User Manual
Product Model : DES-3800 Series
Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Release 1
©Copyright 2005. All rights reserved.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
_____________________________________________________________________________
Information in this document is subject to change without notice.
© 2005 D-Link Computer Corporation. All rights reserved.
Reproduction in any manner whatsoever without the written permission of D-Link Computer Corporation is strictly forbidden.
Trademarks used in this text: D-Link and the D-LINK logo are trademarks of D-Link Computer Corporation; Microsoft and Windows are registered
trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
Other trademarks and trade names may be used in this document to refer to either the entities claiming the marks and names or their products. D-Link
Computer Corporation disclaims any proprietary interest in trademarks and trade names other than its own.
August 2005 P/N 651ES3828015G
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Table of Contents
Preface.............................................................................................................................................................................. vii
Intended Readers............................................................................................................................................................. viii
Typographical Conventions............................................................................................................................................. viii
Notes, Notices, and Cautions........................................................................................................................................... viii
Safety Instructions..............................................................................................................................................................ix
Safety Cautions................................................................................................................................................................................. ix
General Precautions for Rack-Mountable Products........................................................................................................................... x
Protecting Against Electrostatic Discharge....................................................................................................................................... xi
Introduction..............................................................................................................................................................................1
xStack DES-3800 Series.................................................................................................................................................................... 1
Gigabit Ethernet Technology............................................................................................................................................................. 1
Switch Description............................................................................................................................................................................. 2
Features.............................................................................................................................................................................................. 2
Ports................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
Front-Panel Components ................................................................................................................................................................... 2
Rear Panel Description ...................................................................................................................................................................... 5
Side Panel Description....................................................................................................................................................................... 6
Gigabit Ports...................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
Installation................................................................................................................................................................................8
Package Contents............................................................................................................................................................................... 8
Before You Connect to the Network.................................................................................................................................................. 8
Installing the Switch Without the Rack ............................................................................................................................................. 9
Installing the Switch in a Rack .......................................................................................................................................................... 9
Mounting the Switch in a Standard 19" Rack.................................................................................................................................... 9
Connecting DC Power to DES-3828DC.......................................................................................................................................... 10
RPS Installation ............................................................................................................................................................................... 11
Connecting The Switch ..........................................................................................................................................................16
Switch To End Node........................................................................................................................................................................ 16
Switch to Hub or Switch.................................................................................................................................................................. 16
Connecting To Network Backbone or Server.................................................................................................................................. 17
Introduction To Switch Management.....................................................................................................................................18
Management Options ........................................................................................................................................................18
Web-based Management Interface................................................................................................................................................... 18
SNMP-Based Management.............................................................................................................................................................. 18
Connecting the Console Port (RS-232 DCE)................................................................................................................................... 18
First Time Connecting to The Switch.............................................................................................................................................. 20
Password Protection......................................................................................................................................................................... 21
SNMP Settings ................................................................................................................................................................................ 22
IP Address Assignment.................................................................................................................................................................... 23
Web-based Switch Configuration ..........................................................................................................................................26
Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................................26
Login to Web Manager.................................................................................................................................................................... 26
Web-based User Interface................................................................................................................................................................ 27
Web Pages ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 28
Administration .......................................................................................................................................................................29
Device Information............................................................................................................................................................29
IP Address .........................................................................................................................................................................32
Setting the Switch's IP Address using the Console Interface........................................................................................................... 34
Port Configuration.............................................................................................................................................................34
Port Settings..................................................................................................................................................................................... 34
Port Description............................................................................................................................................................................... 36
PoE Configuration.............................................................................................................................................................38
User Accounts ...................................................................................................................................................................41
Port Mirroring ...................................................................................................................................................................42
System Log Host ...............................................................................................................................................................43
System Severity Settings...................................................................................................................................................46
SNTP Settings ...................................................................................................................................................................47
Time Settings................................................................................................................................................................................... 47
Time Zone and DST ........................................................................................................................................................................ 48
MAC Notification Settings................................................................................................................................................50
TFTP Services ...................................................................................................................................................................52
Multiple Image Services....................................................................................................................................................53
Ping Test............................................................................................................................................................................55
SNMP Manager.................................................................................................................................................................55
SNMP User Table............................................................................................................................................................................ 56
SNMP View Table........................................................................................................................................................................... 59
SNMP Group Table ......................................................................................................................................................................... 60
SNMP Community Table Configuration......................................................................................................................................... 62
SNMP Host Table............................................................................................................................................................................ 63
SNMP Engine ID............................................................................................................................................................................. 65
Single IP Management Settings.........................................................................................................................................65
Layer 2 Features.....................................................................................................................................................................67
VLANs ..............................................................................................................................................................................67
VLAN Description........................................................................................................................................................................... 68
IEEE 802.1Q VLANs ...................................................................................................................................................................... 68
Static VLAN Entry .......................................................................................................................................................................... 73
GVRP Setting .................................................................................................................................................................................. 76
Trunking ............................................................................................................................................................................78
Link Aggregation............................................................................................................................................................................. 80
LACP Port Setting........................................................................................................................................................................... 82
IGMP.................................................................................................................................................................................84
IGMP Snooping............................................................................................................................................................................... 84
Static Router Ports Entry ................................................................................................................................................................. 86
Spanning Tree ...................................................................................................................................................................87
STP Bridge Global Settings............................................................................................................................................................. 89
MST Configuration Identification ................................................................................................................................................... 92
MSTP Port Information ................................................................................................................................................................... 94
STP Instance Settings ...................................................................................................................................................................... 96
STP Port Settings............................................................................................................................................................................. 97
STP Port Instance Information......................................................................................................................................................... 99
Forwarding ......................................................................................................................................................................101
Unicast Forwarding ....................................................................................................................................................................... 101
Static Multicast Forwarding........................................................................................................................................................... 101
Layer 3 Features...................................................................................................................................................................103
IP Interface Settings ........................................................................................................................................................103
MD5 Key Table Configuration........................................................................................................................................106
Route Redistribution Settings..........................................................................................................................................106
Static/Default Route Settings ..........................................................................................................................................108
Static ARP Table.............................................................................................................................................................109
RIP...................................................................................................................................................................................110
RIP Global Settings ....................................................................................................................................................................... 112
RIP Interface Settings.................................................................................................................................................................... 113
OSPF ...............................................................................................................................................................................114
OSPF Global Settings.................................................................................................................................................................... 132
OSPF Area Setting......................................................................................................................................................................... 133
OSPF Interface Settings................................................................................................................................................................. 134
OSPF Virtual Link Settings........................................................................................................................................................... 137
OSPF Area Aggregation Settings .................................................................................................................................................. 139
OSPF Host Route Settings............................................................................................................................................................. 140
DHCP/BOOTP Relay......................................................................................................................................................141
DHCP / BOOTP Relay Global Settings......................................................................................................................................... 141
DHCP/BOOTP Relay Interface Settings ....................................................................................................................................... 144
DNS Relay.......................................................................................................................................................................145
DNS Relay Global Settings ........................................................................................................................................................... 145
DNS Relay Static Settings............................................................................................................................................................. 146
VRRP ..............................................................................................................................................................................147
VRRP Global Settings ................................................................................................................................................................... 147
VRRP Virtual Router Settings....................................................................................................................................................... 148
VRRP Authentication Settings ...................................................................................................................................................... 151
IP Multicast Routing Protocol.........................................................................................................................................153
IGMP Interface Settings ................................................................................................................................................................ 154
DVMRP Interface Configuration................................................................................................................................................... 156
PIM-DM Interface Configuration.................................................................................................................................................. 158
QoS ......................................................................................................................................................................................161
Port Bandwidth................................................................................................................................................................163
QoS Scheduling Mechanism ...........................................................................................................................................164
802.1p Default Priority....................................................................................................................................................165
802.1p User Priority ........................................................................................................................................................167
ACL......................................................................................................................................................................................168
Access Profile Table........................................................................................................................................................168
CPU Interface Filtering ...................................................................................................................................................183
CPU Interface Filtering Profile Table............................................................................................................................................ 183
Security ................................................................................................................................................................................199
Traffic Control.................................................................................................................................................................199
Port Security....................................................................................................................................................................201
Port Lock Entries.............................................................................................................................................................203
Configure 802.1x Authenticator Parameter ................................................................................................................................... 208
Authentic RADIUS Server..............................................................................................................................................211
Trusted Host ....................................................................................................................................................................212
Access Authentication Control........................................................................................................................................213
Authentication Policy & Parameter Settings.................................................................................................................................. 214
Application Authentication Settings.............................................................................................................................................. 215
Authentication Server Group......................................................................................................................................................... 216
Authentication Server Host............................................................................................................................................................ 217
Login Method Lists........................................................................................................................................................................ 219
Enable Method Lists...................................................................................................................................................................... 221
Configure Local Enable Password................................................................................................................................................. 223
Enable Admin................................................................................................................................................................................ 224
Traffic Segmentation.......................................................................................................................................................225
Secure Socket Layer (SSL) .............................................................................................................................................226
Download Certificate..................................................................................................................................................................... 227
Ciphersuite..................................................................................................................................................................................... 227
SSH .................................................................................................................................................................................229
SSH Server Configuration ............................................................................................................................................................. 230
SSH Authentication Mode and Algorithm Settings....................................................................................................................... 231
SSH User Authentication............................................................................................................................................................... 234
IP-MAC Binding .............................................................................................................................................................235
IP-MAC Binding Port.................................................................................................................................................................... 235
IP-MAC Binding Table ................................................................................................................................................................. 236
IP-MAC Binding Blocked ............................................................................................................................................................. 237
ARP Storm Control .........................................................................................................................................................238
Monitoring ...........................................................................................................................................................................239
Device Status...................................................................................................................................................................239
CPU Utilization ...............................................................................................................................................................240
Port Utilization ................................................................................................................................................................240
Packets.............................................................................................................................................................................241
Received (RX) ............................................................................................................................................................................... 242
UMB Cast (RX)............................................................................................................................................................................. 243
Transmitted (TX)........................................................................................................................................................................... 245
Errors...............................................................................................................................................................................247
Received (RX) ............................................................................................................................................................................... 248
Transmitted (TX)........................................................................................................................................................................... 250
Packet Size ......................................................................................................................................................................252
Browse Router Port .........................................................................................................................................................254
Port Access Control.........................................................................................................................................................254
RADIUS Authentication................................................................................................................................................................ 254
RADIUS Accounting..................................................................................................................................................................... 256
MAC Address..................................................................................................................................................................257
IP Address Table .............................................................................................................................................................259
Browse Routing Table.....................................................................................................................................................260
Browse ARP Table..........................................................................................................................................................261
Browse IP Multicast Forwarding Table...........................................................................................................................262
IGMP Snooping Group ...................................................................................................................................................263
IGMP Snooping Forwarding...........................................................................................................................................264
Browse IGMP Group Table.............................................................................................................................................264
DVMRP Monitoring........................................................................................................................................................265
Browse DVMRP Routing Table.................................................................................................................................................... 265
Browse DVMRP Neighbor Table.................................................................................................................................................. 266
Browse DVMRP Routing Next Hop Table.................................................................................................................................... 266
Browse PIM Neighbor Table......................................................................................................................................................... 267
OSPF Monitoring ............................................................................................................................................................267
Browse OSPF LSDB Table ........................................................................................................................................................... 267
Browse OSPF Neighbor Table....................................................................................................................................................... 269
OSPF Virtual Neighbor ................................................................................................................................................................. 269
Browse PoE Status (for DES-3828P only)......................................................................................................................270
Switch History Log .........................................................................................................................................................271
Switch Maintanence.............................................................................................................................................................272
Reset................................................................................................................................................................................272
Reset Config .................................................................................................................................................................................. 272
Reset System.................................................................................................................................................................................. 273
Reboot System.................................................................................................................................................................273
Save Changes ..................................................................................................................................................................274
Logout .............................................................................................................................................................................275
Technical Specifications ......................................................................................................................................................276
Cables and Connectors.........................................................................................................................................................279
Cable Lengths ......................................................................................................................................................................280
Glossary ...............................................................................................................................................................................281
Warranties/Registration........................................................................................................................................................285
Tech Support ........................................................................................................................................................................292
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Preface
The xStack DES-3800 Series User Manual is divided into sections that describe the system installation
and operating instructions with examples.
Section 1, Introduction - Describes the Switch and its features.
Section 2, Installation- Helps you get started with the basic installation of the Switch and also
describes the front panel, rear panel, side panels, and LED indicators of the Switch. Included in this
section is a description of how to hook up the DC power supply for the DES-3828DC.
Section 3, Connecting the Switch - Tells how you can connect the Switch to your Ethernet/Fast
Ethernet network.
Section 4, Introduction to Switch Management - Introduces basic Switch management features,
including password protection, SNMP settings, IP address assignment and connecting devices to the
Switch.
Section 5, Introduction to Web-based Switch Management - Talks about connecting to and using
the Web-based switch management feature on the Switch.
Section 6, Administration- A detailed discussion about configuring the basic functions of the
Switch, including Device Information IP Address, Port Configuration, User Accounts, Port Mirroring,
System Log Settings, System Severity Settings, SNTP Settings, MAC Notification Settings, TFTP
Services, Mulitple Image Services, Ping Test, SNMP Manager, and Single IP Management Settings.
Section 7, Layer 2 Features- A discussion of Layer 2 features of the Switch, including VLAN,
Trunking, IGMP Snooping, Spanning Tree and Forwarding.
Section 8, Layer 3 Features- A discussion of Layer 3 features of the Switch, including IP Interface
Settings, MD5 Key Settings, Route Redistribution Settings, Static/Dynamic Route Setings, Route
Preference Settings, Static ARP Settings, RIP, OSPF, DCHP/BOOTP Relay, DNS Relay, VRRP,
and IP Multicast Routing Settings
Section 9, QoS - Features information on QoS, including Bandwidth Control, QoS Scheduling
Mechanism, QoS Output Scheduling, 802.1P Default Priority, and 802.1P User Priority.
Section 10, ACL- Discussion on the ACL function of the Switch, including Access Profile Table and
CPU Interface Filtering, and ARP Strom Control.
Section 11, Security – A discussion on the Security functions on the Switch, including Traffic Control
Port Security, Port Lock Entries, 802.1X, Trusted Host, Access Authentication Control, Traffic
Segmentation, SSL, SSH, and IP MAC Binding.
Section 12, Monitoring – Features information on Monitoring including Device Status, CPU
Utilization, Port Utilization, Packets, Errors, Packet Size, Browse Router Port, Port Access Control,
MAC Address, IP Address Table, Browse Routing Table, Browse ARP Table, Browse IP Multicast
Forwarding, Switch History Log, IGMP Snooping Group, IGMP Snooping Forwarding, DVMRP
Monitor, OSPF Monitor, Browse PoE Status, and Switch History Log.
Appendix A, Technical Specifications - Technical specifications for DES-3828, DES-3828P and
DES-3828DCDC.
Appendix B, Cables and Connectors - Describes the RJ-45 receptacle/connector, straight through
and crossover cables and standard pin assignments.
Appendix C, Cable Lengths - Information on cable types and maximum distances.
Glossary - Lists definitions for terms and acronyms used in this document.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Intended Readers
The xStack DES-3800 Series User Manual contains information for setup and management of the
Switch. The term, “the Swich” will be used when referring to all three switches. This manual is
intended for network managers familiar with network management concepts and terminology.
Typographical Conventions
Convention Description
[ ]
Bold font
Boldface
Typewriter Font
Initial capital letter
Italics
Menu Name > Menu
Option
In a command line, square brackets indicate an optional entry. For example: [copy
filename] means that optionally you can type copy followed by the name of the file.
Do not type the brackets.
Indicates a button, a toolbar icon, menu, or menu item. For example: Open the File
menu and choose Cancel. Used for emphasis. May also indicate system messages
or prompts appearing on your screen. For example: You have mail. Bold font is also
used to represent filenames, program names and commands. For example: use the
copy command.
