ZyXEL ES-4124 User Manual
ES-4124
Intelligent Layer 3+ Switch
User’s Guide
Version 3.8
4/2007
Edition 1
DEFAULT LOGIN
IP Address http://192.168.1.1
User Name admin
Password 1234
www.zyxel.com
About This User's Guide
About This User's Guide
Intended Audience
This manual is intended for people who want to configure the ES-4124 using the web
configurator or via commands. You should have at least a basic knowledge of TCP/IP
networking concepts and topology.
Related Documentation
• Quick Start Guide
The Quick Start Guide contains information on setting up your hardware.
• Web Configurator Online Help
Embedded web help for descriptions of individual screens and supplementary
information.
" It is recommended you use the web configurator to configure the Switch.
• Supporting Disk
Refer to the included CD for support documents.
• ZyXEL Web Site
Please refer to www.zyxel.com
certifications.
User Guide Feedback
Help us help you. Send all User Guide-related comments, questions or suggestions for
improvement to the following address, or use e-mail instead. Thank you!
The Technical Writing Team,
ZyXEL Communications Corp.,
6 Innovation Road II,
Science-Based Industrial Park,
Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
E-mail: techwriters@zyxel.com.tw
for additional support documentation and product
ES-4124 User’s Guide
3
Document Conventions
Document Conventions
Warnings and Notes
These are how warnings and notes are shown in this User’s Guide.
1 Warnings tell you about things that could harm you or your device.
" Notes tell you other important information (for example, other things you may
need to configure or helpful tips) or recommendations.
Syntax Conventions
• The ES-4124 may be referred to as the “Switch”, the “device”, the “system” or the
“product” in this User’s Guide.
• Product labels, screen names, field labels and field choices are all in bold font.
• A key stroke is denoted by square brackets and uppercase text, for example, [ENTER]
means the “enter” or “return” key on your keyboard.
• “Enter” means for you to type one or more characters and then press the [ENTER] key.
“Select” or “choose” means for you to use one of the predefined choices.
• A right angle bracket ( > ) within a screen name denotes a mouse click. For example,
Maintenance > Log > Log Setting means you first click Maintenance in the navigation
panel, then the Log sub menu and finally the Log Setting tab to get to that screen.
• Units of measurement may denote the “metric” value or the “scientific” value. For
example, “k” for kilo may denote “1000” or “1024”, “M” for mega may denote “1000000”
or “1048576” and so on.
• “e.g.,” is a shorthand for “for instance”, and “i.e.,” means “that is” or “in other words”.
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ES-4124 User’s Guide
Document Conventions
Icons Used in Figures
Figures in this User’s Guide may use the following generic icons. The Switch icon is not an
exact representation of your device.
The Switch Computer Notebook computer
Server DSLAM Firewall
Telephone Switch Router
ES-4124 User’s Guide
5
Safety Warnings
Safety Warnings
1 For your safety, be sure to read and follow all warning notices and instructions.
• Do NOT use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming
pool.
• Do NOT expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids.
• Do NOT store things on the device.
• Do NOT install, use, or service this device during a thunderstorm. There is a remote risk
of electric shock from lightning.
• Connect ONLY suitable accessories to the device.
• Do NOT open the device or unit. Opening or removing covers can expose you to
dangerous high voltage points or other risks. ONLY qualified service personnel should
service or disassemble this device. Please contact your vendor for further information.
• For continued protection against risk of fire replace only with same type and rating of
fuse.
• Make sure to connect the cables to the correct ports.
• Place connecting cables carefully so that no one will step on them or stumble over them.
• Always disconnect all cables from this device before servicing or disassembling.
• Use ONLY an appropriate power adaptor or cord for your device. Connect it to the right
supply voltage (for example, 110V AC in North America or 230V AC in Europe).
• Do NOT allow anything to rest on the power adaptor or cord and do NOT place the
product where anyone can walk on the power adaptor or cord.
• Do NOT use the device if the power adaptor or cord is damaged as it might cause
electrocution.
• If the power adaptor or cord is damaged, remove it from the device and the power source.
• Do NOT attempt to repair the power adaptor or cord. Contact your local vendor to order a
new one.
• Do not use the device outside, and make sure all the connections are indoors. There is a
remote risk of electric shock from lightning.
• Do NOT obstruct the device ventilation slots, as insufficient airflow may harm your
device.
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ES-4124 User’s Guide
This product is recyclable. Dispose of it properly.
