Basler Electric DECS-100 User Manual

INSTRUCTION MANUAL

FOR

DIGITAL EXCITATION CONTROL SYSTEM

DECS-100

Publication:	9287500991
Revision:	M	02/15

INTRODUCTION

This instruction manual provides information about the operation and installation of the DECS-100 Digital Excitation Control System. To accomplish this, the following information is provided:

•General Information and Specifications

•Controls and Indicators

•Functional Description

•Installation

•Maintenance and Troubleshooting

WARNING!

To avoid personal injury or equipment damage, only qualified personnel should perform the procedures in this manual.

Lethal voltage is present at the rear panel when the unit is energized. Rear panel connections should be made only when the unit is de-energized.

CAUTION

The Manual mode excitation level must be evaluated prior to enabling this feature. If the level of excitation current is inappropriate for the generator, severe damage to the generator may occur.

Improper PID numbers will result in poor system performance or system damage.

When applying operating power for programming purposes, observe the precautions called out in Section 4, Installation, Preliminary Setup.

When programming the DECS-100 without the generator spinning, the connections to DECS-100 terminals F+ and F– should be removed.

Before uploading a settings file, remove operating power from the DECS-100, disconnect the field wiring from terminals F+ and F–, and re-apply operating power to the DECS-100.

NOTE

Be sure that the DECS-100 is hard-wired to earth ground with no smaller than 12 AWG copper wire attached to the ground terminal on the rear of the unit case. When the DECS-100 is configured in a system with other devices, it is recommended to use a separate lead to the ground bus from each unit.

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First Printing: March 2001

Printed in USA

© 2015 Basler Electric, Highland Illinois 62249 USA

All Rights Reserved

CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION

of Basler Electric, Highland Illinois, USA. It is loaned for confidential use, subject to return on request, and with the mutual understanding that it will not be used in any manner detrimental to the interest of Basler Electric.

It is not the intention of this manual to cover all details and variations in equipment, nor does this manual provide data for every possible contingency regarding installation or operation. The availability and design of all features and options are subject to modification without notice. Should further information be required, contact Basler Electric.

For terms of service relating to this product and software, see the Commercial Terms of Products and Services document available at www.basler.com/terms.

BASLER ELECTRIC
12570 STATE ROUTE 143
HIGHLAND IL 62249-1074 USA
http://www.basler.com, [e-mail]
PHONE [phone]	FAX [phone]

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REVISION HISTORY

The following information provides a historical summary of the changes made to the DECS-100 hardware, firmware, and software. The corresponding revisions made to this instruction manual (9287500991) are also summarized. Revisions are listed in chronological order.

