Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, modifications,
enhancements, improvements, and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue
any product or service without notice. Customers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing
orders and should verify that such information is current and complete. All products are sold subject to TI’s terms
and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment.
TI warrants performance of its hardware products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in
accordance with TI’s standard warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are used to the extent TI
deems necessary to support this warranty. Except where mandated by government requirements, testing of all
parameters of each product is not necessarily performed.
TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. Customers are responsible for
their products and applications using TI components. To minimize the risks associated with customer products
and applications, customers should provide adequate design and operating safeguards.
TI does not warrant or represent that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any TI patent right,
copyright, mask work right, or other TI intellectual property right relating to any combination, machine, or process
in which TI products or services are used. Information published by TI regarding third-party products or services
does not constitute a license from TI to use such products or services or a warranty or endorsement thereof.
Use of such information may require a license from a third party under the patents or other intellectual property
of the third party, or a license from TI under the patents or other intellectual property of TI.
Reproduction of information in TI data books or data sheets is permissible only if reproduction is without
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Resale of TI products or services with statements different from or beyond the parameters stated by TI for that
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is an unfair and deceptive business practice. TI is not responsible or liable for any such statements.
Mailing Address:
Texas Instruments
Post Office Box 655303
Dallas, Texas 75265
Copyright 2002, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Page 3
EVM IMPORTANT NOTICE
Texas Instruments (TI) provides the enclosed product(s) under the following conditions:
This evaluation kit being sold by TI is intended for use for ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT OR EV ALUATION
PURPOSES ONLY and is not considered by TI to be fit for commercial use. As such, the goods being provided
may not be complete in terms of required design-, marketing-, and/or manufacturing-related protective
considerations, including product safety measures typically found in the end product incorporating the goods.
As a prototype, this product does not fall within the scope of the European Union directive on electromagnetic
compatibility and therefore may not meet the technical requirements of the directive.
Should this evaluation kit not meet the specifications indicated in the EVM User’s Guide, the kit may be returned
within 30 days from the date of delivery for a full refund. THE FOREGOING WARRANTY IS THE EXCLUSIVE
WARRANTY MADE BY SELLER TO BUYER AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER W ARRANTIES, EXPRESSED,
IMPLIED, OR S TATUTOR Y, INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
The user assumes all responsibility and liability for proper and safe handling of the goods. Further, the user
indemnifies TI from all claims arising from the handling or use of the goods. Please be aware that the products
received may not be regulatory compliant or agency certified (FCC, UL, CE, etc.). Due to the open construction
of the product, it is the user’s responsibility to take any and all appropriate precautions with regard to electrostatic
discharge.
EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT OF THE INDEMNITY SET FORTH ABOVE, NEITHER PARTY SHALL BE LIABLE
TO THE OTHER FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES.
TI currently deals with a variety of customers for products, and therefore our arrangement with the user is notexclusive.
TI assumes no liability for applications assistance, customer product design, software performance, orinfringement of patents or services described herein.
Please read the EVM User’s Guide and, specifically, the EVM Warnings and Restrictions notice in the EVM
User’s Guide prior to handling the product. This notice contains important safety information about temperatures
and voltages. For further safety concerns, please contact the TI application engineer.
Persons handling the product must have electronics training and observe good laboratory practice standards.
No license is granted under any patent right or other intellectual property right of TI covering or relating to any
machine, process, or combination in which such TI products or services might be or are used.
Mailing Address:
Texas Instruments
Post Office Box 655303
Dallas, Texas 75265
Copyright 2002, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Page 4
EVM WARNINGS AND RESTRICTIONS
It is important to operate this EVM within the specified input and output ranges described in
the EVM User’s Guide.
Exceeding the specified input range may cause unexpected operation and/or irreversible
damage to the EVM. If there are questions concerning the input range, please contact a TI
field representative prior to connecting the input power.
Applying loads outside of the specified output range may result in unintended operation and/or
possible permanent damage to the EVM. Please consult the EVM User ’s Guide prior to
connecting any load to the EVM output. If there is uncertainty as to the load specification,
please contact a TI field representative.
During normal operation, some circuit components may have case temperatures greater than
60°C. The EVM is designed to operate properly with certain components above 60°C as long
as the input and output ranges are maintained. These components include but are not limited
to linear regulators, switching transistors, pass transistors, and current sense resistors. These
types of devices can be identified using the EVM schematic located in the EVM User’s Guide.
