ES-2048
Intelligent Layer 2 Switch
48-port Fast Ethernet +
2 GbE Dual Personality Interfaces (Copper/SFP)
User’s Guide
Version 3.70
8/2006
Edition 1
ES-2048 User’s Guide
Copyright
Copyright © 2006 by ZyXEL Communications Corporation.
The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole, transcribed,
stored in a retrieval system, translated into any language, or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, photocopying, manual, or
otherwise, without the prior written permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation.
Published by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. All rights reserved.
Disclaimer
ZyXEL does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any products, or
software described herein. Neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the
patent rights of others. ZyXEL further reserves the right to make changes in any products
described herein without notice. This publication is subject to change without notice.
Trademarks
ZyNOS (ZyXEL Network Operating System) is a registered trademark of ZyXEL
Communications, Inc. Other trademarks mentioned in this publication are used for
identification purposes only and may be properties of their respective owners.
Copyright 1
ES-2048 User’s Guide
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement
This device complies with Part 15 of FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions:
• This device may not cause harmful interference.
• This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause
undesired operations.
FCC Warning
This device has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital switch,
pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable
protection against harmful interference in a commercial environment. This device generates,
uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with
the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of
this device in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user
will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.
Certifications
CE Mark Warning:
This is a class A product. In a domestic environment this product may cause radio interference
in which case the user may be required to take adequate measures.
Taiwanese BSMI (Bureau of Standards, Metrology and Inspection) A
Warning:
Notices
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance
could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.
This Class A digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.
Cet appareil numérique de la classe A est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du Canada.
Viewing Certifications
1 Go to http://www.zyxel.com.
2 Certifications
ES-2048 User’s Guide
2 Select your product from the drop-down list box on the ZyXEL home page to go to that
product's page.
3 Select the certification you wish to view from this page.
Certifications 3
ES-2048 User’s Guide
For your safety, be sure to read and follow all warning notices and instructions.
• Do NOT use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming
pool.
• Do NOT expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids.
• Do NOT store things on the device.
• Do NOT install, use, or service this device during a thunderstorm. There is a remote risk
of electric shock from lightning.
• Connect ONLY suitable accessories to the device.
• Do NOT open the device or unit. Opening or removing covers can expose you to
dangerous high voltage points or other risks. ONLY qualified service personnel should
service or disassemble this device. Please contact your vendor for further information.
Make sure to connect the cables to the correct ports.
• Place connecting cables carefully so that no one will step on them or stumble over them.
• Always disconnect all cables from this device before servicing or disassembling.
• Use ONLY an appropriate power adaptor or cord for your device.
• Connect the power adaptor or cord to the right supply voltage (for example, 110V AC in
North America or 230V AC in Europe).
• Do NOT allow anything to rest on the power adaptor or cord and do NOT place the
product where anyone can walk on the power adaptor or cord.
• Do NOT use the device if the power adaptor or cord is damaged as it might cause
electrocution.
• If the power adaptor or cord is damaged, remove it from the power outlet.
• Do NOT attempt to repair the power adaptor or cord. Contact your local vendor to order a
new one.
• Do not use the device outside, and make sure all the connections are indoors. There is a
remote risk of electric shock from lightning.
• CAUTION: RISK OF EXPLOSION IF BATTERY (on the motherboard) IS REPLACED
BY AN INCORRECT TYPE. DISPOSE OF USED BATTERIES ACCORDING TO
THE INSTRUCTIONS. Dispose them at the applicable collection point for the recycling
of electrical and electronic equipment. For detailed information about recycling of this
product, please contact your local city office, your household waste disposal service or
the store where you purchased the product.
• Do NOT obstruct the device ventilation slots, as insufficient airflow may harm your
device.
• The length of exposed (bare) power wire should not exceed 7mm.
Safety Warnings
4 Safety Warnings
This product is recyclable. Dispose of it properly.
ES-2048 User’s Guide
Safety Warnings 5
ES-2048 User’s Guide
ZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any defects
in materials or workmanship for a period of up to two years from the date of purchase. During
the warranty period, and upon proof of purchase, should the product have indications of failure
due to faulty workmanship and/or materials, ZyXEL will, at its discretion, repair or replace the
defective products or components without charge for either parts or labor, and to whatever
extent it shall deem necessary to restore the product or components to proper operating
condition. Any replacement will consist of a new or re-manufactured functionally equivalent
product of equal or higher value, and will be solely at the discretion of ZyXEL. This warranty
shall not apply if the product has been modified, misused, tampered with, damaged by an act
of God, or subjected to abnormal working conditions.
Note
Repair or replacement, as provided under this warranty, is the exclusive remedy of the
purchaser. This warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, express or implied, including any
implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose. ZyXEL shall in
no event be held liable for indirect or consequential damages of any kind to the purchaser.
ZyXEL Limited Warranty
To obtain the services of this warranty, contact ZyXEL's Service Center for your Return
Material Authorization number (RMA). Products must be returned Postage Prepaid. It is
recommended that the unit be insured when shipped. Any returned products without proof of
purchase or those with an out-dated warranty will be repaired or replaced (at the discretion of
ZyXEL) and the customer will be billed for parts and labor. All repaired or replaced products
will be shipped by ZyXEL to the corresponding return address, Postage Paid. This warranty
gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights that vary from country to
country.
