Toyota Avalon GSX30 Series Manual

FOREWORD
This repair manual has been prepared to provide essential in­formation on body panel repair methods (including cutting and welding operations, but excluding painting) for the TOYOTA AVALON.
Applicable models: GSX30 series
This manual consists of body repair methods, exploded dia­grams and illustrations of the body components and other in­formation relating to body panel replacement such as handling precautions, etc. However, it should be noted that the front fend­ers of the TOYOTA model is bolted on and require no welding.
When repairing, don’t cut and join areas that are not shown in this manual. Only work on the specified contents to maintain body strength.
Body construction will sometimes differ depending on specifica­tions and country of destination. Therefore, please keep in mind that the information contained herein is based on vehicles for general destinations.
For the repair procedures and specifications other than collision­damaged body components of the TOYOTA AVALON refer to the repair manuals.
If you require the above manuals, please contact your TOYOTA Dealer.
All information contained in this manual is the most up-to-date at the time of publication. However, specifications and procedures are subject to change without prior notice.
VIEWS OF THIS TEXT
Scope of the repair work explanation
This text explains the welding panel replacement instructions from the vehicle’s white body condi-
tion. W e have abbreviated the explanations of the removal and reinstallation of the equipment parts up to the white body condition and of the installation, inspection, adjustment and final inspection of equipment parts after replacing the weld panel.
Section categories
Each section has been divided as shown below.
Section Title Contents Examples
INTRODUCTION
Explanation of general body repair. Views of weld panel replacement instructions.
Cautionary items. Views of weld panel replacement instructions.
BODY PANEL REPLACEMENT
Instructions for replacing the weld panels from the white body condition, from which bolted parts have been removed, with individual supply parts.
Front side member replacement. Quarter panel replacement.
BODY DIMENSIONS Body aligning measurements. Dimension diagrams.
PAINT COATING
Scope and type of anti-rust treatment, etc. together with weld panel replacement.
Under coat. Body sealer.
Abbreviation of contents in this text.
The following essential procedures have been abbreviated. When actually working, conduct this
work properly. (1) Jack and lift operations. (2) Clean and wash removed parts, if necessary. (3) Visual inspection.
F10004A
F10001A
F10002A
F10003A
Glass Cover
Seat Cover
WRONG
WRONG
INTRODUCTION
IN-1
GENERAL REPAIR INSTRUCTIONS
1. WORK PRECAUTIONS
(a) VEHICLE PROTECTION
(1) When welding, protect the painted surfaces, windows,
seats and carpet with heat resistant, fire-proof covers.
(b) SAFETY
(1) Never stand in direct line with the chain when using a
puller on the body or frame, and be sure to attach a safety cable.
(2) Before performing repair work, check for fuel leaks.
If a leak is found, be sure to close the opening totally.
(3) If it is necessary to use a flame in the area of the fuel
tank, first remove the tank and plug the fuel line.
(c) SAFETY WORK CLOTHES
(1) In addition to the usual mechanic’s wear, cap and
safety shoes, the appropriate gloves, head protector, glasses, ear plugs, face protector, dust-prevention mask, etc. should be worn as the situation demands.
Code Name
A Dust-Prevention Mask B Face Protector C Eye Protector D Safety Shoes E Welder’s Glasses F Ear Plugs G Head Protector H Welder’s Gloves
INTRODUCTION
IN-2
2. HANDLING PRECAUTIONS OF PLASTIC BODY PARTS
(1) The repair procedure for plastic body parts must conform with the type of plastic material. (2) Plastic body parts are identified by the codes in the following table. (3) When repairing metal body parts adjoining plastic body parts (by brazing, frame cutting, welding, paint-
ing etc.), consideration must be given to the property of the plastic.
Code
Material
name
Heat
*
resistant temperature limit C (F)
Resistance to
alcohol or gasoline
Notes
AAS
Acrylonitrile Acrylic Styrene
80
(176)
Alcohol is harmless if applied only for short time in small amounts (e.g., quick wiping to remove grease).
Avoid gasoline and organic or aromatic solvents.
ABS
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene
80
(176)
Alcohol is harmless if applied only for short time in small amounts (e.g., quick wiping to remove grease).
