Comtech EF Data KST-2000A-B User Manual

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KST-2000A/B

Ku-Band Satellite Transceiver

Installation and Operation Manual

IMPORTANT NOTE: The information contained in this document supercedes all previously published information regarding this product. Product specifications are subject to change

without prior notice.AB.IOM Revisio Part Number MN/KST2000AB.IOMPart Number MN/KST2000AB.IOM Revision 7 Part Number MN/KST2000AB.IOM Revision 9

KST-2000A/B

Ku-Band Satellite Transceiver

Installation and Operation Manual

Comtech EF Data is an ISO 9001

Registered Company.

Part Number

Revision 9

June 25, 2007

Comtech EF Data, 2114 West 7th Street, Tempe, Arizona 85281 USA, 480.333.2200, FAX: 480. 333.2161

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Customer Service

Contact the Comtech EF Data Customer Support Department for:

•Product support or training

•Reporting comments or suggestions concerning manuals

•Information on upgrading or returning a product

A Customer Support representative may be reached at:

Comtech EF Data

Attention: Customer Support Department 2114 West 7th Street

Tempe, Arizona 85281 USA

480.333.2200 (Main Comtech EF Data Number)

480.333.4357 (Customer Support Desk)

480.333.2161 FAX

To return a Comtech EF Data product (in-warranty and out-of-warranty) for repair or replacement:

•Contact the Comtech EF Data Customer Support Department. Be prepared to supply the Customer Support representative with the model number, serial number, and a description of the problem.

•Request a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number from the Comtech EF Data Customer Support representative.

•Pack the product in its original shipping carton/packaging to ensure that the product is not damaged during shipping.

•Ship the product back to Comtech EF Data. (Shipping charges should be prepaid.)

For Online Customer Support:

An RMA number request can be requested electronically by contacting the Customer Support Department through the online support page at www.comtechefdata.com/support.asp.

Click on the “RMA Request Form” hyperlink, then fill out the form completely before sending.

Click on “Return Material Authorization” for detailed instructions on our return procedures.

Send e-mail to the Customer Support Department at service@comtechefdata.com.

For information regarding this product’s warranty policy, refer to page xi.

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Table of Contents


Customer Service ......................................................................................................................................				ii
About this Manual ...................................................................................................................................				ix
Warnings and Cautions...........................................................................................................................				ix
Installation Guidelines Regarding Power Line Quality ........................................................................				x
Warranty Policy.......................................................................................................................................				xi
CHAPTER 1.			INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................	1–1
1.1	Description.................................................................................................................................			1–2
1.1.1		Receive Reject Filter..........................................................................................................		1–2
1.1.2		Recommended Maintenance ..............................................................................................		1–3
1.1.3		Areas of Operation:............................................................................................................		1–3
1.1.4		Features ...............................................................................................................................		1–4
1.1.5		Single-Thread KST-2000A System ....................................................................................		1–6
1.1.6		Single-Thread KST-2000B System ....................................................................................		1–8
1.1.7		Redundant System ..............................................................................................................		1–9
1.2	Specifications ...........................................................................................................................			1–10
CHAPTER 2.			INSTALLATION.............................................................................................	2–1
2.1.	Single-Thread System Components.........................................................................................			2–1
2.2.	Redundant System Components..............................................................................................			2–2
2.3.	Description of Options..............................................................................................................			2–3
2.4.	Electrical Connections ..............................................................................................................			2–4
2.4.1.		Converter Unit ....................................................................................................................		2–4
2.4.2.		Data SSPAs.......................................................................................................................		2–13
2.4.3.		LNA Connections .............................................................................................................		2–20
2.4.4.		LNB Connections..............................................................................................................		2–20
CHAPTER 3.			OPERATION..................................................................................................	3–1
3.1	Initial Setup (Single-Thread System) ......................................................................................			3–1
3.1.1		Uplink Setup .......................................................................................................................		3–3
3.1.2		Downlink Setup ..................................................................................................................		3–4
3.2	Initial Setup Redundant System ..............................................................................................			3–5

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3.3	Redundant Junction Unit Description ....................................................................................		3–8
3.3.1		3.3.1 RJU-2000 Description................................................................................................	3–9
3.4	Connector Descriptions ..........................................................................................................		3–10
3.4.1		TX Switch Connector (J1) ................................................................................................	3–10
3.4.2		RX Switch Connector (J2) ................................................................................................	3–10
3.4.3		1:1 Interface Connector (J3) .............................................................................................	3–11
3.4.4		RFTA Remote Interface Connector (J4) ...........................................................................	3–12
3.4.5		RFTB Remote Interface Connector (J5) ...........................................................................	3–13
3.4.6		Interface M&C Connector (J6) .........................................................................................	3–14
3.4.7		Other Connectors ..............................................................................................................	3–15
3.5	Indicators Description ............................................................................................................		3–15
3.6	1:1 Redundant KST-2000A/B System Operation.................................................................		3–16
3.7	Reference Oscillator................................................................................................................		3–22
3.8	Monitor and Control (M&C).................................................................................................		3–23
3.8.1		Up Converter Description .................................................................................................	3–25
3.9	Kuto L-Band Down Converter Description (KST-2000A)................................................		3–26
3.10	L-Band to IF Down Converter Description (KST-2000A/B) ..............................................		3–27
3.11	Automatic Gain Control (AGC) ............................................................................................		3–28
3.11.1		Operation...........................................................................................................................	3–29
3.11.2 Fault and Error Response..................................................................................................			3–30
3.11.3		Manual Gain Operation.....................................................................................................	3–31
CHAPTER 4. FAULT INDICATION AND ISOLATION........................................................			4–1
4.1	Fault Indication.........................................................................................................................		4–1
4.2	Fault Isolation............................................................................................................................		4–2
4.3	Stored Faults..............................................................................................................................		4–2
CHAPTER 5. KEYPAD / DISPLAY ...........................................................................................			1
5.1	Keypad/Display Overview............................................................................................................		1
5.2	Front Panel Keypad/Display.......................................................................................................		2
5.2.1		Front Panel Controls ..............................................................................................................	3
5.3	The Menu Structure.....................................................................................................................		5
5.3.1		Configuration ...........................................................................................................................	6