	Hardware
	Version and Date		Change
	E, 01/01	•	Initial release
	F, 05/01	•	Deepened potting shell
	G, 10/01	•	Began supplying mounting screws
	H, 02/02	•	SIL-PADS were added between power components and the heat sinks
		• Added manufacturing origin to the rear label
	J, 07/02	•	Revised EEPROM
	K, 02/03	•	Replaced transistor Q8B1 with an improved part
	L, 03/03	•	Incremental improvements to firmware and BESTCOMS™
	M, 01/04	•	Improved flash memory retention
	N, 05/05	•	Redesigned current transformer
		• Added front panel Underexcitation Limiting indicator
		•	Enhanced EMI/RFI immunity
	O	•	Version letter O not used
	P, 08/06	•	Updated CD-ROM supplied with unit to include English and French
			language instruction manuals
	Q	•	Version letter Q not used
	R, 04/07	•	Resolved UEL issue with firmware modification
	S, 05/07	•	Provided German language manual on CD-ROM supplied with DECS-100
	T, 07/07	•	Released firmware version 2.13.XX
	U, 01/08	•	Improved power amplifier circuitry with more robust components
	V, 03/08	•	Added Setpoint Auto Save feature
	W, 03/09	•	Released BESTCOMS version 1.08.XX.
	X, 02/10	•	Added enhancement for production testing.
	Firmware
	Version and Date		Change
	1.09.XX, 01/01	•	Initial release
	1.11.XX, 07/01	•	Enabled the protection function during the first 5 seconds of operation
		• Modified the OEL setpoint scale factor to be compatible with BESTCOMS
			version 1.03.XX
		• Added the scale factor for per-unit gain
		• Established minimum voltage regulation at 30% of nominal sensing voltage
	1.12.XX, 03/02	•	Added register to detect CT type
	2.13.XX, 07/07	•	Added underexcitation limiting
		• Added takeover-style excitation limiting
		• Added bus voltage matching provisions
	2.14.XX, 03/08	•	Added Setpoint Auto Save setting
	2.14.XX, 04/14	•	Maintenance release
	BESTCOMS for
	Windows® OS
	Version and Date		Change
	1.02.XX, 02/01	•	Initial Release
	1.03.XX, 08/01	•	Changed OEL scale from 100 to 1,000 to match the change in firmware
			version 1.11.01
		• Changed OEL default setting from 1 to 15
		• Changed the default for all protection functions to enabled
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BESTCOMS for
Windows® OS
Version and Date		Change
	•	Add support for French regional settings
1.04.XX, 04/02	•	Made BESTCOMS compatible with older firmware versions
	•	Added support for all regional settings
	•	Enabled reading of secondary CT value for units with firmware version
		1.12.01 and higher
	•	Simplified the Analysis screen
	•	Added feature to calculate and send voltage matching reference for
		different generator and bus PT ratios
	•	Changed minimum Ki setpoint from 0 to 0.01
1.05.XX, 05/05	•	Added underexcitation limiting capability
	•	Added ability to select either summing point or takeover style OEL
	•	Added provisions for bus voltage matching
1.06.XX, 11/07	•	Added compatibility with Microsoft® Vista to BESTCOMS
1.07.XX, 03/08	•	Added Setpoint Auto Save setting.
1.08.XX, 03/09	•	Improved communications with DECS-100.
1.09.XX, 01/11	•	Added Windows® 7 compatibility and improved field overvoltage shutdown.
1.09.XX, 04/14	•	Added Windows® 8 compatibility
BESTCOMS for
Palm® OS
Version and Date		Change
1.01.XX, 01/01	•	Initial Release
1.02.XX, 08/01	•	Added a Check for New Version button to the Contact Basler screen
	•	Added a date/time stamp to the “Save to File” names
	•	Added version checking
1.03.XX, 04/02	•	Added password protection
	•	Improved version checking function
NOTE	•	BESTCOMS for Palm OS is compatible only with firmware versions
		1.12.XX and earlier
Manual
Revision and Date		Change
—, 03/01	•	Initial release
A, 03/01	•	In Section 5, BESTCOMS Software for the Windows® Operating System
		and Section 6, BESTCOMS Software for the Palm OS® Platform, Step 2 of
		Installing BESTCOMS was revised to reflect the addition of an auto-start
		utility for the DECS-100 CD-ROM
B, 08/01	•	Added Embedded Software subsection to Section 5, BESTCOMS Software
		for the Windows® Operating System
	•	Corrected various minor errors throughout manual
C, 05/02	•	Revised the torque specification for the mounting screws supplied with unit
	•	In Section 5, BESTCOMS Software for the Windows® Operating System
		and Section 6, BESTCOMS Software for the Palm® OS Platform, text and
		illustrations were revised to accommodate software enhancements
D, 01/03	•	Revised Voltage Matching Time Adjustment Range from 0 to 300 seconds
		to 1 to 300 seconds throughout manual
	•	Corrected figure number references in Sections 5 and 6
E, 03/04	•	Added Operating Power Considerations During DECS-100 Programming to
		Section 4, Installation, Preliminary Setup
	•	Added caution box regarding application of operating power during DECS-
		100 programming to Section 5, BESTCOMS for Windows® OS and
		Section 6, BESTCOMS for Palm OS®
	•	Corrected CT ratio setting range stated in Section 5

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Manual
Revision and Date		Change
F, 05/05	•	Added material covering added UEL capability
	• Revised all drawings to show new front panel with UEL indicator
	• Updated all illustrations of rear panel to show revised CT
	• Added discussion of summing point and takeover style OEL limiting
	• Revised voltage matching description to cover Maintain and Revert modes
	• Corrected the hole drilling diameter shown in Figure 4-2
	• Added illustration/description for using the ICRM-7 with the DECS-100
	• Removed Section 6, BESTCOMS Software for the Palm® OS Platform and
		moved Maintenance and Troubleshooting to Section 6
	• Added troubleshooting procedure for a UEL annunciation
G, 03/07	•	Corrected illustration and descriptions of BESTCOMS Metering, Operation
		and Alarms screen, Operation tab
	• Removed expired patent information
H, 05/08	•	Added DNV compliance statement to manual specifications
	• Added description of BESTCOMS Setpoint Auto Save feature
J, 10/08	•	Revised the setting ranges of control gain settings OEL KI, OEL Kg,
		UEL KI, and UEL Kg from 0–1,000 to 0–300 to reflect changes made in
		BESTCOMS version 1.07.01.
K, 05/11	•	Revised Introduction to reflect new epoxy-potted package.
	• Removed “(optional feature)” from note 5 of Figures 4-7 to 4-10, due to the
		setpoint option now being standard.
	• Added storage / electrolytic capacitors procedure to Section 6.
	• Corrected various minor errors throughout manual
L, 07/13	•	Section 1: Added maritime agency recognition.
	• Section 1: Added Power Dissipation to specifications.
	• Section 4: Added maritime agency conditions of acceptability.
	• Section 4: Added note box regarding 24 Vdc operating power being used
		for programming the DECS-100.
	• Section 5: Added caution box regarding PID calculations and instruction to
		allow 5 seconds after sending settings or firmware to the DECS-100.
	• Section 5: Added description for Derivative Gain TD.
	• Section 6: Added energizing procedure for maintaining electrolytic
		capacitors while in storage.
M, 02/15	•	Added UL recognition for UL6200.
	•	Added EAC certification.
	• Added ferrite clamp recommendations for CE compliant installation.
	•	Minor text edits.

