HP NonStop RDF J-series RVUs, NonStop RDF H-series RVUs, NonStop RDF Management Manual

HP NonStop RDF System Management
Manual for J-series and H-series RVUs (RDF

1.9)

HP Part Number: 529826-006
Published: June 2009
Edition: J06.03 and subsequent J-series RVUs and H06.03 and subsequent H-series RVUs

© Copyright 2009 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.

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of California.

Table of Contents

About This Document.......................................................................................................23

Supported Release Version Updates (RVUs)........................................................................................23

Intended Audience................................................................................................................................23

New and Changed Information in This Edition...................................................................................23

New features in the RDF 1.9 manual...............................................................................................23

Updates in the RDF 1.9 manual.......................................................................................................24

Document Organization.......................................................................................................................24

Notation Conventions...........................................................................................................................26

General Syntax Notation.................................................................................................................26

Notation for Messages.....................................................................................................................28

Related Information..............................................................................................................................29

Publishing History................................................................................................................................30

HP Encourages Your Comments..........................................................................................................30

1 Introducing RDF............................................................................................................31

RDF Subsystem Overview....................................................................................................................32

Unplanned Outages With ZLT........................................................................................................34

Unplanned Outages Without ZLT...................................................................................................34

Planned Outages..............................................................................................................................35

Features............................................................................................................................................35

User Interfaces......................................................................................................................................38

RDFCOM for Subsystem Management and Operations.................................................................38

Scanning the EMS Event Log...........................................................................................................38

RDF Tasks..............................................................................................................................................39

RDF Processes.......................................................................................................................................40

Primary System Processes...............................................................................................................41

Backup System Processes................................................................................................................42

RDF Operations....................................................................................................................................42

Monitor Process...............................................................................................................................42

Extractor Process.............................................................................................................................42

Receiver Process..............................................................................................................................44

Sorted Image Trails.....................................................................................................................45

RDF Control Points....................................................................................................................46

RDFNET Process.............................................................................................................................46

Updater Processes............................................................................................................................46

Audited Database Files..............................................................................................................47

REDO Pass..................................................................................................................................48

UNDO Pass.................................................................................................................................48

Restart Information....................................................................................................................48

Partitioned Files, Alternate Key Files, and Indexes...................................................................48

File System Errors Involving Data Files.....................................................................................49

RTD Times..................................................................................................................................49

Purger Process.................................................................................................................................49

Reciprocal and Chain Replication Require Mutually Exclusive Datavols.................................50

Available Types of Replication to Multiple Backup Systems...............................................................52

RDF Control Subvolume.................................................................................................................53

Other RDF Features..............................................................................................................................53

Triple Contingency..........................................................................................................................53

Loopback Configuration (Single System)........................................................................................53

Online Product Initialization...........................................................................................................54

Table of Contents 3

Online Database Synchronization...................................................................................................54

Online Dumps of the Backup Database..........................................................................................54

Subvolume-Level and File-Level Replication..................................................................................54

Shared Access DDL Operations......................................................................................................54

Configurable Software Location......................................................................................................54

EMS Support....................................................................................................................................55

SMF Support....................................................................................................................................55

RTD Warning Thresholds................................................................................................................55

Process-Lockstep Operation............................................................................................................55

Support for Network Transactions..................................................................................................55

RDF and NonStop SQL/MX.............................................................................................................56

Zero Lost Transactions (ZLT)..........................................................................................................56

Monitoring RDF Entities With ASAP..............................................................................................56

2 Preparing the RDF Environment..................................................................................57

Configuring Hardware for RDF Operations.........................................................................................57

Primary System Configuration........................................................................................................57

Backup System Configuration.........................................................................................................57

Disk Volume Limit...........................................................................................................................58

Volume-to-Volume Mapping...........................................................................................................58

Subvolume-to-Subvolume Name Mapping....................................................................................58

Expand (Data Communication) Resources.....................................................................................58

Preparing Software and Database Files for RDF Operations...............................................................59

Configuring TMF for RDF Operations on the Primary System......................................................60

AUDITTRAIL BUFFER..............................................................................................................60

TMF Configuration With Dump Process on the Primary System.............................................61

TMF Configuration Without Dump Process on the Primary System........................................61

Configuring TMF for RDF Operations on the Backup System.......................................................61

Preparing Databases for RDF Protection.........................................................................................62

Audited Files Per Volume on Primary System..........................................................................62

Audited Backup Database Files.................................................................................................62

Reload of Backup Database...................................................................................................62

Disk Process Pins on Database Volumes..............................................................................62

DSM Catalogs and File Code 900...............................................................................................63

Views on the Backup System.....................................................................................................63

Partitioned Tables and Files.......................................................................................................63

Database Block Sizes and Cache on the Backup System............................................................63

Specifying System Generation Parameters for an RDF Environment.............................................63

Designing Transactions for RDF Protection....................................................................................64

Replicating Database Operations...............................................................................................64

NonStop SQL DDL Operations............................................................................................64

Enscribe File-Label Modifications.........................................................................................64

Purge Operations..................................................................................................................64

Partitioned Files....................................................................................................................65

Temporary Disk Files............................................................................................................65

Using SMF With RDF............................................................................................................................65

Configuring an SMF Environment on the Primary System............................................................66

Configuring an SMF Environment on the Backup RDF System.....................................................66

3 Installing and Configuring RDF..................................................................................69

Preparing the Primary System..............................................................................................................69

Stopping the Software.....................................................................................................................69

Preparing the Tables and Files.........................................................................................................69

4 Table of Contents

Separating NonStop SQL Tables................................................................................................70

Compressing Audit Data for Tables and Files...........................................................................70

Preparing the Backup System...............................................................................................................70

Synchronizing the Primary and Backup Databases........................................................................71

Re-Creating an Empty Database With an OBEY Command.....................................................71

Synchronizing Databases With SQLCI Commands...................................................................72

Synchronizing Databases With BACKUP and RESTORE Utilities............................................73

Synchronizing Databases With FUP..........................................................................................74

Synchronizing Partitioned Files.................................................................................................74

Backing Up Application Programs and Files..................................................................................74

Cache for RDF IMAGETRAILS and UPDATER UPDATEVOLUMES............................................74

Installing RDF.......................................................................................................................................75

RDF/IMP (T0346) Product Components..........................................................................................75

RDF/IMPX (T0347) Product Components.......................................................................................75

RDF/ZLT (T0618) Product Components..........................................................................................76

Process-Lockstep Gateway (T1226) Product Components..............................................................76

Component Licensing......................................................................................................................76

Security Guidelines..........................................................................................................................76

Using the OWNER Attribute to Allow Super Group Users to Start, Stop, and Manage RDF........78

Initializing and Configuring TMF........................................................................................................78

TMF Subsystem Not Running Previously.......................................................................................78

TMF Subsystem Running Previously..............................................................................................79

Initializing and Configuring RDF.........................................................................................................79

Initializing RDF...............................................................................................................................79

Initializing RDF To a TMF Shutdown Timestamp.....................................................................80

Initializing RDF Without any Timestamp Option.....................................................................80

Initializing RDF Without Stopping TMF (Using INITTIME Option)..............................................80

Determining a Valid inittime Value.......................................................................................81

Special Considerations...............................................................................................................81

Enscribe Create Records.......................................................................................................81

Stop-RDF-Updater Records..................................................................................................81

TMF Shutdown Records.......................................................................................................82

Online Installation and Initialization Without Stopping RDF........................................................82

Disaster Points............................................................................................................................83

Considerations............................................................................................................................83

Configuring RDF.............................................................................................................................84

Setting Global Attributes............................................................................................................85