When placing measurement probes near these devices during operation, please be aware
that these devices may be very warm to the touch.
Mailing Address:
Texas Instruments
Post Office Box 655303
Dallas, Texas 75265
Copyright 2002, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Page 5
Information About Cautions and Warnings
This book may contain cautions and warnings.
Information About Cautions and Warnings
Preface
Read This First
FCC Warning
This is an example of a caution statement.
A caution statement describes a situation that could potentially
damage your software or equipment.
This is an example of a warning statement.
A warning statement describes a situation that could potentially
cause harm to you.
The information in a caution or a warning is provided for your protection.
Please read each caution and warning carefully.
This equipment is intended for use in a laboratory test environment only. It ge nerates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and has not been tested
for compliance with the limits of computing devices pursuant to subpart J of
part 15 of FCC rules, which are designed to provide reasonable protection
against radio frequency interference. Operation of this equipment in other environments may cause interference with radio communications, in which case
the user at his own expense will be required to take whatever measures may
be required to correct this interference.
v
Page 6
Trademarks
Electrostatic Sensitive Components
This EVM contains components that can potentially be damaged by
electrostatic discharge. Always transport and store the EVM in its
supplied ESD bag when not in use. Handle using an antistatic
wristband. Operate on an antistatic work surface. For more
information on proper handling, refer to SSYA008.
Related Documentation From Texas Instruments
The URL’s below are correct as of the date of publication of this manual. T exas
Instruments applications apologizes if they change over time.
4-2THS6132EVM Bill of Material for Items 25 and 264-2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
viii
Page 9
Chapter 1
Introduction and Description
The Texas Instruments THS6132 evaluation module (EVM) helps designers
evaluate the performance of the THS6132 operational amplifier. Also, this
EVM is a good example of high-speed PCB design.
Two packages of the THS6132, THS6132PWP, and THS6132RGU, are
supported by this EVM. The schematics and the bill of materials indicate any
differences associated with the two packages.
This document details the THS6132EVM. It includes a list of EVM features, a
brief description of the module illustrated with a series of schematic diagrams,
EVM specifications, details on connecting and using the EVM, and a
discussion of high-speed amplifier design considerations.
This EVM enables the user to implement various circuits to clarify the available
configurations presented by the schematic of the EVM. The user is not limited
to the circuit configurations presented. The EVM provides enough hardware
hooks that the only limitation should be the creativity of the user.
The THS6132EVM provides a platform for developing high-speed operational
amplifier application circuits. It contains the THS6132 high-speed dual
operational amplifier, a number of passive components, and various features
and footprints that enable the user to experiment with, test, and verify various
operational amplifier circuit implementations. The PC board measures 4.21 by
3.01 inches. THS6132 high-speed operational amplifier EVM features include:
- Active termination capability (R3 and R12)
- Snubber circuit (R1 and C1), for use with active termination
- Hooks for a receive path signal (TP1 through TP4)
- Noninverting gain configuration for DSL
- High-pass filter (HPF) function for ADSL (C2 and R23)
- Short-loop length for the power supply differential high-frequency path
(C12, C14)
1.2THS6182EVM Operating Conditions
Supply voltage range, ±V
Supply current, I
For complete THS6132 amplifier IC specifications, parameter measurement
information, and additional application information, see the THS6132 data
sheet (SLLS543).
1.3EVM Default Configuration
As delivered, the EVM has a fully functional example circuit, requiring added
power supplies, a signal source, and monitoring instrument. See Figure 1-1
for the complete EVM schematic.
The default configuration has a differential gain of 2.22, as determined by R2,
R23, and R1 1 in combination with series matching resistors R6, R7, R15, and
R16, and a 50-Ω load on the outputs at J1 and J3.
Some components such as R20, R21, R24–R29, C3–C12, FB1, FB2, JP1,
JP2, J5–J9, and TP8–TP10, etc., are omitted on the application schematics
of Chapter 3 for clarity.
