HP PageWide Pro 352, PageWide Pro 377, PageWide Pro 452, PageWide Pro 477, PageWide Pro 552 Troubleshooting Manual

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Troubleshooting Manual

PageWide Pro 352/377, 452/477, and 552/577

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352 452 552

HP PageWide Pro 352/377, 452/477, and 552/577

Troubleshooting Manual

Trademark Credits

Reproduction, adaptation, or translation without prior written permission is prohibited, except as allowed under the copyright laws.

The information contained herein is subject to change without notice.

The only warranties for HP products and services are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and services. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additional warranty. HP shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein.

Edition 1, 3/2016

ENERGY STAR® and the ENERGY STAR® mark are registered U.S. marks.

Conventions used in this guide

TIP: Tips provide helpful hints or shortcuts.

NOTE: Notes provide important information to explain a concept or to complete a task.

CAUTION: Cautions indicate procedures that you should follow to avoid losing data or damaging the

product.

WARNING! Warnings alert you to specic procedures that you should follow to avoid personal injury,

catastrophic loss of data, or extensive damage to the product.

ENWW iii

iv Conventions used in this guide ENWW

Table of contents

1 Theory of operation ....................................................................................................................................... 1

Basic operation ...................................................................................................................................................... 2

Function structure ............................................................................................................................... 2

Operation sequence ............................................................................................................................ 6

System control ....................................................................................................................................................... 8

Formatter and data path ..................................................................................................................... 8

Engine control ..................................................................................................................................... 9

Pen interface (I/F) .............................................................................................................................. 11

Power supply ..................................................................................................................................... 11

Print subsystem ................................................................................................................................................... 12

Printbar .............................................................................................................................................. 13

Printbar air management system ..................................................................................................... 14

Printbar lift ........................................................................................................................................ 15

Ink cartridges ..................................................................................................................................... 15

Optical scan carriage ......................................................................................................................... 15

Print system operational states ....................................................................................................... 15

Paper-handling system ....................................................................................................................................... 17

Input trays ......................................................................................................................................... 24

Paper path zones ............................................................................................................................... 24

Servicing system .................................................................................................................................................. 28

Service sled ........................................................................................................................................ 30

Transmission system ........................................................................................................................................... 31

Components ...................................................................................................................................... 32

States ................................................................................................................................................. 32

Aerosol management system ............................................................................................................................. 34

Document feeder system (377/477/577/P57750 models) ............................................................................... 36

Document feed system ..................................................................................................................... 36

Rollers and sensors in the document feeder .................................................................................... 36

Document feeder operation .............................................................................................................. 37

Deskew operation .............................................................................................................................. 38

Scanning and image capture system (377/477/577/P57750 models) .............................................................. 39

Fax functions and operation (377/477/577/P57750 models) ........................................................................... 40

ENWW v

Computer and network security features ......................................................................................... 40

PSTN operation .................................................................................................................................. 40

The fax subsystem ............................................................................................................................ 40

Fax card in the fax subsystem ........................................................................................................... 40

Fax page storage in ash memory .................................................................................................... 42

2 Solve problems ............................................................................................................................................ 43

Restore the factory-set defaults ......................................................................................................................... 44

Menu access ......................................................................................................................................................... 44

Menu access on monochrome control panels .................................................................................. 45

Menu access on color control panels ................................................................................................ 47

Perform tap tests and interpret results .............................................................................................................. 49

10 tap test results (OOBE states) ...................................................................................................... 49

12 tap test results (REDI sensor values) ........................................................................................... 51

61 tap results (Align and color calibrations) ..................................................................................... 53

909 tap test results (BDD status) ...................................................................................................... 54

Verify that the pig tails have an adequate seal ................................................................................ 55

Troubleshooting owchart .................................................................................................................................. 56

Front-panel error codes ....................................................................................................................................... 57

Control-panel messages ...................................................................................................................................... 60

Error-related symptoms ...................................................................................................................................... 64

Check symptoms .................................................................................................................................................. 65

Power and electronics ....................................................................................................................... 65

Solve print quality problems ............................................................................................................. 67

Solve paper handling problems ........................................................................................................ 96

Solve connectivity problems ........................................................................................................... 113

Solve copy/scan problems .............................................................................................................. 119

Solve fax problems .......................................................................................................................... 126

Solve memory device problems ...................................................................................................... 138

Appendix A Event log codes ........................................................................................................................... 139

Interpret event log codes .................................................................................................................................. 140

Index ........................................................................................................................................................... 151

vi ENWW

List of gures

Figure 1-1 Main components (352/452 models) ................................................................................................................. 2

Figure 1-2 Main components (377/477 models) ................................................................................................................. 3

Figure 1-3 Main components (552/P55250 models) ........................................................................................................... 4

Figure 1-4 Main components (577/P57750 models) ........................................................................................................... 5

Figure 1-5 System control .................................................................................................................................................... 8

Figure 1-6 Print subsystem components (300/400 series) ............................................................................................... 12

Figure 1-7 Print subsystem components (500 series) ....................................................................................................... 13

Figure 1-8 Printbar components ........................................................................................................................................ 14

Figure 1-9 Paper-handling system paper path (300/400 series) ...................................................................................... 17

Figure 1-10 Paper-handling system paper path (500 series) ............................................................................................ 18

Figure 1-11 Printer sensors (300/400 series) .................................................................................................................... 19

Figure 1-12 Printer sensors (500 series) ............................................................................................................................ 20

Figure 1-13 Paper-handling-system motors (300/400 series) ......................................................................................... 22

Figure 1-14 Paper-handling-system motors (500 series) ................................................................................................. 23

Figure 1-15 Paper path zones (300/400 series) ................................................................................................................ 25

Figure 1-16 Paper path zones (500 series) ........................................................................................................................ 26

Figure 1-17 Servicing system components (300/400 series) ........................................................................................... 28

Figure 1-18 Servicing system components (500 series) ................................................................................................... 29

Figure 1-19 Service sled components ................................................................................................................................ 30

Figure 1-20 Transmission components, rear view ............................................................................................................. 31

Figure 1-21 Transmission main components ..................................................................................................................... 32

Figure 1-22 Aerosol management process ........................................................................................................................ 34

Figure 1-23 Aerosol management system components ................................................................................................... 35

Figure 1-24 Document feeder rollers and sensors ............................................................................................................ 36

Figure 1-25 Document feeder operation ........................................................................................................................... 37

Figure 1-26 Deskew operation ........................................................................................................................................... 38

Figure 2-1 Printer status report—determining genuine HP ink usage ............................................................................. 68

Figure 2-2 Mark the Web wipe ............................................................................................................................................ 90

Figure 2-3 Tray lift mechanism .......................................................................................................................................... 98

ENWW vii

viii ENWW

1 Theory of operation

●

Basic operation

●

System control

●

Print subsystem

●

Paper-handling system

●

Servicing system

●

Transmission system

●

Aerosol management system

●

Document feeder system (377/477/577/P57750 models)

●

Scanning and image capture system (377/477/577/P57750 models)

●

Fax functions and operation (377/477/577/P57750 models)

ENWW 1

Basic operation

Control panel

Output bin

Printbar

Service sled

Main input tray (Tray 2)

Optional trays (Trays 3 and 4)

Multipurpose tray (Tray 1)

Ink collection unit

Optical scan carriage

Ink cartridges

Function structure

The printer consists of the following components.

Figure 1-1 Main components (352/452 models)

2 Chapter 1 Theory of operation ENWW

Figure 1-2 Main components (377/477 models)

Document feeder

Scanner

Control panel

Output bin

Printbar

Service sled

Main input tray (Tray 2)

Optional trays (Trays 3 and 4)

Multipurpose tray (Tray 1)

Ink collection unit

Optical scan carriage

Ink cartridges

(

ENWW Basic operation 3

Figure 1-3 Main components (552/P55250 models)

Control panel

Output bin

Printbar

Service sled

Main input tray (Tray 2)

Multipurpose tray (Tray 1)

Duplex module\

Waste ink module

Optical scan carriage

Optional trays (Trays 3 and 4)

Ink cartridges

4 Chapter 1 Theory of operation ENWW

Figure 1-4 Main components (577/P57750 models)

Control panel

Output bin

Printbar

Service sled

Main input tray (Tray 2)

Optional trays (Trays 3 and 4)

Multipurpose tray (Tray 1)

Duplex module\

Waste ink module

Optical scan carriage

Document feeder

Scanner

Ink cartridges

ontrol pane

utput bi

Printbar

rvice

sled

ain input tray (Tray 2

)

ptional trays (Trays 3 and 4

)

Mul

tipurpose tray

(

Tray 1

)

Duplex module

Waste ink module

ptica

scan

arriage

Document feeder

anner

nk cartr

idg

The printer contains the following systems:

●

Engine control system

●

Print subsystem

●

Paper-handling system

●

Servicing system

●

Aerosol management system

●

Scanner and document feeder system

ENWW Basic operation 5

Two elements inuence the printer architecture:

●

The rst is the need to orient the printbar with its active face downwards and statically located above the print media. This requires the printbar to move vertically to access its active face.

●

The second is producing face-down output. Rather than ejecting the page face-up immediately after the ink is applied, the printer routes the printed page up and back over the printbar to eject face-down.

Operation sequence

The engine-control system on the formatter PCA controls the operational sequences. The following table describes durations and operations for each period of a print operation from when the printer is turned on until the motor stops rotating.

Table 1-1 Operation sequence

Period Duration Purpose

Initial startup and calibrations

Servicing operations Performed when the printbar is

Print preparation From the time the printer

When the printer is set up for the rst time from the factory.

entering the capping state after printing, when leaving the capping state after a print job is initiated, or during extended print jobs.

receives a printer command until paper enters the print zone.

This period gets the printer ready to print for the rst time.

●

Fluid replacement—The printer ushes the shipping and handling uid out of the printbar and replaces it with ink.

●

Die alignment—The printer aligns the 10 die on the printbar active face.

●

Die density leveling—The printer measures and compensates for the drop variation.

Servicing maintains print quality by removing debris and excess ink and replacing missing nozzles.

●

Nozzle presence detection—The optical scan carriage detects and disables inoperable nozzles, and replaces them with operable nozzles.

●

Printbar servicing—The web wipe on the service sled moves under the printbar to clean the active face and res the nozzles into the ink collection unit to clear clogs.

Prepares the printer for a print job.

●

The printbar leaves the capping state as the service sled moves away from the printbar.

●

If needed, some servicing occurs.

●

The printbar lowers to the printing position. The media type and printing mode determine the print zone height.

●

The printer picks media from one of the input trays.

●

Every page from Tray 1 is scanned. For Tray 2 and optional Trays 3 and 4, the printer performs media edge detection after printing the rst sheet after the tray is loaded. The last sheet of each job is also scanned if at least ve sheets have been printed.

●

The printer monitors environmental conditions. The printer can slow the print speed if conditions are signicantly dierent than a normal oice environment (23° C (73.4° F), 50% relative humidity).

●

The formatter PCA processes print data and transmits the data to the printbar.

6 Chapter 1 Theory of operation ENWW

Table 1-1 Operation sequence (continued)

Period Duration Purpose

Printing From the end of the preparation

period until the last sheet is delivered.

End of print job Performed after the print job is

completed, and continues until the next job is initiated.

Standby The printer is sitting idle, waiting

for the next print job to be initiated.

Processes the print job.

●

As the page travels through the print zone, the printbar applies ink to the page.

●

Simplex print job—the page moves up, over the printbar, and out to the output bin (face-down).

●

Duplex print job—the page moves up until the trailing edge is 40 mm (1.5 in) past the star-wheel jam reective sensor. The page reverses direction down through the duplex path and underneath the ink collection unit. Then, it reenters the print zone, where the printbar applies ink to the second side.

●

The process continues until all the pages of the print job are completed. The process can be interrupted by occasional nozzle presence detection and servicing events, if the job includes many pages.

This period puts the printer in a state where it’s ready for the next print job.

●

If needed, some servicing occurs.

●

The printbar moves to the capping position after a short dwell interval.

●

The service sled moves to cap the printbar.

