Apple 6400 User Manual

Follow the instructions in this

chapter to set up your computer

and learn the basics.

Getting Started

The illustration on the facing page shows all the equipment you will need to set up your computer and begin using it. Place your equipment on a sturdy, flat surface near a grounded wall outlet. Before following the setup instructions in this chapter, you may want to read “Arranging Your Office” in Appendix A (in the section on health-related information) for tips on adjusting your work furniture so that you’re comfortable when using the co mputer.

If you used the setup poster: The poster included with your Macintosh Performa computer was designed to help you start using your computer as quickly as possible. This chapter contains more detailed information than the poster. If you have already set up your computer using the poster, you may want to turn to the section “What’s Next?” later in this chapter.

Pluggin g in the computer

Before you plug your Macintosh into a wall socket, carefully read all the setup instructions in this chapter. Then, before you connect anything to your Macintosh, follow the instructions in this section on how to plug it in. The plug grounds the computer and protects it from electrical damage while you are setting up.

When you are ready to begin, follow these steps:

1Place the computer where you want it—either on the floor or on a sturdy desk.

If your computer came with a modem, you may want to set your computer near a phone jack (if possible) so that you can connect your modem later.

2Make sure the voltage switch on the back of the computer is set for the kind of voltage

system you will be connecting to.

The voltage switch must be set correctly to avoid damaging your computer. If you don’t know the voltage used in the country you’re in, refer to the table “Voltages for Different Locations” later in this chapter.

Before you plug your computer in,

check to see that the voltage

switch on the back is

properly set. If you need

to change the setting, insert a small screwdriver here and slide the switch.

Set the switch to show “115” for

voltages in the 100–130V range.

Set the switch to show “230” for

voltages in the 200–270V range.

Chapter 1

Voltages for different locations

For any voltages between 100 and 130 in the chart below, set the voltage switch on the back of your computer to “115.” Set the switch to show “230” for a voltage between 200 and 270.

IMPORTANT

In some countries, you may have one of two voltages. If you’re not sure which of the two voltages you have, check with your electricity supply company before plugging in your computer.

Country Voltage

Japan 100 Algeria, Indonesia, Lebanon, Libya, Peru, S. Korea, Vietnam 100 or 220 Ecuador, Jamaica, Philippines, Taiwan 110 Bermuda, Canada, Puerto Rico, United States, Venezuela 120 Colombia, Mexico, Saudi Arabia 127 Brazil 127 or 220 Hong Kong 200 India, South Africa 220–250 Israel, Pakistan, Singapore 230 Australia, Kuwait, Malta, New Zealand, Northern Ireland,

Papua New Guinea, Oman, Qatar, United Kingdom 240 Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,

Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland 220–230

Bahrain, Chile, China (People’s Republic), Czechoslovakia, Egypt, Greenland, Hungary, Iceland, Iran, Jordan, Liechtenstein, Nepal, Paraguay, Poland, Romania, United Arab Emirates, Russia and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS),Yemen, Yugoslavia 220

Getting Started

3Plug the socket end of the computer’s power cord into the power cord socket on the

back of the computer.

4Plug the other end of the power cord into a three-hole grounded outlet or power strip.

Make sure at least one end of the power cord is within reach so that when you need to unplug the computer you can do so easily.

Standby power button

Chapter 1

Power cord socket Computer power cord

WARNING

This equipment is intended to be electrically grounded. Your

Power cord plug

Macintosh is equipped with a three-wire grounding plug—a plug that has a third (grounding) pin. This plug will fit only a grounded AC outlet. This is a safety feature. If you are unable to insert the plug into the outlet, contact a licensed electrician to replace the outlet with a properly grounded outlet. Do not defeat the purpose of the grounding plug!

If the computer starts up: If you hear a tone, the computer has started up and you need to turn it off before proceeding. Press the standby power button (®) located on the back of the computer to turn it off.

Installing an expansion card

If you purchased an expansion card (such as a special video card) for your Macintosh, install it now. See Chapter 9, “Installing Expansion Cards,” for instructions. If you don’t have an expansion card, continue with the next section, “Connecting a Monitor.”

Connectin g a monitor

You can connect many types of monitors to your Macintosh. To connect a monitor, refer to the instructions that came with it, in addition to the instructions here.

Connecting the monitor p o wer cord

Monitors have two cords to connect: a monitor power cord and a monitor video cable.

To connect the monitor power cord, follow these steps:

1Place the monitor where you’ll be using it.

Keep these considerations in mind:

m Allow a few inches for air circulation around the computer and monitor. m Position the monitor with the top of the screen at slightly below eye level

whe n you sit at the keyboard.

m Position the monitor to minimize glare and reflections on the screen from

overhead lights and windows.

m Consult “Arranging Your Office” in Appendix A for suggestions on

locating your computer equipment.

Getting Started

2Connect the monitor power cord to the monitor.

On some monitors, the cord is already attached.

3Plug in the monitor power cord.

Some monitor power cords are designed to plug into the back of your computer.

Some monitor power cords must be connected to a grounded electrical outlet, not to the computer. Check the information that came with the monitor.

Chapter 1

Monitor power socket Monitor power cord

Monitor power cord plug

Connecting the monitor video cable

After you plug in the monitor power cord, connect the monitor video cable to the co mputer’s monitor video port.

To connect the monitor video cable, follow these steps:

1Attach the monitor video cable to the monitor so that it appears as shown in the

illustration.

On some monitors, the cable is already attached.

2Attach the monitor video cable to the monitor video port on the back of the computer so

that it appears as shown in the illustration.

™

Monitor video port Monitor video cable

If your monitor has a microphone or speakers, you may need to connect additional cables. See the documentation that came with the monitor.

Getting Started

Connectin g the mouse and keyboard

1Plug the mouse cable into the recessed port on the back of the keyboard.

The plug and the port are marked with the ◊ icon (symbol). The positions of the port and icon on your keyboard may be different from those pictured.

By the way: A port marked with the ◊ icon is called an Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) port.

Plug the mouse cable into the recessed port on the keyboard. The flat part of the plug should be pointing down, as shown here.

Chapter 1

This cable plugs into the Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) port,

◊

marked with the

icon, on the back of the computer.

2Plug the keyboard cable into the ADB port marked with the

◊

icon on the back of

the computer.

ADB port

Some monitors also have a port to which you can connect the keyboard or mouse. See the information that came with the monitor.

Getting Started

3If you want to adjust the keyboard angle, lower the feet on the keyboard.

To adjust the keyboard angle, lower the feet until they snap into position.

Connectin g the mod em

A modem is hardware that may already be installed inside your computer. The modem enables your computer to send and receive faxes and telephone calls, to connect to the Internet, to access online services, and to communicate with other computer users. (You use the modem through the appropriate software already installed on your Performa. See your modem documentation for information on how to use the modem and software.) You can confirm whether you have an internal modem by seeing if you have an internal modem connector on the back of your computer, as shown in the next illustration. (Also, a standard telephone cord will have come with your computer.)

Chapter 1

If your computer came with an internal modem and you want to connect the modem now, follow the next illustration. If your computer came with an external m odem, connect it to the external modem port and follow the instructions in the modem manuals that came with your computer or with the modem.

IMPORTANT

When connecting a modem, make sure you connect the modem to an analog phone line—the kind used typically in homes. (A digital phone line could damage the modem.) If you’re connecting the modem at home, you probably have an analog phone line. Your modem manuals contain more information about using your modem.

Line splitter (purchased separately) To telephone

To internal modem External modem port

(This port is covered if an internal modem is installed. If it is covered, do not remove the cover or plug anything into the external modem port.)

Internal modem connector Phone cord

Phone jack in wall

You can use any standard phone cord to connect your internal modem connector to a phone jack. If you have only one phone jack, consider purchasing a line splitter at an electronics supply store. A line splitter enables you to plug your phone and your modem into the same jack at the same time. Keep in mind that when your phone and your modem share a single phone line, you will not be able to use both pieces of equipment at the same time, even if they are attached to separate phone jacks. While you use your modem, outside callers will get a busy signal and you cannot call out. When your phone is in use, you cannot use the modem. (By the way, you can keep your answering machine connected to your phone, even if your phone and modem share the same telephone line.)

IMPORTANT

During lightning storms, disconnect your modem by unplugging its

phone cord from the phone jack. This helps avoid accidental voltage overload.

Getting Started

Connecting other equipment

If you are new to the Macintosh, it’s a good idea to get some experience using your computer before you connect other equipment, such as a printer or scanner. To learn basic Macintosh skills, continue with the instructions in this cha p ter.

When you’re ready to connect other equipment to your Macintosh, see the instructions in Chapter 3.

Turning the computer on for the first time

To tu r n the computer on for the first time, follow these steps:

1Turn on your monitor.

Note: You may not see the monitor power come on until you turn on the computer in the next step. Also, larger monitors can take several seconds to turn on if you have extra DRAM installed in your computer.

See the information that came with your monitor for the location of the power switch. On newer Apple monitors, the power switch is located on the front of the unit.

By the way: Dep endi ng on the type of monitor you have, you may only need to turn it on once. Some monitors turn off automatically when you shut down the computer, and turn on automatically when you start up the computer. Other monitors have to be turn ed on separately each time you turn on the computer.

2Press the Power key (marked with a triangle) on your keyboard.

You hear a tone from the computer as it starts up.

Chapter 1

3 Follow the instructions on your screen.

You will see a “welcome screen” with a Launcher (shown below) that you use to choose what you want to do next.

m If you don’t know how to use a mouse, press the letter M on your keyboard

for an on-screen program that teaches you how to use the mouse.

m If you’re new to the Macintosh but familiar with how to use a mouse, click

the Tutorial button to go through the Performa Tutorial, a program that teaches you how to use your computer.

m If you want to learn more about the capabilities of your Macintosh (not

how you can use the Macintosh but more about what the Macintosh can do), click one of the other buttons on your screen.

Click one of these

buttons. (The buttons

on your screen may

be different.)

Click Exit when you’re finished exploring to go to the Macintosh desktop.

Note: If you see a blinking question mark or nothing at all, see the next section, “Problems Turning On Your Computer?”

Getting Started

4When you’re finished exploring the items on your screen, click Exit.

Your Launcher has more—and perhaps different—items in it

than are shown in

this illustration.

5Take Part 2 of the Tutorial or skip to the section “What’s Next?” later in this chapter.

Yo u’ ll see the Macintosh desktop as pictured below. (Note: Most computer screens have a slight black border around them.)

Hard disk icon

Macintosh desktop, after you exit the welcome screen

Click the Tutorial Part 2 button to continue learning the basics of your computer. (Your Launcher has more items in it than are shown in this illustration.)

Chapter 1

Problem s turnin g on your compu ter?

If the screen is dark, check these items to see if you can identify the problem:

m Is the computer plugged into a power source? If it is plugged into a

power strip, is the power strip turned on?

m Is the computer turned on? The power-on light on the front panel

should be on. If it isn’t, press the standby power button (marked with the symbol ®) on the back of the computer.

m Are the keyboard and mouse cables connected correctly? (Don’t

disconnect the keyboard or mouse cable while the computer is on. You could damage your equipment.)

m Is the monitor power cord plugged in? m Is the monitor turned on? (Check the power-on light on the front of

the monitor.)

m Is the monitor video cable—the one connected to the monitor video

port (™) on your computer—attached firmly to both the monitor and computer?

m Is the brightness control on the monitor adjusted correctly? (On most

monitors, the brightness control is marked with the symbol ¤.)

If you see a blinking question mark on the screen, turn to “Solutions to Common Problems With Your Computer” in Chapter 6.

Getting Started

What’s next?

Congratulations! You’ve finished setting up your computer. Now continue with one of the following steps:

m If you are new to the Macintosh, see the next section, “Learning the Basics

in the Performa Tutorials.”

m If you are an experienced Macintosh user, turn to Chapter 2, “Getting

Help,” to learn about Macintosh Guide. Or select Macintosh Guide from the Guide menu (h) in the upper-right corner of your screen and explore it yourself.

What you can’t find in this manual you can find in Macintosh Guide, your main source of information when working with your computer.

m If you want to connect other equipment, such as a printer, to your computer,

see Chapter 3, “Connecting Equipment and Expanding Your Computer.”