Safety Warnings
ES-4124 User’s Guide
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Safety Warnings
8
ES-4124 User’s Guide
Contents Overview
Contents Overview
Introduction ............................................................................................................................35
Getting to Know Your Switch ..................................................................................................... 37
Hardware Installation and Connection ....................................................................................... 41
Hardware Overview ................................................................................................................... 45
Basic Configuration ...............................................................................................................51
The Web Configurator ............................................................................................................... 53
Initial Setup Example ................................................................................................................. 63
System Status and Port Statistics ..............................................................................................69
Basic Setting ............................................................................................................................. 75
Advanced Setup .....................................................................................................................87
VLAN ......................................................................................................................................... 89
Static MAC Forward Setup ...................................................................................................... 105
Filtering .................................................................................................................................... 107
Spanning Tree Protocol ........................................................................................................... 109
Bandwidth Control ................................................................................................................... 129
Broadcast Storm Control ......................................................................................................... 131
Mirroring .................................................................................................................................. 133
Link Aggregation ...................................................................................................................... 135
Port Authentication .................................................................................................................. 143
Port Security ............................................................................................................................ 149
Classifier .................................................................................................................................. 153
Policy Rule .............................................................................................................................. 159
Queuing Method ...................................................................................................................... 165
VLAN Stacking ......................................................................................................................... 169
Multicast .................................................................................................................................. 175
Authentication & Accounting ....................................................................................................189
IP Source Guard ...................................................................................................................... 203
Loop Guard .............................................................................................................................. 223
IP Application ....................................................................................................................... 227
Static Route ............................................................................................................................. 229
RIP .......................................................................................................................................... 231
OSPF ....................................................................................................................................... 233
IGMP ....................................................................................................................................... 245
DVMRP .................................................................................................................................... 249
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Contents Overview
IP Multicast .............................................................................................................................. 253
Differentiated Services ............................................................................................................. 255
DHCP ...................................................................................................................................... 263
VRRP ....................................................................................................................................... 271
Management ......................................................................................................................... 281
Maintenance ............................................................................................................................ 283
Access Control ........................................................................................................................ 289
Diagnostic ................................................................................................................................ 307
Syslog ...................................................................................................................................... 309
Cluster Management ............................................................................................................... 313
MAC Table ............................................................................................................................... 319
IP Table .................................................................................................................................... 321
ARP Table ................................................................................................................................ 323
Routing Table ........................................................................................................................... 325
Configure Clone ....................................................................................................................... 327
Commands and Troubleshooting .......................................................................................329
Introducing Commands ..........................................................................................................331
User and Enable Mode Commands ........................................................................................ 385
Configuration Mode Commands .............................................................................................. 391
Interface Commands ............................................................................................................... 403
IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLAN Commands ................................................................................. 413
Multicast VLAN Registration Commands ................................................................................ 421
Routing Domain Command Examples .................................................................................... 423
Troubleshooting ....................................................................................................................... 425
Appendices and Index ......................................................................................................... 433
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ES-4124 User’s Guide
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
About This User's Guide ..........................................................................................................3
Document Conventions............................................................................................................4
Safety Warnings........................................................................................................................6
Contents Overview ...................................................................................................................9
Table of Contents.................................................................................................................... 11
List of Figures ......................................................................................................................... 25
List of Tables...........................................................................................................................31
Part I: Introduction................................................................................. 35
Chapter 1
Getting to Know Your Switch.................................................................................................37
1.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 37
1.1.1 Backbone Application ................................................................................................. 37
1.1.2 Bridging Example ....................................................................................................... 38
1.1.3 High Performance Switching Example ....................................................................... 38
1.1.4 IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Application Examples ................................................................ 39
1.2 Ways to Manage the Switch ................................................................................................ 39
1.3 Good Habits for Managing the Switch ................................................................................. 40
Chapter 2
Hardware Installation and Connection .................................................................................41
2.1 Freestanding Installation ..................................................................................................... 41
2.2 Mounting the Switch on a Rack .......................................................................................... 42
2.2.1 Rack-mounted Installation Requirements .................................................................. 42
2.2.2 Attaching the Mounting Brackets to the Switch .......................................................... 42
2.2.3 Mounting the Switch on a Rack .................................................................................. 43
Chapter 3
Hardware Overview................................................................................................................. 45
3.1 Panel Connections ............................................................................................................. 45
3.1.1 Console Port ............................................................................................................. 46
3.1.2 Ethernet Ports ............................................................................................................ 46
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3.1.3 Mini-GBIC Slots .........................................................................................................46
3.2 Rear Panel ........................................................................................................................... 48
3.2.1 Power Connector ....................................................................................................... 48
3.2.2 External Backup Power Supply Connector ................................................................ 49
3.3 LEDs ................................................................................................................................ 49
Part II: Basic Configuration................................................................... 51
Chapter 4
The Web Configurator ............................................................................................................53
4.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 53
4.2 System Login .................................................................................................................... 53
4.3 The Status Screen .......................................................................................................... 54
4.3.1 Change Your Password .......................................................................................... 59
4.4 Saving Your Configuration ................................................................................................... 59
4.5 Switch Lockout .................................................................................................................. 59