This period is intended to conserve energy when the printer is sitting idle. Certain functions might be disabled to save power and then re-started only when needed. The printer has two sleep modes:

●

Idle mode—The printbar is capped and the printer is ready to immediately start a new job

●

Sleep mode—After the printer is inactive for about 10 minutes (a setting that can be adjusted from the control panel or the Embedded Web Server), the control panel turns o and the power LED blinks to indicate the unit is in Sleep mode. All printer functions are available.

ENWW Basic operation 7

System control

Power supply

Engine control

Motor + sensor drive

Formatter

I/O, PDL, UI control

I/O

Datapath

ASIC +memory

Printbar

40,000 nozzles

Pen I/F

• Pen energy control

• Pen voltage sequencing

• Signal integrity

• Ink-short protection

• Printhead interconnects

• Ink supply

The system control coordinates all the other systems, according to commands from the formatter.

Figure 1-5 System control

The system consists of ve major sections.

●

Formatter

●

Data path

●

Engine control

●

Pen interface

●

Power supply

The engine PCA integrates both formatter and engine control electronics onto a single assembly. The wireless radio unit (wireless models only) plugs into the back of the engine PCA, and the fax connects to the PCA via a short at-exible cable (FFC).

Formatter and data path

The formatter controller ASIC controls the input/output (I/O) control, the user interface, and the rendering of page description language les into printer-specic commands.

Input/output (I/O) control

The printers support 10/100 Ethernet, 802.11 wireless (HP wireless direct models), a rear USB host port, a control panel USB host port (552/P55250/377/477/577/P57750 models), and an analog fax port (377/477/577/P57750 models). For Ethernet networks, the formatter ASIC uses a separate integrated circuit (Broadcom 5241) to provide the physical network layer.

The formatter ASIC controls the USB device and USB host as well.

Wireless I/O is provided via a separate radio module.

User interface

The printers contain either a 2-inch (352/452 models) monochrome display or an 4.3-inch (552/ P55250/377/477/577/P57750 models) color graphics display. An icon on the control panel of wireless models denotes that the wireless feature is enabled. The 552, P55250, 377, 477, 577, and P57750 models include a walk-up USB host port for connection to thumb drives.

8 Chapter 1 Theory of operation ENWW

Formatter digital ASIC

The formatter digital ASIC contains dual ARM CPUs (1.2 GHz and 600MHz) that execute rmware code that provides high-level device control. The digital ASIC uses a standard PCle interface to pass data to the engine control ASIC.

Formatter analog ASIC

The formatter analog ASIC generates the system voltage for the formatter, drives the scanner and ADF motors, manages the real-time clock, and drives the fax speaker. Also, the engine uses this ASIC to drive the ISS pumps, solenoids, and aerosol fan.

Real-time clock

The real-time clock (RTC) allows the fax module to time-stamp outgoing faxes. In addition, it determines the elapsed time between printhead and ISS calibration events. The RTC uses a special block inside the engine analog ASIC, along with a crystal and a battery.

Engine control

The engine controller digital ASIC receives high-level commands from the formatter, and it then provides lowlevel control to the print mechanism. In particular, the engine controller digital ASIC and its rmware control motors, system sensors, and the printbar. The engine controller analog ASIC integrates motor drivers, voltage regulators, sensor interfaces, and supervisory circuits.

Engine controller digital ASIC

The engine controller digital ASIC has a high-performance 480 MHz ARM CPU and DSP co-processors that execute rmware code to provide low-level engine control. It also drives the printbar via 15 high-speed LVDS transmission lines, which are routed from the engine PCA to the printbar via two large FFC cables. The engine controller digital ASIC receives pre-rendered data from the formatter digital ASIC over a standard PCle interface.

When a product has entered sleep mode, many functions of the printer have gone into a low-power mode. If a print job is received while the product is in sleep mode, the printer will take a short period of time to "wake up". This can take up to 15 seconds, which will delay the rst page out (FPO) time accordingly.

Engine controller analog ASIC

The engine uses two analog ASICs to generate the system voltages for the engine, drive the engine motors, control various engine sensors, and monitor printbar power delivery for correct operation.

The engine has seven motors, some of which are shared with other subsystems:

●

Pick motor

●

Feed motor

●

Duplex motor

●

Lift motor

●

Eject motor

●

Sensor carriage motor

●

Aerosol fan motor

ENWW System control 9

Each one is a DC motor with encoder feedback, to provide precision servo control. These motors are driven directly by one of the engine analog ASICs. Small DC motors also are used to drive the ISS pump and the aerosol fan. There are solenoids that actuate the ejection ap and the ISS priming system.

The printer uses many sensors to track the media as it travels through the paper path. Most of these are optical REDI sensors, which are used in conjunction with mirrors to sense the presence or absence of paper in a particular location. These are carefully aligned and calibrated at the factory, so care must be taken when servicing these sensors. See the Remove and Replace chapter in the repair manual for more details.

Other printed circuit-board assemblies (PCAs)

In addition to hosting the system ASICs, the engine PCA is home to many circuits needed to interface to sensors and other sub-system components. In some cases, this circuitry is located on a smaller remote PCA (SLB) to optimize cable interconnects.

●

Humidity sensor—The humidity sensor causes the printer to adjust printing speed if ambient conditions are outside the optimal humidity range. This sensor is calibrated at the factory to ensure maximum accuracy.

●

Temperature sensor—The temperature sensor causes the printer to adjust printing speed if ambient conditions are outside the optimal temperature range. In some printers, this sensor resides on a separate, remote PCA.

●

Main tray presence sensor—The hall-eect sensor that detects if the main tray is properly engaged resides on the back of the engine PCA. A small magnet on the back of the main tray actuates the sensor. If the tray is fully engaged, the magnetic eld strength is suicient to trigger the sensor.

Additionally, the printer includes the following PCAs:

●

Front USB PCA—This PCA governs the control panel USB port.

●

Fax PCA—This PCA governs the printer fax module.

●

Duplex module presence sensor–This hall-eect sensor detects whether the duplex module is properly seated.

●

Power button PCA—This PCA includes the power button and power LED, as well as interface cables to the duplex module presence sensor and the MP tray empty REDI sensor.

●

Accessory tray interconnect PCA—This PCA provides communication to optional Tray 3.

●

Pick encoder distribution PCA—This PCA includes the pick motor encoder and the pick motor interconnect cable.

●

Eject encoder distribution PCA—This PCA includes the eject motor encoder, plus the interconnect cables to the eject motor and the aerosol fan.

●

Print zone distribution PCA—This PCA joins interconnect cables to the following sensors: separator REDI, feed motion encoder, main tray empty sensor, Top of Form (TOF) REDI sensor, and the Print zone REDI sensor.

●

REDI distribution PCA—This PCA includes hall-eect sensors that detect ink cartridge door and left door positions. It also combines the interconnect cables for the eject REDI sensor, the upper paper path REDI sensor, the lower paper path REDI sensor, and the eject ap opto ag sensor.

●

Sensor carriage PCA—This PCA includes a carriage motion encoder, a ZIM sensor, and the BDD sensor.

●

Printbar lift encoder distribution PCA—This PCA includes the printbar lift motion encoder and combines interconnect cables to the printbar lift motor, carriage motor, and eject ap solenoid.

10 Chapter 1 Theory of operation ENWW

●

Duplex encoder PCA—This PCA contains the motion encoder for the duplex motor.

●

SHAID PCA—This PCA contains interfaces to the out-of-ink sensors for the ink cartridges, and combines the interface cables to the acumen PCA, the ISS pump, and the ISS solenoids.

●

Acumen PCA—This PCA contains interfaces to the acumen memory devices for the ink cartridges.

Pen interface (I/F)

The printbar is the key component that dierentiates these printers from other inkjet printers. The conventional approach is to print a page in horizontal swaths by moving a “scanning” printhead horizontally

xed sheet of paper, advancing the paper a xed amount, and then printing the next swath. With these

over a printers, the paper moves underneath a xed page-wide printhead in a single smooth motion.

Single pass page-wide printing requires that data and power be delivered to the printbar at a very high rate, while also maintaining good control of paper position as it moves past the printhead nozzles.

The engine PCA sends power and data to the printbar via two large at exible cables (36 and 38 pins). The printbar PCA routes power and data to 10 printhead die, which are attached to the PCA using a exible tab circuit and wire-bonding process.

The printers also contain electronics to control the ink supply station (ISS). The SHAID PCA detects low-ink conditions. It gauges ink levels by means of electrically sensing the presence of ink and/or ink foam in the Xchamber. The SHAID PCA also collects and distributes electrical signals that drive the push-prime pump(s), engage the solenoids, and read the ink supply acumen data. All are routed through a single 17-pin FFC from the SHAID PCA to the engine PCA.

Each ink supply has a memory tag that stores information about its type of ink, the amount of ink remaining, and other critical data. It uses a special authentication scheme to ensure that only genuine HP supplies are used and the printer is not damaged by using invalid supplies. Acumen uses a two-line serial bus, which, along with 3.3 V and ground, is cabled via the SHAID PCA to the engine PCA and the engine control digital ASIC.

Power supply

The power supply module converts 100-240 VAC to 34 VDC to power the system. The power supply module has a sleep mode that reduces power consumption in system low-power modes. When in its sleep mode, the power supply generates less than 4 W.

The power supply module supplies 34 V to the engine PCA. The power supply module has two operating modes, depending upon the state of its nSLEEP input pin:

●

Printing: = up to 13 W ( nSLEEP = high logic level)

●

Sleep mode: = < 4 W ( nSLEEP = low logic level)

The power supply is a self-contained module that can be replaced if it is determined to be defective (see the Remove and Replace chapter of the Repair Manual).

To ensure safe operation, the power supply will “latch o” if a persistent over-current fault condition exists. This would typically be caused by a short-circuit from 34 V to ground in the printer. Less severe faults can cause the power supply to latch o, if present for an extended period of time, or if the printer is operated above the recommended operating temperature range.

NOTE: In some countries/regions, the printer is equipped with a high-voltage power supply in order to

prevent power supply unit failures due to over-voltage conditions.

ENWW System control 11

Print subsystem

Printbar lift

Ink cartridges

Printbar

Optical scan carriage

The print subsystem includes the following components.

●

Printbar

●

Printbar lift

●

Ink cartridges

●

Optical scan carriage

Figure 1-6 Print subsystem components (300/400 series)

12 Chapter 1 Theory of operation ENWW

Figure 1-7 Print subsystem components (500 series)

Printbar

Optical scan carriage

Ink cartridges

Printbar lift

Printbar

The printbar’s fundamental purpose is to convert the digital ring instructions from the printer electronics into properly formed and timed microscopic drops of the four ink colors. The printbar spans the full width of a letter/A4-size sheet (216 mm (8.5 in)), which allows the printbar to be statically positioned within the printer and have the media move underneath it, printing the entire page in a single motion.

ENWW Print subsystem 13

Figure 1-8 Printbar components

Table 1-2 Printbar components

Item Description

1 Ink cartridge connections

2 Thermal inkjet (TIJ) die array

3 Data/power ow and regulation

4 Inkow channels and pressure regulation

The printbar has a xed array of 10 thermal inkjet (TIJ) die oriented in two staggered rows. Each die contains more than 1,000 nozzles for each of the four ink colors—black (K), cyan (C), magenta (M) and yellow (Y). Behind the die array are the ink ow channels and pressure regulation mechanisms that supply the die array with ink at the proper pressure and ow. The die must also be fed power and data at the appropriate levels and rates, which is the function of the onboard electronic circuitry. Finally, situated at the top of the printbar, there are four ink cartridge receptacles, one for each color. These cartridges are linked by ow connections to the rest of the printbar and supply the ink necessary for its operation.

A sensor technology called back-scatter drop detect (BDD) monitors printbar health and calibrations. This system looks at the reection of the miniscule drops in ight, and then passes these signals through highspeed, high-gain, bandpass lters. A complex articial intelligence (AI) system decides which drop ejectors are currently out of specications, and which are not.

