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Jenway 7315 User Manual

Spectrophotometers Models 7310 & 7315
Operating Manual
731 005 REV E/12-10
2
Safety
Please read this information carefully prior to installing or using this equipment.
1. The unit described in this manual is designed be operated only by trained personnel. Any adjustments,
2. It is essential that both operating and service personnel employ a safe system of work, in addition to the detailed instructions specified in this manual.
3. Other than for those items defined in the maintenance procedures herein there are no user serviceable items in this instrument. Removal of covers and attempted adjustment or service by unqualified personnel will invalidate the warranty and may incur additional charges for repair.
4. References should always be made to the Health and Safety data supplied with any chemicals used. Generally accepted laboratory procedures for safe handling of chemicals should be employed.
5. If it is suspected that safety protection has been impaired in any way, the unit must be made inoperative and secured against any intended operation. The fault condition should immediately be reported to the appropriate servicing authority.
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4
Contents
Page
Safety 3
SECTION 1 - Introduction 8
1.1 Instrument description 8
1.2 Instrument specification 8
SECTION 2 - Installation 12
2.1 Unpacking 12
2.2 Installation 12
2.3 Display 13
2.4 Controls 14
2.5 Rear panel 15
2.6 Front panel 15
SECTION 3 - Theory and practice of spectroscopy measurements 16
3.1 Theory of spectroscopy measurement 16
3.2 Spectroscopy measurement 16
3.3 Good practice guidelines 17
SECTION 4 - Instrument setup 19
4.1 Navigating and screen setup 19
4.2 Time and date 20
4.3 Instrument settings menu 20
4.4 Security and setting passwords 21
4.4.1 Setting security codes 21
4.4.2 Settings lock 21
4.4.3 Method lock 21
4.5 Mode selection 22
4.6 Diagnostics 22
4.7 GLP settings 22
4.8 Screen contrast 23
4.9 Lamp save 23
SECTION 5 - Photometrics 25
5.1 Mode specific parameters 25
5.2 Method set up 25
5.2.1 Selecting a wavelength 26
5.3 Calibration 26
5.4 Sample measurment 26
SECTION 6 - Concentration 27
6.1 Mode specific parameters 27
6.2 Method setup 27
6.2.1 Selecting a wavelength 27
6.2.2 Settings 28
6.2.2.1 Selecting concentration units 28
6.2.2.2 Changing the resolution 29
6.2.2.3 Using a standard 29
1
5
6.2.2.4 Using a factor 29
6.3 Calibration 29
6.3.1 Calibrating to a standard 29
6.3.2 Calibrating to a factor 30
6.4 Sample measurement 30
6.4.1 Measuring a sample after calibrating to a standard 30
6.4.2 Measuring a sample after calibrating to a factor 30
SECTION 7 - Spectrum 31
7.1 Mode specific parameters 31
7.2 Method setup 32
7.2.1 Scan settings 32
7.2.1.1 Selecting absorbance or % transmittance 32
7.2.1.2 Setting start and end wavelengths 32
7.2.1.3 Setting the scan interval 33
7.2.1.4 Y-axis scaling 34
7.3 Calibration 34
7.4 Sample measurement 34
7.5 Data analysis 35
7.5.1 Peaks and valleys threshold 35
7.5.2 Peaks and valleys table 36
7.5.3 Spectral points analysis 36
SECTION 8 - Quantitation 38
8.1 Mode specific parameters 38
8.2 Method setup 39
8.2.1 Selecting a wavelength 39
8.2.2 Quantitation table 39
8.2.2.1 Selecting number of standards 39
8.2.2.2 Selecting concentration units 39
8.2.2.3 Changing the resolution 40
8.2.2.4 Selecting absorbance or % transmittance 40
8.2.2.5 Adding standards 40
8.2.3 Standard curve 40
8.2.3.1 Creating a new standard curve 41
8.3 Calibration 42
8.4 Sample measurement 42
8.5 Data analysis 43
SECTION 9 - Kinetics 44
9.1 Mode specific parameters 44
