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100 ns Instruction Cycle Time at 20 MHz CPU Clock
500 ns Multiplication (16 × 16 bit), 1 µs Division (32 / 16 bit)
●
●
Enhanced Boolean Bit Manipulation Facilities
● Additional Instructions to Support HLL and Operating Systems
●
Register-Based Design with Multiple Variable Register Banks
●
Single-Cycle Context Switching Support
Clock Generation via on-chip PLL or via direct clock input
●
●
Up to 16 MBytes Linear Address Space for Code and Data
2 KBytes On-Chip Internal RAM (IRAM)
●
●
2 KBytes On-Chip Extension RAM (XRAM)
● Programmable External Bus Characteristics for Different Address Ranges
●
8-Bit or 16-Bit External Data Bus
●
Multiplexed or Demultiplexed External Address/Data Buses
Five Programmable Chip-Select Signals
●
●
Hold- and Hold-Acknowledge Bus Arbitration Support
1024 Bytes On-Chip Special Function Register Area
●
●
Idle and Power Down Modes
● 8-Channel Interrupt-Driven Single-Cycle Data Transfer Facilities via Peripheral Event
Controller (PEC)
●
16-Priority-Level Interrupt System with 56 Sources, Sample-Rate down to 50 ns
●
16-Channel 10-bit A/D Converter with 9.7 µs Conversion Time
●
Two 16-Channel Capture/Compare Units
4-Channel PWM Unit
●
●
Two Multi-Functional General Purpose Timer Units with 5 Timers
● Two Serial Channels (Synchronous/Asynchronous and High-Speed-Synchronous)
●
Programmable Watchdog Timer
●
Up to 111 General Purpose I/O Lines, partly with Selectable Input Thresholds and Hysteresis
●
Supported by a Wealth of Development Tools like C-Compilers, Macro-Assembler Packages,
Emulators, Evaluation Boards, HLL-Debuggers, Simulators, Logic Analyzer Disassemblers,
Programming Boards
●
On-Chip Bootstrap Loader
● 144-Pin MQFP Package (EIAJ)
This document describes the SAB-C167SR-LM, the SAF-C167SR-LM and the SAK-C167SR-LM.
For simplicity all versions are referred to by the term C167SR throughout this document.
Semiconductor Group106.95
C167SR
Revision History: Original Version: 06.95 (Advance Information)
The C167SR is a new derivative of the Siemens C16x Family of full featured single-chip CMOS
microcontrollers. It combines high CPU performance (up to 10 million instructions per second) with
high peripheral functionality and enhanced IO-capabilities. It also provides on-chip high-speed RAM
and clock generation via PLL.
C167SR
Figure 1
Logic Symbol
Ordering Information
TypeOrdering CodePackageFunction
SAB-C167SR-LMQ67121-C952P-MQFP-144-116-bit microcontroller with
2 × 2 KByte RAM
Temperature range 0 to + 70 ˚C
SAF-C167SR-LMQ67121-C953P-MQFP-144-116-bit microcontroller with
2 × 2 KByte RAM
Temperature range – 40 to + 85 ˚C
SAK-C167SR-LMCP-MQFP-144-116-bit microcontroller with
2 × 2 KByte RAM
Temperature range – 40 to + 125 ˚C
Semiconductor Group3
Pin Configuration
(top view)
C167SR
Figure 2
C167SR
Semiconductor Group4
Pin Definitions and Functions
C167SR
SymbolPin
Number
P6.0 P6.7
P8.0 P8.7
1 8
1
...
5
6
7
8
9 16
9
...
16
Input (I)
Output (O)
I/O
O
...
O
I
O
O
I/O
I/O
...
I/O
Function
Port 6 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port. It is bit-wise
programmable for input or output via direction bits. For a pin
configured as input, the output driver is put into highimpedance state. Port 6 outputs can be configured as push/
pull or open drain drivers.