Registration
Register your product online to receive e-mail notices of firmware upgrades and information
at www.zyxel.com for global products, or at www.us.zyxel.com for North American products.
6 ZyXEL Limited Warranty
ES-2048 User’s Guide
Customer Support
Please have the following information ready when you contact customer support.
• Product model and serial number.
• Warranty Information.
• Date that you received your device.
• Brief description of the problem and the steps you took to solve it.
METHOD
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ftp.europe.zyxel.com
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+1-714-632-0882
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www.us.zyxel.com ZyXEL Communications Inc.
REGULAR MAIL
ZyXEL Communications Corp.
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Customer Support 7
ES-2048 User’s Guide
METHOD
LOCATION
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SPAIN
SWEDEN
UKRAINE
UNITED KINGDOM
SUPPORT E-MAIL TELEPHONE WEB SITE
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sales@zyxel.no +47-22-80-61-81
info@pl.zyxel.com +48 (22) 333 8250 www.pl.zyxel.com ZyXEL Communications
+48 (22) 333 8251
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sales@zyxel.ru +7-095-542-89-25
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support@zyxel.se +46-31-744-7700 www.zyxel.se ZyXEL Communications A/S
sales@zyxel.se +46-31-744-7701
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sales@ua.zyxel.com +380-44-494-49-32
support@zyxel.co.uk +44-1344 303044
08707 555779 (UK only)
sales@zyxel.co.uk +44-1344 303034 ftp.zyxel.co.uk
www.zyxel.co.uk ZyXEL Communications UK
REGULAR MAIL
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Ltd.,11 The Courtyard,
Eastern Road, Bracknell,
Berkshire, RG12 2XB,
United Kingdom (UK)
+” is the (prefix) number you enter to make an international telephone call.
8 Customer Support
ES-2048 User’s Guide
Table of Contents
Copyright ..................................................................................................................1
Certifications ............................................................................................................2
Safety Warnings ....................................................................................................... 4
ZyXEL Limited Warranty.......................................................................................... 6
Customer Support.................................................................................................... 7
Table of Contents ..................................................................................................... 9
List of Figures ........................................................................................................ 19
List of Tables .......................................................................................................... 23
Preface ....................................................................................................................27
Chapter 1
Getting to Know Your Switch ................................................................................ 29
1.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................29
1.2 Software Features ..............................................................................................29
1.3 Hardware Features ............................................................................................32
1.4 Applications ........................................................................................................33
1.4.1 Backbone Application ...............................................................................33
1.4.2 Bridging Example ......................................................................................34
1.4.3 High Performance Switched Example ......................................................34
1.4.4 IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Application Examples ...............................................35
1.4.4.1 Tag-based VLAN Example ..............................................................35
1.4.4.2 VLAN Shared Server Example ........................................................36
Chapter 2
Hardware Installation and Connection................................................................. 37
2.1 Freestanding Installation ...................................................................................37
2.2 Mounting the Switch on a Rack .........................................................................38
2.2.1 Rack-mounted Installation Requirements .................................................38
2.2.1.1 Precautions ....................................................................................38
2.2.2 Attaching the Mounting Brackets to the Switch ........................................38
2.2.3 Mounting the Switch on a Rack ................................................................38
Table of Contents 9
ES-2048 User’s Guide
Chapter 3
Hardware Overview................................................................................................ 41
3.1 Panel Connections ............................................................................................41
3.2 LEDs ..............................................................................................................45
Chapter 4
The Web Configurator............................................................................................ 47
4.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................47
4.2 System Login ..................................................................................................47
4.3 The Status Screen .........................................................................................48
4.4 Menu Overview ..................................................................................................49
4.5 Saving Your Configuration ..................................................................................52
4.6 Switch Lockout .................................................................................................53
4.7 Resetting the Switch .......................................................................................53
4.8 Logging Out of the Web Configurator ...............................................................56
4.9 Help ..................................................................................................................56
3.1.1 Console Port ............................................................................................42
3.1.2 Ethernet Ports ...........................................................................................42
3.1.2.1 Default Ethernet Settings ................................................................42
3.1.3 Mini-GBIC Slots .......................................................................................43
3.1.3.1 Transceiver Installation ................................................................43
3.1.3.2 Transceiver Removal ...................................................................44
3.1.4 Power Connector ......................................................................................44
4.4.1 Change Your Password .........................................................................52
4.7.1 Reload the Configuration File .................................................................53
4.7.2 Reset to the Factory Defaults ...................................................................55
Chapter 5
Initial Setup Example ............................................................................................. 57
5.1 Overview ............................................................................................................57
5.1.1 Creating a VLAN .......................................................................................57
5.1.2 Setting Port VID ........................................................................................58
5.2 Configuring Switch Management IP Address .....................................................59
Chapter 6
System Status and Port Statistics ........................................................................ 61
6.1 Overview ............................................................................................................61
6.2 Port Status Summary .....................................................................................61
6.2.1 Status: Port Details ...............................................................................63
Chapter 7
Basic Setting ......................................................................................................... 67
7.1 Overview ............................................................................................................67
10 Table of Contents
ES-2048 User’s Guide
7.2 System Information ........................................................................................67