LOGFILE Attribute...............................................................................................................85

UPDATERDELAY Attribute.................................................................................................85

UPDATERTXTIME Attribute................................................................................................86

UPDATERRTDWARNING Attribute...................................................................................86

UPDATEROPEN Attribute...................................................................................................86

SOFTWARELOC Attribute...................................................................................................86

NETWORK Attribute............................................................................................................87

NETWORKMASTER Attribute.............................................................................................87

UPDATEREXCEPTION Attribute........................................................................................87

LOCKSTEPVOL Attribute....................................................................................................87

REPLICATEPURGE Attribute..............................................................................................87

REMOTE MIRROR Attribute................................................................................................87

REMOTE STANDBY Attribute.............................................................................................88

OWNER Attribute.................................................................................................................88

Setting Image Trail Attributes....................................................................................................88

Dedicated Image Trails or Image Trails on UpdateVolumes................................................89

Setting Trigger Attributes...........................................................................................................89

Setting Network Configuration Record Attributes....................................................................90

Table of Contents 5

PRIMARYSYSTEM Attribute................................................................................................90

BACKUPSYSTEM Attribute.................................................................................................91

REMOTECONTROLSUBVOL Attribute..............................................................................91

PNETTXVOLUME Attribute................................................................................................91

Setting Individual Process Attributes........................................................................................91

RDFNET Process...................................................................................................................91

Monitor Process....................................................................................................................91

Extractor Process...................................................................................................................92

Receiver Process....................................................................................................................93

Purger Process.......................................................................................................................94

Updater Processes.................................................................................................................95

Creating a Configuration Command File........................................................................................96

Configuration File Compatibility....................................................................................................96

Enabling RDF Operations.....................................................................................................................97

Starting TMF....................................................................................................................................97

Starting RDF....................................................................................................................................97

Restarting the Applications.............................................................................................................98

4 Operating and Monitoring RDF.................................................................................99

Running RDFCOM...............................................................................................................................99

Command Syntax for Starting an RDFCOM Session......................................................................99

Using RDFCOM Interactively.......................................................................................................100

Starting a Session......................................................................................................................100

Ending a Session.......................................................................................................................101

Interrupting Command Processing..........................................................................................101

Using RDFCOM Noninteractively (without an IN File)...............................................................102

Using RDFCOM From a Command File (IN file)..........................................................................102

Using Scripts for Easy and Fast RDF Initialization and Configuration........................................103

Managing Multiple RDF Environments from One RDFCOM Session.........................................104

Controlling Multiple RDF Environments Running on Different Nodes with a Single Obey

File..................................................................................................................................................104

Using RDFCOM Commands.........................................................................................................105

Configuration Commands........................................................................................................105

Operational Commands...........................................................................................................106

Utility Commands....................................................................................................................106

Entering Commands................................................................................................................107

Requesting Online Help................................................................................................................107

Help for Command Syntax......................................................................................................107

Help for RDF Error Messages..................................................................................................108

Running RDFSCAN............................................................................................................................109

Command Syntax for Starting an RDFSCAN Session...................................................................109

Using RDFSCAN...........................................................................................................................109

Starting a Session......................................................................................................................109

Ending a Session.......................................................................................................................110

Using RDFSCAN Commands........................................................................................................110

Requesting Online Help................................................................................................................111

Help for Command Syntax......................................................................................................111

Introductory Usage Information..............................................................................................112

Performing Routine Operational Tasks...............................................................................................112

Displaying Current Operating Statistics and Configuration Information....................................112

RDF States.................................................................................................................................113

Main STATUS RDF Display......................................................................................................114

Using RDF Status Data to Control TMF Audit Dumping........................................................116

Changing Configuration Attributes..............................................................................................116

6 Table of Contents

Process Priority.........................................................................................................................117

EMS Logs (Collectors)..............................................................................................................117

RETAINCOUNT.......................................................................................................................117

PURGETIME.............................................................................................................................117

UPDATERDELAY.....................................................................................................................117

UPDATEROPEN......................................................................................................................117

Reading Log Messages..................................................................................................................118

Examining RDF Messages........................................................................................................118

ASAP...................................................................................................................................................120

5 Critical Operations, Special Situations, and Error Conditions.............................121

Recovering From File System Errors..................................................................................................121

Handling Disk Space Problems..........................................................................................................124

Exceeding the Maximum Number of Concurrent File Opens............................................................125

Responding to Operational Failures...................................................................................................125

Communication Line Failures.......................................................................................................126

System Failures..............................................................................................................................126

Processor Failures..........................................................................................................................127

Extractor Failure.......................................................................................................................127

Receiver Failure........................................................................................................................127

Updater Failure........................................................................................................................127

Purger Failure...........................................................................................................................128

RDFNET Failure.......................................................................................................................128

RDF State Transition Failure....................................................................................................128

Problems Involving TMF...............................................................................................................128

TMF Audited Volume Failure..................................................................................................128

TMF Subsystem Failure on the Primary System......................................................................128

TMF Subsystem Failure on the Backup System.......................................................................129

Volume Recovery Processing..............................................................................................129

Volume Recovery Failure....................................................................................................129

File Recovery on the Primary System............................................................................................130

File Recovery on the Backup System.............................................................................................130

TMFCOM ABORT TRANSACTION With AVOIDHANGING Option on Primary System........131

Audit Trails Pinned by RDF on the Primary System.....................................................................131

Stopping RDF......................................................................................................................................132

Stopping RDF by Stopping TMF...................................................................................................133

Stopping RDF From the Primary System......................................................................................134

Stopping RDF From the Backup System.......................................................................................134

Stopping RDF Using STOP RDF, DRAIN......................................................................................135

Stopping RDF using STOP RDF, REVERSE Operation.................................................................135

Restarting RDF....................................................................................................................................136

Carrying Out a Planned Switchover...................................................................................................136

Standard Configurations...............................................................................................................136

Using STOP RDF, REVERSE and the REVERSE Trigger...............................................................137

Reciprocal Configurations and Switchover...................................................................................137

Takeover Operations...........................................................................................................................139

The RDF Takeover Operation........................................................................................................139

Phase One Undo Pass...............................................................................................................139

Phase Two Undo Pass...............................................................................................................140

Phase Three Undo Pass............................................................................................................140

Issuing the TAKEOVER Command...............................................................................................140

Issuing the TAKEOVER Command in an Obey File.....................................................................142

Monitoring Takeover Outcome......................................................................................................142

Takeover Failure............................................................................................................................143

Table of Contents 7

Monitor Considerations...........................................................................................................143

Updater Considerations...........................................................................................................143

Takeover and Triple Contingency..................................................................................................143

Checking Exception Files for Uncommitted Transactions............................................................143

How to Plan for the Fastest Movement of Business Operations to Your Backup System After

Takeover.........................................................................................................................................144

Restoring the Primary System.......................................................................................................147

Online Method of Resynchronizing the Primary Database.....................................................148

Offline Method of Resynchronizing the Primary Database.....................................................148

Reading the Backup Database (BROWSE versus STABLE Access)....................................................149

Near Real Time Read Access to Updates on the Primary System......................................................149

Access to Backup Databases with Stable Access................................................................................150

Stopping TMF on the Primary System..........................................................................................150

Using the STOP RDF, DRAIN Command.....................................................................................150

STOP UPDATE to a Timestamp....................................................................................................150

RDF and NonStop SQL DDL Operations...........................................................................................151

Performing Nonshared Access DDL Operations..........................................................................152

Performing Shared Access DDL Operations.................................................................................152

Network Configurations and Shared Access NonStop SQL DDL Operations........................153

