Brocade FastIron Ethernet Switch Layer 3 Routing User Manual
53-1003087-04
30 July 2014
FastIron Ethernet Switch
Layer 3 Routing
Configuration Guide
Supporting FastIron Software Release 08.0.10d
©
2014, Brocade Communications Systems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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Contents
Preface...................................................................................................................................15
Document conventions....................................................................................15
Text formatting conventions................................................................ 15
Command syntax conventions............................................................ 15
Notes, cautions, and warnings............................................................ 16
Brocade resources.......................................................................................... 17
Contacting Brocade Technical Support...........................................................17
Document feedback........................................................................................ 18
About This Document.............................................................................................................. 19
Supported Hardware....................................................................................... 19
What’s new in this document.......................................................................... 19
How command information is presented in this guide.....................................20
IP Configuration......................................................................................................................21
Supported IP features..................................................................................... 21
Basic IP configuration..................................................................................... 22
IP configuration overview................................................................................ 23
Full Layer 3 support............................................................................ 23
IP interfaces........................................................................................ 23
IP packet flow through a Layer 3 switch..............................................25
IP route exchange protocols............................................................... 28
IP multicast protocols.......................................................................... 29
IP interface redundancy protocols.......................................................29
ACLs and IP access policies...............................................................29
Basic IP parameters and defaults - Layer 3 Switches.....................................30
When parameter changes take effect................................................. 30
IP global parameters - Layer 3 Switches............................................ 30
IP interface parameters - Layer 3 Switches........................................ 34
Basic IP parameters and defaults - Layer 2 Switches.....................................35
IP global parameters - Layer 2 switches............................................. 36
Interface IP parameters - Layer 2 switches.........................................37
Configuring IP parameters - Layer 3 switches................................................ 38
Configuring IP addresses....................................................................38
Configuring 31-bit subnet masks on point-to-point networks.............. 41
Configuring DNS resolver................................................................... 43
Configuring packet parameters........................................................... 45
Changing the router ID........................................................................48
Specifying a single source interface for specified packet types.......... 49
ARP parameter configuration..............................................................53
Configuring forwarding parameters.....................................................59
Disabling ICMP messages.................................................................. 62
Enabling ICMP Redirect Messages.................................................... 63
Static routes configuration...................................................................64
Configuring a default network route.................................................... 72
Configuring IP load sharing.................................................................74
ICMP Router Discovery Protocol configuration...................................77
IRDP parameters................................................................................ 77
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Reverse Address Resolution Protocol configuration.........................79
Configuring UDP broadcast and IP helper parameters.....................81
BootP and DHCP relay parameter configuration.............................. 83
DHCP Server.................................................................................... 85
Displaying DHCP Server information................................................94
DHCP Client-Based Auto-Configuration and Flash image update....98
Configuring IP parameters - Layer 2 Switches........................................... 105
Configuring the management IP address and specifying the
default gateway......................................................................... 105
Configuring Domain Name Server (DNS) resolver......................... 106
Changing the TTL threshold............................................................107
DHCP Assist configuration..............................................................108
IPv4 point-to-point GRE tunnels ................................................................ 111
IPv4 GRE tunnel overview.............................................................. 112
GRE packet structure and header format....................................... 112
Path MTU Discovery (PMTUD) support..........................................113
Configuration considerations for PMTUD support ......................... 113
Tunnel loopback ports for GRE tunnels.......................................... 114
Support for IPv4 multicast routing over GRE tunnels..................... 115
GRE support with other features ....................................................115
Configuration considerations for GRE IP tunnels........................... 116
Configuration tasks for GRE tunnels...............................................117
Example point-to-point GRE tunnel configuration...........................126
Displaying GRE tunneling information............................................ 127
Clearing GRE statistics................................................................... 131
Displaying IP configuration information and statistics.................................132
Changing the network mask display to prefix format...................... 132
Displaying IP information - Layer 3 Switches..................................132
Displaying IP information - Layer 2 Switches..................................146
Disabling IP checksum check..................................................................... 151
Layer 3 Routing Protocols................................................................................................... 153
Supported Layer 3 routing protocols features.............................................153
Adding a static IP route...............................................................................154
Configuring a "null" route................................................................ 155
Static route next hop resolution...................................................... 156
Static route recursive lookup...........................................................156
Static route resolve by default route............................................... 156
Adding a static ARP entry........................................................................... 157
Modifying and displaying Layer 3 system parameter limits.........................157
Layer 3 configuration notes.............................................................158
FastIron second generation modules..............................................158
FastIron third generation modules.................................................. 158
Displaying Layer 3 system parameter limits....................................158
Enabling or disabling routing protocols....................................................... 159
Enabling or disabling Layer 2 switching......................................................159
Configuration notes and feature limitations for Layer 2 switching...160
Command syntax for Layer 2 switching.......................................... 160
Configuring a Layer 3 Link Aggregration Group (LAG)...............................160
IPv6 Configuration on FastIron X Series, FCX, and ICX Series Switches................................. 163
Supported IPv6 features on FastIron X Series, FCX, and ICX devices...... 163
Full Layer 3 IPv6 feature support................................................................165
IPv6 addressing overview........................................................................... 165
IPv6 address types..........................................................................166
IPv6 stateless auto-configuration....................................................168
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IPv6 CLI command support ..........................................................................168
IPv6 host address on a Layer 2 switch......................................................... 171
Configuring a global or site-local IPv6 address with a manually
configured interface ID................................................................ 171
Configuring a link-local IPv6 address as a system-wide address
for a switch.................................................................................. 171
Configuring the management port for an IPv6 automatic address
configuration............................................................................................ 172
Configuring basic IPv6 connectivity on a Layer 3 switch.............................. 172
Enabling IPv6 routing........................................................................ 172
IPv6 configuration on each router interface...................................... 173
Configuring IPv4 and IPv6 protocol stacks....................................... 175
IPv6 management (IPv6 host support)..........................................................176
Configuring IPv6 management ACLs................................................176
Restricting SNMP access to an IPv6 node....................................... 177
Specifying an IPv6 SNMP trap receiver............................................ 177
Configuring SNMP V3 over IPv6.......................................................177
Secure Shell, SCP, and IPv6............................................................ 177
IPv6 Telnet........................................................................................ 177
IPv6 traceroute..................................................................................178
Configuring name-to-IPv6 address resolution using IPv6 DNS
resolver........................................................................................178
Defining an IPv6 DNS entry.............................................................. 179
Pinging an IPv6 address................................................................... 179
Configuring an IPv6 Syslog server....................................................180
Viewing IPv6 SNMP server addresses............................................. 180
Disabling router advertisement and solicitation messages............... 181
Disabling IPv6 on a Layer 2 switch................................................... 181
IPv6 ICMP feature configuration................................................................... 182
Configuring ICMP rate limiting.......................................................... 182
Enabling IPv6 ICMP redirect messages............................................183
IPv6 neighbor discovery configuration.......................................................... 183
IPv6 neighbor discovery configuration notes.................................... 184
