -

Display Function

1. Heating Model

2.Cooling Model

Operation Indicator

Operation Indicator

• Cooling, Soft Dry, Fan, Heating

• Cooling, Soft Dry, Fan, Heating

Timer Indicator

Timer Indicator

• Timer Mode	• Timer Mode
Sleep Timer Indicator	Sleep Timer Indicator
• Sleep Mode	• Sleep Mode
Deicer Indicator	Outdoor unit operation	OUT
		DOOR

• Hot-start, Deice	• Outdoor Unit Operating or not

Self-diagnosis Function

1. Protection of the eveporator pipe from frosting

If the temperature of the indoor pipe is below 0°C after 7 mins from starting the compressor, the compressor and the outdoor fan is stopped, and then after 3 mins delay of the compressor and the temperature of the indoor pipe is over 7°C, the compressor and the outdoor fan is reoperated.

2. Thermistor Cut Off of Short

Cut Off/Short : Blinks on and off the operation mode LED. (0.5 sec ON/3 sec OFF)

- 20 -

Installation

1. Installation of Indoor, Outdoor unit

1) Selection of the best location

1. Indoor unit.

•There should not be any heat source or steam near the unit.

•There should not be any obstacles to prevent the air circulation.

•A place where air circulation in the room will be good.

•A place where drainage can be easily obtained.

•A place where noise prevention is taken into consideration.

•Do not install the unit near the door way.

•Ensure the spaces indicated by arrows from the wall, ceiling, fence, or other obstacles.

More than	More than 5 cm
5 cm
More than eye-level	More than
	5 cm

2. Outdoor unit.

•If an awning is built over the unit to prevent direct sunlight or rain exposure, be careful that heat radia-

tion from the condenser is not restricted.	More than 10 cm	More than 10 cm
• There should not be any animals or plants which
could be affected by hot air discharged.
• Ensure the spaces indicated by arrows from the wall,
ceiling, fence, or other obstacles.
	More than 70 cm

- 21 -

2) Indoor Unit Installation

The mounting wall should be strong and solid enough to prevent it from the vibration.

1.Mount the installation plate on the wall with four Type "A" screws.

•Always mount the Installation plate horizontally by aligning the marking-off line with using the thread and a level.

2.Drill the piping hole with 70mm dia. holecore drill.

•Drill the piping hole at either the right or the left and the hole should be slightly slant to the outdoor side.

Installation Plate

Type "A" screw

marking-off line

Thread

Weight

The lower left and right side of Installation Plate

<7K, 9K BTU>

Left rear piping	Right rear piping
80mm
20mm	20mm
	50mm
ø 70mm	ø 70mm
<11K, 12K, 14K BTU>
Left rear piping	Right rear piping
A	A
Center	Center
A	A
ø 70mm	ø 70mm
WALL
Indoor	Outdoor
	5~7mm

- 22 -