9.2 Method set up 45
9.2.1 Kinetics settings 45
9.2.1.1 Y-axis scaling 45
9.2.1.2 Setting lag time or start on level 46
9.2.1.3 Selecting absorbance or % transmittance 46
9.2.1.4 Changing the resolution 47
9.2.1.5 Selecting concentration units 47
9.2.1.6 Using a standard 47
9.2.1.7 Using a factor 47
9.2.1.8 Selecting a wavelength 48
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9.2.1.9 Setting the kinetics measurement time 48
9.3 Calibration 48
9.4 Sample measurement 48
9.5 Data analysis 49
SECTION 10 - Saving, printing and autologging 51
10.1 Saving methods 51
10.1.1 Saving methods to internal memory 52
10.1.2 Saving methods to USB memory stick 52
10.2 Opening methods 52
10.2.1 Opening methods from internal memory 52
10.2.2 Opening methods from USB memory stick 53
10.3 Deleting methods 53
10.4 Saving results 53
10.5 Opening results 54
10.6 Deleting results 55
10.7 Printing 55
10.7.1 Print setup 56
10.7.1.1 Print setup – photometrics and concentration 56
10.7.1.2 Print setup - spectrum 56
10.7.1.3 Print setup – quantitation 57
10.7.1.4 Print setup – kinetics 57
10.7.2 Printing results 57
10.8 Autologging 58
10.8.1 Setting the number of sample repetitions 58
10.8.2 Selecting result’s destination 59
10.9 Connecting to a PC 59
SECTION 11 - Accessories and spare parts 60
11.1 Optional accessories 60
11.2 Connecting the accessories 60
11.2.1 Internal printer 60
11.2.2 Passive accessories 61
11.2.3 Active accessories 61
11.2.3.1 Automatic 8 cell turret 62
11.2.3.2 Peltier 62
11.2.3.3 Sipper pump 63
11.2.3.4 Combined sipper peltier pump 64
11.3 Using the accessories 65
11.3.1 Automatic 8 cell turret 65
11.3.1.1 Supporting creation of a standard curve in quantitation 65
11.3.2 Peltier 66
11.3.3 Sipper pump 66
11.3.3.1 Manual sipper pump settings 66
11.3.3.2 Timed sipper pump settings 67
11.3.4 Combined sipper peltier pump 69
11.4 Spares 70
SECTION 12 - Maintenance and service 71
12.1 Routine maintenance 71
12.2 Lamp replacement 71
12.2.1 Tungsten halogen lamp replacement 71
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12.2.2 Xenon lamp module replacement 71
12.3 Service 72
SECTION 13 - Troubleshooting 73
13.1 Error codes 73
13.2 Troubleshooting guide 75
13.3 Technical support 75
SECTION 14 - Declaration of conformity 76
SECTION 15 - Glossary of icons 78
Index 85
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SECTION 1 - Introduction
1.1 INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION
The 7310 and 7315 spectrophotometers are suited to a wide range of applications in education,
1.2 INSTRUMENT SPECIFICATION
7310 7315
Wavelength
Range 320 to 1000nm 198 to 1000nm Resolution 1nm Accuracy ± 2nm Repeatability ± 0.5nm Spectral bandwidth 5nm
Photometrics
Transmittance 0 to 199.9% Absorbance -0.300 to 2.500A Accuracy ±1%T, ±0.01Abs at 1.000 Absorbance Resolution 0.1%T, 0.001A Stray light <0.5% at 340nm <0.5% at 340nm and 220nm
Concentration
Range -300 to 9999 Resolution Selectable 1/0.1/0.01/0.001 Calibration Blank with a single standard or factor Units no units, %, ppm, EBC, SRM, mEq/l, mEq, M, mM, µM, nM, U, U/l, U/ml, g/l, mg/l, µg/l, ng/l, g/dl, mg/dl, µg/dl, mg/ml, µg/ml, ng/ml, µg/µl, ng/µl, mol/l, mmol/l Factor 0.001 to 10000 Standard 0.001 to 1000
Quantitation
Range -300 to 9999 Resolution Selectable 1/0.1/0.01/0.001 Calibration Blank with up to 6 standards Units no units, %, ppm, EBC, SRM, mEq/l, mEq, M, mM, µM, nM, U, U/l, U/ml, g/l, mg/l, µg/l, ng/l, g/dl, mg/dl, µg/dl, mg/ml, µg/ml, ng/ml, µg/µl, ng/µl, mol/l, mmol/l Curve fit algorithms Quadratic, quadratic through zero, linear, linear through zero, interpolate