The following Port 6 pins also serve for alternate functions:
P6.0CS0
Port 8 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port. It is bit-wise
programmable for input or output via direction bits. For a pin
configured as input, the output driver is put into highimpedance state. Port 8 outputs can be configured as push/
pull or open drain drivers. The input threshold of Port 8 is
selectable (TTL or special).
The following Port 8 pins also serve for alternate functions:
P8.0CC16IOCAPCOM2: CC16 Cap.-In/Comp.Out
.........
P8.7CC23IOCAPCOM2: CC23 Cap.-In/Comp.Out
Chip Select 0 Output
P7.0 P7.7
19 26
19
...
22
23
...
26
I/O
O
...
O
I/O
...
I/O
Port 7 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port. It is bit-wise
programmable for input or output via direction bits. For a pin
configured as input, the output driver is put into highimpedance state. Port 7 outputs can be configured as push/
pull or open drain drivers. The input threshold of Port 7 is
selectable (TTL or special).
The following Port 7 pins also serve for alternate functions:
P7.0POUT0PWM Channel 0 Output
Port 5 is a 16-bit input-only port with Schmitt-Trigger
characteristics. The pins of Port 5 also serve as the (up to 16)
analog input channels for the A/D converter, where P5.x
equals ANx (Analog input channel x), or they serve as timer
inputs:
P5.10T6EUDGPT2 Timer T6 Ext.Up/Down Ctrl.Input
P5.11T5EUDGPT2 Timer T5 Ext.Up/Down Ctrl.Input
P5.12T6INGPT2 Timer T6 Count Input
P5.13T5INGPT2 Timer T5 Count Input
P5.14T4EUDGPT1 Timer T4 Ext.Up/Down Ctrl.Input
P5.15T2EUDGPT1 Timer T2 Ext.Up/Down Ctrl.Input
Port 2 is a 16-bit bidirectional I/O port. It is bit-wise
programmable for input or output via direction bits. For a pin
configured as input, the output driver is put into highimpedance state. Port 2 outputs can be configured as push/
pull or open drain drivers. The input threshold of Port 2 is
selectable (TTL or special).
The following Port 2 pins also serve for alternate functions:
P2.0CC0IOCAPCOM: CC0 Cap.-In/Comp.Out
Port 3 is a 15-bit (P3.14 is missing) bidirectional I/O port. It is
bit-wise programmable for input or output via direction bits.
For a pin configured as input, the output driver is put into highimpedance state. Port 3 outputs can be configured as push/
pull or open drain drivers. The input threshold of Port 3 is
selectable (TTL or special).
The following Port 3 pins also serve for alternate functions:
P3.0T0INCAPCOM Timer T0 Count Input
P3.1T6OUTGPT2 Timer T6 Toggle Latch Output
P3.2CAPINGPT2 Register CAPREL Capture Input
P3.3T3OUTGPT1 Timer T3 Toggle Latch Output
P3.4T3EUDGPT1 Timer T3 Ext.Up/Down Ctrl.Input
P3.5T4INGPT1 Timer T4 Input for
Count/Gate/Reload/Capture
P3.6T3INGPT1 Timer T3 Count/Gate Input
P3.7T2INGPT1 Timer T2 Input for
Count/Gate/Reload/Capture
P3.8MRSTSSC Master-Rec./Slave-Transmit I/O
P3.9MTSRSSC Master-Transmit/Slave-Rec. O/I
P3.10T×D0ASC0 Clock/Data Output (Asyn./Syn.)
P3.11R×D0ASC0 Data Input (Asyn.) or I/O (Syn.)
P3.12BHE
95OExternal Memory Read Strobe. RD is activated for every
I/O
O
...
O
...
O
Port 4 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port. It is bit-wise
programmable for input or output via direction bits. For a pin
configured as input, the output driver is put into highimpedance state.
In case of an external bus configuration, Port 4 can be used to
output the segment address lines:
P4.0A16Least Significant Segment Addr. Line
.........
P4.4A20Least Significant Segment Addr. Line
..::
P4.7A23Most Significant Segment Addr. Line
external instruction or data read access.