After the AI system determines which drop ejectors are out of specication, the printer compensates for them. Some ejectors use neighboring nozzles and at times even tiny amounts of other inks—whichever combination of methods necessary to deliver the best print quality possible at that moment. In some cases, fully half of the nozzles can be “out” without a noticeable degradation in quality. The compensation is done in real time with a dedicated high-speed DSP. The system can scan portions of the system after print jobs, but it is fully interruptible by new, incoming print jobs.

Printbar air management system

The printbar uses a passive air gain management system. Air can enter the printbar from the following sources:

14 Chapter 1 Theory of operation ENWW

●

Die outgassing (from air in the ink)

●

Air entering nozzles due to temperature or pressure variations

●

Air entry through the printbar structure

●

Air entry through the nozzles due to shipment vibration

Air that enters the printbar is warehoused. There is no mechanism to remove the air in the eld. Of the various mechanisms for air entry, the rst three are generally benign, and rarely cause issues during the expected life of the printer. The fourth mechanism generally occurs during shipment. New printers are shipped with the printbar taped—which limits the amount of air gained. If the printbar isn’t well restrained during shipment, then air gain can be air gain can be reduced either by ensuring that the printer stays on its base, or that the printbar is restrained. Both would be best.

Printbar lift

The printbar lift is responsible for positioning the printbar within the printer and moving it up and down as required. This vertical motion is both to establish proper spacing to the paper during printing, and to raise it to either access the active face or perform necessary calibrations.

During printing, the lift mechanism sets the printbar height and paper height depending on the type of paper.

Ink cartridges

signicant. If the printer is shipped after removal of the printbar tape,

These printers have new, state-of-the-art pigmented inks. They are ltered using proprietary processes to prevent printhead contamination. These inks are designed to produce optimal print quality on ColorLok oice papers, but also produce very good print quality on regular oice papers and specialty paper.

Optical scan carriage

The optical scan carriage has optical sensors used for calibration. Its motion is along the long axis of the printbar. These sensors are used by a number of printer calibration features that are important for proper subsystem function. The BDD sensor is located on the optical scan carriage.

Print system operational states

The print subsystem has a number of distinct operational states besides active printing.

Startup

As it comes from the factory, the printbar is initially lled with an inert ink-substitute called Shipping and Handling Fluid (SHF). This uid, essential for the manufacture and transportation of the printbar, must be ushed and replaced with actual ink. This is accomplished during the Startup phase. The ushing process automatically commences when ink supplies are inserted and the unit is powered up for the rst time. The SHF is removed by sustained printbar operation and replaced by ink from the supplies. The process terminates once all the SHF has been ushed from the printbar.

Special host supplies are supplied with the printer prior to its rst use. These supplies contain additional ink so that there will be 100 percent ink level after the SHF is replaced with ink. These supplies can be used only to initialize the printer. You cannot use them in another printer that has been initialized.

NOTE: The initial startup time is noticeably longer than the following regular startup times.

ENWW Print subsystem 15

Die alignment

Since 10 die comprise the printbar active face, each with associated positional tolerances, an active calibration must be performed to prevent errors and allow a uniform ink application to the paper (without any gaps or overlaps between adjacent die). This die alignment is done by printing a special diagnostic image on a sheet of paper and then scanning it with the optical scan carriage. Die alignment is performed as part of initial unit startup, and can be performed manually as part of the print quality recovery tool.

Die density leveling

Tolerances are also associated with the drops red by the individual printbar die. Another active calibration measures and compensates for these variations to produce a visually uniform ink application to the paper. Another set of diagnostic images is printed and scanned by the optical scan carriage to achieve this die density leveling. Die alignment and die density leveling are usually paired together.

Nozzle presence detection

In printing, since all the ink is applied in a single smooth motion of the paper past the printbar, any inoperable nozzle can show up as a noticeable streak. The operational state of each of the thousands of nozzles on the printbar is periodically measured. The printbar lift raises the printbar, and the BDD assembly on the optical scan carriage watches for drop presence as each nozzle is red. Inoperable nozzles are turned o and other operable nozzles are used on subsequent printed pages to apply the missing ink. Nozzle presence detection is fully interruptible by new, incoming print jobs.

Media edge position detection

The printer uses a learning algorithm to dene media center as a function of input source—Tray 1, Tray 2, or optional Trays 3 and 4. The edge scan is located downstream of the print zone. As paper is scanned, the media center database is updated. The image is registered to the page using the media center database.

Servicing and capping

When in the capped state, the printbar is fully raised, the service sled is positioned underneath, and the printbar cap is engaged against the printbar active face. Servicing—the cleaning of the active face and the ring of the nozzles—can occur either during Sleep2 mode or after extended time in storage. It can also occur during extended print jobs.

Printing

The printing state begins by the printbar leaving the capping state, and lowering to the printing position after the service sled moves out of the way. At the same time, a sheet of paper is picked from one of the three trays and the leading edge staged at the entrance to the print zone. Once the print data has been sent, the sheet of paper feeds at a constant velocity through the print zone and the printbar applies the ink.

In the case of one-sided printing, the inked sheet is moved up, over and out to the output tray. For two-sided printing, the sheet is moved until its trailing edge is past the merge to the vertical path. The sheet is then reversed down through the duplex path underneath the ink collection unit, and reintroduced into the print zone for inking of the second side.

This process continues until all the pages of the print job are completed. If the print job is large enough, it can be interrupted by servicing processes.

16 Chapter 1 Theory of operation ENWW

Paper-handling system

The paper-handling system moves paper through the printer according to commands from the formatter.

The following gures show the printer paper path.

Figure 1-9 Paper-handling system paper path (300/400 series)

ENWW Paper-handling system 17

Figure 1-10 Paper-handling system paper path (500 series)

The paper path consists of the following major components:

●

Two integrated input trays plus one optional accessory tray

●

Four motors and a solenoid plus two more motors in the accessory tray

●

Duplex module

●

Sensors placed throughout the device, including the paper trays

18 Chapter 1 Theory of operation ENWW

●

12 11 10 89

999997

6 45

Multiple feed rollers, pinch rollers, star wheels, and media guides

●

Transmission components (gears, shafts, levers, swingarms) that interface with other subsystems such as the printbar and service sled.

Components of the paper path move the paper from the input tray to a position 1 to 2 mm (.04 to .08 in) underneath the printbar, and then deliver the printed result to the output tray. The combined orientations and actions of the printbar, the printbar lift, and the paper path establish the print-zone, where the ink drops move from the active face of the printbar to the paper.

The following gures show the printer sensors.

Figure 1-11 Printer sensors (300/400 series)

ENWW Paper-handling system 19

Figure 1-12 Printer sensors (500 series)

12 11 10 89 999997 6 45

Table 1-3 Printer sensors

Item Description Item Description

1 Output ap jam sensor 13 Top of Form (TOF) REDI sensor (located on platen)

2 Ambient temperature sensor 14 Feed roller encoder

3 Ambient humidity sensor 15 Feed roller home sensor

4 Tray 2 pickup tire home sensor 16 Duplex module presence sensor

5 Tray 2 tray presence sensor 17 Print zone REDI sensor (located on platen)

20 Chapter 1 Theory of operation ENWW

Table 1-3 Printer sensors (continued)

Item Description Item Description

6 Tray 3 pickup tire home sensor 18 Back-scatter drop detect sensor

7 Tray 3 paper presence sensor 19 Print calibration/media edge detect sensor

8 Tray 3 separation sensor 20 Lower paper path REDI sensor

9 Tray 2 paper presence sensor 21 Left door open sensor

10 Tray 3 tray presence sensor 22 Upper paper path REDI sensor

11 Tray 1 paper presence sensor 23 Ink supply door open sensor

12 Tray 3 cleanout presence sensor 24 Eject REDI sensor

There are several motors in the printer for pick, feed, duplexing, printbar lift, delivery, and the scanning sensor carriage.

ENWW Paper-handling system 21

Figure 1-13 Paper-handling-system motors (300/400 series)

234

22 Chapter 1 Theory of operation ENWW

Figure 1-14 Paper-handling-system motors (500 series)

234

Table 1-4 Paper-handling system motors

Item Description

1 Eject (or output drive) motor

2 Tray 2 pickup motor

3 Tray 3 pickup motor

4 Duplex Tray 1 motor

5 Tray 3 feed motor

ENWW Paper-handling system 23

Table 1-4 Paper-handling system motors (continued)

Item Description

6 Feed motor

7 Optical carriage motor

8 Printbar lift motor

Input trays

The printer comes standard with two input trays, and also accepts two accessory trays.

●

50-page multipurpose (MP) tray—Tray 1: The tray shares a motor with the duplex module and has only one sensor. It is a reective (REDI) sensor that determines if media is present in the tray. The feed roller reective REDI sensor determines if a sheet of media is successfully picked from the tray.

500-sheet letter/A4 size main tray—Tray 2: The tray has a pick motor, which is also moves the service sled. Similar to the accessory tray, both the main tray motor and the duplex MP tray motor will operate at the same time when picking paper from the main tray. The main tray has three sensors:

◦

A hall eect sensor determines if the tray is closed.

◦

A ag/opto sensor determines if there is media in the tray.

◦

A ag/opto sensor determines if the pick roller is in home position.

The feed roller jam sensor is used to determine if a sheet of media is successfully picked from the main tray.

●

Two optional 500-sheet legal size accessory trays—Trays 3 and 4: These optional trays each have two motors, one for picking paper and one for the turn roller. This roller receives paper from the pickup roller and transfers it to the multipurpose tray ITR, that is driven by the duplex module/MP tray motor. Both the accessory tray motor and the duplex module/MP tray motor operate at the same time when picking paper out of the accessory tray.

The accessory trays have the following sensors:

◦

A hall eect sensor determines if the tray is closed.

◦

A ag/opto sensor determines if there is media in the tray.

◦

A ag/opto sensor determines if the pickup roller is in the home position.

◦

A hall eect sensor determines if the left door is closed.

◦

A separation sensor determines if the printer successfully picked media.

Paper path zones

The printer paper path includes the following elements:

●

Deskew buckle

●

Print zone

●

Duplex

24 Chapter 1 Theory of operation ENWW

●

Output

●

Eject

Figure 1-15 Paper path zones (300/400 series)

ENWW Paper-handling system 25

Figure 1-16 Paper path zones (500 series)

Table 1-5 Paper path zones

Item Zone Description

1 Deskew buckle This is the area between the turn roller and feed roller. All paper passes through this zone. During the

deskew operation, the duplex module/MP tray motor rotates forward, driving the paper into the feed roller nip while the feed roller is not moving. The feed roller REDI sensor determines the leading edge for accurate deskew buckle size, detects jams, and senses whether the tray successfully picked paper.

26 Chapter 1 Theory of operation ENWW

Table 1-5 Paper path zones (continued)

Item Zone Description

2 Print zone This is the path between the feed roller and output pinch 1 roller. The feed roller, which has an analog

3 Duplex By opening the left door, the duplex module can be removed to clear jams. The duplex module also

4 Output The output path begins at output pinch roller 1 and continues to output pinch roller 5. Four REDI

quadrature encoder, precisely controls the paper in the paper feed direction . In the vertical direction, a combination of the platen, feed roller, and output pinch roller 1 controls the paper. The user can rotate the platen down for jam access after removing the duplex module.

The print zone contains no paper path sensors. If a jam occurs in the print zone, it is not detected until the leading edge of the paper is determined to be “late” in reaching the jam sensor in the output path.

When a user pulls on jammed paper in the print zone that is still partially in the feed roller nip, the servo control detects a slight movement of the feed roller and assists the user by applying a forward torque to the roller. Also, the motion control system disengages the duplex module rectier (swing arm) so that the turn roller can spin freely. This feature reduces the pulling force needed by the user and therefore reduces the chance of leaving torn pieces of paper in the path—especially in the deskew buckle zone.

serves as an ink-collection unit for the printbar and will expose the user to waste ink when it is removed. Therefore, the duplex module contains warnings to not touch certain areas.