CC
(see the device data sheet)
CC
±5 to ±15 Vdc (see the device data sheet)
1-2
Page 11
EVM Default Configuration
Figure 1-1.Full Schematic of the Populated Circuit on the THS6132EVM (Default
Configuration)
IN1
U1A
J2
Z1R9
0 0
R8
*
R10
49.9
R4
14 (21)
R5
*
2 (4)
THS6132
+
-
TP1
15 (23)
12.4
R2
1 k
R6
TP2
R7
49.9
J1
OUT1
*
C2
R3
*
Z2R18
0
R17
IN2
J4
*
TP6 TP7TP5
C20
22 F22 F
C6
22 F
**
* Not Installed
** Installed Near U1
+VCC H
+
**
+VCC L
+
J8
J7
0.1 F
R23
Z3
500
*
R13
*
R14
*
12 (20)
3 (5)
0
R19
49.9
J9
-VCC H
FB4
+V H**-V H
C14
1 of
50 V10 k
FB1
+V H
-V H
C12
1 of
50 V
J5
-VCC L
FB3
C16
C17C18
0.1 F0.1 F
FB2
C7
22 F
C8C10
0.1 F0.1 F
R12
THS6132
+
+
+
**
*
U1B
11 (18)
J6
GND
TP3
R29
10 k
R30
R11
1 k
R22
R15
TP10
R21
TP10
JP2
100 k
JP3
100 k
+VH
-VH
R1
+V
C1
*
*
TP4
+V
10 k
R26
10 k
7 (10)
18 (26)
17 (25)
8 (15)
9 (16)
4 (7)
21 (33)
R25
6 (9)
R16
49.9 12.4
R20
100 k
BIAS-2
BIAS-3
GND
TP9
R28
5 (8)
BIAS-1
VREF
U1C
THS6132
J3
OUT2
+V
JP1
10 k
1 (2)
16 (27, 28, 29)
10 (12, 13, 14)
R24
10 k
TP8
R27
0 k
+VL
-VL
Note:1. Component pin numbers shown are for THS6132RGW while pin numbers in parentheses are for THS6132VFP.
Note:2. The pin marked 21 (33) is connected to the PowerPAD.
Introduction and Description
1-3
Page 12
1-4
Page 13
This section describes how to connect the THS6132EVM to test equipment.
It is recommended that the user connect the EVM as described in this section
to avoid damage to the EVM or the THS6132 installed on the board.
Figure 2-1. Interconnection Diagram
Chapter 2
Using the THS6132EVM
Using the THS6132EVM
2-1
Page 14
Figure 2-1 shows the connections to measure the output signal of output 1
while a single-ended signal is inserted into EVM channel 1’s noninverting
input. If the oscilloscope input is connected to J3 and the signal source is
connected to J2, EVM channel 2 is also configured for a noninverting signal
path. When the oscilloscope’s input impedance is 50 Ω, the voltage gain from
J2 to J3 is 1.33 V.
If a balanced (differential) signal is inserted into J2 and J4, a balanced signal
is present at J1 and J3.
2-2
Page 15
Chapter 3
THS6132EVM Applications
Example applications are presented in this chapter. These applications
demonstrate the most popular circuits, but many other circuits can be
constructed. The user is encouraged to experiment with different circuits,
exploring new and creative design techniques.
The THS6132EVM default configuration is a fully differential input, fully
differential output gain of about 2.2 (at the output connectors using an
instrument with 50-Ω load on each input). A simplified schematic is shown in
Figure 3-1. This gain is calculated according to an equation that is similar to
the one that describes an instrumentation amplifier:
VO(diff)
where
R2 = R11
Series resistors R6, R7, R15 and R16 affect output voltage at J1 and J3. The
designer needs to take the voltage divider law into account for their load
impedance and R6, R7, R15 and R16. When a designer monitors the output
at TP1 and TP3 using a high-impedance differential probe, the default gain is
5 V.
Figure 3-1.Default Configuration Operation
J2
IN1
Z1
0 0
R9
R10
44.9 R2
2 (4)
14(21)
VI(diff)
+
-
+ 1 )
U1A
THS6132
15 (23)
2 R2
R23
TP1
R6
12.4 49.9
1 k
TP2
R7
(1)Differential gain +
J1
OUT1
C2
0.1 F
R23
500
U1B
3 (5)
THS6182
+
J4
IN2
Note:Component pin numbers shown are for THS6132RGW while pin numbers in parentheses are for THS6132VFP.
Z2R18
0 0
R19
44.9
12 (20)
TP3
11 (18)
R11
1 k
R15
12.4
TP4
R16
49.9
J3
OUT2
3-2
Page 17
3.2Active Termination
Although this application is specifically for use as an ADSL line driver, the
principals shown can be applied to other applications.
