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Axioskop 2 mot plus
Operating Manual
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Zeiss Axioskop 2 plus, Axioskop 2 mot plus Operating Manual

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Operating Manual
Axioskop 2
Routine Microscope
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INTRODUCTION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Copyright Axioskop 2 mot plus
Knowledge of this manual is required for the operation of the instrument. Would you therefore please make yourself familiar with the contents of this manual and pay special attention to hints concerning the safe operation of the instrument.
The specifications are subject to change; the manual is not covered by an update service.
© Unless expressly authorized, forwarding and duplication of this document and the software
package, and the utilization and communication of its contents are not permitted. Violations will entail an obligation to pay compensation.
All rights reserved in the event of granting of patents or registration of a utility model.
Issued by: Carl Zeiss Light Microscopy
P.O.B. 4041 37030 Göttingen GERMANY Phone: ++49 551 5060 660 Telefax: ++49 551 5060 464 Internet: www.zeiss.de/micro E-Mail: micro@zeiss.de
Number of this manual: B 40-075 e
Date of issue: 31
st
of October 2003
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Axioskop 2 plus INTRODUCTION Axioskop 2 mot plus Contents Carl Zeiss
CONTENTS:
Page
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................0-2
Copyright......................................................................................................................0-2
Contents .......................................................................................................................0-3
Microscopy in a few steps..............................................................................................0-7
Notes on instrument safety............................................................................................0-8
Notes on warranty.......................................................................................................0-12
Overall view of Axioskop 2 plus ...................................................................................0-13
CHAPTER 1 INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................1-2
1.1 Name and intended application.....................................................................................1-2
1.2 Instrument description and main features ......................................................................1-2
1.3 Axioskop 2 plus (manual) microscope configurations and modules ................................1-4
1.4 Axioskop 2 mot plus microscope configurations and modules........................................1-8
1.5 Objectives....................................................................................................................1-12
1.6 Eyepieces.....................................................................................................................1-14
1.7 Stage micrometers and eyepiece reticles ......................................................................1-14
1.8 Technical data .............................................................................................................1-16
B 40-075 e 10/03 0-3
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INTRODUCTION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Contents Axioskop 2 mot plus
Page
CHAPTER 2 START-UP ....................................................................................................................2-4
2.1 Initial start-up................................................................................................................2-4
2.1.1 Unpacking and installation of the microscope................................................................2-4
2.1.2 Attachment of binocular tube or phototube ..................................................................2-5
2.1.3 Insertion of eyepieces and centering telescope ..............................................................2-5
2.1.4 Setting of the interpupillary distance of the binocular tube ............................................2-7
2.1.5 Setting of viewing height ..............................................................................................2-7
2.1.6 Screw in of objectives....................................................................................................2-7
2.1.8 Connection to the line...................................................................................................2-9
2.1.9 Switch microscope and HBO 100 W transformer on and off ..........................................2-9
2.1.10 HAL 100 halogen illuminator.......................................................................................2-10
2.1.11 HBO 103 illuminator....................................................................................................2-11
2.1.12 Connect PC / Laptop to the Axioskop 2 mot plus microscope ......................................2-15
2.1.13 Attachment of round cable holder...............................................................................2-15
2.2 Attachments and conversions......................................................................................2-16
2.2.1 Changing the condenser .............................................................................................2-16
2.2.2 Changing the phase stop for phase contrast or darkfield in the universal condenser ....2-17
2.2.3 Changing the DIC prism in the universal condenser .....................................................2-18
2.2.4 Attachment of filter mount..........................................................................................2-18
2.2.5 Attachment of D polarizer ...........................................................................................2-19
2.2.6 Attachment of SENARMONT DIC polarizer...................................................................2-19
2.2.7 Changing the HAL 100 halogen lamp..........................................................................2-20
2.2.8 Changing the HBO 103 W/2 mercury pressure short-arc lamp .....................................2-20
2.2.9 Changing the mechanical stage...................................................................................2-23
2.2.10 Changing the binocular tube.......................................................................................2-26
2.2.11 Attachment of intermediate tube with height adjustment............................................2-27
2.2.12 Attachment of adapter for the Axioskop 2 plus ...........................................................2-28
2.2.13 Installing and Removing “Push&Click” Modules ..........................................................2-29
2.2.14 Changing the filter set in the FL P&C reflector module.................................................2-30
2.2.15 Changing the beam splitter in the FL P&C reflector module .........................................2-30
2.2.16 Attachment of active coobservation equipment for 2 users..........................................2-32
2.2.17 Attachment of multi-observation equipment ...............................................................2-34
2.2.18 Attachment of intermediate tube for image projection ................................................2-36
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Axioskop 2 plus INTRODUCTION Axioskop 2 mot plus Contents Carl Zeiss
Page
CHAPTER 3 OPERATION .................................................................................................................3-3
Overview of operation and function controls .................................................................3-3
3.1
3.1.1 Operation and function controls of the Axioskop 2 plus.................................................3-4
3.1.2 Overview of operation and function controls of the Axioskop 2 mot plus.....................3-10
3.2 Switching on and basic settings ...................................................................................3-18
3.2.1 Axioskop 2 plus ...........................................................................................................3-18
3.2.2 Axioskop 2 mot plus....................................................................................................3-18
3.3 Illumination and contrasting techniques.......................................................................3-24
3.3.1 Setting of transmitted-light brightfield according to KÖHLER .......................................3-24
3.3.2 Setting of transmitted-light darkfield ...........................................................................3-27
3.3.3 Setting of transmitted-light phase contrast ..................................................................3-29
3.3.4 Setting of transmitted-light polarization.......................................................................3-31
3.3.5 Setting of transmitted-light differential interference contrast (DIC)..............................3-36
3.3.6 Setting of epi-fluorescence ..........................................................................................3-39
3.4 Documentation ...........................................................................................................3-41
3.4.1 Attachment of photomicrography equipment..............................................................3-41
3.4.2 Attachment of videomicroscopy equipment.................................................................3-43
3.4.3 Attachment of adapter for digital compact cameras ....................................................3-44
3.5 Multi-observation equipment.......................................................................................3-45
3.5.1 Attachment of active coobservation equipment for 2 users.........................................3-45
3.5.2 Attachment of multi-observation equipment ...............................................................3-47
3.6 Drawing device............................................................................................................3-49
3.6.1 Intermediate tube for image projection, switchable .....................................................3-49
3.7 Quantitative microscopy ..............................................................................................3-50
3.7.1 Measurement of lengths..............................................................................................3-50
3.7.2 Height measurement ...................................................................................................3-51
B 40-075 e 10/03 0-5
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INTRODUCTION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Contents Axioskop 2 mot plus
Page
CHAPTER 4 CARE, MAINTENANCE, TROUBLESHOOTING AND SERVICE .....................................4-2
4.1 Instrument care .............................................................................................................4-2
4.2 Instrument maintenance................................................................................................4-3
4.2.1 Performing checks.........................................................................................................4-3
4.2.2 Changing the fuses .......................................................................................................4-3
4.3 Troubleshooting ............................................................................................................4-4
4.4 Spares, consumables and tools ......................................................................................4-8
4.5 Requesting service.........................................................................................................4-9
ANNEX........................................................................................................................ A-1
List of abbreviations ..................................................................................................... A-2
List of key words .......................................................................................................... A-4
Patent rights................................................................................................................. A-8
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Axioskop 2 plus INTRODUCTION Axioskop 2 mot plus Microscopy in a few steps... Carl Zeiss
Microscopy in a few steps using the example of "Setting of transmitted-light brightfield according to KÖHLER"
☞
(1) As described in chapter 2, the microscope is ready for operation and switched on according to
(2) Place a high-contrast specimen on the mechanical stage (cover slip pointing upwards).
(3) Swing in 10x objective on the nosepiece and focus on the specimen; if possible, always move
(4) Move condenser - e.g. universal condenser 0.9 - (in brightfield position, front lens switched in)
(5) Close luminous-field diaphragm until it is visible in the field of view, even if not in focus
(6) Lower universal condenser 0.9 until the edge of the luminous-field diaphragm appears in focus
(7) Center luminous-field diaphragm using centering screws on the condenser carrier (Fig. 0-1/C)
Please read the instructions regarding instrument safety and the Description (Chapter 1) and Start Up (Chapter 2) chapters before using the Axioskop 2 plus and/or Axioskop 2 mot plus microscopes for the first time.
section 3.3.
the specimen away from the objective!
to the upper stop position via the condenser drive. The height adjustment must be set in such a way that the specimen is not touched by the condenser.
(Fig. 0-1/A).
(Fig. 0-1/B).
and open it until its edge just disappears behind the field of view (Fig. 0-1/D).
(8) To set the aperture diaphragm (contrast), remove one eyepiece from the binocular tube and
set the aperture diaphragm to approx. 2/3 of the diameter of the objective exit pupil (Fig. 0-1/E). Optimum contrast setting is dependent on the respective specimen.
(9) Insert eyepiece again and, if required, refocus on the specimen via fine drive.
(10) After each objective change, field size and objective aperture change, which makes it
necessary to repeat steps (5) to (9).
(11) For objective magnifications between 1.25x and 5x, the front lens 0.9 of the universal
condenser must be swung out and the aperture diaphragm opened entirely.
Fig. 0-1 Diaphragm settings in transmitted-
light brightfield according to KÖHLER
B 40-075 e 10/03 0-7
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INTRODUCTION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Notes on instrument safety Axioskop 2 mot plus
Notes on instrument safety
The Axioskop 2 plus and Axioskop 2 mot plus microscopes have been designed produced and tested in compliance with DIN 61010-1 (IEC 1010-1) and DIN EN 61010-2-101 safety requirements for electrical measuring, control and laboratory instruments.
They meet the requirements of the directive 98/79/EC and are marked with the
This operation manual includes information and warnings which must be observed by the user.
The following warning and information symbols are used in this manual:
☞
NOTE
This symbol is a warning which you must observe under all circumstances.
CAUTION
This symbol is a warning which indicates a hazard to the instrument or instrument system.
CAUTION
This symbol is a warning which indicates a hazard to the user of the instrument.
CAUTION
Hot surface!
CAUTION
UV radiation is emitted!
marking.
CAUTION
Disconnect the instrument from the line before opening it!
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Axioskop 2 plus INTRODUCTION Axioskop 2 mot plus Notes on instrument safety Carl Zeiss
The Axioskop 2 plus and Axioskop 2 mot plus microscopes, including original accessories, may only be used for the microscope techniques described in this manual.
Particular attention must be paid to the following warning notes:
The manufacturer cannot assume any liability for any other applications, possibly also involving individual modules or single parts. This also applies to all service or repair work which is not carried out by authorized service personnel. Furthermore, this forfeits all the claims against warranty.
The power plug must be inserted in a socket featuring a grounding (earth) contact. The grounding effect must not be made ineffective by an extension cable which does not have a protective ground wire.
☞
If it is established that protection measures are no longer effective, the instrument must be switched off and safeguarded against inadvertent operation. Please contact a Zeiss service agency or Carl Zeiss Microscopy Service for repairing the instrument.
The power unit which is integrated in the stand of the microscopes permits the use of line voltages in the range between 100 and 240 V ± 10 %, 50 / 60 Hz, without having to change the voltage on the instrument.
The ballasts for the HBO 103 (ebg 100 dc) or XBO 75 (ebx 75 isolated) are designed for the 90 to 250 V AC, 50 to 60 Hz range. The instruments adapt automatically to the available line voltage. There is no need to change the voltage.
However, the transformer for the HBO 50 must be set manually to the correct voltage (100, 110, 120, 127 or 230, 240 V), and the correct frequency must be preselected (50 or 60 Hz). Before switching on the instrument, check whether it is suitable for the line voltage present.
Before switching on the instrument, check whether it is suitable for the line voltage present. Always disconnect the instrument from the line before opening the instrument and before changing the fuses. Make sure to use only fuses of the rated power required. The use of makeshift fuses and the short-circuiting of the fuse holders are not permitted.
B 40-075 e 10/03 0-9
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INTRODUCTION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Notes on instrument safety Axioskop 2 mot plus
When the stand with motorized focusing drive is used, there is a risk of crushing between stage carrier / condenser carrier and stand base. Therefore, avoid making any adjustments under the stage carrier when the stage is lowered. For safety reasons, the stage lowering procedure can be automatically switched off (see page 3-13).
The Axioskop 2 plus and Axioskop 2 mot plus microscopes are not equipped with any special devices for protection from substances which are corrosive, potentially infectious, toxic, radioactive or other substances which could be hazardous to health. All the legal regulations, particularly the pertinent accident prevention regulations of the respective country, must be observed when handling such substances.
Gas discharge lamps, e.g. HBO 103, emit ultraviolet radiation which can cause burns on the eyes and skin. Therefore, never look directly into the light of these lamps and avoid direct, unprotected incidence of their light on your skin. When using the microscope, always use the protective devices belonging to the instrument (e.g. special attenuation filters). When hot, gas discharge lamps are under high internal pressure and may therefore only be changed when they have cooled down, and protective gloves and goggles must be used (for detailed information please see Operating Manual B 40-065 e).
When fluorescence filters are used, the filter protecting from heat emitted by the microscope illuminator must not be removed, since fluorescence filters are sensitive to heat and their performance might therefore be impaired.
Avoid touching the hot lamp housing. Always pull the power plug before changing the lamps and allow the instrument to cool down for approx. 15 mins.
Dust and dirt can impair the performance of the instrument. Therefore, the instrument must be protected against these influences as far as possible, and covered with the dust cover if it is not used for longer periods of time. Always check whether the instrument is switched off before you cover it.
Placing objects against or covering ventilation slats can lead to a build-up of heat which will damage the instrument and, in extreme cases, cause a fire. Always keep the ventilation slats clear and make sure that no objects enter the instrument through the ventilation slats.
Defective microscopes should not be placed in ordinary domestic waste; they should be disposed of in accordance with the relevant statutory provisions.
0-10 B 40-075 e 10/03
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Axioskop 2 plus INTRODUCTION Axioskop 2 mot plus Notes on instrument safety Carl Zeiss
The instruments may only be operated by trained personnel who must be aware of the possible danger involved with microscopy and the relevant application. The Axioskop 2 plus / Axioskop 2 mot plus is a high-precision instrument which can be impaired in its performance or destroyed when handled improperly.
®
☞
Be sure to read the safety notes provided with Immersol 518 N
immersion oil.
®
Immersol 518 N clothing.
immersion oil irritates the skin. Avoid any contact with skin, eyes and
After skin contact, wash the oil off with plenty of water and soap. After eye contact, immediately rinse the eye with plenty of water for at least five minutes. If the irritation persists, consult a specialist.
Proper disposal (Immersol 518 N
Take care to ensure that immersion oil does not enter surface water or the sewage system.
):
B 40-075 e 10/03 0-11
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INTRODUCTION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Notes on warranty Axioskop 2 mot plus
Notes on warranty
The manufacturer guarantees that the instrument has no material and production defects when delivered. You must inform us of any defects immediately and we must do anything to minimize the damage. If the manufacturer is informed of such a defect, he is obliged to remove it; it is his decision whether he does this by repairing the instrument or by delivering an instrument free of any defect. No guarantee is provided for defects caused by natural wear (wearing parts in particular) and improper use.
The instrument manufacturer is not liable for damage caused by faulty operation, negligence or any other meddling with the instrument, particularly the removal or replacement of instrument components, or the use of accessories from other manufacturers. This forfeits all the claims against warranty.
With the exception of the work specified in this manual, no maintenance or repair of the Axioskop 2 plus / Axioskop 2 mot plus may be performed. Repairs may only be performed by Zeiss service staff or specially authorized personnel. Should any defect occur with the instrument, please get in touch with your local Zeiss agency.
0-12 B 40-075 e 10/03
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Axioskop 2 plus INTRODUCTION Axioskop 2 mot plus Overall view of the Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss
Overall view of the Axioskop 2 plus
40
5 0
30
6 0
20
70
0 1
80
0 0 1
90
1 Eyepieces 2 Binocular tube 3 Stand 4 Incident-light illuminator 5 Transmitted-light illuminator 6 Manual universal condenser 7 Mechanical stage 8 Objectives
B 40-075 e 10/03 0-13
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INTRODUCTION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Overall view of the Axioskop 2 mot plus Axioskop 2 mot plus
Overall view of the Axioskop 2 mot plus
1 Eyepieces 2 Binocular ergotube 3 Stand 4 Incident-light illuminator 5 FL excitation filter wheel 6 Transmitted-light illuminator 7 Motorised universal condenser 8 Mechanical stage 9 Objectives
0-14 B 40-075 e 10/03
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Axioskop 2 plus INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION Axioskop 2 mot plus Contents / List of illustrations Carl Zeiss
INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION
Contents
1
Instrument Description ...................................................................................................1-2
1.1 Name and intended application..........................................................................................1-2
1.2 Instrument description and main features...........................................................................1-2
1.3 Axioskop 2 plus (manual) microscope configurations and modules .....................................1-4
1.4 Axioskop 2 mot plus microscope configurations and modules ............................................1-8
1.5 Objectives ........................................................................................................................1-12
1.6 Eyepieces .........................................................................................................................1-14
1.7 Stage micrometers and eyepiece reticles...........................................................................1-14
1.8 Technical Data .................................................................................................................1-16
List of illustrations
Fig. 1-1
Fig. 1-2 Axioskop 2 mot plus microscope configurations .................................................................1-8
Fig. 1-3 Objective..........................................................................................................................1-12
Axioskop 2 plus (manual) microscope configurations..........................................................1-4
B 40-075 e 10/03 1-1
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INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Name ... / Instrument description ... Axioskop 2 mot plus