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Kinetics
Measurement Time 2 to 9999 seconds Calibration Blank with a single standard or factor Display Concentration, rate of change, initial and final absorbance/%T Resolution Selectable 1/0.1/0.01/0.001
7310 7315
Spectrum
Range 320 to 1000nm 198 to 1000nm Scan interval Selectable 1, 2 or 5nm Analysis Absorbance or % transmittance and peak and valley wavelengths
Other
Beam height 15mm Light source Tungsten halogen lamp Xenon lamp Lamp save Yes Not applicable GLP Current time and date, user ID, settings lock and method lock Number of users 999 Methods memory 48 in each measurement mode Results memory Limited by attached mass storage device Removable media USB (supplied) Outputs USB, Analogue, RS232, Internal printer Power 24V Size (w x d x h) 275 x 400 x 220mm Weight 6kg
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SECTION 2 - Installation
2.1 UNPACKING
Remove the 7310 or 7315 from the packaging and ensure the following items are included:
1. Model 7310 spectrophotometer (731 001), or Model 7315 spectrophotometer (731 501)
2. 24V 65W power supply unit (021 060)
3. Pack of 100 disposable plastic visible wavelength cuvettes (060 084), or pack of 100 disposable UV plastic cuvettes (060 230)
4. 2 GB USB memory stick (019 146)
5. Jenway 73 series PC software (735 100) and interface cable (013 203)
6. Instruction manual (731 005)
7. Jenway Foreign Manual CD (JENMANCD)
8. Optional accessories (as ordered)
2.2 INSTALLATION
Models 7310 and 7315 are supplied ready to use.
The unit should be placed on a clean flat surface which is free from drafts and vibrations. The units are
designed for operation on 90V to 264V AC input at 47 to 63Hz. Select the correct plug attachment and attach to the power supply unit as shown below:
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Fig 2.2.1 – Power supply unit with various plugs
Connect the power supply unit to the power inlet socket on the rear panel of the instrument and
connect to the mains socket. Turn the power on at the mains and switch the instrument on using the power switch on the rear of the instrument.
The instrument will perform several power on tests before displaying the main menu:
7310
09 : 02
1 3
7310
2
09 : 02
5
Fig 2.2.2 – All Power On Tests Complete
1. Instrument check – ensures the validity of the saved parameters
2. Dark test
3. Checks for the accessory fitted. If an active accessory is found the instrument verifies communication
and response
4. Self calibration of wavelengths
5. Checks communication between USB memory stick port and the instrument
2.3 DISPLAY
These spectrophotometers have a dot matrix display which enables icons and graphs to be displayed clearly. Following successful completion of the power on tests the main menu screen will be displayed:
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1
2
3
4 5
1. Spectrum measurement mode
2. Photometrics measurement mode
3. Back key
4. Time and date menu
5. Quantitation measurement mode
6. Instrument settings menu
7. Concentration measurement mode
8. Kinetics measurement mode
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7
6
Fig. 2.3.1 – Display
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2.4 CONTROLS
7310
09 : 02
The keypad used for these models enables an easy and effective way of navigating the different measurement modes, entering numbers, saving and analysing results. The soft keys are active when an icon is displayed above or adjacent to the key. The only exception to this is the back key which is always active.
The main menu screen and surrounding keypad is displayed below.