When the user pulls on jammed paper from the duplex module (or any of the trays) that is partially in the feed roller nip, the servo control detects a slight movement of the feed roller and assists the user by applying a reverse torque to the feed roller and disengages. Also, the motion control system disengages the duplex module rectier so the turn roller can spin freely. This feature reduces the pulling force needed by the user and therefore reduces the chance of leaving torn pieces of paper in the path—especially in the deskew buckle zone.

In order for the printer to determine the duplex module's presence, the duplex module has a magnet that triggers a hall-eect sensor mounted to the structure.

sensors in this path detect leading and trailing edges and jams.

The feed motor drives the rollers in the output path, except output pinch roller 5. All the pinch rollers in the output and exit path are star wheels to prevent roller tracking on wet/damp ink. However, the turn roller pinch is solid and has a high amount of force for deskew buckle formation. Also, the feed motor drives all output shafts except shafts 5 and 6.

The REDI dry path lower, REDI dry path upper, and eject jam REDI sensor in the output path all track the leading and trailing edges of paper.

The outer and top portions of the vertical path are formed by paper guides molded in and attached to the left door. The left door can be opened for jam clearance and has a hall-eect sensor to determine if it is closed. Also when the left door is opened, drive rollers that form pinches 3 and 4 disengage from the feed motor for safety purposes.

5 Eject The eject portion of the paper path includes the zone from output pinch roller 5 to the eject ap.

The eject motor powers output pinch roller 5 and eject pinch roller 6.

The eject ap has 3 positions:

●

Closed when not printing.

●

Partially open for heavy ink printing in dry environments to limit severe curl.

●

Open for all other printing. This position controls moderately curled paper.

The ap is opened and closed by a torque clutch on the eject roller shaft. The ap also has a locking feature that is controlled by a solenoid. In order for the door to open all the way or move between positions, the solenoid must be actuated.

ENWW Paper-handling system 27

Servicing system

Duplex module/

Ink collection unit

Service sled

The servicing system comprises the service sled, which maintains print quality by wiping debris and ink o the print nozzles, and the ink collection unit, where maintenance ink is deposited.

Figure 1-17 Servicing system components (300/400 series)

28 Chapter 1 Theory of operation ENWW

Figure 1-18 Servicing system components (500 series)

Service sled

Duplex module/

Ink collection unit

ENWW Servicing system 29

Service sled

Figure 1-19 Service sled components

Table 1-6 Service sled components

Item Description

1 Service sled cap

2 Service sled wiping surface

3 Service sled web fabric loop

4 Printbar support posts

The service sled system keeps the printbar nozzles ring correctly throughout the life of the printer as it performs the wiping and capping functions.

●

The wiping function cleans the nozzles of ink residue and particulates.

●

The capping function keeps the nozzles moist during storage and when the printer is idle.

The service sled system uses the pick drive system (a component of the paper path) for horizontal motion to perform its functions.

To perform the wiping function, the printer moves the service sled underneath the printbar (which is elevated from the print position) so that the web fabric makes contact with the ink nozzles. The web fabric is a looped belt that advances after every wipe. Since the belt is a nite loop, it will eventually reuse previously used material. The web advances when the web wipe module moves to the right and out of the print zone. A mechanism located on the rear wall of the unit triggers the advance mechanism..

To perform the capping function, the service sled moves underneath the printbar (which is elevated from the print position), allowing the rubber cap to seal the print nozzles from the environment.

30 Chapter 1 Theory of operation ENWW

Transmission system

The pick/service motor uses a multi-state transmission to power the following three functions:

●

Move the service sled

●

Pick paper from the main tray

●

Lift the main tray paper stack

The transmission has the following states:

●

Service sled (forward/reverse)

●

Pick (forward direction)/tray lift (reverse direction)

Printbar movement to a specic location releases the transmission lock, and enables the pick/service motor to select the transmission state. The general location of the transmission parts is in Figure 1-20 Transmission

components, rear view on page 31.

NOTE: The transmission components are behind the main PCA electronics and are diicult to access.

Figure 1-20 Transmission components, rear view

The printer will not function with the transmission in the main tray pick/main tray lift state if the service station has been manually capped.

Reusing caps or pushing the caps too far onto the printbar lift guide rods while servicing the printer can result in the transmission not shifting reliably.

ENWW Transmission system 31

Components

Service Station (PHSA)

Service Station Drive Shaft (PHSA)

Link Pivot Arm

Shift Swing Arm

Pick Shaft (LPP)

Lower Swing Arm

MT Lift Transmission (LPP)

Encoder PCA

Upper Swing Arm

Belt

Motor

Figure 1-21 Transmission main components

States

1. State 1–Main tray lift

●

Link pivot arm and shift swing arm in locked position

●

Upper swing arm down, engaged with lower swing arm

●

Lower swing arm down, engaged with main tray lift transmission

●

Printbar either up or down

2. State 1–Main tray pick

●

Link pivot arm and shift swing arm in locked position

●

Upper swing arm down, engaged with lower swing arm

●

Lower Swing arm up, engaged with pick shaft

●

Printbar either up or down

32 Chapter 1 Theory of operation ENWW

3. State 1–Mid - Switch

●

Link pivot arm and shift swing arm in unlocked position

●

Upper swing arm in mid switch position

●

Printbar in middle position

4. State 2–Service Station

●

Link pivot arm and shift swing arm in locked position

●

Upper swing arm up, engaged with service sled drive shaft

●

Printbar either up or down

ENWW Transmission system 33

Aerosol management system

Printbar

Platen

Duct

Duplex module

Absorbers

Spit

Roller

Aerosol filter

Aerosol blower

Service ink capture (in duplex module)

Paper

The aerosol management system consists of a fan module and lter box to keep ink aerosol from building up inside the printer. The following gure shows the service ink and aerosol capture system components.

Figure 1-22 Aerosol management process

In between pages, printed aerosol is drawn though the platen openings. Service ink travels directly through the platen, impacting and collecting on the spit roller. Aerosol from the service spitting is also collected via the same system. Service ink collects in the duplex module, and a porous lter element captures the aerosol as aerosol-laden air passes through it. The aerosol blower mounted to the lter housing creates the air motion (suction—lower pressure—in the print zone).

Most of printbar servicing ink (maintenance ink) is captured by the spit roller and scraped into the bottom of the bucket on the duplex module. The service ink spit roller is indexed slowly by the motion of paper though the printer, specically driven by the swingarm and turn-roller gear train, with power provided by the duplex motor.

The printer purges the printbar of its shipping uid at initial startup, and then absorbers in the base of the duplex module collect the uid. These absorbers allow much of the initial water to evaporate from the shipping uid over time. Also, they allow service ink coming into contact with the absorbers to leach some of their uids into them, assisting with drying and thickening of the sludge.

The blower remains active as long as the printbar is uncapped, and it continues to operate for a few seconds after capping is complete.

34 Chapter 1 Theory of operation ENWW

Figure 1-23 Aerosol management system components

Table 1-7 Aerosol management system components

Item Description

1 Blower

2 Aerosol lter housing

3 Duplex module/ink collection unit

4 Platen

ENWW Aerosol management system 35

Document feeder system (377/477/577/P57750 models)

Document feed system

This section describes the following:

●

Rollers and sensors in the document feeder

●

Document feeder operation

●

Deskew operation

The printer supports single-pass electronic duplexing (e-duplex) copy jobs. Two separate scan modules scan the front-side and back-side of an e-duplex copy job page in a single pass through the document feeder.

Rollers and sensors in the document feeder

The document feeder contains the following rollers and sensors:

Figure 1-24 Document feeder rollers and sensors

Table 1-8 Document feeder rollers and sensors

Item Description

1 Pre-pick Roller

2 Document ag

3 Separation roller

4 Pre-scan feed roller

5 Pre-scan pinch roller

6 TOF ag

7 E-duplex sensor

8 Post-scan feed roller

9 Post-scan pinch roller

10 Post-scan drive O-ring

11 Post-scan kicker roller

36 Chapter 1 Theory of operation ENWW

Document feeder operation

Following is the basic sequence of operation for a document feeder job:

Figure 1-25 Document feeder operation

1. When the original pages to be copied are loaded in the document feeder input tray, the document ag

(callout 1) activates (state switches to 1). A Document loaded message appears on the control panel. With this ag activated, the document feeder becomes the default copy or scan source. This ag remains activated until all pages feed through the document feeder.

2. When copy or scan is initiated, the pick system engages and begins feeding the rst page. The leading

edge of the page triggers the TOF ag (callout 2) (state switches to 1) and the page feeds through the scan-zone.

3. The atbed scan sensor collects the image of the front of the page. For duplex or two-sided scans, the

e-duplex scan sensor (callout 3) collects the scanned image of the back of the page. For a multiple-page document, the document ag (callout 1) remains triggered (state remains at 1).

4. The trailing edge of the rst page disengages the TOF ag (callout 2) (state switches to 0). The leading

edge of the next page engages the TOF ag (callout 2) (state switches to 1), initiating the scan of the second page. All of the originals feed through the document feeder with the leading and trailing edges of the pages engaging and disengaging the TOF ag in this manner.

5. When the last page feeds through the document feeder, the document ag (callout 1) disengages (state

switches to 0). This signals that the job is complete. After the TOF ag (callout 2) sees the last trailing edge (state switches to 0), the last sheet ejects, the pick system lifts, and the scan or copy job completes.

6. A pick failure occurs if the page doesn’t reach the TOF ag (callout 2) within a certain time frame. If this

failure occurs, the pick system will make two more attempts to pick the page before displaying a Reload original message on the control panel.

7. The TOF ag (callout 2) expects to see the trailing edge of the page within approximately 43.18 cm

(17 in) from the beginning of the page. If this does not happen, a document jam message displays on the control panel.

ENWW Document feeder system (377/477/577/P57750 models) 37

Deskew operation

Sliding side guides on the document feeder input tray ensure that the paper stack is correctly aligned at the center of the input tray when paper is loaded in the tray. The correct position of the loaded paper is parallel with the direction of travel into the document feeder paper path.

The document feeder further reduces paper skew due to improper loading of paper in the input tray by buckling the paper to create a paper buer.

The document feeder aligns the leading edge of the paper parallel with the deskew drive rollers before the paper is driven further into the document feeder paper path.

NOTE: If the page to be copied is smaller than the minimal sliding guide setting, do not use the document

feeder for the copy job. Attempting to copy too small of a page using the document feeder can result in document feeder jams and/or damage to the original page. Instead, use the atbed glass to copy the page.

Figure 1-26 Deskew operation

38 Chapter 1 Theory of operation ENWW

Scanning and image capture system (377/477/577/P57750 models)

The scanner is a carriage-type platen scanner that includes the frame, glass, scan module, and a scan control board (SCB). The scanner has a sensor to detect legal-sized paper and a switch to indicate when the document feeder is opened.

ENWW Scanning and image capture system (377/477/577/P57750 models) 39

Fax functions and operation (377/477/577/P57750 models)

The following sections describe the printer fax capabilities.

Computer and network security features

The printer can send and receive fax data over telephone lines that conform to public switch telephone network (PSTN) standards. The secure fax protocols make it impossible for computer viruses to be transferred from the telephone line to a computer or network.

The following printer features prevent virus transmission:

●

No direct connection exists between the fax line and any devices that are connected to the USB or Ethernet ports.

●

The internal rmware cannot be modied through the fax connection.

●

All fax communications go through the fax subsystem, which does not use Internet data-exchange protocols.

PSTN operation

The PSTN operates through a central oice (CO) that generates a constant voltage on the TIP and RING wires (usually 48 V). A device goes o-hook by connecting impedance (such as 600 ohms for the U.S.) across the TIP and RING so that a line current can ow. The CO can detect this current and send impulses like dial tones. The printer generates more signaling tones, such as dialing digits, to tell the CO how to connect the call. The printer can also detect tones, such as a busy tone from the CO, that tell it how to behave.

When the call is connected, the CO behaves like a wire connecting the sender and receiver. This is the period during which all of the fax signaling and data transfer occurs. When a call is completed, the circuit opens again and the line-current ow ceases, removing the CO connection from both the sender and the receiver.