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CONTENTS

A detailed table of contents is provided at the start of each manual section. The manual sections are ordered as follows.

SECTION 1 • GENERAL INFORMATION.................................................................................................		1-1
SECTION 2 • HUMAN-MACHINE INTERFACE........................................................................................		2-1
SECTION 3	• FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION............................................................................................	3-1
SECTION 4	• INSTALLATION...................................................................................................................	4-1
SECTION 5	• BESTCOMS™ SOFTWARE ...............................................................................................	5-1
SECTION 6	• MAINTENANCE AND TROUBLESHOOTING ....................................................................	6-1

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SECTION 1 • GENERAL INFORMATION

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION 1 • GENERAL INFORMATION ................................................................................................	1-1
INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................................	1-1
FEATURES ............................................................................................................................................	1-1
Model and STYLE NUMBERs ...............................................................................................................	1-1
Style Number......................................................................................................................................	1-1
SPECIFICATIONS .................................................................................................................................	1-2
Operating Power ................................................................................................................................	1-2
Generator Voltage Sensing ................................................................................................................	1-2
Generator Current Sensing ................................................................................................................	1-2
Bus Voltage Sensing (Optional) .........................................................................................................	1-2
Accessory Input..................................................................................................................................	1-3
Communication Port...........................................................................................................................	1-3
Contact Input Circuits .........................................................................................................................	1-3
Common Alarm Output.......................................................................................................................	1-3
Field Output........................................................................................................................................	1-3
AVR Operating Mode .........................................................................................................................	1-3
FCR (Manual) Operating Mode..........................................................................................................	1-4
Var Operating Mode (Optional) ..........................................................................................................	1-4
PF Operating Mode (Optional) ...........................................................................................................	1-4
Parallel Compensation .......................................................................................................................	1-4
Field Overvoltage Protection..............................................................................................................	1-4
Generator Overvoltage Protection .....................................................................................................	1-4
Overexcitation Limiter.........................................................................................................................	1-5
Underexcitation Limiter.......................................................................................................................	1-5
Soft Start Function (AVR Mode Only) ................................................................................................	1-5
Voltage Matching................................................................................................................................	1-5
Metering (BESTCOMS™) ..................................................................................................................	1-5
Environment .......................................................................................................................................	1-6
Type Tests..........................................................................................................................................	1-6
Physical ..............................................................................................................................................	1-6
Maritime Recognition..........................................................................................................................	1-6
EAC Mark (Eurasian Conformity).......................................................................................................	1-6
UL Recognized Component ...............................................................................................................	1-6
CE Compliance ..................................................................................................................................	1-6
Figures
Figure 1-1. DECS-100 Style Chart ............................................................................................................	1-1
Figure 1-2. Typical V/Hz Curves................................................................................................................	1-4

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SECTION 1 • GENERAL INFORMATION

INTRODUCTION

The Basler Digital Excitation Control System (DECS-100) is an electronic, solid-state, microprocessor based control device. The DECS-100 regulates the output voltage of a brushless, ac generator by controlling the current into the generator exciter field. Input power to the DECS-100 can be from a multipole, high-frequency, permanent magnet generator (PMG) or from the generator output when used as a conventional, shunt-excited, excitation system.

The DECS-100 is supplied in an epoxy-potted package designed for behind-the-panel mounting. The DECS-100 is held in place by thread-forming screws that thread into its plastic shell. Front panel indicators (LEDs) annunciate DECS-100 status and system conditions. DECS-100 connections are made through quarter-inch, quick-connect terminals on the rear panel. A 9-pin DB-9 type connector on the rear panel provides communication between the DECS-100 and an IBM compatible PC.