1
1
2
2
3
4 5 5 5 6
Fig. 2.4.1 – Display
1. Spectrum measurement mode
2. Photometrics measurement mode
3. Back key
4. Time and date menu
5. Quantitation measurement mode
6. Instrument settings menu
7. Concentration measurement mode
8. Kinetics measurement mode
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8
7
7
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2.5 REAR PANEL
The image below shows the rear panel on the instrument:
2
3
4
5
1.
Lamp access panel Allows access to lamp when replacement is necessary
2. Power switch On/off switch for the unit
3. Power in socket Connection socket for power supply unit
4. RS232 serial port Connection to a PC or external serial printer
5. Output sockets Analogue output
2.6 FRONT PANEL
The image below shows the front panel of the instrument:
1
Fig. 2.5.1 – Rear Panel
1
2
3
Fig. 2.6.1 – Front Panel
1. Integral printer (optional accessory)
2. Keypad
3. USB memory stick slot
4. Instrument lid
5. Display
5
4
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SECTION 3 – Theory and Practice of Spectroscopy Measurements
t
3.1 THEORY OF SPECTROSCOPY MEASUREMENT
UV-visible spectroscopy is the measurement of the absorbance of light at a specific wavelength in a sample. This is used to identify the presence and concentration of molecular entities within the sample. The Beer-Lambert law is used to relate the absorption of light to the properties of the sample through which the light is travelling through. The Beer-Lambert law states that:
A is the absorbance
is the molar absorption coefficient (l mol
c is the concentration (mol l
-1
)
l is the path length (cm)
This law shows that absorbance is linear to concentration but this is only true for low concentrations. For absorbance levels above 3 the concentration starts to move away from the linear relationship.
Transmittance is the proportion of the light which passes through the sample:
-1cm-1
)
I
o I
l
Therefore: T = I
t
Io
Absorbance is inversely related to transmittance:
A = log 1
T
3.2 SPECTROSCOPY MEASUREMENT
There are four main components of a spectrophotometer. These are a light source to emit a high and constant amount of energy over the full wavelength range; a method for separating the light into discreet wavelengths; a sample holder and a light detector.
Where:
Lo is the incident light lt is the transmitted light l is the path length
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The optical layout of the 7310 and 7315 spectrophotometers is shown below:
Lamp
Entrance slit
Grating
Collimator mirror
Exit Slit
Detector
The light from the pre-focused tungsten halogen (7310) or pre-aligned xenon (7315) lamp is focused onto the grating, with 1200 lines per millimeter, which separates the light into discreet wavelengths. The diffracted spectrum of light then passes through a further slit and lens arrangement before passing through the sample in the sample chamber from left to right. The light which is not absorbed by the sample is transmitted through a collecting lens and onto the signal detector. The photo-diode detector used is mounted directly onto the detector PCB and the output is used to calculate the % transmittance. The result is displayed either as % transmittance or absorbance on the instrument display.
3.3 GOOD PRACTICE GUIDELINES
1. For optimum performance all spectrophotometers should be sited in a clean, dry, dust free atmosphere.
When in use ambient temperature and light levels should remain as constant as possible.
2. If required adherence to Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) and Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) should be monitored with regular calibration checks and a suitable Quality Control (QC) programme.
3. The sample chamber lid must be fully closed during measurement and before any readings are recorded or printed.
Sample
Collecting Lens
Figure 3.2.1 – Diagram of light path
4. The correct selection of sample containers is imperative for accurate and reproducible results:
a) Check that the material of the sample container is compatible with the wavelengths to be used
for measurement. In general glass can only be used down to 360nm or 320nm depending on quality. Standard plastic cuvettes can be used down to 320nm. Special UV versions can be used down to 260nm. Below this level quartz cuvettes must be used.
b) Plastic disposable cuvettes should only be used ONCE.
c) Glass cuvettes should be thoroughly cleaned after use. Discard when scratches become evident on
optical surfaces.