RDF and NonStop SQL/MX Operations.............................................................................................153

Backing Up Image Trail Files..............................................................................................................153

TMF and Online Dumps on the Backup System................................................................................154

Doing FUP RELOAD Operations With Updaters Running...............................................................155

Exception File Optimization...............................................................................................................155

Switching Disks on Updater UPDATEVOLUMES.............................................................................155

Online Remirroring of Updater SUBVOLUMES................................................................................156

6 Maintaining the Databases......................................................................................157

Understanding Database States..........................................................................................................157

Making Changes to Database Structures............................................................................................159

NonStop SQL/MP or NonStop SQL/MX Databases......................................................................160

Catalog Changes.......................................................................................................................160

DDL Operations.......................................................................................................................160

With Shared Access.............................................................................................................160

Without Shared Access.......................................................................................................161

Adding a New Column.......................................................................................................161

Guidelines for Create Index and Alter Table Move Operations.........................................162

Example for CREATE INDEX With Shared Access............................................................162

Multiple Indexes on a Single Base Table.............................................................................162

Partition Key Changes..............................................................................................................163

Table Purges.............................................................................................................................163

Enscribe Databases........................................................................................................................164

The STOP TMF Method............................................................................................................164

The STOP RDF DRAIN Method...............................................................................................164

Resynchronizing Databases................................................................................................................164

Resynchronizing Entire Databases Offline....................................................................................165

Resynchronizing Individual Volumes, Tables, and Files Offline..................................................165

Resynchronizing Individual Tables or Files Offline......................................................................166

7 Online Database Synchronization...........................................................................167

Overview.............................................................................................................................................167

Synchronizing Entire Databases Online.............................................................................................168

Considerations When Synchronizing Entire Databases................................................................169

8 Table of Contents

Duration and Preparation Issues..............................................................................................170

SYNCHDBTIME Issues............................................................................................................170

Enscribe Create Records......................................................................................................170

Stop-RDF-Updater Records................................................................................................170

TMF Shutdown Records.....................................................................................................171

CREATE/LOAD Issues (Step 4, Method 1)...............................................................................171

General Considerations for Enscribe Files..........................................................................171

Special Consideration for Enscribe Files.............................................................................172

General Considerations for NonStop SQL Tables...............................................................172

Enscribe Queue File Issues.......................................................................................................172

Different NonStop SQL Product Versions................................................................................173

Moving Duplicated Tables and Files to the Backup System....................................................173

Example of Synchronizing An Entire Database Online................................................................174

Synchronizing Selected Database Portions Online.............................................................................176

Overview........................................................................................................................................176

Example #1 – Staged Synchronization of an Entire Database..................................................176

Example #2 – Synchronization of an Individual Volume.........................................................176

Example #3 – Synchronization of an Individual File or Partition on a Volume.......................176

Partial Database Synchronization Issues.......................................................................................177

Enscribe Files Without Partitions.............................................................................................177

Key-Sequenced and Relative Files......................................................................................177

Entry-Sequenced Files.........................................................................................................177

Enscribe Files With Partitions...................................................................................................177

Key-Sequenced Files with Create/Load (Step 4, Method 1)...............................................177

Key-Sequenced Files with FRNL (Step 4, Method 2)..........................................................178

Relative Files with Create/Load (Step 4, Method 1)...........................................................178

Relative Files with FRNL (Step 4, Method 2)......................................................................178

Entry-Sequenced Files.........................................................................................................178

NonStop SQL/MP and NonStop SQL/MX Tables Without Partitions.....................................178

Tables with SYSKEY or Clustering Keys.............................................................................178

Tables without SYSKEY and Clustering Keys....................................................................178

NonStop SQL/MP and NonStop SQL/MX Tables With Partitions...........................................179

Requirements for Synchronization of Individual Partitions...............................................179

Key-Sequenced Tables.........................................................................................................180

Relative Tables.....................................................................................................................181

NonStop SQL/MP and NonStop SQL/MX Indexes (With or Without Partitions)...................183

Phases of Online Database Synchronization.......................................................................................183

Extractor Phases.............................................................................................................................183

Phase 1, Part 1...........................................................................................................................183

Phase 1, Part 2...........................................................................................................................183

Phase 1, Part 3...........................................................................................................................183

Phase 2......................................................................................................................................184

Updater Phase 2.............................................................................................................................184

Extractor Restart Considerations During Online Database Synchronization....................................184

Determining When Online Database Synchronization Is Complete..................................................184

Extractor Messages........................................................................................................................184

Updater Messages..........................................................................................................................184

8 Entering RDFCOM Commands................................................................................187

Elements of RDFCOM Command Descriptions.................................................................................187

Purpose, Syntax, and Attributes....................................................................................................187

Where Issued.................................................................................................................................187

Security Restrictions......................................................................................................................187

RDF State Requirement.................................................................................................................188

Table of Contents 9

Usage Guidelines...........................................................................................................................188

Output Displayed..........................................................................................................................190

Examples........................................................................................................................................190

RDFCOM-Related Filenames and Process Identifiers........................................................................190

Reserved File Names.....................................................................................................................191

Disk File Names.............................................................................................................................191

Nondisk Device Names.................................................................................................................191

Process File Names........................................................................................................................192

RDFCOM Commands.........................................................................................................................192

ADD...............................................................................................................................................193

Where Issued............................................................................................................................193

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................193

RDF State Requirement............................................................................................................193

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................194

Examples..................................................................................................................................194

ALTER............................................................................................................................................195

Where Issued............................................................................................................................196

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................196

RDF State Requirement............................................................................................................196

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................196

Examples..................................................................................................................................196

COPYAUDIT..................................................................................................................................197

Where Issued............................................................................................................................197

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................197

RDF State Requirement............................................................................................................197

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................197

COPYAUDIT Restartability......................................................................................................198

Example....................................................................................................................................199

DELETE..........................................................................................................................................199

Where Issued............................................................................................................................199

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................200

RDF State Requirement............................................................................................................200

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................200

Examples..................................................................................................................................200

EXIT...............................................................................................................................................201

Where Issued............................................................................................................................201

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................201

RDF State Requirement............................................................................................................201

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................201

Example....................................................................................................................................201

FC...................................................................................................................................................201

Where Issued............................................................................................................................202

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................202

RDF State Requirement............................................................................................................202

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................202

Examples..................................................................................................................................202

HELP..............................................................................................................................................203

Where Issued............................................................................................................................203

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................203

RDF State Requirement............................................................................................................204

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................204

Examples..................................................................................................................................204

HISTORY.......................................................................................................................................205

Where Issued............................................................................................................................205

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................205

10 Table of Contents

RDF State Requirement............................................................................................................205

Examples..................................................................................................................................205

INFO..............................................................................................................................................206

Where Issued............................................................................................................................207

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................207

RDF State Requirements...........................................................................................................207

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................207

Output Displayed.....................................................................................................................208

Examples..................................................................................................................................208

INFO * Command...............................................................................................................208

INFO EXTRACTOR Command..........................................................................................209

INFO EXTRACTOR Command With OBEYFORM Option...............................................209

INFO MONITOR Command..............................................................................................210

INFO RDF Command.........................................................................................................210

INFO VOLUME Command................................................................................................210

INFO PURGER Command..................................................................................................211

INFO TRIGGER Command................................................................................................211

INFO TRIGGER Command With OBEYFORM Option......................................................212

INFO RDFNET Command..................................................................................................212

INFO NETWORK Command.............................................................................................212

INITIALIZE RDF...........................................................................................................................212

Where Issued............................................................................................................................215

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................215

RDF State Requirement............................................................................................................215