1 INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION

1.1 Name and intended application

Manufacturer's name: Axioskop 2 plus microscope
Axioskop 2 mot plus microscope
The Axioskop 2 plus and Axioskop 2 mot plus microscopes have been designed as universally applicable microscopes for applications in biology and medicine, e.g. for the examination of blood and / or tissue samples from the human body. They can be used as pure transmitted-light microscopes or, with epi­fluorescence equipment, as combined transmitted-light / incident-light microscopes.
The Axioskop 2 plus and Axioskop 2 mot plus microscopes are mainly used in:
− hospitals
− doctor's offices
− universities and
− industry

1.2 Instrument description and main features

With the advanced pyramid and modular design, the Axioskop 2 plus incorporates time-tested principles in microscope construction, thus ideally combining modern demands on design, operating convenience and function with technical performance. Thanks to the modular design, existing microscope modules of the Axioskop 2 plus, such as tubes, intermediate tubes and condensers, are easy to attach.
The Axioskop 2 plus is offered as a manual and a motorized / coded version. The basic stand is equipped with either manual (Axioskop 2 plus) or motorized / coded operation and function controls (Axioskop 2 mot plus), but is otherwise identical for both versions.
Depending on the instrument configuration, the following microscopy and contrasting techniques are possible:
Transmitted light: Incident light:
- brightfield - fluorescence contrast
- darkfield
- phase contrast
- polarization contrast
- differential interference contrast (DIC)
If ordered, the optional epi-fluorescence equipment including the adjusting aid is integrated in the microscope stand on delivery. For technical reasons, retrofitting of existing instruments with the epi­fluorescence equipment should be performed by Zeiss service staff.
The binocular tubes and the suitable adapters allow one microscope camera, one SLR camera or one video camera to be attached for documentation purposes.
Page 17
Axioskop 2 plus INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION Axioskop 2 mot plus Instrument description and main features Carl Zeiss
Major instrument features of the Axioskop 2 plus (manual):
− Stable and sturdy diecast stand with T-shaped base in the pyramid design and integrated DC supply for the HAL 12 V 100 W halogen lamp
TM
− Stage focusing via Harmonic Drive
gear and coaxial drive
− Fixed and rotary mechanical stage with ceramic-coated surface and extended drive for higher operating convenience
− High-performance HAL 12 V 100 W illuminators for transmitted light and HBO 103 for incident light
− Achromatic-aplanatic universal condenser 0.9 with swing-in front lens for applications in brightfield,
darkfield, phase contrast, polarization contrast and differential interference contrast
− Ball-bearing, 5-position nosepiece with W 0.8" thread
− ICS objectives in the price performance categories A-Plan, Achroplan, Plan-Neofluar, Plan-Apochromat
− Binocular tubes and phototubes with fixed and variable viewing angle
− 10x focusing eyepieces with field number 23, suitable for spectacle wearers
− High-performance epi-fluorescence equipment
− Wide variety of attachment possibilities for photography and videomicroscopy
− Multi-observation equipment for 2, 9 or more viewing stations
− Drawing device with intermediate tube for image projection
In addition to the above instrument features, the Axioskop 2 mot plus has the following features which differ from the manual version:
− High-precision step motor drive for stage focusing
− Motorized condenser functions (front lens, turret disk, aperture diaphragm), optional
− Coded objective nosepiece
− Coded reflector turret
− Objective-dependent brightness control in combination with the coded nosepiece
− Automatic matching of the focusing speeds and focus positions of the objectives used
− Optional and motorized, 8-position FL excitation filter wheel (filter diameter 25 mm) for incident-light
fluorescence, controlled by step motor
− The microscope can be connected to a PC via the RS 232 interface
B 40-075 e 10/03 1-3
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INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Axioskop 2 plus microscope configurations ... Axioskop 2 mot plus
1.3 Axioskop 2 plus (manual) microscope configurations and modules
1
1
1
1
1
40
5 0
0 3
6 0
0 2
7 0
0 1
8
0
0
0 1
90
Fig. 1-1 Axioskop 2 plus (manual) microscope configurations
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Axioskop 2 plus INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION Axioskop 2 mot plus Axioskop 2 plus microscope configurations ... Carl Zeiss
Key to Fig. 1-1
1 Stand 2 Eyepiece 3 Binocular tube 30°/23 4 HBO 100 W transformer 5 HBO 103 illuminator 6 HAL 12 V 100 W halogen lamp 7 FL filter slider 8 Objective
9 DIC slider 10 Compensator λ 11 Dust cover 12 DIC prism 13 Achromatic-aplanatic universal condenser 0.9 H D DIC 14 Filter mount 15 Mechanical stage 75x50 R 16 Specimen holder with spring clip R 17 FL P&C reflector module
B 40-075 e 10/03 1-5
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INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Axioskop 2 plus microscope configurations ... Axioskop 2 mot plus
Axioskop 2 plus (manual) microscope configurations Cat. No.
Configurations
The "Axioskop 2 plus" routine microscope is offered in the following different configurations:
for transmitted-light brightfield with objectives "A-Plan" 5x, 10x, 20x, 40x and 100x
for transmitted-light brightfield with objectives "Achroplan" 4x, 10x, 20x, 40x and 100x
for transmitted-light brightfield and phase contrast with objectives "Achroplan" 4x, 10x Ph 1, 20x Ph2, 40x Ph 2 and 100x
for transmitted-light brightfield with objectives "Plan-Neofluar" 2.5x, 10x, 20x, 40x and 100x
for transmitted-light brightfield and phase contrast with objectives "Plan-Neofluar" 2.5x, 10x Ph 1, 20x Ph 2, 40x Ph 2 and 100x Ph 3
for transmitted-light brightfield and interference contrast with objectives "Plan-Neofluar" 10x, 20x, 40x and 100x
for epi-fluorescence and transmitted-light phase contrast with objectives Plan-Neofluar/Plan­Apochromat, Plan-Neofluar 2.5, 10x Ph 1, 20x Ph 2, 40x, Plan-Apochromat 63x and Plan­Neofluar 100x
Modules
The "Axioskop 2 plus" routine microscope consists of the following modules:
Axioskop 2 plus microscope stand with 5x reflector turret, harmonic drive focusing drive, 5-position nosepiece H DIC W 0.8”, integrated 12 V DC 100 W power unit (stabilized), transmitted-light equipment with filter magazine D, stage and condenser carrier, FL incident light equipment and HBO/XBO adjusting aid
Eyepieces: W-PL 10x/23 Br. foc. PL 10x/23 Br. foc.
Tubes: Binocular tube 30°/23 Binocular phototube 30°/23 (30/70) Binocular ergotube 6-25°/23 Binocular ergo-phototube 6-25°/23 (100/0 or 0/100)
Illuminators: HAL 12 V 100 W halogen illuminator HBO 103 illuminator HBO 100 W transformer for HBO 100 W/2 and HBO 103 W/2
Objectives see also section 0
DIC sliders: DIC slider 10x/0.30 I DIC slider 20x/0.50 II DIC slider 40x/0.75 II DIC slider 100x/1.30 III
Compensator λ, 6x20
DIC prisms with polarizer: DIC prism I / 0.9 DIC prism II / 0.9 DIC prism III / 0.9
452310-0000-000
000000-1016-758 000000-1026-548
452340-0000-000 452344-0000-000 452341-0000-000 452342-0000-000
447219-0000-000 487211-9804-000 458451-9901-000
444431-0000-000 444437-0000-000 444463-0000-000 444480-0000-000
473704-0000-000
000000-1005-002 000000-1005-003 000000-1005-004
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Axioskop 2 plus INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION Axioskop 2 mot plus Axioskop 2 plus microscope configurations ... Carl Zeiss
Axioskop 2 plus (manual) microscope configurations Cat. No.
Modules
Condensers: Achromatic-aplanatic universal condenser 0.9 H Achromatic-aplanatic universal condenser 0.9 H D Ph Achromatic-aplanatic universal condenser 0.9 H D Ph DIC Achromatic switching condenser 0.9 H Achromatic switching condenser 0.9 H D Ph
Polarizers: SENARMONT DIC polarizer Rotary polarizer D Circular polarizer D
Filters: 6-position FL fiter slider, for filter diameters d = 18 mm 3-position filter mount, for filter diameters d = 32 mm Conversion filter 3200 ... 5500 K Interference green filter
Mechanical stages: Mechanical stage 75x50 R with ceramic coating and adjustable coaxial drive 130 mm Mechanical stage 75x50/240° R with ceramic coating and adjustable coaxial drive 130 mm Mechanical stage 75x50 R with ceramic coating and fixed coaxial drive 130 mm
Specimen holder with spring clip R 453533-0000-000
Technique modules: FL P&C reflector module e.g. with filter sets for epi-fluorescence filter set 01 UV excitation H 365 filter set 09 blue excitation 450 - 490 filter set 15 green excitation H 546 DIC/FL analyzer Analyzer module D Optovar module 1.25x Optovar module 1.6x Optovar module 2.5x
Dust cover M (medium) Dust cover G (large)
Additional accessories
445435-0000-000 444336-0000-000 445439-0000-000 000000-1017-668 000000-1017-690
453622-0000-000 453620-0000-000 453623-0000-000
446377-0000-000 452159-0000-000 467850-9901-000 467803-0000-000
453505-9901-000 453502-9905-000 453523-0000-000
000000-1046-281
488001-0000-000 488009-0000-000 488015-0000-000 452374-0000-000 000000-1050-958 000000-1046-284 000000-1046-283 000000-1046-282
459311-0000-000 459312-0000-000
The "Axioskop 2 plus" routine microscope can be equipped with the following additional accessories:
Active coobservation equipment, for 2 users 452379-0000-000
Multiobservation equipment 452380-0000-000
Intermediate tube with height adjustment for binocular ergotube / phototube 452341 / 452342 452376-0000-000
Adapter for Axioskop 2 plus to allow the use of tubes / intermediate tubes from the Axioplan 2 line 452969-0000-000
Intermediate tube for image projection from the Axioplan 2 line 452181-9901-000 MC 200 CHIP microscope camera for small format 24 mm x 36 mm 496059-9804-000
MC 200 CHIP microscope camera for large format photography 496060-9804-000
B 40-075 e 10/03 1-7
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INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Axioskop 2 mot plus microscope configurations ... Axioskop 2 mot plus
1.4 Axioskop 2 mot plus microscope configurations and modules
Fig. 1-2 Axioskop 2 mot plus microscope configurations
Page 23
Axioskop 2 plus INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION Axioskop 2 mot plus Axioskop 2 mot plus microscope configurations ... Carl Zeiss
Key to Fig. 1-2:
1 Stand
2 Eyepiece
3 Binocular ergotube 6-25°/23
4 HBO 100 W transformer
5 HBO 103 illuminator
6 HAL 12 V 100 W halogen illuminator
7 FL filter slider
8 Objective
9 DIC slider 10 Compensator λ 11 Dust cover 12 DIC prism 13 Achromatic-aplanatic universal condenser 0,9 H D DIC 14 Filter mount 15 Mechanical stage 75x50/240° R 16 Specimen holder with spring clip R 17 FL P&C reflector module 18 8-position FL excitation filter wheel
MOT
B 40-075 e 10/03 1-9
Page 24
INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Axioskop 2 mot plus microscope configurations ... Axioskop 2 mot plus
Axioskop 2 mot plus microscope configurations Cat. No. Configurations
The "Axioskop 2 mot plus" routine microscope is offered in the following configurations:
for transmitted-light brightfield with Achroplan objectives 4x, 10x, 20x, 40x and 100x
for transmitted-light brightfield and phase contrast with Plan-Neofluar objectives 2.5x, 10x Ph 1, 20x Ph 2, 40x Ph 2 and 100x Ph 3
for transmitted-light brightfield and interference contrast with Plan-Neofluar objectives 10x, 20x, 40x and 100x
for epi-fluorescence and transmitted-light phase contrast with Plan-Neofluar objectives 2.5x/0.075, 10x Ph 1, 20x Ph 2, 40x, 100x
Modules
The "Axioskop 2 mot plus" routine microscope consists of the following modules:
"Axioskop 2 mot plus" microscope stand with coded 5-position reflector turret, drive for motor focusing, 5-position nosepiece H DIC W 0.8”, integrated 12 V DC 100 W power unit MOT (stabilized), transmitted-light equipment, stage and condenser carrier, FL incident light and HBO/XBO adjusting aid
Eyepieces: W-PL 10x/23 Br. foc. PL 10x/23 Br. foc.
Tubes: Binocular tube 30°/23 Binocular phototube 30°/23 (30/70) Binocular ergotube 6-25°/23 Binocular ergo-phototube 6-25°/23 (100/0 or 0/100)
Illuminators: HAL 12 V 100 W halogen illuminator HBO 103 illuminator HBO 100 W transformer for HBO 100 W/2 and HBO 103 W/2
Objectives see also section 0)
DIC slider: DIC slider 10x/0.30 I DIC slider 20x/0.50 II DIC slider 40x/0.75 II DIC slider 100x/1.30 III
Compensator λ, 6x20
DIC prisms with polarizer: DIC prism I / 0.9 DIC prism II / 0.9 DIC prism III / 0.9
Condensers: Achromatic-aplanatic universal condenser 0.9 H MOT Achromatic-aplanatic universal condenser 0.9 H D Ph MOT Achromatic-aplanatic universal condenser 0.9 H D Ph DIC MOT
452311-0000-000
000000-1016-758 000000-1026-548
452340-0000-000 452344-0000-000 452341-0000-000 452342-0000-000
447219-0000-000 487211-9804-000 458451-9901-000
444431-0000-000 444437-0000-000 444463-0000-000 444480-0000-000
473704-0000-000
000000-1005-002 000000-1005-003 000000-1005-004
445437-0000-000 444338-0000-000 445440-0000-000
1-10 B 40-075 e 10/03
Page 25
Axioskop 2 plus INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION Axioskop 2 mot plus Axioskop 2 mot plus microscope configurations ... Carl Zeiss
Axioskop 2 mot plus microscope configurations Cat. No. Modules
Polarizers: SENARMONT DIC polarizer Rotary polarizer D Circular polarizer D
Filters: 6-position FL filter slider, for filter diameters d = 18 mm 3-position filter mount, for filter diameters d = 32 mm Conversion filter 3200 ... 5500 K Interference green filter
Mechanical stages: Mechanical stage 75x50 R with ceramic coating and adjustable coaxial drive 130 mm Mechanical stage 75x50/240° R with ceramic coating and adjustable coaxial drive 130 mm Mechanical stage 75x50 R with ceramic coating and fixed coaxial drive 130 mm Mechanical stage 75x50 R with ceramic coating and electronic vernier scale (optional) Scanning stage DC (optional)
Specimen holder with spring clip R 453533-0000-000
Technique modules: FL P&C reflector module e.g. with filter sets for epi-fluorescence filter set 01 UV excitation H 365 filter set 09 blue excitation 450 - 490 filter set 15 green excitation H 546 DIC/FL analyzer Analyzer module D Optovar module 1.25x Optovar module 1.6x Optovar module 2.5x
Dust cover M (medium) Dust cover G (large)
Additional accessories
453622-0000-000 453620-0000-000 453623-0000-000
446377-0000-000 452159-0000-000 467850-9901-000 467803-0000-000
453505-9901-000 453502-9905-000 453523-0000-000 453507-9901-000 453585-9901-000
000000-1046-281
488001-0000-000 488009-0000-000 488015-0000-000 452374-0000-000 000000-1050-958 000000-1046-284 000000-1046-283 000000-1046-282
459311-0000-000 459312-0000-000
The "Axioskop 2 mot plus" routine microscope can be equipped with the following additional accessories:
Active coobservation equipment, for 2 users 452379-0000-000
Multiobservation equipment 452380-0000-000
Intermediate tube with height adjustment for binocular ergotube / phototube 452341 / 452342 452376-0000-000
Adapter for Axioskop 2 to allow the use of tubes / intermediate tubes from the Axioplan 2 line 452969-0000-000
Intermediate tube for image projection from the Axioplan 2 line 452181-9901-000
MC 200 CHIP microscope camera for 24 mm x 36 mm 496059-9804-000
MC 200 CHIP microscope camera for large-format photography 496060-9804-000
Motorized, 8-position FL excitation filter wheel, for filter diameters d = 25 mm 000000-1008-106
Microscope control software 412237-9100-000
Notebook (optional) 412237-9007-000
Cable for serial PC interface RS 232 (optional) 457411-9012-000
B 40-075 e 10/03 1-11
Page 26

INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Objectives Axioskop 2 mot plus