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5.3.2		Monitor .....................................................................................................................................	9
5.3.3		Faults.......................................................................................................................................	10
5.3.4		Utility.......................................................................................................................................	13
5.3.5		System .....................................................................................................................................	14
5.3.6		Redundancy..........................................................................................................................	16
APPENDIX A. EQUIPMENT OUTLINE DRAWINGS .........................................................			A–1
A.1	2 and 4 Watt SSPA Equipment Outline.................................................................................		A–2
A.2	8 Watt SSPA Equipment Outline ...........................................................................................		A–3
A.3	16 Watt SSPA Equipment Outline .........................................................................................		A–4
A.4	25/32/40 Watt SSPA Equipment Outline ...............................................................................		A–5
A.5	Ku-Band LNA Equipment Outline.........................................................................................		A–6
A.6	KST-2000A/B Converter Equipment Outline .......................................................................		A–7
A.7	Ku-Band LNB Equipment Outline.........................................................................................		A–8
APPENDIX B. TERMINAL MODE COMMANDS ................................................................			B–1
B.1	General.......................................................................................................................................		B–1
B.2	Message Structure.....................................................................................................................		B–2
B.2.1		Start Character.....................................................................................................................	B–2
B.2.2		Device Address ...................................................................................................................	B–2
B.2.3		Command/Response...........................................................................................................	B–3
B.2.3		End Character......................................................................................................................	B–4
B.3	System Configuration Commands...........................................................................................		B–4
B.3.1		Configuration Commands/Responses .................................................................................	B–5
B.3.2		System Configuration Commands ......................................................................................	B–6
B.3.3		Reset Commands.................................................................................................................	B–8
B.3.4		Status Commands/Responses..............................................................................................	B–8
B.3.5		Stored Faults........................................................................................................................	B–11
B.3.6		Miscellaneous ...................................................................................................................	B–14
B.4	Backup Operations/Self-Contained Redundancy ................................................................		B–15
B.4.1		External Fault Mode .........................................................................................................	B–16
B.5		Keypad/Display Related Commands ....................................................................................	B–16
APPENDIX C. SINGLE-THREAD EQUIPMENT MOUNTING.............................................			C–1


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C.1	Tools Required .........................................................................................................................		C–2
C.2	Converter Unit Installation.....................................................................................................		C–3
C.2.1		Spar Arm Mount .................................................................................................................	C–3
C.2.2		Pole Mount..........................................................................................................................	C–6
C.3	SSPA Installation ...................................................................................................................		C–10
C.3.1		Feed Mount Offset Antenna..............................................................................................	C–10
C.4	LNA Installation.....................................................................................................................		C–13
C.4.1		Feed Mount Offset Antenna..............................................................................................	C–13
C.5	Cable Installation ...................................................................................................................		C–14
APPENDIX D. REDUNDANT EQUIPMENT MOUNTING....................................................			D–1
D.1	Tools Required .........................................................................................................................		D–2
D.2	1:1 Converters Installation......................................................................................................		D–3
D.2.1		Spar Arm Mount ................................................................................................................	D–3
D.2.2		Pole Mount.........................................................................................................................	D–6
D.3	1:1 SSPA Installation.............................................................................................................		D–10
D.3.1		Feed Mount Offset Antenna.............................................................................................	D–10
D.4	1:1 LNA Installation ..............................................................................................................		D–11
D.4.1		Feed Mount Offset Antenna.............................................................................................	D–11
D.5	Cable Installation ...................................................................................................................		D–11
APPENDIX E. FSK REMOTE CONTROL COMMANDS.....................................................			E–1
E.1	Introduction...............................................................................................................................		E–1
E.2	Basic Protocol ............................................................................................................................		E–2
E.2.1		Packet Structure ..................................................................................................................	E–3
E.2.2		Start Of Packet ....................................................................................................................	E–3
E.2.3		Address ...............................................................................................................................	E–3
E.2.4		Instruction Code..................................................................................................................	E–3
E.2.5		Instruction Code Qualifier ..................................................................................................	E–4
E.2.6		Message Arguments............................................................................................................	E–6
E.2.7		End Of Packet .....................................................................................................................	E–6
E.3	Commands and Query..............................................................................................................		E–6
GLOSSARY .....................................................................................................................			g–1

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INDEX ......................................................................................................................	i–1