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................215

Examples..................................................................................................................................217

OBEY..............................................................................................................................................217

Where Issued............................................................................................................................217

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................217

RDF State Requirement............................................................................................................217

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................218

Example....................................................................................................................................218

OPEN.............................................................................................................................................218

Where Issued............................................................................................................................218

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................218

RDF State Requirement............................................................................................................218

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................218

Examples..................................................................................................................................219

OUT................................................................................................................................................219

Where Issued............................................................................................................................220

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................220

RDF State Requirement............................................................................................................220

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................220

Examples..................................................................................................................................220

RESET............................................................................................................................................220

Where Issued............................................................................................................................221

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................221

RDF State Requirement............................................................................................................221

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................221

Examples..................................................................................................................................222

SET EXTRACTOR..........................................................................................................................222

Where Issued............................................................................................................................223

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................223

RDF State Requirements...........................................................................................................223

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................223

Table of Contents 11

Examples..................................................................................................................................223

SET IMAGETRAIL.........................................................................................................................224

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................224

SET MONITOR..............................................................................................................................224

Where Issued............................................................................................................................225

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................225

RDF State Requirements...........................................................................................................225

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................225

Example....................................................................................................................................225

SET NETWORK.............................................................................................................................225

Where Issued............................................................................................................................226

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................226

RDF State Requirements...........................................................................................................226

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................226

Example....................................................................................................................................226

SET PURGER.................................................................................................................................226

Where Issued............................................................................................................................228

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................228

RDF State Requirements...........................................................................................................228

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................228

Example....................................................................................................................................228

SET RDF.........................................................................................................................................228

Where Issued............................................................................................................................231

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................231

RDF State Requirements...........................................................................................................231

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................231

SET RDFNET.................................................................................................................................231

Where Issued............................................................................................................................232

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................232

RDF State Requirements...........................................................................................................232

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................232

Example....................................................................................................................................232

SET RECEIVER..............................................................................................................................232

Where Issued............................................................................................................................234

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................234

RDF State Requirements...........................................................................................................234

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................234

Examples..................................................................................................................................234

SET TRIGGER................................................................................................................................235

Where Issued............................................................................................................................235

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................236

RDF State Requirements...........................................................................................................236

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................236

Example....................................................................................................................................236

SET VOLUME................................................................................................................................236

Where Issued............................................................................................................................238

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................238

RDF State Requirements...........................................................................................................238

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................238

Examples..................................................................................................................................239

SHOW............................................................................................................................................239

Where Issued............................................................................................................................240

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................240

RDF State Requirements...........................................................................................................240

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................240

12 Table of Contents

Output Displayed.....................................................................................................................240

Examples..................................................................................................................................240

SHOW RDF Command............................................................................................................240

SHOW RECEIVER Command..................................................................................................241

SHOW PURGER Command.....................................................................................................241

SHOW VOLUME Command...................................................................................................241

SHOW RDFNET Command.....................................................................................................242

SHOW NETWORK Command................................................................................................242

SHOW TRIGGER Command...................................................................................................242

START RDF....................................................................................................................................242

Where Issued............................................................................................................................243

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................243

RDF State Requirement............................................................................................................243

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................243

Examples..................................................................................................................................244

START UPDATE............................................................................................................................244

Where Issued............................................................................................................................244

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................244

RDF State Requirement............................................................................................................244

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................244

Example....................................................................................................................................244

STATUS..........................................................................................................................................244

Where Issued............................................................................................................................245

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................245

RDF State Requirement............................................................................................................245

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................245

STATUS RDF Command Output Display................................................................................245

RDF Process..............................................................................................................................247

Name........................................................................................................................................247

RTD Time.................................................................................................................................247

Pri..............................................................................................................................................248

Volume and Seqnce..................................................................................................................248

Cpus..........................................................................................................................................249

Error..........................................................................................................................................249

Special Messages......................................................................................................................249

Examples..................................................................................................................................250

STOP RDF......................................................................................................................................250

Where Issued............................................................................................................................250

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................251

RDF State Requirement............................................................................................................251

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................251

Examples..................................................................................................................................252

STOP SYNCH................................................................................................................................252

Where Issued............................................................................................................................252

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................252

RDF State Requirement............................................................................................................252

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................253

Example....................................................................................................................................253

STOP UPDATE..............................................................................................................................253

Where Issued............................................................................................................................253

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................253

RDF State Requirement............................................................................................................253

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................254

Examples..................................................................................................................................254

TAKEOVER....................................................................................................................................255

Table of Contents 13

Where Issued............................................................................................................................255

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................255

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................255

Limitation.................................................................................................................................257

Example....................................................................................................................................257

UNPINAUDIT...............................................................................................................................257

Where Issued............................................................................................................................257

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................257

RDF State Requirement............................................................................................................258

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................258

Example....................................................................................................................................258

VALIDATE CONFIGURATION....................................................................................................258

Where Issued............................................................................................................................258

Security Restrictions.................................................................................................................258

RDF State Requirement............................................................................................................258

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................258

Example....................................................................................................................................259

9 Entering RDFSCAN Commands...............................................................................261

About the EMS Log.............................................................................................................................261

Elements of RDFSCAN Command Descriptions................................................................................261

RDFSCAN Commands.......................................................................................................................262

AT...................................................................................................................................................262

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................262

Examples..................................................................................................................................262

DISPLAY........................................................................................................................................262

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................263

Examples..................................................................................................................................263

EXIT...............................................................................................................................................263

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................263

Examples..................................................................................................................................264

FILE................................................................................................................................................264

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................264

Examples..................................................................................................................................264

HELP..............................................................................................................................................265

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................265

Examples..................................................................................................................................265

LIST................................................................................................................................................265

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................265

Output Displayed.....................................................................................................................266

Examples..................................................................................................................................266

LOG................................................................................................................................................266

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................267

Output Displayed.....................................................................................................................267

Examples..................................................................................................................................267

MATCH..........................................................................................................................................267

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................267

Examples..................................................................................................................................268

NOLOG..........................................................................................................................................268

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................269

Examples..................................................................................................................................269

SCAN.............................................................................................................................................269

Usage Guidelines......................................................................................................................269

Examples..................................................................................................................................269

14 Table of Contents

10 Triple Contingency...................................................................................................271

Overview.............................................................................................................................................271

Requirements......................................................................................................................................271

How Triple Contingency Works.........................................................................................................271

Hardware Requirements.....................................................................................................................272

Software Requirements.......................................................................................................................272

The RETAINCOUNT Configuration Parameter.................................................................................273

The COPYAUDIT Command..............................................................................................................274

COPYAUDIT Restartability................................................................................................................275

Using ZLT to Achieve Triple Contingency Protection for Auxiliary Audit Trails.............................275

Triple Contingency Without ZLT..................................................................................................275

Using ZLT to Achieve the same Protection...................................................................................276

Summary.............................................................................................................................................277

11 Subvolume-Level and File-Level Replication...........................................................279

INCLUDE Clauses..............................................................................................................................279

EXCLUDE Clauses..............................................................................................................................279

Wildcard Character (*)........................................................................................................................280

Within Subvolume Names.............................................................................................................280

Within Filenames...........................................................................................................................280

INCLUDE/EXCLUDE and RDFCOM In-Memory Table....................................................................280

INCLUDE and EXCLUDE Processing................................................................................................281

INCLUDEPURGE and EXCLUDEPURGE.........................................................................................281

Error Checking....................................................................................................................................282

Performance Ramifications.................................................................................................................282

Summary Examples............................................................................................................................282