Indicates commands and responses to prompts that must be typed exactly as printed
in the manual.
Indicates a window name. Names of keys on the keyboard have initial capitals. For
example: Click Enter.
Indicates a window name or a field. Also can indicate a variables or parameter that is
replaced with an appropriate word or string. For example: type filename means that
you should type the actual filename instead of the word shown in italic.
Menu Name > Menu Option Indicates the menu structure. Device > Port > Port
Properties means the Port Properties menu option under the Port menu option that
is located under the Device menu.
Notes, Notices, and Cautions
A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your device.
A NOTICE indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you
how to avoid the problem.
A CAUTION indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Safety Instructions
Use the following safety guidelines to ensure your own personal safety and to help protect your system
from potential damage. Throughout this document, the caution icon ( ) is used to indicate
cautions and precautions that you need to review and follow.
Safety Cautions
To reduce the risk of bodily injury, electrical shock, fire, and damage to the equipment, observe the
following precautions.
• Observe and follow service markings.
• Do not service any product except as explained in your system documentation.
• Opening or removing covers that are marked with the triangular symbol with a lightning bolt
may expose you to electrical shock.
• Only a trained service technician should service components inside these compartments.
• If any of the following conditions occur, unplug the product from the electrical outlet and replace
the part or contact your trained service provider:
• The power cable, extension cable, or plug is damaged.
• An object has fallen into the product.
• The product has been exposed to water.
• The product has been dropped or damaged.
• The product does not operate correctly when you follow the operating instructions.
• Keep your system away from radiators and heat sources. Also, do not block cooling vents.
• Do not spill food or liquids on your system components, and never operate the product in a wet
environment. If the system gets wet, see the appropriate section in your troubleshooting guide or
contact your trained service provider.
• Do not push any objects into the openings of your system. Doing so can cause fire or electric
shock by shorting out interior components.
• Use the product only with approved equipment.
• Allow the product to cool before removing covers or touching internal components.
• Operate the product only from the type of external power source indicated on the electrical ratings
label. If you are not sure of the type of power source required, consult your service provider or
local power company.
• To help avoid damaging your system, be sure the voltage on the power supply is set to match the
power available at your location:
• 115 volts (V)/60 hertz (Hz) in most of North and South America and some Far Eastern
countries such as South Korea and Taiwan
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
• 100 V/50 Hz in eastern Japan and 100 V/60 Hz in western Japan
• 230 V/50 Hz in most of Europe, the Middle East, and the Far East
• –48 VDC for DC power supply unit on DES-3828DC DC only
• Also, be sure that attached devices are electrically rated to operate with the power available in
your location.
• Use only approved power cable(s). If you have not been provided with a power cable for your
system or for any AC-powered option intended for your system, purchase a power cable that is
approved for use in your country. The power cable must be rated for the product and for the voltage and current marked on the product's electrical ratings label. The voltage and current rating of
the cable should be greater than the ratings marked on the product.
• To help prevent electric shock, plug the system and peripheral power cables into properly
grounded electrical outlets. These cables are equipped with three-prong plugs to help ensure
proper grounding. Do not use adapter plugs or remove the grounding prong from a cable. If you
must use an extension cable, use a 3-wire cable with properly grounded plugs.
• Observe extension cable and power strip ratings. Make sure that the total ampere rating of all
products plugged into the extension cable or power strip does not exceed 80 percent of the ampere
ratings limit for the extension cable or power strip.
• To help protect your system from sudden, transient increases and decreases in electrical power,
use a surge suppressor, line conditioner, or uninterruptible power supply (UPS).
• Position system cables and power cables carefully; route cables so that they cannot be stepped on
or tripped over. Be sure that nothing rests on any cables.
• Do not modify power cables or plugs. Consult a licensed electrician or your power company for
site modifications. Always follow your local/national wiring rules.
• When connecting or disconnecting power to hot-pluggable power supplies, if offered with your
system, observe the following guidelines:
• Install the power supply before connecting the power cable to the power supply.
• Unplug the power cable before removing the power supply.
• If the system has multiple sources of power, disconnect power from the system by
unplugging all power cables from the power supplies.
• Move products with care; ensure that all casters and/or stabilizers are firmly connected to the system. Avoid sudden stops and uneven surfaces.
General Precautions for Rack-Mountable Products
Observe the following precautions for rack stability and safety. Also, refer to the rack installation
documentation accompanying the system and the rack for specific caution statements and procedures.
• Systems are considered to be components in a rack. Thus, "component" refers to any system as
well as to various peripherals or supporting hardware.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
• Before working on the rack, make sure that the stabilizers are secured to the rack, extended to the
floor, and that the full weight of the rack rests on the floor. Install front and side stabilizers on a
single rack or front stabilizers for joined multiple racks before working on the rack.
• Always load the rack from the bottom up, and load the heaviest item in the rack first.
• Make sure that the rack is level and stable before extending a component from the rack.
• Use caution when pressing the component rail release latches and sliding a component into or out
of a rack; the slide rails can pinch your fingers.
• After a component is inserted into the rack, carefully extend the rail into a locking position, and
then slide the component into the rack.
• Do not overload the AC supply branch circuit that provides power to the rack. The total rack load
should not exceed 80 percent of the branch circuit rating.
• Ensure that proper airflow is provided to components in the rack.
• Do not step on or stand on any component when servicing other components in a rack.
NOTE: A qualified electrician must perform all connections to DC power and
to safety grounds. All electrical wiring must comply with applicable local,
regional or national codes and practices.
CAUTION: Never defeat the ground conductor or operate the equipment in
the absence of a suitably installed ground conductor. Contact the
appropriate electrical inspection authority or an electrician if you are
uncertain that suitable grounding is available.
CAUTION: The system chassis must be positively grounded to the rack
cabinet frame. Do not attempt to connect power to the system until grounding
cables are connected. A qualified electrical inspector must inspect completed
power and safety ground wiring. An energy hazard will exist if the safety
ground cable is omitted or disconnected.
CAUTION: Do not replace the battery with an incorrect type. The risk of
explosion exists if the replacement battery is not the correct lithium battery
type. Dispose of used batteries according to the instructions.
Protecting Against Electrostatic Discharge
Static electricity can harm delicate components inside your system. To prevent static damage, discharge static electricity from your body before you touch any of the electronic components, such as
the microprocessor. You can do so by periodically touching an unpainted metal surface on the chassis.
You can also take the following steps to prevent damage from electrostatic discharge (ESD):
1. When unpacking a static-sensitive component from its shipping carton, do not remove the
component from the antistatic packing material until you are ready to install the component in
your system. Just before unwrapping the antistatic packaging, be sure to discharge static
electricity from your body.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
2. When transporting a sensitive component, first place it in an antistatic container or packaging.
3. Handle all sensitive components in a static-safe area. If possible, use antistatic floor pads,
workbench pads and an antistatic grounding strap.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Introduction
xStack DES-3800 Series
Gigabit Ethernet Technology
Switch Description
Features
Ports
Front-Panel Components
Side Panel Description
Rear Panel Description
Gigabit Combo Ports
xStack DES-3800 Series
Section 1
The DES-3800 series is a member of the D-Link xStack switch family. xStack is a complete family of
stackable devices that ranges from edge 10/100Mbps switches to core Gigabit switches. xStack
provides unsurpassed performance, fault tolerance, scalable flexibility, robust security, standard-based
interoperability and an impressive support for 10Gigabit technology to future-proof departmental and
enterprise network deployments with an easy migration path.
Gigabit Ethernet Technology
Gigabit Ethernet is an extension of IEEE 802.3 Ethernet utilizing the same packet structure, format,
and support for CSMA/CD protocol, full duplex, flow control, and management objects, but with a
tenfold increase in theoretical throughput over 100Mbps Fast Ethernet and a one hundred-fold increase
over 10Mbps Ethernet. Since it is compatible with all 10Mbps and 100Mbps Ethernet environments,
Gigabit Ethernet provides a straightforward upgrade without wasting a company's existing investment
in hardware, software, and trained personnel.
The increased speed and extra bandwidth offered by Gigabit Ethernet are essential to coping with the
network bottlenecks that frequently develop as computers and their busses get faster and more users
using applications that generate more traffic. Upgrading key components, such as your backbone and
servers to Gigabit Ethernet can greatly improve network response times as well as significantly speed
up the traffic between your sub networks.
Gigabit Ethernet enables fast optical fiber connections to support video conferencing, complex
imaging, and similar data-intensive applications. Likewise, since data transfers occur 10 times faster
than Fast Ethernet, servers outfitted with Gigabit Ethernet NIC's are able to perform 10 times the
number of operations in the same amount of time.
In addition, the phenomenal bandwidth delivered by Gigabit Ethernet is the most cost-effective
method to take advantage of today and tomorrow's rapidly improving switching and routing internetworking technologies.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Switch Description
The Switch is equipped with unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) cable ports providing dedicated 10 or 100
Mbps bandwidth. The Switch has 24 UTP ports and Auto MDI-X/MDI-II convertible ports that can be
used for unlinking to another switch. These ports can be used for connecting PCs, printers, servers,
hubs, routers, switches and other networking devices. The dual speed ports use standard twisted-pair
cabling and are ideal for segmenting networks into small, connected sub networks for superior
performance. Each 10/100 port can support up to 200 Mbps of throughput in full-duplex mode. In
addition, the Switch has 2 combo 1000 Base-T/SFP ports on the front panel and two 1000 Base-T on
the back. These gigabit combo ports are ideal for connecting to a server or network backbone. See the
“Ports” section below for differences between the front and rear Gigabit combo ports.
This Switch enables the network to use some of the most demanding multimedia and imaging
applications concurrently with other user applications without creating bottlenecks. The built-in
console interface can be used to configure the Switch's settings for priority queuing, VLANs, and port
trunk groups, port monitoring, and port speed.
Features
• IEEE 802.3ad Link Aggregation Control Protocol support.
• IEEE 802.1x Port-based and MAC-based Access Control
• IEEE 802.1Q VLAN
• IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree, IEEE 802.1W Rapid Spanning Tree and IEEE 802.1s Multiple
Spanning Tree support
• Access Control List (ACL) support
• Single IP Management support
• Access Authentication Control utilizing TACACS, XTACACS and TACACS+
• Dual Image Firmware
• Simple Network Time Protocol support
• MAC Notification support
• System and Port Utilization support
• System Log Support
• Support port-based enable and disable
• Address table: Supports up to 16K MAC addresses per device
• Supports a packet buffer of up to 32M bytes
• Supports Port-based VLAN Groups
• Port Trunking with flexible load distribution and fail-over function
• IGMP Snooping support
• SNMP support
• Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) and Secure Shell (SSH) support
• Port Mirroring support
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
• MIB support for:
• RFC1213 MIB II
• RFC1493 Bridge
• RFC2819 RMON
• RFC2665 Ether-like MIB
• RFC2863 Interface MIB
• Private MIB
• RFC2674 for 802.1p
• IEEE 802.1x MIB
• IEEE 802.3x flow control in full duplex mode
• IEEE 802.1p Priority Queues
• IEEE 802.3u 100BASE-TX compliant
• RS-232 DCE console port for Switch management
• Provides parallel LED display for port status such as link/act, speed, etc.
• IEEE 802.3 10BASE-T compliant
• High performance switching engine performs forwarding and filtering at full wire speed,
maximum 14, 881 packets/sec on each 10Mbps Ethernet port, and maximum 148,810
packet/sec on 100Mbps Fast Ethernet port.
• Full- and half-duplex for both 10Mbps and 100Mbps connections. Full duplex allows the
switch port to simultaneously transmit and receive data. It only works with connections to
full-duplex-capable end stations and switches. Connections to a hub must take place at halfduplex
• Support broadcast storm filtering
• Non-blocking store and forward switching scheme capability to support rate adaptation and
protocol conversion
• Supports by-port Egress/Ingress rate control.
• Efficient self-learning and address recognition mechanism enables forwarding rate at wire
speed
Ports
The Swich provides 24 10/100BASE-TX ports. All 24 ports comply with the following standards:
• IEEE 802.3
• IEEE 802.3u
• Support Half/Full-Duplex operations
• All ports support Auto MDI-X/MDI-II cross over
• Support back pressure for Half-duplex mode
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
• IEEE 802.3x Flow Control support for Full-Duplex mode.
NOTE: On DES-3828P, all 24 10/100BASE-TX ports also comply
with the IEEE 802.3af standard.
The Switch provides 2 1000 Base-T/SFP combo ports on the front panel. Both 1000BASE-T ports
comply with the following standards:
• IEEE 802.3
• IEEE 802.3u
• IEEE 802.3ab
• Support Full-Duplex operations
• IEEE 802.3x Flow Control support for Full-Duplex mode
• IEEE 802.3z
Both SFP ports support the following transeivers:
• DEM-310GT (1000BASE-LX)
• DEM-311GT (1000BASE-SX)
• DEM-314GT (1000BASE-LH)
• DEM-315GT (1000BASE-ZX)
Th Switch provides 2 1000 Base-T ports on the rear panel. Both 1000BASE-T ports comply with the
following standards:
• IEEE 802.3
• IEEE 802.3u
• IEEE 802.3ab
• Support Full-Duplex operations
• IEEE 802.3x Flow Control support for Full-Duplex mode
NOTE: The SFP combo ports on the Switch cannot be used
simultaneously with the corresponding 1000BASE-T ports. If
both ports are in use at the same time (ex. port 25 of the SFP
and port 25 of the 1000BASE-T), the SFP ports will take
priority over the combo ports and render the 1000BASE-T
ports inoperable.
Front-Panel Components
The front panel of the Switch provides 24 10/100BASE-TX ports, 2 1000 Base-T/SFP combo ports,
and an RS-232 console port. DES-3828P also includes a Mode Select button for changing the mode
Link/Act/State to PoE.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
DES-3828P LEDs
LED indicators display the status of the Switch and the network. The front panel of DES-3828P has
LED indicators for power, console, RPS, 27GE (rear port), 28 GE (rear port), Link/Act/Speed, PoE,
for each of the 24 10/100 Mbps Ethernet ports, and for the two 1000BASE-T/SFP ports.
Figure 1- 1. Front Panel View of the DES-3828P
DES-3828/DES-3828DC LEDs
The front panel of DES-3828/DES-3828DC has LED indicators for power, console, RPS (DES-3828
only), 27GE (rear port), 28 GE (rear port), for each of the 24 10/100 Mbps Ethernet ports, and for the
two 1000BASE-T/SFP ports.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Figure 1- 2. Front Panel View of the DES-3828DC
The following table describes the LEDs for DES-3828/DES-3828P/DES-3828DC:
LED Description
Power
Console
RPS (excluding DES3828DC)
Ports 27, 28 GE
Off – Power Off
Solid Green – Power On
Solid Green – Switch is being logged in to via the out-of-band/local console
management through the RS-232 console port
Blinking Green – POST is in progress
Off – RPS off
Solid green – RPS in use
Ports 27 and 28 represent the 1000BASE-T ports located on the rear panel of the
Switch. These port LEDs will light two different colors for 100Mbps and 1000Mbps:
• Solid Green – Link or 1000Mbps
• Blinking Green – Activity for 1000Mbps
• Solid Amber – Link or 100Mbps
Link/Act/Speed and
PoE (DES-3828P
only)
• Blinking Amber – Activity for 100Mbps
• Off – Link down
To change the LED mode from Link/Act/Speed to PoE and vice versa, press the LED
Mode Select Button. The Link/Act/Speed LED will light solid green when selected and
will shut off when PoE is selected. Likewise, when Link/Act/Speed is selected, the
PoE LED shuts off and the Link/Act/Speed LED lights solid green.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Ports 1-24
One row of LEDs for each port is located above the ports on the front panel. The first
LED is for the top port and the second one is for the bottom ports. These port LEDs
display the following information:
For Link/Act/Speed Mode:
• Solid Green – Link or 100Mbps
• Blinking Green – Activity for 100Mbps
• Solid Amber – Link or 10Mbps
• Blinking Amber – Activity for 10Mbps
• Off – Link down
For PoE Mode: (DES-3828P only)
• Solid Green – Power feeding (802.3af-compliant PD was detected, legacy
PD detected)
• Blinking Amber - PoE port ERROR (non-standard PD connected, Under load
state according to 802.3af (current is below I min), Overload state according
to 802.3af (current is above Icut), hardware problems preventing port
operation, power budget exceeded, short condition was detected at a port
delivering power, temperature overload at the port, succession of Underload
and Overload states caused port shutdown (may be caused by a PD’s
DC/DC fault)...etc.)