Avoid gasoline and organic or aromatic solvents.
AES
Acrylonitrile Ethylene Styrene
80
(176)
Alcohol is harmless if applied only for short time in small amounts (e.g., quick wiping to remove grease).
Avoid gasoline and organic or aromatic solvents.
ASA
Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate
80
(176)
Alcohol is harmless if applied only for short time in small amounts (e.g., quick wiping to remove grease).
Avoid gasoline and organic or aromatic solvents.
CAB
Cellulose Acetate
80
(176)
Alcohol is harmless if applied only for short time in small amounts (e.g., quick wiping to remove grease).
Avoid gasoline and organic or aromatic solvents.
EPDM
Ethylene Propylene
100
(212)
Alcohol is harmless. Gasoline is harmless if applied only for short time in small amounts.
Most solvents are harmless but avoid dipping in gasoline, solvents, etc.
FRP
Fiber Reinforced Plastics
180
(356)
Alcohol and gasoline are harmless. Avoid alkali.
EVA
Ethylene Acetate
70
(158)
Alcohol is harmless if applid only for short time in small amounts (e.g., quick wiping to remove grease).
Avoid gasoline and organic or aromatic solvents.
E/VAC
Ethylene/ Vinyl Acetate Copolymer Resin
70
(158)
Alcohol is harmless if applid only for short time in small amounts (e.g., quick wiping to remove grease).
Avoid gasoline and organic or aromatic solvents.
PA
Polyamide (Nylon)
80
(176)
Alcohol and gasoline are harmless. Avoid battery acid.
PBT
Polybutylene Terephthalate
160
(320)
Alcohol and gasoline are harmless. Most solvents are harmless.
PC Polycarbonate
120
(248)
Alcohol is harmless.
Avoid gasoline brake fluid, wax, wax removers and organic solvents. Avoid alkali.
*Temperatures higher than those listed here may result in material deformation during repair.
INTRODUCTION
IN-3
Code
Material
name
Heat
*
resistant
temperature
limit C (F)
Resistance to
alcohol or gasoline
Notes
PE Polyethylene
80
(176)
Alcohol and gasoline are harmless. Most solvents are harmless.
PET
Polyethylene Terephthalate
75
(167)
Alcohol and gasoline are harmless. Avoid dipping in water.
PMMA
Polymethyl Methacrylate
80
(176)
Alcohol is harmless if applied only for short time in small amounts.
Avoid dipping or immersing in alcohol, gasoline, solvents, etc.
POM
Polyoxymethylene (Polyacetal)
100
(212)
Alcohol and gasoline are harmless. Most solvents are harmless.
PP Polypropylene
80
(176)
Alcohol and gasoline are harmless. Most solvents are harmless.
PPF
Composite Reinforced Polypropylene
80
(176)
Alcohol and gasoline are harmless. Most solvents are harmless.
PPO
Modified Polyphenylene Oxide
100
(212)
Alcohol is harmless.
Gasoline is harmless if applied only for quick wiping to remove grease.
PS Polystyrene
60
(140)
Alcohol and gasoline are harmless if applied only for short time in small amounts.
Avoid dipping or immersing in alcohol, gasoline, solvents, etc.
PUR Polyurethane
80
(176)
Alcohol is harmless if applied only for very short time in small amounts (e.g., quick wiping to remove grease).
Avoid dipping or immersing in alcohol, gasoline, solvents, etc.
PVC
Polyvinylchloride (Vinyl)
80
(176)
Alcohol and gasoline are harmless if applied only for short time in small amounts (e.g., quick wiping to remove grease).
Avoid dipping or immersing in alcohol, gasoline, solvents, etc.
SAN
Styrene Acrylonitrile
80
(176)
Alcohol is harmless if applied only for short time in small amounts (e.g., quick wiping to remove grease).
Avoid dipping or immersing in alcohol, gasoline, solvents etc.
TPO
Thermoplastic Olefine
80
(176)
Alcohol is harmless. Gasoline is harmless if applied only for short time in small amounts.
Most solvents are harmless but avoid dipping in gasoline, solvents, etc.
TPU
Thermoplastic Polyurethane
80
(176)
Alcohol is harmless if applied only for short time in small amounts (e.g., quick wiping to remove grease).