C167SR
Pin Definitions and Functions
SymbolPin
Number
/
WR
WRL
READY
ALE98OAddress Latch Enable Output. Can be used for latching the
EA
96OExternal Memory Write Strobe. In WR-mode this pin is
97IReady Input. When the Ready function is enabled, a high
99IExternal Access Enable pin. A low level at this pin during and
Input (I)
Output (O)
(cont’d)
Function
activated for every external data write access. In WRL-mode
this pin is activated for low byte data write accesses on a 16bit bus, and for every data write access on an 8-bit bus. See
WRCFG in register SYSCON for mode selection.
level at this pin during an external memory access will force
the insertion of memory cycle time waitstates until the pin
returns to a low level.
address into external memory or an address latch in the
multiplexed bus modes.
after Reset forces the C167SR to begin instruction execution
out of external memory. A high level forces execution out of
the internal ROM. ROMless versions must have this pin tied
to ‘0’.
PORT0:
P0L.0 P0L.7,
P0H.0 P0H.7
100 107
108,
111-117
I/OPORT0 consists of the two 8-bit bidirectional I/O ports P0L
and P0H. It is bit-wise programmable for input or output via
direction bits. For a pin configured as input, the output driver
is put into high-impedance state.
In case of an external bus configuration, PORT0 serves as
the address (A) and address/data (AD) bus in multiplexed bus
modes and as the data (D) bus in demultiplexed bus modes.
PORT1 consists of the two 8-bit bidirectional I/O ports P1L
and P1H. It is bit-wise programmable for input or output via
direction bits. For a pin configured as input, the output driver
is put into high-impedance state. PORT1 is used as the 16-bit
address bus (A) in demultiplexed bus modes and also after
switching from a demultiplexed bus mode to a multiplexed
bus mode.
The following PORT1 pins also serve for alternate functions:
P1H.4CC24IOCAPCOM2: CC24 Capture Input
P1H.5CC25IOCAPCOM2: CC25 Capture Input
P1H.6CC26IOCAPCOM2: CC26 Capture Input
P1H.7CC27IOCAPCOM2: CC27 Capture Input
XTAL1:Input to the oscillator amplifier and input to the
internal clock generator
XTAL2:Output of the oscillator amplifier circuit.
To clock the device from an external source, drive XTAL1,
while leaving XTAL2 unconnected. Minimum and maximum
high/low and rise/fall times specified in the AC Characteristics
must be observed.
RSTIN
RSTOUT
NMI
V
AREF
V
AGND
V
PP
140IReset Input with Schmitt-Trigger characteristics. A low level at
this pin for a specified duration while the oscillator is running
resets the C167SR. An internal pullup resistor permits poweron reset using only a capacitor connected to V
SS
.
141OInternal Reset Indication Output. This pin is set to a low level
when the part is executing either a hardware-, a software- or a
watchdog timer reset. RSTOUT remains low until the EINIT
(end of initialization) instruction is executed.
142INon-Maskable Interrupt Input. A high to low transition at this
pin causes the CPU to vector to the NMI trap routine. When
the PWRDN (power down) instruction is executed, the NMI
pin must be low in order to force the C167SR to go into power
down mode. If NMI is high, when PWRDN is executed, the
part will continue to run in normal mode.
If not used, pin NMI should be pulled high externally.
37–Reference voltage for the A/D converter.
38–Reference ground for the A/D converter.
84–Flash programming voltage. This pin accepts the
programming voltage for flash versions of the C167SR.
Note: This pin is not connected (NC) on non-flash versions.
Semiconductor Group9
Pin Definitions and Functions (cont’d)
C167SR
SymbolPin
Number
V
CC
17, 46,
56, 72,
82, 93,
109,
126,
136, 144
V
SS
18, 45,
55, 71,
83, 94,
110,
127,
139, 143
Input (I)
Function
Output (O)
–Digital Supply Voltage:
+ 5 V during normal operation and idle mode.
≥ 2.5 V during power down mode.