12 Subvolume Name Mapping...................................................................................285

Creating a Mapfile to Define the Rules for Subvolume Name Mapping...........................................285

Rules for Creating Mapfile Mapping Strings......................................................................................285

How an Updater Manages Filename Collisions.................................................................................286

Creating a Maplog to Log Subvolume Name Mapping.....................................................................287

Adding a Mapfile and Maplog to an Updater's Configuration Record.............................................288

Managing Subvolume Name Mapping for Partitioned Files.............................................................288

13 Auxiliary Audit Trails...............................................................................................291

Auxiliary Extractor..............................................................................................................................291

Auxiliary Receiver...............................................................................................................................291

Configuring Extractors and Receivers................................................................................................291

Error conditions.............................................................................................................................291

Configuring Image Trails....................................................................................................................292

Configuring Updaters.........................................................................................................................292

Error Conditions............................................................................................................................292

Ramifications for STOP TMF, Stop-Update-to-Time, and SQL Shared Access DDL Ops..................292

Takeover Ramifications.......................................................................................................................293

Usage of Master and Auxiliary Audit Trails.......................................................................................293

Using Expand Multi-CPU Paths.........................................................................................................293

14 Network Transactions..............................................................................................295

Configuration Changes.......................................................................................................................295

NETWORK Attribute.....................................................................................................................295

Table of Contents 15

NETWORKMASTER Attribute.....................................................................................................296

Network Configuration Record.....................................................................................................296

PRIMARYSYSTEM Network Attribute....................................................................................296

BACKUPSYSTEM Network Attribute.....................................................................................296

REMOTECONTROLSUBVOL (RCSV) Network Attribute.....................................................297

PNETTXVOLUME Network Attribute....................................................................................297

Adding the Network Record....................................................................................................297

RDF Network Synchronizer (RDFNET) Process...........................................................................297

RDF Network Control Files................................................................................................................297

Normal RDF Processing Within a Network Environment.................................................................297

RDF Takeovers Within a Network Environment................................................................................298

Takeover Phase 1 – Local Undo.....................................................................................................298

Takeover Phase 2 – File Undo........................................................................................................298

Takeover Phase 3 – Network Undo...............................................................................................298

Takeover Phase 3 Performance......................................................................................................299

Communication Failures During Phase 3 Takeover Processing....................................................299

Takeover Delays and Purger Restarts............................................................................................299

Takeover Restartability..................................................................................................................299

Takeover and File Recovery...........................................................................................................300

The Effects of Undoing Network Transactions..............................................................................300

Takeover and the RETAINCOUNT Value.....................................................................................302

Network Configurations and Shared Access NonStop SQL/MP DDL Operations............................303

Network Validation and Considerations............................................................................................303

RDF Reinitialization in a Network Environment...............................................................................303

Network Master Subsystem Initialization.....................................................................................303

Non-Network Master Subsystem Initialization............................................................................303

RDF Networks and ABORT or STOP RDF Operations......................................................................304

RDF Networks and Stop-Update-to-Time Operations.......................................................................304

Sample Configurations.......................................................................................................................305

Sample Network Master Configuration........................................................................................305

Sample Non-Network Master Configuration................................................................................306

RDFCOM STATUS Display.................................................................................................................307

15 Process-Lockstep Operation....................................................................................309

Starting a Lockstep Operation............................................................................................................309

The DoLockstep Procedure.................................................................................................................310

Including the DoLockstep in COBOL85 Applications..................................................................310

Invoking DoLockStep by Way of TAL...........................................................................................310

DoLockStep Execution...................................................................................................................310

The Lockstep Transaction....................................................................................................................311

RDF Lockstep File...............................................................................................................................311

Multiple Concurrent Lockstep Operations.........................................................................................312

Lockstep and Auxiliary Audit Trails..................................................................................................312

The Lockstep Gateway Process...........................................................................................................312

NAME............................................................................................................................................312

PROGRAM....................................................................................................................................312

STARTUPMSG...............................................................................................................................313

AUTORESTART.............................................................................................................................313

Disabling Lockstep..............................................................................................................................313

Reenabling Lockstep...........................................................................................................................313

Lockstep Performance Ramifications..................................................................................................313

Lockstep and Auxiliary Audit Trails..................................................................................................314

Lockstep and Network Transactions...................................................................................................314

Lockstep Gateway Event Messages....................................................................................................314

16 Table of Contents

16 NonStop SQL/MX and RDF...................................................................................323

Including and Excluding SQL/MX Objects.........................................................................................323

Creating NonStop SQL/MX Primary and Backup Databases.............................................................323

Creating a NonStop SQL/MX Backup Database From an Existing Primary Database......................326

Online Database Synchronization With NonStop SQL/MX Objects..................................................328

Creating the Fuzzy Copy on the Primary System.........................................................................328

Creating the Fuzzy Copy on the Backup System..........................................................................330

Offline Synchronization for a Single Partition....................................................................................330

Directly From the Primary to the Backup......................................................................................330

Indirectly From the Primary to the Backup By Way of a Temporary File.....................................331

Backup Partition Does Not Already Exist.....................................................................................331

Online Synchronization for a Single Partition....................................................................................331

Correcting Incorrect NonStop SQL/MX Name Mapping...................................................................332

Primary and Backup ANSI Catalog Are the Same........................................................................332

Primary and Backup ANSI Schema Names Are Not the Same.....................................................332

Schema Subvolume Names Are Not the Same..............................................................................332

Guardian Filename Is Incorrect for Partition.................................................................................332

Consideration for Creating Backup Tables.........................................................................................333

Restoring to a Specific Location..........................................................................................................333

Example.........................................................................................................................................333

Comparing NonStop SQL/MX Tables.................................................................................................335

17 Zero Lost Transactions (ZLT).....................................................................................337

How It Works......................................................................................................................................337

Using CommitHoldMode...................................................................................................................340

Hardware Setup..................................................................................................................................340

Assigning CPUs on the Standby System............................................................................................340

RDF Configuration Attributes............................................................................................................341

RDF Remote Mirror Configuration...............................................................................................341

RDF Remote Standby Configuration.............................................................................................341

RDF Configuration Record Validation..........................................................................................341

Extractor Audit-Trail Configuration..............................................................................................341

ALTER RDF Remote Mirror Configuration...................................................................................342

ZLT Takeover Operations...................................................................................................................342

Phase 1 (ZLT Processing)...............................................................................................................342

The Audit-Fixup Process..........................................................................................................343

Phase 2 (Takeover Processing).......................................................................................................343

ZLT Events.....................................................................................................................................343

Error Conditions............................................................................................................................343

STATUS RDF..................................................................................................................................343

RDFCOM INFO and SHOW Commands......................................................................................344

Old Audit-Trail Files......................................................................................................................344

Recovering the Primary System After an RDF ZLT Takeover............................................................344

ZLT and RDF Networks......................................................................................................................346

STOP TMF Operations........................................................................................................................346

During Normal Operations...........................................................................................................346

During ZLT Takeover Processing..................................................................................................346

SQL Shared Access DDL Operations..................................................................................................347

A RDF Commands Quick Reference............................................................................349

RDFCOM Run Syntax.........................................................................................................................349

RDFCOM Commands Quick Reference.............................................................................................349

ADD...............................................................................................................................................349

Table of Contents 17

ALTER............................................................................................................................................349

COPYAUDIT..................................................................................................................................350

DELETE..........................................................................................................................................350

EXIT...............................................................................................................................................350

FC...................................................................................................................................................350

HELP..............................................................................................................................................350

HISTORY.......................................................................................................................................350

INFO..............................................................................................................................................351

INITIALIZE RDF...........................................................................................................................351