Figures

FIGURE 1-1. KST-2000A/B CONVERTER UNIT AND 8 WATT SSPA ...........................................	1–1
FIGURE 1-2. RECEIVE REJECT FILTER ..........................................................................................	1–2
FIGURE 1-3. SINGLE THREAD KST-2000A SYSTEM .....................................................................	1–6
FIGURE 1-4. SINGLE THREAD KST-2000B BLOCK DIAGRAM ...................................................	1–8
FIGURE 1-5. REDUNDANT KST-2000A SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM .........................................	1–9
FIGURE 2-1. I/O VIEW OF KST-2000A/B CONVERTER UNIT ......................................................	2–4
FIGURE 2-2. PRIME POWER INPUT (J1)..........................................................................................	2–5
FIGURE 2-3. SERIAL (EIA-232) ADAPTER CABLE WIRING DIAGRAM ....................................	2–7
FIGURE 2-4. 16WATT SSPA.............................................................................................................	2–14
FIGURE 2-5. I/O CONNECTORS FOR THE 16 WATT SSPA ........................................................	2–15
FIGURE 2-6. OUTPUT CONNECTION FOR THE 16 WATT SSPA (WAVEGUIDE)...................	2–16
FIGURE 2-7. 25/32/40 WATT SSPA .................................................................................................	2–17
FIGURE 2-8. I/O CONNECTORS FOR THE 25/32/40 WATT SSPA ..............................................	2–18
FIGURE 2-9. OUTPUT CONNECTION FOR THE 25/32/40 WATT SSPA (WAVEGUIDE).........	2–19
FIGURE 3-1. SINGLE-THREAD SYSTEM ........................................................................................	3–2
FIGURE 3-2. 1:1 REDUNDANT SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM.......................................................	3–7
FIGURE 3-3. RJU-2000 FRONT PANEL ............................................................................................	3–8
FIGURE 3-4. RJU-2000 BLOCK DIAGRAM......................................................................................	3–9
FIGURE 3-5. REDUNDANT KST-2000A/B SYSTEM SHOWING UNITS A AND B DESIGNATION
......................................................................................................................................................	3–17
FIGURE 3-6. REDUNDANT HPA ASSEMBLY...............................................................................	3–18
FIGURE 3-7. REDUNDANT LNA/B ASSEMBLY...........................................................................	3–19
FIGURE 3-8. REFERENCE OSCILLATOR ......................................................................................	3–22
FIGURE 3-9. MONITOR AND CONTROL (M&C) BLOCK DIAGRAM .......................................	3–23
FIGURE 3-10. IF TO S-BAND CONVERTER MODULE BLOCK DIAGRAM..............................	3–25
FIGURE 3-11. S TO KU-BAND UP CONVERTER MODULE........................................................	3–26
FIGURE 3-12. KU TO L-BAND DOWN CONVERTER MODULE BLOCK DIAGRAM..............	3–26
FIGURE 3-13. L-BAND TO IF DOWN CONVERTER BLOCK DIAGRAM ..................................	3–27
FIGURE 3-14. AGC OPERATING REGION.....................................................................................	3–31
FIGURE 5-1. KST-2000A/B TERMINAL KEYPAD...........................................................................	5–2
FIGURE 5-2. KST-2000A/B SIGN ON MESSAGE.............................................................................	5–3
FIGURE 5-3. PRINCIPLE MENU TREES...........................................................................................	5–4
FIGURE 5-4. SELECT MENU .............................................................................................................	5–5
FIGURE 5- 5. CONFIGURATION MENU ...........................................................................................	5–6
FIGURE 5-6. MONITOR MENU .........................................................................................................	5–9
FIGURE 5-7. FAULTS MENU FIGURE 5-8. FAULTS SUB-LEVEL ........................................	5–10
FIGURE 5-9. UTILITY MENU ...........................................................................................................	5–13
FIGURE 5-10. SYSTEM MENU ........................................................................................................	5–14
FIGURE 5-11. REDUNDANCY MENU ............................................................................................	5–16
FIGURE A-1. 2 AND 4 WATT SSPA EQUIPMENT OUTLINE .......................................................	A–2
FIGURE A-2. 8 WATT SSPA EQUIPMENT OUTLINE....................................................................	A–3
FIGURE A-3. 16 WATT SSPA EQUIPMENT OUTLINE..................................................................	A–4
FIGURE A-4. 25/32/40 WATT SSPA EQUIPMENT OUTLINE .......................................................	A–5