1.5 Objectives
The objectives are the optical centerpiece of the microscope. The following is an example of how objectives can be labelled:
Achroplan 10x/0.25 ∞ 0.17
where
10x : objective magnification, with a defined
color ring on the objective being allocated to each magnification step (Zeiss color code)
0.25 : numerical aperture
∞ : infinite image distance; these objectives
can only be used with ICS microscopes from Carl Zeiss
0.17 : can only be used with cover slip thickness D
Fig. 1-3 Objective
or
− : can be used with cover slip thickness D = 0
= 0.17 mm
or 0.17 mm Other labels: Oil : oil immersion objective Ph 2 : phase contrast objective with a green color ring and phase stop Ph 2
Color ring code for objective magnification
Color ring on objective
Magnification factor
black brown red orange yellow green light
blue
1.25x 2.5x 4x; 5x 6.3x 10x 16x;20x; 25x;32x
40x; 50x 63x 100x;
dark blue
white
150x
The objective magnification multiplied with the eyepiece magnification (minimum 10x) results in the visual overall magnification: e.g. 10 x 10 = 100x.
When working with the microscopes, the total magnification should not drop below or exceed the range of useful magnification. The range of useful magnification was defined by Ernst ABBE as 500 to 1000 times the numerical aperture of the used objective. No further details are resolved above that limit. The range of useful magnification for an objective with a numerical aperture of 0.25 is between 125 and 250x accordingly.
The exact observance of the cover slip thickness of 0.17 mm is all the more necessary the higher the numeric aperture of the objective. Therefore, certain objectives can be set for different cover slip thickness (due to correction mount). For this, a specimen area is searched, and the position of the correction ring where optimum focus and image contrast are obtained is determined (refocusing is always required).
1-12 B 40-075 e 10/03
Page 27
Axioskop 2 plus INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION Axioskop 2 mot plus Objectives Carl Zeiss
When immersion objectives are used, the air between the cover slip and the objective is replaced with a liquid, which is immersion oil in most cases. The plastic oiler containing 20 ml of 581 N immersion oil (n
D
= 1.515) is particularly suitable for this purpose.
To prevent oil contamination of the specimen when the nosepiece is turned, the resilient mounts of the immersion objectives can be locked in their lifted position by turning them to the right (do not forget to unlock them again!).
The following objectives are ideal for the Axioskop 2 plus and Axioskop 2 mot plus microscopes:
Microscopy technique Objective Magnification /
A-Plan
Transmitted-light brightfield A-Plan 5x/0.12 9.9 - 441020-0000-000 A-Plan 10x/0.25 4.4 - 441030-0000-000 A-Plan 20x/0.45 0.53 0.17 441040-0000-000 A-Plan 40x/0.65 0.43 0.17 441050-0000-000 A-Plan 100x/1.25 Oil 0.22 0.17 441080-0000-000
Phase contrast A-Plan 10x/0.25 Ph 1 4.4 - 441031-0000-000 A-Plan 20x/0.45 Ph 2 0.53 0.17 441041-0000-000 A-Plan 40x/0.65 Ph 2 0.43 0.17 441051-0000-000 A-Plan 100x/1.25 Oil Ph 3 0.22 0.17 441081-0000-000
Achroplan Transmitted-light brightfield Achroplan 4x/0.10 11.1 - 440020-0000-000 Achroplan 10x/0.25 4.8 - 440030-0000-000 Achroplan 20x/0.45 2.07 0.17 440040-0000-000 Achroplan 40x/0.65 0.59 0.17 440050-0000-000 Achroplan 50x/0.90 Oil 0.29 0.17 440057-0000-000 Achroplan 63x/0.80 0.29 0.17 440060-0000-000 Achroplan Achroplan 100x/1.25 Oil 0.19 0.17 440080-0000-000 Achroplan 100x/1.25 Oil Iris 0.19 0.17 440086-0000-000
Phase contrast Achroplan 10x/0.25 Ph 1 4.8 - 440031-0000-000 Achroplan 20x/0.45 Ph 2 2.07 0.17 440041-0000-000 Achroplan 40x/0.65 Ph 2 0.59 0.17 440051-0000-000 Achroplan 100x/1.25 Oil Ph 3 0.19 0.17 440081-0000-000
Plan-Neofluar Transmitted-light brightfield Plan-Neofluar 2.5x/0.075 9.3 - 440310-0000-000 Plan-Neofluar 5x/0.15 13.6 - 440320-0000-000 Plan-Neofluar 10x/0.30 5.6 0.17 440330-0000-000 Plan-Neofluar 20x/0.50 1.3 0.17 440340-0000-000 Plan-Neofluar 40x/0.75 0.47 0.17 440350-9902-000 Plan-Neofluar 100x/1.30 Oil 0.06 0.17 440480-0000-000
Phase contrast Plan-Neofluar 10x/0.30 Ph 1 5.6 0.17 440331-0000-000 Plan-Neofluar 20x/0.50 Ph 2 1.3 0.17 440341-0000-000 Plan-Neofluar 40x/0.75 Ph 2 0.47 0.17 440351-9902-000 Plan-Neofluar 100x/1.30 Oil Ph 3 0.06 0.17 440481-0000-000
Plan-Apochromat Transmitted-light brightfield Plan-Apochromat 40x/1.00 Oil Iris 0.31 0.17 440756-0000-000 Plan-Apochromat 63x/1.40 Oil 0.09 0.17 440760-0000-000 Plan-Apochromat 100x/1.40 Oil 0.09 0.17 440780-0000-000
Num. Aperture
63x/0.95 0.15 0 (no cover slip) 440068-0000-000
Free working distance in mm
Cover slip thickness D in mm
Cat.No.
B 40-075 e 10/03 1-13
Page 28
INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Eyepieces / Stage micrometers and ... Axioskop 2 mot plus
1.6 Eyepieces
The following eyepieces are offered for the Axioskop 2 plus and Axioskop 2 mot plus:
Eyepiece Image angle Application Cat. No.
Eyepiece W-PL 10x/23 Br. foc. (2x) 49.4° with all tubes, see pp. 1-6, 1-10 455043-0000-000,
aspheric
Eyepiece W-PL 10x/23 Br. foc. (2x) 49.4° with all tubes, see pp. 1-6, 1-10 000000-1016-758
Eyepiece PL 10x/23 Br. foc. (2x) 49.4° with all tubes, see pp. 1-6, 1-10 000000-1026-548
W-PL and PL in the eyepiece name refers to the excellent image flatness up to the edge of the field of view. PL 10x/23 Br. foc. eyepieces ensure excellent optical correction, particularly in combination with the ergotubes. If required, eyecups for the eyepieces can be ordered under Cat.No. 444801.

1.7 Stage micrometers and eyepiece reticles

Measuring and counting using the microscope requires stage micrometers and eyepiece reticles, a selection of which is listed below:
Illustration Description, Technical Data Cat. No.
Stage micrometer, positive 5 + 100/100 y
D = 0.17 mm
474026-0000-000
gradation on the +y-axis: 5 mm in 5 intervals gradation on the -y-axis: 1 mm in 100 intervals with 2 opposing scales = 10 µm, accuracy ±1µm
Crossline micrometer 14:140, d = 26 mm
454060-0000-000 gradation length = 14 mm increments = 0.1mm gradation tolerance ≤ 0.001 mm
1-14 B 40-075 e 10/03
Page 29
Axioskop 2 plus INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION Axioskop 2 mot plus Stage micrometers and ... Carl Zeiss
Illustration Description, Technical Data Cat. No.
Eyepiece reticle / d = 26 mm
Crossline micrometer 10:100, d = 26 mm
gradation length = 10 mm increments = 0.1mm gradation tolerance ≤ 0.001 mm
Net micrometer 12.5x12.5/5;10 / d = 26 mm
area 12.5x12.5 mm, divided in fields of 10x10
474064-0000-000
474066-9901-000
474068-0000-000
Photo reticle MC 2.5x / d = 26 mm
for 35 mm photography with an additional magnification of 2.5x or for large-format photography with a 10x additional magnification.
☞
B 40-075 e 10/03 1-15
If an eyepiece reticle is used, the binocular tube or the phototube must be equipped with two foc. eyepieces containing an adjustable eyelens, into one of which the eyepiece reticle is mounted.
454075-0000-000
Page 30
INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Technical data Axioskop 2 mot plus

1.8 Technical Data

Dimensions (width x depth x height)
Axioskop 2 plus / mot plus Axioskop 2 plus / mot plus Axioskop 2 plus / mot plus Axioskop 2 plus / mot plus
with phototube and HAL 100................ approx. 280 mm x 600 mm x 475 mm
with phototube and HBO 103 ............... approx. 280 mm x 733 mm x 475 mm
with ergo-phototube and HAL 100........ approx. 280 mm x 670 mm x 500 mm
with ergo-phototube and HBO 103....... approx. 280 mm x 800 mm x 500 mm
Weight
Axioskop 2 plus .................................................................................................................approx. 18.4 kg
Axioskop 2 mot plus..........................................................................................................approx. 22.4 kg
Ambient conditions
Transport (in packaging):
Permissible ambient temperature..........................................................................................-40 to +70 °C
Storage:
Permissible ambient temperature.........................................................................................+10 to +40 °C
Permissible humidity (without condensation)............................................................... max. 75 % at 35 °C
Operation
Permissible ambient temperature..........................................................................................+5 to + 40 °C
Permissible relative humidity ....................................................................................... max. 75 % at 35 °C
Altitude .................................................................................................................................max. 2000 m
Atmospheric pressure ................................................................................................800 hPa to 1060 hPa
Pollution degree ...................................................................................................................................... 2
Operating data
Operation..............................................................................................................................closed rooms
Protection class......................................................................................................................................... I
Enclosure protection.......................................................................................................................... IP 20
Electrical safety................................................................ in compliance with DIN EN 61010 (IEC 61010-1)
including CSA and UL directives
Overvoltage category............................................................................................................................... II
Radio interference suppression ........................................................ in accordance with EN 55011, Class B
Noise immunity ...............................................................................in accordance with DIN EN 61326/ A1
1-16 B 40-075 e 10/03
Page 31
Axioskop 2 plus INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION Axioskop 2 mot plus Technical data Carl Zeiss
Line voltage...............................................................................................................100 to 240 V ±10 %
Change of line voltage is not required!
Line frequency .........................................................................................................................50 to 60 Hz
Power consumption of Axioskop 2 plus ......................................................................................... 150 VA
Power consumption of Axioskop 2 mot plus .................................................................................. 170 VA
HBO 100 W transformer (HBO 100 W/2 and HBO 103 W/2)
Operation..............................................................................................................................closed rooms
Protection class.........................................................................................................................................I
Enclosure protection .......................................................................................................................... IP 20
Line voltage .....................................................................................................................100 to 240 VAC
Line frequency .........................................................................................................................50 to 60 Hz
Power consumption when HBO 103 is used................................................................................... 155 VA
HBO 50 transformer mbq52ac-z
Operating environment.............................................................................................................clean room
Protection class.........................................................................................................................................I
Protection type .................................................................................................................................. IP 20
Line voltage can be changed between .................................. 100, 110, 120, 127 VAC and 230, 240 VAC
Line frequency can be changed between .............................................................................. 50 and 60 Hz
Power consumption when HBO 50 is used.............................................................................max. 350 VA
Fuses in accordance with IEC 127
Axioskop 2 plus microscope stand .................................................................................T 4 A/H, 5x20 mm
Axioskop 2 mot plus microscope stand ..........................................................................T 4 A/H, 5x20 mm
HBO 50AC transformer mbq52ac-z ........................................................................100 V, 127 V: 2x T 4 A
....................................................................................................................... 220 V to 240 V: 2x T 2.5 A
HBO 100 W transformer .............................................................................................T 2.0 A/H, 5x20 mm
Light sources
Halogen illuminator .......................................................................................................HAL 12 V / 100 W
Adjustment of the light source ....................................................................... continuous, 3 to 12 V
Mercury pressure short-arc lamp.......................................................................................... HBO 103 W/2
Power consumption for HBO 103 W/2................................................................................... 103 W
B 40-075 e 10/03 1-17
Page 32
INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Technical data Axioskop 2 mot plus
Axioskop 2 plus:
Stand with manual stage focusing
coarse drive .............................................................................................................6 mm / rotation
Fine drive ..................................................................................0.1 mm / rotation; 1 µm increments
lifting range ..................................................................................................................max. 25 mm
height stop ..................................................................................................can be set mechanically
Achromatic-aplanatic universal condenser 0.9 with swing-in front lens 0.9 for objective magnifications M
for objective magnifications M
< 10....................................................... swing out front lens 0.9
obj.
≥ 10x ......................................swing in condenser front lens 0.9
obj.
brightfield insert with turret disk with 5 or 7 positions;
................................................................................................................... for brightfield, darkfield
................................................................................................................. for phase contrast 1, 2, 3
...............................................................................................................for DIC I, II, III (changeable)
Objective change........................................................... manually via 6-position nosepiece H DIC, W 0.8"
Change of technique modules........................................................ manually via 5-position reflector turret
Axioskop 2 mot plus:
Stand with motorized stage focusing
average step width of the step motor ....................................................................................80 nm
fast stage lowering / lifting in the range of ............................................................................. 6 mm
lifting range ......................................................................................................................... 25 mm
height stop ....................................................................................................................... electronic
focusing speed .................................................................................................................... variable
reproducibility of focus position ...................................................... 0.15 µm (in the focusing range)
Achromatic-aplanatic universal condenser 0.9
MOT
aperture diaphragm, turret disk and front lens ................................................................. motorized
Objective change........................................................... manually via 5-position nosepiece H DIC, W 0.8"
Change of technique modules........................................................ manually via 5-position reflector turret
1-18 B 40-075 e 10/03
Page 33
Axioskop 2 plus START-UP Axioskop 2 mot plus Contents Carl Zeiss
START-UP
Contents
2
START-UP .........................................................................................................................2-3
2.1 Initial start-up.....................................................................................................................2-3
2.1.1 Unpacking and installation of the microscope ....................................................................2-3
2.1.2 Attachment of binocular tube or phototube.......................................................................2-4
2.1.3 Insertion of eyepieces and centering telescope ...................................................................2-4
2.1.4 Setting of the interpupillary distance of the binocular tube.................................................2-6
2.1.5 Setting of viewing height ...................................................................................................2-6
2.1.6 Screw in of objectives.........................................................................................................2-6
2.1.7 Attachment of universal condenser ....................................................................................2-7
2.1.8 Connection to the line .......................................................................................................2-8
2.1.9 Switch microscope and HBO 100 W transformer on and off...............................................2-8
2.1.10 HAL 100 halogen illuminator..............................................................................................2-9
2.1.11 HBO 103 illuminator ........................................................................................................2-10
2.1.12 Connect PC / Laptop to the Axioskop 2 mot plus microscope ...........................................2-14
2.1.13 Attachment of round cable holder ...................................................................................2-14
2.2 Attachments and conversions...........................................................................................2-15
2.2.1 Changing the condenser..................................................................................................2-15
2.2.2 Changing the phase stop for phase contrast or darkfield in the universal condenser
(if required) ......................................................................................................................2-16
2.2.3 Changing the DIC prism in the universal condenser..........................................................2-17
2.2.4 Attachment of filter mount ..............................................................................................2-17
2.2.5 Attachment of D polarizer................................................................................................2-18
2.2.6 Attachment of SENARMONT DIC polarizer .......................................................................2-18
2.2.7 Changing the HAL 100 halogen lamp ..............................................................................2-19
2.2.8 Changing the HBO 103 W/2 mercury pressure short-arc lamp ..........................................2-19
2.2.9 Changing the mechanical stage .......................................................................................2-22
2.2.10 Changing the binocular tube............................................................................................2-25
2.2.11 Attachment of intermediate tube with height adjustment ................................................2-26
2.2.12 Attachment of adapter for the Axioskop 2 plus ................................................................2-27
2.2.13 Installing and Removing “Push&Click” Modules ...............................................................2-28
2.2.14 Changing the filter set in the FL P&C reflector module .....................................................2-29
2.2.15 Changing the beam splitter in the FL P&C reflector module..............................................2-29
2.2.16 Attachment of active coobservation equipment for 2 users...............................................2-31
2.2.17 Attachment of multi-observation equipment ....................................................................2-33
2.2.18 Attachment of intermediate tube for image projection.....................................................2-35
B 40-075 e 10/03 2-1
Page 34
START-UP Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss List of illustrations Axioskop 2 mot plus
List of illustrations
Fig. 2-1 Setting up the microscope ................................................................................................................ 2-3
Fig. 2-2 Attachment of binocular tube........................................................................................................... 2-4
Fig. 2-3 Inserting the eyepieces...................................................................................................................... 2-4
Fig. 2-4 Inserting the eyepiece reticle............................................................................................................. 2-5
Fig. 2-5 Setting the interpupillary distance of the binocular tube................................................................... 2-6
Fig. 2-6 Screwing in of objectives .................................................................................................................. 2-6
Fig. 2-7 Attachment of universal condenser................................................................................................... 2-7
Fig. 2-8 Attachment of universal condenser MOT.......................................................................................... 2-7
Fig. 2-9 Axioskop 2 plus (rear) ....................................................................................................................... 2-8
Fig. 2-10 HBO 100 W transformer (front and rear) ..........................................................................................2-8
Fig. 2-11 Attachment of HAL 100 halogen illuminator .................................................................................... 2-9
Fig. 2-12 Adjustment of HAL 100 halogen illuminator..................................................................................... 2-9
Fig. 2-13 Attachment of HBO 103 illuminator ...............................................................................................2-10
Fig. 2-14 HBO 100 W transformer................................................................................................................. 2-11
Fig. 2-15 Adjusting aid .................................................................................................................................. 2-11
Fig. 2-16 Adjusting HBO 103......................................................................................................................... 2-11
Fig. 2-17 Focal spots of HBO 103 before coarse adjustment.......................................................................... 2-12
Fig. 2-18 Focal spots of HBO 103 after coarse adjustment............................................................................. 2-12
Fig. 2-19 Focal spot imaging via adjusting aid and knurled knob for focusing ............................................... 2-12
Fig. 2-20 Focal spot imaging without adjusting aid on the mechanical stage................................................. 2-13
Fig. 2-21 Axioskop 2 mot plus (rear).............................................................................................................. 2-14
Fig. 2-22 Changing the condenser ................................................................................................................ 2-15
Fig. 2-23 Attachment of condenser MOT ...................................................................................................... 2-16
Fig. 2-24 Changing the phase stop................................................................................................................ 2-16
Fig. 2-25 Changing the DIC prism ................................................................................................................. 2-17
Fig. 2-26 Attachment of filter mount............................................................................................................. 2-17
Fig. 2-27 Attachment of D polarizer .............................................................................................................. 2-18
Fig. 2-28 Attachment of SENARMONT DIC polarizer ..................................................................................... 2-18
Fig. 2-29 Changing the halogen lamp ........................................................................................................... 2-19
Fig. 2-30 HBO 100 W transformer................................................................................................................. 2-20
Fig. 2-31 Removing the HBO 103 illuminator................................................................................................. 2-20
Fig. 2-32 Removing the housing of the HBO 103.......................................................................................... 2-21
Fig. 2-33 Changing the HBO 103 W/2 mercury pressure short-arc lamp........................................................ 2-21
Fig. 2-34 Changing the fixed mechanical stage .............................................................................................2-22
Fig. 2-35 Changing the rotary mechanical stage............................................................................................2-22
Fig. 2-36 Centering the rotary mechanical stage ...........................................................................................2-23
Fig. 2-37 Setting ergo-drive........................................................................................................................... 2-24
Fig. 2-38 Changing the specimen holder ....................................................................................................... 2-25
Fig. 2-39 Changing the binocular tube .......................................................................................................... 2-25
Fig. 2-40 Attachment of intermediate tube with height adjustment .............................................................. 2-26
Fig. 2-41 Attachment of adapter for the Axioskop 2 plus .............................................................................. 2-27
Fig. 2-42 Changing the technique module .................................................................................................... 2-28
Fig. 2-43 Changing the filter set in the P&C FL reflector module ................................................................... 2-29
Fig. 2-44 Changing the beam splitter ............................................................................................................ 2-29
Fig. 2-45 Changing the beam splitter ............................................................................................................ 2-30
Fig. 2-46 Attachment of active coobservation equipment for 2 users ............................................................ 2-32
Fig. 2-47 Attachment of multi-observation equipment .................................................................................. 2-34
Fig. 2-48 Attachment of intermediate tube for image projection................................................................... 2-35
Page 35

Axioskop 2 plus START-UP Axioskop 2 mot plus Initial start-up Carl Zeiss

2 START-UP
The Axioskop 2 plus / Axioskop 2 mot plus can be installed, converted and started up by the customer himself.
However, it is also possible to have the microscope installed or converted by Zeiss service staff against an extra charge.
☞
Before installation and start-up of the microscope, make sure to carefully read the Notes on instrument safety.