Neighbor solicitation and advertisement messages..........................184
Router advertisement and solicitation messages..............................184
Neighbor redirect messages............................................................. 185
Setting neighbor solicitation parameters for duplicate address
detection...................................................................................... 185
Setting IPv6 router advertisement parameters..................................186
Prefixes advertised in IPv6 router advertisement messages............ 187
Setting flags in IPv6 router advertisement messages....................... 188
Enabling and disabling IPv6 router advertisements.......................... 189
IPv6 router advertisement preference support..................................189
Configuring reachable time for remote IPv6 nodes...........................189
IPv6 MTU...................................................................................................... 190
Configuration notes and feature limitations for IPv6 MTU.................190
Changing the IPv6 MTU....................................................................190
Static neighbor entries configuration.............................................................191
Limiting the number of hops an IPv6 packet can traverse............................ 192
IPv6 source routing security enhancements................................................. 192
TCAM space on FCX device configuration................................................... 192
Allocating TCAM space for IPv4 routing information.........................193
Allocating TCAM space for GRE tunnel information......................... 193
Clearing global IPv6 information................................................................... 193
Clearing the IPv6 cache.................................................................... 194
Clearing IPv6 neighbor information...................................................194
Clearing IPv6 routes from the IPv6 route table................................. 195
Clearing IPv6 traffic statistics............................................................ 195
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Displaying global IPv6 information..............................................................195
Displaying IPv6 cache information..................................................195
Displaying IPv6 interface information..............................................196
Displaying IPv6 neighbor information............................................. 198
Displaying the IPv6 route table ...................................................... 199
Displaying local IPv6 routers...........................................................201
Displaying IPv6 TCP information.................................................... 202
Displaying IPv6 traffic statistics.......................................................205
DHCP relay agent for IPv6..........................................................................209
Configuring DHCP for IPv6 relay agent.......................................... 209
Enabling the interface-ID on the DHCPv6 relay agent messages.. 210
Displaying DHCPv6 relay agent information...................................210
Displaying the DHCPv6 Relay configured destinations.................. 210
Displaying the DHCPv6 Relay information for an interface............ 211
DHCPv6 Relay Agent Prefix Delegation Notification...................... 212
Configuring DHCPv6 Relay Agent Prefix Delegation Notification...213
Displaying the DHCPv6 Relay Agent Prefix Delegation
Notification information..............................................................214
RIP.....................................................................................................................................219
RIP feature support.....................................................................................219
RIP Overview.............................................................................................. 219
RIP parameters and defaults...................................................................... 220
RIP global parameters.................................................................... 220
RIP interface parameters................................................................ 222
Configuring RIP parameters........................................................................222
Enabling RIP................................................................................... 222
Configuring metric parameters........................................................223
Changing the administrative distance............................................. 223
Configuring redistribution................................................................ 224
Configuring route learning and advertising parameters.................. 226
Changing the route loop prevention method...................................227
Suppressing RIP route advertisement on a VRRP or VRRPE
backup interface........................................................................ 228
Configuring RIP route filters using prefix-lists and route maps....... 228
Setting RIP timers........................................................................... 229
Displaying RIP Information..........................................................................230
Displaying CPU utilization statistics............................................................ 232
RIPng................................................................................................................................. 233
RIPng feature support.................................................................................233
RIPng Overview.......................................................................................... 233
Configuring RIPng.......................................................................................234
Enabling RIPng............................................................................... 234
Configuring RIPng timers................................................................235
Configuring route learning and advertising parameters.................. 235
Redistributing routes into RIPng..................................................... 237
Controlling distribution of routes through RIPng............................. 237
Configuring poison reverse parameters..........................................238
Clearing RIPng routes from IPv6 route table.............................................. 239
Displaying RIPng information......................................................................239
Displaying RIPng configuration.......................................................239
Displaying RIPng routing table........................................................240
OSPFv2.............................................................................................................................. 243
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OSPFv2 feature support............................................................................... 243
OSPF overview............................................................................................. 244
OSPF point-to-point links.............................................................................. 246
Designated routers in multi-access networks................................................247
Designated router election in multi-access networks.................................... 247
OSPF RFC 1583 and 2328 compliance........................................................249
Reduction of equivalent AS external LSAs................................................... 249
Algorithm for AS external LSA reduction...........................................250
Support for OSPF RFC 2328 Appendix E.....................................................251
OSPF graceful restart................................................................................... 252
OSPF stub router advertisement.......................................................252
OSPF Shortest Path First throttling...................................................253
IETF RFC and internet draft support.................................................254
Dynamic OSPF activation and configuration.....................................254
Configuring OSPF......................................................................................... 254
Configuration rules............................................................................ 254
OSPF parameters............................................................................. 255
Enable OSPF on the device..............................................................256
Assign OSPF areas...........................................................................256
Assign a totally stubby area.............................................................. 257
Assigning an area range (optional) .................................................. 260
Assigning an area cost (optional parameter) ................................... 260
Assigning interfaces to an area.........................................................261
Setting all OSPFv2 interfaces to the passive state........................... 262
Modify interface defaults................................................................... 262
Change the timer for OSPF authentication changes.........................264
Block flooding of outbound LSAs on specific OSPF interfaces.........265
Assign virtual links.............................................................................266
Modify virtual link parameters........................................................... 268
Changing the reference bandwidth for the cost on OSPF
interfaces..................................................................................... 269
Define redistribution filters.................................................................271
Modify default metric for redistribution.............................................. 273
Enable route redistribution................................................................ 273
Disable or re-enable load sharing..................................................... 275
Configure external route summarization........................................... 276
Configure default route origination.................................................... 277
Supported match and set conditions.................................................279
OSPF non-stop routing................................................................................. 279
Synchronization of critical OSPF elements................................................... 280
Link state database synchronization................................................. 280
Neighbor router synchronization....................................................... 280
Interface synchronization.................................................................. 281
Standby module operations.......................................................................... 281
Neighbor database............................................................................281
LSA database....................................................................................281
Enabling and disabling NSR......................................................................... 282
Limitations of NSR............................................................................ 282
Disabling configuration..................................................................................282
OSPF distribute list....................................................................................... 283
Configuring an OSPF distribution list using ACLs ............................284
Configuring an OSPF distribution list using route maps ...................285
Modify SPF timers.............................................................................286
Modify redistribution metric type....................................................... 286
Modify administrative distance.......................................................... 287
Configure OSPF group Link State Advertisement (LSA) pacing.......288
Modify OSPF traps generated...........................................................288
Modify exit overflow interval.............................................................. 289
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Specify types of OSPF Syslog messages to log.............................289