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FIGURE A-5. KU-BAND LNA EQUIPMENT OUTLINE .................................................................		A–6
FIGURE A-6. KST-2000A/B CONVERTER EQUIPMENT OUTLINE ............................................		A–7
FIGURE A-7. KU-BAND LNB EQUIPMENT OUTLINE .................................................................		A–8
FIGURE C-1. KST-2000A SINGLE THREAD SYSTEM INSTALLED ON SPAR ARM.................		C–2
FIGURE C-2. TYPICAL CONVERTER UNIT INSTALLATION ON SPAR ....................................		C–5
FIGURE C-3. KST-2000A CONVERTER WITH MOUNTING BRACKETS....................................		C–7
FIGURE C-4. REAR VIEW OF CONVERTER INSTALLED ON ROUND POLE ..........................		C–8
FIGURE C-5. FRONT VIEW OF CONVERTER INSTALLED ON ROUND POLE........................		C–9
FIGURE C-6. INSTALLING THE SSPA ...........................................................................................		C–11
FIGURE C-7. SSPA INSTALLED......................................................................................................		C–12
FIGURE D-1. 1:1 SYSTEM INSTALLED ON SPAR ARM ..............................................................		D–2
FIGURE D-2. CONVERTERS AND SSPAS ON SPAR ARM...........................................................		D–5
FIGURE D-3. KST-2000A 1:1 CONVERTERS WITH MOUNTING BRACKETS ..........................		D–7
FIGURE D-4. REAR VIEW OF CONVERTERS INSTALLED ON POLE .......................................		D–9
FIGURE D-5. FRONT VIEW OF CONVERTERS INSTALLED ON POLE.....................................		D–9
Tables
TABLE 1-1. FEATURES ......................................................................................................................		1–5
TABLE 1-2. CONVERTER UNIT SPECIFICATIONS ......................................................................		1–10
TABLE 1-3. SYSTEM TRANSMIT CHARACTERISTICS (WITH SSPAS OF ≤ 40W) ..................		1–11
TABLE 1-4. LNA CHARACTERISTICS............................................................................................		1–12
TABLE 1-5. LNB CHARACTERISTICS ............................................................................................		1–12
TABLE 1–6. SSPA CHARACTERISTICS..........................................................................................		1–13
TABLE 2-1. DESCRIPTION OF OPTIONS.........................................................................................		2–3
TABLE 2-2. CONVERTER UNIT EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS......................................................		2–5
TABLE 2-3. REMOTE M&C CONNECTOR (J2) PIN ASSIGNMENTS...........................................		2–6
TABLE 2-4. HPA CONNECTOR (J8) PIN ASSIGNMENTS (CEFD SSPA) ...................................		2–10
TABLE 2-5. HPA CONNECTOR (J8) PIN ASSIGNMENTS (NON-KST SPECIFIC SSPA)..........		2–10
TABLE 2-6. HPA CONNECTOR (J8) PIN ASSIGNMENTS (TWTA CONNECTION)...................		2–11
TABLE 2-7. 1:1 CONNECTOR (J10) PIN ASSIGNMENTS ............................................................		2–12
TABLE 2-8. FAN (J4) PIN ASSIGNMENTS.....................................................................................		2–13
TABLE 3-1. CONNECTOR J1 PINOUT DESCRIPTION.................................................................		3–10
TABLE 3-2. CONNECTOR J2 PINOUT DESCRIPTION.................................................................		3–10
TABLE 3-3. 1:1 INTERFACE CONNECTOR J3 PINOUT DESCRIPTION....................................		3–11
TABLE 3-4. RFTA REMOTE INTERFACE CONNECTOR J4 PINOUT DESCRIPTION..............		3–12
TABLE 3-5. RFTB REMOTE INTERFACE CONNECTOR J5 PINOUT DESCRIPTION..............		3–13
TABLE 3-6. INTERFACE M&C CONNECTOR J6 PINOUT DESCRIPTION................................		3–14
TABLE 3-7. AGC FAULT AND ERROR RESPONSE .....................................................................		3–30
TABLE 4-1. KST-2000A/B FAULT TREE ..........................................................................................		4–3

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Preface

About this Manual

This manual provides installation and operation information for the Comtech EF Data Ku-Band Satellite Transceiver. This is a technical document intended for earth station engineers, technicians, and operators responsible for the operation and maintenance of the KST-2000A/B.

Trademarks

Product names mentioned in this manual may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies and are hereby acknowledged.

Warnings and Cautions

WARNING

CAUTION

IMPORTANT

WARNING indicates a potentially hazardous situation that, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.

CAUTION indicates a hazardous situation that, if not avoided, may result in minor or moderate injury. CAUTION may also be used to indicate other unsafe practices or risks of property damage.

Indicates information critical for proper equipment function.

Reporting Comments or Suggestions Concerning this Manual

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Comments and suggestions regarding the content and design of this manual will be appreciated. To submit comments, please contact the Comtech EF Data Technical Publications Department.

Installation Guidelines Regarding Power Line Quality

As a company with many years of experience selling and servicing equipment installed around the world, Comtech EF Data has become familiar with the varying quality of the AC power grid around the world. The following offers some installation guidelines that should help ensure a reliable installation.

•Surge suppression: High voltage surges can cause failure of the power supply. These surges are typically caused by circuit switching on the main AC power grid, erratic generator operation, and also by lightning strikes. While the transceiver does have built in surge suppression, if the unit will be installed in a location with questionable power grid quality, Comtech EF Data recommends installation of additional power conditioning/surge suppression at the power junction box.

•Grounding: The transceiver provides a grounding terminal. This is provided to allow the user to ground the transceiver to the antenna’s grounding network. All components installed at the antenna shall be grounded to a common grounding point at the antenna.

•Electrical welding: If welding needs to take place at the antenna, disconnect all cables from the transceiver except for the ground wire. Cap all RF connections with terminations. This will prevent damage to the input/output circuitry of the transceiver.

•Lightning: Lightning strikes on or around the antenna will generate extremely high voltages on all cables connected to the transceiver. Depending on the severity of the strike, the transceivers internal surge protection combined with the recommended external suppression may protect the transceivers power supply. However, if the installation will be in an area with a high probability of lightning strikes, Comtech EF Data recommends the installation of surge suppression on the RF and IF cables. One source of these suppressors is PolyPhaser (www.polyphaser.com)

For further information, please contact Comtech EF Data.

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Warranty Policy

Comtech EF Data products are warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of two years from the date of shipment. During the warranty period, Comtech EF Data will, at its option, repair or replace products that prove to be defective.

For equipment under warranty, the owner is responsible for freight to Comtech EF Data and all related customs, taxes, tariffs, insurance, etc. Comtech EF Data is responsible for the freight charges only for return of the equipment from the factory to the owner.

Comtech EF Data will return the equipment by the same method (i.e., Air, Express, Surface) as the equipment was sent to Comtech EF Data.

All equipment returned for warranty repair must have a valid RMA number issued prior to return and be marked clearly on the return packaging. Comtech EF Data strongly recommends all equipment be returned in its original packaging.

Comtech EF Data Corporation’s obligations under this warranty are limited to repair or replacement of failed parts, and the return shipment to the buyer of the repaired or replaced parts.

Limitations of Warranty

The warranty does not apply to any part of a product that has been installed, altered, repaired, or misused in any way that, in the opinion of Comtech EF Data Corporation, would affect the reliability or detracts from the performance of any part of the product, or is damaged as the result of use in a way or with equipment that had not been previously approved by Comtech EF Data Corporation.

The warranty does not apply to any product or parts thereof where the serial number or the serial number of any of its parts has been altered, defaced, or removed.