d) Care should be taken when selecting semi-micro or micro cuvettes. The cuvette window on the
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inner chamber (the area filled with sample) must be wider than the aperture in the sample holder or light will reach the detector without passing through the sample. In this case, semi-micro or micro cuvettes with self-screening black surrounds must be used or, alternative holders for these cuvettes should be used.
e) Glass test tubes and other sample tubes should be used with care. Where possible, matched tubes should be used and any index mark set to the correct position before measurements are made.
f) Ensure any sample containers used are compatible with the constituents of both the samples and standards they are to hold. Plastic cuvettes are not compatible with organic solvents.
g) All sample containers must be handled with care; by the top, bottom and non-optical surfaces only. Any finger marks evident must be removed by a suitable cleaning process.
h) Flow-through cuvettes must be selected with care and consideration for the sample type, sample volume, pumping system, rinse, sample and waste handling to be used.
5. Samples and standards should not be stored in open cuvettes or sample containers as evaporation will change the value and lead to staining of the walls which may be irreversible. If stored in stoppered and sealed cuvettes, they should be filled with little or no air space and the values regularly checked against a reference standard or quality control material.
6. Samples should be allowed to equilibrate to ambient temperature before measurement (unless a suitable temperature controlled sample holder is in use). Temperature change during measurement may cause air bubbles to form on the walls of the sample holder. This is a common cause of drift during measurement.
7. In the preparation of samples and standards high grade borosilicate glass and AR grade chemicals and reagents must be used. Good quality deionised water or other suitable solvents must be used for dissolving or diluting samples, chemicals and reagents.
8. All measurements require calibration to a blank, for maximum accuracy this should be prepared with care using the same deionised water or solvent used for dissolving or diluting the sample. Where reagents are added to the sample to produce a colour proportional to its concentration a ‘sample based’ blank should be used. In this case the blank should consist of all reagents or chemicals to be used,
except the sample which will produce the colour to be measured.
9. Deviations from the Beer-Lambert Law may occur at high and low concentrations giving non-linear
response during sample concentration measurements. For all new methods a linear range should be defined by the preparation of a calibration curve. The quantitation mode may be used to construct such a curve against which sample results are automatically measured.
10. Cuvettes and sample holders must be filled to a minimum level which covers the light path. All Jenway spectrophotometers have a beam height of 15mm.
11. The instrument must be calibrated to zero absorbance/100% transmittance prior to taking readings. In the spectrum measurement mode a baseline scan must be performed before performing a sample scan.
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SECTION 4 – Instrument Setup
7310
09 : 02
4.1 NAVIGATING AND SCREEN SETUP
The main menu screen is displayed below.
Spectrum
measurement
mode
Photometrics
measurement
mode
Back key Quantitation measurement modeTime and date menu
Kinetics
measurement
mode
Concentration
measurement
mode
Instrument
settings menu
Fig 4.1.1 – Home Screen
To navigate around the spectrophotometer screen press the soft keys adjacent to icons displayed on the screen. In the main menu either of the two soft keys adjacent to the measurement mode icon can be pressed to access the mode. There is a back key which returns to the previous menu without saving any changes.
The main menu screen provides access to all five measurement modes, the time and date menu and the instrument settings menu. The measurement modes are spectrum, photometrics, quantitation, concentration and kinetics. The instrument settings menu enables access to settings lock, security codes, method lock, mode selection, user ID, screen contrast and lamp save menus.
All of the measurement modes open initially into a minimal operating menu. This menu allows calibration and simple readings to be taken without changing any measurement parameters. Pressing the key adjacent to the JW icon opens the expanded operating menu.
0.000
100.0
400
09 : 02
Minimal Operating Menu
ABS
%T
nm
This menu enables changes to measurement parameters
ABS
0.000
400
%T
nm
100.0
09 : 02
Expanded Operating Menu
(Photometrics measurement mode)
and settings to be made. Depending on the mode, the measurement parameters can be accessed through the settings menu which is displayed in the top right hand corner of the screen. The only mode where this function is not available is the photometrics mode; instead a toggle icon is displayed which is used to change the primary and secondary displays.