7.3 General Setup ...............................................................................................69
7.4 Introduction to VLANs ......................................................................................71
7.5 Switch Setup Screen .......................................................................................72
7.6 IP Setup ..........................................................................................................74
7.6.1 Management IP Addresses ......................................................................74
7.7 Port Setup .......................................................................................................77
Chapter 8
VLAN ....................................................................................................................... 81
8.1 Introduction to IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLAN ..................................................81
8.1.1 Forwarding Tagged and Untagged Frames ..............................................81
8.2 Automatic VLAN Registration ...........................................................................82
8.2.1 GARP ........................................................................................................82
8.2.1.1 GARP Timers .................................................................................82
8.2.2 GVRP ........................................................................................................82
8.3 Port VLAN Trunking .........................................................................................83
8.4 Select the VLAN Type .......................................................................................83
8.5 Static VLAN ........................................................................................................84
8.5.1 Static VLAN Status ....................................................................................84
8.5.2 Static VLAN Details ...................................................................................85
8.5.3 Configure a Static VLAN ........................................................................86
8.5.4 Configure VLAN Port Settings ...............................................................88
8.6 Protocol Based VLANs ......................................................................................90
8.7 Configuring Protocol Based VLAN ...................................................................91
8.8 Create an IP-based VLAN Example ...................................................................93
8.9 Port Based VLAN Setup ................................................................................94
8.9.1 Configure a Port Based VLAN ..................................................................94
Chapter 9
Static MAC Forwarding.......................................................................................... 99
9.1 Overview ............................................................................................................99
9.2 Configuring Static MAC Forwarding ..............................................................99
Chapter 10
Filtering ................................................................................................................. 103
10.1 Configure a Filtering Rule ...........................................................................103
Chapter 11
Spanning Tree Protocol ....................................................................................... 105
11.1 STP/RSTP Overview ....................................................................................105
11.1.1 STP Terminology ..................................................................................105
11.1.2 How STP Works ...................................................................................106
Table of Contents 11
ES-2048 User’s Guide
11.2 Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol Status .......................................................107
11.3 Configure Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol ....................................................108
Chapter 12
Bandwidth Control ............................................................................................... 113
12.1 Bandwidth Control Overview .......................................................................... 113
12.2 Bandwidth Control Setup ...............................................................................113
Chapter 13
Broadcast Storm Control..................................................................................... 117
13.1 Broadcast Storm Control Overview ...............................................................117
13.2 Broadcast Storm Control Setup ......................................................................117
Chapter 14
Mirroring ............................................................................................................... 121
11.1.3 STP Port States ...................................................................................106
12.1.1 CIR and PIR ..........................................................................................113
14.1 Port Mirroring Setup ......................................................................................121
Chapter 15
Link Aggregation.................................................................................................. 125
15.1 Link Aggregation Overview ...........................................................................125
15.2 Dynamic Link Aggregation ...........................................................................125
15.2.1 Link Aggregation ID .............................................................................126
15.3 Link Aggregation Control Protocol Status .....................................................126
15.4 Link Aggregation Setup ................................................................................127
Chapter 16
Port Authentication.............................................................................................. 131
16.1 Port Authentication Overview ........................................................................131
16.1.1 RADIUS ...............................................................................................131
16.1.1.1 Vendor Specific Attribute .............................................................131
16.1.1.2 Tunnel Protocol Attribute .............................................................132
16.2 Port Authentication Configuration ..................................................................132
16.2.1 Configuring RADIUS Server Settings ................................................133
16.2.2 Activate IEEE 802.1x Security ...........................................................134
Chapter 17
Port Security......................................................................................................... 137
17.1 Port Security Setup .......................................................................................137
17.2 Port Security Setup ........................................................................................137
12 Table of Contents
ES-2048 User’s Guide
Chapter 18
Queuing Method................................................................................................... 141
18.1 Queuing Method Overview .............................................................................141
18.1.1 Strictly Priority .......................................................................................141
18.1.2 Weighted Fair Queuing .........................................................................141
18.1.3 Weighted Round Robin Scheduling (WRR) ..........................................142
18.2 Configuring Queuing ......................................................................................142
Chapter 19
Multicast................................................................................................................ 145
19.1 Multicast Overview ........................................................................................145
19.1.1 IP Multicast Addresses .........................................................................145
19.1.2 IGMP Filtering .......................................................................................145
19.1.3 IGMP Snooping ...................................................................................145
19.2 Multicast Status .............................................................................................146
19.3 Multicast Settings ..........................................................................................146
19.4 IGMP Filtering Profile ....................................................................................149
19.5 MVR Overview ..............................................................................................151
19.5.1 Types of MVR Ports ..............................................................................151
19.5.2 MVR Modes ..........................................................................................151