The warranty does not cover damage or loss incurred in transportation of the product.

The warranty does not cover replacement or repair necessitated by loss or damage from any cause beyond the control of Comtech EF Data Corporation, such as lightning or other natural and weather related events or wartime environments.

The warranty does not cover any labor involved in the removal and or reinstallation of warranted equipment or parts on site, or any labor required to diagnose the necessity for repair or replacement.

The warranty excludes any responsibility by Comtech EF Data Corporation for incidental or consequential damages arising from the use of the equipment or products, or for any inability to use them either separate from or in combination with any other equipment or products.

A fixed charge established for each product will be imposed for all equipment returned for warranty repair where Comtech EF Data Corporation cannot identify the cause of the reported failure.

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Exclusive Remedies

Comtech EF Data Corporation’s warranty, as stated is in lieu of all other warranties, expressed, implied, or statutory, including those of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. The buyer shall pass on to any purchaser, lessee, or other user of Comtech EF Data Corporation’s products, the aforementioned warranty, and shall indemnify and hold harmless Comtech EF Data Corporation from any claims or liability of such purchaser, lessee, or user based upon allegations that the buyer, its agents, or employees have made additional warranties or representations as to product preference or use.

The remedies provided herein are the buyer’s sole and exclusive remedies. Comtech EF Data shall not be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages, whether based on contract, tort, or any other legal theory.

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Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION

This chapter provides a description and the specifications for the KST-2000A/B satellite terminal system. The converter unit and 8 Watt SSPA are shown in Figure 1-1.

Figure 1-1. KST-2000A/B Converter Unit and 8 Watt SSPA

Various configurations of the KST-2000A/B Ku-Band satellite terminal system are available with both optional and standard equipment.

1–1

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1.1Description

The KST-2000A/B Ku-Band satellite terminal is a high-performance, full-featured transceiver designed for outdoor operation. The converter unit controls external High Power Amplifiers (HPAs). Automatic Gain Control (AGC) from the converter input to the HPA output assures power output stability over varying conditions for up to 40W Comtech EF Data Solid-State Power Amplifier (SSPAs).

Note: For TX only application, downlink functions and hardware are not supplied or available.

1.1.1Receive Reject Filter

The KST-2000A/B is capable of operating over an uplink frequency of 13.75 to 14.5 GHz. Due to the proximity of the lower end of this band to the upper end of the Ku receive band, it is possible for the upconverter to radiate noise power in the upper range of the receive band.

If the transceiver Rx frequency is above 11.9 GHz, Comtech EF Data recommends installing the supplied Receive Reject Filter (Figure 1-2) on the output of the SSPA for single-thread systems and the output of the switch on redundant systems.

Figure 1-2. Receive Reject Filter

1–2

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1.1.2Recommended Maintenance

The fans utilized by the KST SSPAs are designed for long life even in a harsh environment. They are still mechanical devices subject to wear and may need replacement after several years. Industry environments, fan shroud removal facilitates clearing the heat sink of accumulated dust.

Once a year (or sooner depending on environmental conditions), the SSPA heat sink should be cleaned.

To perform this maintenance:

1.Disconnect power from the SSPA

2.Remove the fan shroud assembly

3.Using compressed air, blow through the SSPA heat sink to remove any foreign object accumulation that may be obstructing airflow.

4.Reinstall the supply and fan assembly.

No routine maintenance is required for the KST base unit.

1.1.3Areas of Operation:

The areas of operation are as follows:

Converter	Convection cooled up/down converter with an internal
	power supply and microprocessor-based Monitor and
	Control (M&C). The converter contains a wide band block
	Kuto L-Band down converter in the KST-2000A, or this
	function may be performed in an external Low Noise
	Block converter (LNB) in the KST-2000B.
HPA	Offered with various power output capabilities.
KST-2000A Only – Low Noise	LNAs with and without a Transmit Reject Filter (TRF) and
Amplifier (LNA)	various noise temperatures or noise figures are available.
KST–2000B Only – Low Noise	LNBs with various frequency coverage are available.
Block (LNB) Assembly
FSK Remote Commands (Single-	Modifications have been made to the KST-2000A
Thread Configuration only)	firmware and hardware to permit monitor and control
	from the front panel of select Comtech EF Data Satellite
	Modems. Currently the CDM-550T and CDM-600
	modems can monitor and control the KST-2000A. This
	control is transmitted via an FSK signal superimposed on
	the RX connection.

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1.1.4Features

1.1.4.1Full Ku-Band Transmit and Receive Coverage

KST-2000A Only

13.75 to 14.5 GHz	Transmit range in 1	MHz
14.00 to 14.5 GHz	Transmit range in 1	MHz (Optional)
10.95 to 12.75 GHz	Receive range in 1 MHz steps

KST-2000B Only

13.75 to 14.5 GHz	Transmit range in 1	MHz steps for HPAs of ≤ 40W
14.00 to 14.5 GHz	Transmit range in 1	MHz steps for HPAs of > 40W (Optional)
10.95 to 11.70 GHz	LNB-Select: Receive range in 1 MHz steps
11.70 to 12.20 GHz
12.25 to 12.75 GHz