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The measurement settings can be accessed through the utility toolbar displayed on the left hand side of the expanded operating menu. This toolbar provides the same functions in all of the measurement modes. The utility toolbar enables access to printing, print setup options, opening, saving and deleting results and methods and autologging options. For more details on the different functions of the utility toolbar refer to section 10.
4.2 TIME AND DATE
09 : 02
7310
The time and date menu enables the current time and date to be set. This information will be saved on all results and displayed on printouts. The time and date menu can be accessed from the main menu by holding the key below the time and date icon for 2 seconds. Pressing the key once cycles the display between time and date.
In the time and date menu to set the time press the key adjacent to the clock icon. Select the digit to be changed using the keys at the bottom of the screen. Use the keys adjacent to the arrow icons to increase or decrease the number. The clock function uses a 24 hour format.
1 4 5 3:
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4.3 INSTRUMENT SETTINGS MENU
The instrument settings menu is accessed by pressing the key below the instrument settings icon in the main menu. This menu enables access to settings lock, security code, method lock, mode selection, diagnostics, user ID, screen contrast and lamp save menus. The tick icon saves any changes made and returns to the main menu.
1 1
09
In the time and date menu to set the date press the key adjacent to the calendar icon. Select the digit to be changed using the keys at the bottom of the screen. Use the keys adjacent to the arrow icons to increase or decrease the number. The date format can be displayed as either European dd/mm/yy or American mm/dd/yy. To change between the two formats press the key below the toggle icon. Once the current time and date have been set press the key adjacent to the tick icon to save the changes. To exit this menu without saving any changes press the back key and the screen will return to the main menu.
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Settings lock
Security code
Method lock
Mode selection
Diagnostics
Tick icon
User ID
Screen contrast
Lamp save
Fig 4.3.1 - Settings Menu
4.4 SECURITY AND SETTING PASSWORDS
4.4.1 Setting Security Codes
66
4.4.2 Settings lock
0
The security code function enables a security code to be set to lock the instrument settings and measurement mode settings. The security code is not specific to the user ID but is designed to enable an administrator to control either the instrument or protocols. The security code menu is accessed through the instrument settings menu.
In the instrument settings menu press the key adjacent to the security code icon. Using the keys at the bottom of the screen select the digit to be changed. Use the keys adjacent to the arrow icons to increase or decrease the selected number. Once the preferred code has been set press the key adjacent to the tick icon to save the security code.
The settings lock function enables the instrument and measurement mode settings to be locked to prevent any changes to the measurement parameters or instrument settings. The only exceptions to this are that the user ID and contrast can be changed when the settings lock is active.
The settings lock function is accessed through the instrument settings menu by pressing the key adjacent to the open padlock icon. One press will lock the settings instantly. To unlock the settings press the key again. This will open the security code menu as detailed in section
4.4.1. The previously set security code must be entered to unlock the settings. When the settings lock is active methods can still be opened, deleted and saved but the method parameters cannot be changed.
To enter the security code use the keys at the bottom of the screen to select the digit to be changed. Use the keys adjacent to the arrow icons to increase or decrease the selected number. Once the correct security code has been entered press the key adjacent to the tick icon. The
00 0
settings are now unlocked.
4.4.3 Method Lock
If the settings are locked before the security code has been set a default code of 660 will unlock the settings.
When the method lock is active the method selection menu is disabled in all the measurement modes therefore methods cannot be opened, deleted or saved. However the measurement parameters of the currently loaded method can be changed. The method lock function is accessed through the instrument settings menu by pressing the key adjacent to the method lock icon.
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One press will lock the methods instantly. To unlock the methods press the key adjacent to the method lock icon again. The methods are now unlocked. If the settings lock is active this must be disabled before
the method lock can be activated or deactivated.
In all the measurement modes if a user tries to save changes to a method when the method lock is active the padlock icon flashes on the screen and changes cannot be saved.