Active termination is a technique that allows the designer to use a small value
resistor for the series resistance (R6 and, or R15). The circuit then utilizes
positive feedback to make the impedance of this resistor appear much larger ,
when looking from the line-side. This accomplishes two things:
- A very small resistance exists between the amplifier and the transformer.
This lowers the output voltage swing range required from the driver stage.
- Proper matching impedance appears when looking from the line to the
amplifier.
Figure 3-2 shows the basic circuit for differential positive feedback.
Figure 3-2.Differential Positive Feedback
J2
Vin1
Z1R9
0 0
R10
49.9
U1A
THS6132
2
+
14
-
2(5)
TP1
Vo1
R2 = RF
1 k
Active Termination
R6 = Rs
12.4
J4
Vin2
Z2R18
0 0
R19
49.9
C2
0.1 F
R23 = 2 RG
500
12
-
3
+
U1B
THS6132
R3 = Rp
2 k
R12 = Rp
2 k
TP3
Vo2
11
R11 = RF
12 k
R15 = Rs
12.4
C1
R1
TP2
Vout+
TP4
Vout+
1:n
Note:Component pin numbers shown are for THS6132RGW while pin numbers in parentheses are for THS6132VFP.
THS6132EVM Applications
V Line
Line =
100
3-3
Page 18
Active Termination
Active feedback creates larger impedance (Z) than what is actually placed
there by series resistors RS:
R
1–
S
R
F
R
P
(2)Z(W) +
The important thing to consider is that regardless of the forward gain from V
to VO, the active impedance (Z) value remains constant.
Solving equation 2 for Rp, the following equation is produced:
R
+
P
Using Z = 50 Ω and values from Figure 3-2 in equation 3, yields 1330 Ω for
RP.
Now that the return impedance is corrected, forward voltage gain from input
to output is calculated. Equation 3 shows the simplified forward gain from V
to VO.
V
+
V
V
where
R
F
R
S
1 *
P
R
RG|| R
F
Ǔǒ
P
F
Ǔ
P
R
L
RL)R
if RLtt R
Ǔ
S
P
+
LINE
2n
1 ) ǒ
1 * ǒ
2
R
R
"
O
"
in
R
+
L
(3)R
(4)A
(5)
in
in
3-4
With a transformer ratio( n ) of 1 and a R
When the value RL and the values in Figure 3-2 are used in equation 4, the
resulting voltage gain is 14.5. Because RG does not affect the value of the
apparent output impedance of the circuit, voltage gain can be adjusted by
changing RG.
The reader is cautioned that active termination is a very complex topic, with
many considerations. Carefully read the Texas Instruments Application
Report Active Output Impedance for ADSL Line Drivers, (SLOA100) to gain
a more complete understanding of the topic and all the subtle implications of
active termination.
R1 and C1 are located on the EVM so that a snubber circuit may be
implemented. Some transformers have a high resonant frequency (as low as
25 MHz but as high as 150 MHz). When using traditional termination (just R6,
and R15—no active termination), there is typically not a reason to use these
components. But, when active termination is used, the effective impedance of
these two resistor values drops substantially. Thus, there can be very small
of 100 Ω, RL is 50 Ω.
LINE
Page 19
Active Termination
resistor isolation between the amplifier and the transformer, causing a
resonance problem. Couple this with the feedback path of R3 and R12, and
this can cause the amplifier to oscillate. The snubber is utilized to eliminate this
oscillation. As a rule of thumb, to select the proper snubber values, select:
R19 + 2
LINE
2
n
(6)
R
Then select C5:
C1 +
2 p R1 F
1
(7)
C
where FC = at least 10X the highest operating frequency (1.104 MHz is the
highest ADSL operating frequency). 20X or even larger may be preferable.
THS6132EVM Applications
3-5
Page 20
Receive Path Implementation
3.3Receive Path Implementation
Test points TP1 through TP4 are located on the EVM to facilitate the addition
of the receive signal path to the signal chain as shown in Figure 3-3. When
implementing the receive path, a hybrid must be used, as ADSL is full duplex.