Avoid dipping or immersing in alcohol, gasoline, solvents, etc.
TSOP
TOYOTA Super Olefine Polymer
80
(176)
Alcohol and gasoline are harmless. Most solvents are harmless.
UP
Unsaturated Polyester
110
(233)
Alcohol and gasoline are harmless. Avoid alkali.
*Temperatures higher than those listed here may result in material deformation during repair.
INTRODUCTION
IN-4
3. LOCATION OF PLASTIC BODY PARTS
Parts Name Code Radiator Grille ABS Front Bumper Cover TSOP Front Bumper Hole Cover PC/ABS Headlight PP/PC Foglight PC/PE Cowl Top Ventilator Louver TSOP Door Window Frame Moulding ASA Door Outside Handle PA Outer Rear View Mirror ABS PPO Door Outside Moulding TPO Body Rocker Panel Moulding TPO Rocker Panel Moulding Protector PP License Plate Light PC Rear Combination Light PMMA/ASA Rear Light PMMA/ASA Rear Bumper Cover TSOP
HINT:
Resin material differs with model.
/ Made up of 2 or more kind of materials.
INTRODUCTION
F13890A
IN-5
HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL
1. BODY PANEL REPLACEMENT THIS MANUAL
INTRODUCTION
F13891A
IN-6
F13893A
INTRODUCTION
IN-7
2. SYMBOLS
The following symbols are used in the welding diagrams in section BP of this manual to indicate cutting areas and the types of weld required.
INTRODUCTION
F13894A
SYMBOLS MEANING ILLUSTRATION
Assembly Mark
BODY SEALER
(Flat Finishing)
BODY SEALER
(No flat Finishing)
IN-8
F13892A
INTRODUCTION
IN-9
3. ILLUSTRATION OF WELD POINT SYMBOLS EXAMPLE:
F10007A
F10008A
F10009A
F10010A
Cutting Okay
Reinforcement
Corners
WRONG
INTRODUCTION
IN-10
PROPER AND EFFICIENT WORK PROCEDURES
1. REMOVAL
(a) PRE-REMOVAL MEASURING
(1) Before removal or cutting operations, take measure-
ments in accordance with the dimension diagram. Al­ways use a puller to straighten a damaged body or frame.
(b) CUTTING AREA
(1) Always cut in a straight line and avoid reinforced area.
(c) PRECAUTIONS FOR DRILLING OR CUTTING
(1) Check behind any area to be drilled or cut to insure
that there are no hoses, wires, etc., that may be dam­aged.
HINT: See “Handling Precautions on Related Compo­nents” on page IN-15.
(d) REMOVAL OF ADJACENT COMPONENTS
(1) When removing adjacent components, apply protec-
tive tape to the surrounding body and your tools to pre­vent damage.
HINT: See “Handling Precautions on Related Compo­nents” on page IN-15.
F10011A
F10012A
F10013A
F10014A
F10015A
Less than 3 mm
Puncher
Air Saw
Overlap
20 − 30 mm
INTRODUCTION
IN-11
2. PREPARATION FOR INSTALLATION
(a) SPOT WELD POINTS
(1) When welding panels with a combined thickness of
over 3 mm (0.12 in.), use a MIG (Metal Inert Gas) welder for plug welding.
HINT: Spot welding will not provide sufficient durability for panels over 3 mm (0.12 in.) thick.
(b) APPLICATION OF WELD-THROUGH PRIMER
(SPOT SEALER) (1) Remove the paint from the portion of the new parts
and body to be welded, and apply weld-through prim­er.
(c) MAKING HOLES FOR PLUG WELDING
(1) For areas where a spot welder cannot be used, use a
puncher or drill to make holes for plug welding.
REFERENCE: mm (in.)
Thickness of welded portion Size of plug hole
1.0 (0.04) under 5 (0.20) ø over
1.0 (0.04) − 1.6 (0.06) 6.5 (0.26) ø over
1.7 (0.07) − 2.3 (0.09) 8 (0.31) ø over
2.4 (0.09) over 10 (0.39) ø over
(d) SAFETY PRECAUTIONS FOR ELECTRICAL COM-
PONENTS (1) When welding, there is a danger that electrical compo-
nents will be damaged by the electrical current flowing through the body.