OBEY..............................................................................................................................................351

OPEN.............................................................................................................................................351

OUT................................................................................................................................................351

RESET............................................................................................................................................352

SET EXTRACTOR..........................................................................................................................352

SET IMAGETRAIL.........................................................................................................................352

SET MONITOR..............................................................................................................................352

SET NETWORK.............................................................................................................................353

SET PURGER.................................................................................................................................353

SET RDF.........................................................................................................................................353

SET RDFNET.................................................................................................................................354

SET RECEIVER..............................................................................................................................354

SET TRIGGER................................................................................................................................354

SET VOLUME................................................................................................................................354

SHOW............................................................................................................................................355

START RDF....................................................................................................................................355

START UPDATE............................................................................................................................355

STATUS..........................................................................................................................................355

STOP RDF......................................................................................................................................356

STOP SYNCH................................................................................................................................356

STOP UPDATE..............................................................................................................................356

TAKEOVER....................................................................................................................................356

UNPINAUDIT...............................................................................................................................356

VALIDATE CONFIGURATION....................................................................................................356

RDFSCAN Commands Quick Reference............................................................................................357

AT...................................................................................................................................................357

DISPLAY........................................................................................................................................357

EXIT...............................................................................................................................................357

FILE................................................................................................................................................357

HELP..............................................................................................................................................357

LIST................................................................................................................................................357

LOG................................................................................................................................................357

MATCH..........................................................................................................................................357

NOLOG..........................................................................................................................................358

SCAN.............................................................................................................................................358

File Names and Process Identifiers.....................................................................................................358

Reserved File Names.....................................................................................................................358

Disk File Names.............................................................................................................................358

Nondisk Device Names.................................................................................................................358

Process File Names........................................................................................................................358

B Additional Reference Information.............................................................................359

Default Configuration Parameters......................................................................................................359

Sample Configuration File..................................................................................................................360

RDFSNOOP Utility.............................................................................................................................362

18 Table of Contents

RDF System Files.................................................................................................................................362

RDF File Codes....................................................................................................................................364

C Messages...................................................................................................................365

About the Message Descriptions........................................................................................................365

RDF Messages.....................................................................................................................................365

RDFCOM Messages............................................................................................................................413

RDFSCAN Messages...........................................................................................................................461

D Operational Limits.....................................................................................................463

E Using ASAP................................................................................................................465

Architectural Overview......................................................................................................................465

Installation...........................................................................................................................................466

Auto Discovery...................................................................................................................................466

Monitoring Specific RDF Environments.............................................................................................466

Adding and Removing RDF Environments.......................................................................................467

Version Compatibility.........................................................................................................................467

RDF Metrics Reported by ASAP.........................................................................................................467

Index...............................................................................................................................469

Table of Contents 19

List of Figures

1-1 Basic RDF Configuration...............................................................................................................33

1-2 RDF Topologies.............................................................................................................................37

1-3 RDF Tasks to Maintain a Copy of a Database...............................................................................40

1-4 RDF Subsystem Processes.............................................................................................................41

1-5 Extractor Process Operation..........................................................................................................43

1-6 Receiver Process Operation...........................................................................................................45

6-1 Synchronized Databases Before Starting RDF............................................................................157

6-2 Synchronized Databases During RDF Operations......................................................................158

6-3 Synchronized Databases, No Outstanding Audit.......................................................................158

6-4 Synchronized Databases After STOP TMF Command...............................................................159

6-5 Unsynchronized Databases.........................................................................................................159

10-1 RDFZLT with Triple Contingency...............................................................................................276

17-1 ZLT Configuration With a Single Standby/Backup System........................................................338

17-2 ZLT Configuration With a Single Standby/Backup System and With the Remote Mirror Located

at an Intermediate Site.................................................................................................................338

17-3 ZLT Configuration With Standby and Backup Systems Located at Separate Sites....................339

E-1 The RDF/ASAP Environment......................................................................................................466

20 List of Figures

List of Tables

1-1 Audit Records at the Time of a Primary System Failure..............................................................34

2-1 RDF Hardware Requirements.......................................................................................................57

2-2 Software Requirements.................................................................................................................60

3-1 RDF Process and Program Security Attributes.............................................................................76

4-1 RDFCOM Configuration Commands..........................................................................................105

4-2 RDFCOM Operational Commands.............................................................................................106

4-3 RDFCOM Utility Commands......................................................................................................107

4-4 RDFSCAN Commands................................................................................................................110

4-5 RDF States....................................................................................................................................113

5-1 Recovery From File Modification Failures (RDF Event 700).......................................................122

5-2 Recovery From File Open Failures (RDF Event 705)...................................................................123

5-3 Recovery From File Creation Failures (RDF Event 739)..............................................................123

8-1 Systems for RDFCOM Commands..............................................................................................188

8-2 Default User Security for RDFCOM Commands........................................................................189

9-1 Pattern Matching Symbols in RDFSCAN....................................................................................268

D-1 Operational Limits for RDF/IMP, IMPX, and ZLT......................................................................463

E-1 RDF Metrics Reported by ASAP.................................................................................................467

21

List of Examples

1-1 Reciprocal Replication...................................................................................................................50

1-2 Chain Replication..........................................................................................................................51

1-3 Invalid Chain Replication..............................................................................................................51

22 List of Examples

About This Document

The Remote Database Facility (RDF) subsystem enables users at a local (primary) system to
maintain a current, online copy of their database on one or more remote (backup) systems,
protecting stored information from damage that might occur at the primary system. RDF
accomplishes this by sending audit trail information, generated at the primary system by the
NonStop Transaction Management Facility (TMF) product, over the network to the backup
system. At the backup system, RDF software uses the transported information to update the
backup database so that it reflects all changes made to the primary database. The backup database
is usually current within seconds of the primary. If system capability is lost at the primary system,
service can be recovered quickly at the backup system using the live backup database.

This manual describes the RDF subsystem as implemented in version 1, update 9 (RDF 1.9) for
RDF IMP, RDF/IMPX and RDF/ZLT on J-series and H-series RVUs.

This manual contains introductory and conceptual information for new users, followed by
directions for installing, configuring, and operating RDF and managing the RDF environment.
It covers activities at both the primary and backup sites and fully describes all commands available
to users. It provides complete reference information for these commands, including their syntax
and semantics. Finally, it lists all RDF messages and describes their meaning and any corrective
actions that users must take.

Supported Release Version Updates (RVUs)

This manual supports J06.03 and all subsequent J-series RVUs and H06.03 and all subsequent
H-series RVUs, until otherwise indicated by its replacement publications.

Intended Audience

This manual contains information for everyone responsible for RDF installation, management,
and operations on HP Integrity NonStop™ systems:

• System managers

• System operators

• Database administrators

• System analysts

• Application designers

Before reading this manual, you should be familiar with Integrity NonStop system architecture.
You should also understand the TMF product on which RDF is based. For information about
TMF, see the TMF manuals listed in “Related Information”.

Additionally, it is essential to note that throughout this manual the phrases NonStop SQL products
and NonStop SQL refer to the NonStop SQL/MP and NonStop SQL/MX product set.

New and Changed Information in This Edition

Besides minor corrections and clarifications throughout the manual, the significant new and
changed information contained in this manual are organised in the following manner:

New features in the RDF 1.9 manual.

• Added information on the new option of automatic deletion of RDF control files during

initialization in “Initializing RDF” (page 79) and “INITIALIZE RDF” (page 212).

• Added new section on“Managing Multiple RDFEnvironments from One RDFCOM Session”

(page 104).

• Added information on altering “UPDATEROPEN” (page 117).