19.5.3 How MVR Works ..................................................................................152
19.6 General MVR Configuration ...........................................................................152
19.7 MVR Group Configuration .............................................................................155
19.7.1 MVR Configuration Example ................................................................156
Chapter 20
DHCP Relay .......................................................................................................... 159
20.1 DHCP Relay Overview ...................................................................................159
20.1.1 DHCP Relay Agent Information ............................................................159
20.2 DHCP Relay Configuration ...........................................................................159
Chapter 21
Static Route .......................................................................................................... 161
21.1 Configure Static Routing ...............................................................................161
Chapter 22
DiffServ Code Point ............................................................................................. 163
22.1 DiffServ Overview .........................................................................................163
22.1.1 DSCP and Per-Hop Behavior ..............................................................163
22.1.2 DiffServ Network Example ...................................................................163
22.2 Activating DiffServ .........................................................................................164
22.3 DSCP-to-IEEE802.1p Priority Mapping Settings .......................................166
22.3.1 Configuring DSCP Settings ..................................................................166
Table of Contents 13
ES-2048 User’s Guide
Chapter 23
Maintenance ......................................................................................................... 169
23.1 The Maintenance Screen .............................................................................169
23.2 Load Factory Default .....................................................................................170
23.3 Save Configuration .........................................................................................170
23.4 Reboot System ...............................................................................................171
23.5 Firmware Upgrade ......................................................................................171
23.6 Restore a Configuration File .......................................................................172
23.7 Backup a Configuration File ........................................................................172
23.8 FTP Command Line .......................................................................................173
Chapter 24
Access Control..................................................................................................... 177
23.8.1 Filename Conventions .........................................................................173
23.8.1.1 Example FTP Commands ...........................................................174
23.8.2 FTP Command Line Procedure ...........................................................174
23.8.3 GUI-based FTP Clients .........................................................................175
23.8.4 FTP Restrictions ..................................................................................175
24.1 Access Control Overview ...........................................................................177
24.2 The Access Control Main Screen ...................................................................177
24.3 About SNMP ................................................................................................178
24.3.1 Supported MIBs ..................................................................................179
24.3.2 SNMP Traps .......................................................................................179
24.3.3 Configuring SNMP ...............................................................................180
24.4 Setting Up Login Accounts .........................................................................180
24.5 SSH Overview ................................................................................................182
24.6 How SSH works .............................................................................................182
24.7 SSH Implementation on the Switch ................................................................183
24.7.1 Requirements for Using SSH ................................................................184
24.8 Introduction to HTTPS ....................................................................................184
24.9 HTTPS Example ............................................................................................185
24.9.1 Internet Explorer Warning Messages ...................................................185
24.9.2 Netscape Navigator Warning Messages ...............................................185
24.9.3 The Main Screen ..................................................................................186
24.10 Service Port Access Control .....................................................................187
24.11 Remote Management ..............................................................................188
Chapter 25
Diagnostic............................................................................................................. 191
25.1 Diagnostic .....................................................................................................191
14 Table of Contents
ES-2048 User’s Guide
Chapter 26
Syslog ................................................................................................................... 193
26.1 Overview ........................................................................................................193
26.2 Syslog Setup .................................................................................................193
26.3 Syslog Server Setup .....................................................................................194
Chapter 27
Cluster Management............................................................................................ 197
27.1 Clustering Management Status Overview .....................................................197
27.2 Clustering Management Status .....................................................................198
27.2.1 Cluster Member Switch Management ..................................................199
27.2.1.1 Uploading Firmware to a Cluster Member Switch .....................200
27.3 Clustering Management Configuration .........................................................201
Chapter 28
MAC Table ............................................................................................................. 205
28.1 MAC Table Overview .....................................................................................205
28.2 Viewing the MAC Table .................................................................................206
Chapter 29
ARP Table.............................................................................................................. 207
29.1 ARP Table Overview .....................................................................................207
29.1.1 How ARP Works ...................................................................................207
29.2 Viewing the ARP Table ..................................................................................207
Chapter 30
Configure Clone ................................................................................................... 209
30.1 Configure Clone Settings ..............................................................................209
Chapter 31
Introducing Commands...................................................................................... 211
31.1 Overview ........................................................................................................211
31.2 Accessing the CLI .......................................................................................... 211
31.2.1 The Console Port ..................................................................................211
31.2.1.1 Initial Screen ...............................................................................212
31.3 The Login Screen ...........................................................................................212
31.4 Command Syntax Conventions ......................................................................212
31.5 Changing the Password .................................................................................213
31.6 Privilege Levels ..............................................................................................213