Chapter 1

m If you want to install application software on your computer, see

Chapter 4, “Using Programs and Backing Up Disks.” The chapter contains information on setting up your programs and managing memory. You’ll need this information to properly set up any programs specifically designed for computers with PowerPC microprocessors.

m If you want to turn off your computer, see “Turning the Computer Off ”

later in this ch apter.

IMPORTANT

If you need to turn off your computer at any point, please see “Turning the Computer Off ” later in this chapter. It is very important to use the correct procedure for shutting down your Macintosh before turning it off.

Before you begin working with your computer, be sure to read the important health and safety information in Appendix A.

Learning the basics in th e Performa tutorials

Read this section if you haven’t already gone through Mouse Skills or the Performa Tutorial that appeared on your screen when you first turned on your computer, or if you want to go on to Part 2 of the Performa Tutorial. These programs teach you the basic skills you’ll need to use your computer.

To st art th e Performa Tutorial, Tutorial Part 2, or Mouse Skills once you are past the introductory “welcome screens,” follow these steps:

1Slide your mouse along your mouse pad or desk.

Hold the mouse as shown, with the cable pointing away from you. Don’t press the mouse button (under your index finger). Notice that the arrow (8) on the screen moves in the same direction that you move the mouse.

Mouse button

If the arrow doesn’t move, make sure that the cables connecting the mouse and keyboard are secure and that your mouse is positioned as shown in the illustration.

Getting Started

2Move the mouse so that the arrow (

want to take.

) is over the picture of the particular tutorial you

If you don’t see the Performa Tutorial, Tutorial Part 2, or Mouse Skills pictures on your screen, put the arrow on the word “Learning” and click (press and release) the mouse button.

If you run out of room on your mouse pad or desk while moving the mouse, pick up the mouse and place it where there’s more room. (The ar row on the screen moves only when the mouse is in contact with the mouse pad or desk.)

3Click the mouse button on the picture of the tutorial you want to take.

A window appears welcoming you to the tutorial. You can set this book aside for now and follow the instructions on the screen. When you have completed both parts of the tutorial, return to this book.

Chapter 1

Reviewing th e basics

Use the following illustrations to review the elements on your screen with which you work on your computer.

Icons

Window

Menus

The strip across the top of the screen is called the menu bar. The symbols and words in it represent “menus” (lists) of commands. To open a menu, place the pointer on the symbol or word for the menu and press the mouse button.

Guide menu

To find an answer to a question,

look in the Guide (

) menu.

Application menu

You can have several applications open at once. To see which program is active or to switch from one program to another, use this menu (called the Application menu).

Getting Started

Icons

Icons are small pictures that represent disks, programs, documents, and folders. You can double-click any icon to open it and see what it contains.

This icon represents your computer’s internal hard disk.

Icons like this one represent application programs, which you use to create documents and do other work.

Icons like this one represent documents, which you can create and edit.

Icons like this represent folders. A folder contains other icons.

To throw away an item you no longer want, drag it to the Trash icon and choose Empty Trash from the Special menu.

Windows

Windows are boxes that display text, graphics, and icons. To change the shape or position of a window, or to close the window, use the elements shown here.

To bring a partially

covered window

to the front, click

anywhere in it.

Chapter 1

Close box

To close a window, click the close box.

Title bar

To move a window, drag it by the middle of the title bar (anywhere in the bar except the small box on each end).

Zoom box

To make the window bigger, click once here. Click again to return the window to its original size.

Scroll arrow

To bring hidden portions of a window’s contents into view, click one of the four scroll arrows.

Size box

To change the shape or size of a window, drag the size box.

Turning the computer off

To tu r n the computer off using the Power key on the keyboard, follow these instructions:

1If the computer is in sleep mode (the monitor is on but the screen is dark), press any key

except Caps Lock to wake it.

2Press and hold the Power key on the keyboard for about 2 seconds.

The following dialog box appears on the screen:

3Press the Return key on the keyboard (or click the Shut Down button in the dialog box).

You can also turn off your computer by choosing Shut Down from the Special menu. Detailed instructions follow.

Note: If you are still in the welcome screens (the introductory screens that appeared when you turned on your computer for the first time), use the Power key to turn off your computer, as described above.

1Move the tip of the arrow (8) to the Special menu at the top of the screen. 2With the tip of the arrow on the word “Special,” press and hold down the mouse button. 3While holding down the mouse button, move the arrow down the list of choices until the

words “Shut Down” are highlighted, then release the mouse button.

Getting Started

If you can’t shut down your computer

If a problem with the computer prevents you from using the Power key on the keyboard or choosing Shut Down—for example, if the computer “freezes” so that the pointer does not respond to the mouse—you can turn off the computer by pressing the standby power button (®) on the back of the co mputer.

IMPORTANT

button on the back of the computer to turn it off. Only use the standby power button when there is a problem that prevents the computer from being turned off with the Power key on the keyboard or the Shut Down command. To make sure your work is saved, use the Power key on the keyboard or the Shut Down command.

Turning the computer on

To tu r n on the computer after you’ve shut it down (using either the Power key on the keyboard or the Shut Down command):

Press the Power key (marked with a

Note: Your monitor may have to be turn ed on separately each time you turn on the computer. If you have trouble turning on your computer, see the section “Problems Turning On Your Computer?” earlier in this chapter.

You could lose unsaved work if you use the standby power

) on the keyboard.

Chapter 1

Where to find answers

When you have questions about using your Macintosh, there are several places where you can look for answers.

In the Guide menu

The Guide menu (marked with the hicon) is your main source of information about the Macintosh. To learn how to get different kinds of help from the Guide menu, see Chapter 2 in this book.

In this book

Macintosh Performa

User’s Manual

Use this book to help you set up your computer and learn about it, or to find solutions to problems with your equipment.

In other manuals

Some of the programs that already came installed on your computer have separate manuals. Most of these manuals came in the box with your computer. Some come online. (You can find them as clickable buttons in the Applications section of the Launcher, next to their application buttons.) For answers to questions about other equipment or about application programs you have purchased, see the manuals that came with the equipment or programs.

From the Read Me files in the Apple Extras folder

The Apple Extras folder (in your System Folder) on your hard disk contains SimpleText documents, called About Apple Extras with important information about some of the application programs included with your computer. Similar files called Read Me files can also be found inside application folders and in the Documents folder on your desktop.

From Apple’s customer support hotline

If you can’t find an answer in any of the materials provided, call the customer support hotline. The phone number for the hotline is in the service and support information that came with your computer.

Note:

If you have problems with an application program not published by Apple, call the program’s publisher. Click the Phone Numbers button in the Service/Support area of the Launcher to get a software publisher’s phone number.

Getting Started

Use the instructions in this

chapter to learn about the help

available to you in the Guide menu.

Getting Help

The Guide menu is your main source of information when you’re working with your computer. The menu is identified by a question mark (h) in the upper-right corner of the screen.

Getting answers to your questions

When you have a question while working with your computer, you can get the answer by choosing Macintosh Guide from the Guide menu.

1Pull down the Application menu (in the upper-right corner of the screen) and choose

Finder to make it the active application program.

A checkmark in the menu indicates that the Finder is the active program.

2Pull down the Guide menu (marked with the

icon) and choose Macintosh Guide.

The Macintosh Guide window appears.

Whenever you use Macintosh Guide, its window remains in front of other windows. If the window gets in your way, you can move it by dragging its title ba r (the gray bar across the top of the window).

Chapter 2

3Notice the three buttons at the top of the window: Topics, Index, and Look For.

Macintosh Guide gives you three ways of finding information:

Topics

lets you choose from a list of general subjects; it is like the table of

contents in a book.

Index

lets you choose from an alphabetical list of more specific subjects; it

is like the index in a book.

Look For

lets you search for information related to a specific word or phrase

that you type. In the following sections you will practice using each method. If you have problems while using Macintosh Guide, see “Tips for Using

Macintosh Guide” later in this chapter.

Getting answers with the Topics button

1 In the Macintosh Guide window, click the Topics button.

A list of general topics appears on the left side of the Macintosh Guide window. (Depending on the hardware and software you have, the list of topics may look different.)

Getting Help

2 In the list of topics, click “Customizing Your Computer.”

When you click any topic area, a list of related questions appears on the right side of the Macintosh Guide window.

To get instructions, click a question…

…and then click OK.

3Click the question “How do I set the time and date?” and then click OK. Or double-click

the question.

A small window appears with instructions for you to follow.

If you want to

return to the main

Macintosh Guide

window, click

this button.

4 Read and follow the instructions in this window.

5When you have completed all the steps, click the Topics button in the lower-left corner to

Chapter 2

Click here to see the next step (if there is one).

Macintosh Guide provides step-by-step instructions to answer the question you selected. When you have completed each step, click the right arrow in the lower-right corner to see the next step.

return to the main Macintosh Guide window.

Now continue with the next section.

Getting answers with the Index button

1 In the Macintosh Guide window, click the Index button.

An alphabetical list of subjects appears on the left side of the window.

Slider

Scroll bar

2Scroll through the alphabetical list until the phrase “background pattern” is visible.

You can scroll through the list either by dragging the slider to the letter B or by using the scroll bar at the right of the list.

3Click the phrase “background pattern” in the alphabetical list.

When you click any index entry, a list of related questions appears on the right side of the Macintosh Guide window.

To get instructions, click a question…

…and then click OK.

Getting Help

4Click the question “How do I change the background pattern?” and then click OK.

If you want to

return to the main

Macintosh Guide

window, click

this button.

5 Read and follow the instructions in the window.

6When you have completed all the steps, click the Topics button in the lower-left corner to

Or double-click the question.

A small window appears with instructions for you to follow.

Click here to see the next step (if there is one).

Macintosh Guide provides step-by-step instructions to answer the question you selected. When you have completed each step, click the right arrow in the lower-right corner to see the next step.

return to the main Macintosh Guide window.

Now continue with the next section.

Chapter 2

1 In the Macintosh Guide window, click the Look For button.

To activate the text

box, click here.

Type a word or phrase

in the text box…

…and then click here.

2Click the arrow button to activate the text box. 3Type “sound” in the text box and then click Search.

Getting answers with the Look For button

A small box appears on the left side of the window, where you can type text.

When you click Search, a list of questions related to the word or phrase you typed appears on the right side of the Macintosh Guide window.

To get instructions, click a question…

…and then click OK.

Getting Help

4Click the question “How do I change the alert (beep) sound?” and then click OK. Or

If you want to close

Macintosh Guide,

click here.

5 Read and follow the instructions in the window.

6When you have completed all the steps, click the close box in the upper-left corner to

double-click the question.

A small window appears with instructions for you to follow.

Click here to see the next step (if there is one).

Macintosh Guide provides step-by-step instructions to answer the question you selected. When you have completed each step, click the right arrow in the lower-right corner to display the next step.

close Macintosh Guide.

Chapter 2

Tips for using Macintosh Guide

Here are a few tips for using Macintosh Guide effectively: m Macintosh Guide is available only when you are in the Finder—the

desktop area where you can see the icons of disks, folders, and files. (Other programs may also have help available in the Guide menu, however.) If you don’t see Macintosh Guide in the Guide menu, pull down the Application menu (to the right of the Guide menu) and choose Finder.

m Foll o w the steps when you’re instructed to; don’t skip ahead or read

ahead. That way the computer can check to make sure you’ve done a step correctly.

m Unlike most windows, the Macintosh Guide window stays in front of

other windows on the screen so that your instructions are never covered. If you need to move the Guide window out of the way, drag it by the title bar at the top of the window.

You can also move the window out of the way by clicking the zoom box. Click the box once to shrink the window; click it a second time to expand the window to its original size.

m If you need more information about an instruction or a term, click the

button labeled “Huh?” to get a further explanation. (The “Huh?” button is dimmed when no additional information is available.)

m If you want to return to the main Macintosh Guide window, click the

Topics button in the lower-left corner of the Guide window.

m When you’re finished using Macintosh Guide, click the close box in

the upper-left corner of the window.

Close box

Topics button

Title bar

Zoom box

Right arrow

“Huh?” button

Getting Help

Identifying what’s on your computer screen

Sometimes you’ll see an unfamiliar item on the screen and ask yourself, “What’s that?” You can get an answer by using a Macintosh feature known as Balloon Help.

Using balloons like those you see in comic strips, Balloon Help explains the function of icons, menus, commands, and other items on the Macintosh screen.

Follow these steps to use Balloon Help:

1Pull down the Guide menu (marked with the

2Point to any object on the screen that you want to identify.

icon) and choose Show Balloons.