Configuring an OSPF network type.................................................290
Configuring OSPF Graceful Restart................................................291
Configuring OSPF router advertisement.........................................293
Configuring OSPF shortest path first throttling................................294
Displaying OSPF information......................................................................295
Displaying general OSPF configuration information....................... 296
Displaying OSPF area information..................................................298
Displaying OSPF neighbor information...........................................299
Displaying OSPF interface information........................................... 301
Displaying OSPF interface brief information................................... 303
Displaying OSPF route information.................................................304
Displaying OSPF database information.......................................... 306
Displaying OSPF external link state information.............................307
Displaying OSPF database-summary information.......................... 308
Displaying OSPF database link state information...........................309
Displaying OSPF ABR and ASBR information................................310
Displaying OSPF trap status...........................................................311
Viewing Configured OSPF point-to-point links................................311
Displaying OSPF virtual neighbor and link information...................312
Clearing OSPF neighbors............................................................... 314
Displaying OSPF Graceful Restart information...............................314
Displaying OSPF Router Advertisement information...................... 315
Clearing OSPF information......................................................................... 316
Clearing OSPF neighbors............................................................... 316
Disabling and re-enabling the OSPF process.................................316
Clearing OSPF routes.....................................................................316
OSPFv3.............................................................................................................................. 317
OSPFv3 feature support............................................................................. 317
OSPFv3 overview....................................................................................... 318
Link-state advertisement types for OSPFv3................................................318
Configuring OSPFv3................................................................................... 319
Enabling OSPFv3............................................................................319
Assigning OSPFv3 areas................................................................320
Assigning an area cost for OSPFv3 (optional parameter).............. 324
Specifying a network type............................................................... 325
Configuring virtual links...................................................................326
Changing the reference bandwidth for the cost on OSPFv3
interfaces...................................................................................327
Redistributing routes into OSPFv3..................................................328
Filtering OSPFv3 routes..................................................................332
Configuring default route origination............................................... 335
Modifying Shortest Path First timers............................................... 335
Modifying administrative distance................................................... 336
Configuring the OSPFv3 LSA pacing interval................................. 337
Modifying exit overflow interval....................................................... 338
Modifying external link state database limit.................................... 338
Setting all OSPFv3 interfaces to the passive state......................... 338
Modifying OSPFv3 interface defaults..............................................338
Disabling or re-enabling event logging............................................339
IPsec for OSPFv3........................................................................... 340
Configuring IPsec for OSPFv3........................................................340
Configuring OSPFv3 Graceful Restart Helper mode...................... 347
Configuring OSPFv3 Non-stop routing (NSR).................................347
Displaying OSPFv3 information.................................................................. 348
General OSPFv3 configuration information.................................... 348
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Displaying OSPFv3 area information................................................ 348
Displaying OSPFv3 database information........................................ 349
Displaying IPv6 interface information................................................355
Displaying IPv6 OSPFv3 interface information................................. 356
Displaying OSPFv3 memory usage.................................................. 360
Displaying OSPFv3 neighbor information......................................... 361
Displaying routes redistributed into OSPFv3.................................... 365
Displaying OSPFv3 route information............................................... 365
Displaying OSPFv3 SPF information................................................ 367
Displaying OSPFv3 GR Helper mode information ........................... 370
Displaying OSPFv3 NSR information................................................370
Displaying IPv6 OSPF virtual link information...................................371
Displaying OSPFv3 virtual neighbor information...............................371
IPsec examples.................................................................................372
OSPFv3 clear commands ............................................................................ 379
Clearing all OSPFv3 data..................................................................379
Clearing OSPFv3 data in a VRF....................................................... 380
Clearing all OSPFv3 packet counters............................................... 380
Scheduling Shortest Path First (SPF) calculation............................. 380
Clearing all redistributed routes from OSPFv3..................................380
Clearing OSPFv3 neighbors............................................................. 380
Configuring BGP4 (IPv4)....................................................................................................... 383
Supported BGP4 features ............................................................................ 383
BGP4 overview............................................................................................. 385
Relationship between the BGP4 route table and the IP route table..385
How BGP4 selects a path for a route (BGP best path selection
algorithm).....................................................................................386
BGP4 message types....................................................................... 388
Grouping of RIB-out peers................................................................ 389
Implementation of BGP4............................................................................... 390
BGP4 restart................................................................................................. 390
BGP4 Peer notification during a management module switchover... 391
BGP4 neighbor local AS................................................................... 392
Basic configuration and activation for BGP4.................................................393
Disabling BGP4.................................................................................394
BGP4 parameters......................................................................................... 395
Parameter changes that take effect immediately.............................. 396
Parameter changes that take effect after resetting neighbor
sessions.......................................................................................396
Parameter changes that take effect after disabling and re-
enabling redistribution................................................................. 397
Memory considerations................................................................................. 397
Memory configuration options obsoleted by dynamic memory......... 397
Basic configuration tasks required for BGP4................................................ 398
Enabling BGP4 on the device........................................................... 398
Changing the device ID.....................................................................398
Setting the local AS number..............................................................399
Adding a loopback interface..............................................................400
Adding BGP4 neighbors....................................................................400
Adding a BGP4 peer group............................................................... 408
Optional BGP4 configuration tasks............................................................... 411
Changing the Keep Alive Time and Hold Time................................. 411
Changing the BGP4 next-hop update timer...................................... 412
Enabling fast external fallover........................................................... 412
Changing the maximum number of paths for BGP4 Multipath
load sharing................................................................................. 412
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Customizing BGP4 Multipath load sharing..................................... 414
Specifying a list of networks to advertise........................................ 415
Changing the default local preference............................................ 416
Using the IP default route as a valid next-hop for a BGP4 route.... 416
Changing the default MED (Metric) used for route redistribution....417
Enabling next-hop recursion........................................................... 417
Changing administrative distances................................................. 419
Requiring the first AS to be the neighbor AS.................................. 420
Disabling or re-enabling comparison of the AS-Path length........... 421
Enabling or disabling comparison of device IDs............................. 422
Configuring the device to always compare Multi-Exit
Discriminators............................................................................422
Treating missing MEDs as the worst MEDs....................................423
Configuring route reflection parameters..........................................423
Configuring confederations............................................................. 426
Aggregating routes advertised to BGP4 neighbors.........................429
Configuring BGP4 restart............................................................................429
Configuring BGP4 Restart for the global routing instance.............. 429
Configuring BGP4 Restart for a VRF.............................................. 430
Configuring timers for BGP4 Restart (optional)...............................430
BGP4 null0 routing..........................................................................431
Configuring BGP4 null0 routing...................................................... 431
Modifying redistribution parameters............................................................434
Redistributing connected routes..................................................... 435
Redistributing RIP routes................................................................ 435
Redistributing OSPF external routes...............................................435
Redistributing static routes..............................................................436
Redistributing IBGP routes..............................................................436
Filtering....................................................................................................... 437
AS-path filtering...............................................................................437
BGP4 filtering communities.............................................................440