On most phone systems, the TIP and RING signals appear on pins 3 and 4 of the RJ-11 modular jack (the one on the fax card, as dened in the common 6-wire RJ standard). These two signals do not have to be polarized because all the equipment works with TIP on one pin and RING on the other pin. This means that cables of either polarity can interconnect and still work.

These basic functions of PSTN operation are assumed in the design of the fax subsystem. The printer generates and detects the signaling tones, currents, and data signals that are required to transmit and receive faxes using the PSTN.

The fax subsystem

The formatter, fax card, rmware, and software all contribute to the printer fax functionality. The designs of the formatter and fax card, along with parameters in the rmware, determine the majority of the regulatory requirements for telephony on the printer.

The fax subsystem is designed to support V.34 fax transmission, medium speeds (such as V.17 fax), and the lower speeds of older fax machines.

Fax card in the fax subsystem

The fax card contains the modem chipset (DSP and CODEC) that controls the basic fax functions of tone generation and detection, along with channel control for fax transmissions. The CODEC and its associated circuitry act as the third-generation silicon data access arrangement (DAA) to comply with worldwide regulatory requirements.

40 Chapter 1 Theory of operation ENWW

Safety isolation

The fax card provides safety isolation between the high-voltage, transient-prone environment of the telephone network (TNV—telephone network voltage) and the low-voltage analog and digital circuitry of the formatter (SELV—secondary extra-low voltage). This safety isolation provides both customer safety and printer reliability in the telecom environment.

Any signals that cross the isolation barrier do so magnetically. The breakdown voltage rating of barriercritical components is greater than 5 kV.

Safety-protection circuitry

In addition to the safety barrier, the fax card protects against overvoltage and overcurrent events.

Telephone overvoltage events can be either dierential mode or common mode. The event can be transient in nature (a lightning-induced surge or ESD) or continuous (a power line crossed with a phone line). The fax card protection circuitry provides a margin of safety against combinations of overvoltage and overcurrent events.

Common mode protection is provided by the selection of high-voltage, barrier-critical components (transformer and relay). The safety barrier of the fax card PCA and the clearance between the fax card and surrounding components also contribute to common mode protection.

A voltage suppressor (a crowbar-type thyristor) provides dierential protection. This device becomes low impedance at approximately 300 V dierential, and crowbars to a low voltage.

Data path

TIP and RING are the two-wire paths for all signals from the telephone network. All signaling and data information comes across them, including fax tones and fax data.

The telephone network uses DC current to determine the hook state of the telephone, so line current must be present during a call. The silicon DAA provides a DC holding circuit to keep the line current constant during a fax call.

The silicon DAA converts the analog signal to a digital signal for DSP processing, and also converts the digital signal to an analog signal for transmitting data through a telephone line.

The magnetically coupled signals that cross the isolation barrier go through a transformer.

The DSP in the fax card communicates with the ASIC on the formatter using the high-speed serial interface.

Ring detect

Ring detect is performed by the line voltage monitoring module of the silicon DAA, and is a combination of voltage levels and cadence (time on and time o). Both must be present to detect a valid ring. The CODEC works with DSP and the rmware to determine if an incoming signal is an answerable ring.

Line current control

The DC current from the CO needs to have a path to ow from TIP to RING. The DC impedance emulation line modulator and DC termination modules in the silicon DAA act as a DC holding circuit, and work with the rmware to achieve the voltage-current characteristic between TIP and RING. The impedance (the currentvoltage characteristic) changes in correspondence to certain special events, such as pulse dialing or when the printer goes on-hook.

ENWW Fax functions and operation (377/477/577/P57750 models) 41

Fax page storage in ash memory

Fax pages are the electronic images of the document page. They can be created in one of three ways: scanned to be sent to another fax machine, generated to be sent by the computer, or received from a fax machine to be printed.

The printer automatically stores all fax pages in ash memory. After these pages are written into ash memory, they are stored until the pages are sent to another fax machine, printed on the printer, transmitted to the computer, or erased by the user.

These pages are stored in ash memory, which is the nonvolatile memory that can be repeatedly read from, written to, and erased. The printer has 512 MB of total settings, job storage and fax storage.

Advantages of ash memory storage

Fax pages that are stored in ash memory are persistent. They are not lost as a result of a power failure, no matter how long the power is o. Users can reprint faxes if an ink cartridge runs out of ink or the printer experiences other errors while printing faxes.

The printer also has scan-ahead functionality that makes use of ash memory. Scan-ahead automatically scans pages into ash memory before a fax job is sent. This allows the sender to pick up the original document immediately after it is scanned, eliminating the need to wait until the fax transmission is complete.

Because fax pages are stored in ash memory rather than RAM, more RAM is available to handle larger and more complicated copy and print jobs.

ash memory, shared between rmware, customer

42 Chapter 1 Theory of operation ENWW

2 Solve problems

●

Restore the factory-set defaults

●

Menu access

●

Perform tap tests and interpret results

●

Troubleshooting owchart

●

Front-panel error codes

●

Control-panel messages

●

Error-related symptoms

●

Check symptoms

ENWW 43

Restore the factory-set defaults

CAUTION: Restoring the factory-set defaults returns all of the printer and network settings to the factory

defaults, and it also clears the fax header name, phone number, and any stored faxes in the printer memory. This procedure also clears the fax phone book, and deletes any pages that are stored in the memory. The procedure then automatically restarts the printer.

1. On the control panel home screen, touch the Setup button, and then touch the Setup button again

to open the Setup menu.

2. Select Tools, and then touch Restore Factory Defaults.

3. Select Yes.

The printer automatically restarts.

Menu access

These hidden engineering menus are used for testing and calibration. Some or all of them are referenced in remove and replace sections as required.

WARNING! Misuse of these menus might damage the printer or make it unusable.

44 Chapter 2 Solve problems ENWW

Menu access on monochrome control panels

1 2 4

8 67

These hidden engineering menus are used for testing and calibration. Some or all of them are referenced in remove and replace sections as required.

WARNING! Misuse of these menus might damage the printer or make it unusable.

Item Description

1 Home button: Return to the power-on Home screen.

2 Up arrow button: Navigate the menus.

3 Down arrow button: Navigate the menus.

4 Help button: Open the printer help system.

5 Wireless button: Open the Wireless Setup menu.

6 HP ePrint button: Activate or deactivate the HP ePrint features.

7 OK button: Conrm the selected item.

8 Ink cartridge fuel gauges: View the estimated cartridge ink levels.

9 ATM button: Function dened by the rmware. Usually used to cancel a request.

10 Back button: Return to the previous screen.

Access the Engineering menu

Press the Home button.

2. Press the Back button.

Press the Home button twice to enter the Engineering menu.

NOTE: The Service menu is accessed from the Engineering menu.

Access the Support menu

▲

Press the Back button four times to enter the Support menu.

NOTE: The Support menu is usually used by HP call center agents for assisting customers.

ENWW Menu access 45

Place the printer into MFG (manufacturing) mode

NOTE: This mode is to be used only by authorized service providers. It should never be accessed by the end

user.

1. Press and hold the Up and Down buttons together while plugging in the printer until the control-

panel displays MFG mode.

2. Press the power button to enter MFG (on) mode.

46 Chapter 2 Solve problems ENWW

Menu access on color control panels

1 2 4

6 5

These hidden engineering menus are used for testing and calibration. Some or all of them are referenced in remove and replace sections as required.

WARNING! Misuse of these menus might damage the printer or make it unusable.

NOTE: These buttons are not illuminated until they are touched with suicient pressure. Locate these

buttons by sweeping your nger over the general areas.

Item Description

1 Home button: Return to the power-on Home screen.

2 Setup button: Open the Setup menu.

3 Network button: Open the Network Setup menu.

4 Wireless button: Open the Wireless Setup menu.

5 NFC button: Connect to the printer via the near eld communication (NFC) protocol.

6 Back button: Return to the previous screen.

7 Help button: Open the printer help system.

Access the Engineering menu

Touch the Home button.

2. Touch the Back button.

Touch the Home button twice to enter the Engineering menu.

NOTE: The Service menu is accessed from the Engineering menu.

Access the Support Menu

Touch the Back button four times consecutively to open the Support Menu.

NOTE: The Support Menu is usually used by HP call center agents for assisting customers.

ENWW Menu access 47

Place the printer into MFG (manufacturing) mode

NOTE: These two modes are ONLY to be used by authorized service providers. They should NEVER be

accessed by the end user.

1. Press and hold the power button while plugging in the printer. The HP logo appears on the printer

control panel, and then disappears. Continue to hold the power button for ve seconds after the logo disappears.

2. Release the power button.

Touch the Home button.

4. Touch the Back button.

Touch the Home button twice.

After a new screen appears, touch the Home button again to enter MFG (o) mode.

7. Press the power button to enter MFG (on) mode.

48 Chapter 2 Solve problems ENWW

Perform tap tests and interpret results

Perform a tap test

1. Open the Engineering Menu. See Menu access on monochrome control panels on page 45 or Menu

access on color control panels on page 47.

2. Open the Manufacturing Menu.

3. Open the Reports Menu.

4. Open the Print-mech tap tests menu.

5. Select the tap test to run.

10 tap test results (OOBE states)

The printed tap test results contain a sequence of numbers at line number 68, "Startup Complete," of the printed report.

Use the following table to interpret these numbers.

Table 2-1 10 tap test results, row 69

Column Code Acceptable values

Column 1 DSID_PEN_PRINTER_STARTUP_BITS A value of 1 indicates that the printbar has been started up. This

means that shipping uid has been removed from the printbar and replaced with ink. This is the expected state for a printer after initialization.

Column 2 DSID_OOBE_STATE 255–OOBE messaging complete.

Column 3 DSID_INK_SUPPLY_OOBE_COMPELTE 1–SHF purge is complete and service wipes have been enabled.

Column 4 DSID_CAL_OOBE_STATE A value of 2 means that the OOBE printed calibrations are

complete.

A value of 1 means the OOBE printed calibrations are in progress

A value of 0 means the OOBE printed calibration does not exist so no printing/calibration for OOBE is attempted.

Column 5 DSID_IQ_LIST_INDEX A value of 3 means that pen height and beam center have been

completed, and that BDD is scheduled (or pending) to perform normally.

ENWW Perform tap tests and interpret results 49

69. Startup complete: 1 255 1 2 0

50 Chapter 2 Solve problems ENWW

12 tap test results (REDI sensor values)

Table 2-2 12 tap test report

Callout Report area Item Acceptable values

1 Print Humidity Sensor Data Stable Relative Humidity 0–100 RH

2 Pen TSR Ambient Temperature

Estimate

3 Digital Temperature Sensor Ambient

Temperature

4 Print REDI Sensor Calibration Data

5 Print REDI Sensor Calibration Data

“M” is mirror result, “P” is blocked with paper.

Pen TSR Ambient Temperature x10 °C ± 10 °C of current ambient

temperature

Digital Temperature Sensor Ambient Temperature x10 °C

TOF sensor, p value

TOF sensor, m value

± 10 °C of current ambient temperature

Between 10 and 100

Between 25 and 380

ENWW Perform tap tests and interpret results 51

Stable Relative Humidity: 22

----------------Print TSR Ambient Temperature Estimate-------------Pen TSR Ambient Temperature x10C: 170

----------Digital Temperature Sensor Ambient Temperature--------Digital Temperature Sensor Ambient Temperature x10 C: 278

----------------Print REDI Sensor Calibration Data---------------------TOF sensor, p value: 57 TOF sensor m value: 308

52 Chapter 2 Solve problems ENWW

61 tap results (Align and color calibrations)

= Color scale (factory) : = dia: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 = K: 0x7eec 0x7f3c 0x8265 0x8280 0x8215 0x8070 0x7fcf 0x804b 0x7cea 0x7d65 = C: 0x7d51 0x7fbo 0x8063 0x81b5 0x80c5 0x81a1 0x7fc5 0x80ed 0x7dea 0x7fe6 = M: 0x7d51 0x7fbo 0x8063 0x81b5 0x80c5 0x81a1 0x7fc5 0x80ed 0x7dea 0x7fe6 = Y: 0x7d51 0x7fbo 0x8063 0x81b5 0x80c5 0x81a1 0x7fc5 0x80ed 0x7dea 0x7fe6

= K: 0x7eec 0x7f3c 0x8265 0x8280 0x8215 0x8070 0x7fcf 0x804b 0x7cea 0x7d65 = C: 0x7d51 0x7fbo 0x8063 0x81b5 0x80c5 0x81a1 0x7fc5 0x80ed 0x7dea 0x7fe6 = M: 0x7d51 0x7fbo 0x8063 0x81b5 0x80c5 0x81a1 0x7fc5 0x80ed 0x7dea 0x7fe6 = Y: 0x7d51 0x7fbo 0x8063 0x81b5 0x80c5 0x81a1 0x7fc5 0x80ed 0x7dea 0x7fe6

= Color scale (factory): = dia: 0 4 5 6 8 97312

NOTE: While holding the up arrow , if you slightly shift your nger upward, the count will increment by 10

until the count reaches 100, and then the count will increment by 100.