FEATURES

DECS-100 units have the following features and capabilities:

•Four control modes: automatic voltage regulation (AVR), manual or field current regulation (FCR), power factor (PF) regulation, and reactive power (var) regulation.

•Programmable stability settings.

•Soft start and voltage buildup control with an adjustable ramp in AVR control mode.

•Overexcitation limiting (OEL) and underexcitation limiting (UEL) in AVR, Var, and PF control modes.

•Underfrequency (volts/hertz) regulation.

•Three-phase or single-phase generator voltage (rms) sensing/regulation in AVR mode.

•Single-phase bus voltage (rms) sensing.

•Single-phase generator current sensing for metering and regulation purposes.

•Field current and field voltage sensing.

•One analog input for proportional remote control of the setpoint.

•Five contact sensing inputs for system interface.

•One common output relay for alarm indication and trip functions.

•Three protection functions: field overvoltage, generator overvoltage, and loss of sensing.

•Generator paralleling with reactive droop compensation and reactive differential compensation.

•Rear RS-232 communication port for personal computer communication using BESTCOMS™ Windows® based software for fast, user-friendly, setup and control.

MODEL AND STYLE NUMBERS

The model number, together with the style number, describes the options included in a specific device, and appear on a label affixed to the rear panel. Upon receipt of a DECS-100, be sure to check the style number against the requisition and the packing list to ensure that they agree.

Style Number

DECS-100 electrical characteristics and operational features are defined by a combination of letters and numbers that make up the style number. The DECS-100 style number chart is shown in Figure 1-1.

Figure 1-1. DECS-100 Style Chart

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Style Number Example

For example, a DECS-100 with a style number of A15 would have the following characteristics and operating features.

A ------- No var or power factor control 1-------- Voltage matching

5-------- 5 ampere current sensing

SPECIFICATIONS

DECS-100 specifications and qualifications are listed in the following paragraphs.

Operating Power

Refer to Section 4, Installation for special requirements concerning the application of operating power during DECS-100 programming and the application of station power.

Voltage:	88 to 250 Vac, single-phase or three-phase (L-L)
Frequency:	50 to 400 Hz
Power Dissipation:	40 W (maximum continuous)
Burden:	650	VA
Voltage Buildup:	≥6 Vac
Terminals:	3, 4, 5
Generator Voltage Sensing
Type:	1-Phase/3-Phase, 4 ranges
Burden:	<1 VA per phase
Terminals:	E1, E2, E3
50 Hertz Sensing
Range 1:	100	Vac (85 to 132 Vac)
Range 2:	200	Vac (190 to 220 Vac)
Range 3:	400	Vac (380 to 440 Vac)
Range 4:	N/A
60 Hertz Sensing
Range 1:	120	Vac (85 to 132 Vac)
Range 2:	240	Vac (170 to 264 Vac)
Range 3:	480	Vac (340 to 528 Vac)
Range 4:	600	Vac (540 to 660 Vac)
Generator Current Sensing
Type:	1-phase (B-phase), 50/60 Hz
Style XX1:	1 Aac maximum continuous
Style XX5:	5 Aac maximum continuous
Burden:	<0.1 VA
Terminals:	CT1, CT2
Bus Voltage Sensing (Optional)
Type:	1-phase, 4 ranges
Burden:	<1 VA per phase
Terminals:	B1, B3
50 Hertz Sensing
Range 1:	100	Vac (85 to 132 Vac)
Range 2:	200	Vac (190 to 220 Vac)
Range 3:	400	Vac (380 to 440 Vac)
Range 4:	N/A
60 Hertz Sensing
Range 1:	120	Vac (85 to 132 Vac)
Range 2:	240	Vac (170 to 264 Vac)
Range 3:	480	Vac (340 to 528 Vac)
Range 4:	600	Vac (540 to 660 Vac)
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Accessory Input
Voltage Range:	–3 Vdc to +3 Vdc
Setpoint Range:	–30% to +30% shift
Burden:	1 kΩ
Terminals:	A, B
Communication Port
Interface:	Full duplex RS-232
Connection:	Rear panel DB-9 connector
Baud:	4800
Data Bits:	8
Parity:	None
Stop Bit:	1
Contact Input Circuits
Type:	Dry contacts
Interrogation Voltage:	13 Vdc (supplied by DECS-100)
Terminal Assignments for Standard Functions
Raise:	6U, 7
Lower:	6D, 7
Var/PF Enable:	52J, 52K
Parallel Control:	52L, 52M
Voltage Matching:	VM, VMC
Common Alarm Output
Type:	Form A
Rated Load:	7 Aac/Adc continuous
Make:	30 Aac/Adc, carry for 0.2 sec
Break:	7 Aac/0.1 Adc
Operating Voltage:	240 Vac/250 Vdc maximum
Terminals:	AL1, AL2
Field Output
Continuous Rating:	63 Vdc, 7 Adc
Field Resistance:	9 Ω minimum
Terminals:	F+, F–
10 Second Forcing Rating
200 Vac Power Input:	135 Vdc, 15 Adc
110 Vac Power Input:	90 Vdc, 10 Adc (9Ω field)
	75 Vdc, 15 Adc (5Ω field)
AVR Operating Mode
Adjustment Range:	See Generator Voltage Sensing
Voltage Regulation:	±0.25% over load range at rated power factor and constant generator
	frequency.
	±0.5% with 3-phase sensing and shunt power at 40% THD of the voltage
	waveform (due to a six SCR load).
Temperature Drift:	±0.5% for a 40°C change
V/Hz Characteristic:	Slope from 0 to 3PU is adjustable in 0.01PU increments. Transition
	(Corner) frequency is adjustable from 40 to 65 Hz. See Figure 1-2 for the
	V/Hz curves.
Response Time:	Within 1 cycle