Defining and applying IP prefix lists................................................ 441
Defining neighbor distribute lists..................................................... 442
Defining route maps........................................................................443
Using a table map to set the tag value............................................451
Configuring cooperative BGP4 route filtering..................................451
Four-byte Autonomous System Numbers (AS4).........................................454
Enabling AS4 numbers................................................................... 454
BGP4 AS4 attribute errors.......................................................................... 458
Error logs.........................................................................................458
Configuring route flap dampening...............................................................459
Globally configuring route flap dampening......................................460
Using a route map to configure route flap dampening for a
specific neighbor........................................................................461
Removing route dampening from a route....................................... 462
Displaying and clearing route flap dampening statistics................. 462
Generating traps for BGP4..........................................................................464
Configuring BGP4....................................................................................... 464
Entering and exiting the address family configuration level........................ 466
BGP route reflector..................................................................................... 466
Configuring BGP route reflector......................................................467
Specifying a maximum AS path length....................................................... 469
Setting a global maximum AS path limit..........................................470
Setting a maximum AS path limit for a peer group or neighbor...... 470
BGP4 max-as error messages....................................................................471
Originating the default route........................................................................471
Changing the default metric used for route cost......................................... 472
Configuring a static BGP4 network ............................................................ 472
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Setting an administrative distance for a static BGP4 network...........473
Limiting advertisement of a static BGP4 network to selected
neighbors.....................................................................................473
Route-map continue clauses for BGP4 routes..................................473
Specifying route-map continuation clauses.......................................474
Dynamic route filter update............................................................... 475
Generalized TTL Security Mechanism support............................................. 477
Displaying BGP4 information........................................................................ 477
Displaying summary BGP4 information............................................ 478
Displaying the active BGP4 configuration......................................... 481
Displaying summary neighbor information........................................ 481
Displaying BGP4 neighbor information............................................. 483
Displaying peer group information.................................................... 493
Displaying summary route information..............................................493
Displaying VRF instance information................................................ 494
Displaying the BGP4 route table....................................................... 494
Displaying BGP4 route-attribute entries............................................502
Displaying the routes BGP4 has placed in the IP route table........... 503
Displaying route flap dampening statistics........................................ 504
Displaying the active route map configuration.................................. 505
Displaying BGP4 graceful restart neighbor information.................... 505
Displaying AS4 details...................................................................... 506
Displaying route-map continue clauses............................................ 514
Updating route information and resetting a neighbor session...........517
Using soft reconfiguration................................................................. 517
Dynamically requesting a route refresh from a BGP4 neighbor........519
Closing or resetting a neighbor session............................................ 522
Clearing and resetting BGP4 routes in the IP route table................. 522
Clearing traffic counters................................................................................ 523
Clearing diagnostic buffers............................................................................523
Configuring BGP4+...............................................................................................................525
Supported BGP4+ features...........................................................................525
BGP4+ overview........................................................................................... 525
Address family configuration level.................................................................526
Configuring BGP4+....................................................................................... 526
Enabling BGP4+................................................................................527
Configuring BGP4+ neighbors using global or site-local IPv6
addresses.................................................................................... 528
Adding BGP4+ neighbors using link-local addresses....................... 528
Configuring a BGP4+ peer group......................................................530
Advertising the default BGP4+ route.................................................531
Importing routes into BGP4+ ............................................................532
Redistributing prefixes into BGP4+................................................... 532
Aggregating routes advertised to BGP4 neighbors...........................533
Using route maps.............................................................................. 534
Enabling next-hop recursion............................................................. 534
Using the IPv6 default route as a valid next-hop for a BGP4+ route.536
Clearing BGP4+ information......................................................................... 537
Removing route flap dampening....................................................... 537
Clearing route flap dampening statistics........................................... 537
Clearing BGP4+ local route information............................................538
Clearing BGP4+ neighbor information.............................................. 538
Clearing and resetting BGP4+ routes in the IPv6 route table........... 541
Clearing traffic counters for all BGP4+ neighbors.............................541
Displaying BGP4+ information...................................................................... 541
Displaying the BGP4+ route table.....................................................542
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Displaying BGP4+ route information...............................................547
Displaying BGP4+ route-attribute entries........................................549
Displaying the BGP4+ running configuration.................................. 551
Displaying dampened BGP4+ paths............................................... 551
Displaying filtered-out BGP4+ routes..............................................552
Displaying route flap dampening statistics......................................556
Displaying BGP4+ neighbor information......................................... 557
Displaying BGP4+ peer group configuration information................ 579
Displaying BGP4+ summary........................................................... 580
Configuring BGP4+ graceful restart............................................................ 582
Configuring BGP4+ graceful restart for the global routing
instance..................................................................................... 582
Configuring timers for BGP4+ graceful restart (optional)................ 582
Displaying BGP4+ graceful restart neighbor information................ 583
VRRP and VRRP-E...............................................................................................................585
VRRP and VRRP-E Feature Table............................................................. 585
Overview..................................................................................................... 586
VRRP and VRRP-E overview..................................................................... 586
VRRP overview...............................................................................586
VRRP-E overview........................................................................... 591
ARP behavior with VRRP-E............................................................593
Comparison of VRRP and VRRP-E............................................................ 594
VRRP.............................................................................................. 594
VRRP-E...........................................................................................594
Architectural differences between VRRP and VRRP-E.................. 594
VRRP and VRRP-E parameters................................................................. 595
Note regarding disabling VRRP or VRRP-E................................... 598
Basic VRRP parameter configuration......................................................... 599
Configuration rules for VRRP..........................................................599
Configuring the Owner for IPv4 VRRP............................................599
Configuring the Owner for IPv6 VRRP............................................600
Configuring a Backup for IPv4 VRRP............................................. 600
Configuring a Backup for IPv6 VRRP............................................. 601
Assigning an auto-generated link-local IPv6 address for a
VRRPv3 cluster......................................................................... 602
Enabling the v2 checksum computation method in IPv4 and
IPv6 VRRPv3.............................................................................602
Enabling accept mode in VRRP non-Owner Master router............ 603
Configuration considerations for IPv6 VRRP v3 and IPv6
VRRP-E v3 support on Brocade devices...................................603
Basic VRRP-E parameter configuration......................................................603
Configuration rules for VRRP-E...................................................... 603
Configuring IPv4 VRRP-E...............................................................604
Configuring IPv6 VRRP-E...............................................................604
Additional VRRP and VRRP-E parameter configuration.............................605
VRRP and VRRP-E authentication types....................................... 606
VRRP router type............................................................................607
Suppression of RIP advertisements................................................609
Hello interval configuration..............................................................609
Dead interval configuration............................................................. 610
Backup Hello message state and interval.......................................610
Track port configuration.................................................................. 611
Track priority configuration..............................................................611
Backup preempt configuration........................................................ 612
Changing the timer scale................................................................ 612
VRRP-E slow start timer................................................................. 613
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VRRP-E Extension for Server Virtualization..................................... 614
Suppressing default interface-level RA messages on an interface