• Off – No power feeding (no PD detected, or no connection)
Ports 25, 26 combo
GE
Ports 25 and 26 represent the 1000BASE-T/SFP ports located on the front panel of
the Switch. These port LEDs will display the following information:
• Solid Green – Link or 1000Mbps
• Blinking Green – Activity for 1000Mbps
• Solid Amber – Link or 100Mbps
• Blinking Amber – Activity for 100Mbps
• Off – Link down
Rear Panel Description
The rear panels of DES-3828, DES-3828DC and DES-3828P are described separately below:
DES-3828
The rear panel of DES-3828 contains ports 27 and 28, (1000BASE-TX), an AC power connector, and
an outlet for an optional external RPS.
Figure 1- 3. Rear panel view of the DES-3828
For details on ports 27 and 28, see the “Ports” description above. The rear panel includes an outlet for
an optional external redundant power supply. When power fails, the optional external RPS will take
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
over all the power immediately and automatically. The AC power connector is a standard threepronged connector that supports the power cord. Plug-in the female connector of the provided power
cord into this socket, and the male side of the cord into a power outlet. The Switch automatically
adjusts its power setting to any supply voltage in the range from 100 ~ 240 VAC at 50 ~ 60 Hz.
DES-3828P
The rear panel of DES-3828P contains ports 27 and 28, (1000BASE-TX), a heat vent, an AC power
connector, and an outlet for an optional external RPS.
Figure 1- 4. Rear Panel view of DES-3828P
For details on ports 27 and 28, see the “Ports” description above. The rear panel includes a heat vent
for the system fan. The system fan is used to dissipate heat. Do not block this opening, and leave at
least 6 inches of space at the rear of the Switch for proper ventilation. Be reminded that without proper
heat dissipation and air circulation, system components might overheat, which could lead to system
failure. The rear panel also includes an outlet for an optional external redundant power supply. When
power fails, the optional external RPS will take over all the power immediately and automatically. The
AC power connector is a standard three-pronged connector that supports the power cord. Plug-in the
female connector of the provided power cord into this socket, and the male side of the cord into a
power outlet. The Switch automatically adjusts its power setting to any supply voltage in the range
from 100 ~ 240 VAC at 50 ~ 60 Hz. The maximum output capacity for PoE is 370W. The default
power feeding for PoE is set at 15.4W per port, but can be set from 1-16.8W per port. See PoE
Configuration in Section 6 for instructions on how to change this setting.
DES-3828DC
Figure 1- 5. Rear panel view of DES-3828DC
The rear panel of the DC power version of the Switch includes ports 27 and 28, (1000BASE-TX), and
an opening designed to accommodate the DC power wiring assembly. See the installation instructions
in Section 2 for details.
Side Panel Description
The right-hand side panel of the Switch contains a system fan and ventilation along the entire right
side. The left hand panel includes a system fan and a heat vent. The system fans are used to dissipate
heat. Do not block these openings on either side of the Switch. Leave at least 6 inches of space at the
rear and sides of the Switch for proper ventilation. Be reminded that without proper heat dissipation
and air circulation, system components might overheat, which could lead to system failure.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Figure 1- 6. Side Panels
Gigabit Ports
In addition to the 24 10/100 Mbps ports, the Switch features two 1000BASE-T/SFP Gigabit Ethernet
Combo ports on the front panel, and two 1000BASE-T copper ports on the rear panel. The diagrams
below show Gigabit ports 25 and 26 on the far right of the front panel. Gigabit ports 27 and 28 are on
the far left of the rear panel. Please note that PoE is not supported on either the front or rear Gigabit
Ethernet ports.
Figure 1- 7. Front Panel Mini-GBIC modules plug-in to the Switch
Figure 1- 8. Rear Panel Mini-GBIC modules plug-in to the Switch
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
SECTION 2
Installation
Package Contents
Before You Connect to the Network
Installing the Switch Without the Rack
Rack Installation
Power On
Connecting DC Power to DES-3828DC
RPS Installation
Package Contents
Open the shipping carton of the Switch and carefully unpack its contents. The carton should contain
the following items:
• One Stand-alone Switch
• One AC power cord (excluding DES-3828DC)
• This Manual on CD
• Mounting kit (two brackets and screws)
• Four rubber feet with adhesive backing
• RS-232 console cable
If any item is found missing or damaged, please contact your local D-Link Reseller for replacement.
Before You Connect to the Network
The site where you install the Switch may greatly affect its performance. Please follow these
guidelines for setting up the Switch.
• Install the Switch on a sturdy, level surface that can support at least 4.24kg (9.35lbs) of
weight for DES-3828/DES-3828DC, or 6.02kg (13.27lbs) for DES-3828P. Do not place
heavy objects on the Switch.
• The power outlet should be within 1.82 meters (6 feet) of the Switch.
• Visually inspect the power cord and see that it is fully secured to the AC/DC power port.
• Make sure that there is proper heat dissipation from and adequate ventilation around the
Switch. Leave at least 10 cm (4 inches) of space at the front and rear of the Switch for
ventilation.
• Install the Switch in a fairly cool and dry place for the acceptable temperature and humidity
operating ranges.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
• Install the Switch in a site free from strong electromagnetic field generators (such as motors),
vibration, dust, and direct exposure to sunlight.
• When installing the Switch on a level surface, attach the rubber feet to the bottom of the
device. The rubber feet cushion the Switch, protect the casing from scratches and prevent it
from scratching other surfaces.
Installing the Switch Without the Rack
When installing the Switch on a desktop or shelf, the rubber feet included with the Switch should first
be attached. Attach these cushioning feet on the bottom at each corner of the device. Allow enough
ventilation space between the Switch and any other objects in the vicinity.
Rubber Feet
Figure 2 - 1. Prepare Switch for installation on a desktop or shelf
Installing the Switch in a Rack
The Switch can be mounted in a standard 19" rack. Use the following diagrams to guide you.
Figure 2 - 2. Fasten mounting brackets to Switch
Fasten the mounting brackets to the Switch using the screws provided. With the brackets attached
securely, you can mount the Switch in a standard rack as shown in Figure 2-3 below.
Mounting the Switch in a Standard 19" Rack
CAUTION: Installing systems in a rack without the front and side stabilizers installed
could cause the rack to tip over, potentially resulting in bodily injury under certain
circumstances. Therefore, always install the stabilizers before installing components in
the rack. After installing components in a rack, do not pull more than one component
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
out of the rack on its slide assemblies at one time. The weight of more than one
extended component could cause the rack to tip over and may result in injury.
Figure 2 - 3. Installing Switch in a rack
Power On AC Power
Plug one end of the AC power cord into the power connector of the Switch and the other end into the
local power source outlet.
After the Switch is powered on, the LED indicators will momentarily blink. This blinking of the LED
indicators represents a reset of the system.
Power Failure
For AC power supply units, as a precaution, in the event of a power failure, unplug the Switch. When
power is resumed, plug the Switch back in.
Connecting DC Power to DES-3828DC
Follow the instructions below to connect the DC power supply of the DES-3828DC to the DC power
source.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Figure 2 - 4. Power connections attached to contacts on assembly
1. Firmly attach the DC power to the negative and positive contacts on the wiring assembly.
• The negative pole (-) connects to the -48V contact.
• The positive pole (+) connects to the -48V Return contact.
• If available, earth ground may be connected to center contact post.
2. Tighten the contact screws so the connection is secure.
RPS Installation
Follow the instructions below to connect the RPS power supply to the switch (DPS-200 to DES-3828
or DPS-600 to DES-3828P). The DPS-200 is a redundant power-supply unit designed to conform to
the voltage requirements of the switches being supported. DPS-200 can be installed into DPS-900, or
DPS-800.
CAUTION:
before proceeding with installation of the DPS-200.
DPS-900
The DPS-900 is a standard-size rack mount (5 standard unit in height) designed to hold up to 8 DPS200 redundant power supplies.
The AC power cord for the switch should be disconnected
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Figure 2 - 5. Install DPS-200 in DPS-900
The RPS can be mounted in a standard 19" rack. Use the following diagram to guide you.
Figure 2 - 6. Install DPS-900 in equipment rack
CAUTION: Installing systems in a rack without the front and side stabilizers installed
could cause the rack to tip over, potentially resulting in bodily injury under certain
circumstances. Therefore, always install the stabilizers before installing components in
the rack. After installing components in a rack, do not pull more than one component
out of the rack on its slide assemblies at one time. The weight of more than one
extended component could cause the rack to tip over and may result in injury.
DPS-800
The DPS-800 is a standard-size rack mount (1 standard unit in height) designed to hold up to 2 DPS200 redundant power supplies.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Figure 2 - 7. Install DPS-200 in DPS-800
The RPS can be mounted in a standard 19" rack. Use the following diagram to guide you.
Figure 2 - 8. Install DPS-800 in an Equipment Rack
Connect to RPS
The DPS-200 is connected to the Master Switch using a 14-pin DC power cable. A standard, threepronged AC power cable connects the redundant power supply to the main power source.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Figure 2 - 9. The DES-3828 with the DPS-200 chassis RPS
1. Insert one end of the 14-pin DC power cable into the receptacle on the switch and the other end
into the redundant power supply.
2. Using a standard AC power cable, connect the redundant power supply to the main AC power
source. A green LED on the front of the DPS-200 will glow to indicate a successful connection.
3. Re-connect the switch to the AC power source. On certain switches, such as the DES-3828, an
LED indicator will show that a redundant power supply is now in operation.
4. No change in switch configuration is necessary for this installation.
NOTE: See the DPS-200 documentation for more information.
CAUTION: Do not use the Switch with any redundant power system other than
the DPS-200 or DPS 600.
DPS-600
DES-3828P also supports the DPS-600 external redundant power supply.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
DES-3828P
DPS-600
Figure 2 - 10. DES-3828P with the DPS-600 External Redundant Rower Supply
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Section 3
Connecting The Switch
Switch To End Node
Switch To Hub or Switch
Connecting To Network Backbone or Server
NOTE: All 24 high-performance NWay Ethernet ports can
support both MDI-II and MDI-X connections.
Switch To End Node
End nodes include PCs outfitted with a 10, 100 or 1000 Mbps RJ 45 Ethernet/Fast Ethernet Network
Interface Card (NIC) and most routers. An end node can be connected to the Switch via a twisted-pair
Category 3, 4, or 5 UTP/STP cable. The end node should be connected to any of the ports of the
Switch.
Figure 3- 1. Switch connected to an end node
The Link/Act LEDs for each UTP port will light green or amber when the link is valid. A blinking
LED indicates packet activity on that port.
Switch to Hub or Switch
These connections can be accomplished in a number of ways using a normal cable.
• A 10BASE-T hub or switch can be connected to the Switch via a twisted-pair Category 3, 4
or 5 UTP/STP cable.
• A 100BASE-TX hub or switch can be connected to the Switch via a twisted-pair Category 5
UTP/STP cable.
• A 1000BASE-T switch can be connected to the Switch via a twisted pair Category 5e
UTP/STP cable.
• A switch supporting a fiber-optic uplink can be connected to the Switch’s SFP ports via fiber-
optic cabling.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
• The Switch can be changed to PoE mode with the Mode Select button. When the Switch is in
PoE Mode, DES-3828P works with all D-Link 802.3af capable devices. The Switch also
works in PoE mode with all non-802.3af capable D-Link AP, IP Cam and IP phone
equipment via DWL-P50.
CROSSOVER CABLE
Switch or Hub
STRAIGHT CABLE
4x4x2x2x 6x6x
5x5x3x3x11
7x7x
8x8x
Figure 3- 2. Switch connected to a normal (non-Uplink) port on a hub or switch using a straight or
crossover cable
NOTICE: When the SFP transceiver acquires a link, the
associated integrated 10/100/1000BASE-T port is disabled.
Connecting To Network Backbone or Server
The two Mini-GBIC combo ports are ideal for unlinking to a network backbone or server. The copper
ports operate at a speed of 1000, 100 or 10Mbps in full duplex mode. The fiber optic ports can operate
at 1000Mbps in full duplex mode. Connections to the Gigabit Ethernet ports are made using fiber optic
cable or Category 5 copper cable, depending on the type of port. A valid connection is indicated when
the Link LED is lit.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Section 4
Introduction To Switch Management
Management Options
Web-based Management Interface
SNMP-Based Management
Managing User Accounts
Command Line Console Interface Through The Serial Port
Connecting the Console Port (RS-232 DCE)
First Time Connecting to The Switch
Password Protection
SNMP Settings
IP Address Assignment
Management Options
This system may be managed out-of-band through the console port on the front panel or in-band using
Telnet. The user may also choose the web-based management, accessible through a web browser.
Web-based Management Interface
After you have successfully installed the Switch, you can configure the Switch, monitor the LED
panel, and display statistics graphically using a web browser, such as Netscape Navigator (version 6.2
and higher) or Microsoft® Internet Explorer (version 5.0).
SNMP-Based Management
You can manage the Switch with an SNMP-compatible console program. The Switch supports SNMP
version 1.0, version 2.0 and version 3.0. The SNMP agent decodes the incoming SNMP messages and
responds to requests with MIB objects stored in the database. The SNMP agent updates the MIB
objects to generate statistics and counters.
Connecting the Console Port (RS-232 DCE)
The Switch provides an RS-232 serial port that enables a connection to a computer or terminal for
monitoring and configuring the Switch. This port is a female DB-9 connector, implemented as a data
terminal equipment (DTE) connection.
To use the console port, you need the following equipment:
• A terminal or a computer with both a serial port and the ability to emulate a terminal.
• A null modem or crossover RS-232 cable with a female DB-9 connector for the console port
on the Switch.
To connect a terminal to the console port:
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
1. Connect the female connector of the RS-232 cable directly to the console port on the Switch,
and tighten the captive retaining screws.
2. Connect the other end of the cable to a terminal or to the serial connector of a computer
running terminal emulation software. Set the terminal emulation software as follows:
3. Select the appropriate serial port (COM port 1 or COM port 2).
4. Set the data rate to 9600 baud.
5. Set the data format to 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, and no parity.
6. Set flow control to none.
7. Under Properties, select VT100 for Emulation mode.
8. Select Terminal keys for Function, Arrow, and Ctrl keys. Ensure that you select Terminal keys
(not Windows keys).
NOTE: When you use HyperTerminal with the Microsoft® Windows® 2000
operating system, ensure that you have Windows 2000 Service Pack 2 or
later installed. Windows 2000 Service Pack 2 allows you to use arrow keys
in HyperTerminal's VT100 emulation. See www.microsoft.com for
information on Windows 2000 service packs.
9. After you have correctly set up the terminal, plug the power cable into the power receptacle on
the back of the Switch. The boot sequence appears in the terminal.
10. After the boot sequence completes, the console login screen displays.
11. If you have not logged into the command line interface (CLI) program, press the Enter key at
the User name and password prompts. There is no default user name and password for the
Switch. The administrator must first create user names and passwords. If you have previously
set up user accounts, log in and continue to configure the Switch.
12. Enter the commands to complete your desired tasks. Many commands require administratorlevel access privileges. Read the next section for more information on setting up user accounts.
See the xStatck DES-3800 Series CLI Manual on the documentation CD for a list of all
commands and additional information on using the CLI.