An acceptable 61 tap test has identical values for the parameters in the “Color scale (factory)” (1) and “Color scale (current)” (2) on the printed report areas. “Color scale (factory)” and “Color scale (current)” will be identical after a main PCA replacement, but may not be the same under other conditions. The values should also be identical after a printbar replacement.

ENWW Perform tap tests and interpret results 53

909 tap test results (BDD status)

Cal OOBB is complete, state=2, OT:220, QA:218, A:335

Drop Detect is operating

NOTE: While holding the up arrow , if you slightly shift your nger upward, the count will increment by 10

until the count reaches 100, and then the count will increment by 100.

An acceptable 909 tap test has the following values:

●

Drop Detect is operating (1)

●

Cal OOBE is complete state=2 (2)

54 Chapter 2 Solve problems ENWW

Verify that the pig tails have an adequate seal

1. Open the Engineering Menu. See Menu access on monochrome control panels on page 45 or Menu

access on color control panels on page 47.

2. Open the following menus:

●

Service Menu

●

Special Reports

●

Print Mech Button Tap

3. Test for low-pressure leaks by running the 378 tap test and verifying that there are no leaks.

4. Test for medium-pressure leaks by running the 379 tap test and verifying that there are no leaks.

5. Test for normal-pressure leaks by running the 380 tap test and verifying that there are no leaks.

6. Print a Printer Status Report.

7. Ensure that the service sled is aligned with the arrows, and then perform a 21 tap test. Verify that the

service sled moves smoothly, and that once it caps the printbar, that the cap is level and aligned correctly.

8. Turn the printer o using the power button, and then unplug the printer.

IMPORTANT: You must install a new duplex module before calibration/initialization.

ENWW Perform tap tests and interpret results 55

Troubleshooting owchart

Use the troubleshooting owchart to pinpoint the root cause of hardware malfunctions. The owchart guides you to the section of this chapter that contains steps for correcting the malfunction.

Before beginning any troubleshooting procedure, check the following issues:

●

Are supply items within their rated life?

●

Does the conguration page reveal any conguration errors?

NOTE: The customer is responsible for checking supplies and for using supplies that are in good condition.

This owchart highlights the general processes that you can follow to quickly isolate and solve printer hardware problems.

Each row depicts a major troubleshooting step. A “yes” answer to a question allows you to proceed to the next major step. A “no” answer indicates that more testing is needed. Go to the appropriate section in this chapter, and follow the instructions there. After completing the instructions, go to the next major step in this troubleshooting owchart.

Table 2-3 Troubleshooting owchart

Power and electronics

Control panel messages

Information pages

Image quality

Paper handling

Interface

Is the printer on and does a readable message display?

Yes

Does the normal operational messaging display on the control panel?

Yes

Open the menu and print the conguration pages to verify that all the accessories are installed.

Are all the accessories installed?

Yes

Does the print quality meet the customer's requirements?

Yes

Is the customer experiencing paper-handling problems?

Yes

Can the customer print successfully from the host computer?

Yes. This is the end of the troubleshooting process.

Follow the power-on troubleshooting checks.

After the control panel display is functional, see step 2.

After the errors have been corrected, go to step 3.

If accessories that are installed are not listed on the conguration page, remove the accessory and reinstall it.

After evaluating the conguration pages, see step 4.

Compare the images with the sample defects in Table 2-6 Print quality

defect examples on page 75.

After the print-quality is acceptable, see step 5.

See Solve paper handling problems on page 96.

When the paper handling issues have been resolved, see step 6.

Verify that all I/O cables are connected correctly and that a valid IP address is listed on the Embedded Web Server or on the printer's control panel.

If error messages display on the control panel when you try to print an event log, see Control-panel messages on page 60.

When the customer can print from the host computer, this is the end of the troubleshooting process.

56 Chapter 2 Solve problems ENWW

Front-panel error codes

The following front-panel error codes indicate the current printer status or situations that might require action.

NOTE: If you encounter an error code that isn’t in this list, then you will likely have to return the printer for

service.

NOTE: Go to Services Access Workbench (SAW) at http://h41302.www4.hp.com/km/saw/home.do for the

latest version of this document, which may include updates to the following table.

Front-panel error code

0xC6FDxx02 No pen IO

0xC6FDxx03 Incorrect pen IO

0xC6FDxx04 Pen WDOG fault

0xC6FDxx05

0xC6FDxx06 Unrecognized pen type

0xC6FDxx07 Pen LVDS error

0xC6FDxx08 Pen ID invalid

0xC6FDxx09 Pen ID bit ipped

0xC6FDxx10 Pen bad DSTR

0xC6FDxx11

0xC6FDxx12 Pen TSR fault

0xC6FDxx13 Pen stuck, cold

0xC6FDxx14 Pen not heating

0xC6FDxx15 Pen too cold

0xC714xx20 Pen VDD short low

Description Remote Onsite

0xC714xx21 Pen VDD short high

0xC714xx22 Pen VDD expected on

0xC714xx23 Pen VPP init short low

0xC714xx24 Pen VPP short low

0xC714xx25 Pen VPP short init high

0xC714xx26 Pen VPP short high

0xC714xx27 Pen VPP short test out of

range low

0xC714xx28 Pen VPP short test out of

range high

0xC6FDxx15 Pen too cold

6100000B Service station pen too

cold

ENWW Front-panel error codes 57

Front-panel error code

Description Remote Onsite

6100000C Service Station Home

Failure

6100000D Service station cap home

long

6100000E Service station cap home

short

61000010 Service station stall on

interlock engage

61000011 Service sled restricted

movement service error

61000012 Lift restricted movement

service error

61000013 Carriage restricted

movement service error

61000017 Printbar transmission

state error

6100001E Paper motor thermal error

6100001F Duplex motor thermal

error

61000020 Output motor thermal

error

6100002D Paper load tray 1 pick

motor

6100002E Paper load pick tire index

sensor

61000035 Printbar clutch slippage

6100004E Pen startup spits already

done

610000C4 Service wipe pens away

from cap motor

610000C7 Service wipe pens toward

cap motor

610000C8 Service move to

transmission state

610000D2 DPU service station

unlimited move

610000D3 DPU printbar crash into

service station

610000C9 Service carriage home

invalid

610000D4 DPU printbar under service

station

83C00024 Invalid rmware upgrade

58 Chapter 2 Solve problems ENWW

Front-panel error code

Description Remote Onsite

C18A000A The spittoon level is too

C4EBAxxx Internal bus error

C4E81xxx

C4E0Dxxx

All other C4Exxxxx errors

C7140024 VPP power short detected

C8190012

C8190014

E8190Cxx

E8191Cxx

full during OOBE. The printer may be attempting a second OOBE.

Internal bus error

ENWW Front-panel error codes 59

Control-panel messages

WARNING! Whenever turning the printer o for servicing, wait 5 seconds, and then remove the power cord

before attempting to service the printer. If this warning is not followed, severe injury can result, in addition to damage to the printer.

NOTE: Go to Services Access Workbench (SAW) at http://h41302.www4.hp.com/km/saw/home.do for the

latest version of this document, which may include updates to the following table.

Message Description Remote Onsite

Non-HP ink cartridges installed

Used or Counterfeit Cartridge Detected

Counterfeit Cartridge Advisory

Used, Relled or Counterfeit Cartridge Detected

Use SETUP cartridges The printer needs the setup ink

Do not use SETUP cartridges The setup cartridges that came

This printer is not designed to use continuous ink systems.

To resume printing, remove continuous ink system and install original HP (or compatible) cartridges.

The printer has detected a nonHP cartridge or cartridges.

The printer has detected a relled or counterfeit cartridge.

The printer has detected a possibly counterfeit cartridge.

cartridges that came with the printer to perform the initial setup process.

with the printer cannot be used after the printer has been initialized.

The printer has detected a continuous ink system.

Incompatible Cartridges

The indicated cartridges are not intended for use in this printer.

Service Motor Stall

Ink cartridge problem The printer has detected that a

Empty Ink Cartridge

Startup Routine Ink Alert The cartridge indicated might

The cartridge or cartridges in the printer are not appropriate for the printer. The cartridge type, size or the model of cartridge may not be correct.

cartridge is missing or damaged.

not have enough ink to complete the printer startup process.

60 Chapter 2 Solve problems ENWW

Message Description Remote Onsite

HP Protected Cartridge Installed

Ink Sensor Failure The printer ink sensor has

Ink Sensor Warning This message can occur when

Low on ink The ink level in the indicated

Very low on ink The ink level in the indicated

Ink Cartridges Depleted

Problem with SETUP cartridges

The printer has detected cartridges that were locked in another printer using the HP Cartridge Protection feature. Cartridges locked in another printer will not work in this printer.

failed and the printer no longer prints.

using a relled ink cartridge or when the ink sensor has failed.

cartridge has reached a low level.

cartridge has reached a very low level.

The printer has detected a problem with the setup cartridges, which prevents the printer from completing the initialization process during initial installation.

Problem with Printer Preparation

Preparing printer... The Preparing printer...

Paper Jam <Location> The printer has experienced a

Paper too short The printer cannot print on

Main Tray 2 Missing or Open The printer cannot detect the

The Problem with Printer Preparation message can

occur due to the following conditions:

●

The printer clock has failed and ink preparation might not be complete.

●

The Estimated Ink Level gauge might be inaccurate.

message can occur frequently, for example with every other printed page.

paper jam. Printing cannot continue until the jam has been cleared.

paper smaller than 12.5 cm (4.9 in) in length.

tray.

ENWW Control-panel messages 61

Message Description Remote Onsite

Service Ink Capacity Warning The maintenance ink container

on the duplex module is full or almost full. This can cause print quality issues (smearing).

Replace the duplex module, and then reset the service ink detection mechanism.

Automatic Document Feeder cover open

Paper Jam in Automatic Document Feeder

Accessory Tray 3 Missing or Open

Add Paper to Multi-Purpose Tray

ADF Misfeed The printer has detected a

Ink cartridge failure The printer has detected

Printer Supply Upgrade The printer has detected an

The document feeder cover is open.

The printer has detected a jam in the document feeder.

The printer cannot detect the tray.

The printer cannot detect paper in Tray 1.

failure to feed paper through the document feeder.

damage to one or more ink cartridges.

upgrade cartridge.

Printer Supply Upgrade Problem

Previously used genuine HP cartridges installed

Duplex Module Missing The printer cannot detect the

Close Left Door The left door is open.

Close Ink Access Door The ink cartridge door is open.

Clear Output Area The printer has detected a jam

Tray 2 Out of Paper The printer cannot detect paper

Tray 3 Out of Paper The printer cannot detect paper

Tray 3 Door Open The jam access door on the

Tray 4 Out of Paper The printer cannot detect paper

Tray 4 Door Open The jam access door on the

A supply upgrade failed.

The printer has detected a used cartridge or cartridges.

duplex module.

in the output area.

in the tray.

right side of accessory Tray 3 is open or shut incorrectly.

in the tray.

right side of accessory Tray 4 is open or shut incorrectly.