Supported Release Version Updates (RVUs) 23

• Added information on running a TAKEOVER command using an OBEY file/IN File in

“Issuing the TAKEOVER Command in an Obey File”(page 142) and “TAKEOVER” (page 255).

• Added information about FASTUPDATEMODE in “Near Real Time Read Access to Updates

on the Primary System” (page 149) and “SET RECEIVER” (page 232).

• Added information on support for long filenames in “Process File Names” (page 358).

• Added the figure for Triple contingency under “Using ZLT to Achieve the same Protection”

(page 276).

• Added information on Subvolume/File Level REPLICATEPURGE option in

Chapter 11 “Subvolume-Level and File-Level Replication”.

• Added the section “INCLUDEPURGE and EXCLUDEPURGE” (page 281).

• Added a new EMS event 931 that displays the ANSI name of a SQL/MX object on which a

SHARED ACCESS DDL operation was performed.

• Added Fast TAKEOVER Guidelines in “How to Plan for the Fastest Movement of Business

Operations to Your Backup System After Takeover” (page 144).

Updates in the RDF 1.9 manual

• Updated description of AUDITTRAILBUFFER attribute in “Configuring TMF for RDF

Operations on the Primary System” (page 60).

• Updated information on Online dumps and configuration of UPDATEROPEN mode in

“Configuring TMF for RDF Operations on the Backup System” (page 61).

• Updated recommended number of Audited files per volume in “Audited Files Per Volume

on Primary System” (page 62).

• Updated details on PROTECTED mode in “UPDATEROPEN Attribute” (page 86).

• Added the section “Dedicated Image Trails or Image Trails on UpdateVolumes” (page 89).

• Added the section “Using Scripts for Easy and Fast RDF Initialization and Configuration”

(page 103).

• Added and updated Table 4-5 “RDF States” in “RDF States” (page 113).

• Updated “Main STATUS RDF Display” (page 114).

• Updated effects and workaround for “Exceeding the Maximum Number of Concurrent File

Opens” (page 125).

• Updated significance of audit pinning operation and precautions in “Audit Trails Pinned

by RDF on the Primary System” (page 131).

• Added significance of taking TMF and online dumps on backup system with respect to

business continuity in “TMF and Online Dumps on the Backup System” (page 154).

• Added the following sections in DDL Operations:

“With Shared Access” (page 160)
“Without Shared Access” (page 161)
“Adding a New Column” (page 161)

• Updated the STATUS command with description of its elements on (page 244).

• Updated the example to reflect new features in “Sample Configuration File” (page 360).

• Updated new limits for number of files open per updater in Table D-1 “Operational Limits

for RDF/IMP, IMPX, and ZLT”.

• Updated message 733 in Appendix C (page 365).

• Added new error messages in “Messages” (page 365).

Document Organization

This manual presents three levels of information: introductory and conceptual information
(Chapter 1), task-oriented guidelines (Chapters 2 through 7 and Chapters 10 through 14), and
reference information (Chapters8 and 9 and Appendixes A, B,and C). The following table shows

24

where to look for the information you need, based upon the responsibility you have or the kind
of tasks you perform at your site:

Chapter/AppendixResponsibility

AllSystem manager

1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, A, C, D, ESystem operator

1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, A, B, C, D, EDatabase

administrator

1, 2, 3, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17System analyst

1, 2, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 17, A, B, C, DApplication designer

The chapters and appendixes contain this information:

• Chapter 1 (page 31) introduces RDF and its goals, features, and capabilities; describes the

main RDF processes and their functions; introduces the RDFCOM and RDFSCAN command
interfaces used to communicate with the subsystem; and presents an overview of RDF
operation.

• Chapter 2 (page 57) describes how to configure hardware and prepare software for RDF

installation and operation.

• Chapter 3 (page 69) explains how to install and configure RDF, including how to copy

databases and files from the primary system to the backup system before starting RDF.

• Chapter 4 (page 99) discusses how to operate RDF, including how to issue RDFCOM and

RDFSCAN commands and how to display RDF configuration parameters and operating
statistics, change configuration parameters, and interpret log files.

• Chapter 5 (page 121)explains how to manage the RDF environment, including how to recover

from file-system errors, respond to failures, stop and restart the RDF product, direct the
backup system to take over application processing when a disaster occurs at the primary
system site, and perform other specialized tasks.

• Chapter 6 (page 157)details how to back up altered database structures and how to

resynchronize the primary and backup databases.

• Chapter 7 (page 167)describes how to synchronize entire databases or selected database

volumes online.

• Chapter 8 (page 187) and Chapter 9 (page 261) present the syntax of all RDFCOM and

RDFSCAN commands, respectively, and give examples of these commands.

• Chapter 10 (page 271) describes the triple contingency feature.

• Chapter 11 (page 279) describes subvolume-level and file-level replication.

• Chapter 12 (page 285) describes how to use the mapfile, maplog, and updater configuration

record to support mapping between primary system and backup system subvolumes.

• Chapter 13 (page 291) describes support for auxiliary audit trails.

• Chapter 14 (page 295) describes support for network transactions.

• Chapter 15 (page 309) describes lockstep operation.

• Chapter 16 (page 323) describes SQL/MX database setup for RDF.

• Chapter 17 (page 337) describes the Zero Lost Transactions (ZLT) functional capability.

• Appendix A (page 349) summarizes the syntax of all RDFCOM and RDFSCAN commands.

• Appendix B (page 359) provides additional information about RDF, including reserved

words, default values for configuration parameters, and system file descriptions.

• Appendix C (page 365) lists all messagesthat can be generated by the lockstep gateway, RDF

processes, RDFCOM, and RDFSCAN, and their probable causes, effects, and recovery actions.

• Appendix D (page 463) lists all the operational limits that apply to the RDF/IMP, IMPX, and

ZLT products.

• Appendix E (page 465) describes how to monitor RDF entities using ASAP.

Document Organization 25

Notation Conventions

General Syntax Notation

This list summarizes the notation conventions for syntax presentation in this manual.

UPPERCASE LETTERS

Uppercase letters indicate keywords and reserved words. Type these items exactly as shown.
Items not enclosed in brackets are required. For example:

MAXATTACH

Italic Letters

Italic letters, regardless of font, indicate variable items that you supply. Items not enclosed
in brackets are required. For example:

filename

Computer Type

Computer type letters indicate:

• C and Open System Services (OSS) keywords, commands, and reserved words. Type
these items exactly as shown. Items not enclosed in brackets are required. For example:

Use the cextdecs.h header file.

• Text displayed by the computer. For example:

Last Logon: 14 May 2006, 08:02:23

• A listing of computer code. For example

if (listen(sock, 1) < 0)
{
perror("Listen Error");
exit(-1);
}

Bold Text

Bold text in an example indicates user input typed at the terminal. For example:

ENTER RUN CODE

?123
CODE RECEIVED: 123.00

The user must press the Return key after typing the input.