2.1 Initial start-up

2.1.1 Unpacking and installation of the microscope
The basic instrument is supplied in a polyethylene case in cardboard packaging.
It contains the following components: binocular tube, objectives, eyepieces, condenser, 12 V / 100 W illuminator, microscope mat and various small parts, e.g. DIC slider, spare lamp, dust cover, tools bag.
The following components are factory-attached to the microscope stand: mechanical stage, specimen holder, filter mount, technique modules and epi-fluorescence equipment with adjusting aid.
Further, optional accessories are supplied in a separate case.
• Remove all components from the packaging
and use delivery note to check for completeness.
• Place instrument (2-1/1) on a vibration-free, flat
worktable on the microscope mat (2-1/2). The footprint of the Axioskop 2 plus microscope support is 500 mm x 400 mm (width x length).
• Properly dispose of original packaging, or keep
it for storage or return of the instrument to the manufacturer.
40
5 0
30
6 0
0 2
7 0
0 1
8
0
0
0
1
90
Fig. 2-1 Setting up the microscope
B 40-075 e 10/03 2-3
Page 36
START-UP Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Initial start-up Axioskop 2 mot plus
2.1.2 Attachment of binocular tube or phototube
All the binocular tubes included in the microscope configurations listed in section 1.3 or 1.4 can be attached to the Axioskop 2 plus / Axio- skop 2 mot plus as described below.
• Loosen hexagonal screw (2-2/3) using the SW3
ball-headed screwdriver. Remove dust covers (2­2/2) from the tube underside and the dovetail mount on the stand.
• Hold the binocular tube (2-2/1) or the binocular
Fig. 2-2 Attachment of binocular tube
phototube in a slightly inclined position and attach it to the stand mount (2-2/4). Turn the binocular tube in the required observation position and tighten the hexagonal screw using the ball-headed screwdriver.
Fig. 2-3 Inserting the eyepieces
☞
The eyepieces W-PL 10x/23 Br. foc. and PL 10x/23 Br. foc. can be used with all tubes (see pp. 1-6, 1-10).
2.1.3 Insertion of eyepieces and centering telescope
• Remove both dust covers (2-3/1 and 4) from the
binocular tube.
• Remove both eyepieces (2-3/2) from the cases
and insert them in the binocular tube until stop.
• The centering telescope (2-3/3), which is used
to view the aperture/phase/darkfield stops and to center phase and darkfield stops, can be inserted in one of the tubes instead of an eyepiece. The adjustable eyelens permits focusing on these stops and the setting to be fixed using a clamping screw.
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Inserting the eyepiece reticle
The eyepieces PL 10x/23 Br. foc. are intended for use with eyepiece reticles.
The slight image shift caused by the additional path through the glass is taken into account on the diopter scale by the fact that the zero point position is indicated not by the white dot (2-4/W), but by the red dot (2-4/R).
The eyepiece reticles (2-4/1) have been adhered to screw-in mounts (2-4/2) by the manufacturer to allow easy replacement.
To replace an eyepiece reticle, only remove screw­in mount (2-4/2) with eyepiece reticle (2-4/1) and replace it with a screw-in mount containing the required eyepiece reticle.
Fig. 2-4 Inserting the eyepiece reticle
☞
Compensation of ametropia when eyepiece reticles are used
The correct use of an eyepiece reticle requires two focusing eyepieces, e.g. E-PL 10x/23 Br. foc., to allow the user to compensate for differences in the visual performance of his two eyes.
• Use the focusing eyepiece to focus on the line figure of the eyepiece reticle; focus on the edge of the field of view if no eyepiece reticle is used.
• Use the focusing drive to focus on the microscope image of a specimen through the eyepiece set as described above.
• Then use the second focusing eyepiece to focus the microscope image for the second eye. The position of the focusing drive on the microscope stand must not be changed.
If eyepiece reticles are inserted into the unscrewed mount by the customer, attention must be paid to the labelling being visible the right way up after insertion.
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2.1.4 Setting of the interpupillary distance of the binocular tube
The eyepiece distance is matched to the user's individual interpupillary distance by swinging the eyepiece tubes symmetrically towards one another (2-5/A and (2-5/B).
2.1.5 Setting of viewing height
The viewing height can be set continuously in the range from 6 to 25° by changing the viewing angle of the two ergotubes. Furthermore, the binocular component of the ergotubes can be swivelled by 180°.
Fig. 2-5 Setting the interpupillary distance
of the binocular tube
Fig. 2-6 Screwing in of objectives
2.1.6 Screw in of objectives
• Move mechanical stage with carrier to the
lower stop position.
• Remove dust caps (2-6/2) from the respective
openings in the nosepiece.
• Remove objectives (2-6/3) from case and screw
them in nosepiece (2-6/1) clockwise one by one, starting with the lowest magnification. In the case of the Axioskop 2 mot plus, start with objective position No. 1 of the coded nosepiece.
☞
Make sure to use the dust protection caps on those nosepiece eyes which are not currently required.
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Axioskop 2 plus START-UP Axioskop 2 mot plus Initial start-up Carl Zeiss
2.1.7 Attachment of universal condenser
• Move stage carrier to the upper stop position via the focusing drive.
• Use lever (2-7/8) to fold out the front lens on the condenser or, in the case of the motorized version, swing it out by pressing the respective key. Unscrew both centering screws (2-7/3) until their ends are no longer visible.
• In the case of the motorized condenser (Axioskop 2 mot plus), plug connecting cable in the socket on the left front of the stand (2-8/1) and tighten screwing ring.
• Move condenser carrier (2-7/2) to the lowest position via drive for height adjustment (2-7/5).
• Insert condenser (2-7/1) between condenser carrier (2-7/2) and stage carrier (2-7/4). Orient the locking screw on the underside of the condenser in the direction of the groove (2-7/7).
• Press dovetail of the condenser against the spring mount (2-7/6) of the condenser carrier until the condenser can be placed horizontally on the condenser carrier.
• Let condenser go smoothly, the stud screw will lock in position at the front of groove (2-7/7).
• Screw in centering screws until they engage in the dovetail of the condenser.
Fig. 2-7 Attachment of universal condenser
☞
B 40-075 e 10/03 2-7
Other condensers which can be used are for example the achromatic-aplanatic condenser 1.4 H DIC as well as others from the Axioplan 2 line.
Fig. 2-8 Attachment of universal condenser
MOT
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START-UP Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Initial start-up Axioskop 2 mot plus
2.1.8 Connection to the line
• Connect microscope socket (2-9/2) to the line socket via a line cable. The microscope can be connected to line voltage between 100 and 240 VAC, 60 - 60 Hz. The power unit sets itself automatically to the available line voltage within this range.
• The HBO 103 illuminator (for epi-fluorescence) is supplied via a separate transformer. The HBO 100 W transformer must be connected to the line via its line socket (2-10/2).
Fig. 2-9 Axioskop 2 plus (rear)
2.1.9 Switch microscope and HBO 100 W
transformer on and off
• Switch the microscope on and off using the line switch (2-9/1).
• Switch the HBO 100 W transformer on and off using the line switch (2-10/1).
Fig. 2-10 HBO 100 W transformer
(front and rear)
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Axioskop 2 plus START-UP Axioskop 2 mot plus Initial start-up Carl Zeiss
2.1.10 HAL 100 halogen illuminator
(1) Attachment of HAL 100 halogen
illuminator
• Remove cover from transmitted-light tube (2-11/3).
• Insert dovetail 2-12/2) of lamp housing (2-11/1) in transmitted-light tube (2-11/3) on the instrument rear and use the SW 3 ball-headed screwdriver to tighten clamping screw (2-11/2).
• Connect 3-pin lamp plug (2-11/5) to 3-pin 12 V/100 W socket (2-11/4) on the instrument rear.
(2) Adjustment of HAL 100 halogen
illuminator
Fig. 2-11 Attachment of HAL 100 halogen
illuminator
a) Coarse adjustment
• Loosen clamping screw (2-11/2) and remove the halogen illuminator from the microscope stand.
• Switch on microscope as described under 0.
• Direct the light beam against a projection area
(wall) approx. 3 m away.
Do not look into the light exit opening of the illuminator.
• Set adjusting screw (2-12/3) using SW 3 ball- headed screwdriver in such a way that both images of the lamp coil are as sharply focused as possible on the projection screen.
• Then set adjusting screws (2-12/4 and 5) in such a way that the lamp coil of one image exactly fills the gaps in the reflector image (2-12/1).
Fig. 2-12 Adjustment of HAL 100 halogen
illuminator
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b) Fine adjustment
• Attach illuminator to the stand again and tighten clamping screw (2-11/2).
• Remove diffusion disk (3-1/15) and filters (3-1/18), if switched in, from the beam path.
• Focus on the specimen using objective ≤ 40x and search for a free object area.
• Remove eyepiece and center lamp coil and its reflector image in the pupil image using adjusting
screws (2-12/4 and 5).
• Use adjusting screws (2-12/3) to optimize the homogeneous illumination of the pupil image.
• Switch in diffusion disk and required filters.
2.1.11 HBO 103 illuminator
40
40
5
5 0
0
30
30
6
6 0
0
0
0 2
2
7
7 0
0
0
0 1
1
80
80
0
0 0
0 1
1
90
90
Fig. 2-13 Attachment of HBO 103 illuminator
(1) Attach HBO 103 W/2 mercury vapor
short-arc lamp
The HBO 103 illuminator and the HBO 103 W/2 mercury vapor short-arc lamp are supplied in separate packages for safety reasons.
Therefore, insertion of the HBO 103 W/2 lamp into the lamp housing is the first step to the start-up of this illuminator.
Insertion of a new HBO 103 W/2 lamp is described in detail on page 2-19, section 2.2.8 entitled "Changing the HBO 103 W/2 mercury vapor short­arc lamp".
(2) Attachment of HBO 103 illuminator
• Remove cover from the incident-light tube (2-13/1).
• Insert dovetail of lamp housing in incident-light tube (2-13/1) on the instrument rear and use SW 3 ball-headed screwdriver to tighten clamping screw (2-13/2).
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• Insert multi-pin plug of the HBO 103 illuminator (2-13/3) into socket (2-14/2) of the HBO 100 W transformer and secure it with captive coupling ring.
• Connect line cable to socket (2-14/1) of the HBO 100 W transformer first, then connect it to the line.
Fig. 2-14 HBO 100 W transformer
(3) Adjustment of HBO 103
Adjustment of the HBO 103 illuminator described below is performed in two steps: coarse adjustment and subsequent fine adjustment. The latter can be performed with or without adjusting aid (2-15/2) on the incident-light tube (2-15/1).
Coarse adjustment:
• Remove HBO 103 illuminator from the microscope stand by loosening clamping screw (2-13/2).
• Switch on HBO 103 on HBO 100 W transformer (2-10/1) and allow it to heat to operating temperature. Make sure not to look into the light exit opening of the illuminator.
• Direct light beam against a projection area (wall) approx. 3 m away.
• Used knurled knob (2-16/6) to focus on the brighter focal spot via collector adjustment.
• Use adjusting screw (2-16/4) and SW 3 ball- headed screwdriver to locate and focus on the slightly darker, reflected focal spot.
• Use adjusting screws (2-16/1 and 3) and SW 3 ball-headed screwdriver to set the height and side of the brighter focal spot in the same way as the focal spot image (2-18).
Fig. 2-15 Adjusting aid
Fig. 2-16 Adjusting HBO 103
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Fig. 2-17 Focal spots of HBO 103 before
coarse adjustment
☞
Fig. 2-19 Focal spot imaging via adjusting aid
The adjusting screws (2-16/2 and 5) should not be changed during coarse adjustment of the focal spots because they influence the reflector setting in the HBO 103 illuminator.
If required, the above settings for coarse adjustment of the HBO 103 illuminator can be performed repeatedly.
and knurled knob for focusing
Fig. 2-18 Focal spots of HBO 103 after coarse
adjustment
Fine adjustment using adjusting aid
• Attach HBO 103 illuminator to microscope stand as described in section 2.1.11 (2).
• Pull adjusting aid (2-15/2) out of the incident- light tube (2-15/1). The brighter focal spot of the HBO 103 W/2 lamp and its slightly darker reflector image become visible in the black glass window of the adjusting aid.
• Use knurled knob (2-16/6 or 2-19) to focus on the brighter focal spot via collector adjustment.
• Apply SW 3 ball-headed screwdriver on adjusting screw (2-16/4) to focus on the slightly darker, reflected focal spot of the lamp.
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• If required, set knurled knob (2-16/6) and adjusting screw (2-16/4) alternately until both focal spots have the same dimension (see Fig. 2-18).
• Use adjusting screws (2-16/1 and 3) to adjust the brighter focal spot in the adjusting circle, e.g. on the left side, in the same way as the focal spot image (2-19).
• Use adjusting screws (2-16/2 and 5) to adjust the dark focal spot in the adjusting circle, e.g. on the right side, in the same way as the focal spot image (2-16/7 and 2-18).
• Push in adjusting aid again.
☞
Fine adjustment without adjusting aid
• Attach HBO 103 illuminator to microscope stand as described in section 2.1.11 (2).
• Remove one objective from the nosepiece and switch empty opening in function position.
• Place a white sheet of paper on the mechanical stage.
• Fully open the precentered luminous-field and aperture diaphragms in the incident-light illumination beam path.
• The pupil image with the two focal spot images is now visible on the white sheet of paper. If required, reduce light intensity using attenuation filters in the 3-position or 6-position filter slider.
• Use knurled knob (2-16/6) to focus on the brighter focal spot via collector adjustment.
• Apply SW 3 ball-headed screwdriver on adjusting screw (2-16/4) to focus on the slightly darker, reflected focal spot of the lamp.
• If required, set knurled knob (2-16/6) and adjusting screw (2-16/4) repeatedly until both focal spots have the same dimension.
• Use adjusting screws (2-16/1 and 3) to set the brighter focal spot in accordance with Fig. 2-20.
• Use adjusting screws (2-16/2 and 5) to set the darker focal spot in accordance with Fig. 2-20.
The two focal spots of the HBO 103 W/2 lamp must not superimpose in the adjusting circle of the adjusting aid!
If required, the above settings for fine adjustment of the HBO 103 illuminator can be performed repeatedly.
Fig. 2-20 Focal spot imaging without
adjusting aid on the mechanical stage
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START-UP Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Initial start-up Axioskop 2 mot plus
2.1.12 Connect PC / Laptop to the Axioskop 2 mot plus microscope
Connect the PC to the Axioskop 2 mot plus microscope via the RS-232 serial interface (2-21/2) on the instrument rear.
Other interfaces on the instrument rear are designed as SUB-BUS (2-21/3) and combined CAN/SUB-BUS (2-21/1) connectors.
Fig. 2-21 Axioskop 2 mot plus (rear)
2.1.13 Attachment of round cable holder
The round cable holder supplied with the mechanical stages is suitable to hold and attach electric cables, e.g. cables of dictating machines. The round cable holder should be adhered to a suitable place on the microscope stand.
The round cable holder is also suitable for holding and storing the size 2 screwdriver on the microscope stand, e.g. behind the nosepiece or at any other freely accessible position of the stand.
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2.2 Attachments and conversions