13. When you have completed your tasks, exit the session with the logout command or close the
emulator program.
14. Make sure the terminal or PC you are using to make this connection is configured to match
these settings.
If you are having problems making this connection on a PC, make sure the emulation is set to VT-100.
You will be able to set the emulation by clicking on the File menu in you HyperTerminal window,
clicking on Properties in the drop-down menu, and then clicking the Settings tab. This is where you
will find the Emulation options. If you still do not see anything, try rebooting the Switch by
disconnecting its power supply.
Once connected to the console, the screen below will appear on your console screen. This is where the
user will enter commands to perform all the available management functions. The Switch will prompt
the user to enter a user name and a password. Upon the initial connection, there is no user name or
password and therefore just press enter twice to access the command line interface.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Figure 4- 1. Initial screen after first connection
First Time Connecting to The Switch
The Switch supports user-based security that can allow you to prevent unauthorized users from
accessing the Switch or changing its settings. This section tells how to log onto the Switch.
NOTE: The passwords used to access the Switch are case-sensitive;
therefore, "S" is not the same as "s."
When you first connect to the Switch, you will be presented with the first login screen.
NOTE: Press Ctrl+R to refresh the screen. This command can be
used at any time to force the console program in the Switch to
refresh the console screen.
Press Enter in both the Username and Password fields. You will be given access to the command
prompt DES-3828:4# shown below:
There is no initial username or password. Leave the Username and Password fields blank.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Figure 4- 2. Command Prompt
NOTE: The first user automatically gets Administrator level privileges. It is
recommended to create at least one Admin-level user account for the
Switch.
Password Protection
The Switch does not have a default user name and password. One of the first tasks when settings up
the Switch is to create user accounts. If you log in using a predefined administrator-level user name,
you have privileged access to the Switch's management software.
After your initial login, define new passwords for both default user names to prevent unauthorized
access to the Switch, and record the passwords for future reference.
To create an administrator-level account for the Switch, do the following:
• At the CLI login prompt, enter create account admin followed by the <user name> and press
the Enter key.
• You will be asked to provide a password. Type the <password> used for the administrator
account being created and press the Enter key.
• You will be prompted to enter the same password again to verify it. Type the same password
and press the Enter key.
• Successful creation of the new administrator account will be verified by a Success message.
NOTE: Passwords are case sensitive. User names and
passwords can be up to 15 characters in length.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
The sample below illustrates a successful creation of a new administrator-level account with the user
name "newmanager".
DES-3828:4#create account admin newmanager
Command: create account admin newmanager
Enter a case-sensitive new password:********
Enter the new password again for confirmation:********
Success.
DES-3828:4#
NOTICE: CLI configuration commands only modify the running
configuration file and are not saved when the Switch is rebooted.
To save all your configuration changes in nonvolatile storage, you
must use the save command to copy the running configuration file
to the startup configuration.
SNMP Settings
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is an OSI Layer 7 (Application Layer) designed
specifically for managing and monitoring network devices. SNMP enables network management
stations to read and modify the settings of gateways, routers, switches, and other network devices. Use
SNMP to configure system features for proper operation, monitor performance and detect potential
problems in the Switch, switch group or network.
Managed devices that support SNMP include software (referred to as an agent), which runs locally on
the device. A defined set of variables (managed objects) is maintained by the SNMP agent and used to
manage the device. These objects are defined in a Management Information Base (MIB), which
provides a standard presentation of the information controlled by the on-board SNMP agent. SNMP
defines both the format of the MIB specifications and the protocol used to access this information over
the network.
The DES-3800 Series supports SNMP versions 1, 2c, and 3. You can specify which version of SNMP
you want to use to monitor and control the Switch. The three versions of SNMP vary in the level of
security provided between the management station and the network device.
In SNMP v.1 and v.2, user authentication is accomplished using 'community strings', which function
like passwords. The remote user SNMP application and the Switch SNMP must use the same
community string. SNMP packets from any station that has not been authenticated are ignored
(dropped).
The default community strings for the Switch used for SNMP v.1 and v.2 management access are:
• public - Allows authorized management stations to retrieve MIB objects.
• private - Allows authorized management stations to retrieve and modify MIB objects.
SNMP v.3 uses a more sophisticated authentication process that is separated into two parts. The first
part is to maintain a list of users and their attributes that are allowed to act as SNMP managers. The
second part describes what each user on that list can do as an SNMP manager.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
The Switch allows groups of users to be listed and configured with a shared set of privileges. The
SNMP version may also be set for a listed group of SNMP managers. Thus, you may create a group of
SNMP managers that are allowed to view read-only information or receive traps using SNMP v.1
while assigning a higher level of security to another group, granting read/write privileges using SNMP
v.3.
Using SNMP v.3 individual users or groups of SNMP managers can be allowed to perform or be
restricted from performing specific SNMP management functions. The functions allowed or restricted
are defined using the Object Identifier (OID) associated with a specific MIB. An additional layer of
security is available for SNMP v.3 in that SNMP messages may be encrypted. To read more about
how to configure SNMP v.3 settings for the Switch read the section entitled Management.
Traps
Traps are messages that alert network personnel of events that occur on the Switch. The events can be
as serious as a reboot (someone accidentally turned OFF the Switch), or less serious like a port status
change. The Switch generates traps and sends them to the trap recipient (or network manager). Typical
traps include trap messages for Authentication Failure, Topology Change and Broadcast\Multicast
Storm.
MIBs
The Switch in the Management Information Base (MIB) stores management and counter information.
The Switch uses the standard MIB-II Management Information Base module. Consequently, values for
MIB objects can be retrieved from any SNMP-based network management software. In addition to the
standard MIB-II, the Switch also supports its own proprietary enterprise MIB as an extended
Management Information Base. Specifying the MIB Object Identifier may also retrieve the proprietary
MIB. MIB values can be either read-only or read-write.
IP Address Assignment
Each Switch must be assigned its own IP Address, which is used for communication with an SNMP
network manager or other TCP/IP application (for example BOOTP, TFTP). The Switch's default IP
address is 10.90.90.90. You can change the default Switch IP address to meet the specification of your
networking address scheme.
The Switch is also assigned a unique MAC address by the factory. This MAC address cannot be
changed, and can be found by entering the command "show switch" into the command line interface,
as shown below.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Figure 4- 3. Show switch command
The Switch's MAC address can also be found from the Web management program on the Switch
Information (Basic Settings) window on the Configuration menu.
The IP address for the Switch must be set before it can be managed with the Web-based manager. The
Switch IP address can be automatically set using BOOTP or DHCP protocols, in which case the actual
address assigned to the Switch must be known.
The IP address may be set using the Command Line Interface (CLI) over the console serial port as
follows:
Starting at the command line prompt, enter the commands
config ipif System ipaddress xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/yyy.yyy.yyy.yyy
Where the x's represent the IP address to be assigned to the IP interface named System and the y's
represent the corresponding subnet mask.
Alternatively, you can enter config ipif System ipaddress xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/z. Where the x's represent
the IP address to be assigned to the IP interface named System and the z represents the corresponding
number of subnets in CIDR notation.
The IP interface named System on the Switch can be assigned an IP address and subnet mask, and
then be used to connect a management station to the Switch's Telnet or Web-based management agent.
24
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Figure 4- 4. Assigning the Switch an IP Address
In the above example, the Switch was assigned an IP address of 10.58.44.6 with a subnet mask of
255.0.0.0. The system message Success indicates that the command was executed successfully. The
Switch can now be configured and managed via Telnet and the CLI or via the Web-based
management.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Section 5
Web-based Switch Configuration
Introduction
Login To Web manager
Web-Based User Interface
Basic Setup
Reboot
Basic Switch Setup
Network Management
Switch Utilities
Network Monitoring
IGMP Snooping Status
Introduction
All software functions of the Switch can be managed, configured and monitored via the embedded
web-based (HTML) interface. The Switch can be managed from remote stations anywhere on the
network through a standard browser such as Opera, Netscape Navigator/Communicator, or Microsoft
Internet Explorer. The browser acts as a universal access tool and can communicate directly with the
Switch using the HTTP protocol.
The Web-based management module and the Console program (and Telnet) are different ways to
access the same internal switching software and configure it. Thus, all settings encountered in webbased management are the same as those found in the console program.
Login to Web Manager
To begin managing your Switch, simply run the browser you have installed on your computer and
point it to the IP address you have defined for the device. The URL in the address bar should read
something like: http://123.123.123.123, where the numbers 123 represent the IP address of the Switch.
NOTE: The Factory default IP address for the Switch is
10.90.90.90.
This opens the management module's user authentication window, as seen below.
26
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
play
Figure 5- 1. Enter Network Password window
Leave both the User Name field and the Password field blank and click OK. This will open the Webbased user interface. The Switch management features available in the web-based manager are
explained below.
Web-based User Interface
The user interface provides access to various Switch configuration and management screens, allows
you to view performance statistics, and permits you to graphically monitor the system status.
Areas of the User Interface
The figure below shows the user interface. The user interface is divided into three distinct areas as
described in the table.
Area 2
Area 1
Area 3
Area Function
Area 1
Select the menu or window to be displayed. The folder icons can be opened to
dis
Figure 5- 2. Main Web-Manager page
the hyperlinked menu buttons and subfolders contained within them. Click
27
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
the D-Link logo to go to the D-Link website.
Area 2
Area 3
Presents a graphical near real-time image of the front panel of the Switch. This area
displays the Switch's ports and expansion modules, showing port activity, duplex
mode, or flow control, depending on the specified mode.
Various areas of the graphic can be selected for performing management functions,
including port configuration.
Presents switch information based on your selection and the entry of configuration
data.
NOTICE: Any changes made to the Switch configuration
during the current session must be saved in the Save
Changes web menu (explained below) or use the command
line interface (CLI) command save.
Web Pages
When you connect to the management mode of the Switch with a web browser, a login window is
displayed. Enter a user name and password to access the Switch's management mode.
Below is a list and description of the main folders available in the web interface:
Administration – Contains windows concerning Device Information, IP Address, Port Configuration,
User Accounts, Port Mirroring, System Log Settings, System Severity Settings, SNTP Settings, MAC
Notification Settings, TFTP Services, Mulitple Image Services, Ping Test, SNMP Manager, and Single
IP Management Settings
Layer 2 Features – Contains windows concerning VLAN, Trunking, IGMP Snooping, Spanning
Tree, and Forwarding.
Layer 3 Features – Contains windows concerning IP Interface Settings, MD5 Key Settings, Route
Redistribution Settings, Static/Dynamic Route Setings, Route Preference Settings, Static ARP
Settings, RIP, OSPF, DHCP/BOOTP Relay, DNS Relay, VRRP, and IP Multicast Routing Settings.
QoS – Contains windows concerning Bandwidth Control, QoS Scheduling Mechanism, QoS Output
Scheduling, 802.1P Default Priority and 802.1P User Priority.
ACL – Contains the window for Access Profile Table.
Security – Contains windows for Traffic Control, Port Security, Port Lock Entries, 802.1x, Trusted
Host, Access Authentication Control, Traffic Segmentation, SSL, SSH, and IP-MAC Binding.
Monitoring – Contains the window for Device Status, CPU Utilization, Port Utilization, Packet
Errors, Packet Size, Browse Router Port, Port Access Control, MAC Address Table, IP Address Table,
Browse Routing Table, Browse ARP Table, Browse IP Mulitcast Forwarding Table, IGMP Snooping
Group, IGMP Snooping Forwarding, Browse IGMP Group Table, DVMRP Monitor, OSPF Monitor
and Switch Log.
Monitoring – Contains windows concerning monitoring the Switch, pertaining to Port Utilization,
CPU Utilization, Packets, Errors Size, MAC Address, IGMP Snooping Group, IGMP Snooping
Forwarding, VLAN Status, Router Port, Port Access Control and Layer 3 Feature.
NOTE: Be sure to configure the user name and password in
the User Accounts menu before connecting the Switch to the
greater network.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Administration
Device Information
IP Address
PoE
Port Configuration
User Accounts
Port Mirroring
System Log Settings
System Severity Settings
SNTP Settings
MAC Notification Settings
TFTP Services
Section 6
Mulitple Image Services
Ping Test
SNMP Manager
Single IP Management Settings
Device Information
The Device Information window contains the main settings for all major functions for the Switch. It
appears automatically when you log on to the Switch. To return to the Device Information window
after viewing other windows, click the DES-3828 Web Management Tool folder. The Device
Information window shows the Switch’s MAC Address (assigned by the factory and unchangeable),
the Boot PROM, Firmware Version, and Hardware Version. This information is helpful to keep
track of PROM and firmware updates and to obtain the Switch's MAC address for entry into another
network device's address table, if necessary. The user may also enter a System Name, System
Location and System Contact to aid in defining the Switch, to the user's preference. In addition, this
screen displays the status of functions on the Switch to quickly assess their current global status. Some
Functions are hyper-linked for easy access from the Device Information window.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Figure 6- 1. Device Information window
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
The fields that can be configured are described below:
Parameter Description
Serial Port Auto
Logout Time
Serial Baud Rate
MAC Address Aging
Time
IGMP Snooping
Multicast Router
Only
GVRP Status
Telnet Status
Telnet TCP Port
Number (1-65535)
Web Status
RMON Status
SNMP Status
Link Aggregation
Algorithm
802.1x Status
802.1x
Authentication
Protocol
HOL Prevention
Select the logout time used for the console interface. This automatically logs the user
out after an idle period of time, as defined. Choose from the following options: 2
Minutes, 5 Minutes, 10 Minutes, 15 Minutes or Never. The default setting is 10
minutes.
This field specifies the baud rate for the serial port on the Switch. This fields menu is
set at 115200 and cannot be changed.
This field specifies the length of time a learned MAC Address will remain in the
forwarding table without being accessed (that is, how long a learned MAC Address is
allowed to remain idle). To change this, type in a different value representing the MAC
address age-out time in seconds. The MAC Address Aging Time can be set to any
value between 10 and 1,000,000 seconds. The default setting is 300 seconds.
To enable system-wide IGMP Snooping capability select Enabled. IGMP snooping is
Disabled by default. Enabling IGMP snooping allows you to specify use of a multicast
router only (see below). To configure IGMP Snooping for individual VLANs, use the
IGMP Snooping window under the IGMP folder.
This field specifies that the Switch should only forward all multicast traffic to a
multicast-enabled router, if enabled. Otherwise, the Switch will forward all multicast
traffic to any IP router. The default is Disabled.
Use this pull-down menu to enable or disable GVRP on the Switch.
Telnet configuration is Enabled by default. If you do not want to allow configuration of
the system through Telnet choose Disabled.
The TCP port number. TCP ports are numbered between 1 and 65535. The "well-
known" TCP port for the Telnet protocol is 23.
Web-based management is Enabled by default. If you choose to disable this by select-
ing Disabled, you will lose the ability to configure the system through the web interface
as soon as these settings are applied.
Remote monitoring (RMON) of the Switch is Enabled or Disabled here.
Simple Network Monitoring Protocol (SNMP) of the Switch is Enabled or Disabled
here. The Default is Disabled.
The algorithm that the Switch uses to balance the load across the ports that make up
the port trunk group is defined by this definition. Choose MAC Source, MAC
Destination, MAC Src & Dest, IP Source, IP Destination or IP Src & Dest (See the Link
Aggregation section of this manual).
MAC Address may enable by port or the Switch’s 802.1x function; the default is
Disabled. This field must be enabled to view and configure certain windows for 802.1x.
More information regarding 802.1x, its functions and implementation can be found
later in this section, under the Port Access Entity folder.
Port-Based 802.1x specifies that ports configured for 802.1x are initialized based on
the port number only and are subject to any authorization parameters configured.
MAC-based Authorization specifies that ports configured for 802.1x are initialized
based on the port number and the MAC address of the computer being authorized and
are then subject to any authorization parameters configured.
The user may use the pull-down menu to choose between radius eap and radius pap
for the 802.1x authentication protocol on the Switch. The default setting is radius eap.