(2) Before starting work, disconnect the negative terminal
of the battery and ground the welder near the welding location of the body.
(e) ROUGH CUTTING OF JOINTS
(1) For joint areas, rough cut the new parts, leaving 20 −
30 mm (0.79 − 1.18 in.) overlap.
F10016A
F10017A
F10018A
F10020A
F10019A
Body Measurement Diagrams
WRONG
CORRECT WRONG
Tip Cutter
Old Spot Locations
New Spot Locations
INTRODUCTION
IN-12
3. INSTALLATION
(a) PRE-WELDING MEASUREMENTS
(1) Always take measurements before installing under-
body or engine components to insure correct assem­bly. After installation, confirm proper fit.
(b) WELDING PRECAUTIONS
(1) The number of welding spots should be as follows.
Spot weld: 1.3 X No. of manufacturer’s spots. Plug weld: More than No. of manufacturer’s plugs.
(2) Plug welding should be done with a MIG (Metal Inert
Gas) welder. Do not gas weld or braze panels at areas other than specified.
(c) POST-WELDING REFINISHING
(1) Always check the welded spots to insure they are se-
cure.
(2) When smoothing out the weld spots with a disc grind-
er, be careful not to grind off too much as this would weaken the weld.
(d) SPOT WELD LOCATIONS
(1) Try to avoid welding over previous spots.
(e) SPOT WELDING PRECAUTIONS
(1) The shape of the welding tip point has an effect on the
strength of the weld.
(2) Always insure that the seams and welding tip are free
of paint.
F10021A
F10022A
F10023A
Sealer Gun
INTRODUCTION
IN-13
4. ANTI-RUST TREATMENT
(a) BODY SEALER APPLICATION
(1) For water-proofing and anti-corrosion measures, al-
ways apply the body sealer to the body panel seams and hems of the doors, hoods, etc.
(b) UNDERCOAT APPLICATION
(1) To prevent corrosion and protect the body from dam-
age by flying stones, always apply sufficient under­coat to the bottom surface of the under body and in­side of the wheel housings.
5. ANTI-RUST TREATMENT AFTER PAINTING PROCESS
(a) ANTI-RUST AGENT (WAX) APPLICATION
(1) To preserve impossible to paint areas from corrosion,
always apply sufficient anti-rust agent (wax) to the in­side of the hemming areas of the doors and hoods, and around the hinges, or the welded surfaces inside the boxed cross-section structure of the side member, body pillar, etc.
F10024A
Apply the anti-chipping paint after
the top coat.
Apply the anti-chipping paint before
the second coat.
Anti-Chipping Paint Top Coat
Second Coat Under Coat (ED Primer) Steel Metal
Top Coat Second Coat
Anti-Chipping Paint Under Coat (ED Primer)
Steel Metal
INTRODUCTION
IN-14
6. ANTI-RUST TREATMENT BY PAINTING
REFERENCE:
Painting prevents corrosion and protect the sheet metal from damage. In this section, anti-chipping paint only for anti-corrosion purpose is described.
(a) ANTI-CHIPPING PAINT
(1) To prevent corrosion and protect the body from dam-
age by flying stones, etc., apply anti-chipping paint to the rocker panel, wheel arch areas, balance panel, etc.
HINT: Depending on the model or the application area, there are cases where the application of anti-chipping paint is necessary before the second coat or after the top coat.
INTRODUCTION
IN-15
HANDLING PRECAUTIONS ON RELATED COMPONENTS
1. BRAKE SYSTEM
The brake system is one of the most important safety components. Always follow the directions and notes given in brake (32) section of the repair manual for the relevant model when handling brake system parts.
NOTICE: When repairing the brake master cylinder or TRAC system, bleed the air out of the TRAC sys­tem.
2. DRIVE TRAIN AND CHASSIS
The drive train and chassis are components that can have great effects on the running performance and vibration resistance of the vehicle. After installing components in the sections listed in the table below, perform alignments to ensure correct mounting angles and dimensions. Particularly accurate repair of the body must also be done to ensure correct alignment.