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	Figure 1-2. Typical V/Hz Curves
FCR (Manual) Operating Mode
Adjustment Range:	0 to 7 Adc
Increment:	0.01 Adc
Var Operating Mode (Optional)
Adjustment Range:	–100 to 100%
Increment:	0.1%
PF Operating Mode (Optional)
Adjustment Range:	0.6 lag to 0.6 lead
Increment:	0.001
Parallel Compensation
Modes:	Reactive Droop and Reactive Differential (cross-current)
Droop Adjust Range:	0 to 10%
Increment:	1%
Burden can exceed 1 VA if external resistors are added to the CT circuit.
Field Overvoltage Protection
Pickup Range:	0 to 250 Vdc
Time Delay:	10 s (fixed)
Generator Overvoltage Protection
Pickup
Range:	100 to 120% of system voltage setting
Increment:	1.0%
Alarm Time Delay
Range:	0 to 10 s
Increment:	1 s
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Overexcitation Limiter
Pickup
Range:	0 to 15 Adc
Increment:	0.001 Adc
Alarm Time Delay
Range:	0 to 10 s
Increment:	1 s
Underexcitation Limiter
Pickup
Range:	0 to 100% of rated vars
Increment:	1%
Alarm Time Delay
Range:	0 to 10 s
Increment:	1 s
Soft Start Function (AVR Mode Only)
Time Adjust Range:	1 to 7,200 s
Increment:	1 s
Voltage Matching
Accuracy:	Generator rms voltage is matched with the bus rms voltage to within
	±0.5% of the generator voltage.
Time Adjustment
Range:	1 to 300 s
Increment:	0.01 s
Metering (BESTCOMS™)
Generator Voltage
Range:	10 V to 79 kV
Accuracy:	±0.5% (at 25°C)
Generator Current
Range:	0.04 to 3,000 Aac for 1 A CT (Not to exceed nominal CT rating)
	0.2 to 15,000 Aac for5 A CT (Not to exceed nominal CT rating)
Accuracy:	±0.5% (at 25°C)
Frequency
Range:	40 to 65 Hz
Accuracy:	±0.2 Hz (at 25°C)
Field Voltage
Range:	0 to 200 Vdc
Accuracy:	±5.0% (at 25°C)
Field Current
Range:	0 to 20 A
Accuracy:	±0.5% (at 25°C)
Bus Voltage
Range:	10 V to 79 kV
Accuracy:	±0.5% (at 25°C)
Auxiliary DC Input
Range:	–3 V to +3 V
Accuracy:	±0.5% (at 25°C)
9287500991 Rev M	DECS-100 General Information	1-5

Power (Apparent, Real, and Reactive)