31.7 Command Modes ...........................................................................................214
31.8 Getting Help ...................................................................................................215
31.8.1 List of Available Commands .................................................................216
31.9 Using Command History ................................................................................217
Table of Contents 15
ES-2048 User’s Guide
31.10 Saving Your Configuration ............................................................................217
31.11 Command Summary ....................................................................................218
Chapter 32
User and Enable Mode Commands ................................................................... 241
32.1 Overview ........................................................................................................241
32.2 show Commands ...........................................................................................241
32.3 ping ................................................................................................................244
32.4 traceroute .......................................................................................................244
32.5 Copy Port Attributes .......................................................................................245
32.6 Configuration File Maintenance .....................................................................246
31.10.1 Switch Configuration File ....................................................................217
31.10.2 Logging Out ........................................................................................218
31.11.1 User Mode ..........................................................................................218
31.11.2 Enable Mode .......................................................................................219
31.11.3 General Configuration Mode ...............................................................224
31.11.4 interface port-channel Commands ......................................................233
31.11.5 config-vlan Commands .......................................................................237
31.11.6 mvr Commands ...................................................................................238
32.2.1 show system-information ......................................................................241
32.2.2 show ip ..................................................................................................242
32.2.3 show logging .........................................................................................242
32.2.4 show interface .......................................................................................242
32.2.5 show mac address-table .......................................................................243
32.6.1 Using a Different Configuration File ......................................................246
32.6.2 Resetting to the Factory Default ...........................................................247
Chapter 33
Configuration Mode Commands......................................................................... 249
33.1 Enabling IGMP Snooping ...............................................................................249
33.2 Configure IGMP Filter ....................................................................................250
33.3 Enabling STP .................................................................................................251
33.4 no Command Examples .................................................................................252
33.4.1 Disable Commands .............................................................................252
33.4.2 Resetting Commands ...........................................................................253
33.4.3 Re-enable commands ...........................................................................253
33.4.4 Other Examples of no Commands ........................................................253
33.4.4.1 no trunk .......................................................................................254
33.4.4.2 no port-access-authenticator .......................................................254
33.4.4.3 no ssh ..........................................................................................255
33.5 Queuing Method Commands .........................................................................255
33.6 Static Route Commands ................................................................................256
33.7 Enabling MAC Filtering ..................................................................................257
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ES-2048 User’s Guide
33.8 Enabling Trunking ..........................................................................................258
33.9 Enabling Port Authentication ..........................................................................259
33.9.1 RADIUS Server Settings .......................................................................259
33.9.2 Port Authentication Settings .................................................................260
Chapter 34
Interface Commands............................................................................................ 263
34.1 Overview ........................................................................................................263
34.2 Interface Command Examples .......................................................................263
34.2.1 interface port-channel ...........................................................................263
34.2.2 bpdu-control ..........................................................................................263
34.2.3 broadcast-limit ......................................................................................264
34.2.4 bandwidth-limit ......................................................................................264
34.2.5 mirror ....................................................................................................265
34.2.6 gvrp .......................................................................................................266
34.2.7 ingress-check ........................................................................................266
34.2.8 frame-type .............................................................................................267
34.2.9 weight ...................................................................................................267
34.2.10 egress set ...........................................................................................268
34.2.11 qos priority ..........................................................................................268
34.2.12 name ...................................................................................................269
34.2.13 speed-duplex ......................................................................................269
34.2.14 test ......................................................................................................269
34.3 Interface no Command Examples ..................................................................270
34.3.1 no bandwidth-limit .................................................................................270
Chapter 35
IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLAN Commands ............................................................. 271
35.1 Configuring Tagged VLAN ..............................................................................271
35.2 Global VLAN1Q Tagged VLAN Configuration Commands .............................272
35.2.1 GARP Status .........................................................................................272
35.2.2 GARP Timer .........................................................................................272
35.2.3 GVRP Timer .........................................................................................273
35.2.4 Enable GVRP .......................................................................................273
35.2.5 Disable GVRP .......................................................................................273
35.3 Port VLAN Commands ...................................................................................273
35.3.1 Set Port VID ..........................................................................................274
35.3.2 Set Acceptable Frame Type .................................................................274
35.3.3 Enable or Disable Port GVRP ...............................................................274
35.3.4 Modify Static VLAN ...............................................................................275
35.3.4.1 Modify a Static VLAN Table Example ..........................................275
35.3.4.2 Forwarding Process Example .....................................................275