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1.1.4.2 Other Features

		Table 1-1. Features

Feature		Description
Automatic Gain	The KST-2000A/B incorporates a closed loop control system that
Control	maintains the system’s conversion gain (as measured from the IF input to
	the Ku-Band SSPA output) at the user’s preset value despite the effects
	of temperature, aging, and cable loss. This feature is provided for use
	with Comtech EF Data SSPAs up to and including 40W.
Optional IF	Optional on ordering.
Input/Output of 70 or
140 MHz
Redundancy	Each KST-2000A/B converter unit contains the logic and switch drivers
Controller (Built-in)	necessary for redundant configurations when used with the RJU-2000.
Selectable Serial	There are several selectable serial communications:
Communication	• EIA-232, EIA-485, or EIA-422 half-duplex
	• EIA-232, EIA-485, or EIA-422 half-duplex
	• 300 to 19200 baud rate
	•	8N1, 7E2, and 7O2 (information bits, parity, stop bits)
Keypad/Display	An optional weatherproof keypad/display designed to control the KST-
	2000A/B configuration parameters and to monitor the fault system.
L-Band Received	An isolated output covers the 950 to 1700 MHz downlink bands.
Power Monitor Output
Internal or External	The KST-2000A/B’s internal reference may be locked to an external
Reference	standard at 5 or 10 MHz in order to reduce the system frequency errors
	to that set by the external reference; or the high-stability, electrically and
	mechanically tunable internal reference may be used.
External LED	A GREEN LED indicates prime power ON when blinking and TX RF
Indicators for Power	power ON when steady. A RED LED indicates a summary fault.
On and Fault
Indication
Power Factor	All KST-2000A/B power supplies have power factor corrected power
Corrected Internal	supplies and meet all CE Mark requirements.
Power Supply
Flexible HPA options	The KST-2000A/B converter has built-in monitor and control circuitry and
	functions that operate with the following equipment:
	• KST-2000A/B product line SSPAs
	•	Selected other SSPAs
	• Selected Traveling Wave Tube Amplifiers (TWTAs).
	This flexibility enables adjusting the system’s power output to meet
	application requirements by simply changing the HPA.
Industry Standards	• IESS 308 and IESS 309
Met	•	FCC radiated emissions requirements
	•	CE Mark
	The KST-2000A/B system components are completely weatherproof
	units designed for the harsh environments of antenna-mounted systems.
	The system’s operating parameters can be monitored and controlled
	using Windows™ based M&C software with a personal computer, a
	keypad/display built into the KST-2000A/B, or a hand held KP-10 as
	described in Chapter 3.

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1.1.5 Single-Thread KST-2000A System

A block diagram of a single-thread, KST-2000A system is shown in Figure 1-3.

Note: The modem, the remote M&C, OMT, and the antenna are not part of the

KST-2000A system and are shown for reference only.

Indoor Units			Reference Only
(Reference Only)			Reference Only
(Reference Only)
			Antenna
70 or 140 MHz	Ku-Band
TX	TX	Ku-Band	OMT
Modem	Converter	Ku-Band	OMT
Modem	Unit	HPA
RX	Unit
RX	M&C (Power)
	M&C (Power)
Remote	Ku-Band &
M&C	DC Power
M&C			Ku-Band
	LNA	TRF	Ku-Band
	LNA	TRF
L-Band
RX Monitor

Figure 1-3. Single Thread KST-2000A System

The M&C remote control, whose operation is described in Chapter 3, is used to set the operating parameters of the KST-2000A/B system such as transmit and receive frequency, gain, etc.; and to monitor the operation of the system. Connection to the remote M&C is only required during setup and for interrogating the system health status.

Alternately, the keypad/display can be used to set the operating parameters of the KST2000A/B and to query the system for faults. Connection to a remote terminal is not required for the keypad/display to function, as the keypad/display is totally independent of the remote control system.

In the transmit (Uplink) direction, the converter unit receives a 70 MHz ± 20 MHz signal (140 MHz ± 40 MHz signal optional) at –25 to –45 dBm from a modem via a 50 or 75Ω coaxial cable. The converter’s input connector for this signal is a type N, female.

The converter unit performs a block conversion (non-inverted sense) first to S-Band, then to Ku-Band. The exact frequency output and power level are set by the user via the remote M&C or keypad/display. The converter output is coupled to an HPA via a coaxial cable with a 50Ω, female, type N connector at the converter output.

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The HPA receives the Ku-Band input from the converter and amplifies it to the user-selected level.

For KST-2000A/B SSPAs of ≤ 8 Watts, prime power is supplied by the converter via the M&C cable, while SSPAs > 8 Watts require a separate power source. The output power of the SSPA is set by the user via the remote M&C or keypad, and this output is connected to the feed of the antenna via WR-75 waveguide.

In the receive (Downlink) direction, the received Ku-Band signal from the antenna is offset in frequency from the transmitted signal allowing rejection of the transmitted signal by the Transmit Reject Filter (TRF). The exact receive frequency is set by the user via the remote M&C, or entered using the keypad (on keypad/display equipped transceivers). The received signal is amplified in an LNA whose output is coupled to the converter’s input via a coaxial cable with type N connectors. This same cable is used to provide prime power (+15 VDC) to the LNA.

The converter unit performs a block down conversion (non-inverted sense) first to L-Band, then to 70 MHz (or 140 MHz if that option was ordered). An output is provided at L-Band (950 to 1700 MHz) to monitor the received signal. This is particularly useful during set up and fault finding.

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1.1.6 Single-Thread KST-2000B System

A block diagram of the KST-2000B, single-thread Ku-Band system is shown in Figure 1-4. The operation of KST-2000B system is identical to the KST-2000A system described in section 1.1.3 except in the receive (downlink) portion.

With the KST-2000B system, a LNB replaces the LNA and the block down converter from Ku-Band to L-Band in the converter unit. In this configuration, the LNB sets the received frequency range. The LNB to converter cable carries the LNB’s L-Band output, LNB prime power (+15 VDC) and a 10 MHz reference signal from the converter to the LNB.