A balloon appears next to the object. In the following illustration, for example, pointing to the Trash displays a balloon that explains how to use the Trash to throw items away.

Although balloons appear next to items when you point to them, the way you work does not change; you can still select icons, choose commands, and so on.

3When you’re finished using Balloon Help, pull down the Guide menu again and choose

Hide Balloons.

Chapter 2

Learning useful shortcuts

You can perform many tasks in the Finder more quickly if you use keyboard or mouse shortcuts. For example, instead of clicking an icon and choosing Open from the File menu, you can simply double-click the icon to open it.

Foll o w these steps to learn keyboard a nd mouse shortcuts:

1Pull down the Guide menu (marked with the

2Click one of the category buttons.

If you want to

close the window,

click here.

icon) and choose Shortcuts.

The main Macintosh Shortcuts window appears.

Another window appears, describing shortcuts for that category.

Click the Topics

button to return to the

main Macintosh

Shortcuts window for

more categories.

Click here to see the next window (if there is one).

Getting Help

3 Read about the shortcuts available for the category you selected.

Click the right arrow in the lower-right corner of the window to display the next window (if there is one).

4When you finish reading about the shortcuts for your category, click the Topics button

in the lower-left corner to return to the main Macintosh Shortcuts window. Or click the close box in the upper-left corner to close the window.

Chapter 2

Con necti n g Equipment

Read this chapter for information

on expanding your computer system

with additional hardware.

and Expanding Your Computer

Read this chapter to learn how to connect your Macintosh to additional equipment, such as a printer, a scanner, or sound equipment. Specifically, this chap ter contains:

m A view of your computer at a glance, showing where on the back of your

computer you can connect equipment. (Consult the manuals that came with

the other equipment for complete instructions.)

m Information about your computer’s sound capabilities. m Information about connecting other specialized equipment, called

“SCSI” devices. For information on connecting equipment for even more specialized

purposes, such as connecting to a network or to a TV or video equipment, see Chapter 8.

WARNING

sure that your computer is plugged in (in order to ground the computer) and turned off. If you connect equipment with the computer turned on, you can damage your computer and your equipment.

Before you connect any equipment to your computer, make

Expansion bay

Behind the front panel

there is an expansion

bay for an optional

5.25-inch storage device (1.7 inches high).

CD-ROM drive Open/Close button

Monitor

CD-ROM drive (optional)

Floppy disk drive

Remote control sensor

Sound

control buttons

Use this button to

change the volume of

the computer’s sound.

Power-on light

A green light indicates

that the computer is on.

Internal hard disk drive

Ports and connectors on the back of your computer Standby power button

Monitor video port Apple Desktop Bus

(ADB) port keyboard or a trackball.

Headphone jack

Power key

Use this key to turn your computer on and off.

Keyboard Mouse

Turns your computer on or off when you can’t use the Power key on the keyboard or the Shut Down command.

™

Connects your monitor to your Macintosh.

Connects your Macintosh to an input device, such as a

Chapter 3

Printer port

External modem port

SCSI port

Sound input port

Sound output port

[

Connects your Macintosh to a printer, LocalTalk network, or GeoPort device.

Connects an external modem or GeoPort adapter to your

Note:

Macintosh. ( port is covered. Don’t remove the cover or connect anything to this port if you have an internal modem.)

Connects your Macintosh to SCSI equipment, such as external hard disk drives and scanners.

≈

Connects your Macintosh to another audio source, such as a microphone, compact disc, or audio cassette player.

Connects your Macintosh to sound output equipment, such as externally powered (amplified) speakers.

If your computer has an internal modem, this

Standby power button

Monitor video port

™

TV tuner card (optional)

Subwoofer balance control

Apple Desktop Bus

(ADB) port

Printer port

[

External modem port

SCSI port

Sound input port

≈

Sound output port

TV tuner card Connects your Macintosh to an external TV antenna or cable

Note:

(optional) TV service. (

have a card installed, may look different.)

Subwoofer balance control if external speakers (including a monitor with built-in speakers)

Adjusts subwoofer balance in relation to external speakers, are attached. (If external speakers are not attached, the

balance control does not affect the subwoofer volume.)

The TV tuner card on your computer, if you

Video input card (optional)

≤

Power socket

Monitor power socket

PCI card access covers (2)

Internal modem card

(optional)

Security lock port

Video input card Connects your Macintosh to a video camera, VCR, or other (optional) video input equipment.

PCI card access covers (2) Cover ports for optional 6.88-inch PCI (peripheral component

interconnect) slot expansion cards (such as a video-editing card).

Internal modem Covers port for optional communication card (such as an card (optional) internal modem card or Ethernet card). You may have a

modem card installed in this slot already.

Security lock port

Enables you to attach a security lock to your Macintosh. See your computer products retailer for security lock devices that work with your computer.

Connecting Equipment and Expanding Your Computer

Using your computer’s sound features

Your Macintosh can play and record stereo sound from a variety of sources. By connecting audio equipment to the sound input and output por ts on the computer, you can listen to or reproduce stereo sound. If it has an inter nal CD-ROM player, your computer can also play and record sound from audio compact discs (CDs). For information on using Macintosh system software to choose audio input and output options, record an alert sound, or play audio CDs, see the “Sound” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

About your computer’s sound ports an d fea tures

The sound input port is marked with an icon of a microphone (≈). T h e sound output port is marked with an icon of a speaker (-). Your computer’s builtin speaker functions as a subwoofer when external speakers (or a monitor with built-in speakers) are attached. For more information on the subwoofer, see the next section, “Using the Built-in Subwoofer.” For more information on the sound input and sound output ports, see the section “Connecting Audio Equipment.”

Chapter 3

Subwoofer balance control

Sound input port

Sound output port

Headphone jackInternal speaker (functions as a subwoofer when external speakers or a monitor with built-in speakers is attached)

Connecting Equipment and Expanding Your Computer

Using the built-in subwoofer

Your computer comes with a built-in speaker that produces full-range, monophonic sound. When you attach external speakers, this speaker changes mode and functions as a subwoofer, adding bass sound to augment the speakers’ stereo sound.

Follow these tips about your computer’s subwoofer: m You adjust your computer’s volume with the volume controls on the front

of the computer or with the Monitors & Sound control panel in the computer’s software. (For more information, see “Adjusting Volume and Sound” later in this section.) However, when you attach external speakers (or if your monitor has built-in speakers), you adjust the subwoofer volume independently of the speaker volume. You do this by adjusting the subwoofer balance control (Ï) on the back of the computer. (The subwoofer balance control affects the subwoofer volume only when external sp eakers are attached.)

m If your monitor has a headphone jack and you plug your headphones into

it, the subwoofer sound might continue to come from the computer rather than through the headphones. To avoid this, plug the headphones into the jack on the front of the computer. If you prefer to keep the headphones plugged into your monitor, manually lower the subwoofer volume by turning the subwoofer balance control (Ï) counterclockwise. Remember to tur n it back up again when you are finished using the headphones.

Adjusting volume and sound

There are several ways to adjust the volume on your computer: m Use the volume controls on the front of the computer (marked with the -

icon, above the power-on light).

m Use the volume controls on the front of your monitor if your monitor

comes with built-in speakers.

m Use the volume control slider in the AppleCD Audio Player if you are

playing an audio CD. T he AppleCD Audio Player can be found in the Apple (K) menu.

Chapter 3

m Use the volume control sliders in the Monitors & Sound control panel,

which i s in the Control Panels folder in the Apple (K) menu.

1 Click here to view sound controls.

2 Adjust the volume slider.

For more information about your computer’s sound, click here.

Note: Some monitors also place a “Monitor Sound” icon at the top of the Monitors & Sound control panel.

Tip: You may prefer to set the Sound Out Level slider in the Monitors & Sound control panel to the middle of the slider bar. This makes it easier for you to gauge the adjustments you make with other volume controls.

For more information about sound, see the “Sound” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in t he Guide (h) menu.

Listening wit h 3D Surround Sound

The 3D Surround Sound technology broadens the sound you hear if you attach external speakers or if your monitor has built-in speakers. 3D Surround Sound makes the speakers sound as if they are set wider apart, and you can hear many “points” of sound around you. (3D Surround Sound may not work through headphones. Click to remove the checkbox next to “Enabled” in the Monitors & Sound control panel to disable 3D Surround Sound.)

Connecting Equipment and Expanding Your Computer

Using a m oni tor with b uilt -in speakers

If you have a monitor with built-in speakers, you can adjust the amount of bass sound you hear coming from the computer’s subwoofer by adjusting the subwoofer balance control (Ï) on the back of your computer.

Connecting audio equipment

To play or record sound with your Macintosh, you can attach a microphone, amplifier, tape recorder, or a pair of speakers.

For instructions on connecting specific equipment, see the sections that follow:

m “Connecting the Apple PlainTalk Microphone” m “Connecting External Stereo Speakers” m “Connecting Headphones”

The computer’s sound input port (≈) accepts the 3.5-mm audio connectors below. The sound output port (-) (where you might connect external speakers) accepts only the stereo miniplug.

Chapter 3

Stereo miniplug

(plugs into sound input port

or sound output port)

Extended miniplug

(plugs into sound input port)

The stereo miniplug is found most often on stereo equipment (such as external sp eakers). The extended miniplug, which is slightly longer and is found on voice quality microphones (such as the Apple PlainTalk Microphone), works only in your computer’s sound input port (≈). (Even though it will fit into the sound output port, it won’t work there.) If your equipment has a different type of connector than those shown here, you can purchase an adapter at an electronics supply store.

Foll o w these ge neral instructions when connecting audio equipment to the Macintosh:

1Make sure that the audio equipment has a cable with a stereo miniplug connector.

If it does not, attach an adapter that has a stereo miniplug.

Stereo miniplug

2Place the audio equipment near the Macintosh. 3Shut down the Macintosh and turn off the audio equipment. 4Attach the cable to the audio equipment and to the appropriate sound port on the

Macintosh.

To record incoming sound on the computer, connect the audio equipment to the sound input por t (≈).

To record the sound produced by the computer or play that sound through external speakers, connect the audio equipment to the sound output port (-).

5 Turn on the computer and the audio equipment.

Yo u’re now ready to begin listening to and working with sound. You can adjust the volume using the sound control buttons on the front of the

computer or by using the Monitors & Sound control panel, which uses software inside your computer to adjust sound. See “Adjusting Volume and Sound” in the previous section, “Using Your Computer’s Sound Features.”

Connecting Equipment and Expanding Your Computer

Connecting the Apple PlainTalk microphone

Your computer has a sound input port (≈), which you can use to connect an Apple PlainTal k Microphone. The Apple PlainTalk Microphone is included with some computer models. If your computer did not include an Apple PlainTal k Microphone, you can purchase one at an Apple-authorized dealer. You cannot connect non-Apple microphones.

Note: The sound input port does not support the Apple Omni microphone (the round microphone shipped with some earlier models of Macintosh) or the attenuated RCA adapter provided with some models of Macintosh.

Apple PlainTalk Microphone

To connect and position the external microphone, follow the steps below. Note: If you want to record sound using a microphone built in to a monitor,

see the “Sound” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu. Then select the subtopic, “How do I record or remove a sound?”

1Shut down the Macintosh. 2Plug the microphone’s connector into the sound input port (≈) on the back of the

computer.

Chapter 3

3Place the microphone at the top center of the monitor, so that the microphone’s

Apple (K) icon is facing you.

If you can’t place it on top of the monitor, position the microphone according to these guidelines:

m The microphone should be between 1 and 3 feet away from you. m The microphone should be directly in front of you to minimize the

effect of background noises.

4 Turn on the computer.

Next, you need to make sure the Sound Input source in your computer is set to “External Microphone.”

5 Open the Monitors & Sound control panel in the Apple (

Sound icon.

Connecting Equipment and Expanding Your Computer

) menu and click the

6Click the Sound Input pop-up menu and select “External Microphone.”

1 Click here to view

sound controls.

2 Select External Microphone from the pop-up menu.

For more information about your computer’s sound, click here.

7Click the close box in the upper-left corner of the Monitors & Sound control panel to

close it. (The control panel does not have to remain open while you’re recording.)

Yo u’re now ready to begin using your microphone.

See the “Sound” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu, for instructions on recording.