35.3.5 Delete VLAN ID ....................................................................................276
Table of Contents 17
ES-2048 User’s Guide
35.4 Enable VLAN .................................................................................................276
35.5 Disable VLAN .................................................................................................277
35.6 Show VLAN Setting .......................................................................................277
Chapter 36
Multicast VLAN Registration Commands .......................................................... 279
36.1 Overview ........................................................................................................279
36.2 Create Multicast VLAN ...................................................................................279
Chapter 37
Troubleshooting ................................................................................................... 281
37.1 Problems Starting Up the Switch ....................................................................281
37.2 Problems Accessing the Switch .....................................................................281
37.3 Problems with the Password ..........................................................................289
37.2.1 Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions ..........................282
37.2.1.1 Internet Explorer Pop-up Blockers ..............................................282
37.2.1.2 JavaScripts ..................................................................................285
37.2.1.3 Java Permissions ........................................................................287
Appendix A
Product Specifications ........................................................................................ 291
Appendix B
IP Addresses and Subnetting ............................................................................. 295
Index...................................................................................................................... 303
18 Table of Contents
ES-2048 User’s Guide
List of Figures
Figure 1 Backbone Application ............................................................................. 34
Figure 2 Bridging Application ............................................................................... 34
Figure 3 High Performance Switched Application ................................................. 35
Figure 4 Tag-based VLAN Application .................................................................. 36
Figure 5 Shared Server Using VLAN Example ..................................................... 36
Figure 6 Attaching Rubber Feet ........................................................................... 37
Figure 7 Attaching the Mounting Brackets ............................................................ 38
Figure 8 Mounting the Switch on a Rack ............................................................. 39
Figure 9 Front Panel ............................................................................................ 41
Figure 10 Rear Panel ........................................................................................... 41
Figure 11 Transceiver Installation Example .......................................................... 43
Figure 12 Installed Transceiver ............................................................................ 44
Figure 13 Opening the Transceiver’s Latch Example ........................................... 44
Figure 14 Transceiver Removal Example ............................................................. 44
Figure 15 Web Configurator: Login ....................................................................... 47
Figure 16 Web Configurator Home Screen (Status) .............................................. 48
Figure 17 Change Administrator Login Password ................................................. 52
Figure 18 Example Xmodem Upload ..................................................................... 54
Figure 19 Reload the Configuration file: Via Console Port ................................... 55
Figure 20 Resetting the Switch: Via the Console Port .......................................... 56
Figure 21 Web Configurator: Logout Screen ........................................................ 56
Figure 22 Initial Setup Network Example: VLAN ................................................... 57
Figure 23 Initial Setup Network Example: Port VID .............................................. 59
Figure 24 Initial Setup Example: Management IP Address ................................... 59
Figure 25 Status .................................................................................................... 62
Figure 26 Status: Port Details ............................................................................... 64
Figure 27 System Info ........................................................................................... 68
Figure 28 General Setup ....................................................................................... 70
Figure 29 Switch Setup ......................................................................................... 72
Figure 30 IP Setup ................................................................................................ 75
Figure 31 Port Setup ............................................................................................. 78
Figure 32 Port VLAN Trunking .............................................................................. 83
Figure 33 Switch Setup: Select VLAN Type .......................................................... 84
Figure 34 VLAN: VLAN Status .............................................................................. 84
Figure 35 Static VLAN Details ................................................................................ 85
Figure 36 VLAN: Static VLAN .............................................................................. 87
Figure 37 VLAN: VLAN Port Setting ..................................................................... 89
Figure 38 Protocol Based VLAN Application Example .......................................... 91
List of Figures 19
ES-2048 User’s Guide
Figure 39 Protocol Based VLAN ........................................................................... 92
Figure 40 Protocol Based VLAN Configuration Example ...................................... 93
Figure 41 Port Based VLAN Setup (All Connected) .............................................. 95
Figure 42 Port Based VLAN Setup (Port Isolation) ............................................... 96
Figure 43 Static MAC Forwarding ......................................................................... 100
Figure 44 Filtering ................................................................................................. 103
Figure 45 Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol: Status .................................................. 107
Figure 46 Spanning Tree Protocol: Configuration ................................................. 109
Figure 47 Bandwidth Control ................................................................................. 114
Figure 48 Broadcast Storm Control ....................................................................... 118
Figure 49 Mirroring ................................................................................................ 122
Figure 50 Link Aggregation Control Protocol Status ............................................ 126
Figure 51 Link Aggregation: Configuration ............................................................ 128
Figure 52 RADIUS Server .................................................................................... 131
Figure 53 Port Authentication ................................................................................ 133
Figure 54 Port Authentication: RADIUS ................................................................ 133
Figure 55 Port Authentication: 802.1x ................................................................... 135
Figure 56 Port Security ......................................................................................... 138
Figure 57 Queuing Method ................................................................................... 143
Figure 58 Multicast Status. ..................................................................................... 146
Figure 59 Multicast Setting ..................................................................................... 147
Figure 60 Multicast: IGMP Filtering Profile ............................................................ 150
Figure 61 MVR Network Example ......................................................................... 151
Figure 62 MVR Multicast Television Example ....................................................... 152
Figure 63 MVR ...................................................................................................... 153
Figure 64 MVR: Group Configuration .................................................................... 155