–Digital Ground.
Semiconductor Group10
C167SR
Functional Description
The architecture of the C167SR combines advantages of both RISC and CISC processors and of
advanced peripheral subsystems in a very well-balanced way. The following block diagram gives an
overview of the different on-chip components and of the advanced, high bandwidth internal bus
structure of the C167SR.
Note: All time specifications refer to a CPU clock of 20 MHz
(see definition in the AC Characteristics section).
Figure 3
Block Diagram
Semiconductor Group11
C167SR
Memory Organization
The memory space of the C167SR is configured in a Von Neumann architecture which means that
code memory, data memory, registers and I/O ports are organized within the same linear address
space which includes 16 MBytes. The entire memory space can be accessed bytewise or wordwise.
Particular portions of the on-chip memory have additionally been made directly bitaddressable.
The C167SR is prepared to incorporate on-chip mask-programmable ROM or Flash Memory for
code or constant data. Currently no ROM is integrated.
2 KBytes of on-chip Internal RAM are provided as a storage for user defined variables, for the
system stack, general purpose register banks and even for code. A register bank can consist of up
to 16 wordwide (R0 to R15) and/or bytewide (RL0, RH0, …, RL7, RH7) so-called General Purpose
Registers (GPRs).
1024 bytes (2 × 512 bytes) of the address space are reserved for the Special Function Register
areas (SFR space and ESFR space). SFRs are wordwide registers which are used for controlling
and monitoring functions of the different on-chip units. Unused SFR addresses are reserved for
future members of the C16x family.
2 KBytes of on-chip Extension RAM (XRAM) are provided to store user data, user stacks or code.
The XRAM is accessed like external memory and therefore cannot be used for the system stack or
for register banks and is not bitadressable. The XRAM allows 16-bit accesses with maximum
speed.
In order to meet the needs of designs where more memory is required than is provided on chip, up
to 16 MBytes of external RAM and/or ROM can be connected to the microcontroller.
External Bus Controller
All of the external memory accesses are performed by a particular on-chip External Bus Controller
(EBC). It can be programmed either to Single Chip Mode when no external memory is required, or
to one of four different external memory access modes, which are as follows:
– 16-/18-/20-/24-bit Addresses, 16-bit Data, Demultiplexed
– 16-/18-/20-/24-bit Addresses, 16-bit Data, Multiplexed
– 16-/18-/20-/24-bit Addresses, 8-bit Data, Multiplexed
– 16-/18-/20-/24-bit Addresses, 8-bit Data, Demultiplexed
In the demultiplexed bus modes, addresses are output on PORT1 and data is input/output on
PORT0. In the multiplexed bus modes both addresses and data use PORT0 for input/output.
Important timing characteristics of the external bus interface (Memory Cycle Time, Memory Tri-
State Time, Length of ALE and Read Write Delay) have been made programmable to allow the user
the adaption of a wide range of different types of memories. In addition, different address ranges
may be accessed with different bus characteristics. Up to 5 external CS
in order to save external glue logic. Access to very slow memories is supported via a particular
‘Ready’ function. A HOLD/HLDA protocol is available for bus arbitration.
signals can be generated
For applications which require less than 16 MBytes of external memory space, this address space
can be restricted to 1 MByte, 256 KByte or to 64 KByte. In this case Port 4 outputs four, two or no
address lines at all. It outputs all 8 address lines, if an address space of 16 MBytes is used.
Semiconductor Group12
C167SR
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
The main core of the CPU consists of a 4-stage instruction pipeline, a 16-bit arithmetic and logic unit
(ALU) and dedicated SFRs. Additional hardware has been spent for a separate multiply and divide
unit, a bit-mask generator and a barrel shifter.