[ ] Brackets

Brackets enclose optional syntax items. For example:

TERM [\system-name.]$terminal-name

INT[ERRUPTS]

A group of items enclosed in brackets is a list from which you can choose one item or none.
The items in the list can be arranged either vertically, with aligned brackets on each side of
the list, or horizontally, enclosed in a pair of brackets and separated by vertical lines. For
example:

FC [ num ]
[ -num ]
[ text ]

K [ X | D ] address

26

{ } Braces

A group of items enclosed in braces is a list from which you are required to choose one item.
The items in the list can be arranged either vertically, with aligned braces on each side of the
list, or horizontally, enclosed in a pair of braces and separated by vertical lines. For example:

LISTOPENS PROCESS { $appl-mgr-name }
{ $process-name }

ALLOWSU { ON | OFF }

| Vertical Line

A vertical line separates alternatives in a horizontal list that is enclosed in brackets or braces.
For example:

INSPECT { OFF | ON | SAVEABEND }

… Ellipsis

An ellipsis immediately following a pair of brackets or braces indicates that you can repeat
the enclosed sequence of syntax items any number of times. For example:

M address [ , new-value ]…

- ] {0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9}…

An ellipsis immediately following a single syntax item indicates that you can repeat that
syntax item any number of times. For example:

"s-char…"

Punctuation

Parentheses, commas, semicolons, and other symbols not previously described must be typed
as shown. For example:

error := NEXTFILENAME ( filename ) ;

LISTOPENS SU $process-name.#su-name

Quotation marks around a symbol such as a bracket or brace indicate the symbol is a required
character that you must type as shown. For example:

"[" repetition-constant-list "]"

Item Spacing

Spaces shown between items are required unless one of the items is a punctuation symbol
such as a parenthesis or a comma. For example:

CALL STEPMOM ( process-id ) ;

If there is no space between two items, spaces are not permitted. In this example, no spaces
are permitted between the period and any other items:

$process-name.#su-name

Line Spacing

If the syntax of a command is too long to fit on a single line, each continuation line is indented
three spaces and is separated from the preceding line by a blank line. This spacing
distinguishes items in a continuation line from items in a vertical list of selections. For example:

ALTER [ / OUT file-spec / ] LINE

[ , attribute-spec ]…

Notation Conventions 27

!i and !o

In procedure calls, the !i notation follows an input parameter (one that passes data to the
called procedure); the !o notation follows an output parameter (one that returns data to the
calling program). For example:

CALL CHECKRESIZESEGMENT ( segment-id !i
, error ) ; !o

!i,o

In procedure calls, the !i,o notation follows an input/output parameter (one that both passes
data to the called procedure and returns data to the calling program). For example:

error := COMPRESSEDIT ( filenum ) ; !i,o

!i:i

In procedure calls, the !i:i notation follows an input string parameter that has a corresponding
parameter specifying the length of the string in bytes. For example:

error := FILENAME_COMPARE_ ( filename1:length !i:i
, filename2:length ) ; !i:i

!o:i

In procedure calls, the !o:i notation follows an output buffer parameter that has a
corresponding input parameter specifyingthe maximum length of the output buffer in bytes.
For example:

error := FILE_GETINFO_ ( filenum !i
, [ filename:maxlen ] ) ; !o:i

Notation for Messages

This list summarizes the notation conventions for the presentation of displayed messages in this
manual.

Bold Text

Bold text in an example indicates user input typed at the terminal. For example:

ENTER RUN CODE

?123
CODE RECEIVED: 123.00

The user must press the Return key after typing the input.

Nonitalic Text

Nonitalic letters, numbers, and punctuation indicate text that is displayed or returned exactly
as shown. For example:

Backup Up.

Italic Text

Italic text indicates variable items whose values are displayed or returned. For example:

p-register

process-name

[ ] Brackets

Brackets enclose items that are sometimes, but not always, displayed. For example:

Event number = number [ Subject = first-subject-value ]

28

A group of items enclosed in brackets is a list of all possible items that can be displayed, of
which one or none might actually be displayed. The items in the list can be arranged either
vertically, with aligned brackets on each side of the list, or horizontally, enclosed in a pair of
brackets and separated by vertical lines. For example:

proc-name trapped [ in SQL | in SQL file system ]

{ } Braces

A group of items enclosed in braces is a list of all possible items that can be displayed, of
which one is actually displayed. The items in the list can be arranged either vertically, with
aligned braces on each side of the list, or horizontally, enclosed in a pair of braces and
separated by vertical lines. For example:

obj-type obj-name state changed to state, caused by
{ Object | Operator | Service }

process-name State changed from old-objstate to objstate
{ Operator Request. }
{ Unknown. }

| Vertical Line

A vertical line separates alternatives in a horizontal list that is enclosed in brackets or braces.
For example:

Transfer status: { OK | Failed }

% Percent Sign

A percent sign precedes a number that is not in decimal notation. The % notation precedes
an octal number. The %B notation precedes a binary number. The %H notation precedes a
hexadecimal number. For example:

%005400

%B101111

%H2F

P=%p-register E=%e-register

Related Information

This manual belongs to the NonStop data management library of manuals. It is the only manual
that fully and directly supports RDF. To use this manual effectively, however, you should be
familiar with the information for the TMF product described in the following publications:

• TMF Introduction, which provides a general overview of TMF concepts and capabilities for

business professionals, application designers and programmers, and system managers and
administrators.

• TMF Planning and Configuration Guide, whichprovides information on howto plan, configure,

and manage a TMF system.

• TMF Operations and Recovery Guide, which describes how to monitor TMF operations,

reconfigure TMF, perform online and audit dumps, and respond to a variety of exception
conditions.

• TMF Reference Manual, which covers the syntax, cautionary considerations, and examples

for using the TMFCOM command interface to the TMF product.

Another manual in the Data Management Library, Introduction to Data Management, provides an
overview of NonStop data management products, including RDF, and discusses the use of these
products in OLTP applications.

Related Information 29

Manuals for other software products that contain information helpful to RDF users include:

• SQL/MX Installation and Management Guide and the SQL/MP Installation and Management

Guide, which explain how to install the NonStop SQL/MX and SQL/MP relational database
management systems andhow to plan, create, and manage SQL/MX and SQL/MP databases
and applications.

• SQL/MX Reference Manual and the SQL/MP Reference Manual, which describe the command

and statement syntax and usage considerations for the NonStop SQL/MX and SQL/MP
relational database management systems, including interaction with the NonStop SQL
product for database protection.

• SQL/MP Version Management Guide, which describes version management for different

versions of the NonStop SQL/MP software, catalogs, objects, messages, files, and programs.

• TACL Reference Manual, which discusses operations available in the HP Tandem Advanced

Command Language (TACL), the standard command interface to the NonStop operating
system. This is the interface through which you run RDFCOM and RDFSCAN and manage
files used by them.

• File Utility Program (FUP) Reference Manual, which describes the command syntax and error

messages for the File Utility Program (FUP).

• Operator Messages Manual, which describes various error codes.

• Guardian Procedure Errors and Messages Manual, which provides additional details about

understanding and correcting file system errors.

Publishing History

Publication DateProduct VersionPart Number

July 2005NonStop RDF/IMPX 1.6 (T0346 and T0347)

NonStop RDF/ZLT 1.6 (T0618)

529826-002

November 2005NonStop RDF/IMPX 1.7 (T0346 and T0347)

NonStop RDF/ZLT 1.7 (T0618)

529826-003

August 2007NonStop RDF/IMPX 1.8 (T0346 and T0347) and Lockstep Gateway
(T1226)
NonStop RDF/ZLT 1.8 (T0618)

529826–004

May 2009NonStop RDF/IMPX 1.9 (T0346 and T0347) and Lockstep Gateway
(T1226)
NonStop RDF/ZLT 1.9 (T0618)

529826–005

June 2009NonStop RDF/IMPX 1.9 (T0346 and T0347) and Lockstep Gateway
(T1226)
NonStop RDF/ZLT 1.9 (T0618)

529826–006

HP Encourages Your Comments

HP encourages your comments concerning this document. We are committed to providing
documentation that meets your needs. Send any errors found, suggestions for improvement, or
compliments to:

[e-mail]

Include the document title, part number, and any comment, error found, or suggestion for
improvement you have concerning this document.

30