4.6 Resetting the Switch ......................................................................................................... 60
4.6.1 Reload the Configuration File ................................................................................... 60
4.7 Logging Out of the Web Configurator ................................................................................. 61
4.8 Help ................................................................................................................................... 61
Chapter 5
Initial Setup Example..............................................................................................................63
5.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 63
5.1.1 Configuring an IP Interface ........................................................................................ 63
5.1.2 Configuring DHCP Server Settings ............................................................................ 64
5.1.3 Creating a VLAN ........................................................................................................ 65
5.1.4 Setting Port VID .........................................................................................................66
5.1.5 Enabling RIP .............................................................................................................. 67
Chapter 6
System Status and Port Statistics.........................................................................................69
6.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 69
6.2 Port Status Summary ...................................................................................................... 69
6.2.1 Status: Port Details ................................................................................................70
Chapter 7
Basic Setting .......................................................................................................................... 75
7.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 75
7.2 System Information ........................................................................................................... 75
7.3 General Setup ................................................................................................................. 77
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7.4 Introduction to VLANs ........................................................................................................ 79
7.5 Switch Setup Screen ........................................................................................................ 79
7.6 IP Setup ............................................................................................................................ 81
7.6.1 IP Interfaces .............................................................................................................. 81
7.7 Port Setup .......................................................................................................................... 83
Part III: Advanced Setup........................................................................ 87
Chapter 8
VLAN ........................................................................................................................................ 89
8.1 Introduction to IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLANs .................................................................. 89
8.1.1 Forwarding Tagged and Untagged Frames ................................................................ 89
8.2 Automatic VLAN Registration ............................................................................................ 90
8.2.1 GARP ......................................................................................................................... 90
8.2.2 GVRP ......................................................................................................................... 90
8.3 Port VLAN Trunking ........................................................................................................... 91
8.4 Select the VLAN Type ........................................................................................................ 91
8.5 Static VLAN ......................................................................................................................... 91
8.5.1 Static VLAN Status .................................................................................................... 92
8.5.2 Static VLAN Details ................................................................................................... 92
8.5.3 Configure a Static VLAN ........................................................................................ 93
8.5.4 Configure VLAN Port Settings ................................................................................ 94
8.6 Subnet Based VLANs ......................................................................................................... 96
8.7 Configuring Subnet Based VLAN ...................................................................................... 97
8.8 Protocol Based VLANs ....................................................................................................... 98
8.9 Configuring Protocol Based VLAN .................................................................................... 99
8.10 Create an IP-based VLAN Example ................................................................................ 100
8.11 Port-based VLAN Setup .............................................................................................. 101
8.11.1 Configure a Port-based VLAN ............................................................................... 102
Chapter 9
Static MAC Forward Setup................................................................................................... 105
9.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................ 105
9.2 Configuring Static MAC Forwarding ............................................................................. 105
Chapter 10
Filtering..................................................................................................................................107
10.1 Configure a Filtering Rule .............................................................................................107
Chapter 11
Spanning Tree Protocol........................................................................................................109
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Table of Contents
11.1 STP/RSTP Overview ..................................................................................................... 109
11.1.1 STP Terminology ................................................................................................... 109
11.1.2 How STP Works .....................................................................................................110
11.1.3 STP Port States ...................................................................................................... 111
11.1.4 Multiple RSTP .......................................................................................................111
11.1.5 Multiple STP ............................................................................................................112
11.2 Spanning Tree Protocol Status Screen .............................................................................114
11.3 Spanning Tree Configuration ...........................................................................................115
11.4 Configure Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol ......................................................................116
11.5 Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol Status .........................................................................118
11.6 Configure Multiple Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol .........................................................119
11.7 Multiple Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol Status ........................................................... 121
11.8 Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol .................................................................. 122
11.9 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol Status ..................................................................... 125
Chapter 12
Bandwidth Control................................................................................................................129
12.1 Bandwidth Control Overview ......................................................................................... 129
12.1.1 CIR and PIR ........................................................................................................... 129
12.2 Bandwidth Control Setup ................................................................................................. 129
Chapter 13
Broadcast Storm Control .....................................................................................................131
13.1 Broadcast Storm Control Setup ...................................................................................... 131
Chapter 14
Mirroring ................................................................................................................................ 133
14.1 Port Mirroring Setup ....................................................................................................... 133
Chapter 15
Link Aggregation ..................................................................................................................135
15.1 Link Aggregation Overview ............................................................................................. 135
15.2 Dynamic Link Aggregation ............................................................................................. 135
15.2.1 Link Aggregation ID ............................................................................................... 136
15.3 Link Aggregation Status ..................................................................................................136
15.4 Link Aggregation Setting ............................................................................................... 137
15.5 Link Aggregation Control Protocol ................................................................................ 138
15.6 Static Trunking Example .................................................................................................. 140
Chapter 16
Port Authentication............................................................................................................... 143
16.1 Port Authentication Overview ........................................................................................ 143
16.1.1 IEEE 802.1x Authentication ................................................................................... 143
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16.1.2 MAC Authentication ............................................................................................... 144
16.2 Port Authentication Configuration .................................................................................... 145
16.2.1 Activate IEEE 802.1x Security ........................................................................... 145
16.2.2 Activate MAC Authentication ................................................................................. 146
Chapter 17
Port Security.......................................................................................................................... 149
17.1 About Port Security ......................................................................................................... 149
17.2 Port Security Setup .......................................................................................................... 149
Chapter 18
Classifier................................................................................................................................153
18.1 About the Classifier and QoS .......................................................................................... 153
18.2 Configuring the Classifier ...............................................................................................153
18.3 Viewing and Editing Classifier Configuration ................................................................... 156
18.4 Classifier Example ........................................................................................................... 157
Chapter 19
Policy Rule............................................................................................................................ 159
19.1 Policy Rules Overview ....................................................................................................159
19.1.1 DiffServ .................................................................................................................. 159
19.1.2 DSCP and Per-Hop Behavior ................................................................................. 159
19.2 Configuring Policy Rules ................................................................................................. 160
19.3 Viewing and Editing Policy Configuration ........................................................................ 162