4.5 MODE SELECTION
The mode selection function enables access to the various measurement modes to be restricted. The required modes can be selected and the settings lock activated to prevent other users from accessing the deactivated modes. The mode selection function can be accessed through the instrument settings menu by pressing the key adjacent to the mode selection icon.
The measurement mode icons which are displayed on the main menu are identified with a mode shown icon. The mode icons which are not displayed on the main menu are identified with a mode not shown icon.
09 : 02
4.6 DIAGNOSTICS
Go to WL
7315
0.00
500.0
nm
READON
To change a mode from displayed to restricted or vice versa press the key adjacent to the measurement mode icon. Once the required modes have been selected press the key adjacent to the tick icon to save the changes. The selected measurement modes will be displayed on the main menu.
The diagnostic function allows simple checks to be carried out on the instrument. The wavelength can be changed, the lamp can be turned on and off and a sensitivity reading can be performed.
To exit this function without performing any checks press the back key.
4.7 GLP SETTINGS
In addition to the time and date settings this instrument also has a user ID function. This function enables an individual three digit ID number to be set. This will be displayed on all printouts and saved results.
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4.8 SCREEN CONTRAST
0
3
0
4.9 LAMP SAVE
The user ID function can be accessed through the instrument settings menu by pressing the key adjacent to the user ID icon. Use the keys at the bottom of the screen to select the digit to be changed. Use the keys adjacent to the arrow icons to increase or decrease the
1
00
number. Once the preferred user ID has been set press the key adjacent to the tick icon to save and return to the instrument settings menu.
The screen contrast function enables the brightness of the screen to be set. In the instrument settings menu press the key adjacent to the screen contrast icon. Use the keys below the arrow icons to increase or decrease the screen contrast. Once the required contrast level has been reached press the key adjacent to the tick icon to save and return to the instrument settings menu.
The lamp save function enables the time in minutes to be set after which the lamp will be turned off following a period of no lamp activity, i.e. no readings have been performed. This function is accessed through the instrument settings menu by pressing the key adjacent to the lamp save icon.
When this menu is first accessed the lamp save is turned off. To activate the lamp save function press the key below the lamp save icon. To deactivate the lamp save function press the key below the lamp save icon.
The default minimum time is set to 30 minutes. Select the digit to be changed using the keys at the bottom of the screen. Use the keys adjacent to the arrow icons to increase or decrease the number. Once the required time in minutes has been set press the key adjacent to the tick icon to save and return to the instrument settings menu.
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09 : 02
09 : 02
0.000
100.0
400
0.000
100.0
400
16 : 30
ABS
%T
nm
ABS
%T
nm
The time set will begin to count down when there is no lamp activity. When the count down is complete the lamp and the fan will be turned off and the lamp save icon is shown in all the measurement modes. To bring the instrument out of the lamp save in order to perform a measurement press the key below the lamp save icon. The lamp and fan will be turned back on and the lamp will begin to warm up.
The lamp cold icon is displayed adjacent to the calibrate to zero icon in the measurement mode. The time needed for the lamp to warm up is five minutes.
To view the remaining warm up time press the key below the lamp cold icon. Calibration and measurements can be performed whilst the lamp is warming up but these results may not be accurate.
09 : 02
09 : 02
0.000
100.0
400
ABS
%T
nm
Once the warm up time of five minutes is complete the lamp cold icon disappears.
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SECTION 5 – Photometrics
The photometrics measurement mode enables simple measurements of absorbance and % transmittance to be performed. The sample is measured at one wavelength and at one point in time. There are no post measurement calculations available in this measurement mode.
5.1 MODE SPECIFIC PARAMETERS
ABS
0.000
400
%T
nm
%T
100.0
09 : 02
Minimal Operating Menu
100.0
400
ABS
nm
0.000
09 : 02
The photometrics minimal operating menu enables calibration to zero absorbance/100% transmittance and simple readings to be taken without changing any measurement parameters. Pressing the key adjacent to the JW icon opens the expanded operating menu.