Range:	0 to 99 MVA, MW, Mvar
Accuracy:	±3.0% (at 25°C)
Power Factor
Range:	–1.0 to –0.6, +0.6 to +1.0
Accuracy:	±0.02 at rated current (25°C), CT input ≥10% nominal rating
Phase Angle
Range:	0 to 360 degrees
Accuracy:	±2.0 degrees (at 25°C), CT input ≥10% nominal rating
Environment
Operating Temperature
DECS-100:	–40 to 70°C (–40 to 158°F)
Storage Temperature
DECS-100:	–40 to 85°C (–40 to 185°F)
CD-ROM:	0 to 50°C (32 to 122°F)
Type Tests
Shock:	Withstands 20 G in three perpendicular planes
Vibration:	Withstands 1.2 G at 5 to 26 Hz
	Withstands 0.914 mm (0.036 in) double amplitude at 27 to 52 Hz
	Withstands 5 G at 53 to 500 Hz
Salt Fog:	Qualified per MIL-STD-810E
Physical
Weight
Unit:	1.10 kg (2.42 lb)
Shipping:	1.31 kg (2.88 lb)
Shipping Carton Dimensions (W x H x D)
Single Unit:	299 x 79 x 146 mm (11.75 x 3.125 x 5.75 in)
48 Units:	841 x 653 x 352 mm (33.13 x 25.69 x 13.88 in)

Maritime Recognition

Recognized per standard IACS UR (sections E10 and E22) by the following:

•Bureau Veritas (BV) – BV Rules Pt. C, Ch. 3

•Det Norske Veritas (DNV) – No. 2.4

•Germanischer Lloyd (GL) – VI-7-2

IEC 60092-504 is the base standard for IACS UR section E10. IACS UR is the base standard for the BV, DNV, and GL rules listed above.

Additional conditions must be met in order to comply with maritime agency standards, see Section 4, Installation for further instructions.

EAC Mark (Eurasian Conformity)

•TP TC 004/2011

•TP TC 020/2011

UL Recognized Component

The DECS-100 is recognized to applicable Canadian and US safety standards and requirements by UL. Standards used for evaluation: UL6200

CE Compliance

LVD 2006/95/EC

BS EN 50178 – Electronic Equipment for use in Power Installations

EMC 2004/108/IEC

IEC 61000-6-2 – Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Immunity for Industrial Environments

IEC 61000-6-4 – Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Emissions Standard for Industrial Environments

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SECTION 2 • HUMAN-MACHINE INTERFACE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION 2 • HUMAN-MACHINE INTERFACE .......................................................................................	2-1
INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................................	2-1
FRONT PANEL INDICATORS...............................................................................................................	2-1
Overexcitation Shutdown ...................................................................................................................	2-1
Generator Overvoltage.......................................................................................................................	2-1
Loss of Generator Sensing.................................................................................................................	2-1
Overexcitation Limiting .......................................................................................................................	2-2
Underexcitation Limiting .....................................................................................................................	2-2
Var/P.F. Mode Active .........................................................................................................................	2-2
Manual Mode Active...........................................................................................................................	2-2
Underfrequency Active .......................................................................................................................	2-2
COMMUNICATION PORT.....................................................................................................................	2-2
Figures
Figure 2-1. DECS-100 Front Panel Indicators...........................................................................................	2-1
Figure 2-2. DECS-100 Communication Port Location...............................................................................	2-2

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SECTION 2 • HUMAN-MACHINE INTERFACE

INTRODUCTION

The DECS-100 human-machine interface (HMI) consists of front panel indicators and a rear-panel communication port.

FRONT PANEL INDICATORS

DECS-100 front panel indicators consist of eight red LEDs. The indicators are shown in Figure 2-1 and described in the following paragraphs.

Figure 2-1. DECS-100 Front Panel Indicators

Overexcitation Shutdown

This LED lights when the Overexcitation Protection feature is enabled and the field voltage exceeds the adjustable setpoint for 10 seconds. The DECS-100 will shutdown when an overexcitation condition is detected. The Overexcitation Shutdown LED will light for 5 seconds when the DECS-100 is powered up following an overexcitation shutdown.

Generator Overvoltage

This LED lights when generator output voltage exceeds the adjustable setpoint for 0.75 seconds. When a generator overvoltage condition exists, the DECS-100 output contacts close and the DECS-100 shuts down (if hardware shutdown is enabled). The Generator Overvoltage LED will light for 5 seconds when the DECS-100 is powered up following a generator overvoltage shutdown.

Loss of Generator Sensing

This LED lights when a loss of generator sensing voltage is detected. When a loss of sensing condition occurs, the DECS-100 output contacts close. Depending on the protective action selected, the DECS-100 will either shutdown or transfer to Manual mode. The Loss of Generator Sensing LED will flash for 5 seconds when the DECS-100 is powered up following a loss of generator sensing shutdown.