HINT: Correct procedures and special tools are required for alignment. Always follow the directions giv­en in the repair manual for the relevant model during alignment and section DI of this section.
Component to be aligned
Section of repair manual
for relevant model
Front Wheels Front Suspension (26) section
Rear Wheels Rear Suspension (27) section
3. COMPONENTS ADJACENT TO THE BODY PANELS
Various types of component parts are mounted directly on or adjacently to the body panels. Strictly ob­serve the following precautions to prevent damaging these components and the body panels during han­dling.
Before repairing the body panels, remove their components or apply protective covers over the com-
ponents.
Before prying components off using a screwdriver or a scraper, etc., attach protective tape to the tool
tip or blade to prevent damaging the components and the body paint.
Before removing components from the outer surface of the body, attach protective tape to the body to
ensure no damage to painted areas.
HINT: Apply touch-up paint to any damaged paint surfaces.
Before drilling or cutting sections, make sure that there are no wires, etc. on the reverse side.
4. ECU (ELECTRONIC CONTROL UNIT)
Many ECUs are mounted in this vehicle. Take the following precautions during body repair to prevent damage to the ECUs.
Before starting electric welding operations, disconnect the negative (−) terminal cable from the bat-
tery. When the negative (−) terminal cable is disconnected from the battery, memory of the clock and audio systems will be cancelled. So before starting work, make a record of the contents memorized by each memory system. Then when work is finished, reset the clock and audio systems as before. When the vehicle has tilt and telescopic steering, power seat and outside rear view mirror, which are all equipped with memory function, it is not possible to make a record of the memory contents. So when the operation is finished, it will be necessary to explain this fact to the customer, and request the customer to adjust the features and reset the memory.
Do not expose the ECUs to ambient temperatures above 80C (176F).
NOTICE: If it is possible the ambient temperature may reach 80C (176F) or more, remove the ECUs from the vehicle before starting work.
Be careful not to drop the ECUs and not to apply physical shocks to them.
INTRODUCTION
IN-16
PRECAUTIONS FOR REPAIRING BODY STRUCTURE PANELS
1. HEAT REPAIR FOR BODY STRUCTURE PANELS
Toyota prohibits the use of the heat repair method on body structure panels when repairing a vehicle damaged in a col­lision. Panels that have high strength and rigidity, as well as a long life span for the automobile body are being sought after. At Toyota, in order to fulfill these requirement, we use high tensile strength steel sheets and rust preventive steel sheets on the body. High tensile steel sheets are made with alloy additives and a special heat treatment in order to improve the strength. To prevent the occurrence of rust for a long period of time, the surface of the steel is coated with a zinc alloy. If a body structure parts are heat repaired with an acetylene torch or ot h e r heating source, the crystalline organization of the steel sheet will change and the strength of the steel sheet will be reduced. The ability of the body to resist rust is significantly lowered as well since the rust resistant zinc coating is destroyed by heat and the steel sheet surface is oxidized.
2. STRUCTURE PANEL KINKS
A sharp deformation angle on the panel that cannot be re­turned to its original shape by pulling or hammering is called kink. Since structure parts are designed to exhibit its perfor­mance in their original shape, if parts are deformed in an accident, or if the deformed parts are repaired and reused, the parts may become unable to exhibit the same perfor­mance as intended in the design. It is necessary to replace the part where the kink has oc­curred.
INTRODUCTION
IN-17
3. IMPACT BEAM REPAIR
The impact beam and bracket are necessary and important parts that help reduce the probability of injury to passen­gers in side collisions. For impact beam, we use special high tensile strength steel. The high tensile strength steel maintains its special crystal­line organization by heat treatment or alloy additives. Since these parts are designed to exhibit its performance in their origi n a l shape, if parts are deformed in an accident, or if the deformed parts are repaired and reused, the parts may become unable to exhibit the same performance as in­tended in the design. If the impact beam or bracket is damaged, replace the door assembly which has the damaged beam. Also, the bumper reinforcement is a necessary and impor­tant part that helps reduce the probability of injury to pas­sengers in front collisions, and for the same reasons ex­plained above, should be replaced if damaged.
INTRODUCTION
IN-18
ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS MANUAL
For convenience, the following abbreviations are used in this manual.