Chapter 3

Connecting external ster eo s peakers

You can take advantage of your computer’s stereo sound output by attaching externally powered (amplified) speakers. When you attach external speakers, the speaker in your computer changes mode and functions as a subwoofer. The subwoofer produces bass sound to complement the stereo sound coming from the speakers.

Subwoofer (internal) Externally powered speakers

Connecting Equipment and Expanding Your Computer

1 Assemble the speakers and the cable you need.

You need a cable with a stereo miniplug at one end to connect one or both speakers to the computer.

Stereo miniplug

Some speakers require a dual-plug adapter. Others, like those shown in the next illustration, accept a single stereo miniplug and are joined by standard speaker wires. See the documentation that came with your speakers for more information.

2Turn off the Macintosh. 3Plug the stereo miniplug into the sound output port (-) on the Macintosh. 4Connect the speakers together with speaker wires, if necessary.

Chapter 3

Your finished connections should look something like this:

Subwoofer

balance control

Sound

output port

Externally

powered speakers

Audio In port

5 Turn on the computer.

Now you’re ready to hear full-range stereo sound coming from the speakers and bass sound coming from the computer’s inter nal subwoofer.

To adjust the overall volume, use the sound control buttons on the front of the computer or use the Monitors & Sound control panel, which uses software inside your computer to adjust volume. (For more information, see “Adjusting Volume and Sound” in the previous section, “Using Your Computer’s Sound Features.”)

To adjust th e subwoofer volume independently of the speaker volume, use the subwoofer balance control (Ï) on the back of the computer. (The subwoofer balance control works only when external speakers or a monitor with built-in speakers is attached.)

Subwoofer balance control

For more information about using speakers attached to your computer, see the “Sound” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

Connecting Equipment and Expanding Your Computer

Connecting headphones

You connect headphones to the headphone jack (f) on the front of the computer or to your monitor if it has a headphone jack.

If you use the headphone jack on your monitor: When you plug headphones into the headphone jack on your monitor (if your monitor has one), sound comes through your headphones but, depending on the type of monitor you have, it may also continue to come out of the subwoofer. To stop this, plug your headphones into the headphone jack (f) on the front of the computer, not the headphone jack on the monitor. However, if you prefer to plug the headphones into the monitor, silence the subwoofer by manually turning down the subwoofer balance control (Ï) on the back of the computer all the way. Also, when you’re finished using the headphones, remember to turn it back up.

Note: You may also want to disable 3D Surround Sound in the Monitors & Sound control panel if you are listening through headphones. 3D Surround Sound does not always work through headphones. To disable 3D Surround Sound, open the Monitors & Sound control panel in the Control Panels fol der in the Apple (K)menu and click the checkbox to remove the checkmark next to “Enabled.”

Adjust headphone

volume here.

Chapter 3

For more information about your computer’s sound, click here.

You may need to disable 3D Surround Sound when listening through headphones.

For more information on listening with headphones, see the “Sound” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h)menu.

Connecting external SCSI devices, such as a scanner or external hard disk

Your computer has a port for connecting devices that use the Small Computer System Interface (SCSI, pronounced “skuh-zee”). SCSI devices commonly used with the Maci n tosh i nclude hard disk drives, CD-ROM drives, scanners, tape or cartridge backup drives, and some printers. The SCSI port permits high-speed communication between the computer and the device. The SCSI icon appears to the left of the port on the computer’s back panel.

SCSI port

SCSI icon

You can connect SCSI devices to the SCSI port in a chain. The first device in the chain plugs into the SCSI port; the second device plugs into the first device, and so on. You can attach up to six external SCSI devices to the SCSI port. All SCSI devices connected to this chain must have their own unique ID number (no two devices can use the same ID number). If your computer came with a CD-ROM drive installed, this drive is also part of the SCSI chain and uses SCSI ID numb er 3. The computer itself (the main logic board inside it) uses SCSI ID numb er 7.

IMPORTANT

The material that follows—“Before You Connect a Device” and “Connecting a SCSI Device”—contains general instructions for attaching SCSI devices to your computer. Make sure you also follow the specific instructions that came with the SCSI device you are connecting to your Macintosh.

Connecting Equipment and Expanding Your Computer

Before you connect a device

Before you connect a SCSI device to your Macintosh, complete these tasks: m Make sure each SCSI device connected to your Macintosh has its own

unique ID number from 0 to 6. The computer itself (the main logic board inside it) has the ID number 7 and the internal CD-ROM drive has the ID number 3, making the ID numbers 0, 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6 available for additional SCSI devices. Make sure other SCSI devices you add to the chain do not use ID numbers 3 or 7. See the instructions that came with each SCSI device for information on checking and setting its SCSI ID number.

IMPORTANT

If you use two or more devices attached to the same SCSI interface with the same ID number, your equipment could malfunction and you could lose data as a result.

m Make sure you have the appropriate cable for attaching the SCSI device to

your Macintosh. If the device is the first or only one you’re connecting, use a SCSI system

cable to connect it to the computer’s SCSI port:

SCSI system cable

If the device is not the first one, use a SCSI peripheral interface cable to connect it to the last device in the chain:

SCSI peripheral interface cable

Chapter 3

IMPORTANT

The total length of the cables in a SCSI chain should not exceed 6 meters (20 feet). SCSI cables must have a 110-ohm impeda nce. For best results, use SCSI cables manufactured by Apple Computer.

m Make sure that the last (or only) device in the SCSI chain has a terminator.

Make sure that no other external SCSI device has a terminator. To ensure accurate transmission of information, a terminator must be at

each end of a SCSI chain. Your computer’s main logic board, which is the first device in the chain, has a built-in terminator.

Some externa l SCSI devices from manufacturers other than Apple have built-in terminators. (Check the information that came with the device.) If the device at the end of the SCSI chain does not have a built-in termi nator, you need to attach an external terminator.

SCSI terminator

If your SCSI device has a built-in terminator, use it as your last device in the chain or have your Apple-authorized service provider remove the extra builtin terminator. You can attach or remove external terminators yourself.

Connecting Equipment and Expanding Your Computer

Connecting a SCSI device

Be sure to read the previous section, “Before You Connect a Device,” before followin g the instructions in this one.

Use these general instructions in conjunction with the instructions that came with your SCSI device:

1Turn off your Macintosh. 2Make sure the SCSI device is switched off.

WARNING

Do not connect or disconnect any device while the device or your Macintosh is turned on. Doing so could damage the device, your computer, or both.

3 Use a SCSI cable to connect the device either to the computer’s SCSI port or to the last

SCSI device already in the chain.

IMPORTANT

Make sure that the last (or only) device in the SCSI chain has a terminator and that no other external SCSI device has a terminator. Otherwise, the computer may not be able to start up.

4Turn on all devices in your SCSI chain.

IMPORTANT

Always turn on any external SCSI devices connected to your Macintosh before turning on the computer itself. Otherwise, your computer won’t be able to recognize that the SCSI devices are connected to it and your computer may not be able to start up.

5 Install any necessary device drivers (software that makes a device work with your

computer).

Drivers, software needed for a SCSI device, usually come on a floppy disk with the device. (If no drivers come with the device, contact the device manufacturer.)

Note: If you experience problems after connecting a SCSI device, see the troubleshooting information in Chapter 6 for possible solutions.

Chapter 3

Expanding memory

For information on increasing your computer’s memory, see Appendix B, “Installing Additional Memory.”

Replacing or adding internal storage devices

Your Macintosh comes with three internal storage devices—a floppy disk drive, a CD-ROM (compact disc read-only memory) drive, and a hard disk drive (several capacities are available). If you want to replace any of these internal drives, see your Apple-authorized dealer.

Your computer also has an expansion bay—just behind the front panel, above the CD-ROM drive—for an additional, optional 5.25-inch storage device (1.7 inches high). Examples of storage devices include a second CD-ROM drive, a tape storage backup system, or a second internal hard disk. If you want to install another storage device inside your computer, see your Appleauthorized dealer.

Connecting Equipment and Expanding Your Computer

Read this chapter to learn how to work

with application programs and protect

the information on your disks.

Using Programs and Backing Up Disks

Your computer came with several application programs already installed. You open these programs by clicking their buttons in the Launcher. The Apple Extras folder on your hard disk also contains additional programs.

Backup copies of all preinstalled programs exist on the CD-ROM disc Macintosh Performa CD: Performa Software, whi ch is included in the box with your computer. If you ever need to restore one or more of the preinstalled programs, see the section “Copying Files From the Per forma Soft wa re CDROM Disc to Your Hard Disk” in Chapter 7. If you ever need to restore all of the prei nstalled programs, start at the beginning of that chapter.

Installing application programs

You may want to buy and install additional application programs. See the manuals you receive with these programs for instructions on installing and using them.

To use your programs most effectively, follow these guidelines: m Read the manuals you received with the program if you have problems

using it.

m Put only one copy of each program on your hard disk. Having more than

one copy can cause errors.

m Whenever you copy a program disk to your hard disk, be careful not to

copy a System Folder.

m If a program malfunctions consistently, try installing a fresh copy. If that

doesn’t help, find out from the software manufacturer whether your version of the program is compatible with your computer model and the system software you’re using.

Note: You may want to put your application programs in the Launcher. This way the y are easier to find than when they are stored in the Applications folder on your hard disk and they can be accessed by a simple click of a Launcher button. To put a program in the Launcher, drag the program’s icon (or its alias) into the Launcher window or onto the Applications category button in the Launcher. (If you need detailed instructions, see the “Tips & Features” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide [h] menu, and select “How do I use the Launcher?”)

Chapter 4

Installing program s from a floppy disk

In most cases, you install application programs on your internal hard disk from floppy disks. The following illustration shows how to insert a floppy disk into your computer’s floppy disk drive.

Insert the floppy disk, metal end first, into the floppy disk drive of your computer.

For instructions on how to eject floppy disks, see the “Disks” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

Installing programs from a CD-ROM disc

Sometimes you’ll install a n application program on your internal hard disk from a CD-ROM disc that contains the program. (For instructions on inserting and ejecting CD-ROM discs, see “Inserting a CD-ROM Disc” and “Ejecting a CD-ROM Disc” in Chapter 5.)

IMPORTANT

Never copy an entire CD-ROM disc to your hard disk. (Don’t drag the CD-ROM disc’s icon to your hard disk.) Wh en you open programs on some of the CD-ROM discs that came with your computer, you may get a message telling you to copy or install the program onto your hard disk. If you get this message, double-click the CD-ROM disc’s icon to open it, and then copy the CD-ROM disc’s program to your hard disk. Look for any “read me” or “information” files on the CD-ROM disc for instructions. Copying the CD-ROM disc itself will take up a lot of memory on your hard disk.

Using Programs and Backing Up Disks

Working with several programs at a time

You can open as many application programs and desk accessories as your computer’s memory allows.

All open programs are listed in the Application menu at the right end of the menu bar. You can find out which program is active and which other programs are open by pulling down the Application menu. The name of the active program (the one you’re using right now) has a checkmark next to it, and its icon appears in the menu bar.

The Finder icon Commands to hide or

display open windows

A checkmark

indicates the

active program.

Programs that are open

Switching program s

You can switch to another open program or desk accessory by choosing its name from the Application menu.

If a program’s icon is dimmed in the Application menu, that means its windows are hidden. You can still choose the program from the menu, however, to display the program’s windows.

You can also switch to another program by clicking in a window that belongs to an op en program, by double-clicking a program icon, or by double-clicking the icon of a document that was created with the program.

Hiding and showing windows on the desktop

You can hide all windows except those of the active program by opening the Application menu and choosing Hide Others.

The other programs remain open even though their windows are hidden. When you switch to another program, its windows become visible again.

If you want to see all the open windows, open the Application menu and choose Show All.

Chapter 4

Incre a sing memory available to run ap plications

A computer function called virtual memory allows you to open several applications and windows at the same time by creating extra random-access memory (RAM) on your computer’s hard disk. Virtual memory, however, can also result in slightly slower performance. See the “Memory” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu, for more information. Also see the document titled “About Virtual Memory” in the Documents folder on your desktop.

IMPORTANT

shouldn’t use virtual memory unless you need to keep several applications open at once, and you should turn it off when you no longer need it. (Virtual memory may keep some applications from running at their best speed.) You can turn virtual memory on or off by using the Memory control panel in the Control Panels folder in the Apple (K) menu.