configured with IPv6 VRRP or VRRP-E...................................... 616
Suppression of interface level RA in a IPv6 VRRP/VRRP-E
configured interface..................................................................... 617
Forcing a Master router to abdicate to a Backup router................................617
Displaying VRRP and VRRP-E information.................................................. 618
Displaying summary information....................................................... 619
Displaying detailed information......................................................... 620
Displaying statistics...........................................................................627
Clearing VRRP or VRRP-E statistics................................................ 631
Configuration examples................................................................................ 631
VRRP example..................................................................................632
VRRP-E example.............................................................................. 633
Configuring Multi-VRF...........................................................................................................635
Supported Multi-VRF features ......................................................................635
Supported devices, interface modules, and protocols.................................. 636
Multi-VRF Overview...................................................................................... 637
Configuring Multi-VRF...................................................................................638
Configuring VRF-related system-max values....................................639
Configuring VRF instances............................................................... 642
Configuring a route distinguisher...................................................... 642
Configuring IPv4 and/or IPv6 address families ................................ 642
Configuring routing protocols for new Multi-VRF instance................ 643
Assigning a VRF routing instance to an L3 interface........................ 643
Removing a Multi-VRF instance....................................................................644
Configuring Management VRFs....................................................................645
Source interface and management VRF compatibility...................... 645
Supported management applications................................................646
Configuring a global management VRF........................................................ 648
Configuration notes........................................................................... 649
Displaying the management VRF information...............................................649
Configuring sFlow with Multi-VRFs............................................................... 651
Configuring static-ARP for Multi-VRFs..........................................................652
Configuring static-ARP on default VRFs........................................... 653
Configuring static-ARP on non-default VRFs....................................653
Proxy ARP and Local Proxy ARP..................................................... 653
ARP rate-limiting .............................................................................. 653
Configuring DAI to support a Multi-VRF instance......................................... 654
Configuring DHCP snooping to support a Multi-VRF instance......................654
Configuring IP Source Guard to support a Multi-VRF instance.....................654
Configuring the Neighbor Discovery Protocol............................................... 654
Configuring Static-Neighbor on default VRFs................................... 654
Configuring static-neighbor on non-default VRFs............................. 655
Assigning loopback interfaces.......................................................................655
Configuring load sharing for Multi-VRFs....................................................... 655
Multi-VRF Show commands..........................................................................655
View all configured VRFs in summary mode.................................... 656
View specific VRF in detail mode......................................................656
View all configured VRFs in detail mode...........................................656
View DHCPv6 snooping status and ports ........................................ 657
View DHCPv6 snooping binding database ...................................... 657
Application and routing protocol specific VRF show commands.......657
Multi-VRF basic configuration example ........................................................657
Step 1: System-max configuration.................................................... 658
Step 2: Configuring VRFs................................................................. 660
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13
Step 3: Start OSPF process for each VRF......................................660
Step 4: Assign VRFs to each ve interfaces, and configure IP
address and OSPF ...................................................................660
Show IP OSPF neighbor and show ip route output for each VRF . 661
Layer 3 Routing Commands................................................................................................ 663
arp-internal-priority......................................................................................664
ipv6 nd router-preference............................................................................665
ipv6-address auto-gen-link-local................................................................. 666
use-v2-checksum........................................................................................667
accept-mode............................................................................................... 668
ipv6 nd skip-interface-ra..............................................................................669
hello-interval................................................................................................670
version ........................................................................................................671
ip arp inspection validate............................................................................ 672
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Preface
● Document conventions....................................................................................................15
● Brocade resources.......................................................................................................... 17
● Contacting Brocade Technical Support...........................................................................17
● Document feedback........................................................................................................ 18
Document conventions
The document conventions describe text formatting conventions, command syntax conventions, and
important notice formats used in Brocade technical documentation.
Text formatting conventions
Text formatting conventions such as boldface, italic, or Courier font may be used in the flow of the text
to highlight specific words or phrases.
Format
bold text
italic text
Courier font
Description
Identifies command names
Identifies keywords and operands
Identifies the names of user-manipulated GUI elements
Identifies text to enter at the GUI
Identifies emphasis
Identifies variables and modifiers
Identifies paths and Internet addresses
Identifies document titles
Identifies CLI output
Identifies command syntax examples
Command syntax conventions
Bold and italic text identify command syntax components. Delimiters and operators define groupings of
parameters and their logical relationships.
Convention
bold text Identifies command names, keywords, and command options.
italic text Identifies a variable.
Description
FastIron Ethernet Switch Layer 3 Routing Configuration Guide 15
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Notes, cautions, and warnings
Convention Description
value In Fibre Channel products, a fixed value provided as input to a command
[ ] Syntax components displayed within square brackets are optional.
option is printed in plain text, for example, --show WWN.
Default responses to system prompts are enclosed in square brackets.
{ x | y | z } A choice of required parameters is enclosed in curly brackets separated by
x | y A vertical bar separates mutually exclusive elements.
< > Nonprinting characters, for example, passwords, are enclosed in angle
...
\
vertical bars. You must select one of the options.
In Fibre Channel products, square brackets may be used instead for this
purpose.
brackets.
Repeat the previous element, for example, member[member...].
Indicates a “soft” line break in command examples. If a backslash separates
two lines of a command input, enter the entire command at the prompt without
the backslash.
Notes, cautions, and warnings
Notes, cautions, and warning statements may be used in this document. They are listed in the order of
increasing severity of potential hazards.
NOTE
A Note provides a tip, guidance, or advice, emphasizes important information, or provides a reference
to related information.
ATTENTION
An Attention statement indicates a stronger note, for example, to alert you when traffic might be
interrupted or the device might reboot.
CAUTION
A Caution statement alerts you to situations that can be potentially hazardous to you or cause
damage to hardware, firmware, software, or data.
DANGER
A Danger statement indicates conditions or situations that can be potentially lethal or
extremely hazardous to you. Safety labels are also attached directly to products to warn of
these conditions or situations.
16 FastIron Ethernet Switch Layer 3 Routing Configuration Guide
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Brocade resources
Visit the Brocade website to locate related documentation for your product and additional Brocade
resources.
You can download additional publications supporting your product at www.brocade.com. Select the
Brocade Products tab to locate your product, then click the Brocade product name or image to open the
individual product page. The user manuals are available in the resources module at the bottom of the
page under the Documentation category.
To get up-to-the-minute information on Brocade products and resources, go to MyBrocade. You can
register at no cost to obtain a user ID and password.
Release notes are available on MyBrocade under Product Downloads.
White papers, online demonstrations, and data sheets are available through the Brocade website.
Contacting Brocade Technical Support
Brocade resources
As a Brocade customer, you can contact Brocade Technical Support 24x7 online, by telephone, or by email. Brocade OEM customers contact their OEM/Solutions provider.
Brocade customers
For product support information and the latest information on contacting the Technical Assistance
Center, go to http://www.brocade.com/services-support/index.html.
If you have purchased Brocade product support directly from Brocade, use one of the following methods
to contact the Brocade Technical Assistance Center 24x7.
Online Telephone E-mail
Preferred method of contact for nonurgent issues:
• My Cases through MyBrocade
• Software downloads and licensing
tools
• Knowledge Base
Required for Sev 1-Critical and Sev
2-High issues:
• Continental US: 1-800-752-8061
• Europe, Middle East, Africa, and
Asia Pacific: +800-AT FIBREE
(+800 28 34 27 33)
• For areas unable to access toll
free number: +1-408-333-6061
• Toll-free numbers are available in
many countries.
support@brocade.com
Please include:
• Problem summary
• Serial number
• Installation details
• Environment description
Brocade OEM customers
If you have purchased Brocade product support from a Brocade OEM/Solution Provider, contact your
OEM/Solution Provider for all of your product support needs.
• OEM/Solution Providers are trained and certified by Brocade to support Brocade® products.
• Brocade provides backline support for issues that cannot be resolved by the OEM/Solution Provider.
FastIron Ethernet Switch Layer 3 Routing Configuration Guide 17
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Document feedback
• Brocade Supplemental Support augments your existing OEM support contract, providing direct
access to Brocade expertise. For more information, contact Brocade or your OEM.
• For questions regarding service levels and response times, contact your OEM/Solution Provider.