The hybrid cancels out the TX signal and allows the RX signal from the line to
come through. The THS6132 EVM does not have receive or hybrid circuitry
included. Texas Instruments assumes that the customer has a proprietary
hybrid design, and therefore they would prefer to implement it. The user should
know their nominal line impedance characteristics and thus should be able to
match them better. Texas Instruments does have an EVM that contains a
THS6062 ADSL receiver, and this EVM can be purchased separately to
facilitate construction of a complete ADSL transmit/receive interface.
Figure 3-3.Implementation of the Receive Signal Path
2R
J2
Vin1
Z1
0 0
R9
R10
49.9
2 (4)
14 (21)
+
-
U1A
THS6132
15 (23)
TP1
Vo1
R6 = Rs
12.4
R2 = RF
1 k
R
+V
U2A
8
THS6062
2
-
3
+
4
R
RX Vout+
7
J4
Vin2
Z2
0 0
R18
R19
49.9
12 (20)
3 (5)
C2
0.1 F
R23=2 RG
500
U1B
THS6132
+
R3 = Rp
? k
R12 = Rp
? k
11 (18)
R11 = RF
R15 = Rs
12.4
TP3
Vo 2
C1
R1
2R
TP2
Vout+
TP4
Vout-
V Line
1:n
TP4
Line =
100
R
R
U2B
6
5
THS6062
+
RX Vout-
1
Note:Component pin numbers shown are for THS6132RGW while pin numbers in parentheses are for THS6132VFP.
3-6
Page 21
3.4High-Pass Filter
Because ADSL CPE is designed to transmit from 25.875 kHz to 138 kHz, C2
and R23 can be used to implement an HPF function. These are selected to be
20X lower than 25 kHz (1.25 kHz). Some designs use a capacitor—some do
not. This path allows for a common gain setting between the two channels.
This helps (but does not assure) the signals are truly differential.
Figure 3-4 compares the frequency spectrum of ADSL to a simulation of the
high-pass filter on the THS6132EVM.
Figure 3-4.ADSL Spectrum and High-Pass Filter Response
(Above not on a logarithmic scale)
High-Pass Filter
Note that the high-pass filter function is not a true high-pass filter. C2 in series
with R23 creates a zero at about 10 Hz. As the frequency decreases from
about 3 kHz to 10 Hz, the circuit changes from a gain stage into two unity gain
buffers.
THS6132EVM Applications
3-7
Page 22
Single-Ended to Differential Conversion
3.5Single-Ended to Differential Conversion
The circuit shown in Figure 3-1 is used for single-ended to differential
conversion by grounding one input and supplying a single-ended signal to the
other input. Because one amplifier is configured as a noninverting amplifier
and the other as an inverting circuit, the gain of the noninverting channel is one
greater than the other. This gain difference can be eliminated by changing the
feedback resistor value of the inverting stage to increase the gain by one.
If active termination is used as Figure 3-2 and Figure 3-3 indicate and a
single-ended to differential conversion is desired, the changed value of the
feedback resistor of the inverting stage also requires a change of RP. The
same equation (2) is used to determine the new RP for that stage.
3-8
Page 23
3.6Single-Ended Gain Stages
Although ADSL is the obvious application for the THS6132 EVM, it can also
be configured for other applications. If the common gain resistor R8 is
removed, there is an array of components that allows various dc- and
ac-coupled gain stages to be constructed.
Referring to Figure 3-5, for example, two dc coupled gain stages are formed
by removing R9 and adding R4 and R14. The output impedance is changed
to 75 Ω by changing R6 and R15 to 24.9 Ω. There are many other possibilities.
Figure 3-5.Single-Ended Amplifier Configuration
J2
IN1
Z1R9
0 0
49.9
R10
R5
1 k
2 (4)
14 (21)
+
-
U1A
THS6132
15 (23)
Single-Ended Gain Stages
TP1
R6
24.9 49.9
R2
1 k
TP2
R7
J1
OUT1
R14
1 k
J4
IN2
Note:Component pin numbers shown are for THS6132RGW while pin numbers in parentheses are for THS6132VFP.
Z2R18
0 0
49.9
R19
12 (20)
3 (5)
U1B
THS6132
+
TP3
11 (18)
R11
1 k
R15
24.9
TP4
R16
49.9
J3
OUT2
THS6132EVM Applications
3-9
Page 24
EVM Hardware Description
This chapter describes the EVM hardware. It includes the EVM parts list, and
printed circuit-board layout.