Your computer comes with virtual memory turned off. You

Protecting the information on a disk

When you have a valuable paper document like a birth cer tificate, you probably make an extra copy of it for safekeeping. Similarly, you should make copies of the documents you create on your computer. T he extra copy is called a backup, and the process of making the copy is called backing up.

Once you have a backup, you’re protected from accidentally losing the information on your hard disk. In the unlikely event that something happens to your hard disk, you can easily get the information back.

Making backup copies of your documents

Follow these tips for making backup copies of the documents on your computer:

m Regularly make copies of the documents you create. m You can back up files stored on your hard disk by copying them to

floppy disks.

m You can back up an entire floppy disk by copying it to another floppy disk

of the sa m e capacity or larger, or by copying it to a hard disk.

Using Programs and Backing Up Disks

m If a file is too large to fit onto a single floppy disk, you need to use a

commercial backup program to copy the file onto multiple floppy disks.

m You can use a commercial backup program to copy new and changed files

from a hard disk to another hard disk, to a tape drive, or to a series of floppy disks.

m If your computer is on a network, you may be able to back up files by

copying them to a shared disk on the network.

Ahelpful tip: A good way to remember which documents you have stored where is to print a copy of the items you’ve stored in a folder. For instr uctions on printing the contents of a folder, see the “Printing” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in t he Guide (h) menu.

Restoring the information on your hard disk

Your computer’s hard disk comes with valuable information already stored on it, including system software and some application programs. If information on your hard disk becomes damaged or lost, you can restore it if you have a backup copy of the information. The Macintosh Performa CD: Perfor m a Soft wa re contains copies of all the system software and application programs that came with your computer. See Chapter 7, “Reinstalling Your Computer’s Software,” for instructions on using the Macintosh Performa CD: Perfor m a Soft wa re to reinstall software.

It is also helpful to keep a printed copy of the items in your System Folder. For instructions on printing the contents of a folder, see the “Printing” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

Chapter 4

Using app li cation pro grams designed for the PowerPC microprocessor

Your Macintosh is compatible with most application programs intended for use with Macintosh computers, but certain programs are designed especially for computers that have the PowerPC microprocessor. (These programs are sometimes called “native” applications.) These programs take best advantage of your computer’s speed.

Special me mory require ments

Some native applications may be slightly larger than other programs and may take up more memory. If you find that you are running out of memory when you use one of these programs, you can use space on your computer’s hard disk as additional memory, which is called virtual memory. For instructions on how to use virtual memory, see the “Memory” topic of Macintosh Guide, available i n the Guide (h) menu.

You can also add more memory to your computer, as described in Appendix B, “Installing Additional Memory.”

Using older Macintosh programs

If you experience problems using an older Macintosh program, it may be incompatible with your Macintosh. You may be able to use your older program if you turn off Modern Memory Manager. To do this, pull down the Apple (K) menu, open the Control Panels submenu, and select the Memory control panel. Then turn off Modern Memory Manager.

Using Programs and Backing Up Disks

Read this chapter for information about your computer’s built-in CD-ROM drive.

Using the Built-in CD-ROM Drive

This chapter provides information on the CD-ROM drive (also called a CD-ROM player). Refer to Appendix A, “Health, Safety, and Maintenance Tips,” for information on the proper handling of these discs.

With your internal CD-ROM (compact disc read-only memory) drive, you have access to large amounts of information. The CD-ROM drive can read the contents of CD-ROM discs, standard audio compact discs (CDs), and singlesession or multisession Photo CDs. However, you cannot use the drive to save information on CD-ROM discs. ROM stands for read-only memory, meaning that the drive cannot “write” information onto CD-ROM discs.

A wide selection of CD-ROM discs is available for entertainment, education, and business. A typical disc can hold over 650 megabytes (MB) of information—the equivalent of 270,000 pages of text, up to 8 hours of speech or music (depending on the sound quality), hundreds of high-resolution images, or any combination of text, sound, and graphics.

Inserting a CD-ROM disc

Follow these instructions to insert a CD-ROM disc into your CD-ROM drive. Then follow the instructions provided with your disc, as well as the instructions in this manual.

1 Start up your Macintosh computer, if it’s not already on. 2Press the Open/Close button to open the tray of the CD-ROM drive.

The tray opens.

3Place a CD-ROM disc in the tray, with the disc label facing up.

Make sure the disc is lying flat and centered in the tray. If you are using a small (8 cm) disc, make sure the disc is centered within the

inside ring on the tray.

Open/Close button

Chapter 5

4Push the tray in, or press the Open/Close button, to close the tray.

In a few moments, an icon for the CD-ROM disc appears on your screen.

Ejecting a CD-ROM disc

Foll o w these instructions to open the tray and eject a CD-ROM disc from your computer.

IMPORTANT

You may not be able to eject a disc if it is being shared. To tur n

off file sharing, use the Sharing Setup control panel.

1 Open the tray.

There are several ways to open the tray of your CD-ROM drive.

If a CD-ROM disc icon appears on your screen:

m Select the disc icon on your screen and drag the icon to the Trash.

(Note: You won’t lose information on the CD-ROM disc by dragging its icon to the Trash.)

IMPORTANT

Don’t select the disc icon and then choose Eject Disk from the Special menu. If you do this, the computer still remembers the CD-ROM disc in its memory and keeps asking you to reinsert it.

m Click the disc icon, then choose the Put Away command in the File menu. m While the AppleCD Audio Player window is active, choose Eject CD from

the File menu, or simultaneously press the x and E keys. (AppleCD Audio Player is a program that allows you to control your CD-ROM player and is available i n the Apple [K] menu.)

Using the Built-in CD-ROM Drive

If no CD-ROM disc icon appears on your screen:

m Press the Open/Close button for your CD-ROM drive.

2Take the CD-ROM disc out of the tray.

Store your disc in a safe place, away from heat, dust, and moisture.

3Push the tray in, or press the Open/Close button, to close the tray.

To avoid possible damage to the tray and the CD-ROM drive, keep the tray closed when you are not using it.

Using the CD-ROM discs that came with your computer

Some of the CD-ROM discs that came with your computer—and some CD-ROM discs in general—require you to copy one or several items from the disc to your hard disk before you can view them. Other discs let you view the CD-ROM disc’s contents directly from the CD-ROM disc itself. If you have a CD-ROM disc that requires you to copy some items to your hard disk, you’ll get a message telling you so when you try to open a program on the CD-ROM disc.

IMPORTANT

Never copy an entire CD-ROM disc to your hard disk. (Don’t drag the CD-ROM disc’s icon to your hard disk.) Copying the CD-ROM disc itself will take up too much memory on your hard disk. If you get a message telling you to copy or install items from the CD-ROM disc to your hard disk, doubleclick the CD icon to open it and copy those items—not the CD-ROM disc icon itself—to your hard disk. Look for any “read me” or “information” files on the CD-ROM disc for instructions.

Types of compact discs you can use

Not a ll CD-ROM discs store information in the same way. A disc stores and displays information according to a particular file format. Your computer’s system software must understand the file format in order to use the contents of the disc.

Chapter 5

Standard file formats

You can use CD-ROM discs with these standard file formats: m HFS (Hierarchical File System)—the standard format used by the

Macintosh.

m ISO 9660—the Inter national Standards Organization’s file format for

CD-ROM discs. This format has been adopted by many CD manufacturers to make their discs compatible with a variety of computers. It is also the format that allows you to use Photo CDs in your CD-ROM drive.

m The High Sierra format, a predecessor of the ISO 9660 format. m Photo CDs. m Audio CDs.

The software that lets you use discs with these file formats is already installed on your computer.

Other CD-ROM formats

Your CD-ROM drive also works with file formats other than the ones listed above (for example, CD-ROM XA) if you install the appropriate software on your Macintosh. To find out about the availability of Macintosh software for additional file formats, contact the publisher of a particular disc.

Audio CDs

Your CD-ROM drive can play audio CDs and audio tracks on CD-ROM discs using your computer’s built-in speaker. You can also attach headphones or speakers to your computer for stereo sound. For further information, see the “CD-ROM Discs” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

Photo CDs

With your CD-ROM drive, you can use QuickTime to open digitized images stored on Photo CDs.

For more information on Photo CDs, see the “CD-ROM Discs” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

Using the Built-in CD-ROM Drive

Playing audio CDs

With your CD-ROM drive and your computer’s built-in speaker, you can play audio compact discs (CDs) or audio tracks on CD-ROM discs. You can also attach headphones or speakers to the computer to listen to audio tracks. See Chapter 3 for information on connecting sound equipment to your computer.

To st art, stop, and otherwise control audio discs, use the AppleCD Audio Player program, available in the Apple (K) menu. Your audio CD software will only play tracks that contain audio information. With the AppleCD Audio Player program, you can listen to an audio CD or audio tracks while doing other work on your computer. For more information about playing audio CDs, see the “CD-ROM Discs” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

Working with Photo CDs

You can use your CD-ROM drive to open Photo CD images stored on Photo CDs. A Photo CD image is a digitized version of a standard photograph that you can open and view on your computer screen.

Chapter 5

You can do many things with the images on your Photo CDs:

m Open and view the images individually on your computer screen. m View the images on your computer screen in a series, as you would view

a slide presentation.

m Copy and save the images, print them, paste them into word-processing

documents or other documents that accept graphics, and edit them with a graphics application program.

Photo CD images are an excellent source of graphics for desktop publishing, multimedia presentations, business documents, and professional-quality graphic design. For more information on working with Photo CD images, see the “CD-ROM Discs” topic of Macintosh Guide, available i n the Guide (h) menu.

Obtaining Photo CDs

Your own photographs can be recorded as Photo CD images on a Photo CD. To obtain a Photo CD of your own photographs, take your standard 35-mm film to a photofinisher who has a Photo CD system. The photofinisher develops your film, digitizes the photographs, and gives you back a Photo CD containing your images. A single Photo CD can hold approximately one hundred images.

If your Photo CD isn’t full, you can take it back to the photofinisher and have more photos added until the disc is full. Such discs are called multisession discs because they contain images added after the first session. Your CD-ROM drive can read both single-session and multisession Photo CDs. (Other CD-ROM drives can read only single-session discs and are unable to read the additional images placed on a multisession disc.)

Using the Built-in CD-ROM Drive

Before viewing th e contents of a Photo CD

Normally, you open Photo CD images with the SimpleText program that came with your computer. If you wish, you can use a graphics or image-editing program instead of SimpleText. For instructions, see the “CD-ROM Discs” topic of Ma cintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu. If you use SimpleText to view high-resolution images, you should increase the amount of memory that SimpleText uses. For more information on memory, see the “Memory” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

A note about resolution

When a Photo CD image is created, it’s recorded at five different levels of resolution. The higher the resolution, the more information is recorded about the image, and the sharper the image appears when displayed or printed at larger sizes. However, high-resolution images take up a lot of memory—up to 18 MB of data for one photograph—which affects file size, as well as the amount of time it takes to display or print an image.

It’s best to work with a resolution appropriate for your monitor or printer. Some monitors and printers cannot display or print very highresolution images.

For most work, a resolution of 768 x 512 pixels or smaller is suitable. For detailed work or very high-quality reproductions, you may want to use a higher resolution.

Make sure to open high-resolution images with application programs designed to handle large image files. SimpleText cannot open very large files.

Sharing a CD-ROM disc over a network

You can share a CD-ROM disc using the file-sharing feature of System 7.5. If the disc has audio portions, you will be able to hear the audio yourself, but other people on the network will not. Likewise, you cannot hear the audio portions of discs you access over a network.

For further information about file sharing in System 7.5, see the “Sharing Files” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

Chapter 5

Consult this chapter if you experience

problems using your computer.

Troubleshooting

Whe n you have questions

If you want to know how to do a particular task with your computer, refer to Ma cintosh Guide in the Guide (h) menu. For instructions on using Macintosh Guide, see Chapter 2 of this manual.

If you have trouble

While you’re using your computer, you may occasionally see a bomb icon or an error message, or the pointer (8) may “freeze” on the screen. If you have trouble with your computer, take a few minutes to read the information in this chapter. If your problem is related to a particular procedure, you should also look for information on that procedure in Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu. For additional troubleshooting information and a list of common questions relating to your system software, see the “Troubleshooting” topic of Ma cintosh Guide.

If you are unable to access Macintosh Guide (for example, if your screen is “frozen”), refer to this chapter to see if you can resolve the problem.