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2-1

Overexcitation Limiting

This LED lights when the field current exceeds the programmed overexcitation limit. It stays lit until the overexcitation condition ceases or the overexcitation time delay expires and the DECS-100 shuts down. The Overexcitation Limiting LED will flash for 5 seconds when the DECS-100 is powered up following an overexcitation limiting shutdown.

Underexcitation Limiting

This LED lights when the sensed, reactive power (leading vars) decreases below the programmed underexcitation limit. It stays lit until the underexcitation condition ceases or the underexcitation time delay expires and the DECS-100 shuts down. The Underexcitation Limiting LED will flash for 5 seconds when the DECS-100 is powered up following an underexcitation limiting shutdown.

Var/P.F. Mode Active

This LED lights to indicate that the DECS-100 is operating in the optional Var or Power Factor mode of control. Var/Power Factor control is enabled through BESTCOMS™ software and when the 52J/K contact input is open.

Manual Mode Active

This LED lights when the DECS-100 is operating in Manual mode. Manual mode is enabled through BESTCOMS software.

Underfrequency Active

This LED lights when the generator frequency decreases below the underfrequency setpoint and the DECS-100 is regulating on the selected volts per hertz curve.

COMMUNICATION PORT

The communication port is located on the rear panel and consists of a female, RS-232 (DB-9) connector. The communication port serves as an interface for programming (setup) of the DECS-100. Figure 2-2 illustrates the location of the communication port.

Programming requires a standard, nine-pin, serial communication cable connected between the DECS-100 and an IBM-compatible PC operating with BESTCOMS software. BESTCOMS software is a Microsoft Windows®-based communication software package that is supplied with the DECS-100. A detailed description of BESTCOMS is provided in Section 5, BESTCOMS Software.

WARNING!

Lethal voltage is present at the rear panel when the unit is energized. Rear panel connections should be made only when the unit is de-energized.

Figure 2-2. DECS-100

Communication Port Location

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DECS-100 Human-Machine Interface

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SECTION 3 • FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION 3 • FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION ...........................................................................................	3-1
INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................................	3-1
DECS-100 FUNCTION BLOCKS...........................................................................................................	3-1
Analog Input Circuits ..........................................................................................................................	3-1
Bus Voltage.....................................................................................................................................	3-1
Generator Voltage ..........................................................................................................................	3-1
B-Phase Line Current .....................................................................................................................	3-2
Accessory Input (Auxiliary Adjust) ..................................................................................................	3-2
Field Voltage...................................................................................................................................	3-2
Field Current ...................................................................................................................................	3-2
Contact Input Circuits .........................................................................................................................	3-2
Raise...............................................................................................................................................	3-2
Lower ..............................................................................................................................................	3-2
Var/Power Factor Control (52J/K) Option.......................................................................................	3-2
Parallel Generator Compensation (52L/M).....................................................................................	3-2
Voltage Matching Control Option....................................................................................................	3-3
RS-232 Communication Port..............................................................................................................	3-3
Microprocessor...................................................................................................................................	3-3
Power Input Stage..............................................................................................................................	3-3
Power Supply .....................................................................................................................................	3-3
Power Amplifier Stage........................................................................................................................	3-3
Front Panel Indicators ........................................................................................................................	3-3
Relay Output.......................................................................................................................................	3-3
DECS-100 OPERATING FEATURES ...................................................................................................	3-3
Operating Modes................................................................................................................................	3-3
Automatic Voltage Regulation Mode ..............................................................................................	3-3
Manual Mode ..................................................................................................................................	3-4
Var Control Mode (Optional)...........................................................................................................	3-4
Power Factor Control Mode (Optional)...........................................................................................	3-4
Reactive Droop Compensation ..........................................................................................................	3-4
Underfrequency..................................................................................................................................	3-4
Protection ...........................................................................................................................................	3-4
Generator Overvoltage ...................................................................................................................	3-5
Loss of Sensing Voltage .................................................................................................................	3-5
Field Overvoltage (Overexcitation Shutdown) ................................................................................	3-5
Limiters ...............................................................................................................................................	3-6
Overexcitation Limiting ...................................................................................................................	3-6
Underexcitation Limiting .................................................................................................................	3-6
Soft Start.............................................................................................................................................	3-7
Voltage Matching (Optional)...............................................................................................................	3-7
Figures
Figure 3-1. Simplified DECS-100 Block Diagram......................................................................................	3-1
Figure 3-2. Time Characteristic Curve for Takeover OEL.........................................................................	3-6

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DECS-100 Functional Description

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SECTION 3 • FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

INTRODUCTION

This section describes how the DECS-100 functions and explains its operating features. To ease understanding, DECS-100 functions are illustrated in the block diagram of Figure 3-1. A detailed description of each function block is provided in the paragraphs under the heading of DECS-100 Function Blocks.