If this option is enabled it prevents the forwarding of data to a port that is blocked.
Traffic that would normally be sent to the buffer memory of the Switch’s TX queue is
dropped so that memory usage is conserved and performance across all ports
remains high.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Jumbo Frame
Syslog Global State
DVMRP State
PIM DM State
RIP State
OSPF State
ARP Aging Time (0-
65535)
CPU Interface
Filtering
This field will enable or disable the Jumbo Frame function on the Switch. The default is
Disabled.
Enables or disables Syslog State; default is Disabled.
The user may globally enable or disable the Distance Vector Multicast Routing
Protocol (DVMRP) function by using the pull down menu.
The user may globally enable or disable the Protocol Independent Multicast - Dense
Mode (PIM-DM) function by using the pull down menu.
The user may globally enable or disable the Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
function by using the pull down menu.
The user may globally enable or disable the Open Shortest Path first (OSPF) function
by using the pull down menu.
The user may globally set the maximum amount of time, in minutes, that an Address
Resolution Protocol (ARP) entry can remain in the Switch’s ARP table, without being
accessed, before it is dropped from the table. The value may be set in the range of 065535 minutes with a default setting of 20 minutes.
The user may globally enable or disable the CPU Interface Filtering function by using
the pull down menu.
Click Apply to implement changes made.
IP Address
The IP Address may initially be set using the console interface prior to connecting to it through the
Ethernet. If the Switch IP address has not yet been changed, read the introduction of the xStack DES-
3800 Series CLI Manual or return to Section 4 of this manual for more information. To change IP
settings using the web manager you must access the IP Address menu located in the Administration
folder.
To configure the Switch's IP address:
Open the Administration folder and click the IP Address menu link. The web manager will display
the Switch's current IP settings in the IP configuration menu, as seen below.
Figure 6- 2. IP Address Settings window
To manually assign the Switch's IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway address:
1. Select Manual from the Get IP From drop-down menu.
2. Enter the appropriate IP Address and Subnet Mask.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
g
3. If you want to access the Switch from a different subnet from the one it is installed on, enter
the IP address of the Default Gateway. If you will manage the Switch from the subnet on
which it is installed, you can leave the default address (0.0.0.0) in this field.
4. If no VLANs have been previously configured on the Switch, you can use the default VLAN
Name. The default VLAN contains all of the Switch ports as members. If VLANs have been
previously configured on the Switch, you will need to enter the VLAN ID of the VLAN that
contains the port connected to the management station that will access the Switch. The Switch
will allow management access from stations with the same VID listed here.
NOTE: The Switch's factory default IP address is 10.90.90.90
with a subnet mask of 255.0.0.0 and a default gateway of
0.0.0.0.
To use the BOOTP or DHCP protocols to assign the Switch an IP address, subnet mask, and default
gateway address:
Use the Get IP From pull-down menu to choose from BOOTP or DHCP. This selects how the Switch
will be assigned an IP address on the next reboot.
NOTE: If you enable the AutoConfig, the Get IP From
setting will automatically become DHCP.
The IP Address Settings options are:
Parameter Description
BOOTP
DHCP
Manual
Subnet Mask
Default Gateway
The Switch will send out a BOOTP broadcast request when it is powered up. The
BOOTP protocol allows IP addresses, network masks, and default gateways to be
assigned by a central BOOTP server. If this option is set, the Switch will first look for a
BOOTP server to provide it with this information before using the default or previously
entered settings.
The Switch will send out a DHCP broadcast request when it is powered up. The DHCP
protocol allows IP addresses, network masks, and default gateways to be assigned by
a DHCP server. If this option is set, the Switch will first look for a DHCP server to
provide it with this information before using the default or previously entered settings.
Allows the entry of an IP address, Subnet Mask, and a Default Gateway for the Switch.
These fields should be of the form xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx, where each xxx is a number
(represented in decimal form) between 0 and 255. This address should be a unique
address on the network assigned for use by the network administrator.
A Bitmask that determines the extent of the subnet that the Switch is on. Should be of
the form xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx, where each xxx is a number (represented in decimal)
between 0 and 255. The value should be 255.0.0.0 for a Class A network, 255.255.0.0
for a Class B network, and 255.255.255.0 for a Class C network, but custom subnet
masks are allowed.
IP address that determines where packets with a destination address outside the
current subnet should be sent. This is usually the address of a router or a host acting
as an IP gateway. If your network is not part of an intranet, or you do not want the
Switch to be accessible outside your local network, you can leave this field unchanged.
VLAN Name
This allows the entry of a VLAN Name from which a management station will be
allowed to manage the Switch using TCP/IP (in-band via web manager or Telnet).
Mana
ement stations that are on VLANs other than the one entered here will not be
33
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
able to manage the Switch in-band unless their IP addresses are entered in the
Security IP Management menu. If VLANs have not yet been configured for the Switch,
the default VLAN contains all of the Switch's ports. There are no entries in the Security
IP Management table, by default, so any management station that can connect to the
Switch can access the Switch until a management VLAN is specified or Management
Station IP Addresses are assigned.
Click Apply to let your changes take effect.
Setting the Switch's IP Address using the Console Interface
Each Switch must be assigned its own IP Address, which is used for communication with an SNMP
network manager or other TCP/IP application (for example BOOTP, TFTP). The Switch's default IP
address is 10.90.90.90. You can change the default Switch IP address to meet the specification of your
networking address scheme.
The IP address for the Switch must be set before it can be managed with the Web-based manager. The
Switch IP address can be automatically set using BOOTP or DHCP protocols, in which case the actual
address assigned to the Switch must be known. The IP address may be set using the Command Line
Interface (CLI) over the console serial port as follows:
• Starting at the command line prompt, enter the commands config ipif System ipaddress
xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/ yyy.yyy.yyy.yyy. Where the x's represent the IP address to be assigned to
the IP interface named System and the y's represent the corresponding subnet mask.
• Alternatively, you can enter config ipif System ipaddress xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/z. Where the
x's represent the IP address to be assigned to the IP interface named System and the z
represents the corresponding number of subnets in CIDR notation.
The IP interface named System on the Switch can be assigned an IP address and subnet mask, which
can then be used to connect a management station to the Switch's Telnet or Web-based management
agent.
The system message Success indicates that the command was executed successfully. The Switch can
now be configured and managed via Telnet and the CLI or via the Web-based management agent
using the above IP address to connect to the Switch.
Port Configuration
This section contains information for configuring various attributes and properties for individual
physical ports, including port speed and flow control.
Port Settings
Click Administration > Port Configuration > Port Settings to display the following window:
To configure switch ports:
1. Choose the port or sequential range of ports using the From…To… port pull-down menus.
2. Use the remaining pull-down menus to configure the parameters described below:
34
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
p
Figure 6- 3. Port Configuration window
The following parameters can be configured:
Parameter Description
State <Enabled>
Speed/Duplex <Auto>
Toggle the State field to either enable or disable a given port or group of ports.
Toggle the Speed/Duplex field to either select the speed and duplex/halfduplex state of the port. Auto denotes auto-negotiation between 10 and 100
Mb
s devices, in full- or half-duplex. The Auto setting allows the port to
35
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
automatically determine the fastest settings the device the port is connected to
can handle, and then to use those settings. The other options are Auto,
10M/Half, 10M/Full, 100M/Half, 100M/Full and 1000/full. There is no automatic
adjustment of port settings with any option other than Auto.
Flow Control
Learn
Displays the flow control scheme used for the various port configurations.
Ports configured for full-duplex use 802.3x flow control, half-duplex ports use
backpressure flow control, and Auto ports use an automatic selection of the
two. The default is Disabled.
Enable or disable MAC address learning for the selected ports. When Enabled,
destination and source MAC addresses are automatically listed in the
forwarding table. When learning is Disabled, MAC addresses must be
manually entered into the forwarding table. This is sometimes done for
reasons of security or efficiency. See the section on Forwarding/Filtering for
information on entering MAC addresses into the forwarding table. The default
setting is Disabled.
Click Apply to implement the new settings on the Switch.
Port Description
The Switch supports a port description feature where the user may name various ports on the Switch.
To assign names to various ports, click Administration > Port Configuration > Port Description to
view the following window:
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Figure 6- 4. Port Description Setting window
Use the From and To pull down menu to choose a port or range of ports to describe, and then enter a
description of the port(s). Click Apply to set the descriptions in the Port Description Table.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
PoE Configuration
DES-3828P supports Power over Ethernet (PoE) as defined by the IEEE 802.3af specification. Ports 124 can supply 48 VDC power to PDs over Category 5 or Category 3 UTP Ethernet cables. DES-3828P
follows the standard PSE pinout Alternative A, whereby power is sent out over pins 1,2,3 and 6. DES3828P works with all D-Link 802.3af capable devices. The Switch also works in PoE mode with all
non-802.3af capable D-Link AP, IP Cam and IP phone equipment via DWL-P50.
DES-3828P includes the following PoE features:
• Auto-discovery recognizes the connection of a PD and automatically sends power to it.
• The Auto-disable feature will occur under two conditions: first, if the total power
consumption exceeds the system power limit; and second, if the per port power consumption
exceeds the per port power limit.
• Active circuit protection automatically disables the port if there is a short. Other ports will
remain active.
PDs receive power according to the following classification:
Class Usage Max power used by PD
0 Default 0.44 to 12.95W
1 Optional 0.44 to 3.84W
2 Optional 3.84 to 6.49W
3 Optional 6.49 to 12.95W
4 Not allowed Reserved
PSE provides power according to the following classification:
Class Usage Max power used by PD
0 Default 15.4W
1 Optional 4.0W
2 Optional 7.0W
3 Optional 15.4W
4 Reserved 15.4W
To configure the PoE features on DES-3828P, click Administation > PoE Configuration. The PoE
System window is used to assign a power limit and power disconnect method for the whole PoE
system. To configure the Power Limit for the PoE sytem enter a value between 37W and 370W in the
Power Limit field. The default setting is 370 W. When the total consumed power exceeds the power
limit, the PoE controller (located in the PSE) disconnects the power to prevent overloading the power
supply. The PoE controller uses either Deny next port or Deny low priority port to implement the
disconnectection. Use the drop down menu to selecet a Power Disconnect Method method. The
default for the Power Disconnect Method is Deny next port. Both Power Disconnection Methods are
described below:
Parameter Description
Deny Next Port
After the power limit has been exceeded, the next port attempting to power up is denied,
regardless of its priority.
38
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Deny Low Priority
Port
After the power limit has been exceeded, the next port attempting to power up causes
the port with the lowest priority to shut down to allow the high-priority and critical priority
ports to power up.
Click Apply to implement the new PoE System changes.
39
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Figure 6- 5. PoE Configuration window
40
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
The PoE Configuration portion of the window is used to configure the PoE port settings.
The following parameters can be set:
Parameter Description
From/To
State
Priority
Power Limit
Specifies a range of ports to be configured.
Enables or disables the PoE function.
Setting the port priority affects power-up order and shutdown order:
• Power-up order: After a rest, the ports are powered up according to their
priority (critical first, then high and finally low).
• Shutdown order: When power limit has been exceeded, the ports are shut
down according to their priority (critical first, then high and finally low). if the
Power Disconnect Method is set to Deny low priority port.
Configure the per-port power limit. If a port exceeds 10% of its power limit (according to
the characteristic of PoE chip set), the PoE system will shut down that port. Minimum
setting is 1000 mW and maximum is 16800 mW. Default setting is 15400 mW.
Click Apply to implement changes to the PoE Port Configuation.
User Accounts
Use the User Account Management window to control user privileges. To view existing User
Accounts, open the Administration folder and click on the User Accounts link. This will open the
User Account Management window, as shown below.
Figure 6- 6. User Accounts Management window
To add a new user, click on the Add button. To modify or delete an existing user, click on the Modify
button for that user.
Figure 6- 7. User Accounts Modify Table window - Add
41
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Add a new user by typing in a User Name, and New Password and retype the same password in the
Confirm New Password. Choose the level of privilege (Admin or User) from the Access Right dropdown menu.
Figure 6- 8. User Accounts Modify Table window - Modify
Modify or delete an existing user account in the User Account Modify Table. To delete the user
account, click on the Delete button. To change the password, type in the New Password and retype it
in the Confirm New Password entry field. The level of privilege (Admin or User) can be viewed in the
Access Right field.
Port Mirroring
The Switch allows you to copy frames transmitted and received on a port and redirect the copies to
another port. You can attach a monitoring device to the mirrored port, such as a sniffer or an RMON
probe, to view details about the packets passing through the first port. This is useful for network
monitoring and troubleshooting purposes. To view the Port Mirroring window, click Port Mirroring
in the Administration folder.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Figure 6- 9. Setup Port Mirroring window
To configure a mirror port:
1. Select the Source Port from where you want to copy frames and the Target Port, which
receives the copies from the source port.
2. Select the Source Direction, Ingress, Egress, or Both and change the Status drop-down menu to
Enabled.
3. Click Apply to let the changes take effect.
System Log Host
The Switch can send Syslog messages to up to four designated servers using the System Log Server.
In the Administration folder, click System Log Host, to view the window shown below.
Figure 6- 10. System Log Servers window
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
The parameters configured for adding and editing System Log Server settings are the same. See the
table below for a description.
Figure 6- 11. System Log Server window – Add
The following parameters can be set:
Parameter Description
Index
Server IP
Severity
Facility
Syslog server settings index (1-4).
The IP address of the Syslog server.
This drop-down menu allows you to select the level of messages that will be sent. The
options are Warning, Informational, and All.
Some of the operating system daemons and processes have been assigned Facility
values. Processes and daemons that have not been explicitly assigned a Facility may
use any of the "local use" facilities or they may use the "user-level" Facility. Those
Facilities that have been designated are shown in the following: Bold font means the
facility values that the Switch currently now.
Numerical Facility
Code
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
0
1
2
3
4
5
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
kernel messages
user-level messages
mail system
system daemons
security/authorization messages
messages generated internally by syslog line printer subsystem
network news subsystem
UUCP subsystem
clock daemon
security/authorization messages
FTP daemon
NTP subsystem
log audit
log alert
clock daemon
local use 0 (local0)
local use 1 (local1)
local use 2 (local2)
local use 3 (local3)
local use 4 (local4)
local use 5 (local5)
local use 6 (local6)
local use 7 (local7)
UDP Port (514 or
6000-65535)
Status
Type the UDP port number used for sending Syslog messages. The default is 0.
Choose Enabled or Disabled to activate or deactivate.
Figure 6- 12. System Log Server window – Edit
To set the System Log Server configuration, click Apply. To delete an entry from the System Log
Server window, click the corresponding X under the Delete heading of the entry you wish to delete.
To return to the Current System Log Servers window, click the Show All System Log Servers link.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
NOTE: You cannot mirror a fast port onto a slower port. For example, if you try
to mirror the traffic from a 100 Mbps port onto a 10 Mbps port, this can cause
throughput problems. The port you are copying frames from should always
support an equal or lower speed than the port to which you are sending the
copies. Also, the target port for the mirroring cannot be a member of a trunk
group. Please note a target port and a source port cannot be the same port.
System Severity Settings
The Switch can be configured to allow alerts be logged or sent as a trap to an SNMP agent or both.
The level at which the alert triggers either a log entry or a trap message can be set as well. Use the
System Severity Settings menu to set the criteria for alerts. The current settings are displayed below
the Settings menu. In the Administration folder, click System Severity Settings, to view the window
shown below.
Figure 6- 13. System Severity Settings
Use the drop-down menus to configure the parameters described below.
Parameter Description
System Severity
Severity Level
Choose how the alerts are used from the drop-down menu. Select log to send
the alert of the Severity Type configured to the Switch’s log for analysis.
Choose trap to send it to an SNMP agent for analysis. Or select all to send the
chosen alert type to an SNMP agent and the Switch’s log for analysis.