WARNING

If you have a problem with your computer and nothing presented in this chapter solves it, consult the service and support information that came with your computer for instructions on how to contact an Apple-authorized service provider or Apple for assistance. If you attempt to repair the computer yourself, any damage you may cause to the computer will not be covered by the limited warranty on your computer. Contact an Apple-authorized dealer or service provider for additional information about this or any other warranty question.

Take your time

When you see an error message, you don’t have to take action immediately. The message stays on the screen until you click the OK (or Restart) button or turn off the Macintosh.

To help diagnose and correct the problem, follow the suggestions in this subsection. Gather as much information on the situation as you can. Then follow the instructions in the next subsection, “Start Over by Restarting Your Computer.”

m Make a note of exactly what you were doing when the problem occurred.

Write down the message on the screen. List the programs you were using and the names of any items you know have been added to the System Folder since the system software was installed. This information will help a service person diagnose the problem. (It is helpful to keep a printed copy of the items in your System Folder. For instr uctions on printing the contents of a folder, see the “Printing” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide [h] menu.)

m Check the screen for any clues. Is a menu selected? What programs and

document icons are open? Note anything else that seems relevant.

m If you were typing text and were not able to save it before the problem

occurred, you can write down the parts of the text still visible on the screen so that some of your work will be easy to replace.

m Ask other Macintosh users about the problem you’re having; they may have

a solution for it.

Chapter 6

If you need repair service, consult the service and support information that came with your computer for instructions on how to contact an Appleauthorized service provider or Apple for assistance.

If you know the problem is with a program not published by Apple, call the program’s publisher. Click the Phone Numbers button in the Service/Support area of the Launcher to get a software publisher’s phone number.

Start over by restarting your computer

Often you can eliminate a problem simply by clearing the computer’s memory and starting over.

If you can, save any open documents before restarting your Macintosh. If your system is frozen and does not respond to anything you do, or if you have a “bomb” message on the screen, saving may not be possible. You can try pressing x-Option-Esc to quit the program in use when the problem occurred; if this works, you can then save the documents open in other programs before restarting. Restart the computer immediately after you save your documents—quitting a program using x-Option-Esc may leave corrupted data in the computer’s memory. This corrupted data is erased when you restart the computer.

Note: Us e this key combination to force a program to quit only when you can’t choose Quit from the File menu.

To restart your Macintosh, try the following steps:

1If you can, choose Restart from the Special menu or from the dialog box that’s on screen.

Dialog boxes contain messages from the computer. If something goes wrong, a message may appear on the screen asking you to restart the computer.

2If you can’t choose Restart, press the Power key (marked with a 3If the Power key on the keyboard doesn’t work, hold down the

you press the Power key (π).

) on the keyboard.

and Control keys while

This key combination restarts the computer. (Use this key combination only when you can’t choose Restart from the Special menu or restart the computer using the Power key.)

Troubleshooting

4If your computer still doesn’t restart, to turn it off press the power button (

back of the computer, wait at least 10 seconds, and turn it on again.

) on the

If you suspect that the problem is with other equipment, such as a printer or an external hard disk that’s attached to your computer, turn that equipment off for 10 seconds or longer, then turn it on again and restart the Macintosh.

Rebuild your desktop

A process known as “rebuilding the desktop” helps your Macintosh keep track of data on your startup disks. (Although the hard disk in your computer is usually the startup disk, you can start up from any other disk that has system software installed.) It’s a good idea to rebuild your desktop once a month or so.

Rebuilding your desktop can solve a number of problems. For example, when application documents are no longer represented by application-specific icons (and are instead represented by generic icons on the desktop), rebuilding the desktop fixes the problem. Afterward, appropriate icons should appear for all documents.

Some extensions may interfere with rebuilding your desktop. To prevent problems, you’ll need to tur n off all extensions except Macintosh Easy Open before you rebuild your desktop. When you finish rebuilding the desktop, turn the extensions you normally use back on.

Chapter 6

To rebuild the desktop of a startup disk, follow these steps:

1 Open the Extensions Manager control panel by choosing Extensions Manager from the

Control Panels submenu of the Apple ( 2From the Sets pop-up menu, choose Save Set. 3 In the Save Set dialog box, type a name for your currently selected extensions (for

example, “My Extensions”) and click OK. The name of your set is added to the Sets

pop-up menu.

) menu.

This saves your current set of extensions.

4Choose All Off from the Sets pop-up menu to turn off all extensions. 5 Turn on Macintosh Easy Open by clicking it in the list so that a checkmark appears

beside it.

You can find Macintosh Easy Open by scrolling down the list of extensions. Macintosh Easy Open appears under the heading “Control Panels.”

6 Restart your computer while holding down the Command (

) and Option keys.

Hold down the x and Option keys until you see the dialog box that asks if you’re sure you want to rebuild your desktop file. When the dialog box appears, you can release the keys.

7Click OK.

The desktop is rebuilt.

IMPORTANT

Do not stop the desktop-rebuilding process. Doing so could

damage your system files.

8 Open the Extensions Manager control panel by choosing Control Panels from the

Apple (K) menu. When the Control Panels window appears, double-click the Extensions Manager icon.

9From the Sets pop-up menu, choose the name you gave your set of extensions in step 3.

This turns your original set of extensions back on.

10 Restart your computer to activate the extensions.

Troubleshooting

Solutions to common problems with your computer

This section contains descriptions of problems you could experience with

your computer. Some problems may be caused by your CD-ROM drive, so if

you don’t find your problem included here, be sure to check the section

“Solutions to CD-ROM Problems” later in this chapter.

The computer is turned on but the screen is dark.

One of the following is probably the cause:

m You have a screen saver program that darkens the screen when the

computer has not been used for a certain period of time. Press a key or move the mouse to turn off the screen saver.

m Your computer has gone to sleep due to inactivity. “Wake it up” by pressing

the power key (marked with a triangle) on the keyboard.

m The monitor’s brightness control (¸) is not adjusted properly.

Check the monitor’s brightness control and turn it up if necessary.

m The Macintosh or the monitor is not getting power.

Check that the computer’s power cord is firmly connected to the computer and plugged into a grounded electrical outlet, and that the outlet has power. Check that the monitor is plugged in and turn ed on, a nd that the monitor cable i s firmly c onnected to both the computer and the monitor.

Chapter 6

If you are displaying video from your computer on a television screen, it is

normal for your computer monitor to be dark.

The computer’s clock keeps time inaccurately.

Your computer has a clock that runs continuously. When the computer is

turned off, a battery keeps the clock running. If your clock begins to keep

time inaccurately, have your Apple-authorized service provider replace

the ba ttery.

WARNING

Do not attempt to replace the clock battery yourself. If the clock begins to lose accuracy, see your Apple-authorized dealer or service provider for a battery replacement.

You inadvertently delete a program from your computer’s hard disk.

m You can replace any of the software that came with your computer by

dragging it from the Macintosh Performa CD: Performa Software to your hard disk. See the section “Copying Files From the CD-ROM Disc to Your Hard Disk” in Chapter 7.

When you start up, a disk icon with a blinking question mark appears in the middle of the screen.

This icon indicates that your Macintosh cannot find the system software it needs to start up. One of the following is probably the cause:

m Your computer may be having a problem recognizing external SCSI (Small

Computer System Interface) equipment, such as hard disks, CD-ROM drives, and scanners that you may have connected to your computer.

Shut down your computer, turn off all external SCSI equipment, and disconnect the first SCSI device in the chain from your computer’s SCSI port. Th en restart the computer. If the computer starts up after you disconnect your SCSI equipment, refer both to the manuals that came with the equipment and Chapter 3 of this manual, which has information on the proper way to connect SCSI equipment and assign SCSI ID numbers.

If you have a printer connected to your computer’s SCSI port, make sure your printer is connected properly. Most printers connect to the printer port, not the SCSI port. Check the manuals that came with your printer for information on how to connect it properly.

m Syst em s of tware is not i nstalled on the startup hard disk, the system

software is damaged, or the hard disk is not working properly. Star t up your computer using the Macintosh Performa CD: Performa

Software. Do this by inserting the CD-ROM disc into the CD-ROM drive and holding down the C key while you restart the computer. (See the section “Starting Up From the Macintosh Performa CD: Performa Software” later in this chapter if you need more help.) Th en follow the instr uctions in “Repairing a Damaged Disk” later in this chapter to test your startup hard disk and repair any damage.

Troubleshooting

If repairing the disk doesn’t help, follow the instructions in Chapter 7, “Reinstalling Your Computer’s Software,” to reinstall system software on your startup hard disk.

A disk icon with an X appears in the middle of the screen and a floppy disk is ejected from the disk drive.

This icon indicates that the floppy disk you tried to start up from is not a startup disk. (When you turn on your computer, it looks first in the floppy disk drive for a disk containing system software. If the disk in the drive does not contain system software, the computer ejects the disk and looks on its internal hard disk for system software.)

Wait a few seconds. The computer should start up from its internal hard disk. Make sure you insert floppy disks only after the computer has begun starting up.

A “sad Macintosh” icon appears and the computer won’t start up.

This icon indicates that your Macintosh cannot start up because of a problem with the system software or the computer hardware.

Eject any floppy disks by turning off the computer and then holding down the mouse button while you turn the computer on again. Try starting up with the Macintosh Performa CD: Performa Software. Do this by inserting the CD-ROM disc into the CD-ROM drive and holding down the C key while you restart the co mputer. (See the section “Starting Up From the Macintosh Performa CD: Perfor m a Soft wa re ” later in this chapter if you need more help.) If the “sad Macintosh” icon appears again, consult the service and support information that came with your computer for information on contacting an Appleauthorized service provider or Apple for assistance.

Chapter 6

The hard disk icon does not appear on the desktop.

If you don’t see a hard disk icon on the desktop, try the following: m Use the Drive Setup program to make the disk available. Drive Setup is on

the Macintosh Performa CD: Performa Software th a t came with your computer. For instructions on using Drive Setup, follow the instructions in “Checking For Damage On Your Hard Disk” in the section “Repairing a Damaged Di sk” later in this chapter.

m If the hard disk is internal, shut down your computer, wait at least 10

seconds, and then turn it on again.

m If the hard disk is external, make sure that it is turned on and that its cable

is connected firmly; then restart the Macintosh.

m Check the ID numbers of all SCSI equipment (anything connected to the

SCSI port [g]) connected to your computer. Each SCSI device must have its own unique ID number. If your computer came with the optional CD-ROM drive installed, it has SCSI ID number 3. See the manuals that came with your SCSI equipment, in conjunction with Chapter 3 in this manual, for information on setting SCSI ID numbers.

m If the hard disk is your startup disk, start your computer with the Macintosh

Perfor m a CD : Perform a So f t ware. Do this by inserting the CD-ROM disc

into the CD-ROM drive and holding down the C key while you restart the computer. (See the section “Starting Up From the Macintosh Performa CD: Perfor m a Soft wa re ” later in this chapter if you need more help.) Then follow th e instruct ions in “Repairing a Damaged Disk” later in this chapter to test your startup hard disk and repair any damage.

If repairing the disk doesn’t help, follow the instructions in Chapter 7, “Reinstalling Your Computer’s Software,” to reinstall system software on your startup hard disk.

Icons do not appear correctly on your screen.

You need to rebuild the desktop—a process that helps your Macintosh keep track of files and folders on your hard disk. For instructions, see “Rebuild Your Desktop” in the section “If You Have Trouble” earlier in this chapter.

If icons do not appear correctly after you rebuild the desktop, try rebuilding a second time.

Troubleshooting

Your Macintosh can’t read a floppy disk.

If you see a message that a floppy disk is unreadable, try one of the following: m If the disk has never been used, you may simply need to initialize it—that

is, prepare it for use. For instructions, see the “Disks” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in t he Guide (h) menu.

m The disk may be damaged. See “Repairing a Damaged Disk” later in this

chapter for information on testing and repairing disks.

m The disk may have been formatted for use on another kind of computer.

You may be able to use a program that lets you work with such disks on your Macintosh.

If you are trying unsuccessfully to use a DOS floppy disk, consider the following:

m When formatting floppy disks on a DOS computer for use in a Macintosh,

you need to format standard double-sided disks as 720K disks and highdensity disks as 1440K disks. Double-sided disks formatted in 1440K format and high-density disks formatted in 720K format may not work in a Macintosh.