Indoor Units			Reference Only
(Reference Only)			Reference Only
(Reference Only)
			Antenna
70 or 140 MHz	Ku-Band
TX	TX	Ku-Band	OMT
Modem	Converter	Ku-Band	OMT
Modem	Unit	HPA
RX	Unit
RX	M&C (Power)
	M&C (Power)
Remote	L-Band,
Remote	DC Power &
M&C	10 MHz Ref.		Ku-Band
	LNB	TRF	Ku-Band
	LNB	TRF
L-Band
RX Monitor

Figure 1-4. Single Thread KST-2000B Block Diagram

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1.1.7 Redundant System

A block diagram of a redundant KST-2000A system is shown in Figure 1-5. For the KST-2000B, LNBs replace the LNAs. The KST-2000A/B contains all the logic and circuitry to sense the need to switch channels and to drive the RF switches.

The basic operation of the redundant system is identical to the single thread except that two independent TX and RX channels are provided. Initial selection of TX and RX channels is via the remote M&C or keypad.

During operation, and when a fault is detected in one channel, an automatic switchover to the other channel occurs. The RJU-2000 provides IF I/O selection and converter interface connections.

	TX IF		TX RF	HPA
	REMOTE C0NVERTER UNIT			LOAD
TX IF	RX IF			LNA
	RX IF	1 : 1	RX RF	LNA
REMOTE			RJU-2000
M&C				OMT
	TX IF	1 : 1	TX RF	HPA
RX IF	REMOTE C0NVERTER UNIT			TRF
	RX IF		RX RF	LNA

Figure 1-5. Redundant KST-2000A System Block Diagram

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1.2 Specifications

The basic KST-2000A/B specifications are listed in this section.

Table 1-2	Converter Unit Specification
Table 1-3	System Transmit Characteristics
Table 1-4	LNA Characteristics
Table 1-5	LNB Characteristics
Table 1-6	SSPA Characteristics

Table 1-2. Converter Unit Specifications

Converter Transmit Characteristics
Output Frequency	13.75 to 14.5 GHz in 1 MHz steps
Input Frequency	50 to 90 MHz (100 to 180 MHz optional)
Input Power Level	–25 to –45 dBm operational
	–10 dBm survival
Gain	42 dB nominal at mid-range user
	attenuation setting
User Attenuation Range	0 to 20 dB in 1 dB steps
Power Output at 1 dB Compression	+ 15 dBm minimum
Transmit Phase Noise	Exceeds IESS 308/309 requirements
Converter Receive	Characteristics
Input Frequency	KST-2000A		KST-2000B
	10.95 to 12.75		950 to 1700 MHz
	GHz
Output Frequency	50 to 90 MHz (100 to	180 MHz optional)
Gain	45 dB maximum
User Attenuation Range	0 to 20 dB in 1 dB steps
Gain Variation with Frequency
(at a fixed temperature)	2.0 dB peak-to-peak
Any 40 MHz band	2.0 dB peak-to-peak
Entire operating band	3.0 dB peak-to-peak
Power Output at 1 dB Compression	+16 dBm minimum
Power Output Stability over	4.0 dB peak-to-peak
Temperature (at a fixed frequency)
Phase Noise	Exceeds IESS 308/309 requirements
Spurious Signals	–50 dBc at –5 dBm output
Signal Related	–50 dBc at –5 dBm output
	–35 dBc at <250 kHz from carrier
Non-Signal Related	–87 dBm max referenced to converter
	input for the KST-2000A
	–126 dBm max referenced to the LNB
	input for the KST-2000B
Third Order Products	–33 dBc for two carriers each at +6 dBm
Auxiliary Output Monitor	950 to 1700 MHz
Frequency	950 to 1700 MHz
Gain	20 dB relative to carrier input
Connector	Type N, female, 50Ω

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Table 1-2. Converter Unit Specifications (Continued)

General Converter Characteristics (Continued)

Prime Power	85 to 264 VAC, 47 to 63 Hz, <200 W(Optional
	–48 VDC input)
Keypad/Display Interface	Weatherproof 16 character LED display with
	Up (S), Down (T), Left (W ), Right ( X),
	[Clear] and [Enter] pushbuttons
Serial Data Interface (User	EIA-232, EIA-485, or EIA-422 half duplex
Selectable)
Serial Data Baud (User Selectable)	300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200
Discrete Alarm Outputs	Form “C” Relay Contacts
Uplink Summary Alarm	Form “C” Relay Contacts
Downlink Summary Alarm	Form “C” Relay Contacts
System Summary Alarm	Form “C” Relay Contacts
External LED Indicators	Prime Power On/TX RF ON
	Summary Fault
IF Input/Output Connectors	Type N Female, 50Ω
TX Output/RX Input Connectors	Type N Female, 50Ω
Size	21.75 H x 8.25W x 8.00D inches
	(55.2H x 20.95W x 20.32D cm)
Weight	33 lbs. (16 kg)
Temperature	–40 to +550C (-40 to +1310F) operational
	–50 to +750C (–67 to +1670F) survival

Table 1-3. System Transmit Characteristics (with SSPAs of ≤ 40W)

Parameter		Characteristics
Gain Stability over temperature, AGC on,
fixed frequency		2.0 dB peak-to-peak
Gain variation with frequency		2.0 dB peak-to-peak
70 ± 20 MHz		2.0 dB peak-to-peak
140 ± 40 MHz		3.0 dB peak-to-peak
Spurious signals		–50 dBc at 6 dB below P1 dB
Signal related		–50 dBc at 6 dB below P1 dB
< 250 kHz		–35 dBc at 6 dB below P1 dB
Non-signal related		–24 dBm/4 kHz for 2W unit
		–21 dBm/4 kHz for 4W unit
		–18 dBm/4 kHz for 8W unit
		–15 dBm/4 kHz for 16W unit
		–13 dBm/4 kHz for 25W unit
		–13 dBm/4 kHz for 32W unit
		–12 dBm/4 kHz for 40W unit