Figure 65 MVR Configuration Example ................................................................. 156
Figure 66 MVR Configuration Example ................................................................. 157
Figure 67 MVR Group Configuration Example ..................................................... 158
Figure 68 MVR Group Configuration Example ...................................................... 158
Figure 69 DHCP Relay ........................................................................................... 160
Figure 70 Static Routing ........................................................................................ 161
Figure 71 DiffServ: Differentiated Service Field .................................................... 163
Figure 72 DiffServ Network Example .................................................................... 164
Figure 73 DiffServ ................................................................................................. 165
Figure 74 DiffServ: DSCP Setting ......................................................................... 167
Figure 75 Maintenance ........................................................................................ 169
Figure 76 Load Factory Default: Start ................................................................... 170
Figure 77 Reboot System: Confirmation ............................................................... 171
Figure 78 Firmware Upgrade ............................................................................... 172
Figure 79 Restore Configuration ........................................................................... 172
Figure 80 Backup Configuration ............................................................................ 173
Figure 81 Access Control ...................................................................................... 177
20 List of Figures
ES-2048 User’s Guide
Figure 82 SNMP Management Model .................................................................. 178
Figure 83 Access Control: SNMP ......................................................................... 180
Figure 84 Access Control: Logins ......................................................................... 181
Figure 85 SSH Communication Example ............................................................... 182
Figure 86 How SSH Works .................................................................................... 183
Figure 87 HTTPS Implementation .......................................................................... 184
Figure 88 Security Alert Dialog Box (Internet Explorer) ......................................... 185
Figure 89 Security Certificate 1 (Netscape) ........................................................... 186
Figure 90 Security Certificate 2 (Netscape) ........................................................... 186
Figure 91 Example: Lock Denoting a Secure Connection ..................................... 187
Figure 92 Access Control: Service Access Control ............................................... 188
Figure 93 Access Control: Remote Management ................................................. 189
Figure 94 Diagnostic ............................................................................................. 191
Figure 95 Syslog ................................................................................................... 194
Figure 96 Syslog: Server Setup ............................................................................ 195
Figure 97 Clustering Application Example ............................................................ 198
Figure 98 Clustering Management: Status ............................................................ 199
Figure 99 Cluster Management: Cluster Member Web Configurator Screen ........ 200
Figure 100 Example: Uploading Firmware to a Cluster Member Switch ............... 201
Figure 101 Clustering Management Configuration .............................................. 202
Figure 102 MAC Table Flowchart .......................................................................... 205
Figure 103 MAC Table .......................................................................................... 206
Figure 104 ARP Table ........................................................................................... 208
Figure 105 Configure Clone .................................................................................. 209
Figure 106 no port-access-authenticator Command Example .............................. 255
Figure 107 Pop-up Blocker .................................................................................... 282
Figure 108 Internet Options .................................................................................. 283
Figure 109 Internet Options ................................................................................... 284
Figure 110 Pop-up Blocker Settings ....................................................................... 285
Figure 111 Internet Options .................................................................................... 286
Figure 112 Security Settings - Java Scripting ........................................................ 287
Figure 113 Security Settings - Java ....................................................................... 288
Figure 114 Java (Sun) ............................................................................................ 289
List of Figures 21
ES-2048 User’s Guide
22 List of Figures
ES-2048 User’s Guide
List of Tables
Table 1 Panel Connections ................................................................................... 41
Table 2 LEDs ......................................................................................................... 45
Table 3 Navigation Panel Sub-links Overview ....................................................... 49
Table 4 Web Configurator Screen Sub-links Details ............................................. 50
Table 5 Navigation Panel Links ............................................................................. 50
Table 6 Status ........................................................................................................ 62
Table 7 Status: Port Details ................................................................................... 64
Table 8 System Info ............................................................................................... 68
Table 9 General Setup .......................................................................................... 70
Table 10 Switch Setup ........................................................................................... 72
Table 11 IP Setup .................................................................................................. 76
Table 12 Port Setup ............................................................................................... 78
Table 13 IEEE 802.1q Terminology ....................................................................... 82
Table 14 VLAN: VLAN Status ................................................................................ 84
Table 15 Static VLAN Details ................................................................................ 85
Table 16 VLAN: Static VLAN ................................................................................. 88
Table 17 VLAN: VLAN Port Setting ....................................................................... 90
Table 18 Protocol Based VLAN Setup .................................................................. 92
Table 19 Port Based VLAN Setup ......................................................................... 97
Table 20 Static MAC Forwarding ........................................................................... 100
Table 21 FIltering ................................................................................................... 103
Table 22 STP Path Costs ...................................................................................... 105
Table 23 STP Port States ...................................................................................... 106
Table 24 Spanning Tree Protocol: Status .............................................................. 107
Table 25 Spanning Tree Protocol: Configuration ................................................... 110
Table 26 Bandwidth Control .................................................................................. 114
Table 27 Broadcast Storm Control ........................................................................ 118
Table 28 Mirroring ................................................................................................. 122
Table 29 Link Aggregation ID: Local Switch .......................................................... 126
Table 30 Link Aggregation ID: Peer Switch ........................................................... 126
Table 31 Link Aggregation Control Protocol Status ............................................... 127
Table 32 Link Aggregation Control Protocol: Configuration .................................. 129