The photometrics expanded operating menu enables measurement parameters to be changed. The utility toolbar on the left hand side of the screen enables access to printing, print setup options, results, methods and autologging options. For more details on the different functions of the utility toolbar refer to section 10.
Expanded Operating Menu
Print/print settings
Results selection menu
Method selection menu
Autolog menu
5.2 METHOD SET UP
0.000
100.0
%T
100.0
400
ABS
nm
0.000
09 : 02
Calibrate to zero Measure sample
Fig 5.1.1 - Expanded Operating Menu
This measurement mode is very simple and the only
400
ABS
%T
nm
parameters which can be adjusted are the wavelength and the display format.
Toggle
Increase wavelength
Decrease wavelength
09 : 02
25
The toggle icon enables the large primary display to be set to show the absorbance or % transmittance. To change the primary and secondary displays press the key adjacent to the toggle icon. Repeat presses will cycle the displays between absorbance or % transmittance.
5.2.1 Selecting a Wavelength
The wavelength can be adjusted in the expanded operating menu by using the keys adjacent to the arrow icons to increase or decrease the wavelength. Once the required wavelength has been selected a calibration can be performed.
5.3 CALIBRATION
100.0
0.000
400
09 : 02
Once the calibration is complete the measure sample icon appears and the sample can be measured. If the wavelength is adjusted before a sample is measured the measure sample icon will disappear and the instrument must be calibrated again at the new wavelength.
%T
ABS
nm
The calibration must be performed at the same wavelength at which the sample will be measured. Insert a cuvette containing the blank solution into the sample chamber and close the instrument lid. Press the key below the calibrate to zero absorbance icon. This sets the instrument to zero absorbance and 100% transmittance.
5.4 SAMPLE MEASURMENT
81.7
0.088
400
09 : 02
Once the measurement is complete the photometric result will be shown on the screen. Subsequent samples can be measured in the same way. If the wavelength is adjusted between sample measurements then the instrument must be calibrated again before more samples can be measured.
%T
ABS
nm
It is not possible to measure a sample before the instrument has been calibrated at the selected wavelength. Once the calibration has been performed the measure sample icon is displayed and a sample can be measured. Remove the cuvette containing the blank solution and place a cuvette containing the sample to be measured in the sample holder. Close the instrument lid and press the key below the measure sample icon.
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SECTION 6 – Concentration
The concentration measurement mode enables simple measurements of absorbance and concentration to be performed. In this measurement mode it is possible to calibrate against a standard of a known concentration or use a known factor. The sample is measured at one wavelength at one point in time. There are no post measurement calculations available in this measurement mode.
6.1 MODE SPECIFIC PARAMETERS
ppm
0.000
400
ABS
nm
ppm
0.000
09 : 02
Minimal Operating Menu
0.000
400
ABS
nm
0.000
09 : 02
Expanded Operating Menu
The concentration minimal operating menu enables calibration to zero absorbance and simple readings to be taken without changing any measurement parameters. Pressing the key adjacent to the JW icon opens the expanded operating menu.
The concentration expanded operating menu enables measurement parameters to be changed. The utility toolbar on the left hand side of the screen enables access to printing, print setup options, results, methods and autologging options. For more details on the different functions of the utility toolbar refer to section 10. The settings icon enables the wavelength, units, resolution, standard or factor to be set.
Print/print settings
Results selection menu
Method selection menu
Autolog menu
Fig 6.1.1 - Expanded Operating Menu
6.2 METHOD SETUP
6.2.1 Selecting a Wavelength
0.000
0.000
400
09 : 02
Calibrate to zero
ppm
ABS
nm
ppm
Settings
0.000
0.000
ABS
400
nm
Measure sample
The wavelength can be adjusted in the expanded operating menu or in the settings menu. To adjust the wavelength in the expanded operating menu use the keys adjacent to the arrow icons to increase or decrease the wavelength.
Increase wavelength
Decrease wavelength
09 : 02
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