Choose what level of alert will trigger sending the log entry or trap message as
defined by the Severity Name. Select critical to send only critical events to the
Switch’s log or SNMP agent. Choose warning to send critical and warning
events to the Switch’s log or SNMP agent. Select information send
informational, warning and critical events to the Switch’s log or SNMP agent.
Click Apply to implement the new System Severity Settings.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
SNTP Settings
Time Settings
To configure the time settings for the Switch, open the Administration folder. Then the SNTP
Settings folder and click on the Time Settings link, revealing the following window for the user to
configure.
Figure 6- 14. Current Time: Status window
The following parameters can be set or are displayed:
Parameter Description
Current Time: Status
System Boot Time
Current Time
Time Source
SNTP State
SNTP Primary Server
SNTP Secondary
Server
Displays the time when the Switch was initially started for this session.
Displays the Current Time.
Displays the time source for the system.
Current Time: SNTP Settings
Use this pull-down menu to Enabled or Disabled SNTP.
This is the IP address of the primary server the SNTP information will be taken from.
This is the IP address of the secondary server the SNTP information will be taken
from.
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SNTP Poll Interval in
Seconds (30-99999)
Year
Month
Day
Time in HH MM SS
This is the interval, in seconds, between requests for updated SNTP information.
Current Time: Set Current Time
Enter the current year, if you want to update the system clock.
Enter the current month, if you would like to update the system clock.
Enter the current day, if you would like to update the system clock.
Enter the current time in hours, minutes, and seconds.
Click Apply to implement your changes.
Time Zone and DST
The following are windows used to configure time zones and Daylight Savings time settings for
SNTP. Open the Administration folder, then the SNTP Settings folder and click on the Time Zone
and DST link, revealing the following window.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Figure 6- 15. Time Zone and DST Settings window
The following parameters can be set:
Parameter Description
Time Zone and DST Settings
Daylight Saving
Time State
Daylight Saving
Time Offset in
Minutes
Time Zone Offset
from GMT in +/-
Use this pull-down menu to enable or disable the DST Settings.
Use this pull-down menu to specify the amount of time that will constitute your local DST
offset - 30, 60, 90, or 120 minutes.
Use these pull-down menus to specify your local time zone's offset from Greenwich
Mean Time (GMT.)
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
HH:MM
DST Repeating Settings - Using repeating mode will enable DST seasonal time adjustment. Repeating mode
requires that the DST beginning and ending date be specified using a formula. For example, specify to begin
DST on Saturday during the second week of April and end DST on Sunday during the last week of October.
From: Which Day
From: Day of Week
From: Month
From: time in
HH:MM
To: Which Day
To: Day of Week
To: Month
To: time in HH:MM
DST Annual Settings - Using annual mode will enable DST seasonal time adjustment. Annual mode requires
that the DST beginning and ending date be specified concisely. For example, specify to begin DST on April 3
and end DST on October 14.
From: Month
From: Day
Enter the week of the month that DST will start.
Enter the day of the week that DST will start on.
Enter the month DST will start on.
Enter the time of day that DST will start on.
Enter the week of the month the DST will end.
Enter the day of the week that DST will end.
Enter the month that DST will end.
Enter the time DST will end.
Enter the month DST will start on, each year.
Enter the day of the week DST will start on, each year.
From: Time in
HH:MM
To: Month
To: Day
To: Time in HH:MM
Enter the time of day DST will start on, each year.
Enter the month DST will end on, each year.
Enter the day of the week DST will end on, each year.
Enter the time of day that DST will end on, each year.
Click Apply to implement changes made to the Time Zone and DST window.
MAC Notification Settings
MAC Notification is used to monitor MAC addresses learned and entered into the forwarding
database. To globally set MAC notification on the Switch, open the following window by opening the
MAC Notification Settings in the Administration folder.
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Figure 6- 16. MAC Notification Settings
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Global Settings
The following parameters may be viewed and modified:
Parameter Description
State
Interval (sec)
History size
Enable or disable MAC notification globally on the Switch
The time in seconds between notifications.
The maximum number of entries listed in the history log used for notification. Up to
500 entries can be specified.
Port Settings
To change MAC notification settings for a port or group of ports on the Switch, configure the
following parameters.
Parameter Description
From…To
State
Select a port or group of ports to enable for MAC notification using the pulldown menus.
Enable MAC Notification for the ports selected using the pull-down menu.
Click Apply to implement changes made.
TFTP Services
Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) services allow the Switch's firmware to be upgraded by
transferring a new firmware file from a TFTP server to the Switch. A configuration file can also be
loaded into the Switch from a TFTP server. Switch settings can be saved to the TFTP server, and a
history log can be uploaded from the Switch to the TFTP server. The TFTP server must be on the
same IP subnet as the Switch.The TFTP server must be running TFTP server software to perform the
file transfer. TFTP server software is a part of many network management software packages – such
as NetSight, or can be obtained as a separate program. To update the Switch's firmware or
configuration file, open the TFTP Services hyperlink, located in the Administration folder.
.
Figure 6- 17. Download/Update Firmware and configuration files from a TFTP Server window
The following parameters can be configured:
Parameter Description
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Active
Image ID
Server IP Address
Select a service for the TFTP server to perform from the drop down window:
• Download Firmware - Enter the IP address of the TFTP server and specify
the location of the new firmware on the TFTP server. Click Start to record
the IP address of the TFTP server and to initiate the file transfer.
• Download Configuration - Enter the IP address of the TFTP server, and
the path and filename for the Configuration file on the TFTP server. Click
Start to record the IP address of the TFTP server and to initiate the file
transfer.
• Upload Configuration - Enter the IP address of the TFTP server and the
path and filename for the switch settings on the TFTP server. Click Start to
record the IP address of the TFTP server and to initiate the file transfer.
• Upload Log - Enter the IP address of the TFTP server and the path and
filename for the history log on the TFTP server. Click Start to record the IP
address of the TFTP server and to initiate the file transfer.
Select the Image ID of the firmware. The Switch can hold two firmware images in its
memory. Image ID 1 will always be the boot up firmware for the Switch unless
specified by the user. Choosing Active will download the firmware to the Boot Up
Image ID, depending on the user’s configuration. Information on configuring Image
IDs can be found in this section, under the heading Multiple Image Services.
Enter the IP address of the server from which you wish to download firmware.
File Name
Enter the path and filename of the firmware or configuration file that you wish to
upload or download.
Multiple Image Services
The Multiple Image Services folder allows users of the Switch to configure and view information
regarding firmware located on the Switch. The Switch allows two firmware images to be stored in its
memory and either can be configured to be the boot up firmware for the Switch. For information
regarding firmware images located on the Switch, open the Firmware Information link. The default
setting for the Switch’s firmware will have the boot up firmware stored in Image 1, but the user may
set either firmware stored to be the boot up firmware by using the Config Firmware Image window.
Firmware Information
The following screen allows the user to view information about current firmware images stored on the
Switch. To access the following screen, click Administration > Multiple Image Services.
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Figure 6- 18. Firmware Information window
This window holds the following information:
Parameter Description
ID
States the image ID number of the firmware in the Switch’s memory. The Switch can
store 2 firmware images for use. Image ID 1 will be the default boot up firmware for
the Switch unless otherwise configured by the user.
Version
Size
Update Time
From
States the firmware version.
States the size of the corresponding firmware, in bytes.
States the specific time the firmware version was downloaded to the Switch.
States the IP address of the origin of the firmware. There are five ways firmware may
be downloaded to the Switch.
• R – If the IP address has this letter attached to it, it denotes a firmware
upgrade through the Console Serial Port (RS-232).
• T - If the IP address has this letter attached to it, it denotes a firmware
upgrade through Telnet.
• S - If the IP address has this letter attached to it, it denotes a firmware
upgrade through the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP).
• W - If the IP address has this letter attached to it, it denotes a firmware
upgrade through the web-based management interface.
• SIM – If the IP address has this letter attached to it, it denotes a firmware
upgrade through the Single IP Management feature.
User
States the user who downloaded the firmware. This field may read “Anonymous” or
“Unknown” for users that are not identified.
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Ping Test
Ping is a small program that sends ICMP Echo packets to the IP address you specify. The destination
node then responds to or "echoes" the packets sent from the Switch. This is very useful to verify
connectivity between the Switch and other nodes on the network.
Figure 6- 19. Ping Test window
The user may use Infinite times radio button, in the Repeat Pinging for field, which will tell the ping
program to keep sending ICMP Echo packets to the specified IP address until the program is stopped.
The user may opt to choose a specific number of times to ping the Target IP Address by clicking its
radio button and entering a number between 1 and 255. Click Start to initiate the Ping program.
SNMP Manager
SNMP Settings
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is an OSI Layer 7 (Application Layer) designed
specifically for managing and monitoring network devices. SNMP enables network management
stations to read and modify the settings of gateways, routers, switches, and other network devices.
Use SNMP to configure system features for proper operation, monitor performance and detect
potential problems in the Switch, switch group or network.
Managed devices that support SNMP include software (referred to as an agent), which runs locally on
the device. A defined set of variables (managed objects) is maintained by the SNMP agent and used to
manage the device. These objects are defined in a Management Information Base (MIB), which
provides a standard presentation of the information controlled by the on-board SNMP agent. SNMP
defines both the format of the MIB specifications and the protocol used to access this information over
the network.
The DES-3800 Series supports the SNMP versions 1, 2c, and 3. The default SNMP setting is disabled.
You must enable SNMP. Once SNMP is enabled you can choose which version you want to use to
monitor and control the Switch. The three versions of SNMP vary in the level of security provided
between the management station and the network device.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
In SNMP v.1 and v.2, user authentication is accomplished using 'community strings', which function
like passwords. The remote user SNMP application and the Switch SNMP must use the same
community string. SNMP packets from any station that has not been authenticated are ignored
(dropped).
The default community strings for the Switch used for SNMP v.1 and v.2 management access are:
• public - Allows authorized management stations to retrieve MIB objects.
• private - Allows authorized management stations to retrieve and modify MIB objects.
SNMPv3 uses a more sophisticated authentication process that is separated into two parts. The first
part is to maintain a list of users and their attributes that are allowed to act as SNMP managers. The
second part describes what each user on that list can do as an SNMP manager.
The Switch allows groups of users to be listed and configured with a shared set of privileges. The
SNMP version may also be set for a listed group of SNMP managers. Thus, you may create a group of
SNMP managers that are allowed to view read-only information or receive traps using SNMPv1 while
assigning a higher level of security to another group, granting read/write privileges using SNMPv3.
Using SNMPv3 individual users or groups of SNMP managers can be allowed to perform or be
restricted from performing specific SNMP management functions. The functions allowed or restricted
are defined using the Object Identifier (OID) associated with a specific MIB. An additional layer of
security is available for SNMPv3 in that SNMP messages may be encrypted. To read more about how
to configure SNMPv3 settings for the Switch read the next section.
Traps
Traps are messages that alert network personnel of events that occur on the Switch. The events can be
as serious as a reboot (someone accidentally turned OFF the Switch), or less serious like a port status
change. The Switch generates traps and sends them to the trap recipient (or network manager). Typical
traps include trap messages for Authentication Failure, Topology Change and Broadcast\Multicast
Storm.
MIBs
The Switch in the Management Information Base (MIB) stores management and counter information.
The Switch uses the standard MIB-II Management Information Base module. Consequently, values for
MIB objects can be retrieved from any SNMP-based network management software. In addition to the
standard MIB-II, the Switch also supports its own proprietary enterprise MIB as an extended
Management Information Base. Specifying the MIB Object Identifier may also retrieve the proprietary
MIB. MIB values can be either read-only or read-write.
The DES-3800 Series incorporates a flexible SNMP management for the switching environment.
SNMP management can be customized to suit the needs of the networks and the preferences of the
network administrator. Use the SNMP V3 menus to select the SNMP version used for specific tasks.
The DES-3800 Series supports the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) versions 1, 2c, and
3. The administrator can specify the SNMP version used to monitor and control the Switch. The three
versions of SNMP vary in the level of security provided between the management station and the
network device.
SNMP settings are configured using the menus located on the SNMP V3 folder of the web manager.
Workstations on the network that are allowed SNMP privileged access to the Switch can be restricted
with the Management Station IP Address menu.
SNMP User Table
The SNMP User Table displays all of the SNMP User's currently configured on the Switch.
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
In the SNMP Manager folder, located in the Administration folder, click on the SNMP User Table
link. This will open the SNMP User Table window, as shown below.
Figure 6- 20. SNMP User Table window
To delete an existing SNMP User Table entry, click the X below the Delete heading corresponding to
the entry you wish to delete.
To display the detailed entry for a given user, click on the hyperlinked User Name. This will open the
SNMP User Table Display window, as shown below.
Figure 6- 21. SNMP User Table Display window
The following parameters are displayed:
Parameter Description
User Name
Group Name
SNMP Version
Auth-Protocol
An alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters. This is used to identify the SNMP
users.
This name is used to specify the SNMP group created can request SNMP messages.
V1 - Indicates that SNMP version 1 is in use.
V2 - Indicates that SNMP version 2 is in use.
V3 - Indicates that SNMP version 3 is in use.
None - Indicates that no authorization protocol is in use.
MD5 - Indicates that the HMAC-MD5-96 authentication level will be used.
SHA - Indicates that the HMAC-SHA authentication protocol will be used.
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Priv-Protocol
None - Indicates that no authorization protocol is in use.
DES - Indicates that DES 56-bit encryption is in use based on the CBC-DES (DES-
56) standard.
To return to the SNMP User Table, click the Show All SNMP User Table Entries link. To add a new
entry to the SNMP User Table Configuration window, click on the Add button on the SNMP User
Table window. This will open the SNMP User Table Configuration window, as shown below.
Figure 6- 22. SNMP User Table Configuration window
The following parameters can set:
Parameter Description
User Name
Group Name
SNMP Version
Auth-Protocol
Priv-Protocol
Enter an alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters. This is used to identify the SNMP
user.
This name is used to specify the SNMP group created can request SNMP messages.
V1 - Specifies that SNMP version 1 will be used.
V2 - Specifies that SNMP version 2 will be used.
V3 - Specifies that SNMP version 3 will be used.
MD5 - Specifies that the HMAC-MD5-96 authentication level will be used. This field is
only operable when V3 is selected in the SNMP Version field and the Encryption field
has been checked. This field will require the user to enter a password.
SHA - Specifies that the HMAC-SHA authentication protocol will be used. This field is
only operable when V3 is selected in the SNMP Version field and the Encryption field
has been checked. This field will require the user to enter a password.
None - Specifies that no authorization protocol is in use.
DES - Specifies that DES 56-bit encryption is in use, based on the CBC-DES (DES-
56) standard. This field is only operable when V3 is selected in the SNMP Version
field and the Encryption field has been checked. This field will require the user to
enter a password between 8 and 16 alphanumeric characters.
Encrypted
Checking the corresponding box will enable encryption for SNMP V3 and is only oper-
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able in SNMP V3 mode.
To implement changes made, click Apply. To return to the SNMP User Table, click the Show All
SNMP User Table Entries link.
SNMP View Table
The SNMP View Table is used to assign views to community strings that define which MIB objects
can be accessed by a remote SNMP manager. To view the SNMP View Table window, open the
SNMP Manager folder under Administration and click the SNMP View Table entry. The following
window should appear:
Figure 6- 23. SNMP View Table window
To delete an existing SNMP View Table entry, click the X in the Delete column corresponding to the
entry you wish to delete. To create a new entry, click the Add button and a separate window will
appear.
Figure 6- 24. SNMP View Table Configuration window
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The SNMP Group created with this table maps SNMP users (identified in the SNMP User Table) to
the views created in the previous window.
The following parameters can set:
Parameter Description
View Name
Subtree OID
View Type
Type an alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters. This is used to identify the new
SNMP view being created.
Type the Object Identifier (OID) Subtree for the view. The OID identifies an object tree
(MIB tree) that will be included or excluded from access by an SNMP manager.