ABS Antilock Brake System A/C Air Conditioner assy assembly ECT Electronic Controlled Transmission ECU Electronic Control Unit e.g. Exempli Gratia (for Example) Ex. Except FWD Front Wheel Drive Vehicles 2WD Two Wheel Drive Vehicles 4WD Four Wheel Drive Vehicles in. inch LH Left-hand LHD Left-hand Drive MIG Metal Inert Gas M/Y Model Year PPS Progressive Power Steering RH Right-hand RHD Right-hand Drive SRS Supplemental Restraint System SSM Special Service Materials w/ with w/o without
F22065
3.7 mm (0.146 in.) 4.2 mm (0.165 in.) 4.8 mm (0.189 in.)
5.2 mm (0.205 in.) 5.4 mm (0.213 in.) 5.75 mm (0.226 in.)
5.4 mm
5.75 mm
3.7 mm
4.8 mm
4.8 mm
4.2 mm
4.2 mm
4.2 mm
5.2 mm
5.2 mm
BODY PANEL REPLACEMENT
IN-81
FIT STANDARDS
BODY PANEL REPLACEMENT
F22066
3.7 mm (0.146 in.) 4.5 mm (0.177 in.) 5.75 mm (0. 226 in.)
3.7 mm
4.5 mm
5.75 mm
IN-82
BODY PANEL REPLACEMENT
F22067
F22067A
REMOVAL
BP-1
RADIATOR UPPER SUPPORT (ASSY)
REPLACEMENT
BODY PANEL REPLACEMENT
F22068
POINT
1 Inspect the fitting of the headlight, front fender and hood, etc., before welding, since this affects the appear-
ance of the finish.
PART NAME
[A] Radiator Support Apron Brace
BP-2
INSTALLATION
Temporarily install the new parts and measure each part of the new parts in accordance with the body dimension
diagram. (See the body dimension diagram)
Inspect the fitting of the related parts around the new parts before welding. This affects the appearance of the
finish.
After welding, apply the polyurethane foam to the corresponding parts.After welding, apply body sealer and under-coating to the corresponding parts.After applying the top coat layer, apply anti-rust agent to the inside of the necked section structural weld spots.
BODY PANEL REPLACEMENT
F22069
296 mm (11.65 in.) 480 mm (18.90 in.) 866 mm (34.09 in.) 1,210 mm (47.64 in.)
POINT
1 Measure the dimensions before installing the headlight. 2 These values are reference values.
1,425 mm (56.10 in.)
1,425 mm
1,210 mm
BP-3
BODY PANEL REPLACEMENT
F22070
F22070A
REMOVAL
BP-4
RADIATOR SIDE SUPPORT (ASSY)
REPLACEMENT
With the radiator upper support removed.
BODY PANEL REPLACEMENT
F22071
PART NAME
[A] Front Bumper Upper Arm
[B] Front Bumper Side Support
BP-5
INSTALLATION
Temporarily install the new parts and measure each part of the new parts in accordance with the body dimension
diagram. (See the body dimension diagram)
Inspect the fitting of the related parts around the new parts before welding. This affects the appearance of the
finish.
After welding, apply the polyurethane foam to the corresponding parts.After welding, apply body sealer and under-coating to the corresponding parts.After applying the top coat layer, apply anti-rust agent to the inside of the necked section structural weld spots.
BODY PANEL REPLACEMENT
F22072
F22072A
REMOVAL
BP-7
FRONT CROSSMEMBER (ASSY)
REPLACEMENT
BODY PANEL REPLACEMENT
F22073
10 mm (0.39 in.)
BP-8
INSTALLATION
Temporarily install the new parts and measure each part of the new parts in accordance with the body dimension
diagram. (See the body dimension diagram)
Inspect the fitting of the related parts around the new parts before welding. This affects the appearance of the
finish.
After welding, apply the polyurethane foam to the corresponding parts.After welding, apply body sealer and under-coating to the corresponding parts.After applying the top coat layer, apply anti-rust agent to the inside of the necked section structural weld spots.
BODY PANEL REPLACEMENT
F22074
F22074A
REMOVAL
BP-8
RADIATOR SUPPORT (ASSY)
REPLACEMENT
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