62 Chapter 2 Solve problems ENWW

Message Description Remote Onsite

Paper type mismatch The paper type detected by the

printer does not match the type selected in the software.

Paper type mismatch The paper size detected by the

printer does not match the size selected in the software.

Paper too short to autoduplex

The paper in the printer does not meet the minimum size requirements for automatic two-sided printing (duplexing).

ENWW Control-panel messages 63

Error-related symptoms

Symptom Remote solution Onsite solution

The printer does not pick up paper The printer does not pick up paper from

the input tray.

See The printer does not pick up paper

on page 97.

The printer picks up multiple sheets of paper at once

Product states that the tray is empty, even though it has paper

Paper jam in Tray 2 See Clear jams in Tray 2 on page 105. See Clear jams in Tray 2 on page 105.

Print zone jam See Print zone jams on page 100. See Print zone jams on page 100.

Generic paper jam error See Resolve paper jam issues

Clear output tray error See Clear jams in the output bin

Output motor stall See Output motor stall on page 101. See Output motor stall on page 101.

Output ap won't retract (no obstacle to prevent it)

Paper jams continuously Paper continues to jam after jam is cleared.

See The printer picks up multiple sheets of

paper on page 97.

See The printer states that a paper tray is

empty, even though it has paper on page 97.

on page 102.

on page 110.

See Output ap won't retract - no obstacle

to prevent it on page 101.

See Frequent jams in the paper path

(onsite solutions) on page 99.

See The printer does not pick up paper

on page 97.

See The printer picks up multiple sheets of

paper on page 97.

See The printer states that a paper tray is

empty, even though it has paper on page 97.

See General paper jams issues (onsite

solutions) on page 99.

See Output tray jam errors (onsite

solutions) on page 99.

See Output ap won't retract - no obstacle

to prevent it on page 101.

See Frequent jams in the paper path

(onsite solutions) on page 99.

64 Chapter 2 Solve problems ENWW

Check symptoms

Power and electronics

If a printer status page can be printed, see Solve connectivity problems on page 113. If the printer's power does not come on, or a printer status page cannot be printed, use the following steps to troubleshoot:

Verify that the printer power is on

1. Make sure that the printer is plugged in and turned on and the cables are all connected correctly. The

power button should be lit with a green light. If it is not, press the power button. It should an amber color, and then change to green once it is ready. If the power button does not light up, check the following conditions:

●

Make sure that the power cable is connected to the printer and the outlet.

●

Check the power source by connecting the power cable to a dierent outlet.

●

If the power button is still not lit with an amber light when the power button is pressed, then the power supply is likely faulty. Replace the power supply.

NOTE: In rare cases, this symptom can also be caused by a faulty main PCA.

2. If the amber light does come on, then the power supply is operating correctly. After pushing the power

button, if the green power light does not glow, check the following:

rst glow with

●

3. If the printer motors do not rotate, make sure that the ink cartridges are installed and that the doors are

all closed. The control panel displays messages to indicate these problems.

4. If the printer powers up, but the front panel does not work, check the following:

●

Test the control panel

1. Open the Engineering Menu. See Access the Engineering menu on page 45 for information accessing the

Engineering menu.

2. Select the Service menu.

3. Select Service tests.

4. Run the following tests:

●

There is one green LED on the main PCA that ashes when the processors are operating correctly. If this LED is not ashing, then the main PCA is probably faulty.

In rare cases, the power button assembly might be defective.

Try printing a document. If the printer can print, then the control panel or control-panel FFC might be defective.

If the printer doesn’t print, then the main PCA might be defective.

Test Keys

●

Test LEDs

5. If any of these tests fail, or if the control-panel FFC is damaged, replace the control panel.

6. Restart the printer after performing these tests, even if the tests pass successfully.

ENWW Check symptoms 65

Check the network connections

1. Check the light next to the network connection on the printer. If the network is active, the light is green.

2. Make sure that you are using a network cable and not a phone cord to connect to the network.

3. Make sure that the network router, hub, or switch is turned on and that it is working correctly.

4. Verify the port settings:

a. From the list of printers on your computer, right-click the name of this printer, click Properties, and

click the Ports tab.

b. If you are using a network cable to connect to the network, make sure that the printer name listed

on the Ports tab matches the printer name on the conguration page.

c. If you are using a USB cable and are connecting to a wireless network, make sure that the box is

checked next to Virtual printer port for USB.

5. If you are using a personal rewall system on the computer, it might be blocking communication with

the printer. Try temporarily disabling the rewall to see if it is the source of the problem.

6. If your computer or the printer is connected to a wireless network, low signal quality or interference

might be delaying print jobs.

The printer prints slowly

If the printer prints but it seems slow, try the following solutions:

1. Make sure that the computer meets the minimum specications for this printer. For a list of

specications, go to this Web site: www.hp.com/support.

2. If the paper type setting is not correct for the type of paper you are using, change the setting to the

correct paper type.

3. If your computer or the printer is connected to a wireless network, low signal quality or interference

might be delaying print jobs.

4. If the printer is in an environment that experiences high humidity, low temperatures, or both conditions,

the print speed might be aected.

66 Chapter 2 Solve problems ENWW

Solve print quality problems

Print quality troubleshooting owchart

Table 2-4 Print quality troubleshooting owchart

Are genuine HP cartridges being used?

Is HP ColorLok paper being used?

Are the print settings correct?

Print a Print Quality Page

Use genuine HP cartridges

CAUTION: The use of non-HP ink cartridges might damage the printer printhead.

HP recommends that you use genuine HP cartridges. HP cannot guarantee the quality or reliability of nonHP cartridges or relled HP cartridges. If you are not using genuine HP cartridges, the following solutions might not resolve your print quality issue.

Genuine HP cartridges must be used for best results. Replace any non-HP cartridges.

Yes

HP ColorLok paper must be used for best results Replace non-HP ColorLok

Yes

The print settings must be set correctly for the paper type being used.

Yes

The print quality page can help identify causes of print quality problems.

See Use genuine HP cartridges

on page 67 for more

information.

paper. See Use HP ColorLok

Paper on page 69.

Correct the print settings. See

Use the correct print settings on page 70.

See Diagnose print quality

problems using the print quality page on page 74.

Determine if you are using genuine HP cartridges

Use the HP embedded Web server (EWS) to view the ink cartridge information

1. Open the printer EWS, click on the Tools tab, and then select Cartridge Level Gauge.

2. In the Installed Cartridges area, genuine HP ink usage is indicated by the following:

●

In the Part Number row, the ink cartridge part numbers begin with the letters “HP”.

●

The Type row contains an HP logo.

●

The HP row has the value “1”.

NOTE: A value of “1” in the Use row indicates non-HP ink usage.

Use the printer status report to view the ink cartridge information

1. Print a printer status report.

2. Genuine HP ink usage is indicated by the following:

ENWW Check symptoms 67

●

43. USE: 0 0 0 0

45. HP: 1 1 1 1

48. NHIO: 0 0 0 0

49. IRO: 0 0 0 0

43. USE:

0 0

45. HP: 1 1 1

48. NHIO: 0 0 0

49. IRO:

0 0 0

Line 43 Use: the value for this line should be 0. A value of 1 indicates that a non HP supply is installed. This eld is reset with each supply change.

●

Line 45 HP: the value for this line should be 1. A value of 1 indicates that an HP supply is installed. A value of 0 indicates that a non-HP supply is installed. This eld is reset with each supply change.

●

Line 48 NHIO: the value for this eld should be 0 or 00. If the value for this item is not 0 or 00, then a non-HP ink cartridge has been installed in the printer but not necessarily used. This eld is persistent, and not reset.

●

Line 49 IRO: the value for this eld should be 0 or 00. If the value for this item is not 0 or 00, then a, non-HP ink cartridge has been installed in the printer and the user the non-HP ink. This eld is persistent, and not reset.

Figure 2-1 Printer status report—determining genuine HP ink usage

conrmed the message to use

68 Chapter 2 Solve problems ENWW

Use HP ColorLok Paper

Based on HP internal testing using a range of plain papers, HP highly recommends using papers with the ColorLok® logo for this printer. For details, go to www.hp.com/go/printpermanence.

If HP ColorLok paper is unavailable, see Use paper that meets HP specications on page 70

ENWW Check symptoms 69

Use paper that meets HP specications

Use dierent paper if you are having any of the following problems:

●

The printing is too light or seems faded in areas.

●

Specks of ink are on the printed pages.

●

Ink is smearing on the printed pages.

●

Printed characters seem misformed.

●

Printed pages are curled.

Always use a paper type and weight that this printer supports. In addition, follow these guidelines when selecting paper:

●

Use paper that is of good quality and free of cuts, nicks, tears, spots, loose particles, dust, wrinkles, voids, staples, and curled or bent edges.

●

Use paper that has not been previously printed on.

●

Use paper that is designed for use in inkjet printers.

●

Use paper that is not too rough. Using smoother paper generally results in better print quality.

Use the correct print settings

Use the correct paper type setting in the print driver

Check the paper type setting if you are having any of the following problems:

●

Ink is smearing on the printed pages.

●

Repeated marks occur on the printed pages.

●

Printed pages are curled.

●

Printed pages have small unprinted areas.

Change the paper type and size setting for Windows

1. From a software program that has the Print feature available, click on the File menu, and then click

Print.

2. Select the printer, and then click the Properties or Preferences button.

3. Click the Paper/Quality tab.

4. From the Paper type drop-down list, click the More... option.

5. Expand the list of Type is: options.

6. Expand each category of paper types until you nd the paper type that you are using.

7. Select the option for the type of paper you are using, and click the OK button.

70 Chapter 2 Solve problems ENWW

Change the paper type and size setting for Mac

1. On the menu in the software program, click the File option.

2. Select a size from the Paper Size drop-down list.

3. Open the Paper/Quality menu.

4. Select a type from the Media Type drop-down list.

5. Click the Print button.

Adjust color

Manage color by changing the settings on the Color tab (Windows) and Color Options tab (Mac) in the print driver.

If the customer is using the correct print settings, and good quality paper, check the environmental conditions. If the printer is in a location that is very cold, or humid, there might be a failure in the temperature/humidity sensor. If the customer is not happy with the following solution, then check the sensors, and replace if necessary. The sensors status is displayed on the 12 tap test page. See 12 tap test

results (REDI sensor values) on page 51.

NOTE: The HP EasyColor check box appears only in the PCL6 print driver. It is not available in the universal

print drivers.

Change the color theme for a print job

1. On the File menu in the software program, click Print.

2. Click Properties or Preferences (Windows).

3. Click the Color tab (Windows) or Color Options tab (Mac) and uncheck HP EasyColor.

4. Select a color theme from the Color Themes (Windows) or RGB Color (Mac) drop-down list.

ENWW Check symptoms 71

●

Default (sRGB): This theme sets the printer to print RGB data in raw device mode. When using this theme, manage color in the software program or in the operating system for correct rendering.

●

Photo (sRGB): The printer interprets RGB color as if it were printed as a photograph using a digital mini lab. The printer renders deeper, more saturated colors dierently than with the Default (sRBG) theme. Use this theme when printing photos.

●

Photo (Adobe RGB 1998): Use this theme with printing digital photos that use the AdobeRGB color space rather than sRGB. Turn o color management in the software program when using this theme.

●

Vivid (sRGB): The printer increases the color saturation in the midtones. Use this theme when printing business graphics.

●

None: No color theme is used.

Change print settings for wet, over-saturated, or ragged edge print output

The method can only be used in the PCL6 print driver.

NOTE: The need to use this functionality should be rare. Be sure to check the following rst:

That the customer is using good quality paper with the correct settings. This is by far the largest cause of this symptom.

Determine if the printer operating in a cold or humid environment.

If the printer is operating in extreme environmental conditions, check the temperature and humidity sensors. The current values can be found in the 12 tap report. If the values don’t match the conditions, then the faulty sensor should be replaced. The humidity sensor is mounted on the main PCA, so in that case, the main PCA will need to be replaced.