Table 33 Supported VSA ....................................................................................... 132
Table 34 Supported Tunnel Protocol Attribute ....................................................... 132
Table 35 Port Authentication: RADIUS .................................................................. 133
Table 36 Port Authentication: 802.1x .................................................................... 136
Table 37 Port Security ........................................................................................... 138
Table 38 Queuing Method ..................................................................................... 144
List of Tables 23
ES-2048 User’s Guide
Table 39 Multicast Status ...................................................................................... 146
Table 40 Multicast Setting ..................................................................................... 148
Table 41 Multicast: IGMP Filtering Profile ............................................................. 150
Table 42 MVR ........................................................................................................ 154
Table 43 MVR: Group Configuration ..................................................................... 155
Table 44 DHCP Relay ........................................................................................... 160
Table 45 Static Routing ......................................................................................... 161
Table 46 DiffServ ................................................................................................... 165
Table 47 Default DSCP-IEEE802.1p Mapping ...................................................... 166
Table 48 DiffServ: DSCP Setting ........................................................................... 167
Table 49 Maintenance ........................................................................................... 169
Table 50 Filename Conventions ............................................................................ 173
Table 51 General Commands for GUI-based FTP Clients .................................... 175
Table 52 Access Control Overview ....................................................................... 177
Table 53 SNMP Commands .................................................................................. 178
Table 54 SNMP Traps ........................................................................................... 179
Table 55 Access Control: SNMP ........................................................................... 180
Table 56 Access Control: Logins ........................................................................... 181
Table 57 Access Control: Service Access Control ................................................ 188
Table 58 Access Control: Remote Management ................................................... 189
Table 59 Diagnostic ............................................................................................... 191
Table 60 Syslog Severity Levels ........................................................................... 193
Table 61 Syslog ..................................................................................................... 194
Table 62 Syslog: Server Setup .............................................................................. 195
Table 63 ZyXEL Clustering Management Specifications ....................................... 197
Table 64 Clustering Management: Status ............................................................. 199
Table 65 FTP Upload to Cluster Member Example ............................................... 201
Table 66 Clustering Management Configuration ................................................... 202
Table 67 MAC Table .............................................................................................. 206
Table 68 ARP Table ............................................................................................... 208
Table 69 Configure Clone ...................................................................................... 209
Table 70 Command Interpreter Mode Summary ................................................... 214
Table 71 Command Summary: User Mode .......................................................... 218
Table 72 Command Summary: Enable Mode ....................................................... 219
Table 73 Command Summary: Configuration Mode ............................................. 224
Table 74 interface port-channel Commands ......................................................... 233
Table 75 Command Summary: config-vlan Commands ........................................ 237
Table 76 mvr Commands ...................................................................................... 239
Table 77 Troubleshooting the Start-Up of Your Switch .......................................... 281
Table 78 Troubleshooting Accessing the Switch ................................................... 281
Table 79 Troubleshooting the Password ............................................................... 289
Table 80 General Product Specifications .............................................................. 291
Table 81 Management Specifications .................................................................... 292
24 List of Tables
ES-2048 User’s Guide
Table 82 Physical and Environmental Specifications ............................................ 292
Table 83 Classes of IP Addresses ........................................................................ 296
Table 84 Allowed IP Address Range By Class ...................................................... 296
Table 85 “Natural” Masks ..................................................................................... 297
Table 86 Alternative Subnet Mask Notation .......................................................... 297
Table 87 Two Subnets Example ............................................................................ 298
Table 88 Subnet 1 ................................................................................................. 298
Table 89 Subnet 2 ................................................................................................. 299
Table 90 Subnet 1 ................................................................................................. 299
Table 91 Subnet 2 ................................................................................................. 300
Table 92 Subnet 3 ................................................................................................. 300
Table 93 Subnet 4 ................................................................................................. 300
Table 94 Eight Subnets ......................................................................................... 301
Table 95 Class C Subnet Planning ........................................................................ 301
Table 96 Class B Subnet Planning ........................................................................ 302
List of Tables 25
ES-2048 User’s Guide
26 List of Tables
ES-2048 User’s Guide
Preface
Congratulations on your purchase of the ES-2048 Intelligent Layer 2 Switch.
This preface introduces you to the ES-2048 Intelligent Layer 2 Switch and discusses the
conventions of this User’s Guide. It also provides information on other related documentation.
About This User's Guide
This manual is designed to guide you through the installation and configuration of your
ES-2048 for its various applications.
Related Documentation
• Web Configurator Online Help
Embedded web help for descriptions of individual screens and supplementary
information.
• ZyXEL Web Site
Please go to http://www.zyxel.com for product news, firmware, updated documents, and
other support materials.
Syntax Conventions
• “Enter” means for you to type one or more characters. “Select” or “Choose” means for
you to use one of the predefined choices.
• Command and arrow keys are enclosed in square brackets.
carriage return key;
• Mouse action sequences are denoted using a comma. For example, “In Windows, click
Start , Settings and then Control Panel ” means first click the Start button, then point
your mouse pointer to Settings and then click Control Panel .
• “e.g.,” is a shorthand for “for instance”, and “i.e.,” means “that is” or “in other words”.
• The ES-2048 Intelligent Layer 2 Switch may be referred to as “the ES-2048”, “the
switch”, or “the device” in this User’s Guide.
[ESC] means the Escape key and [SPACE BAR] means the Space Bar.
[ENTER] means the Enter, or
Preface 27
ES-2048 User’s Guide
Graphics Icons Key
ES-2048 Computer Server
Computer DSLAM Gateway
Central Office/ ISP Internet Hub/Switch
User Guide Feedback
Help us help you. E-mail all User Guide-related comments, questions or suggestions for
improvement to techwriters@zyxel.com.tw or send regular mail to The Technical Writing
Team, ZyXEL Communications Corp., 6 Innovation Road II, Science-Based Industrial Park,
Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan. Thank you.
28 Preface