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	Table 1-4. LNA Characteristics

		LNA Specification
Input VSWR		1.25:1 max.
Output VSWR		1.25:1 max
Gain Flatness:		± 2.0 dB/full band
10.95 to 12.75 GHz		± 2.0 dB/full band
		± 0.50 dB/40 MHz
10.95 to 11.7 GHz		± 1.5 dB/full band
		± 0.25 dB/40 MHz
11.7 to 12.2 GHz		± 1.5 dB/full band
		± 0.25 dB/40 MHz
12.25 to 12.75 GHz		± 1.5 dB/full band
		± 0.25 dB/40 MHz
Gain vs. Temperature		± 1.5 dB Max.
Operating Temperature		-40 to +60°C (–40 to + 140°F)
1 dB Gain Comp. Pt.		+10 dBm
		+8 dBm or +20 dBm (optional)
Third Order Intercept Point		+20 dBm
		+18 dBm or +30 dBm (optional)
Group Delay:		0.01 ns/MHz
Linear		0.01 ns/MHz
Parabolic		0.001 ns/MHz2
Ripple		0.1 ns/peak-to-peak
Power Connector		Powered by the KSAT through the coax
RF Input W/G		WR-75 Cover
Input Power, Nominal		+12 to +24 VDC at 100 mA

	Table 1-5. LNB Characteristics

	LNB Characteristics
Frequency	10.95 to 11.70 GHz
	11.70 to 12.20 GHz
	12.25 to 12.75 GHz
Gain @ 25°C	55 dB minimum, 60 dB typical
1 dB Gain Comp. PT.	+ 10 dBm, minimum
Noise Figure @ 25°C	0.9 dB, typical
RF Input Waveguide	WR-75
Input Power	+ 15 V, 400 mA maximum
Output	Type N female, 50Ω
Operating Temperature	–40 to +55°C (–40 to 131°F)
Operating Humidity	0 to 100% RH
Storage Temperature	–50° to +80°C (–58 to +176°F)
Size	2.5W x 5.7L x 1.6H inches (approximately)
	(6.5W x 14.5L x 4H cm)
Weight	< 2 lbs. (< 0.9 kg)

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Table 1–6. SSPA Characteristics

Parameter

2W SSPA

4W SSPA

8W SSPA

16W SSPA

25W SSPA

32W SSPA

40W SSPA

80W SSPA

Frequency

13.75 to

Range

14.5 GHz

(See Note 1)

Power output at 1 dB

Compression at 250 C:

+ 33 dBm

+ 36 dBm

+ 39 dBm

+ 42 dBm

+ 44 dBm

+ 45 dBm

+ 46 dBm

Guaranteed

Third Order Intermodulation

+ 41 dBm

+ 44 dBm

+ 47 dBm

+ 50 dBm

+ 52 dBm

+ 53 dBm

+ 54 dBm

(Intercept pt)

Gain (Nominal)

27 dB

30 dB

33 dB

38 dB

40 dB

41 dB

44 dB

Gain Variation with

2.0 dB p-p

Temperature

Input Connector

Type N,

Female, 50Ω

Output Connector

WR-75

W/G flange

Input Power

+9.75 VDC

85-264 VAC,

85-264 VAC

Refer to

from

from converter

from

47-63 Hz

amplifier

converter

(36W)

converter

(180W),

(360W)

(380W)

(390W)

documentation

(30W)

(90W)

Optional –36

to -72 VDC

Weight

5 lb (2.3 kg)

8 lb (3.7 kg)

9 lb (4.0 kg)

24 lb (11 kg)

47 lb (21 kg)

52 lb (21 kg)

Notes:

1.Optional: 14.0 to 14.5 GHz.

2.Optional: 13.75 to 14.5 GHz.

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Chapter 2. INSTALLATION

This chapter provides system equipment and external connections information for both single thread and redundant systems. Refer to Appendix C (single-thread equipment) and Appendix D (redundant equipment) for installation procedures specific to particular mounting applications.

2.1.Single-Thread System Components

The standard components delivered with a single-thread system include:

QTY	Description
1	Base converter unit
1	HPA (no HPA necessary for the +15dBm requirement)
1	LNA (KST-2000A system) or LNB (KST-2000B system)
As Required	12ft (3.66m) Prime power cables for all converter units and applicable
	amplifiers
As Required	5ft (1.52m) Interlink cabling
As Required	Mounting hardware for a spar mounted offset antenna.	(see
	Note)

Note: Antenna type shall be indicated when ordering the KST-2000A/B unit.

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2.2.Redundant System Components

The standard delivered components included with a redundant system are:

QTY	Description
2	Base converter units
2	HPA (no HPA necessary for the +15dBm requirement)
2	LNA (KST-2000A system) or LNB (KST-2000B system)
As Required	12ft (3.66m) Prime power cables for all converter units and applicable amplifiers
1	RJU-2000 switch junction box
As Required	Interlink cabling from the base converters to the RJU-2000 switch junction box
1	15ft (4.57m) Interlink cable for the RX 1:1 waveguide LNA assembly (mounted directly to the
	OMT)
1	10ft (3.05m) Interlink cable for the TX 1:1 waveguide HPA assembly (TX switching for
	+15dBm 1:1 system is provided via coaxial switch)
1	3ft (1m) Flexible waveguide (connects the output of TX switch to the TX port of the OMT)
As Required	Mounting hardware for a spar mounted offset antenna.	(see Note)
1	M&C mating connector