☞
2.2.1 Changing the condenser
• Move stage carrier to the upper stop position via the focusing drive.
• Use lever (2-22/8) to fold out the front lens on the available condenser or, in the case of the motorized version, swing it out by pressing the respective key.
• Move condenser carrier (2-22/2) to the lowest position via drive for height adjustment (2-22/5).
• In the case of the motorized condenser (Axioskop 2 mot plus), loosen screwing ring (2-23/1, on the left of the stand) of connecting cable and pull off the connecting cable.
• Unscrew both centering screws (2-22/3) until condenser can be easily taken out of its mount.
• Lift available condenser from the orientation groove by slightly tilting it upwards and pull it out to the front.
• Use lever (2-22/8) to fold out the front lens on the condenser to be inserted or, in the case of the motorized version, swing it out by pressing the respective key.
• Insert condenser 2-22/1) between condenser carrier (2-22/2) and stage carrier (2-22/4). Orient the locking screw on the underside of the condenser in the direction of the groove (2-22/7).
• Press dovetail of condenser against the spring mount (2-22/6) of the condenser carrier until the condenser can be placed on the condenser carrier horizontally.
• Let condenser go smoothly; the screw will lock in position in the groove (2-22/7) at the front.
• Screw in centering screws until they engage in the dovetail.
The steps required for attachments to and conversions of the microscope are explained in the following. After this, the respective modules must be reset in a functioning status again.
Fig. 2-22 Changing the condenser
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• In the case of the motorized condenser (Axioskop 2 mot plus), plug connecting cable in the socket on the left front of the stand (2­23/1) and tighten screwing ring.
• The achromatic-aplanatic condenser 1.4 H DIC and other condensers from the Axioplan 2 line are also suitable for attachment.
Fig. 2-23 Attachment of condenser MOT
2.2.2 Changing the phase stop for phase
contrast or darkfield in the universal condenser (if required)
• Tighten both centering screws (2-24/1) until stop using SW 1.5 Allen screwdriver.
• To loosen the cover on the condenser underside (2-24/2), loosen both grub screws and remove the cover. Position turret disk with phase stop to be changed in the exchange opening and hold it on the knurled ring, since no click-stop is effective in this position.
Fig. 2-24 Changing the phase stop
• Use mounting device contained in tool set to unscrew retainer ring (2-24/4) from the condenser underside (2-24/2) and allow phase stop (2-24/3) to slide out.
• To insert the new phase stop, turn condenser round, insert the new phase stop, tighten retainer ring, loosen both centering screws and recenter phase stop using the centering telescope. Make sure that the correct label is visible on the knurled ring of the turret when the unit is swung into the beam path.
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2.2.3 Changing the DIC prism in the universal condenser
• To loosen the cover on the condenser underside
(2-25/1), loosen both grub screws using the SW 2 screwdriver and remove the cover. Position the turret disk containing the DIC prism to be exchanged in the exchange opening and hold it on the knurled ring.
• Unscrew retainer ring using the so-called
double-function tool (2-25/4).
• Now screw the tool in the prism mount (2-25/3)
with the threaded side (2-25/4) and pull out DIC prism (2-25/2).
• Remove DIC prism (2-25/2) from the tool and
screw on the new, required DIC prism.
• Installation of the DIC prism is made in reverse
order. Make sure that the DIC prism is oriented correctly (groove 2-25/5 must engage in the pinion of the mount). Make sure that the knurled ring of the turret disk is labelled
Fig. 2-25 Changing the DIC prism
correctly.
2.2.4 Attachment of filter mount
• Hold filter mount (2-26/5) parallel to the
underside of the condenser carrier (2-26/3) and screw holding pin (2-26/4) of the filter mount (2-26/5) into the front threaded hole on the left below the condenser carrier (2-26/3) until stop using the SW 2 angled Allen key (2-26/6).
• Use adjusting lever (2-26/1) to screw stop bolt
(2-26/2) into the rear threaded hole of the condenser carrier until stop.
Fig. 2-26 Attachment of filter mount
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2.2.5 Attachment of D polarizer
• Hold the polarizer (2-27/6) parallel to the bottom of the condenser carrier (2-27/3) and screw in the fastening bolts (2-274) of the polarizer (2-27/6) with angled adjusting lever (2-27/5) to the front threaded hole on the left below the condenser carrier (2-27/3) as far as the stop.
• Screw in the stop bolt (2-27/2) with the adjusting lever (2-27/1) as far as the stop in the rear threaded hole of the condenser carrier (2-27/3)
Fig. 2-27 Attachment of D polarizer
Fig. 2-28 Attachment of SENARMONT DIC
polarizer
2.2.6 Attachment of SENARMONT DIC
polarizer
• Hold polarizer (2-28/6) parallel to the underside of the condenser carrier (2-28/3) and screw stop bolt (2-28/4) of the polarizer (2-28/6) into the threaded hole on the left below the condenser carrier (2-28/3) until stop using the angled adjusting lever (2-28/5).
• Use adjusting lever (2-28/1) to screw stop bolt (2-28/2) into the rear threaded hole of the condenser carrier (2-28/3) until stop.
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2.2.7 Changing the HAL 100 halogen lamp
• Switch off the microscope as described in
section 2.1.9, remove plug (2-11/5) from 12 V / 100 W socket (2-11/4) and allow the instrument to cool down for approx. 15 mins.
• Loosen screw (2-29/5) until the lamp housing
can be removed in an upward direction.
• Press both spring levers (2-29/3) downwards
and pull out the old halogen lamp (2-29/2) in an upward direction.
• Press both spring levers downwards, insert new
lamp, with protection cap (2-29/1) being attached in lamp base (2-29/4), let go the spring lever and pull the protection cap off.
• Press spring lever briefly downwards again to
center the lamp.
• Attach lamp housing again and tighten
clamping screw (2-29/5).
Fig. 2-29 Changing the halogen lamp
2.2.8 Changing the HBO 103 W/2 mercury pressure short-arc lamp
Before opening the lamp housing, make sure that no connection to the electrical line is available.
The HBO 203 W/2 lamps may only be changed after they have cooled down. Allow the HBO 103 microscope illuminator to cool down for approx. 15 mins to avoid the risk of burns.
The HBO 103 W/2 lamp may only be removed from the packaging and inserted in the HBO 103 illuminator if a protective mask and safety gloves are worn.
All electrical clamping connections must be made carefully. Pronounced heat during operation may result in loose contacts.
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After expiry of the average operation time of 300 h, the HBO 103 W/2 mercury vapor short-arc lamp must be exchanged.
The operating time of the lamp can be checked on the counter (2-30/1) of the HBO 100 W transformer.
Follow the following steps when changing the HBO 103 W/2 lamp:
• Remove or unscrew the line plug and the HBO 103 plug from the HBO 100 W transformer.
• Wear protective mask and safety gloves.
• Use SW 3 ball-headed screwdriver to loosen
clamping screw (2-31/2) and remove HBO 103 illuminator (2-31/3) from the incident-light tube (2-31/1) of the microscope stand.
• Use focusing knob (2-32/3) to bring collector to
Fig. 2-30 HBO 100 W transformer
the position at the very front (in the direction of the light).
40
40
5
5 0
0
30
30
6
6 0
0
0
0 2
2
7
7 0
0
0
0 1
1
80
80
0
0 0
0 1
1
90
90
Fig. 2-31 Removing the HBO 103 illuminator
• Use ball-headed screwdriver to loosen clamping screw for lamp housing (2-32/2) and carefully remove lamp housing (2-32/1) from the lamp mount (2-33/3) in an upward direction.
• Press down the spring clip (2-33/4) remove the defective lamp (or transport locking pin) with heat sink from the holder in the illuminator socket (2-33/2). There is no need to break the wire connection.
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• Loosen the fixing screw (2-33/5) on the heat sink (2-33/6) and pull off the heat sink. If the heat sink does not come off (or cannot be replaced), unscrew the fixing screw completely, screw into the next hole and press down the heat sink with it.
• Dispose of the defective lamp properly.
• Insert the new lamp of smaller diameter into
the heat sink as far as the stop.
Pay attention to the correct hole diameter when inserting and do not apply force to the lamp. The holder in the heat sink is marked with H (for HBO) or X (for XBO).
Fig. 2-32 Removing the housing of the
HBO 103
• Clamp the fixing screw on the heat sink.
• Insert the new lamp (2-33/1) with heat sink
with the spring clip (2-33/4) pressed down in the holder provided in the illuminator socket (2-33/2). Make sure that the power cable to the heat sink is free at the side. Release the spring clip. Do not apply force to the lamp.
• Fit the illuminator housing (2-32/1) on the lamp mount (2-33/3) and clamp with the clamping screw (2-32/2).
• Connect HBO 103 plug and line plug to the HBO 100 W transformer.
• Adjust HBO 103 illuminator as described in section 2.1.11 (3).
Fig. 2-33 Changing the HBO 103 W/2
mercury pressure short-arc lamp
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2.2.9 Changing the mechanical stage
Depending on their type, mechanical stages can be bolted on or may be turned and centred. The range of movement in X direction is 75 mm and in Y direction 50 mm. The fixed stages have the drive either on the right or left. The rotatable mechanical stage has the drive on the right.
(1) Fixed mechanical stage 75x50 R
a) Removing the stage
• Unscrew 4 fixation screws (2-34/5) on the stage carrier (2-34/6) using angled SW 3 Allen key
Fig. 2-34 Changing the fixed mechanical
stage
(2-34/4)
• Remove stage (2-34/1) from the stage carrier in upward direction.
b) Attaching the stage
• Attach stage (2-34/1) to stage carrier (2-34/6) in such a way that the threaded holes (2-34/2) on the underside of the stage are positioned above the openings of the stage carrier (2-34/3).
• Insert four fixation screws (2-34/5) through the stage carrier from below and screw them in the stage underside; use the shorter screws on the front.
• Orient stage in x-y direction and tighten the fixation screws.
(2) Rotary mechanical stage 75x50/240° R
a) Removing the stage
• Loosen screwing cap (2-35/2) of spring housing with approx. 3 rotations.
• Press stage to the front against spring pin (2-35/1), lift it off the stage carrier (2-35/3) at the back and remove it in upward direction.
• Tighten screwing cap (2-35/2).
b) Attaching the stage
• Loosen screwing cap (2-35/2) of spring housing
Fig. 2-35 Changing the rotary mechanical
stage
with approx. 3 rotations.
• Attach stage to the spring pin (2-35/1) via dovetail groove.
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• Press stage to the front against spring pin and lower its back in the stage carrier (2-35/3), then let go.
• Tighten screwing cap (2-35/2).
c) Centering the stage
When objectives with a high magnification are used, centering can be exact for one selected objective only.
All stages are factory-precentered, i.e. a set specimen detail remains in the image center even when the stage is rotated. If the image detail moves from the image center (2-36/5) after stage rotation, recentering should be performed as follows:
• Loosen stage clamping screw (2-36/4) and screwing cap of the stage carrier (2-36/1).
• Rotate the stage to determine the maximum specimen deflection (2-36/5, tip of the arrow) in the direction of the eyepiece reticle.
• Reset the two centering screws on the stage carrier (2-36/2) using one SW 1.5 Allen screwdriver (2-36/3) each to move the specimen detail by half the arrow length in the direction of the crossline center. Check whether specimen detail moves when the stage is rotated again;
Fig. 2-36 Centering the rotary mechanical
stage
repeat the procedure, if required.
• When centering is finished, tighten screwing cap (2-36/1) again.
The stage can be turned 240° up to a range of y ≤ 27 mm. No rotation is possible above this range of movement.
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(3) Adjusting the travel on ergo-drive
On the mechanical stages with ergo-drive, the travel range of the X and Y adjustment can be extended by a max. 15 mm by axial movement of the drive buttons.
(4) Removing and mounting additional
sleeves
Both drive buttons are fitted with additional sleeves. These serve to provide an even finer setting of the object position. They can be removed if faster object movement is more important.
• First loosen the two clamping screws (2-37/4) of
Fig. 2-37 Setting ergo-drive
the bottom additional sleeve (2-37/3) and remove it downwards, then loosen both clamping screws (2-37/2) of the top additional sleeve (2-37/1) and pull this down and off as well.
• Mount the additional sleeves back on the drive knobs in reverse order and tighten both the clamping screws.
(5) Setting the smoothness (torque) of the two drive knobs of the ergo-drive
The ergo-drive is set to a medium smoothness value at the factory. This setting can be changed as follows.
a) Adjusting the X direction
• Remove the additional sleeves (2-37/1 and 3) from the drive knobs if necessary. Loosen the clamping screws to do so.
• Push the X drive knob (2-37/5) down and the Y drive knob (2-37/7) up.
• Hold the X drive knob (2-37/5) and turn the bright knurled ring (2-37/6) above it to the right (easy
action) or left (sluggish action) until the desired smoothness is achieved.
b) Adjusting the Y direction
• Hold the Y drive knob (2-37/7) and turn the bright knurled sleeve (2-37/8) above it to the right (sluggish action) or left (easy action) until the desired smoothness is achieved.
• Replace the additional sleeves if necessary and tighten the clamping screws.
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☞
(6) Changing the specimen holder
• Loosen two countersunk screws (2-38/1) using SW 2 Allen key (2-38/3).
• Remove specimen holder (2-38/2) from the mechanical stage (2-38/4) in an upward direction.
• Attach required specimen holder (2-38/5) to the mechanical stage and tighten two countersunk screws.
To ensure long life of the stage, the scuff from the specimen holders should be removed at regular intervals. Make sure that the scuff does not get into the guiding components for the x­movement.
Fig. 2-38 Changing the specimen holder
2.2.10 Changing the binocular tube
• Use SW 3 ball-headed screwdriver to loosen clamping screw (2-39/3) and remove available tube in an upward direction.
• Place dust cap (2-39/2) for tube lens protection above the dovetail of the binocular tube.
• Remove dust cap from the required tube.
• Insert dovetail of tube (2-39/1) in the stand
opening (2-39/4) and align the tube.
• Tighten clamping screw (2-39/3).
Fig. 2-39 Changing the binocular tube
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2.2.11 Attachment of intermediate tube with height adjustment
The intermediate tube with height adjustment may only be used in combination with a binocular ergotube.
When removing the intermediate tube and attaching the binocular ergotube, make absolutely sure to screw the tube lens into the binocular ergotube again. Otherwise, correct imaging of the specimen is not possible.
• Use SW 3 ball-headed screwdriver to loosen
clamping screw (2-40/7) and remove attached binocular tube in an upward direction.
• Remove dust cap (2-40/9) from the dovetail of
the intermediate tube with height adjustment (2-40/5).
• Insert dovetail of intermediate tube in the stand
opening (2-40/8) and tighten clamping screw (2-40/7) only slightly.
• Align intermediate tube with the outer edges of
the stand, then tighten clamping screw (2-40/7).
• Unscrew tube lens (2-40/2) from the binocular
Fig. 2-40 Attachment of intermediate tube
with height adjustment
ergotube (2-40/1). The tool from the storage case (2-40/3) must be used to remove the tube lens. Insert pins in the drilled holes of the tube lens mount and remove tube lens by turning. The tube lens should then be stored in the case.
• Remove upper dust cap (2-40/4) from the intermediate tube with height adjustment.
• Insert the binocular ergotube with the dovetail in the upper opening (2-40/10) of the intermediate
tube, align it and fix it with the clamping screw (2-40/6).
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2.2.12 Attachment of adapter for the Axioskop 2 plus
The adapter for the Axioskop 2 plus is used to attach intermediate tubes and/or tubes of the Axioplan 2 to the Axioskop 2 plus / Axio- skop 2 mot plus.
• Use SW 3 ball-headed screwdriver to loosen
clamping screw (2-41/5) and remove available tube of the Axioskop 2 plus in an upward direction.
• Insert dovetail of the adapter for the
Axioskop 2 plus (2-41/3) in the stand opening (2-41/6) on the underside and slightly tighten clamping screw (2-41/5).
• Insert fixation screw (2-41/2) in countersunk
hole of the adapter (2-41/3) and screw it into the drilled hole (2-41/4) on the stand.
• Tighten clamping screw (2-41/5) and fixation
Fig. 2-41 Attachment of adapter for the
Axioskop 2 plus
screw (2-41/2).
• Attach required intermediate tube and/or tube (2-41/1) of the Axioplan 2 to the adapter and clamp it
using screw (2-41/7) (also see the Axioplan 2 manual).
• Insert eyepieces with field number 23 into the Axioplan 2 tube (2-41/1).
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2.2.13 Installing and Removing “Push&Click” Modules
FL P&C reflector module # 000000-1046-281 Optovar module 1,25x (for transmitted-light only) # 000000-1046-284 Optovar module 1,6x (for transmitted-light only) # 000000-1046-283 Optovar module 2,5x (for transmitted-light only) # 000000-1046-282 Analyzer module D # 000000-1050-958
Installing a module:
• Pull the cover cap (2-42/1) off from the front of the reflector turret.
• Insert the module (2-42/3) with the retaining elements (2-42/4) attached to the right and left of the module from above at an angle into the spring clamps (2-42/2) on the reflector turret.
• Then press the module at the top until it also snaps securely into the top spring clamps of the reflector turret.
Aligning the respective module when installing it in the reflector turret:
Fig. 2-42 Changing the technique module
FL P&C reflector module
the excitation filter is facing forwards; the emission filter is facing upwards
Optovar module
the lens is facing upwards; the empty module opening is facing forwards