DECS-100 operating features include four operating modes, four protective functions, startup provisions, reactive droop compensation, underfrequency compensation, and optional voltage matching. A detailed description of each operating feature is provided in the paragraphs under the heading of DECS-100 Operating Features.

Figure 3-1. Simplified DECS-100 Block Diagram

DECS-100 FUNCTION BLOCKS

The following paragraphs describe each of the function blocks illustrated in Figure 3-1. The function of each block is explained along with the operation of all function block inputs and outputs.

Analog Input Circuits

Seven analog voltages and current may be sensed and applied to the DECS-100.

Bus Voltage

C-phase and A-phase bus voltages are monitored at terminals B3 and B1 on units that include voltage matching. Nominal voltages of up to 600 Vac may be sensed at these terminals. Voltage monitored at this input is scaled and conditioned before being applied to the input of the analog-to-digital converter (ADC). This bus voltage signal applied to the ADC is used to calculate the rms value of the bus voltage across phases C and A (Bus VC-A).

Generator Voltage

Generator voltage is monitored at terminals E1 (A-phase), E2 (B-phase), and E3 (C-phase). Nominal voltages of up to 600 Vac may be sensed at these terminals. Voltage applied to these inputs is scaled

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and conditioned before being applied to the input of the ADC. The voltage signal from phase C and A (VC-A) of the generator is used by the ADC to calculate the rms value of generator voltage across phases C and A. Likewise, the voltage signal from phase C and B (VC-B) of the generator is used by the ADC to calculate the rms value of generator voltage across phases C and B. The rms value of generator phase B to phase A voltage (VB-A) is calculated by the microprocessor from the phase C to phase A signal (VC-A)and the phase C to phase B (VC-B) signal.

Additionally, the generator phase C to phase A (VC-A) signal is applied to a filtered, zero-cross detector circuit. This signal is applied to the microprocessor and is used to calculate generator frequency.

B-Phase Line Current

The phase B line current (IB) signal is developed through a customer supplied current transformer (CT) and monitored through terminals CT1 and CT2. Depending on the option selected, current up to 1 ampere (style number xx1) or 5 amperes (style number xx5) rms may be monitored at these terminals. The current monitored at these terminals is scaled and conditioned by an internal current transformer and active circuitry for use by the ADC. The signal applied to the ADC is used to calculate the rms value of phase B line current.

Additionally, the phase angle between phase B line current and phase C to phase A generator voltage is calculated for use during droop and var/power factor operation.

Accessory Input (Auxiliary Adjust)

This input allows adjustment of the DECS-100 regulation setpoint by the application of a positive or negative dc voltage across terminals A and B. Positive voltage applied to terminal A with respect to terminal B will cause the active mode setpoint to increase. Voltage from –3 to +3 Vdc may be applied to this input. The circuit induces a 1,000-ohm burden on the dc source. The Application of a ±3 Vdc signal corresponds to a ±30 percent change in setpoint.

Field Voltage

Voltage (VFIELD) across the regulator field output terminals, F+ and F–, is monitored, scaled, and conditioned before being applied to the ADC. This signal is used to calculate the dc value of field voltage for use in system protection.

Field Current

Current (IFIELD) through the main power output switch is converted to a proportional voltage level. This voltage signal is scaled and conditioned before being applied to the input of the ADC. The result is used to calculate the dc value of field current for use in the Manual mode of operation as well as protection of the system.

Contact Input Circuits

Five contact input circuits powered from an internal 13 Vdc power supply provide input control from usersupplied, isolated, dry-type contacts.

Raise

Closing a contact across terminals 6U and 7 causes the active operating setpoint to increase. This function is active as long as the contact is closed.

Lower

Closing a contact across terminals 6D and 7 causes the active operating setpoint to decrease. This function is active as long as the contact is closed.

Var/Power Factor Control (52J/K) Option

Closing a contact across terminals 52J and 52K disables var/power factor control. An open contact enables the DECS-100 to control the generator reactive power in either the var or the power factor mode. The contact has no effect when this function is not enabled in the software. For more information, see

Parallel Generator Compensation (52L/M) and Voltage Matching Control Option. Parallel Generator Compensation (52L/M)

Closing a contact across terminals 52L and 52M disables parallel operation. An open contact enables parallel operation and the DECS-100 operates in reactive droop compensation mode.

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DECS-100 Functional Description

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