Document feedback
To send feedback and report errors in the documentation you can use the feedback form posted with
the document or you can e-mail the documentation team.
Quality is our first concern at Brocade and we have made every effort to ensure the accuracy and
completeness of this document. However, if you find an error or an omission, or you think that a topic
needs further development, we want to hear from you. You can provide feedback in two ways:
• Through the online feedback form in the HTML documents posted on www.brocade.com.
• By sending your feedback to documentation@brocade.com.
Provide the publication title, part number, and as much detail as possible, including the topic heading
and page number if applicable, as well as your suggestions for improvement.
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About This Document
● Supported Hardware....................................................................................................... 19
● What’s new in this document.......................................................................................... 19
● How command information is presented in this guide.....................................................20
Supported Hardware
This guide supports the following product families from Brocade:
• FastIron X Series devices (chassis models):
‐ FastIron SX 800
‐ FastIron SX 1600
• Brocade FCX Series (FCX) Stackable Switch
• Brocade ICX™ 6610 (ICX 6610) Stackable Switch
• Brocade ICX 6430 Series (ICX 6430)
• Brocade ICX 6450 Series (ICX 6450)
• Brocade ICX 6650 Series (ICX 6650)
• Brocade ICX 7750 Series (ICX 7750)
For information about the specific models and modules supported in a product family, refer to the
hardware installation guide for that product family.
NOTE
The Brocade ICX 6430-C switch supports the same feature set as the Brocade ICX 6430 switch unless
otherwise noted.
NOTE
The Brocade ICX 6450-C12-PD switch supports the same feature set as the Brocade ICX 6450 switch
unless otherwise noted.
What’s new in this document
This document includes a description of the new information added to this guide for version 08.0.10d of
the latest FastIron software release.
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19
How command information is presented in this guide
Summary of Enhancements in FastIron release 08.0.10dTABLE 1
Feature Description Location
DHCPv6 Relay Agent Prefix
Delegation Notification
DHCPv6 Relay Agent Prefix
Delegation Notification allows a
DHCPv6 server to dynamically
delegate IPv6 prefixes to a DHCPv6
client using the DHCPv6 Prefix
Delegation (PD) option.
Described in IPv6 Configuration on
FastIron X Series, FCX, and ICX
Series Switches on page 163
How command information is presented in this guide
For all new content, command syntax and parameters are documented in a separate command
reference section at the end of the publication.
In an effort to provide consistent command line interface (CLI) documentation for all products, Brocade
is in the process of preparing standalone Command References for the IP platforms. This process
involves separating command syntax and parameter descriptions from configuration tasks. Until this
process is completed, command information is presented in two ways:
• For all new content included in this guide, the CLI is documented in separate command pages. The
new command pages follow a standard format to present syntax, parameters, usage guidelines,
examples, and command history. Command pages are compiled in alphabetical order in a separate
command reference chapter at the end of the publication.
• Legacy content continues to include command syntax and parameter descriptions in the chapters
where the features are documented.
If you do not find command syntax information embedded in a configuration task, refer to the
command reference section at the end of this publication for information on CLI syntax and usage.
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IP Configuration
● Supported IP features..................................................................................................... 21
● Basic IP configuration..................................................................................................... 22
● IP configuration overview................................................................................................ 23
● Basic IP parameters and defaults - Layer 3 Switches.....................................................30
● Basic IP parameters and defaults - Layer 2 Switches.....................................................35
● Configuring IP parameters - Layer 3 switches................................................................ 38
● Configuring IP parameters - Layer 2 Switches..............................................................105
● IPv4 point-to-point GRE tunnels ...................................................................................111
● Displaying IP configuration information and statistics................................................... 132
● Disabling IP checksum check....................................................................................... 151
Supported IP features
Lists IP configuration features supported on FastIron devices.
IP features are supported with the full Layer 3 software image except where explicitly noted.
Feature ICX 6430 ICX 6450 FCX ICX 6610 ICX 6650 FSX 800
FSX 1600
ARP Packet Validation 08.0.10a 08.0.10a 08.0.10a 08.0.10a 08.0.10a 08.0.10a 08.0.10a
BootP/DHCP relay No 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.10
Specifying which IP address will be
included in a DHCP/BootP reply packet
DHCP Server 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.10
DHCP Client-Based Auto-Configuration 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.10
DHCP Client-Based Flash image Autoupdate
DHCP assist 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.10
Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP) load
sharing
IP helper No 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.10
Single source address for the following
packet types: Telnet, TFTP, Syslog,
NTP, TACACS TACACS+, RADIUS,
SSH, SNMP
IPv4 point-to-point GRE IP tunnels No 08.0.01
No 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.10
08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.10
No 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.10
No No No No 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.10
1
08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.10
ICX 7750
1
In a mixed stack only.
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Basic IP configuration
Feature ICX 6430 ICX 6450 FCX ICX 6610 ICX 6650 FSX 800
FSX 1600
GRE tunnel counters enhancement No No 08.0.01 No 08.0.01 No 08.0.10
Routing for directly connected IP
subnets
Virtual Interfaces: Up to 512 virtual
interfaces
31-bit subnet mask on point-to-point
networks
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) No 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.10
Reverse Address Resolution Protocol
(RARP)
IP follow No 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.10
Proxy ARP No 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.10
Local proxy ARP No 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.10
Learning Gratuitous ARP No 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.10
Jumbo frames: Up to 10,200 bytes 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.10
IP MTU (individual port setting) No 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.10
Path MTU discovery No No 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.10
No 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.10
No 08.0.01
No 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.10
No 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.10
2
08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.10
ICX 7750
ICMP Router Discovery Protocol (IRDP) No 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.10
Domain Name Server (DNS) resolver 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.10
IP checksum check disable No No No No 08.0.01 08.0.01 08.0.10
NOTE
References to chassis-based Layer 3 switches apply to the FSX 800 and FSX 1600.
NOTE
The terms Layer 3 Switch and router are used interchangeably in this chapter and mean the same.
Basic IP configuration
IP is enabled by default. Basic configuration consists of adding IP addresses for Layer 3 switches,
enabling a route exchange protocol, such as the Routing Information Protocol (RIP).
If you are configuring a Layer 3 switch, refer to Configuring IP addresses on page 38 to add IP
addresses, then enable and configure the route exchange protocols, as described in other chapters of
this guide.
2
Up to 255 virtual interfaces.
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If you are configuring a Layer 2 switch, refer to Configuring the management IP address and specifying
the default gateway on page 105 to add an IP address for management access through the network
and to specify the default gateway.
The rest of this chapter describes IP and how to configure it in more detail. Use the information in this
chapter if you need to change some of the IP parameters from their default values or you want to view
configuration information or statistics.
IP configuration overview
Brocade Layer 2 switches and Layer 3 switches support Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) and IPv6. IP
support on BrocadeLayer 2 switches consists of basic services to support management access and
access to a default gateway.