Analyzer module
the analyzer is facing upwards, the empty module opening is facing forwards
Removing a module:
• Tip the module slightly and pull it first out of the top spring elements and then out of the After removing or installing the reflector modules, insert the cover cap with the top two pins in the stand housing and press until the bottom retaining elements snap in.
• By switching the reflector turret three positions clockwise, the mounted module swings into the beam.
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2.2.14 Changing the filter set in the FL P&C reflector module
The filter sets for the FL P&C reflector module can be combined and assembled individually by the customer. Appropriate filter sets or fully assembled FL P&C reflector modules can be ordered from Carl Zeiss.
• Remove FL P&C reflector module (2-43/3) from
the reflector turret (also see 2.2.13).
• Use mounting device from the tool set to
unscrew retainer ring (2-43/1).
• Turn the reflector module around and allow the
filter (2-43/2 or 4) to drop on a soft surface.
• The barrier filter is inserted at (2-43/2), the
excitation filter at (2-43/4), and both are secured using retainer ring (2-43/1).
Fig. 2-43 Changing the filter set in the P&C
FL reflector module
2.2.15 Changing the beam splitter in the FL P&C reflector module
Attachment of filters and of the beam splitter requires utmost care to prevent damage and contamination of the optical components.
We would recommend you to order completely equipped FL P&C reflector modules, since changing the beam splitter requires much skill.
Otherwise, proceed as follows:
• Remove FL P&C reflector module from the
reflector turret (also see 2.2.13).
• Loosen the two slotted screws (2-44/1) with a
screwdriver.
• Hold both halves of the reflector module
together turn opposite to the installation position and place down.
Fig. 2-44 Changing the beam splitter
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• Now tip up the module half on top (2-45/1) and remove from the retaining elements (2-45/5b) of the bottom module half.
• Remove the beam splitter (2-45/2) and spring frame (2-45/3) from the bottom module half.
• Remove the old beam splitter and carefully place the new one with the reflective side facing downwards on the spring frame (2-45/4) and place both parts together in the bottom module half. Make sure that the side latch of the spring frame is in the appropriate recess in the bottom module half.
Fig. 2-45 Changing the beam splitter
The reflective side of the beam splitter is recognizable by carefully placing a wooden splint on the surface of the beam splitter. There is no spacing between the splint and its mirror image
• Place the top module half (2-45/1) on the bottom module half (2-45/4) (the retaining elements 2-45/5b grip the eyes 2-45/5a ). Hold both halves together and turn back to the installation position
• Re-insert the slotted screws and tighten them.
• Finally, attach the adhesive label with the name
of the filter combination to the side of the module.
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2.2.16 Attachment of active coobservation equipment for 2 users
The active coobservation equipment for 2 users can only be attached to a Axioskop 2 plus / Axioskop 2 mot plus microscope stand if the incident-light illuminator (e.g. HBO 103) has been removed.
• Use SW 3 ball-headed screwdriver to loosen clamping screw (2-46/12) and remove available tube in an upward direction.
• Remove dust cap (2-46/14) from the dovetail at (2-46/15) of the coobservation equipment (2-46/16).
• Insert dovetail of coobservation equipment in the stand opening (2-46/13) and tighten clamping screw
(2-46/12) only slightly at first.
• Align coobservation equipment with the outer edges of the stand and make sure that the support points on the coobservation equipment (below) and the stand (2-46/9) match exactly.
• Then tighten clamping screw (2-46/12) to prevent the coobservation equipment from shifting.
• Unscrew the tube lenses from the two binocular tubes (using the cover of one of the storage cases)
and put them in the cases.
• Remove upper dust caps (2-46/3 and 18) from the coobservation equipment.
• The front dovetail (2-46/17) of the coobservation equipment allows attachment of either the binocular
ergotube 6-25°/23 (2-46/1) or the ergo-phototube 6-25°/23 (100/100). The rear dovetail (2-46/4) allows not only the attachment of the two ergotubes, but also of the binocular tube 30°/23 (2-46/2) or the binocular phototube 30°/23. Then align the tubes and tighten clamping screws (2-46/8 and 19).
The binocular ergotube and the ergo-phototube 6-25°/23 provide an upright and unreversed image of the specimen in the eyepiece.
• Screw heat protection shield (2-46/6) to coobservation equipment from below using two fixation screws (2-46/7).
• Insert plug (2-46/11) of power unit (2-46/10, 115 V or 230 V) in the socket (2-46/5) on the coobservation equipment and tighten the screwing ring to prevent shifting.
• Connect power unit to the line (115 V or 230 V).
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1 Binocular ergotube 2 Binocular tube 3 Dust cap 4 Rear dovetail 5 Socket for power supply 6 Heat protection shield 7 Fixation screw 8 Clamping screw 9 Support point (stand) 10 Power unit 11 Plug 12 Clamping screw 13 Dovetail (stand) 14 Dust cap 15 Dovetail 16 Coobservation equipment 17 Front dovetail 18 Dust cap 19 Clamping screw
Fig. 2-46 Attachment of active coobservation equipment for 2 users
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2.2.17 Attachment of multi-observation equipment
We would recommend you to have assembly of the multi-observation equipment performed by Zeiss service staff (also see 4.5), since careful optical adjustment and centering of the fields of view of the various observation tubes is required. Should you want to perform assembly yourself, please proceed as follows:
• Remove binocular tube and intermediate tube (if available) from the stand (also see 2.2.10 ff.).
• Insert dovetail of multi-observation equipment (basic body) into the stand opening and tighten
clamping screw (2-47/1).
☞
• Insert the binocular tube or phototube 30°/23 (2-47/4) in the dovetail of the multi-observation equipment (2-47/3), align it and tighten clamping screw (2-47/2).
• Attach connecting piece L (2-47/5) or end connector L (2-47/7) to the left side of the multi-observation equipment, and connecting piece R (2-47/13) or end connector R (2-47/11) to the right side. Do not forget to remove the protection caps from the tube ends. Each pin must engage in the corresponding opening, then tighten the captive coupling nuts.
• Attach and clamp two binocular tubes for the multi-observation equipment (2-47/6) on each of the connecting pieces L (2-47/5) and R (2-47/13).
• When mechanically aligning the connecting pieces and end connectors, make sure that the field centering, based on the main observer tube (2-47/4), is retained. For this purpose, select a conspicuous specimen area and place it in the intersection point of the crossline disk (also see section
1.7). After assembly of the first connecting piece, insert the eyepiece with reticle in the respective coobservation tube and particularly adjust the height of the connecting tube using setting screw (2-47/12) until the selected specimen area is positioned again in the point of intersection of the eyepiece reticle.
• Attach and screw tight a further connecting piece L (2-47/5) or the end connector L (2-47/7) to the connecting piece L, and a further connecting piece R (2-47/13) or the end connector R (2-47/11) to the connecting piece R.
• Attach and clamp two binocular tubes for the multi-observation equipment on each of the end connectors R and L. Perform height adjustment using the eyepiece reticle.
• Insert plug (2-47/9) of power unit (2-47/10, 115 V or 230 V) in the socket (2-47/8) on the multi- observation equipment and tighten the screwing ring to prevent shifting.
• Connect power unit for light pointer (2-47/10) to the line (115 V or 230 V).
Prior to attachment, the tube lens must be removed from the binocular tube (or phototube) for the main user! The supplied D-filter must be screwed in instead of the tube lens. This brings the brightness of the image / pointer to the same level as the coobservation tubes.
The binocular tubes of the multi-observation equipment can be turned and fixed in position as required by the user. The multi-observation equipment with light pointer permits attachment of 2, 5, 9 and more observation devices.
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1 Clamping screw 6 Coobservation tube 11 End connector R 2 Clamping screw 7 End connector L 12 Setting screw 3 Dovetail 8 Socket for power supply 13 Connecting piece R 4 Binocular tube 9 Plug 5 Connecting piece L 10 Power unit
Fig. 2-47 Attachment of multi-observation equipment
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2.2.18 Attachment of intermediate tube
for image projection
The intermediate tube for image projection can only be used with the binocular tube from the Axioplan 2 line.
• Use SW 3 ball-headed screwdriver to loosen clamping screw (2-48/8) and remove available tube of the Axioskop 2 plus in an upward direction.
• Insert dovetail of the adapter for the Axioskop 2 plus (2-48/6) in the stand opening (2-48/9) on the underside and slightly tighten clamping screw (2-48/8).
• Insert fixation screw (2-48/5) in countersunk hole of the adapter (2-48/6) and screw it into the drilled hole (2-48/7) on the stand.
• Tighten clamping screw (2-48/8) and fixation screw (2-48/5).
• Attach intermediate tube for image projection (2-48/2) on the stand and tighten clamping screw (2-48/10) only slightly at first. Centering is performed using the dovetail.
• Insert second clamping screw with washer (2-48/3) in the drilled hole provided on the rear of the intermediate tube at (2-48/4), screw it in the rear threaded hole of the adapter and tighten it slightly.
• Align the intermediate tube with the edges of the upper stand part and alternately tighten clamping screws (2-48/3) and (2-48/10).
• Use the cover of the tube lens storage case to unscrew the tube lens from the Axioplan 2 tube (2-48/1) and store it in the case.
• Attach Axioplan 2 tube (2-48/1) without tube lens on the intermediate tube, align it with the edges of the intermediate tube and tighten clamping screw (2-48/11).
• Equip the Axioplan 2 tube (2-48/1) with eyepieces with field number 23.
Fig. 2-48 Attachment of intermediate tube
for image projection
☞
B 40-075 e 10/03 2-35
The zoom system always points to the right. The specimen is positioned on this side below the exit opening of the zoom tube.
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Axioskop 2 plus OPERATION Axioskop 2 mot plus Contents Carl Zeiss
OPERATION
Contents
3
OPERATION......................................................................................................................3-3
3.1 Overview of operation and function controls......................................................................3-3
3.1.1 Operation and function controls of the Axioskop 2 plus .....................................................3-4
3.1.2 Overview of operation and function controls of the Axioskop 2 mot plus .........................3-10
3.2 Switching on and basic settings........................................................................................3-18
3.2.1 Axioskop 2 plus................................................................................................................3-18
3.2.2 Axioskop 2 mot plus ........................................................................................................3-18
3.3 Illumination and contrasting techniques ...........................................................................3-24
3.3.1 Setting of transmitted-light brightfield according to KÖHLER............................................3-24
3.3.2 Setting of transmitted-light darkfield................................................................................3-27
3.3.3 Setting of transmitted-light phase contrast.......................................................................3-29
3.3.4 Setting of transmitted-light polarization ...........................................................................3-31
3.3.5 Setting of transmitted-light differential interference contrast (DIC) ..................................3-36
3.3.6 Setting of epi-fluorescence...............................................................................................3-39
3.4 Documentation ................................................................................................................3-41
3.4.1 Attachment of photomicrography equipment...................................................................3-41
3.4.2 Attachment of videomicroscopy equipment......................................................................3-43
3.4.3 Attachment of adapter for digital compact cameras .........................................................3-44
3.5 Multi-observation equipment ...........................................................................................3-45
3.5.1 Attachment of active coobservation equipment for 2 users..............................................3-45
3.5.2 Attachment of multi-observation equipment ....................................................................3-47
3.6 Drawing device ................................................................................................................3-49
3.6.1 Intermediate tube for image projection, switchable..........................................................3-49
3.7 Quantitative microscopy...................................................................................................3-50
3.7.1 Measurement of lengths ..................................................................................................3-50
3.7.2 Height measurement........................................................................................................3-51
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OPERATION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss List of illustrations Axioskop 2 mot plus
List of illustrations
Fig. 3-1
Operation and function controls of the Axioskop 2 plus .....................................................3-4
Fig. 3-2 Universal condenser ...........................................................................................................3-8
Fig. 3-3 Mechanical stage with specimen holder .............................................................................3-8
Fig. 3-4 Nosepiece with eyes for compensators and DIC slider.........................................................3-9
Fig. 3-5 Luminous-field diaphragm..................................................................................................3-9
Fig. 3-6 Operation and function controls of the Axioskop 2 mot plus ............................................3-10
Fig. 3-7 Motorized universal condenser.........................................................................................3-12
Fig. 3-8 Travel range of stage focusing (diagram)..........................................................................3-13
Fig. 3-9 Binocular ergotube...........................................................................................................3-14
Fig. 3-10 Binocular ergo-phototube ................................................................................................3-15
Fig. 3-11 Setting the interpupillary distance of the ergotube ...........................................................3-15
Fig. 3-12 Filter mount .....................................................................................................................3-16
Fig. 3-13 Intermediate tube with height adjustment........................................................................3-17
Fig. 3-14 Switch on manual mode ..................................................................................................3-21
Fig. 3-15 Set key.............................................................................................................................3-22
Fig. 3-16 LED array and pilot lamp ..................................................................................................3-22
Fig. 3-17 Microscope settings on the Axioskop 2 plus in transmitted-light brightfield ......................3-25
Fig. 3-18 Setting the height stop on the condenser carrier ..............................................................3-26
Fig. 3-19 Centering of darkfield stop on the universal condenser ....................................................3-28
Fig. 3-20 Centering of phase stop on universal condenser...............................................................3-30
Fig. 3-21 Centering of phase stop (bright in condenser) to phase ring (dark in objective).................3-30
Fig. 3-22 Components for transmitted-light polarization on the Axioskop 2 plus.............................3-31
Fig. 3-23 Determination of the vibration direction n
using the example of an artificial fiber ..........3-32
γ '
Fig. 3-24 Diagram of the Michel-Lévy color charts...........................................................................3-33
Fig. 3-25 Components for transmitted-light polarization on the Axioskop 2 plus.............................3-35
Fig. 3-26 Components for the transmitted-light DIC technique on the Axioskop 2 plus ...................3-38
Fig. 3-27 Components for Epi-fluorescence on the Axioskop 2 plus ................................................3-40
Fig. 3-28 Attachment of SLR camera, (e.g. Contax 167 MT) ...........................................................3-41
Fig. 3-29 Active coobservation equipment for 2 users .....................................................................3-46
Fig. 3-30 Attachment of multi-observation equipment ....................................................................3-48
Fig. 3-31 Attachment of intermediate tube for image projection from the Axioplan 2 line...............3-49
Fig. 3-32 Length measurement using scale 1 on the stage micrometer (object) and scale 2 on the
crossline micrometer (eyepiece)........................................................................................3-51
Fig. 3-33 Height measurement........................................................................................................3-52
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Axioskop 2 plus OPERATION Axioskop 2 mot plus Operation and function controls Carl Zeiss
3 OPERATION