Based on these hardware provisions, most of the C167SR’s instructions can be executed in just one
machine cycle which requires 100 ns at 20-MHz CPU clock. For example, shift and rotate
instructions are always processed during one machine cycle independent of the number of bits to
be shifted. All multiple-cycle instructions have been optimized so that they can be executed very
fast as well: branches in 2 cycles, a 16 × 16 bit multiplication in 5 cycles and a 32-/16 bit division in
10 cycles. Another pipeline optimization, the so-called ‘Jump Cache’, allows reducing the execution
time of repeatedly performed jumps in a loop from 2 cycles to 1 cycle.
Figure 4
CPU Block Diagram
Semiconductor Group13
C167SR
The CPU disposes of an actual register context consisting of up to 16 wordwide GPRs which are
physically allocated within the on-chip RAM area. A Context Pointer (CP) register determines the
base address of the active register bank to be accessed by the CPU at a time. The number of
register banks is only restricted by the available internal RAM space. For easy parameter passing,
a register bank may overlap others.
A system stack of up to 2048 bytes is provided as a storage for temporary data. The system stack
is allocated in the on-chip RAM area, and it is accessed by the CPU via the stack pointer (SP)
register. Two separate SFRs, STKOV and STKUN, are implicitly compared against the stack
pointer value upon each stack access for the detection of a stack overflow or underflow.
The high performance offered by the hardware implementation of the CPU can efficiently be utilized
by a programmer via the highly efficient C167SR instruction set which includes the following
instruction classes:
– Arithmetic Instructions
– Logical Instructions
– Boolean Bit Manipulation Instructions
– Compare and Loop Control Instructions
– Shift and Rotate Instructions
– Prioritize Instruction
– Data Movement Instructions
– System Stack Instructions
– Jump and Call Instructions
– Return Instructions
– System Control Instructions
– Miscellaneous Instructions
The basic instruction length is either 2 or 4 bytes. Possible operand types are bits, bytes and words.
A variety of direct, indirect or immediate addressing modes are provided to specify the required
operands.
Semiconductor Group14
C167SR
Interrupt System
With an interrupt response time within a range from just 250 ns to 600 ns (in case of internal
program execution), the C167SR is capable of reacting very fast to the occurence of nondeterministic events.
The architecture of the C167SR supports several mechanisms for fast and flexible response to
service requests that can be generated from various sources internal or external to the
microcontroller. Any of these interrupt requests can be programmed to being serviced by the
Interrupt Controller or by the Peripheral Event Controller (PEC).
In contrast to a standard interrupt service where the current program execution is suspended and
a branch to the interrupt vector table is performed, just one cycle is ‘stolen’ from the current CPU
activity to perform a PEC service. A PEC service implies a single byte or word data transfer between
any two memory locations with an additional increment of either the PEC source or the destination
pointer. An individual PEC transfer counter is implicity decremented for each PEC service except
when performing in the continuous transfer mode. When this counter reaches zero, a standard
interrupt is performed to the corresponding source related vector location. PEC services are very
well suited, for example, for supporting the transmission or reception of blocks of data. The C167SR
has 8 PEC channels each of which offers such fast interrupt-driven data transfer capabilities.
A separate control register which contains an interrupt request flag, an interrupt enable flag and an
interrupt priority bitfield exists for each of the possible interrupt sources. Via its related register, each
source can be programmed to one of sixteen interrupt priority levels. Once having been accepted
by the CPU, an interrupt service can only be interrupted by a higher prioritized service request. For
the standard interrupt processing, each of the possible interrupt sources has a dedicated vector
location.
Fast external interrupt inputs are provided to service external interrupts with high precision
requirements. These fast interrupt inputs feature programmable edge detection (rising edge, falling
edge or both edges).
Software interrupts are supported by means of the ‘TRAP’ instruction in combination with an
individual trap (interrupt) number.
The following table shows all of the possible C167SR interrupt sources and the corresponding
hardware-related interrupt flags, vectors, vector locations and trap (interrupt) numbers:
Note: Three nodes in the table (X-Peripheral nodes) are prepared to accept interrupt requests from
integrated X-Bus peripherals. Nodes, where no X-Peripherals are connected, may be used
to generate software controlled interrupt requests by setting the respective XPnIR bit.