Full Layer 3 support
IP support on Brocade full Layer 3 switches includes all of the following, in addition to a highly
configurable implementation of basic IP services including Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), ICMP
Router Discovery Protocol (IRDP), and Reverse ARP (RARP):
• Route exchange protocols:
‐ Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
‐ Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
‐ Border Gateway Protocol version 4 (BGP4)
• Multicast protocols:
‐ Internet Group Membership Protocol (IGMP)
‐ Protocol Independent Multicast Dense (PIM-DM)
‐ Protocol Independent Multicast Sparse (PIM-SM)
• Router redundancy protocols:
‐ Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol Extended (VRRP-E)
‐ Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP)
IP configuration overview
IP interfaces
NOTE
This section describes IPv4 addresses. For information about IPv6 addresses on FastIron X Series
devices, refer to "IPv6 addressing overview" section in the FastIron Ethernet Switch Administration
Guide .
Brocade Layer 3 switches and Layer 2 switches allow you to configure IP addresses. On Layer 3
switches, IP addresses are associated with individual interfaces. On Layer 2 switches, a single IP
address serves as the management access address for the entire device.
All Brocade Layer 3 switches and Layer 2 switches support configuration and display of IP addresses in
classical subnet format (for example: 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0) and Classless Interdomain Routing
(CIDR) format (for example: 192.168.1.1/24). You can use either format when configuring IP address
information. IP addresses are displayed in classical subnet format by default but you can change the
display format to CIDR. Refer to Changing the network mask display to prefix format on page 132.
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Layer 3 switches
Layer 3 switches
Brocade Layer 3 switches allow you to configure IP addresses on the following types of interfaces:
• Ethernet ports
• Virtual routing interfaces (used by VLANs to route among one another)
• Loopback interfaces
• GRE tunnels
Each IP address on a Layer 3 switch must be in a different subnet. You can have only one interface
that is in a given subnet. For example, you can configure IP addresses 192.168.1.1/24 and
192.168.2.1/24 on the same Layer 3 switch, but you cannot configure 192.168.1.1/24 and
192.168.1.2/24 on the same Layer 3 switch.
You can configure multiple IP addresses on the same interface.
The number of IP addresses you can configure on an individual interface depends on the Layer 3
switch model. To display the maximum number of IP addresses and other system parameters you can
configure on a Layer 3 switch, refer to "Displaying and modifying system parameter default settings"
section in the FastIron Ethernet Switch Platform and Layer 2 Switching Configuration Guide .
You can use any of the IP addresses you configure on the Layer 3 switch for Telnet or SNMP access.
Layer 2 switches
You can configure an IP address on a BrocadeLayer 2 switch for management access to the Layer 2
switch. An IP address is required for Telnet access and SNMP access.
You also can specify the default gateway for forwarding traffic to other subnets.
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IP packet flow through a Layer 3 switch
FIGURE 1 IP Packet flow through a Brocade Layer 3 switch
IP packet flow through a Layer 3 switch
1. When the Layer 3 switch receives an IP packet, the Layer 3 switch checks for filters on the receiving
interface.3 If a deny filter on the interface denies the packet, the Layer 3 switch discards the packet
and performs no further processing, except generating a Syslog entry and SNMP message, if logging
is enabled for the filter.
2. If the packet is not denied at the incoming interface, the Layer 3 switch looks in the session table for
an entry that has the same source IP address and TCP or UDP port as the packet. If the session
table contains a matching entry, the Layer 3 switch immediately forwards the packet, by addressing it
to the destination IP address and TCP or UDP port listed in the session table entry and sending the
packet to a queue on the outgoing ports listed in the session table. The Layer 3 switch selects the
queue based on the Quality of Service (QoS) level associated with the session table entry.
3. If the session table does not contain an entry that matches the packet source address and TCP or
UDP port, the Layer 3 switch looks in the IP forwarding cache for an entry that matches the packet
destination IP address. If the forwarding cache contains a matching entry, the Layer 3 switch
forwards the packet to the IP address in the entry. The Layer 3 switch sends the packet to a queue
on the outgoing ports listed in the forwarding cache. The Layer 3 switch selects the queue based on
the Quality of Service (QoS) level associated with the forwarding cache entry.
4. If the IP forwarding cache does not have an entry for the packet, the Layer 3 switch checks the IP
route table for a route to the packet destination. If the IP route table has a route, the Layer 3 switch
3
The filter can be an Access Control List (ACL) or an IP access policy.
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ARP cache and static ARP table
makes an entry in the session table or the forwarding cache, and sends the route to a queue on the
outgoing ports:
• ‐ If the running-config contains an IP access policy for the packet, the software makes an
‐ If the running-config does not contain an IP access policy for the packet, the software
The following sections describe the IP tables and caches:
• ARP cache and static ARP table
• IP route table
• IP forwarding cache
• Layer 4 session table
The software enables you to display these tables. You also can change the capacity of the tables
on an individual basis if needed by changing the memory allocation for the table.
ARP cache and static ARP table
entry in the session table. The Layer 3 switch uses the new session table entry to
forward subsequent packets from the same source to the same destination.
creates a new entry in the forwarding cache. The Layer 3 switch uses the new cache
entry to forward subsequent packets to the same destination.
The ARP cache contains entries that map IP addresses to MAC addresses. Generally, the entries are
for devices that are directly attached to the Layer 3 switch.
An exception is an ARP entry for an interface-based static IP route that goes to a destination that is
one or more router hops away. For this type of entry, the MAC address is either the destination device
MAC address or the MAC address of the router interface that answered an ARP request on behalf of
the device, using proxy ARP.
ARP cache
The ARP cache can contain dynamic (learned) entries and static (user-configured) entries. The
software places a dynamic entry in the ARP cache when the Layer 3 switch learns a device MAC
address from an ARP request or ARP reply from the device.
The software can learn an entry when the Layer 2 switch or Layer 3 switch receives an ARP request
from another IP forwarding device or an ARP reply. Here is an example of a dynamic entry:
IP Address MAC Address Type Age Port
1 10.95.6.102 0000.00fc.ea21 Dynamic 0 6
Each entry contains the destination device IP address and MAC address.
Static ARP table
In addition to the ARP cache, Layer 3 switches have a static ARP table. Entries in the static ARP table
are user-configured. You can add entries to the static ARP table regardless of whether or not the
device the entry is for is connected to the Layer 3 switch.
NOTE
Layer 3 switches have a static ARP table. Layer 2 switches do not.
The software places an entry from the static ARP table into the ARP cache when the entry interface
comes up.
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IP route table
Here is an example of a static ARP entry.
Index IP Address MAC Address Port
1 10.95.6.111 0000.003b.d210 1/1
Each entry lists the information you specified when you created the entry.
IP route table
The IP route table contains paths to IP destinations.
NOTE
Layer 2 switches do not have an IP route table. A Layer 2 switch sends all packets addressed to
another subnet to the default gateway, which you specify when you configure the basic IP information
on the Layer 2 switch.
The IP route table can receive the paths from the following sources:
• A directly-connected destination, which means there are no router hops to the destination
• A static IP route, which is a user-configured route
• A route learned through RIP
• A route learned through OSPF
• A route learned through BGP4
The IP route table contains the best path to a destination:
• When the software receives paths from more than one of the sources listed above, the software
compares the administrative distance of each path and selects the path with the lowest
administrative distance. The administrative distance is a protocol-independent value from 1 through
255.