3.1 Overview of operation and function controls

The Axioskop 2 plus / Axioskop 2 mot plus routine microscopes are offered in a manual version and in a version with motorized/coded components.
In the "Operation" chapter, the manual setting and operation functions are explained first, and the motorized / coded functions are explained afterwards, where necessary. However, many functions are identical in both versions.
Since the microscope software is only intended for the Axioskop 2 mot plus in combination with a PC, it will be dealt with in a separate manual (AxioVision Control).
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OPERATION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Operation and function controls Axioskop 2 mot plus
3.1.1 Operation and function controls of the Axioskop 2 plus
40
50
30
60
0 2
7 0
0 1
80
100
90
Fig. 3-1 Operation and function controls of the Axioskop 2 plus
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Axioskop 2 plus OPERATION Axioskop 2 mot plus Operation and function controls Carl Zeiss
Key to Fig. 3-1:
1 Eyepieces 2 Binocular tube 3 Centering screws for luminous-field diaphragm (incident light) 4 Pushrod for luminous-field diaphragm (incident light) 5 Compartment for filter slider 6 Centering screws for aperture diaphragm (incident light) 7 Pushrod for aperture diaphragm (incident light) 8 HBO / XBO adjusting aid
9 LED lamp voltage array 10 Pilot lamp 11 Control for light intensity 12 Color temperature key 3200 K 13 Focusing drive - coarse adjustment (on both sides) 14 Focusing drive - fine adjustment (on both sides) 15 Lever to swing in / out the diffusion disk 16 Drive for movement of the mechanical stage in the y-direction 17 Drive for movement of the mechanical stage in the x-direction 18 3 levers to swing in / out the filters in the transmitted-light filter magazine 19 Centering screw for universal condenser (on both sides) 20 Universal condenser 21 Mechanical stage with specimen holder 22 Nosepiece with objectives 23 Reflector turret 24 Luminous-field diaphragm (transmitted light) 25 Drive for condenser height adjustment 26 Stop for focusing drive 27 On / Off switch
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OPERATION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Operation and function controls Axioskop 2 mot plus
Eyepieces
− Both eyepiece versions, E-PL 10x/23 Br. foc. and W-PL 10x/23 Br. foc., enable compensation of ametropia of the user's eyes (see section 2.1.3) and also accept eyepiece reticles (see section 1.7).
Binocular tubes
− The four binocular tubes offered permit the individual setting of the interpupillary distance and the viewing height within set limits. Furthermore, the two ergotubes permit the viewing angle to be set individually within a range from 6 to 25°.
Centering screws for luminous-field diaphragm (incident light)
− Centering of the luminous-field diaphragm using the SW 3 screwdriver (see section 3.3.6).
Pushrod for luminous-field diaphragm (incident light)
− Continuous setting of the luminous-field diaphragm diameter (see section 3.3.6).
− Pushrod pushed in: fully open
− Pushrod pulled out: closed
Compartment for filter slider
− For 3-position or 6-position FL filter slider with 18 mm filter diameter.
Centering screws for aperture diaphragm (incident light)
− Centering of aperture diaphragm using SW 3 screwdriver (see section 3.3.6).
Pushrod for aperture diaphragm (incident light)
− Continuous setting of the aperture diaphragm diameter (see section 3.3.6).
− Pushrod pushed in: fully open
− Pushrod pulled out: closed
Adjusting aid for lamp adjustment
− The adjusting aid is used to adjust and center the HAL 100 halogen illuminator and the HBO 103 mercury vapor short-arc lamp.
LED lamp voltage array
− Indicates the present operating voltage of the halogen illuminator in 10 steps (3 ... 12 V).
Pilot lamp
− The LED-pilot lamp for the line voltage lights up in green when the instrument is switched on.
Control for light intensity
− Controls the DC voltage supply of the halogen illuminator in the range from 3 ... 12 V.
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Axioskop 2 plus OPERATION Axioskop 2 mot plus Operation and function controls Carl Zeiss
Color temperature key 3200 K
− When the color temperature key 3200 K is activated, LED step 9 lights up. The DC voltage 10.5 V is then available for the halogen lamp, which corresponds to the color temperature of 3200 K. This is required for photomicrography using color films (artificial light).
Focusing drive - coarse adjustment (coarse drive)
− Focusing drive for coarse adjustment available on both sides of the instrument: 1 rotation coarse = 6 mm
− Overall lift: 25 mm
Focusing drive - fine adjustment (fine drive)
− Focusing drive for fine adjustment available on both sides of the instrument: 1 rotation fine = 0.1 mm
Lever to swing in / out the diffusion disk
The integrated diffusion disk (3-1/15) is used to achieve homogeneous illumination, though at a slight loss of light.
− Lever in front position: diffusion disk swung out
− Lever in rear position: diffusion disk swung in
Drive for movement of the mechanical stage in Y
− Movement of the mechanical stage in Y, maximum travel range: 50 mm
− Adjustable torque (smoothness)
Drive for movement of the mechanical stage in X
− Movement of the mechanical stage in X, maximum travel range: 75 mm
− Adjustable torque (smoothness)
3 levers to swing in / out the filters in the transmitted-light filter magazine
− 3 switchable neutral-density filters to match the image brightness in the field of view, maximum attenuation factor: 1:4400; Lever correspond to (on the stand from front to back): 1.5 %, 6 % and 25 % transmission
− lever in front position: filter swung out
− lever in rear position: filter swung in
Centering screw for condenser
− Centering screws for condenser centering attached to both sides of the condenser carrier.
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OPERATION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Operation and function controls Axioskop 2 mot plus
Universal condenser
1
Depending on the version, the achromatic­aplanatic universal condenser (3-2/1) is equipped as follows:
− fold-out front lens.
2
5
− turret disk for:
brightfield - without or with DIC I, II, III darkfield - D phase contrast - Ph 1, Ph 2, Ph 3
4
3
Fig. 3-2 Universal condenser
interference contrast - DIC I, II, III.
− aperture diaphragm (iris stop). The front lens is folded in / out using lever (3-2/2).
Turning the turret wheel (3-2/4) swings the brightfield insert and the contrast stops in the beam path. The abbreviation of the set turret position (e.g. D) is displayed in one of the windows (3-2/5). Slider (3-2/3) opens and closes the aperture diaphragm.
Fig. 3-3 Mechanical stage with specimen
holder
Mechanical stage with specimen holder
− mounting, positioning and fixation of
specimens using specimen holder (3-3/1).
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Axioskop 2 plus OPERATION Axioskop 2 mot plus Operation and function controls Carl Zeiss
Nosepiece with objectives
− features compartment (3-4/1) for compensators
− W 0.8“ threaded mount for five objectives,
each with compartment for DIC slider (3-4/2)
− fast change of objectives by turning the knurled ring of the nosepiece (3-4/3).
Reflector turret
− Accepts the maximum of five technique modules such as the FL P&C reflector module and shutter plate for incident light and optovar module and analyzer module for transmitted­light
− Fast change of technique modules by turning the knurled ring of the reflector turret.
Luminous-field diaphragm
− Wheel (3-5/2) for the continuous setting of the luminous-field diaphragm (transmitted light).
Fig. 3-4 Nosepiece with eyes for
compensators and DIC slider
− Additional mount (3-5/1) for filters with diameter d = 32 mm.
Drive for condenser height adjustment
− Height adjustment of the condenser to set KÖHLER illumination.
Stop for focusing drive
− Adjustable height stop for stage focusing.
On / Off switch
− Position 0 = instrument switched off.
− Position I = instrument switched on.
Fig. 3-5 Luminous-field diaphragm
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OPERATION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Operation and function controls Axioskop 2 mot plus
3.1.2 Overview of operation and function controls of the Axioskop 2 mot plus
Fig. 3-6 Operation and function controls of the Axioskop 2 mot plus
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Axioskop 2 plus OPERATION Axioskop 2 mot plus Operation and function controls Carl Zeiss
Key to Fig. 3-6:
1 Motorized, 8-position FL excitation filter wheel for filter diameter 25 mm in epi-fluorescence (optional) 2 LED lamp voltage array 3 Pilot lamp 4 Control for light intensity 5 Motorized focusing drive (on both sides) for coarse / fine adjustment 6 Motorized universal condenser 7 Coded nosepiece with objectives 8 Coded reflector turret
9 Key for coarse / fine gear switchover 10 Key 11 Key 12 On / Off key for transmitted light 13 Set key
(for fast stage lowering) (for fast stage lifting)
Motorized, 8-position FL excitation filter wheel
− Coded and motorized filter wheel with 8 positions for dia. 25 mm filters especially for applications in
epi-fluorescence.
The filters can also easily be exchanged by the user:
• Loosen both knurled screws at the bottom side of the filter housing and fold up the side.
• Insert or replace filter and secure using the clamping ring.
• Close the filter housing and tighten the knurled screw.
LED lamp voltage array
− Indicates the present operating voltage of the halogen illuminator in 10 steps (3 ... 12 V).
− Indicates the speed in 10 steps for the focusing in the programming mode.
Pilot lamp
− The LED pilot lamp for the line voltage lights up when the instrument is switched on.
− During initialization of the instrument after switch-on, the pilot lamp lights up in orange.
− In the programming mode (see page 3-21), the pilot lamp lights up in green-orange.
Control for light intensity
− Controls the DC voltage supply of the halogen illuminator in the range between 3 and 12 V.
− Important note: When connected to the light manager, the control might be in one of the two stop
positions, although the light intensity on the instrument differs from the relevant values. To change the light intensity, the control must be moved out of its stop position. Setting can then be performed as usual.
Motorized focusing drive coarse / fine adjustment
− Focusing knob for coarse or fine adjustment on both sides of the instrument
− Average increments: 80 nm, reproducibility in the focusing range: 0.15 µm.
− Overall lift: max. 25 mm.
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OPERATION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Operation and function controls Axioskop 2 mot plus
Motorized universal condenser
Depending on the version, the achromatic-aplanatic universal condenser is equipped as follows:
− Motorized fold-out front lens.
− Motorized turret disk with brightfield insert, darkfield stop and phase stops (centering), DIC prisms
combined with iris stop.
− Motorized aperture diaphragm (iris stop).
In the motorized mode, the front lens, the turret wheel and the aperture diaphragm of the universal condenser are moved automatically to the preset positions or to the positions stored via the Set key.
In the manual mode, these functions are activated via the five keys on the front.
− Key "open aperture diaphragm" (3-7/1):
aperture diaphragm is opened (until stop) as long as the key remains pressed.
− Key "close aperture diaphragm" (3-7/2):
aperture diaphragm is closed (until stop) as long as the key remains pressed.
− Key "front lens on / off" (3-7/3): front lens is
5
4
3
2
1
Fig. 3-7 Motorized universal condenser
folded in or out alternately.
− Key "turn turret disk to the right" (3-7/4): turret
disk is moved on to the right by one position. To set the next position, let go off the key for a short moment.
− Key "turn turret disk to the left" (3-7/5): turret
disk is moved on to the left by one position. To set the next position, let go off the key for a short moment.
Coded nosepiece with objectives
− W 0.8“ mounts for five objectives, each with a compartment for a DIC slider.
− Fast change of objectives by turning the knurled ring of the nosepiece. The set nosepiece position is
recorded by the control unit.
− Coded nosepiece positions are marked by digits.
− Compartment for compensators.
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Axioskop 2 plus OPERATION Axioskop 2 mot plus Operation and function controls Carl Zeiss
Coded reflector turret
− Accepts the maximum of five technique modules such as the FL P&C reflector module and shutter
plate for incident light and optovar module and analyzer module for transmitted-light .
− The coded reflector positions are marked by digits.
− Fast change of technique modules by turning the knurled ring of the reflector turret. The set turret
position is recorded by the control unit.
Key for coarse / fine gear switchover
− Alternate switching of the gear between coarse and fine stage focusing.
☞
Key
− When the key is activated, the stage is moved downwards out of the focus position by approx. 6 mm.
The current focus position is stored.
− The specimen can be changed.
☞
To avoid squashing of your fingers during fast stage lowering (changing key), the Axioskop 2 mot plus has been equipped with a safety switch-off device. The switch-off point (3-8/3) is approx. 11 mm below the upper stop (3-8/1) of the entire travel range of 25 mm. If the safety switch-off point is passed during fast stage lowering by 6 mm (3-8/2), fast stage lowering is stopped immediately at the reached point. A short beep is heard. Further lowering of the stage is now only possible when the until the entire fast lowering range of 6 mm has been passed.
A beep is also heard when the upper (3-8/1) or lower (3-8/4) stop is reached, and the motorized focusing drive is switched off.
When a new objective is swung in the beam path via the nosepiece, the stage focusing is automatically set to fine adjustment.
for fast stage lowering
When the stage is in the low position, the motorized focusing drive is switched off.
key is constantly pressed
Fig. 3-8 Travel range of stage focusing
(diagram)
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OPERATION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Operation and function controls Axioskop 2 mot plus
Key
− When this key is activated, the stage is moved back to the focus position last stored.
On / Off key for transmitted light
− When this key is activated, the transmitted light is switched on or off.
☞
Set key
− Stores illumination and condenser settings and is used for programming.
for fast stage lifting
In the case of different specimen slide thickness, there is a risk of the specimen and/or the objective being damaged during fast stage lifting. The procedure can then be stopped immediately by pressing the
Transmitted light is always available when the microscope is switched on.
(fast stage lowering) key.
Binocular ergotube 6-25°/23
The binocular ergotube 6-25°/23 allows the viewing angle to be changed continuously in the range between 6° and 25° by swivelling the binocular component.
Fig. 3-9 Binocular ergotube
− To set the most convenient viewing angle,
swivel the binocular component (3-9/1) upwards or downwards.
− The viewing height can be changed by turning the entire binocular component around 360° (3-11).
− The interpupillary distance can be changed by separate adjustment of the two eyepiece tubes.
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Axioskop 2 plus OPERATION Axioskop 2 mot plus Operation and function controls Carl Zeiss
Binocular ergo-phototube 6-25°/23 (100/100)
The camera port (3-10/1) of the binocular ergo­phototube allows the attachment of SLR-cameras, microscope cameras and video cameras via the relevant adapters. The light can be directed either to the eyepieces or to the attached camera via a pushrod.
− Pushrod (3-10/2) pushed in:
100 % of the light for the eyepieces
− Pushrod (3-10/2) pulled out:
100 % of the light for the camera.
− To set the most convenient viewing angle,
swivel the binocular component (see 3-9/1) upwards or downwards.
− The viewing height can be changed by turning the entire binocular component around 360° (3-11).
− The interpupillary distance can be changed by separate adjustment of the two eyepiece tubes.
1
Fig. 3-10 Binocular ergo-phototube
2
Fig. 3-11 Setting the interpupillary distance
of the ergotube
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OPERATION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Operation and function controls Axioskop 2 mot plus
Filter mount
The filter mount allows three additional dia. 32mm color filters to be swung in the beam path together or separately.
• Insert filter in one of the three filter plates
(3-12/1).
3
1
2
• Swing filter plate into the beam path using grip
(3-12/2) until it engages in locking pin (3-12/3).
Fig. 3-12 Filter mount
Transmitted-light filter magazine
The transmitted-light filter magazine (3-1/18) can accommodate 3 swing-in neutral-density filters or the VIS/IR filter set for attenuation of the image brightness in the field of view. Each of these 3 neutral­density filters features graded transmission values of 1.5 %, 6 % and 25 % (viewed on the stand from front to back), thus permitting the maximum attenuation factor of 1:4400 when used individually or in a combination.
When several filters are combined, the transmission value is calculated as the product of the individual transmission values in percent.
Filter slider
The 3-position or 6-position FL filter slider (1-1/7) permits dia. 18 mm filters (e.g. PINKEL-type filters) to be inserted in the incident-light beam path. The position of the various filters in the beam path is locked via relevant notches in the filter slider.
The filter sliders can be equipped individually. For this purpose, only the rubber retaining ring must be removed.
Since the 6-position FL filter slider projects on the other side of the stand when pushed through, or can be inserted from both sides, the cover attached to the left of the stand as a standard must be exchanged for a special guiding piece, which is supplied together with the 6-position FL filter slider. The cover and the guiding piece are just inserted in the stand opening, i.e. they are easy to mount.
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Axioskop 2 plus OPERATION Axioskop 2 mot plus Operation and function controls Carl Zeiss
Intermediate tube with height adjustment
Attachment of the intermediate tube with height adjustment allows the viewing height of the Axioskop 2 plus to be increased continuously from 60 to 110 mm. This intermediate tube can only be used in combination with the binocular ergotube 6-25°/23 or the binocular ergo-phototube 6-25°/23 (100/100).
• Loosen clamping lever (3-13/2) of the tube. A system of springs presses the upper part (3-13/1) of the tube upwards.
• Press down upper part (3-13/1) or let go through the force of the spring until the required height is achieved.
• Tighten clamping lever (3-13/2).
Fig. 3-13 Intermediate tube with height
adjustment
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OPERATION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Switching on and basic settings Axioskop 2 mot plus

3.2 Switching on and basic settings

3.2.1 Axioskop 2 plus
• Switch the instrument on with the on / off switch on the instrument rear (3-1/27). The green pilot lamp (3-1/10) lights up.
• Set the required brightness using the control for light intensity. The LED array (3-1/9) indicates the present lamp voltage of the transmitted-light halogen illuminator.
3.2.2 Axioskop 2 mot plus
• Switch the instrument on with the on / off switch on the instrument rear (3-1/27).
After the microscope is switched on, the control unit will perform a system check of all the connected components. During the system check, the pilot lamp on the stand lights up in orange. After approx. 3 seconds, the microscope is ready for operation and is in the so-called automatic mode. The pilot lamp on the stand now lights up in green.
The Axioskop 2 mot plus features two different function modes and one programming mode:
Function modes:
− In the automatic mode (standard setting), the illumination is set automatically (light manager function) in accordance with the values last stored.
− In the manual mode, the function of the light manager is switched off. Illumination intensity and condenser settings must be made manually, as in the Axioskop 2 plus.
Programming mode:
− In the programming mode, the user can individually match and store the focusing speeds and focus positions of the various objectives (parfocality).
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Axioskop 2 plus OPERATION Axioskop 2 mot plus Switching on and basic settings Carl Zeiss
Overview of function and programming modes:
Function modes Programming mode automatic manual
Start
Settings
• Switch on Axioskop 2 mot plus with the on / off switch (3-1/27) (standard setting after each switch-on)
− Light intensity depending on objective (nosepiece) and technique module (reflector turret)
− Condenser turret position depending on objective (nosepiece) and technique module (reflector turret)
− Condenser front lens depending on objective (nosepiece)
− Aperture diaphragm opening depending on objective (nosepiece)
− Transmitted-light illumination depending on technique module
• Keep key "transmitted light
on / off" (3-14/1) pressed
and
• Switch on the Axioskop 2 mot plus with on / off switch (3-1/27) and wait until beep is heard after 3 s
• Set the Axioskop 2 mot plus in the same way as the Axioskop 2 plus
• Keep Set key (3-15/1) on
instrument rear pressed for more than 2 s until double beep is heard
− Focus positions depending on objectives (parfocality)
− Focusing speeds: 10 steps
End
• Switch off the Axioskop 2 mot plus with on / off switch (3-1/27)
• Shortly press Set key
(3-15/1) on instrument rear
Both function modes and the programming mode are described in detail on the following pages.
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OPERATION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Switching on and basic settings Axioskop 2 mot plus
(1) Illumination setting in the automatic mode (light manager function)
When switched on, the Axioskop 2 mot plus always starts in the automatic mode. The factory-aligned (average) values or the last stored settings of illumination intensity, condenser functions, transmitted light on or off (light manager function) are activated depending on the relevant nosepiece or reflector turret positions (see the following table). The condenser turret position has been factory-set to transmitted­light brightfield.
Action Turning the nosepiece Turning the reflector turret
Setting of light intensity Setting of light intensity
Reactions Switching of condenser turret Switching of condenser turret
Folding in / out of front lens Transmitted light on / off
Opening / closing of aperture diaphragm
transmitted light
The values for illumination intensity and the condenser functions can be changed manually any time. However, if a new objective is swung in via the nosepiece, or if a new reflector position is set, the microscope control will automatically set the illumination and condenser functions to the values stored for these positions.
If manually changed settings (e.g. light intensity and aperture diaphragm opening for KÖHLER illumination) are to be stored, this is possible by shortly pressing the Set key (< 1 second) on the instrument rear. The successful storing is confirmed by a short beep when the Set key is released. The settings are allocated to the current nosepiece and reflector turret positions and are available immediately (i.e. when nosepiece / reflector turret is swung in the same position again).
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Axioskop 2 plus OPERATION Axioskop 2 mot plus Switching on and basic settings Carl Zeiss
(2) Illumination setting in the manual mode
If required, the Axioskop 2 mot plus can be switched to the manual mode. Illumination intensity and condenser functions must then be operated manually, as in the Axioskop 2 plus.
The manual mode is set as follows:
• Switch off the microscope with the on / off
switch (3-1/27).
• Press, and keep pressed, the transmitted-light
on / off key (3-14/1).
• Switch the microscope on again with the
on / off key (3-1/27) and wait until beep is heard after approx. 3 seconds. Do not release the transmitted light on / off key (3-14/1) until
Fig. 3-14 Switch on manual mode
this beep is heard.
• The Axioskop 2 mot plus is then in the manual mode.
(3) Setting of parameters for stage focusing in the programming mode
When the parameters for stage focusing are set individually, the focus positions of the various objectives (parfocality) and the focusing speeds are matched to the appropriate objective magnification.
This is done in the programming mode, which is reached by pressing the Set key for more than 2 seconds.
The focus positions and focusing speeds are normally matched to the objective magnification only when the microscope is used for the first time or after the change of objectives in the nosepiece. To allow matching, the microscope must be set in the programming mode via several key functions.
Parfocality between the objectives is factory-set to zero. When matching the focus positions between the used objectives, always start with the dry objective with the highest magnification factor, since this features the smallest depth of focus. The focusing speed is factory-set to the maximum value for all objective positions to facilitate setting.
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OPERATION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Switching on and basic settings Axioskop 2 mot plus
The parameters for stage focusing are set as follows:
• Swing in the dry objective with the highest magnification factor via the nosepiece.
• Set reflector turret to transmitted-light position (see 3-1/23).
• Use fine adjustment for precise focusing on the specimen.
• Keep Set key (3-15/1) pressed for more than 2 seconds until double beep is heard. The
Fig. 3-15 Set key
programming mode for the setting of parfocality and to match the focusing speeds is now activated.
The pilot lamp on the right of the stand (3-16/2) lights up alternately from green to orange as long as the instrument is in the programming mode.
The focusing speed can be changed in 10 steps via the two keys for fast stage lowering / lifting (3-14/2).
− Key
− Key
: higher speed : lower speed
• The focusing speed can be matched to the
Fig. 3-16 LED array and pilot lamp
individual requirements by switching between coarse and fine adjustment (3-14/3) and by experimenting.
The set speed is indicated on the LED array on the right of the stand (3-16/1).
• Then precisely focus on the specimen again and turn the nosepiece to bring the objective with the next lowest magnification in the beam path.
By turning the nosepiece to the next position, the focus position and focusing speed values set for the previous position will be stored in the programming mode.
• Set focusing speed via the current objective, focus precisely on the specimen and store the settings by turning the nosepiece to the next position.
• Repeat these steps for all objectives. Oil immersion objectives should always be the last in the row of settings.
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Axioskop 2 plus OPERATION Axioskop 2 mot plus Switching on and basic settings Carl Zeiss
• Leave the programming mode by shortly pressing the Set key.
The end of the programming mode is confirmed by a beep when the Set key is released. The pilot lamp lights up in green again.
☞
If several reflector positions are to be used, (e.g. different reflector modules for incident light or Optovar modules for transmitted light), parfocality must be set and focusing speed matched in the programming mode separately for each reflector position in accordance with the steps described above.
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OPERATION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Illumination and contrasting techniques Axioskop 2 mot plus