Select Included to include this object in the list of objects that an SNMP manager can
access. Select Excluded to exclude this object from the list of objects that an SNMP
manager can access.
To implement your new settings, click Apply. To return to the SNMP View Table, click the Show All
SNMP View Table Entries link.
SNMP Group Table
An SNMP Group created with this table maps SNMP users (identified in the SNMP User Table) to the
views created in the previous menu. To view the SNMP Group Table window, open the SNMP
Manager folder in the Administration folder and click the SNMP Group Table entry. The following
window should appear:
Figure 6- 25. SNMP Group Table window
To delete an existing SNMP Group Table entry, click the corresponding X under the Delete heading.
To display the current settings for an existing SNMP Group Table entry, click the hyperlink for the
entry under the Group Name.
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Figure 6- 26. SNMP Group Table Configuration window
To add a new entry to the Switch's SNMP Group Table, click the Add button in the upper left-hand
corner of the SNMP Group Table window. This will open the SNMP Group Table Configuration
window, as shown below.
Figure 6- 27. SNMP Group Table Configuration window
The following parameters can set:
Parameter Description
Group Name
Read View Name
Write View Name
Notify View Name
Type an alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters. This is used to identify the new
SNMP group of SNMP users.
This name is used to specify the SNMP group created can request SNMP messages.
Specify a SNMP group name for users that are allowed SNMP write privileges to
the Switch's SNMP agent.
Specify a SNMP group name for users that can receive SNMP trap messages
generated by the Switch's SNMP agent.
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Security Model
Security Level
SNMPv1 - Specifies that SNMP version 1 will be used.
SNMPv2 - Specifies that SNMP version 2c will be used. The SNMPv2 supports both
centralized and distributed network management strategies. It includes
improvements in the Structure of Management Information (SMI) and adds some
security features.
SNMPv3 - Specifies that the SNMP version 3 will be used. SNMPv3 provides
secure access to devices through a combination of authentication and encrypting
packets over the network.
The Security Level settings only apply to SNMPv3.
NoAuthNoPriv - Specifies that there will be no authorization and no encryption of
packets sent between the Switch and a remote SNMP manager.
AuthNoPriv - Specifies that authorization will be required, but there will be no
encryption of packets sent between the Switch and a remote SNMP manager.
AuthPriv - Specifies that authorization will be required, and that packets sent
between the Switch and a remote SNMP manger will be encrypted.
To implement your new settings, click Apply. To return to the SNMP Group Table, click the Show
All SNMP Group Table Entries link.
SNMP Community Table Configuration
Use this table to create an SNMP community string to define the relationship between the SNMP
manager and an agent. The community string acts like a password to permit access to the agent on the
Switch. One or more of the following characteristics can be associated with the community string:
• An Access List of IP addresses of SNMP managers that are permitted to use the community
string to gain access to the Switch's SNMP agent.
• Any MIB view that defines the subset of all MIB objects will be accessible to the SNMP
community.
• Read/write or read-only level permission for the MIB objects accessible to the SNMP
community.
To configure SNMP Community entries, open the SNMP Manager folder, (located in the
Administration folder) and click the SNMP Community Table link, which will open the following
window:
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xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch
Figure 6- 28. SNMP Community Table Configuration window
The following parameters can set:
Parameter Description
Community Name
View Name
Access Right
Type an alphanumeric string of up to 33 characters that is used to identify members of
an SNMP community. This string is used like a password to give remote SNMP
managers access to MIB objects in the Switch's SNMP agent.
Type an alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that is used to identify the group
of MIB objects that a remote SNMP manager is allowed to access on the Switch. The
view name must exist in the SNMP View Table.
Read Only - Specifies that SNMP community members using the community string
created can only read the contents of the MIBs on the Switch.
Read Write - Specifies that SNMP community members using the community string
created can read from, and write to the contents of the MIBs on the Switch.
To implement the new settings, click Apply. To delete an entry from the SNMP Community Table,
click the
under the Delete heading, corresponding to the entry you wish to delete.
SNMP Host Table
Use the SNMP Host Table window to set up SNMP trap recipients. Open the SNMP Manager
folder, (located in the Adminstation folder) and click on the SNMP Host Table link. This will open
the SNMP Host Table window, as shown below. To delete an existing SNMP Host Table entry, click
the corresponding X under the Delete heading. To display the current settings for an existing SNMP
Group Table entry, click the blue link for the entry under the Host IP Address heading.
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Figure 6- 29. SNMP Host Table window
To add a new entry to the Switch's SNMP Host Table, click the Add button in the upper left-hand
corner of the window. This will open the SNMP Host Table Configuration window, as shown
below.
Figure 6- 30. SNMP Host Table Configuration window
The following parameters can set:
Parameter Description
Host IP Address
SNMP Version
Community String or
SNMP V3 User Name
Type the IP address of the remote management station that will serve as the SNMP
host for the Switch.
V1 - To specifies that SNMP version 1 will be used.
V2 - To specify that SNMP version 2 will be used.
V3-NoAuth-NoPriv - To specify that the SNMP version 3 will be used, with a
NoAuth-NoPriv security level.
V3-Auth-NoPriv - To specify that the SNMP version 3 will be used, with an Auth-
NoPriv security level.
V3-Auth-Priv - To specify that the SNMP version 3 will be used, with an Auth-Priv
security level.
Type in the community string or SNMP V3 user name as appropriate.
To implement your new settings, click Apply. To return to the SNMP Host Table, click the Show All
SNMP Host Table Entries link.
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SNMP Engine ID
The Engine ID is a unique identifier used for SNMP V3 implementations. This is an alphanumeric
string used to identify the SNMP engine on the Switch. To display the Switch's SNMP Engine ID,
open the SNMP Manger folder, (located in the Administration) folder and click on the SNMP
Engine ID link. This will open the SNMP Engine ID Configuration window, as shown below.
Figure 6- 31. SNMP Engine ID Configuration window
To change the Engine ID, type the new Engine ID in the space provided and click the Apply button.
Single IP Management Settings
All DES-3800 Series switches are set as Candidate (CaS) switches, as their factory default
configuration and Single IP Management will be disabled. To enable SIM for the Switch using the
Web interface, go to the Administration folder and click Single IP Management > SIM Settings
link, revealing the following window.
Figure 6- 32. SIM Settings window (disabled)
Change the SIM State to Enabled using the pull-down menu and click Apply. The window will then
refresh and the SIM Settings window will look like this:
Figure 6- 33. SIM Settings window (enabled)
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The following parameters can be set:
Parameters Description
SIM State
Role State
Discovery Interval
Holdtime
Use the pull-down menu to either enable or disable the SIM state on the Switch. Disabled will render all SIM functions on the Switch inoperable.
Use the pull-down menu to change the SIM role of the Switch. The two choices are:
Candidate - A Candidate Switch (CaS) is not the member of a SIM group but is
connected to a Commander Switch. This is the default setting for the SIM role of the
DES-3800 Series.
Commander - Choosing this parameter will make the Switch a Commander Switch
(CS). The user may join other switches to this Switch, over Ethernet, to be part of its
SIM group. Choosing this option will also enable the Switch to be configured for SIM.
The user may set the discovery protocol interval, in seconds that the Switch will send
out discovery packets. Returning information to a Commander Switch will include
information about other switches connected to it. (Ex. MS, CaS). The user may set the
Discovery Interval from 30 to 90 seconds.
This parameter may be set for the time, in seconds; the Switch will hold information
sent to it from other switches, utilizing the Discovery Interval. The user may set the
hold time from 100 to 255 seconds.
Click Apply to implement the settings changed. After enabling the Switch to be a Commander Switch
(CS), the Single IP Management folder will then contain three added links to aid the user in
configuring SIM through the web, including Topology, Firmware Upgrade and Configuration
Backup/Restore.
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Section 7
Layer 2 Features
VLAN
Trunking
IGMP Snooping
Spanning Tree
Forwarding
The following section will aid the user in configuring security functions for the Switch. The Switch
includes various functions for VLAN, Trunking, IGMP Snooping, Spanning Tree, and Forwarding, all
discussed in detail in the following section.
VLANs
Understanding IEEE 802.1p Priority
Priority tagging is a function defined by the IEEE 802.1p standard designed to provide a means of
managing traffic on a network where many different types of data may be transmitted simultaneously.
It is intended to alleviate problems associated with the delivery of time critical data over congested
networks. The quality of applications that are dependent on such time critical data, such as video
conferencing, can be severely and adversely affected by even very small delays in transmission.
Network devices that are in compliance with the IEEE 802.1p standard have the ability to recognize
the priority level of data packets. These devices can also assign a priority label or tag to packets.
Compliant devices can also strip priority tags from packets. This priority tag determines the packet's
degree of expeditiousness and determines the queue to which it will be assigned.
Priority tags are given values from 0 to 7 with 0 being assigned to the lowest priority data and 7
assigned to the highest. The highest priority tag 7 is generally only used for data associated with video
or audio applications, which are sensitive to even slight delays, or for data from specified end users
whose data transmissions warrant special consideration.
The Switch allows you to further tailor how priority tagged data packets are handled on your network.
Using queues to manage priority tagged data allows you to specify its relative priority to suit the needs
of your network. There may be circumstances where it would be advantageous to group two or more
differently tagged packets into the same queue. Generally, however, it is recommended that the
highest priority queue, Queue 7, be reserved for data packets with a priority value of 7. Packets that
have not been given any priority value are placed in Queue 0 and thus given the lowest priority for
delivery.
Strick mode and weighted round robin system are employed on the Switch to determine the rate at
which the queues are emptied of packets. The ratio used for clearing the queues is 4:1. This means that
the highest priority queue, Queue 7, will clear 4 packets for every 1 packet cleared from Queue 0.
Remember, the priority queue settings on the Switch are for all ports, and all devices connected to the
Switch will be affected. This priority queuing system will be especially beneficial if your network
employs switches with the capability of assigning priority tags.
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VLAN Description
A Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) is a network topology configured according to a logical
scheme rather than the physical layout. VLANs can be used to combine any collection of LAN
segments into an autonomous user group that appears as a single LAN. VLANs also logically segment
the network into different broadcast domains so that packets are forwarded only between ports within
the VLAN. Typically, a VLAN corresponds to a particular subnet, although not necessarily.
VLANs can enhance performance by conserving bandwidth, and improve security by limiting traffic
to specific domains.
A VLAN is a collection of end nodes grouped by logic instead of physical location. End nodes that
frequently communicate with each other are assigned to the same VLAN, regardless of where they are
physically on the network. Logically, a VLAN can be equated to a broadcast domain, because
broadcast packets are forwarded to only members of the VLAN on which the broadcast was initiated.
Notes About VLANs on the DES-3800 Series
No matter what basis is used to uniquely identify end nodes and assign these nodes VLAN membership, packets cannot cross VLANs without a network device performing a routing function between
the VLANs.
The DES-3800 Series supports IEEE 802.1Q VLANs and Port-Based VLANs. The port untagging
function can be used to remove the 802.1Q tag from packet headers to maintain compatibility with
devices that are tag-unaware.
The Switch's default is to assign all ports to a single 802.1Q VLAN named "default."
The "default" VLAN has a VID = 1.
The member ports of Port-based VLANs may overlap, if desired.
IEEE 802.1Q VLANs
Some relevant terms:
• Tagging - The act of putting 802.1Q VLAN information into the header of a packet.
• Untagging - The act of stripping 802.1Q VLAN information out of the packet header.
• Ingress port - A port on a switch where packets are flowing into the Switch and VLAN
decisions must be made.
• Egress port - A port on a switch where packets are flowing out of the Switch, either to
another switch or to an end station, and tagging decisions must be made.
IEEE 802.1Q (tagged) VLANs are implemented on the Switch. 802.1Q VLANs require tagging,
which enables them to span the entire network (assuming all switches on the network are IEEE
802.1Q-compliant).
VLANs allow a network to be segmented in order to reduce the size of broadcast domains. All packets
entering a VLAN will only be forwarded to the stations (over IEEE 802.1Q enabled switches) that are
members of that VLAN, and this includes broadcast, multicast and unicast packets from unknown
sources.
VLANs can also provide a level of security to your network. IEEE 802.1Q VLANs will only deliver
packets between stations that are members of the VLAN.
Any port can be configured as either tagging or untagging. The untagging feature of IEEE 802.1Q
VLANs allows VLANs to work with legacy switches that don't recognize VLAN tags in packet
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headers. The tagging feature allows VLANs to span multiple 802.1Q-compliant switches through a
single physical connection and allows Spanning Tree to be enabled on all ports and work normally.
The IEEE 802.1Q standard restricts the forwarding of untagged packets to the VLAN the receiving
port is a member of.
The main characteristics of IEEE 802.1Q are as follows:
• Assigns packets to VLANs by filtering.
• Assumes the presence of a single global spanning tree.
• Uses an explicit tagging scheme with one-level tagging.
• 802.1Q VLAN Packet Forwarding
• Packet forwarding decisions are made based upon the following three types of rules:
• Ingress rules - rules relevant to the classification of received frames belonging to a VLAN.
• Forwarding rules between ports - decides whether to filter or forward the packet.
• Egress rules - determines if the packet must be sent tagged or untagged.
Figure 7- 1. IEEE 802.1Q Packet Forwarding
802.1Q VLAN Tags
The figure below shows the 802.1Q VLAN tag. There are four additional octets inserted after the
source MAC address. Their presence is indicated by a value of 0x8100 in the EtherType field. When a
packet's EtherType field is equal to 0x8100, the packet carries the IEEE 802.1Q/802.1p tag. The tag is
contained in the following two octets and consists of 3 bits of user priority, 1 bit of Canonical Format
Identifier (CFI - used for encapsulating Token Ring packets so they can be carried across Ethernet
backbones), and 12 bits of VLAN ID (VID). The 3 bits of user priority are used by 802.1p. The VID is
the VLAN identifier and is used by the 802.1Q standard. Because the VID is 12 bits long, 4094 unique
VLANs can be identified.
The tag is inserted into the packet header making the entire packet longer by 4 octets. All of the
information originally contained in the packet is retained.
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Figure 7- 2. IEEE 802.1Q Tag
The EtherType and VLAN ID are inserted after the MAC source address, but before the original
EtherType/Length or Logical Link Control. Because the packet is now a bit longer than it was
originally, the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) must be recalculated.
Figure 7- 3. Adding an IEEE 802.1Q Tag
Port VLAN ID
Packets that are tagged (are carrying the 802.1Q VID information) can be transmitted from one
802.1Q compliant network device to another with the VLAN information intact. This allows 802.1Q
VLANs to span network devices (and indeed, the entire network, if all network devices are 802.1Q
compliant).
Unfortunately, not all network devices are 802.1Q compliant. These devices are referred to as tagunaware. 802.1Q devices are referred to as tag-aware.
Prior to the adoption of 802.1Q VLANs, port-based and MAC-based VLANs were in common use.
These VLANs relied upon a Port VLAN ID (PVID) to forward packets. A packet received on a given
port would be assigned that port's PVID and then be forwarded to the port that corresponded to the
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packet's destination address (found in the Switch's forwarding table). If the PVID of the port that
received the packet is different from the PVID of the port that is to transmit the packet, the Switch will
drop the packet.
Within the Switch, different PVIDs mean different VLANs (remember that two VLANs cannot
communicate without an external router). So, VLAN identification based upon the PVIDs cannot
create VLANs that extend outside a given switch (or switch stack).
Every physical port on a switch has a PVID. 802.1Q ports are also assigned a PVID, for use within the
Switch. If no VLANs are defined on the Switch, all ports are then assigned to a default VLAN with a
PVID equal to 1. Untagged packets are assigned the PVID of the port on which they were received.
Forwarding decisions are based upon this PVID, in so far as VLANs are concerned. Tagged packets
are forwarded according to the VID contained within the tag. Tagged packets are also assigned a
PVID, but the PVID is not used to make packet-forwarding decisions, the VID is.