• When the software receives two or more best paths from the same source and the paths have the
same metric (cost), the software can load share traffic among the paths based on destination host or
network address (based on the configuration and the Layer 3 switch model).
Here is an example of an entry in the IP route table.
Destination NetMask Gateway Port Cost Type
10.1.0.0 255.255.0.0
10.1.1.2 1/1 2 R
Each IP route table entry contains the destination IP address and subnet mask and the IP address of
the next-hop router interface to the destination. Each entry also indicates the port attached to the
destination or the next-hop to the destination, the route IP metric (cost), and the type. The type indicates
how the IP route table received the route.
To increase the size of the IP route table for learned and static routes, refer to the section "Displaying
and modifying system parameter default settings" in the FastIron Ethernet Switch Platform and Layer 2
Switching Configuration Guide:
• For learned routes, modify theip-route parameter.
• For static routes, modify the ip-static-route parameter.
IP forwarding cache
The IP forwarding cache provides a fast-path mechanism for forwarding IP packets. The cache contains
entries for IP destinations. When a Brocade Layer 3 switch has completed processing and addressing
for a packet and is ready to forward the packet, the device checks the IP forwarding cache for an entry
to the packet destination:
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Layer 4 session table
• If the cache contains an entry with the destination IP address, the device uses the information in the
entry to forward the packet out the ports listed in the entry. The destination IP address is the
address of the packet final destination. The port numbers are the ports through which the
destination can be reached.
• If the cache does not contain an entry and the traffic does not qualify for an entry in the session
table instead, the software can create an entry in the forwarding cache.
Each entry in the IP forwarding cache has an age timer. If the entry remains unused for ten minutes,
the software removes the entry. The age timer is not configurable.
Here is an example of an entry in the IP forwarding cache.
IP Address Next Hop MAC Type Port Vlan Pri
1 192.168.1.11 DIRECT 0000.0000.0000 PU n/a 0
Each IP forwarding cache entry contains the IP address of the destination, and the IP address and
MAC address of the next-hop router interface to the destination. If the destination is actually an
interface configured on the Layer 3 switch itself, as shown here, then next-hop information indicates
this. The port through which the destination is reached is also listed, as well as the VLAN and Layer 4
QoS priority associated with the destination if applicable.
NOTE
You cannot add static entries to the IP forwarding cache, although you can increase the number of
entries the cache can contain. Refer to the section "Displaying and modifying system parameter
default settings" in the FastIron Ethernet Switch Platform and Layer 2 Switching Configuration Guide .
Layer 4 session table
The Layer 4 session provides a fast path for forwarding packets. A session is an entry that contains
complete Layer 3 and Layer 4 information for a flow of traffic. Layer 3 information includes the source
and destination IP addresses. Layer 4 information includes the source and destination TCP and UDP
ports. For comparison, the IP forwarding cache contains the Layer 3 destination address but does not
contain the other source and destination address information of a Layer 4 session table entry.
The Layer 2 switch or Layer 3 switch selects the session table instead of the IP forwarding table for
fast-path forwarding for the following features:
• Layer 4 Quality-of-Service (QoS) policies
• IP access policies
To increase the size of the session table, refer to the section "Displaying and modifying system
parameter default settings" in the FastIron Ethernet Switch Platform and Layer 2 Switching
Configuration Guide . The ip-qos-session parameter controls the size of the session table.
IP route exchange protocols
Brocade Layer 3 switches support the following IP route exchange protocols:
• Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
• Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
• Border Gateway Protocol version 4 (BGP4)
All these protocols provide routes to the IP route table. You can use one or more of these protocols, in
any combination. The protocols are disabled by default.
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IP multicast protocols
IP multicast protocols
Brocade Layer 3 switches also support the following Internet Group Membership Protocol (IGMP) based
IP multicast protocols:
• Protocol Independent Multicast - Dense mode (PIM-DM)
• Protocol Independent Multicast - Sparse mode (PIM-SM)
For configuration information, refer to chapter "IP Multicast Protocols" in the FastIron Ethernet Switch IP
Multicast Configuration Guide .
NOTE
Brocade Layer 3 switches support IGMP and can forward IP multicast packets. Refer to the "IP
Multicast Traffic Reduction" chapter in the FastIron Ethernet Switch IP Multicast Configuration Guide .
IP interface redundancy protocols
You can configure a Brocade Layer 3 switch to back up an IP interface configured on another Brocade
Layer 3 switch. If the link for the backed up interface becomes unavailable, the other Layer 3 switch can
continue service for the interface. This feature is especially useful for providing a backup to a network
default gateway.
Brocade Layer 3 switches support the following IP interface redundancy protocols:
• Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) - A standard router redundancy protocol based on RFC
2338. You can use VRRP to configure Brocade Layer 3 switches and third-party routers to back up
IP interfaces on other Brocade Layer 3 switches or third-party routers.
• Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol Extended (VRRP-E) - A Brocade extension to standard VRRP
that adds additional features and overcomes limitations in standard VRRP. You can use VRRP-E
only on Brocade Layer 3 switches.
ACLs and IP access policies
Brocade Layer 3 switches provide two mechanisms for filtering IP traffic:
• Access Control Lists (ACLs)
• IP access policies
Both methods allow you to filter packets based on Layer 3 and Layer 4 source and destination
information.
ACLs also provide great flexibility by providing the input to various other filtering mechanisms such as
route maps, which are used by BGP4.
IP access policies allow you to configure QoS based on sessions (Layer 4 traffic flows).
Only one of these filtering mechanisms can be enabled on a Brocade device at a time. Brocade devices
can store forwarding information for both methods of filtering in the session table.
For configuration information, refer to the chapter "Rule-Based IP ACLs" in the FastIron Ethernet Switch
Security Configuration Guide .
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Basic IP parameters and defaults - Layer 3 Switches
Basic IP parameters and defaults - Layer 3 Switches
IP is enabled by default. The following IP-based protocols are all disabled by default:
• Routing protocols:
‐ Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
‐ Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
‐ Border Gateway Protocol version 4 (BGP4)
• Multicast protocols:
‐ Internet Group Membership Protocol (IGMP)
‐ Protocol Independent Multicast Dense (PIM-DM)
‐ Protocol Independent Multicast Sparse (PIM-SM)
• Router redundancy protocols:
‐ Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol Extended (VRRP-E)
‐ Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP)
When parameter changes take effect
Most IP parameters described in this chapter are dynamic. They take effect immediately, as soon as
you enter the CLI command. You can verify that a dynamic change has taken effect by displaying the
running-config. To display the running-config, enter the show running-config or write terminal
command at any CLI prompt.
To save a configuration change permanently so that the change remains in effect following a system
reset or software reload, save the change to the startup-config file:
• To save configuration changes to the startup-config file, enter the write memory command from the
Privileged EXEC level of any configuration level of the CLI.
Changes to memory allocation require you to reload the software after you save the changes to the
startup-config file. When reloading the software is required to complete a configuration change
described in this chapter, the procedure that describes the configuration change includes a step for
reloading the software.
IP global parameters - Layer 3 Switches
IP global parameters - Layer 3 Switches TABLE 2
Parameter Description Default
IP state The Internet Protocol, version 4 Enabled
NOTE
You cannot disable IP.
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