3.3 Illumination and contrasting techniques

3.3.1 Setting of transmitted-light brightfield according to KÖHLER
(1) General principle
Transmitted-light brightfield microscopy is the most usual of all the optical techniques, since it allows the easy and fast viewing of high-contrast or stained specimens (e.g. blood smears).
For as true-to-object imaging as possible, indirect ray bundles, i.e. ray bundles diffracted and scattered on the specimen details, are of major importance in addition to the so-called direct ray bundles. The higher the portion of indirect rays (aperture), the more realistic the microscope image will be, according to ABBE's rule.
To utilize the entire optical performance of the microscope, especially of the objective, the condenser, the luminous-field diaphragm and the aperture diaphragm should be set in accordance with the rules for KÖHLER illumination. These basic rules of microscope setting are described in detail in section 3.3.1 (3) "Transmitted-light brightfield settings according to KÖHLER on the manual Axioskop 2 plus“.
(2) Transmitted-light brightfield equipment of the manual Axioskop 2 plus
Each manual Axioskop 2 plus configuration permits performance of the transmitted-light brightfield technique.
(3) Transmitted-light brightfield settings according to KÖHLER on the manual
Axioskop 2 plus
− The manual Axioskop 2 plus has been set up as described in chapter 2.
− The manual Axioskop 2 plus has been switched on.
• Set the image brightness via voltage control (3-17/1) on the microscope stand.
• Place a high-contrast specimen on the specimen holder of the mechanical stage.
• Swing in front lens of the universal condenser (3-17/3) (for objectives ≥ 10x) and use drive for height
adjustment (3-18/2) to move condenser to the upper stop. The stop must be set in such a way that the specimen is not touched by the condenser (for setting of condenser stop, see section 3.3.1 (4)).
• Switch turret disk of condenser (if available) to position H for brightfield via the knurled ring. If no separate brightfield position is available, the turret position (I, II, or III) can be chosen which does not contain a DIC prism. If all three positions are equipped with DIC prisms, switch off the analyzer in the reflector turret.
☞
3-24 B 40-075 e 02/01
One turret position of the universal condenser should remain empty for highest demands in transmitted-light brightfield.
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Axioskop 2 plus OPERATION Axioskop 2 mot plus Illumination and contrasting techniques Carl Zeiss
• Swing in 10x objective (yellow ring, see p. 1-12)
in the nosepiece (3-17/6) and focus on the specimen via drive (3-17/2).
• Close luminous-field diaphragm (3-17/4) until it
becomes visible (even if not in focus) in the field of view (3-17/A).
• Use drive for height adjustment (3-18/2) to
lower condenser until the edge of the luminous-field diaphragm appears in focus (3-17/B).
• Use both centering screws (3-18/3) of the
universal condenser to center the luminous-field diaphragm (3-17/C) and then open the diaphragm until its edge just disappears from the field of view (3-17/D).
40
5 0
30
6
0
0 2
7 0
0 1
80
00 1
90
• For aperture diaphragm setting (contrast), remove one eyepiece from the tube and look into the tube with your naked eye. Use sliding knob (3-17/5) to set the aperture diaphragm to approx. 2/3 ... 4/5 of the diameter of the objective exit pupils (3-17/E). In most applications, this aperture diaphragm setting provides optimum contrast at almost ideal resolution, and is therefore the best compromise for the human eye.
• Insert eyepiece in the tube again.
☞
Since field size and objective aperture change after every objective change, the setting of the luminous-field diaphragm and the aperture diaphragm must be repeated to obtain optimum results.
For < 10x objectives, the front lens of the condenser must be folded out and the aperture diaphragm fully opened. In the case of such large fields, the luminous-field diaphragm can also be used for better contrasting by reducing its opening until it becomes visible in the field of view.
Fig. 3-17 Microscope settings on the
Axioskop 2 plus in transmitted-light brightfield
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OPERATION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Illumination and contrasting techniques Axioskop 2 mot plus
(4) Setting the height stop on the
condenser carrier
• Loosen fixation screw of height stop (3-18/1)
using SW 3 ball-headed screwdriver.
• Use focusing drive to focus on the specimen.
• Close luminous-field diaphragm and image it in
focus via the height adjustment control (3-18/2) of the universal condenser.
• Carefully lift the condenser slightly without touching the specimen.
• Tighten fixation screw (3-18/1) of the height
Fig. 3-18 Setting the height stop on the
condenser carrier
(5) Transmitted-light brightfield configuration of the Axioskop 2 mot plus
Each Axioskop 2 mot plus configuration permits the performance of the transmitted-light brightfield technique.
(6) Setting the Axioskop 2 mot plus for transmitted-light brightfield according to KÖHLER
− The Axioskop 2 mot plus has been set up as described in chapter 2.
− Programming of the stage movement in Z, which covers the matching of focus positions and focus
speeds of the used objectives, has been finished.
− The instrument is switched on and is in the automatic mode.
Illumination intensity, condenser settings (position of the front lens, position of the turret disk and the opening of the aperture diaphragm) and the status "transmitted light switched on or off" are stored by pressing the Set key.
• Setting of KÖHLER illumination to be performed in the same way as described in section 3.3.1 (3) for the manual Axioskop 2 plus. Unlike this procedure, however, the luminous-field diaphragm must be fully opened after the correct setting of the condenser. Shortly press the Set key on the instrument rear after the last setting step to store the settings. A short beep is heard when the Set key is released to indicate that storage has been performed.
adjustment.
• The above diaphragm settings must be repeated for all objectives, since field size and objective aperture have different values.
☞
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For < 10x objectives, the front lens of the universal condenser must be folded out and the aperture diaphragm fully opened.
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Axioskop 2 plus OPERATION Axioskop 2 mot plus Illumination and contrasting techniques Carl Zeiss
3.3.2 Setting of transmitted-light darkfield
(1) General principle
On account of their light transmission, unstained biological specimens, such as bacteria or living cell cultures, are often barely or not at all visible in transmitted-light brightfield. This changes markedly if such specimens are viewed in transmitted-light darkfield, where the specimen is always illuminated using an aperture which is larger than that of the objective used.
In darkfield, only the diffracted and scattered light components, which are important for image formation, reach the objective, while the direct unchanged light bundles are directed past the objective. This is one of the reasons why even fine structures can be resolved, although they are below the resolving power of the light microscope and appear very bright on a dark background.
(2) Transmitted-light darkfield configuration for the manual Axioskop 2 plus and the Axioskop 2 mot plus
− Universal condenser with darkfield stop in position D and 0.76 ... 0.90 aperture on the illumination side
− Use of ICS objectives up to the maximum aperture of 0.75. Objectives with a higher aperture can only be used together with the above universal condenser if they feature an integrated aperture iris stop.
(3) Transmitted-light darkfield settings on the manual Axioskop 2 plus and
Axioskop 2 mot plus
• Setting of KÖHLER illumination is identical to transmitted-light brightfield, except that the highest aperture objective must be used instead of the 10x objective.
• Turn turret disk of the universal condenser to position D (for Axioskop 2 mot plus using key (3-7/4 or
5)) and swing in condenser front lens (for Axioskop 2 mot plus using key (3-7/3)).
• Remove eyepiece from the tube (replace it with the centering telescope) and check the centering of the darkfield stop in the objective exit pupil. If the central darkfield stop D in the universal condenser is outside or out of the center of the objective exit pupil, and if the exit pupil is not homogeneously dark, the darkfield stop must be recentered.
• To center the darkfield stop, use the two SW 1.5 (3-19/1 and 4) Allen screwdrivers and set the two centering screws (3-19/2 and 3) until the objective exit pupil is homogeneously dark. After centering, remove both SW 2 screwdrivers from the condenser.
If the two Allen screwdrivers are left in the motorized universal condenser by mistake, this provides no risk to the condenser drives, since these switch off automatically as soon as an obstruction is approached. After removal of the obstruction, the condenser can be used as usual.
☞
As dark a field background as possible is always the performance criterion for the darkfield technique.
B 40-075 e 02/01 3-27
Since the apertures of objectives with an integrated aperture iris stop are too high for transmitted-light darkfield, the aperture iris stop must be closed to the limit aperture of 0.75.
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OPERATION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Illumination and contrasting techniques Axioskop 2 mot plus
• Insert eyepiece in the tube again.
• If the height of the dark field condenser has
been set correctly and sensibly enough, any visible brightening in the field of view can be reduced, and the luminous-field diaphragm image will be almost perfectly in focus.
• Finally, match the diameter of the luminous­field diaphragm to the size of the field of view.
Fig. 3-19 Centering of darkfield stop on the
universal condenser
☞
Darkfield microscopy requires specimens to be considerably cleaner than in other techniques. Finger prints, dirt or dust particles in particular have negative effects, since they brighten the background of the field of view and decrease the contrast of the object image.
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Axioskop 2 plus OPERATION Axioskop 2 mot plus Illumination and contrasting techniques Carl Zeiss
3.3.3 Setting of transmitted-light phase contrast
(1) General principle
The phase contrast technique is ideal for examinations of thin, unstained specimens, e.g. culture cells. The human eye is unable to see phase differences (differences in refractive index and thickness) between the different cell components.
The phase contrast technique uses the optical modulators "phase stop and phase ring“ and the interference procedures during the formation of the intermediate image to change the small phase differences in intensity and color differences which are visible to the eye.
The high-intensity, direct light components are attenuated using the annular channel optically defined as "phase stop and phase ring", and a constant phase shift is applied. The indirect light components diffracted at different cell components, however, by-pass this optical channel and are influenced by the in-phase refractive index and the thickness differences in the specimen.
In the intermediate image plane, the differently influenced partial beams interfere and are enhanced or attenuated - depending on the phase position. This interference results in image contents displaying intensity and color differences which can be recognized by the human eye.
(2) Configurations of the manual Axioskop 2 plus and the Axioskop 2 mot plus
− Phase contrast objectives with phase rings Ph 1, Ph 2 or Ph 3 for different average numeric apertures which can also be used in brightfield without any restriction.
− Universal condenser with turret disk containing centering phase stops Ph 1, Ph 2 and Ph 3 for different average numeric apertures.
− The inserted phase stop on the universal condenser must match the appropriate label on the objective, e.g. Ph 1.
☞
In the Axioskop 2 mot plus, the allocation of the phase stop in the condenser turret to the relevant phase contrast objective in the nosepiece is stored after pressing the Set key. This ensures the combination of phase contrast objective and phase stop always being set correctly.
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OPERATION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Illumination and contrasting techniques Axioskop 2 mot plus
(3) Transmitted-light phase contrast settings on manual Axioskop 2 plus and
Axioskop 2 mot plus
• Swing phase contrast objective, e.g. Ph 1, in the beam path.
• Insert phase stop labelled like the phase contrast objective, e.g. Ph 1, using the turret disk of the universal condenser (with the Axioskop 2 mot plus
, use keys 3-7/4 and 5).
• To check centering and congruence of the bright phase stop (in condenser) with the dark phase ring (in objective), remove one eyepiece from the tube and replace it with the centering telescope. Use the correction device of the centering telescope to focus on the phase stop and the phase ring in the objective exit pupil.
• If congruence is not perfect (3-21/A), the two SW 1.5 screwdrivers (3-20/1 and 4) must be
Fig. 3-20 Centering of phase stop on
universal condenser
used on the two centering screws (3-20/2 and 3) to recenter the bright phase stop until complete congruence with the dark phase ring is achieved (3-21/B).
Fig. 3-21 Centering of phase stop (bright in
condenser) to phase ring (dark in objective)
• Insert eyepiece in the tube again.
Normally, however, centering is not required, since the phase stops are factory-centered and the centering is retained even if the universal condenser is removed from the condenser carrier and attached again.
To enhance the image contrast, an interference wide-band filter, green 32 x 4, can be placed on the luminous-field diaphragm or inserted in the filter mount (if available).
Complete phase contrast is only achieved if the bright phase stop (in condenser) and the dark phase ring in objective) are exactly congruent in the illumination beam path (3-21/B).
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Axioskop 2 plus OPERATION Axioskop 2 mot plus Illumination and contrasting techniques Carl Zeiss
3.3.4 Setting of transmitted-light polarization
3.3.4.1 Detection of birefringence
(1) Application
The transmitted-light polarization technique is used for specimens which change the polarization condition of light. These are called birefringent, e.g. crystals, minerals or polymers. If these birefringent substances are viewed between crossed polarizers (polarizer ⊥ analyzer), they are brightened while their surrounding remains dark.
Birefringent substances are recognized by the fact that they feature 4 bright and 4 dark positions between crossed polarizers when the microscope stage is turned around 360°. Interference colors ranging from gray (mostly with biological objects) to white, yellow, red and blue occur as a function of birefringence, thickness and orientation of the object. These interference colors can be of the 1
st
or a
higher order.
(2) Axioskop 2 plus and Axio-
skop 2 mot plus configuration
− Objectives suitable for polarization
− Rotary mechanical stage 75x50/240° R
− SENARMONT DIC polarizer or polarizer D (rotary
or fixed), unless a polarizer is integrated in the condenser
− Analyzer module D in the reflector turret
(3) Setting of Axioskop 2 plus and
Axioskop 2 mot plus
40
5
0
30
6
0
0 2
• Set the microscope as for transmitted-light
7 0
0 1
8
0
0
0 1
90
brightfield according to KÖHLER (see section
3.3.1 (3)).
• Center rotary mechanical stage (3-22/2) (see
section 2.2.9 (2)).
• Swing polarizer (3-22/1) in beam path and
position it to 0°, provided that a rotary polarizer is used.
Fig. 3-22 Components for transmitted-light
polarization on the Axioskop 2 plus
• Swing in analyzer module on reflector turret (3-22/3). The field of view now appears dark on account
of the crossed polarizers.
• Bring examination object in the field of view and turn it around 240° along with the rotary stage. Birefringent (anisotropic) objects now normally display the aforesaid color and intensity changes occurring during rotation between crossed polarizers. However, optically anisotropic substances can also remain dark if an isotropic direction, e.g. of optically uniaxial or biaxial crystals, is oriented parallel to the observation direction.
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OPERATION Axioskop 2 plus Carl Zeiss Illumination and contrasting techniques Axioskop 2 mot plus
3.3.4.2 Determination of the vibration direction n
γ '
(1) Application
The determination of vibration directions nγ, nγ' (direction with the absolutely and relatively highest refractive index), nα and nα' (direction with the absolutely and relatively lowest refractive index) in relation to morphological directions, e.g. of crystal surfaces, crystal needles or fibers, is an important
criterion for recognition. It is also used for the diagnosis of biocrystals (e.g. gout, pseudogout).
Fig. 3-23 Determination of the vibration direction n
using the example of an artificial fiber
γ '
(2) Axioskop 2 plus and Axioskop 2 mot plus configuration
− Eyepiece with reticle
− Objectives suitable for polarization
− Rotary mechanical stage 75x50/240° R (3-22/2)
− SENARMONT DIC polarizer or polarizer D (rotary or fixed), unless a condenser with integrated polarizer
is used.
− Analyzer module D in reflector turret
− Adjusting specimen for polarization microscopy (453679-0000-000)
(3) Setting of Axioskop 2 plus and Axioskop 2 mot plus
• Set the microscope as for transmitted-light brightfield (see section 3.3.1 (3)), taking care to ensure that the interpupillary distance of the binocular tube has been correctly set (see section 2.1.3 (2)).
• Center the rotary mechanical stage (3-22/2) (see section 2.2.9 (2)).
• Swing polarizer (3-22/1) in beam path and position it to 0°, provided that a rotary polarizer is used.
• Swing in analyzer module on reflector turret (3-22/3). The field of view now appears dark on account
of the crossed polarizers.
• Place Pol adjusting specimen on the microscope stage and turn the stage until the adjusting specimen is in dark position.
• Switch off analyzer and align crosslines with the cracks of the object.
• Then switch on analyzer again and remove the adjusting specimen. The transmission directions of
polarizer and analyzer are now parallel to the crosslines (polarizer E-W, analyzer N-S).
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