Tag-aware switches must keep a table to relate PVIDs within the Switch to VIDs on the network. The
Switch will compare the VID of a packet to be transmitted to the VID of the port that is to transmit the
packet. If the two VIDs are different, the Switch will drop the packet. Because of the existence of the
PVID for untagged packets and the VID for tagged packets, tag-aware and tag-unaware network
devices can coexist on the same network.
A switch port can have only one PVID, but can have as many VIDs as the Switch has memory in its
VLAN table to store them.
Because some devices on a network may be tag-unaware, a decision must be made at each port on a
tag-aware device before packets are transmitted - should the packet to be transmitted have a tag or
not? If the transmitting port is connected to a tag-unaware device, the packet should be untagged. If
the transmitting port is connected to a tag-aware device, the packet should be tagged.
Tagging and Untagging
Every port on an 802.1Q compliant switch can be configured as tagging or untagging.
Ports with tagging enabled will put the VID number, priority and other VLAN information into the
header of all packets that flow into and out of it. If a packet has previously been tagged, the port will
not alter the packet, thus keeping the VLAN information intact. Other 802.1Q compliant devices on
the network to make packet-forwarding decisions can then use the VLAN information in the tag.
Ports with untagging enabled will strip the 802.1Q tag from all packets that flow into and out of those
ports. If the packet doesn't have an 802.1Q VLAN tag, the port will not alter the packet. Thus, all
packets received by and forwarded by an untagging port will have no 802.1Q VLAN information.
(Remember that the PVID is only used internally within the Switch). Untagging is used to send
packets from an 802.1Q-compliant network device to a non-compliant network device.
Ingress Filtering
A port on a switch where packets are flowing into the Switch and VLAN decisions must be made is
referred to as an ingress port. If ingress filtering is enabled for a port, the Switch will examine the
VLAN information in the packet header (if present) and decide whether or not to forward the packet.
If the packet is tagged with VLAN information, the ingress port will first determine if the ingress port
itself is a member of the tagged VLAN. If it is not, the packet will be dropped. If the ingress port is a
member of the 802.1Q VLAN, the Switch then determines if the destination port is a member of the
802.1Q VLAN. If it is not, the packet is dropped. If the destination port is a member of the 802.1Q
VLAN, the packet is forwarded and the destination port transmits it to its attached network segment.
If the packet is not tagged with VLAN information, the ingress port will tag the packet with its own
PVID as a VID (if the port is a tagging port). The switch then determines if the destination port is a
member of the same VLAN (has the same VID) as the ingress port. If it does not, the packet is
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dropped. If it has the same VID, the packet is forwarded and the destination port transmits it on its
attached network segment.
This process is referred to as ingress filtering and is used to conserve bandwidth within the Switch by
dropping packets that are not on the same VLAN as the ingress port at the point of reception. This
eliminates the subsequent processing of packets that will just be dropped by the destination port.
Default VLANs
The Switch initially configures one VLAN, VID = 1, called "default." The factory default setting
assigns all ports on the Switch to the "default." As new VLANs are configured in Port-based mode,
their respective member ports are removed from the "default."
Packets cannot cross VLANs. If a member of one VLAN wants to connect to another VLAN, the link
must be through an external router.
NOTE: If no VLANs are configured on the Switch, then all packets will be
forwarded to any destination port. Packets with unknown source addresses
will be flooded to all ports. Broadcast and multicast packets will also be
flooded to all ports.
An example is presented below:
VLAN Name VID Switch Ports
System (default) 1 5, 6, 7, 8, 21, 22, 23, 24
Engineering 2 9, 10, 11, 12
Marketing 3 13, 14, 15, 16
Finance 4 17, 18, 19, 20
Sales 5 1, 2, 3, 4
Figure 7- 4. VLAN Example - Assigned Ports
Port-based VLANs
Port-based VLANs limit traffic that flows into and out of switch ports. Thus, all devices connected to
a port are members of the VLAN(s) the port belongs to, whether there is a single computer directly
connected to a switch, or an entire department.
On port-based VLANs, NICs do not need to be able to identify 802.1Q tags in packet headers. NICs
send and receive normal Ethernet packets. If the packet's destination lies on the same segment,
communications take place using normal Ethernet protocols. Even though this is always the case,
when the destination for a packet lies on another switch port, VLAN considerations come into play to
decide if the packet gets dropped by the Switch or delivered.
VLAN Segmentation
Take for example a packet that is transmitted by a machine on Port 1 that is a member of VLAN 2. If
the destination lies on another port (found through a normal forwarding table lookup), the Switch then
looks to see if the other port (Port 10) is a member of VLAN 2 (and can therefore receive VLAN 2
packets). If Port 10 is not a member of VLAN 2, then the packet will be dropped by the Switch and
will not reach its destination. If Port 10 is a member of VLAN 2, the packet will go through. This
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selective forwarding feature based on VLAN criteria is how VLANs segment networks. The key point
being that Port 1 will only transmit on VLAN 2.
Network resources such as printers and servers however, can be shared across VLANs. This is
achieved by setting up overlapping VLANs. That is ports can belong to more than one VLAN group.
For example, setting VLAN 1 members to ports 1, 2, 3, and 4 and VLAN 2 members to ports 1, 5, 6,
and 7. Port 1 belongs to two VLAN groups. Ports 8, 9, and 10 are not configured to any VLAN group.
This means ports 8, 9, and 10 are in the same VLAN group.
VLAN and Trunk Groups
The members of a trunk group have the same VLAN setting. Any VLAN setting on the members of a
trunk group will apply to the other member ports.
NOTE: In order to use VLAN segmentation in conjunction with port trunk
groups, you can first set the port trunk group(s), and then you may configure
VLAN settings. If you wish to change the port trunk grouping with VLANs
already in place, you will not need to reconfigure the VLAN settings after
changing the port trunk group settings. VLAN settings will automatically change
in conjunction with the change of the port trunk group settings.
Static VLAN Entry
In the Layer 2 Features folder, click VLAN > Static VLAN Entry to open the following window:
Figure 7- 5. Current 802.1Q Static VLANs Entries window
The Current 802.1Q Static VLAN Entries window lists all previously configured VLANs by VLAN
ID and VLAN Name. To delete an existing 802.1Q VLAN, click the corresponding X button under the
Delete heading.
To create a new 802.1Q VLAN, click the Add button in the 802.1Q Static VLANs window. A new
window will appear, as shown below, to configure the port settings and to assign a unique name and
number to the new VLAN. See the table below for a description of the parameters in the new window.
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Figure 7- 6. 802.1Q Static VLAN window - Add
To return to the Current 802.1Q Static VLANs Entries window, click the Show All Static VLAN
Entries link. To change an existing 802.1Q VLAN entry, click the Modify button of the corresponding
entry you wish to modify. A new menu will appear to configure the port settings and to assign a
unique name and number to the new VLAN. See the table below for a description of the parameters in
the new menu.
NOTE: The Switch supports up to 4k static VLAN entries.
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Figure 7- 7. 802.1Q Static VLAN window - Modify
The following fields can then be set in either the Add or Modify 802.1Q Static VLANs windows:
Parameter Description
VID (VLAN ID)
VLAN Name
Advertisement
Port Settings
Tag
None
Egress
Allows the entry of a VLAN ID in the Add window, or displays the VLAN ID of an
existing VLAN in the Modify window. VLANs can be identified by either the VID or the
VLAN name.
Allows the entry of a name for the new VLAN in the Add window, or for editing the
VLAN name in the Modify window.
Enabling this function will allow the Switch to send out GVRP packets to outside
sources, notifying that they may join the existing VLAN.
Allows an individual port to be specified as member of a VLAN.
Specifies the port as either 802.1Q tagging or 802.1Q untagged. Checking the box will
designate the port as Tagged.
Allows an individual port to be specified as a non-VLAN member.
Select this to specify the port as a static member of the VLAN. Egress member ports are
ports that will be transmitting traffic for the VLAN. These ports can be either tagged or
untagged.
Forbidden
Select this to specify the port as not being a member of the VLAN and that the port is
forbidden from becoming a member of the VLAN dynamically.
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Click Apply to implement changes made.
GVRP Setting
In the Administration menu, open the VLAN folder and click GVRP Settings. The 802.1Q Port
Settings window, shown below, allows you to determine whether the Switch will share its VLAN
configuration information with other GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP) enabled switches.
In addition, Ingress Checking can be used to limit traffic by filtering incoming packets whose PVID
does not match the PVID of the port. Results can be seen in the table under the configuration settings,
as seen below.
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The following fields can be set:
Parameter Description
Figure 7- 8. 802.1Q Port Settings window
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From/To
PVID
GVRP
Ingress Check
Acceptable Frame
Type
These two fields allow you to specify the range of ports that will be included in the
Port-based VLAN that you are creating using the 802.1Q Port Settings window.
The read-only field in the 802.1Q Port Table shows the current PVID assignment for
each port, which may be manually assigned to a VLAN when created in the 802.1Q
Port Settings table. The Switch's default is to assign all ports to the default VLAN
with a VID of 1.The PVID is used by the port to tag outgoing, untagged packets, and
to make filtering decisions about incoming packets. If the port is specified to accept
only tagged frames - as tagging, and an untagged packet is forwarded to the port
for transmission, the port will add an 802.1Q tag using the PVID to write the VID in
the tag. When the packet arrives at its destination, the receiving device will use the
PVID to make VLAN forwarding decisions. If the port receives a packet, and Ingress
filtering is enabled, the port will compare the VID of the incoming packet to its PVID.
If the two are unequal, the port will drop the packet. If the two are equal, the port will
receive the packet.
The Group VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP) enables the port to dynamically
become a member of a VLAN. GVRP is Disabled by default.
This field can be toggled using the space bar between Enabled and Disabled.
Enabled enables the port to compare the VID tag of an incoming packet with the
PVID number assigned to the port. If the two are different, the port filters (drops) the
packet. Disabled disables ingress filtering. Ingress Checking is Disabled by default.
This field denotes the type of frame that will be accepted by the port. The user may
choose between Tagged Only, which means only VLAN tagged frames will be
accepted, and Admit_All, which mean both tagged and untagged frames will be
accepted. Admit_All is enabled by default.
Click Apply to implement changes made.
Trunking
Understanding Port Trunk Groups
Port trunk groups are used to combine a number of ports together to make a single high-bandwidth
data pipeline. DES-3800 Series supports up to 32 port trunk groups with 2 to 8 ports in each group. A
potential bit rate of 8000 Mbps can be achieved.
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Figure 7- 9. Example of Port Trunk Group
The Switch treats all ports in a trunk group as a single port. Data transmitted to a specific host
(destination address) will always be transmitted over the same port in a trunk group. This allows
packets in a data stream to arrive in the same order they were sent.
NOTE: If any ports within the trunk group become disconnected, packets
intended for the disconnected port will be load shared among the other
unlinked ports of the link aggregation group.
Link aggregation allows several ports to be grouped together and to act as a single link. This gives a
bandwidth that is a multiple of a single link's bandwidth.
Link aggregation is most commonly used to link a bandwidth intensive network device or devices,
such as a server, to the backbone of a network.
The Switch allows the creation of up to 32 link aggregation groups, each group consisting of 2 to 8
links (ports). The aggregated links must be contiguous (they must have sequential port numbers)
except the four (optional) Gigabit ports, which can only belong to a single link aggregation group. All
of the ports in the group must be members of the same VLAN, and their STP status, static multicast,
traffic control; traffic segmentation and 802.1p default priority configurations must be identical. Port
locking, port mirroring and 802.1X must not be enabled on the trunk group. Further, the aggregated
links must all be of the same speed and should be configured as full duplex.
The Master Port of the group is to be configured by the user, and all configuration options, including
the VLAN configuration that can be applied to the Master Port, are applied to the entire link
aggregation group.
Load balancing is automatically applied to the ports in the aggregated group, and a link failure within
the group causes the network traffic to be directed to the remaining links in the group.
The Spanning Tree Protocol will treat a link aggregation group as a single link, on the switch level. On
the port level, the STP will use the port parameters of the Master Port in the calculation of port cost
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and in determining the state of the link aggregation group. If two redundant link aggregation groups
are configured on the Switch, STP will block one entire group; in the same way STP will block a
single port that has a redundant link.
Link Aggregation
To configure port trunking, click on the Link Aggregation hyperlink in the Trunking folder under
Administration to bring up the following window:
Figure 7- 10. Port Link Aggregation Group window
To configure port trunk groups, click the Add button to add a new trunk group and use the Link
Aggregation Group Configuation window (see example below) to set up trunk groups. To modify a
port trunk group, click the Hyperlinked Group ID. To delete a port trunk group, click the
corresponding X under the Delete heading in the Current Link Aggregation Group Entries table.
Figure 7- 11. Link Aggregation Settings window – Add
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Figure 7- 12. Link Aggregation Settings window - Modify
The user-changeable parameters are as follows:
Parameter Description
Group ID
State
Master Port
Member Ports
Flooding Port
Active Port
Type
Select an ID number for the group, between 1 and 32.
Trunk groups can be toggled between Enabled and Disabled. This is used to turn a
port trunking group on or off. This is useful for diagnostics, to quickly isolate a
bandwidth intensive network device or to have an absolute backup aggregation
group that is not under automatic control.
Choose the Master Port for the trunk group using the pull-down menu.
Choose the members of a trunked group. Up to eight ports per group can be
assigned to a group.
A trunking group must designate one port to allow transmission of broadcasts and
unknown unicasts.
Shows the port that is currently forwarding packets.
This pull-down menu allows you to select between Static and LACP (Link
Aggregation Control Protocol). LACP allows for the automatic detection of links in a
Port Trunking Group.
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After setting the previous parameters, click Apply to allow your changes to be implemented. Successfully created trunk groups will be show in the Current Link Aggregation Group Entries table as
seen in Figure 6-8.
LACP Port Setting
The LACP Port Setting window is used in conjunction with the Link Aggregation window to create
port trunking groups on the Switch. Using the following window, the user may set which ports will be
active and passive in processing and sending LACP control frames.
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Figure 7- 13. LACP Port Settings window
The user may set the following parameters:
Parameter Description
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From/To
Mode
A consecutive group of ports may be configured starting with the selected port.
Active - Active LACP ports are capable of processing and sending LACP control
frames. This allows LACP compliant devices to negotiate the aggregated link so the
group may be changed dynamically as needs require. In order to utilize the ability to
change an aggregated port group, that is, to add or subtract ports from the group, at
least one of the participating devices must designate LACP ports as active. Both
devices must support LACP.
Passive - LACP ports that are designated as passive cannot initially send LACP
control frames. In order to allow the linked port group to negotiate adjustments and
make changes dynamically, one end of the connection must have "active" LACP
ports (see above).
After setting the previous parameters, click Apply to allow your changes to be implemented. The
LACP Port Table shows which ports are active and/or passive.
IGMP
Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) snooping allows the Switch to recognize IGMP queries
and reports sent between network stations or devices and an IGMP host. When enabled for IGMP
snooping, the Switch can open or close a port to a specific device based on IGMP messages passing
through the Switch.
In order to use IGMP Snooping it must first be enabled for the entire Switch (see Advanced Settings).
You may then fine-tune the settings for each VLAN using the IGMP Snooping link in the
Configuration folder. When enabled for IGMP snooping, the Switch can open or close a port to a
specific multicast group member based on IGMP messages sent from the device to the IGMP host or
vice versa. The Switch monitors IGMP messages and discontinues forwarding multicast packets when
there are no longer hosts requesting that they continue.
IGMP Snooping
To view the IGMP Snooping Settings window, click Use the Current IGMP Snooping Group
Entries window to view IGMP Snooping settings. To modify the settings, click the Modify button of
the VLAN ID you want to change.
Figure 7- 14. Current IGMP Snooping Group Entries window
Clicking the Modify button will open the IGMP Snooping Settings window, shown below:
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