If you think your DOS floppy disk might have a format that doesn’t work in a Macintosh, use a DOS computer to copy the contents of the disk onto a properly formatted disk.

m Make sure the PC Exchange control panel is in the Control Panels folder

(in the Apple [K] menu) and that it is enabled. To enable PC Exchange, open the Extensions Manager control panel and click the PC Exchange item (under the Control Panels heading) to make a checkmark appear. Then restart your computer.

Chapter 6

Your computer starts up and you see large folder-shaped areas, containing labeled pictorial buttons, instead of the usual Macintosh desktop.

m Your computer may have started up from a CD-ROM disc containing

At Ease, an alternative to the Macintosh desktop. You n eed to have the Macintosh desktop on your screen before you can use any of the software installation instructions in this manual.

To return to the Macintosh desktop, choose Shut Down from the Special menu. When your computer is off, restart the computer, then press the Open/Close button of your CD-ROM drive to open the tray. Remove the CD-ROM disc. Close the tray. Then start up your computer again.

To avoid having the computer start up from a CD-ROM disc, rememb er to remove any disc in the drive before you shut down your computer.

You can’t eject a floppy disk.

If you can’t eject a floppy disk in the usual way, by selecting the disk’s icon and choosing Eject Disk from the Special menu or by dragging the disk’s icon to the trash, try the following in order:

m Hold down the x and Shift keys and press the number 1 key on your

keyboard to eject a disk in the internal disk drive.

m Tur n off the computer. If the disk isn’t ejected, then hold down the button

on your mouse or other pointing device while you turn the computer on again.

m Locate the small hole near the disk drive’s opening, and carefully insert the

end of a large straightened paper clip into it. Push gently until the disk is ejected. Do not use excessive force.

If none of these solutions works, take the computer or disk drive to your Apple-authorized service provider to have the disk removed.

Troubleshooting

You can’t start an application program or it quits unexpectedly. Or, when you try to open a program, you see a message that not enough memory is available.

One of the following is probably the cause: m The Macintosh ran out of memory.

Quit the programs that you have open and then open the program you want to use, or restart your Macintosh.

Use the Memory control panel to turn on virtual memory. For more information on virtual memory, see the “Memory” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in t he Guide (h) menu.

m The program needs more memory.

Use the program’s I nfo window to give it more memory. For more information on increasing a program’s memory, see the “Memory” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

m Sometimes incom patible system extensions or control panels can cause

software problems. Restart while holding down the Shift key to temporarily turn off all system extensions.

If your program works normally after you do this, use the Extensions Manager control panel (in the Control Panels folder in the Apple [K] menu) to turn on individual extensions and control panels. Restart after you turn on each extension. This procedure should identify incompatible extensions and control panels. (If you just added new software to your computer, its system extension is the most probable cause of the problem.) For detailed instructions, see the information about managing system extensions in the “Customizing Your Computer” topic of Macintosh Guide, available i n the Guide (h) menu.

If your program performs better when a particular extension or control panel is turned off, contact the software’s manufacturer for information or an upgrade.

Chapter 6

A dialog box with a bomb appears.

There is a software problem. m Write down what you were doing when the message appeared, and write

down the text of the message.

m Restart your Macintosh. (See “Start Over by Restarting Your Computer” in

the s e ction “If You Have Trouble” earlier in this chapter.) Most software problems are temporary, and restarting usually corrects the problem.

m If the problem recurs, check the startup disk and application program you

were using when the dialog box appeared. Make sure that all programs, desk accessories, and system extensions you’re using are compatible with the system software (as described in the next paragraph). Reinstalling the system software may correct the problem. See Chapter 7, “Reinstalling Your Computer’s Software.”

m Sometimes incom patible system extensions or control panels can cause

system software problems. Restart while holding down the Shift key; this temporarily turns off all system extensions. If your computer works normally after you do this, use the Extensions Manager control panel (in the Control Panels folder in the Apple [K] menu) to turn on extensions and control panels one at a time. Restart after you turn on each extension. This procedure should identify incompatible extensions and control panels. (If you just added new software to your computer, its system extension is the most probable cause of the problem.) For detailed instructions, see the information about managing system extensions in the “Customizing Your Computer” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

If your computer performs better when a particular extension or control panel is turned off, contact the software’s manufacturer for information or an upgrade.

Troubleshooting

m If the problem recurs, you may need to reinstall system software. See

Chapter 7, “Reinstalling Your Computer’s Software,” for instructions.

m If the bomb only occurs in one application program, try reinstalling the

program from the original disks. If reinstalling doesn’t solve the problem, contact the manufacturer of the program.

The pointer (8) doesn’t move when you move the mouse.

One of the following situations is probably the cause. m There is a software problem. Try the following:

Press x-Option-Esc to quit the application program i n use when the problem occurred. If this works, you can save the documents open i n other programs before restarting.

Restart your Macintosh. See “Start Over by Restarting Your Computer” in the s e ction “If You Have Trouble” earlier in this chapter for instructions.

m Foll o w the suggestions in the previous entry, “A Dialog Box With a

Bomb Appears.”

m The mouse or keyboard is not connected properly.

Tur n off the computer by pressing the power key (and then press return to choose Shut Down), or if that doesn’t work, press the standby power button (®) at the back of the computer. With the computer off, check that th e mouse and keyboard cables are connected properly. Then restar t the co mputer.

Chapter 6

IMPORTANT

Do not connect or disconnect the mouse while the computer is

turned on. You may damage your computer. m Signals from the mouse are not reaching the computer, either because the

mouse needs cleaning or because there is something wrong with it. Clean the mouse according to the instructions in Appendix A of this book. If you have another mouse or pointing device, try connecting and using it.

(Turn the computer off before connecting it.) If the new device works, there is probably something wrong with the mouse you replaced.

If none of these procedures solves the problem, consult the service and support information that came with your computer for instructions on how to contact an Apple-authorized service provider or Apple for assistance.

Typing on the keyboard produces nothing on the screen.

One of the following is probably the cause: m You haven’t selected any text or set the insertion point (i).

Make sure the program you want to type in is the active program. Then place the pointer (8

) in the active window and click to set an insertion point

(i) or drag to select text (if you want to replace the text with your typing).

m If the computer beeps every time you press a key, Easy Access is probably

turned on. Op en the Extensions Manager control panel in the Control Panels fol der in the Apple (K) menu. Click the checkmark next to Easy Acce s s to remove the checkmark and to turn off Easy Access. Then restart your computer.

m The keyboard is not connected properly.

Tur n off the computer by pressing the standby power button (®) at the back of t he computer. With the computer off, check that the keyboard cable is connected properly at both ends.

m Some system software features are turned on that affect the way the

keyboard works. Open Easy Access from the control panels listed under the Apple (K)

menu and turn off Sticky Keys, Slow Keys, and Mouse Keys.

m There is a software problem.

Restar t your Macintosh. For instructions, see “Start Over by Restarting Your Computer” in the section “If You Have Trouble” earlier in this chapter.

Check the startup disk and application program you were using when the problem occurred. To check that the programs and the system extensions you’ re using are compatible with the system software, restart while holding down the Shift key; this temporarily turns off all system extensions. If your computer works normally after you do this, use the Extensions Manager control panel to turn on extensions and control panels one at a time. Rest art after you turn on each extension. This procedure should identify incompatible extensions and control panels that may be causing the problem. (If you just added new software to your computer, its system extension is the most probable cause of the problem.) For detailed instructions, see the information about managing system extensions in the “Customizing Your Computer” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

Troubleshooting

If the problem recurs, you may need to reinstall system software. See Chapter 7, “Reinstalling Your Computer’s Software,” for instructions.

m The keyboard is damaged.

If you have access to another keyboard, try using it instead. (Turn the computer off before connecting it.) If the new keyboard works, there is probably something wrong with the one you replaced.

You can’t open a document, or you see a message that an application program can’t be found.

m Some documents can be op ened by more than one application program.

Try starting a program that you think might be able to open the document, then choose Open from the program’s File menu to try to open the document.

m Purchase and install the correct software to use the document, or find out

if the creator of the document can convert it to a form that one of your programs can use.

m Don’t try to open the files in your System Folder. Most of the files in your

System Folder are used by your computer for internal purposes and are not intended to be opened.

m Rebuild your desktop. Follow the instr uctions in “Rebuild Your Desktop” in

the s e ction “If You Have Trouble” earlier in this chapter.

m If the document is from a DOS computer, use the PC Exchange control

panel (in the Control Panels folder in the Apple [K] menu) to specify which Macintosh program will open the document. For information about working with DOS documents on your Macintosh, see the information about DOS in Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

Your computer won’t restart, and a CD-ROM disc is in the CD-ROM drive.

m Your computer may be trying to start up from the CD-ROM disc. Press the

Open/Close button of your CD-ROM drive to open the tray, and remove the CD-ROM disc. Close the tray, then restart your computer.

Chapter 6

You experience problems using a document from a DOS computer.

If you can’t op en a DOS document using a Macintosh program, try the following:

m Open the document from within the program by choosing Open in the

program’s File menu.

m Use the PC Exchange control panel (in the Control Panels folder in the

Apple [K] menu) to specify which Macintosh program will open the document.

If a DOS document is displayed incorrectly, or you see strange codes or characters in the document, try one of the following:

m Your application program may have special procedures for opening and

saving documents with different file formats. See the information that

came with your program, or call the program’s publisher. m Try opening the document in another program. Note: Some ch aracters that can be displayed on the Macintosh are not

accurately displayed on DOS computers. For more information about working with DOS documents on your

Macintosh, see the information about using DOS in Macintosh Guide, available i n the Guide (h) menu.

You see a message that your application program can’t be opened because a file can’t be found.

Macintosh programs designed specifically for the PowerPC microprocessor (also called “native” applications) use special files called shared libraries. Any necessary shared libraries should be installed automatically when you install these s pecial Macintosh programs.

Follow the directions that came with your program to reinstall the program. If the shared library is still missing, contact the software program’s manufacturer for assistance.

Troubleshooting

You experience problems using an older Macintosh program.

Some older Macintosh programs are not completely compatible with Macintosh computers that have the PowerPC microprocessor.

m Open the Memory control panel (in the Control Panels folder in the

Apple [K] menu) and turn off Modern Memory Manager.

m If that doesn’t work, contact the program’s publisher to see if an upgrade

is available.

You plug headphones into your monitor, but still hear sound coming out of your computer.

m Plug your headphones into the headphone jack (f) on the front of the

computer.

m If you want to keep the headphones connected to the monitor, manually

turn down the subwoofer. Turn the knob i n the subwoofer balance control port (Ï) counterclockwise to turn off the subwoofer volume. Remember to turn it back up the next time you want to hear the subwoofer.

You’re listening through headphones, but the sound is odd.

You may have 3D Surround Sound turned on. To tur n it off, open the Monitors & Sound control panel, which can be found in the Apple (K) menu, and click the Sound icon. Then click the checkbox to remove the checkmark next to

“Enabled.” 3D Surround Sound doesn’t work well

through headphones.

The subwoofer balance control (Ï) on the back of your computer is not affecting the volume.

The subwoofer balance control affects the subwoofer volume only when the computer has external speakers attached or the monitor has built-in speakers. Otherwise, the subwoofer balance control (Ï) has no effect on your computer’s overall volume. Adjust your computer’s volume with the sound controls on the front of the computer or monitor, with the volume control sliders i n the Monitors & Sound control panel (in the Apple [K] menu), or with the volume controls in AppleCD Audio Player (if you’re listening to an audio CD).

Chapter 6

You can’t record sound using an external microphone or the microphone built in to your monitor.

m Any time you want to record sound, you need to make sure your sound

input source is set to “External Microphone.” O pen the Monitors & Sound

control panel in the Apple (K) menu, click the Sound icon, and choose

“External Microphone” from the Sound Input pop-up menu. m If you’re using your monitor’s built-in microphone to record, use the

Monitors & Sound control panel to make the monitor’s speakers mute. In

the same control panel, make sure that the sound input is set to the

monitor’s built-in microphone. For additional help, see the “Sound” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in

the Guide (h)menu in the upper-right corner of your screen.

You can’t quit (get out of) one of the programs you opened in the Launcher.