1. On the Printing Preferences tab click the Advanced tab.

2. Click the Ink Settings button.

●

Increase the Dry Time setting to help resolve the following issues:

◦

Roller tracking

◦

Ink smearing

◦

Starwheel tracking

NOTE: Increasing the Dry Time setting will slow down the overall printing process. Changing the

Dry Time setting is most eective when using plain paper.

●

Decrease the Saturation setting to help resolve the following issues:

◦

Roller tracking

◦

Ink smearing

◦

Starwheel tracking

NOTE: Decreasing the Saturation setting might cause fading in the printed output. Changing the

Saturation setting is most eective when using brochure or photo paper.

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●

The Saturation setting determines how much ink is used to achieve the print job. This setting is a value in the range of -2 to 2. The default setting is 0. Increasing Saturation setting might make images look more vibrant.

●

The Black Ink Spread setting can help control ink spread or wicking on dierent types of media. This setting can be changed to one of the following values:

◦

Default: This value is the default black ink spread setting.

◦

Less: This value sets the ink spread at about halfway between Default and Least.

◦

Least: This value imposes the most control on black ink spread.

Decreasing the Black Ink Spread will improve areas where black and color are adjacent if the black is spreading into the adjacent color.

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Diagnose print quality problems using the print quality page

Print and interpret the print quality page

1. Load the printer with regular, unused white paper.

2. On the control panel home screen, touch the Setup button, and then touch the Setup button again

to open the Setup menu.

3. Open the Reports menu.

4. Select the Print Quality Report item to print it.

This page contains four bands of color, which are divided into the groups as indicated in the following illustration. By examining each group, you can isolate the problem to a particular ink cartridge.

Table 2-5 Print Quality Page ink cartridge identication

Section Ink cartridge

1 Yellow

2 Magenta

3 Cyan

4 Black

TIP: Mark this page with a “1” in a corner. If you clean the printhead later, you will want to keep track of

which page was printed rst, in order to note any progress.

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In general, if the ink system is working correctly, all the color bars are present and not streaked. Each bar has three distinct shades, but otherwise the color should not vary across the bar. The bars should also be evenly lined up. The black text on the page should not show ink streaks.

The following table shows some representative examples of defects on the print quality report.

Table 2-6 Print quality defect examples

Defect/action to take Example

Large sections of wrong or missing color

Troubleshooting large sections of wrong or missing color on page 80.

Small sections of wrong or missing color

Troubleshooting small sections of wrong or missing color on page 81

ENWW Check symptoms 75

Table 2-6 Print quality defect examples (continued)

Defect/action to take Example

Streaks across entire page with multiple colors improving down the page

Troubleshooting streaks across entire pages with multiple colors improving down the page on page 82

Color mix

Troubleshooting color mix on page 83

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Table 2-6 Print quality defect examples (continued)

Defect/action to take Example

Streaks across entire page with multiple colors consistent down the page

Troubleshooting streaks across entire page with multiple colors consistent down the page on page 84

Streaks in yellow

Troubleshooting streaks in yellow on page 85

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Table 2-6 Print quality defect examples (continued)

Defect/action to take Example

Ink smear

Troubleshooting ink smear on page 86

Image stretched vertically

Troubleshooting image stretched vertically on page 87

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Table 2-6 Print quality defect examples (continued)

Defect/action to take Example

Vertical white bands on one color

Troubleshooting vertical white bands on one color on page 88

Columns of misaligned print

Replace the printer.

Print quality defect diagnostic tools

Follow these instructions to perform the tasks outlined in the following owcharts.

Print a Print Quality Report

1. Open the Support Menu. See Menu access on monochrome control panels on page 45 or Menu access on

color control panels on page 47.

2. Open the Reports Menu

3. Scroll to and select Print Quality Report, and then press OK.

Print a Printer Status Report

1. Open the Support Menu. See Menu access on monochrome control panels on page 45 or Menu access on

color control panels on page 47.

2. Open the Reports Menu

3. Scroll to and select Printer Status Report, and then press OK.

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Perform a 21 tap test

1. Open the Support Menu. See Menu access on monochrome control panels on page 45 or Menu access on

color control panels on page 47.

2. Open the Reports Menu

3. Scroll to and select Print-mech button tap, and then press OK.

4. Press the up arrow until code = 21 displays, and then press OK.

Troubleshooting large sections of wrong or missing color

NOTE: A non-recoverable defect is caused by air in the printbar and the printbar must be replaced. A

recoverable defect is caused by a singular event and this issue should not reoccur.

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Troubleshooting small sections of wrong or missing color

NOTE: Light and dark lines less severe than those shown in this owchart might be the result of alignment

issues. If the defect is not recoverable, it might be a result of external contaminants on the UPG Shims or internal contaminants in the nozzles. If the defect is recoverable, it is caused by external contaminants on the die, and this issue should not reoccur.

ENWW Check symptoms 81

Troubleshooting streaks across entire pages with multiple colors improving down the page

NOTE: Defects that are not recoverable or continue to reoccur might be the result of a mechanical defect,

such as a broken sled. If the defect is recoverable and does not reoccur, it might be the result of the printer being left uncapped.

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Troubleshooting color mix

NOTE: If the defect clears, it might be caused by external contamination and should not reoccur. If the

defect is not recoverable, or if it repeats, it might be the result of a printbar defect.

ENWW Check symptoms 83

Troubleshooting streaks across entire page with multiple colors consistent down the page

NOTE: If the defect is not recoverable, the web might not be advancing, or the service sled might require

replacement. When printers are higher in age, servicing the printer can introduce air into the nozzles. Attempt to service the printer when the customer is not using the unit. If service occurs when the customer needs to print, allow the printer to sit for 15 minutes to clear the defect. If this defect continues to reoccur, replace the sled.

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Troubleshooting streaks in yellow

NOTE: This defect is likely a result of ink buildup on the printbar.

ENWW Check symptoms 85

Troubleshooting ink smear

NOTE: The solutions in the owchart above appear in a random order. Choose any combination of

troubleshooting steps that work best for the particular ink-smear defect and the priorities of the customer. For instance, the customer might be willing to sacrice speed, so they can adjust the slider to increase the dry time. Or they might want to use a dierent type of paper.

Older versions of the UPD might not support the sliders to adjust the dry time or saturation level in the Ink settings options. Upgrade the UPD to the latest version to gain access to this feature in the driver. Install the driver in either Traditional or Dynamic mode.

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Troubleshooting image stretched vertically

ENWW Check symptoms 87

Troubleshooting vertical white bands on one color

Solve print quality issues

Clean the printhead

If the print quality report shows defects like the ones listed in Print and interpret the print quality page

on page 74, clean the printhead.

The printhead cleaning process consists of two separate levels. Each level can be performed independently. After each level, a Print Quality Diagnostic page is printed. If the print quality is not acceptable, proceed to the next level of cleaning. If colors are uneven, select Align Printhead or Calibrate Color Density or both.

Printhead cleaning levels

Level 1: Spit, Wipe, Spit, BDD calibration

Level 2: Spit, Wipe, Spit, Wipe, Spit BDD calibration

Align Printhead

Calibrate Color Density

88 Chapter 2 Solve problems ENWW

If the printhead cleaning process is interrupted, for example by a power outage or an error condition, when the process is started again it will attempt to start where it was interrupted.

1. Load the printer with regular, unused white paper.

2. On the control panel home screen, touch the Setup button, and then touch the Setup button again

to open the Setup menu.

3. Open the Printer Maintenance menu.

4. Select one of the following menu items:

●

Clean Printhead Level 1

●

Clean Printhead Level 2

●

Align Printhead

●

Calibrate Color Density

TIP: Number each of the print quality pages so you don’t lose track of the prints later.

5. If you nish the cleaning process and still see defects on the print quality report, retry cleaning,

especially if you have seen improvement in the print quality reports.

6. If the print quality report still shows defects after a second cleaning, go to the next section to service

the printer.

If the defect on the print quality report is color variation across the bars (see Print and interpret the print

quality page on page 74), and if the problem seems to go away after a cleaning, but then reoccurs in the same

location on the color bar the next day, complete the following procedure:

1. Check to see if any of the following conditions are true:

●

Prior to the print quality problem, the printer was unused for more than three weeks.

●

The printer was recently moved or experienced a large temperature shift.

●

There was a recent paper jam.

●

The print quality problem seems to be getting better as the printer is used (especially if print jobs with dense backgrounds are printed).

If any of these conditions exist, instruct and assist the customer in performing a printhead recovery. See

Printhead recovery on page 91.

2. If none of the conditions above are true, the color problem is likely to reoccur, even if a cleaning xes it

temporarily.

If the print quality report has no defects, then the ink system is working correctly. There is no reason to clean the printhead, which unnecessarily wastes ink and paper. Complete the following steps:

1. Retry the original print job. Just printing the print quality report can solve some problems. If the print

job meets print quality standards, stop troubleshooting here.

2. If problems still exist on print jobs, review the earlier steps in this document: make sure that the ink and

paper are appropriate, and that the print settings are correct. In addition, these suggestions might help with some problems:

ENWW Check symptoms 89

●

If you are printing an image, make sure it has suicient resolution. Images that have been enlarged too much might appear fuzzy or blurry.

●

If the problem is conned to a band near the edge of a printout, use the software you installed with the printer or another software program to rotate the image 180°. The problem might not appear on the other end of the printout.

●

Always use the power button to turn the printer o. This protects the printhead from exposure to air.

●

If all colors are experiencing poor print quality, there might be an issue with the Web wipe not advancing. Open the left door, and then mark the edge of the Web wipe above the duplex module.

Figure 2-2 Mark the Web wipe

3. If the problem persists, contact HP to service the printer.

Clean ink smears

Print a cleaning page to remove dust and excess ink from the printhead and paper path if you are having any of the following problems:

●

Use the following procedure to clean ink smears.

1. Load the printer with regular, unused white paper.

2. On the control panel home screen, touch the Setup button, and then touch the Setup button again

Run the printer so that it performs a wipe, and then see if the Web has advanced. If it has not, replace the Web wipe/service sled assembly using the service sled kit. For the 300/400 series models, use part number D3Q24-67001. For the 500 series models, use part number D3Q24-67002.

Specks of ink are on the printed pages.

Ink is smearing on the printed pages.

Repeated marks occur on the printed pages.

to open the Setup menu.

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HP PageWide Pro 352, PageWide Pro 377, PageWide Pro 452, PageWide Pro 477, PageWide Pro 552 Troubleshooting Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

1 Theory of operation

Basic operation

Function structure

Operation sequence

System control

Formatter and data path

Input/output (I/O) control

User interface

Formatter digital ASIC

Formatter analog ASIC

Real-time clock

Engine control

Engine controller digital ASIC

Engine controller analog ASIC

Other printed circuit-board assemblies (PCAs)

Pen interface (I/F)

Power supply

Print subsystem

Printbar

Printbar air management system

Printbar lift

Ink cartridges

Optical scan carriage

Print system operational states

Startup

Die alignment

Die density leveling

Nozzle presence detection

Media edge position detection

Servicing and capping

Printing

Paper-handling system

Input trays

Paper path zones

Servicing system

Service sled

Transmission system

Components

States

Aerosol management system

Document feeder system (377/477/577/P57750 models)

Document feed system

Rollers and sensors in the document feeder

Document feeder operation

Deskew operation

Scanning and image capture system (377/477/577/P57750 models)

Fax functions and operation (377/477/577/P57750 models)

Computer and network security features

PSTN operation

The fax subsystem

Fax card in the fax subsystem

Safety isolation

Safety-protection circuitry

Data path

Ring detect

Line current control

2 Solve problems

Restore the factory-set defaults

Menu access

Menu access on monochrome control panels

Access the Engineering menu

Access the Support menu

Place the printer into MFG (manufacturing) mode

Menu access on color control panels

Access the Engineering menu

Access the Support Menu

Place the printer into MFG (manufacturing) mode

Perform tap tests and interpret results

10 tap test results (OOBE states)

12 tap test results (REDI sensor values)

61 tap results (Align and color calibrations)

909 tap test results (BDD status)

Verify that the pig tails have an adequate seal

Front-panel error codes

Control-panel messages

Error-related symptoms