19.4 Policy Example ................................................................................................................ 163
Chapter 20
Queuing Method.................................................................................................................... 165
20.1 Queuing Method Overview ............................................................................................. 165
20.1.1 Strictly Priority ........................................................................................................ 165
20.1.2 Weighted Fair Queuing .......................................................................................... 165
20.1.3 Weighted Round Robin Scheduling (WRR) ........................................................... 166
20.2 Configuring Queuing ........................................................................................................ 166
Chapter 21
VLAN Stacking ...................................................................................................................... 169
21.1 VLAN Stacking Overview ................................................................................................ 169
21.1.1 VLAN Stacking Example ........................................................................................ 169
21.2 VLAN Stacking Port Roles ............................................................................................... 170
21.3 VLAN Tag Format ............................................................................................................ 171
21.3.1 Frame Format ........................................................................................................ 171
21.4 Configuring VLAN Stacking ............................................................................................. 172
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Table of Contents
Chapter 22
Multicast ................................................................................................................................ 175
22.1 Multicast Overview ......................................................................................................... 175
22.1.1 IP Multicast Addresses ........................................................................................... 175
22.1.2 IGMP Filtering ........................................................................................................ 175
22.1.3 IGMP Snooping ..................................................................................................... 175
22.1.4 IGMP Snooping and VLANs ................................................................................... 176
22.2 Multicast Status .............................................................................................................. 176
22.3 Multicast Setting ............................................................................................................. 176
22.4 IGMP Snooping VLAN .................................................................................................... 178
22.5 IGMP Filtering Profile ..................................................................................................... 180
22.6 MVR Overview ................................................................................................................ 181
22.6.1 Types of MVR Ports ............................................................................................... 181
22.6.2 MVR Modes ........................................................................................................... 182
22.6.3 How MVR Works .................................................................................................... 182
22.7 General MVR Configuration ............................................................................................ 182
22.8 MVR Group Configuration .............................................................................................. 184
22.8.1 MVR Configuration Example .................................................................................. 185
Chapter 23
Authentication & Accounting .............................................................................................. 189
23.1 Authentication, Authorization and Accounting ............................................................... 189
23.1.1 Local User Accounts .............................................................................................. 189
23.1.2 RADIUS and TACACS+ ........................................................................................ 190
23.2 Authentication and Accounting Screens .......................................................................... 190
23.2.1 RADIUS Server Setup ........................................................................................ 190
23.2.2 TACACS+ Server Setup ..................................................................................... 192
23.2.3 Authentication and Accounting Setup ................................................................ 194
23.2.4 Vendor Specific Attribute ........................................................................................ 197
23.3 Supported RADIUS Attributes ......................................................................................... 198
23.3.1 Attributes Used for Authentication .......................................................................... 199
23.3.2 Attributes Used for Accounting ............................................................................... 199
Chapter 24
IP Source Guard....................................................................................................................203
24.1 IP Source Guard Overview .............................................................................................. 203
24.1.1 DHCP Snooping Overview ..................................................................................... 203
24.1.2 ARP Inspection Overview ...................................................................................... 205
24.2 IP Source Guard .............................................................................................................. 207
24.3 IP Source Guard Static Binding ....................................................................................... 207
24.4 DHCP Snooping .............................................................................................................. 209
24.5 DHCP Snooping Configure .............................................................................................. 212
24.5.1 DHCP Snooping Port Configure ............................................................................. 213
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24.5.2 DHCP Snooping VLAN Configure .......................................................................... 215
24.6 ARP Inspection Status .....................................................................................................216
24.6.1 ARP Inspection VLAN Status ................................................................................. 216
24.6.2 ARP Inspection Log Status .................................................................................... 217
24.7 ARP Inspection Configure ............................................................................................... 219
24.7.1 ARP Inspection Port Configure .............................................................................. 220
24.7.2 ARP Inspection VLAN Configure ........................................................................... 221
Chapter 25
Loop Guard............................................................................................................................ 223
25.1 Loop Guard Overview ..................................................................................................... 223
25.2 Loop Guard Setup ........................................................................................................... 225
Part IV: IP Application.......................................................................... 227
Chapter 26
Static Route ........................................................................................................................... 229
26.1 Configuring Static Routing ............................................................................................. 229
Chapter 27
RIP .........................................................................................................................................231
27.1 RIP Overview ................................................................................................................... 231
27.2 Configuring RIP .............................................................................................................. 231
Chapter 28
OSPF ......................................................................................................................................233
28.1 OSPF Overview .............................................................................................................. 233
28.1.1 OSPF Autonomous Systems and Areas ................................................................ 233
28.1.2 How OSPF Works .................................................................................................. 234
28.1.3 Interfaces and Virtual Links .................................................................................... 234
28.1.4 OSPF and Router Elections ................................................................................... 234
28.1.5 Configuring OSPF ................................................................................................. 235
28.2 OSPF Status ................................................................................................................. 235
28.3 OSPF Configuration ......................................................................................................237
28.4 Configure OSPF Areas ................................................................................................... 239
28.4.1 View OSPF Area Information Table ....................................................................... 240
28.5 Configuring OSPF Interfaces ........................................................................................ 240
28.6 OSPF Virtual-Links ....................................................................................................... 242
Chapter 29
IGMP.......................................................................................................................................245
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Table of Contents
29.1 IGMP Overview ............................................................................................................... 245
29.1.1 How IGMP Works ................................................................................................... 246
29.2 Port-based IGMP ............................................................................................................. 247
29.3 Configuring IGMP ............................................................................................................ 247
Chapter 30
DVMRP ................................................................................................................................... 249
30.1 DVMRP Overview ............................................................................................................249
30.2 How DVMRP Works ........................................................................................................ 249
30.2.1 DVMRP Terminology ............................................................................................. 250
30.3 Configuring DVMRP ....................................................................................................... 250
30.3.1 DVMRP Configuration Error Messages ................................................................ 251
30.4 Default DVMRP Timer Values ........................................................................................ 252
Chapter 31
IP Multicast ............................................................................................................................ 253
31.1 IP Multicast Overview ...................................................................................................... 253
31.2 Configuring Multicast ....................................................................................................... 253
Chapter 32
Differentiated Services.........................................................................................................255
32.1 DiffServ Overview ........................................................................................................... 255
32.1.1 DSCP and Per-Hop Behavior ................................................................................ 255
32.1.2 DiffServ Network Example .................................................................................... 256
32.2 Two Rate Three Color Marker Traffic Policing ................................................................. 256
32.2.1 TRTCM - Color-blind Mode .................................................................................... 257
32.2.2 TRTCM - Color-aware Mode .................................................................................. 257
32.3 Activating DiffServ .......................................................................................................... 258
32.3.1 Configuring 2-Rate 3 Color Marker Settings ......................................................... 258
32.4 DSCP-to-IEEE 802.1p Priority Settings ...................................................................... 260
32.4.1 Configuring DSCP Settings .................................................................................... 260
Chapter 33
DHCP...................................................................................................................................... 263
33.1 DHCP Overview ............................................................................................................. 263
33.1.1 DHCP Modes ........................................................................................................ 263
33.1.2 DHCP Configuration Options ................................................................................. 263
33.2 DHCP Status ................................................................................................................... 264
33.3 DHCP Server Status Detail ............................................................................................. 264
33.4 DHCP Relay ................................................................................................................... 265
33.4.1 DHCP Relay Agent Information ............................................................................. 265
33.4.2 Configuring DHCP Global Relay ............................................................................ 266
33.4.3 Global DHCP Relay Configuration Example .......................................................... 267
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33.5 Configuring DHCP VLAN Settings ................................................................................ 268
33.5.1 Example: DHCP Relay for Two VLANs .................................................................. 270
Chapter 34
VRRP ......................................................................................................................................271
34.1 VRRP Overview .............................................................................................................. 271
34.2 VRRP Status .................................................................................................................. 272
34.3 VRRP Configuration .......................................................................................................273
34.3.1 IP Interface Setup ................................................................................................. 273
34.3.2 VRRP Parameters ................................................................................................. 274
34.3.3 Configuring VRRP Parameters .............................................................................. 275
34.3.4 Configuring VRRP Parameters .............................................................................. 276
34.4 VRRP Configuration Examples ...................................................................................... 276
34.4.1 One Subnet Network Example .............................................................................. 276
34.4.2 Two Subnets Example .......................................................................................... 278
Part V: Management............................................................................. 281
Chapter 35
Maintenance .......................................................................................................................... 283
35.1 The Maintenance Screen .............................................................................................. 283
35.2 Load Factory Default ...................................................................................................... 284
35.3 Save Configuration .......................................................................................................... 284
35.4 Reboot System ................................................................................................................ 285
35.5 Firmware Upgrade ........................................................................................................ 285
35.6 Restore a Configuration File ......................................................................................... 286
35.7 Backup a Configuration File ......................................................................................... 286
35.8 FTP Command Line ........................................................................................................ 287
35.8.1 Filename Conventions .......................................................................................... 287
35.8.2 FTP Command Line Procedure ............................................................................ 287
35.8.3 GUI-based FTP Clients .......................................................................................... 288
35.8.4 FTP Restrictions .................................................................................................... 288
Chapter 36
Access Control...................................................................................................................... 289
36.1 Access Control Overview ............................................................................................ 289
36.2 The Access Control Main Screen .................................................................................... 289
36.3 About SNMP .................................................................................................................. 290
36.3.1 SNMP v3 and Security ........................................................................................... 291
36.3.2 Supported MIBs ................................................................................................... 291
36.3.3 SNMP Traps .......................................................................................................... 291
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Table of Contents
36.3.4 Configuring SNMP .............................................................................................. 294
36.3.5 Configuring SNMP Trap Group ........................................................................... 296
36.3.6 Setting Up Login Accounts ................................................................................. 297
36.4 SSH Overview ................................................................................................................. 299
36.5 How SSH works ............................................................................................................... 299
36.6 SSH Implementation on the Switch ................................................................................. 300
36.6.1 Requirements for Using SSH ................................................................................. 300
36.7 Introduction to HTTPS .....................................................................................................300
36.8 HTTPS Example .............................................................................................................. 301
36.8.1 Internet Explorer Warning Messages ..................................................................... 301
36.8.2 Netscape Navigator Warning Messages ................................................................ 302
36.8.3 The Main Screen .................................................................................................... 302
36.9 Service Port Access Control ......................................................................................... 303
36.10 Remote Management ............................................................................................... 304
Chapter 37
Diagnostic.............................................................................................................................. 307
37.1 Diagnostic ....................................................................................................................... 307
Chapter 38
Syslog ....................................................................................................................................309
38.1 Syslog Overview .............................................................................................................. 309
38.2 Syslog Setup .................................................................................................................. 309
38.3 Syslog Server Setup ....................................................................................................... 310
Chapter 39
Cluster Management.............................................................................................................313
39.1 Clustering Management Status Overview ...................................................................... 313
39.2 Cluster Management Status ........................................................................................... 314
39.2.1 Cluster Member Switch Management ................................................................... 315
39.3 Clustering Management Configuration .......................................................................... 316
Chapter 40
MAC Table..............................................................................................................................319
40.1 MAC Table Overview ...................................................................................................... 319
40.2 Viewing the MAC Table ................................................................................................... 320
Chapter 41
IP Table ..................................................................................................................................321
41.1 IP Table Overview ........................................................................................................... 321
41.2 Viewing the IP Table ........................................................................................................ 322
Chapter 42
ARP Table .............................................................................................................................. 323
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42.1 ARP Table Overview .......................................................................................................323
42.1.1 How ARP Works .................................................................................................... 323
42.2 Viewing the ARP Table ................................................................................................... 323
Chapter 43
Routing Table ........................................................................................................................325
43.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 325
43.2 Viewing the Routing Table Status ................................................................................... 325
Chapter 44
Configure Clone.................................................................................................................... 327
44.1 Configure Clone .............................................................................................................. 327
Part VI: Commands and Troubleshooting ......................................... 329
Chapter 45
Introducing Commands.......................................................................................................331
45.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 331
45.2 Accessing the CLI ............................................................................................................ 331
45.2.1 The Console Port ................................................................................................... 331
45.3 The Login Screen ........................................................................................................... 332
45.4 Command Syntax Conventions ....................................................................................... 332
45.5 Changing the Password .................................................................................................. 333
45.6 Creating a New IP Interface ............................................................................................ 333
45.7 Privilege Levels ............................................................................................................... 334
45.8 Command Modes ............................................................................................................ 334
45.9 Getting Help ..................................................................................................................... 335
45.9.1 List of Available Commands ................................................................................... 336
45.10 Using Command History ................................................................................................ 337
45.11 Saving Your Configuration ............................................................................................. 337
45.11.1 Switch Configuration File ...................................................................................... 338
45.11.2 Logging Out .......................................................................................................... 338
45.12 Command Summary ...................................................................................................... 338
45.12.1 User Mode ............................................................................................................ 338
45.12.2 Enable Mode ........................................................................................................ 339
45.12.3 General Configuration Mode ................................................................................ 349
45.12.4 interface port-channel Commands ....................................................................... 375
45.12.5 interface route-domain Commands ...................................................................... 380
45.12.6 config-vlan Commands ........................................................................................ 382
45.13 mvr Commands .............................................................................................................383
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Chapter 46
User and Enable Mode Commands..................................................................................... 385
46.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 385
46.2 show Commands .............................................................................................................385
46.2.1 show system-information ...................................................................................... 385
46.2.2 show ip ................................................................................................................... 386
46.2.3 show logging ......................................................................................................... 386
46.2.4 show interface ....................................................................................................... 386
46.2.5 show mac address-table ....................................................................................... 387
46.3 ping ................................................................................................................................. 388
46.4 traceroute ........................................................................................................................ 388
46.5 Copy Port Attributes ........................................................................................................ 389
46.6 Configuration File Maintenance ...................................................................................... 389
46.6.1 Using a Different Configuration File ....................................................................... 390
46.6.2 Resetting to the Factory Default ............................................................................. 390
Chapter 47
Configuration Mode Commands .........................................................................................391
47.1 Enabling IGMP Snooping ................................................................................................ 391
47.2 Configure IGMP Filter ...................................................................................................... 392
47.3 Enabling STP ................................................................................................................... 393
47.4 no Command Examples .................................................................................................. 394
47.4.1 Disable Commands ............................................................................................... 394
47.4.2 Resetting Commands ............................................................................................. 395
47.4.3 Re-enable commands ............................................................................................ 395
47.4.4 Other Examples of no Commands ......................................................................... 395
47.5 Queuing Method Commands ........................................................................................... 397
47.6 Static Route Commands .................................................................................................. 398
47.7 Enabling MAC Filtering ....................................................................................................398
47.8 Enabling Trunking ............................................................................................................ 399
47.9 Enabling Port Authentication ........................................................................................... 400
47.9.1 RADIUS Server Settings ........................................................................................ 400
47.9.2 Port Authentication Settings ................................................................................... 401
Chapter 48
Interface Commands ............................................................................................................403
48.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 403
48.2 Interface Command Examples ........................................................................................ 403
48.2.1 interface port-channel ........................................................................................... 403
48.2.2 IEEE 802.3ah Link Layer Ethernet OAM Implementation ...................................... 403
48.2.3 bpdu-control .......................................................................................................... 405
48.2.4 broadcast-limit ....................................................................................................... 406
48.2.5 bandwidth-limit ...................................................................................................... 406
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48.2.6 mirror ..................................................................................................................... 407
48.2.7 gvrp ....................................................................................................................... 407
48.2.8 ingress-check ........................................................................................................ 408
48.2.9 frame-type .............................................................................................................408
48.2.10 weight .................................................................................................................. 408
48.2.11 egress set ............................................................................................................409
48.2.12 qos priority ............................................................................................................ 409
48.2.13 name .................................................................................................................... 410
48.2.14 speed-duplex ........................................................................................................ 410
48.2.15 test ....................................................................................................................... 410
48.3 Interface no Command Examples ....................................................................................411
48.3.1 no bandwidth-limit ...................................................................................................411
Chapter 49
IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLAN Commands .............................................................................. 413
49.1 Configuring Tagged VLAN ............................................................................................... 413
49.2 Global VLAN1Q Tagged VLAN Configuration Commands .............................................. 414
49.2.1 GARP Status .......................................................................................................... 414
49.2.2 GARP Timer .......................................................................................................... 414
49.2.3 GVRP Timer ........................................................................................................... 415
49.2.4 Enable GVRP ......................................................................................................... 415
49.2.5 Disable GVRP ........................................................................................................ 415
49.3 Port VLAN Commands .................................................................................................... 415
49.3.1 Set Port VID .......................................................................................................... 415
49.3.2 Set Acceptable Frame Type ................................................................................... 416
49.3.3 Enable or Disable Port GVRP ................................................................................ 416
49.3.4 Modify Static VLAN ............................................................................................... 416
49.3.5 Delete VLAN ID ...................................................................................................... 418
49.4 Enable VLAN .................................................................................................................. 418
49.5 Disable VLAN .................................................................................................................. 418
49.6 Show VLAN Setting ........................................................................................................418
Chapter 50
Multicast VLAN Registration Commands...........................................................................421
50.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 421
50.2 Create Multicast VLAN .................................................................................................. 421
Chapter 51
Routing Domain Command Examples................................................................................ 423
51.0.1 interface route-domain ........................................................................................... 423
Chapter 52
Troubleshooting....................................................................................................................425
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52.1 Problems Starting Up the Switch ..................................................................................... 425
52.2 Problems Accessing the Switch ...................................................................................... 425
52.2.1 Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions ........................................... 426
52.3 Problems with the Password ........................................................................................... 431
Part VII: Appendices and Index .......................................................... 433
Appendix A Product Specifications.......................................................................................435
Appendix B IP Addresses and Subnetting ...........................................................................441
Appendix C Legal Information ..............................................................................................449
Appendix D Customer Support............................................................................................. 453
Index....................................................................................................................................... 457
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List of Figures
List of Figures
Figure 1 Backbone Application .............................................................................................................. 37
Figure 2 Bridging Application ................................................................................................................ 38
Figure 3 High Performance Switched Workgroup Application ............................................................... 39
Figure 4 Shared Server Using VLAN Example ...................................................................................... 39
Figure 5 Attaching Rubber Feet ........................................................................................................... 41
Figure 6 Attaching the Mounting Brackets ............................................................................................. 42
Figure 7 Mounting the Switch on a Rack .............................................................................................. 43
Figure 8 Front Panel ............................................................................................................................. 45
Figure 9 Transceiver Installation Example ............................................................................................. 47
Figure 10 Installed Transceiver ............................................................................................................ 47
Figure 11 Opening the Transceiver’s Latch Example ............................................................................ 48
Figure 12 Transceiver Removal Example .............................................................................................. 48
Figure 13 Rear Panel - AC Model ......................................................................................................... 48
Figure 14 Rear Panel - DC Model ........................................................................................................ 48
Figure 15 Web Configurator: Login ....................................................................................................... 54
Figure 16 Web Configurator Home Screen (Status) .............................................................................. 54
Figure 17 Change Administrator Login Password .................................................................................59
Figure 18 Resetting the Switch: Via the Console Port ........................................................................... 61
Figure 19 Web Configurator: Logout Screen ......................................................................................... 61
Figure 20 Initial Setup Network Example: IP Interface .......................................................................... 63
Figure 21 Initial Setup Network Example: VLAN ................................................................................... 65
Figure 22 Initial Setup Network Example: Port VID ............................................................................... 66
Figure 23 Status .................................................................................................................................... 69
Figure 24 Status: Port Details ................................................................................................................ 71
Figure 25 Basic Setting > System Info .................................................................................................. 76
Figure 26 Basic Setting > General Setup .............................................................................................. 77
Figure 27 Basic Setting > Switch Setup ................................................................................................ 80
Figure 28 Basic Setting > IP Setup ......................................................................................................... 82
Figure 29 Basic Setting > Port Setup .................................................................................................... 84
Figure 30 Port VLAN Trunking ............................................................................................................... 91
Figure 31 Switch Setup: Select VLAN Type .......................................................................................... 91
Figure 32 Advanced Application > VLAN: VLAN Status ........................................................................ 92
Figure 33 Advanced Application > VLAN > VLAN Detail ........................................................................ 92
Figure 34 Advanced Application > VLAN > Static VLAN ...................................................................... 93
Figure 35 Advanced Application > VLAN > VLAN Port Setting ............................................................. 95
Figure 36 Subnet Based VLAN Application Example ............................................................................ 96
Figure 37 Advanced Application > VLAN > VLAN Port Setting > Subnet Based VLAN ........................ 97
Figure 38 Protocol Based VLAN Application Example .......................................................................... 99
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Figure 39 Advanced Application > VLAN > VLAN Port Setting > Protocol Based VLAN ...................... 99
Figure 40 Protocol Based VLAN Configuration Example .................................................................... 101
Figure 41 Advanced Application > VLAN: Port Based VLAN Setup (All Connected) .......................... 102
Figure 42 Advanced Application > VLAN: Port Based VLAN Setup (Port Isolation) ........................... 103
Figure 43 Advanced Application > Static MAC Forwarding ................................................................. 105
Figure 44 Advanced Application > Filtering ......................................................................................... 107
Figure 45 MRSTP Network Example ....................................................................................................111
Figure 46 STP/RSTP Network Example ...............................................................................................112
Figure 47 MSTP Network Example ......................................................................................................113
Figure 48 MSTIs in Different Regions ..................................................................................................114
Figure 49 MSTP and Legacy RSTP Network Example ........................................................................114
Figure 50 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol .................................................................115
Figure 51 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Configuration ........................................115
Figure 52 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > RSTP ....................................................116
Figure 53 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Status: RSTP ........................................118
Figure 54 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > MRSTP .................................................119
Figure 55 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Status: MRSTP .................................... 121
Figure 56 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > MSTP .................................................. 123
Figure 57 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Status: MSTP ...................................... 126
Figure 58 Advanced Application > Bandwidth Control ........................................................................ 130
Figure 59 Advanced Application > Broadcast Storm Control .............................................................. 131
Figure 60 Advanced Application > Mirroring ........................................................................................ 133
Figure 61 Advanced Application > Link Aggregation Status ................................................................ 136
Figure 62 Advanced Application > Link Aggregation > Link Aggregation Setting ............................... 137
Figure 63 Advanced Application > Link Aggregation > Link Aggregation Setting > LACP .................. 139
Figure 64 Trunking Example - Physical Connections ........................................................................... 140
Figure 65 Trunking Example - Configuration Screen ............................................................................ 141
Figure 66 IEEE 802.1x Authentication Process .................................................................................. 144
Figure 67 MAC Authentication Process .............................................................................................. 144
Figure 68 Advanced Application > Port Authentication ....................................................................... 145
Figure 69 Advanced Application > Port Authentication > 802.1x ........................................................ 145
Figure 70 Advanced Application > Port Authentication > MAC Authentication ................................... 147
Figure 71 Advanced Application > Port Security ................................................................................. 150
Figure 72 Advanced Application > Classifier ....................................................................................... 154
Figure 73 Advanced Application > Classifier: Summary Table ............................................................ 156
Figure 74 Classifier: Example .............................................................................................................. 158
Figure 75 Advanced Application > Policy Rule ................................................................................... 160
Figure 76 Advanced Application > Policy Rule: Summary Table ......................................................... 162
Figure 77 Policy Example .................................................................................................................... 163
Figure 78 Advanced Application > Queuing Method ........................................................................... 167
Figure 79 VLAN Stacking Example ..................................................................................................... 170
Figure 80 Advanced Application > VLAN Stacking .............................................................................. 172
Figure 81 Advanced Application > Multicast ........................................................................................ 176
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Figure 82 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting ......................................................... 177
Figure 83 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > IGMP Snooping VLAN ................. 179
Figure 84 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > IGMP Filtering Profile ................... 180
Figure 85 MVR Network Example ....................................................................................................... 181
Figure 86 MVR Multicast Television Example ..................................................................................... 182
Figure 87 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > MVR ............................................. 183
Figure 88 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > MVR: Group Configuration ............ 185
Figure 89 MVR Configuration Example ............................................................................................... 186
Figure 90 MVR Configuration Example ............................................................................................... 186
Figure 91 MVR Group Configuration Example ................................................................................... 187
Figure 92 MVR Group Configuration Example .................................................................................... 187
Figure 93 AAA Server ......................................................................................................................... 189
Figure 94 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct ............................................................................... 190
Figure 95 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > RADIUS Server Setup ........................................ 191
Figure 96 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > TACACS+ Server Setup ..................................... 193
Figure 97 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > Auth and Acct Setup .......................................... 195
Figure 98 DHCP Snooping Database File Format ............................................................................... 204
Figure 99 Example: Man-in-the-middle Attack ..................................................................................... 205
Figure 100 IP Source Guard ................................................................................................................. 207
Figure 101 IP Source Guard Static Binding .......................................................................................... 208
Figure 102 DHCP Snooping ................................................................................................................. 209
Figure 103 DHCP Snooping Configure ................................................................................................ 212
Figure 104 DHCP Snooping Port Configure ......................................................................................... 214
Figure 105 DHCP Snooping VLAN Configure ...................................................................................... 215
Figure 106 ARP Inspection Status ........................................................................................................ 216
Figure 107 ARP Inspection VLAN Status ............................................................................................. 217
Figure 108 ARP Inspection Log Status ................................................................................................. 218
Figure 109 ARP Inspection Configure .................................................................................................. 219
Figure 110 ARP Inspection Port Configure ........................................................................................... 220
Figure 111 ARP Inspection VLAN Configure ........................................................................................ 221
Figure 112 Loop Guard vs STP ............................................................................................................ 223
Figure 113 Switch in Loop State ........................................................................................................... 224
Figure 114 Loop Guard - Probe Packet ................................................................................................ 224
Figure 115 Loop Guard - Network Loop ............................................................................................... 224
Figure 116 Advanced Application > Loop Guard .................................................................................. 225
Figure 117 IP Application > Static Routing .......................................................................................... 229
Figure 118 IP Application > RIP ........................................................................................................... 232
Figure 119 OSPF Network Example ..................................................................................................... 234
Figure 120 OSPF Router Election Example ......................................................................................... 235
Figure 121 IP Application > OSPF Status ............................................................................................ 236
Figure 122 IP Application > OSPF Configuration: Activating and General Settings ............................ 238
Figure 123 IP Application > OSPF Configuration: Area Setup ............................................................ 239
Figure 124 IP Application > OSPF Configuration: Summary Table ..................................................... 240
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List of Figures
Figure 125 IP Application > OSPF Configuration > OSPF Interface ................................................... 241
Figure 126 IP Application > OSPF Configuration > OSPF Virtual Link ............................................... 242
Figure 127 IP Multicast ........................................................................................................................ 245
Figure 128 IGMP Version 1 Example .................................................................................................. 246
Figure 129 IGMP Version 2 Example .................................................................................................. 247
Figure 130 IGMP Version 3 Example .................................................................................................. 247
Figure 131 IP Application > IGMP ....................................................................................................... 248
Figure 132 How DVMRP Works .......................................................................................................... 250
Figure 133 IP Application > DVMRP ................................................................................................... 250
Figure 134 DVMRP: IGMP/RIP Not Set Error ..................................................................................... 251
Figure 135 DVMRP: Unable to Disable IGMP Error ............................................................................ 251
Figure 136 DVMRP: Duplicate VID Error Message ............................................................................. 252
Figure 137 IP Application > IP Multicast .............................................................................................. 253
Figure 138 DiffServ: Differentiated Service Field .................................................................................. 255
Figure 139 DiffServ Network ............................................................................................................... 256
Figure 140 TRTCM - Color-blind Mode ............................................................................................... 257
Figure 141 TRTCM - Color-aware Mode ............................................................................................. 257
Figure 142 IP Application > DiffServ .................................................................................................... 258
Figure 143 IP Application > DiffServ > 2-rate 3 Color Marker ............................................................. 259
Figure 144 IP Application > DiffServ > DSCP Setting ......................................................................... 260
Figure 145 IP Application > DHCP Status ........................................................................................... 264
Figure 146 IP Application > DHCP > DHCP Server Status Detail ....................................................... 264
Figure 147 IP Application > DHCP > Global ........................................................................................ 266
Figure 148 Global DHCP Relay Network Example ............................................................................. 267
Figure 149 DHCP Relay Configuration Example ................................................................................. 267
Figure 150 IP Application > DHCP > VLAN ....................................................................................... 268
Figure 151 DHCP Relay for Two VLANs ............................................................................................. 270
Figure 152 DHCP Relay for Two VLANs Configuration Example ........................................................ 270
Figure 153 VRRP: Example 1 ............................................................................................................. 271
Figure 154 IP Application > VRRP Status ........................................................................................... 272
Figure 155 IP Application > VRRP Configuration > IP Interface ......................................................... 273
Figure 156 IP Application > VRRP Configuration > VRRP Parameters .............................................. 275
Figure 157 VRRP Configuration: Summary ......................................................................................... 276
Figure 158 VRRP Configuration Example: One Virtual Router Network ............................................. 277
Figure 159 VRRP Example 1: VRRP Parameter Settings on Switch A ............................................... 277
Figure 160 VRRP Example 1: VRRP Parameter Settings on Switch B ............................................... 277
Figure 161 VRRP Example 1: VRRP Status on Switch A ................................................................... 277
Figure 162 VRRP Example 1: VRRP Status on Switch B ................................................................... 278
Figure 163 VRRP Configuration Example: Two Virtual Router Network ............................................. 278
Figure 164 VRRP Example 2: VRRP Parameter Settings for VR2 on Switch A ................................. 278
Figure 165 VRRP Example 2: VRRP Parameter Settings for VR2 on Switch B ................................. 279
Figure 166 VRRP Example 2: VRRP Status on Switch A ................................................................... 279
Figure 167 VRRP Example 2: VRRP Status on Switch B ................................................................... 279
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List of Figures
Figure 168 Management > Maintenance ............................................................................................ 283
Figure 169 Load Factory Default: Start ................................................................................................ 284
Figure 170 Reboot System: Confirmation ........................................................................................... 285
Figure 171 Management > Maintenance > Firmware Upgrade .......................................................... 285
Figure 172 Management > Maintenance > Restore Configuration ...................................................... 286
Figure 173 Management > Maintenance > Backup Configuration ...................................................... 286
Figure 174 Management > Access Control ......................................................................................... 289
Figure 175 SNMP Management Model .............................................................................................. 290
Figure 176 Management > Access Control > SNMP ........................................................................... 295
Figure 177 Management > Access Control > SNMP > Trap Group .................................................... 297
Figure 178 Management > Access Control > Logins .......................................................................... 298
Figure 179 SSH Communication Example ...........................................................................................299
Figure 180 How SSH Works ................................................................................................................. 299
Figure 181 HTTPS Implementation ...................................................................................................... 301
Figure 182 Security Alert Dialog Box (Internet Explorer) ...................................................................... 301
Figure 183 Security Certificate 1 (Netscape) ........................................................................................ 302
Figure 184 Security Certificate 2 (Netscape) ........................................................................................ 302
Figure 185 Example: Lock Denoting a Secure Connection .................................................................. 303
Figure 186 Management > Access Control > Service Access Control ................................................ 303
Figure 187 Management > Access Control > Remote Management .................................................. 304
Figure 188 Management > Diagnostic ................................................................................................. 307
Figure 189 Management > Syslog ....................................................................................................... 310
Figure 190 Management > Syslog > Server Setup ..............................................................................311
Figure 191 Clustering Application Example ......................................................................................... 314
Figure 192 Management > Cluster Management ................................................................................ 314
Figure 193 Cluster Management: Cluster Member Web Configurator Screen .................................... 315
Figure 194 Example: Uploading Firmware to a Cluster Member Switch ............................................. 316
Figure 195 Management > Clustering Management > Configuration ................................................. 317
Figure 196 MAC Table Flowchart ........................................................................................................ 319
Figure 197 Management > MAC Table ................................................................................................ 320
Figure 198 IP Table Flowchart ............................................................................................................. 321
Figure 199 Management > IP Table .................................................................................................... 322
Figure 200 Management > ARP Table ................................................................................................ 324
Figure 201 Management > Routing Table .......................................................................................... 325
Figure 202 Management > Configure Clone .......................................................................................327
Figure 203 no port-access-authenticator Command Example ............................................................ 396
Figure 204 Pop-up Blocker ................................................................................................................... 426
Figure 205 Internet Options ................................................................................................................. 427
Figure 206 Internet Options .................................................................................................................. 428
Figure 207 Pop-up Blocker Settings ..................................................................................................... 428
Figure 208 Internet Options .................................................................................................................. 429
Figure 209 Security Settings - Java Scripting ....................................................................................... 430
Figure 210 Security Settings - Java ...................................................................................................... 430
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List of Figures
Figure 211 Java (Sun) .......................................................................................................................... 431
Figure 212 Network Number and Host ID ............................................................................................ 442
Figure 213 Subnetting Example: Before Subnetting ............................................................................ 444
Figure 214 Subnetting Example: After Subnetting ............................................................................... 445
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