Some programs in the Learning section of the Launcher (when you press the Learning category button) are self-running demos. If you can’t get out of one of the programs or demos, try the following:

m Look again to see if you can find a quit button or other quitting option. m Hold down the x key on your keyboard, and then, while keeping this key

held down, press the period key.

m While holding down the x key on your keyboard, press the letter Q. m Press the Power key (marked with a π) on your keyboard to shut down. m Restart your computer by holding down the x and Control keys while you

press the Power key (marked with a triangle).

Your screen displays a right-angle-bracket prompt (>).

If you inadvertently press the x and Power keys at the same time, you may get a right-angle-bracket prompt on your screen. To retur n to the desktop, type the letter G and press Return.

Troubleshooting

Solutions to CD-ROM problems

Problem s us ing th e CD-ROM drive

The CD-ROM drive icon does not appear on the screen.

m If you have SCSI devices (anything connected to the SCSI port [g])

attached to your computer, make sure that each device has a unique SCSI ID number (your CD-ROM drive has SCSI ID 3). Refer to the documentation that came with your SCSI devices if you need to reset SCSI ID numbers.

m If you reinstalled the CD-ROM software, make sure to restart your

computer afterward.

m Make sure that the Apple CD-ROM extension is turned on in the

Extensions Manager control panel. Open the Extensions Manager control panel in the Control Panels folder in the Apple (K) menu. Click to put a checkmark next to “Apple CD-ROM.” Then restart your computer.

m If you installed a CD-ROM drive after you bought your computer, make

sure the CD-ROM software that came with the drive is installed. See the manual that came with the CD-ROM drive for software installation instructions. (The CD-ROM software is already installed on Macintosh computers that come with CD-ROM drives.)

You’ve just ejected a CD, but the computer keeps asking you to reinsert it.

m The right way to eject a CD-ROM disc is either to select the CD-ROM disc

and choose Put Away from the File menu or to drag the CD-ROM disc’s icon to the trash. If you select the CD-ROM disc and choose Eject Disk from the Special menu, the computer remembers the CD-ROM disc in its memory and keeps asking you to reinsert the disc. Reinsert the CD-ROM disc, then drag its icon to the trash. (You won’t lose information on the CD-ROM disc by dragging its icon to the trash.)

Your computer starts up and you see large folder-shaped areas, containing labeled pictorial buttons, instead of the usual Macintosh desktop.

m Your computer may have started up from a CD-ROM disc containing

At Ease, an alternative to the Macintosh desktop. You n eed to have the Macintosh desktop on your screen before you can use any of the software installation instructions in this manual.

Chapter 6

To return to the Macintosh desktop, choose Shut Down from the Special

menu. After your computer has shut down, restart it. Then press the

Open/Close button of your CD-ROM drive to open the tray. Remove the

CD-ROM disc, close the tray, and star t up your computer again. To avoid having the computer start up from a CD-ROM disc, rememb er to

remove any disc in the drive before you shut down your computer.

The tray of your CD-ROM drive won’t open.

If a CD-ROM disc icon appears on your screen:

m Drag the disc icon to the Trash, or select it and choose Put Away from the

File menu. (Note: You won’t lose information on the CD-ROM disc by

dragging its icon to the Trash. Don’ t select the disc icon and then choose

Eject D i sk from the Special menu.)

If the AppleCD Audio Player is active, choose Eject CD from the File menu.

If you see a message that a disc can’t be put away because it is being

shared, turn off file sharing, then try again to put away the disc.

If no CD-ROM disc icon appears on your screen:

m Press the Open/Close button of your CD-ROM drive. m The signal to open the tray may not be reaching the computer. Turn off

your computer, then do the following: Locate the small pinhole to the

lower right of the CD-ROM tray opening, insert the end of a large

straightened paper clip firmly and horizontally into the pinhole, push

gently until the tray is released, then carefully pull the tray open. Do not

force the tray open; wait until the paper clip has dislodged it or you may

break the front of the tray.

WARNING

Turn off your computer before you attempt to eject the tray

using a paper clip. If you don’t, you may damage the CD-ROM drive.

If neither of these suggestions works, your CD-ROM drive may be damaged. Contact an Apple-authorized service provider or Apple for further assistance.

Troubleshooting

Your computer won’t restart, and a CD-ROM disc is in the CD-ROM drive.

m Your computer may be trying to start up from the CD-ROM disc. Press the

Open/Close button of your CD-ROM drive to open the tray, and remove the CD-ROM disc. Close the tray, then restart your computer.

Prob lem s u s ing CD-ROM discs

You insert a CD-ROM disc, but its icon doesn’t appear on the Macintosh desktop.

m Make sure that the disc label is facing up and the disc is centered in the

tray. If you are using a small (8 cm) disc, make sure your computer is as level as possible and the disc is centered within the inside ring on the tray.

m Make sure the tray is closed all the way. m Try restarting your computer. m Try starting your computer from the Macintosh Performa CD: Performa

Software while holding down the C key. (See the section “Starting Up From the Macintosh Performa CD: Performa Software” later in this chapter). If only the hard disk icon appears on the desktop, then there may be a hardware problem with your CD-ROM drive. If the CD-ROM disc icon appears above the hard disk icon, reinstall your CD-ROM software. The easiest way to do this is by reinstalling your system software, following the instructions in Chapter 7, “Reinstalling Your Computer’s Software.”

CD-ROM software is already installed on Macintosh computers that come with CD-ROM drives. You can reinstall it by reinstalling your system software, following the instructions in Chapter 7, “Reinstalling Your Computer’s Software.”

m Make sure that the Apple CD-ROM extension is turned on in the

Extensions Manager control panel. Open the Extensions Manager control panel in the Control Panels folder in the Apple (K) menu. Click to put a checkmark next to “Apple CD-ROM,” then restart your computer.

m If you installed the CD-ROM drive after you bought your computer, make

sure the CD-ROM software is installed. Refer to the documentation that came with the C D -ROM drive. (The CD-ROM software is already installed on Macintosh computers that come with CD-ROM drives.)

Chapter 6

Your computer displays the message “This is not a Macintosh disk: Do you want to initialize it?” when you insert a CD-ROM disc in the CD-ROM drive.

m Make sure that the Foreign File Access and Audio CD Access CD-ROM

extensions are i nstalled a nd turned on. You can find them in your

Extensions folder in the System Folder on your hard disk. If they are not

turned on, use the Extensions Manager control panel in the Control Panels

folder in the Apple (K) menu to turn them on. (Click to put checkmarks

beside them.) Then restart your computer. m Make sure the CD-ROM software is installed. (The CD-ROM software is

already installed on Macintosh computers that come with CD-ROM drives.)

If you installed a CD-ROM drive after buying your computer, see the

manual that came with the drive. m The disc may use a format that the Macintosh cannot recognize. Ask the

disc’s manufacturer for a disc that a Macintosh can recognize.

Your computer ejects a CD-ROM disc without giving you any error message.

m Make sure the disc is flat in the tray and the disc label is facing up.

IMPORTANT

If you’re using a small (8 cm) disc, make sure it’s centered within the tray’s in ner ring and the computer is absolutely level. An improperly seated small disc in your computer may result in damage to the disc, the CD-ROM drive, or both.

m The disc may need to be cleaned. (See “Handling CD-ROM Discs” in the

section “Handling Your Computer Equipment” in Appendix A.) If there are visib le sc ratches on the shiny side of the disc, you may be able to remove them with a CD-ROM disc polishing kit (available from your audio CD dealer). If the scratches can’t be removed, you need to replace the disc.

m The disc may be damaged. Try a nother disc in the drive, and try the

original disc in another drive. If the original drive reads other discs or if the original disc also doesn’t work in another drive, the disc is probably damaged. You need to replace it.

You can’t open a document on a CD-ROM disc.

m Try opening the application program first; then open the document. m Read the manual that came with your CD-ROM disc. Some discs come with

software that you need to install on your computer before using the disc.

Troubleshooting

You can’t save changes you make to information on a CD-ROM disc.

m A CD-ROM disc is a read-only medium. This means that information can

be read (retrieved) from it, but not written (stored) on it. You can save the cha nged informati on on a hard disk or floppy disk.

Prob lem s u s ing ISO 9660 or High Sierra discs

You cannot access files on a CD-ROM disc that uses the ISO 9660 or High Sierra format.

m Discs in the ISO 9660 and High Sierra disc formats have version numbers

attached to file names. Some application programs need these version numbers in order to work with files. To make the version numbers available to programs on your computer, follow these instructions.

Drag the CD-ROM disc icon to the Trash. When the tray opens, hold down the Option key and push the tray back in. Continue to hold down the Option key until the disc is in the drive. The program you are using should now be able to locate file names on that CD-ROM disc.

m Make sure that Foreign File Access, ISO 9660 File Access, and High Sierra

File Access are present in the Extensions folder in your System Folder on your hard disk.

Problem s playing a udio CDs

You don’t hear any sound when you play an audio CD or an audio track on a CD-ROM disc using the AppleCD Audio Player.

m If you have headphones or speakers connected to the computer, adjust the

connectors to make sure they are firmly connected. Make sure the volume control on your headphones or speakers is not turned down too low.

m If you do not have headphones or speakers connected to the computer,

make sure that nothing else is plugged into the sound output port (-) on the back of your computer.

m If you are using a CD-ROM disc over a network, you won’t be able to hear

the audio por tion.

m Make sure the volume is turned up in the AppleCD Audio Player. With the

Audio Player open, drag the volume control slider up, use the volume controls on your computer, or press the Up Ar row key on your keyboard.

Chapter 6

m The CD may have been paused. Click the Play/Pause button in the

AppleCD Audio Player once or twice.

m If your CD-ROM drive was installed after you bought your computer, make

sure the audio cable is properly connected. See the documentation that came with the CD-ROM drive.

While playing an audio track on a CD-ROM disc that combines audio tracks and data, you double-click the disc icon and the audio track stops playing.

m You can’t open data files on a CD-ROM disc and listen to audio tracks on

that disc at the same time.

You are unable to record sound from an audio CD.

m Check your computer’s sound input port to see if a microphone or other

device is connected.

m You may need to reset the sound options in the Monitors & Sound control

panel. Refer to the “Sound” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu.

Problem s us ing Photo CDs

You insert a Photo CD disc, but its icon doesn’t appear on the desktop.

m Reinstall the CD-ROM and QuickTime software. The easiest way to do

this is by reinstalling your system software, following the instructions in Chapter 7, “Reinstalling Your Computer’s Software.”

Your computer does not display color icons for individual images on a Photo CD.

m Your computer may be low on memory. To view color icons, restart your

computer and then reopen the Photos folder. See the “Memory” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu, for more information on managing memory.

After you open an image file on a Photo CD, the image is scrambled, colors are displayed incorrectly, or no image appears in the window.

m The program you are using may not be designed to work with large (high-

resolution) image files. You can open the image with another program or you can assign more memory to the program. (See the “Memory” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide [h] menu, for more information on managing memory.)

Troubleshooting

After you open an image on a Photo CD, your system is “frozen” and does not respond to any input, or you have a “bomb” message on your screen.

m Restart your Macintosh. (If you need help restarting your computer, see

“Start Over by Restarting Your Computer” in the section “If You Have Trouble” at the beginning of this chapter.) Th e program you are using may not be designed to work with large (high-resolution) image files. You can open the image with another program or you can assign more memory to the program. See the “Memory” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in the Guide (h) menu, for more information on managing memory.

If your computer’s per formance decreases

If you notice a decrease in your computer’s speed and general performance after you install special software (a control panel, system extension, or custom utility), it may be because the software is not compatible with Macintosh computers built with the PowerPC microprocessor.

m To fi nd out if a system extension or control panel is the problem, hold

down the Shift key while you restart the computer. This temporarily turns off control panels and extensions. If the computer performs better without these software items, one of them is likely to be the problem. (If you just added new software, its system extension, control panel, or custom utility is the mos t probable cause of the problem.)

100

To fi nd out which software is the problem, use the Extensions Manager control panel (in the Control Panels folder in the Apple [K] menu) to turn off a system extension or set of extensions. (If you just added new software to your computer, its system extension is the most probable cause of the problem.) For detailed instructions, see the information about managing system extensions in the “Customizing Your Computer” topic of Macintosh Guide, available in t he Guide (h) menu. If the computer performs better whe n an exte nsion is turned off, contact the extension’s manufacturer for information or an upgrade.

Chapter 6

Apple 6400 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual