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REACTOR 40 COMPACT HYDRAULIC
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Garmin REACTOR 40 COMPACT HYDRAULIC Installation Instructions Manual

REACTOR™ 40 COMPACT
HYDRAULIC
Installation Instructions

Important Safety Information

WARNING
See the Important Safety and Product Information guide in the product box for product warnings and other important information.
Always be prepared to promptly regain manual control of your boat.
Learn to operate the autopilot on calm and hazard-free open water.
Use caution when operating the autopilot near hazards in the water, such as docks, pilings, and other boats.
CAUTION
When in use, beware of hot motor and solenoid components and the risk of entrapment from moving parts.
Failure to install and maintain this equipment in accordance with these instructions could result in damage or injury.
NOTICE
To avoid damage to your boat, the autopilot system should be installed by a qualified marine installer. Specific knowledge of hydraulic steering componentry and marine electrical systems is required for proper installation.

Registering Your Device

Help us better support you by completing our online registration today. Keep the original sales receipt, or a photocopy, in a safe place.
Go to garmin.com/express .
1
Sign in to your Garmin® account.
2

Installation Preparation

The autopilot system consists of multiple components. You should familiarize yourself with all of the component mounting and connection considerations before beginning installation. You must know how the components operate together in order to correctly plan the installation on your boat.
You can consult the layout diagrams (Power and Data Layout,
page 2) to help understand the mounting and connection
considerations. You should lay out all of the components on the boat as you
plan the installation to make sure your cables will reach each component. If needed, extension cables (sold separately) for various components are available from your Garmin dealer or from www.garmin.com.
You should record the serial number of each component for registration and warranty purposes.

Tools Needed

• Safety glasses
• Drill and drill bits
• Wrenches
• 90 mm (3.5 in.) hole saw or a rotary cutting tool (for installing an optional helm control)
• Wire cutters/strippers
• Phillips and flat screwdrivers
• Cable ties
• Single Pole Single Throw (SPST) switch (to use as an autopilot bypass when not installing the Shadow Drive valve)
• Waterproof wire connectors (wire nuts) or heat-shrink tubing and a heat gun
• Marine sealant
• Marine corrosion inhibitor spray
• Portable or handheld compass (to test for magnetic interference)
• Hydraulic hose with machine-crimped or field-replaceable fittings that have a minimum rating of 1000 psi
• Hydraulic T-fittings
• Hydraulic fluid
• Thread sealant
• Hydraulic bleeding equipment
NOTE: Mounting screws are provided for the main components of the autopilot system. If the provided screws are not appropriate for the mounting surface, you must provide the correct types of screws.
™

Mounting and Connection Considerations

The autopilot components connect to each other and to power using the included cables. Ensure that the correct cables reach each component and that each component is in an acceptable location before mounting or wiring any components.

CCU Mounting and Connection Considerations

• The CCU is the primary sensor of the Reactor 40 Compact Hydraulic autopilot system. For best performance, observe these considerations when selecting a mounting location.
◦ A handheld compass should be used to test for magnetic
interference in the area where the CCU is to be mounted(Testing a Location for Magnetic Interference,
page 2).
◦ The CCU should be mounted on a rigid surface for best
performance.
• Mounting screws are provided with the CCU. If you use mounting hardware other than the provided screws, the hardware must be quality stainless or brass material to avoid magnetic interference with the CCU.
Test any mounting hardware with a handheld compass to make sure no magnetic fields are present in the hardware.
• The CCU cable connects the CCU to the ECU and is 5 m (16 ft.) long.
◦ If the CCU cannot be mounted within 5 m (16 ft.) of the
ECU, extension cables are available from your local Garmin dealer or at www.garmin.com.
◦ This cable must not be cut.
Finding the Best Mounting Location
Create a list of all suitable mounting locations for the CCU.
1
Suitable mounting locations should not be within 60 cm (2 ft.) of the following:
• Iron
• Magnets
• High-current wires
• Intermittently-running pumps, such as head pumps and
live well pumps
A large magnet, such as a subwoofer-speaker magnet, should be no closer than 1.5 m (5 ft.) to any of the mounting locations.
October 2017
190-02316-02_0A
Locate the center of rotation of the boat, and measure the
2
distance between the center of rotation and each of the suitable mounting locations you listed in step 1.
Select the location closest to the center of rotation.
3
If more than one location is approximately the same distance from the center of rotation, you should select the location that best meets these considerations.
• The best location is closest to the centerline of the boat.
• The best location is lower in the boat.
• The best location is slightly forward in the boat.
Testing a Location for Magnetic Interference
You can use a handheld compass to test a mounting location for magnetic interference.
Hold a handheld compass in the CCU mounting location.
1
Move the compass six inches to the left of the location, then
2
six inches to the right, observe the needle, and select an action:
• If the compass needle moves more than three degrees during this step, magnetic interference is present. Select a new mounting location and repeat the test.
• If the compass needle does not move, or moves less than three degrees, proceed to the next step.
Repeat this process while moving the compass above and
3
below the mounting location. Repeat this process while moving the compass in front of and
4
behind the mounting location.

ECU Mounting and Connection Considerations

• The ECU can be mounted on a flat surface, facing any direction.
• Mounting screws are included with the ECU, but you may need to provide different screws if the supplied screws are not suitable for the mounting surface.
• The ECU must be mounted within 0.5 m (19 in.) of the pump. ◦ The cables connecting the ECU to the pump cannot be
extended.
• The ECU must be mounted in a location where it will not be submerged or exposed to wash down.
• The ECU power cable connects to the boat battery, and it can be extended if needed (Power Cable Extensions,
page 5).

Pump Mounting Considerations

Consult the hydraulic-layout diagrams in these instructions to help determine the pump-installation location (Hydraulic
Layouts, page 4).
• The pump must be mounted at a location to which you can extend the hydraulic steering lines of the boat.
• The pump should be mounted horizontally if possible.
• If the pump must be mounted vertically, with the hydraulic connections facing upward.

Shadow Drive Mounting Considerations

NOTE: The Shadow Drive is a sensor you install in the hydraulic steering lines of your boat. It detects when you manually take control of the helm and suspends autopilot control of the boat.
NOTE: If your autopilot package does not include a Shadow Drive, you should install a manual switch to disable the autopilot if needed.
• The Shadow Drive must be mounted horizontally and as level as possible, with cable ties firmly securing it in place.
• The Shadow Drive must be mounted at least 305 mm (12 in.) away from magnetic materials or devices, such as speakers or electric motors.
• The Shadow Drive should be mounted closer to the helm than to the pump.
• The Shadow Drive should be mounted lower than the lowest helm, but higher than the pump.
• The Shadow Drive must not be connected directly to the fitting at the back of the helm. There must be a length of hose between the fitting at the helm and the Shadow Drive.
• The Shadow Drive must not be connected directly to a hydraulic T-connector in the hydraulic line. There must be a length of hose between a T-connector and the Shadow Drive.
• In a single-helm installation, there must not be a T-connector between the helm and the Shadow Drive.
• In a dual-helm installation, the Shadow Drive should be installed between the pump and the hydraulic T-connector that leads to the upper and lower helm, closer to the T­connector than to the pump.
• The Shadow Drive must be installed in either the starboard steering line or the port steering line.
The Shadow Drive must not be installed in either the return line or the high-pressure line, if applicable.

Autopilot Switch Mounting and Connection Considerations

If your autopilot package does not include a Shadow Drive valve, you should install a manual Single Pole Single Throw (SPST) switch (not included) to disable the autopilot if necessary.
The switch should be installed near the primary helm, so it is easily accessible when operating the boat.
The switch should be connected to the same wires that connect a Shadow Drive valve.
If needed, the wires can be extended with 28 AWG (0.08 mm2) wire.

Alarm Mounting and Connection Considerations

• The alarm should be mounted near the primary helm station.
• The alarm can be mounted under the dashboard.
• If needed, the alarm wires can be extended with 28 AWG (0.08 mm2) wire.
NMEA 2000® Connection Considerations
• The CCU and the helm control must connect to a NMEA 2000 network.
• If your boat does not already have a NMEA 2000 network, one can be built using the included NMEA 2000 cables and connectors (Building a Basic NMEA 2000 Network for the
Autopilot System, page 7).
• To use the advanced features of the autopilot, optional NMEA 2000 devices, such as a wind sensor, a water-speed sensor, or a GPS device, can be connected to the NMEA 2000 network.

Power and Data Layout

WARNING
When connecting the power cable, do not remove the in-line fuse holder. To prevent the possibility of injury or product damage caused by fire or overheating, the appropriate fuse must be in place as indicated in the product specifications. In addition, connecting the power cable without the appropriate fuse in place voids the product warranty.
2
Item Description Important Considerations
Helm control
À
(or compatible Garmin chartplotter)
Helm control
Á
data cable
NMEA 2000
Â
power cable
NMEA 2000
Ã
network
ECU The ECU must be located within 0.5 m (19 in.) of
Ä
CCU You can mount the CCU in a non-submerged
Å
ECU power
Æ
cable
A dedicated helm control is not included in all autopilot packages. If you install the autopilot without a dedicated helm control, the autopilot CCU must be connected to the same NMEA 2000 network as a compatible Garmin chartplotter to configure and control the autopilot system.
You should install this cable only if you are connecting the autopilot to optional NMEA® 0183 devices, such as a wind sensor, a water-speed sensor, or a GPS device (NMEA 0183
Connection Considerations, page 8).
You should install this cable only if you are building a NMEA 2000 network. Do not install this cable if there is an existing NMEA 2000 network on your boat.
You must connect the NMEA 2000 power cable to a 9 to 16 Vdc power source.
You must connect the helm control or compatible Garmin chartplotter and the CCU to a NMEA 2000 network using the included T­connectors (NMEA 2000® Connection
Considerations, page 2).
If there is not an existing NMEA 2000 network on your boat, you can build one using the supplied cables and connectors (Building a
Basic NMEA 2000 Network for the Autopilot System, page 7).
the pump. The cables connecting the ECU to the pump
cannot be extended.
location near the center of the boat, in any orientation (CCU Mounting and Connection
Considerations, page 1).
Mount the CCU away from sources of magnetic interference.
You must connect the ECU to a 12 to 24 Vdc power source. To extend this cable, use the correct wire gauge (Power Cable Extensions,
page 5).
Item Description Important Considerations
CCU cable To extend this cable to reach the ECU, you may
Ç
Pump The pump must be located within 0.5 m (19 in.)
È
Alarm The alarm provides audible alerts from the
É
Shadow Drive valve (optional)
Autopilot switch (not included)
need to use cable extensions (sold separately) (CCU Mounting and Connection Considerations,
page 1).
You must connect this cable to the alarm and the Shadow Drive valve.
of the ECU. The cables connecting the pump to the ECU
cannot be extended.
autopilot system, and you should install it near the primary helm station (Installing the Alarm,
page 6).
You must install the Shadow Drive valve properly in the hydraulic steering line, and connect it to the CCU cable (Installing the
Shadow Drive Valve, page 6).
If your autopilot package does not include a Shadow Drive valve, you should install a manual Single Pole Single Throw (SPST) switch (not included) to disable the autopilot if necessary.

Component Layout

Single-Helm Layout

NOTE: This diagram is for planning purposes only. If needed, specific connection diagrams are included in the detailed installation instructions for each component.
Hydraulic connections are not shown in this diagram.
Item Description Important Considerations
Helm control A dedicated helm control is not included in all
À
Á Â Ã
Pump
ECU
12 to 24 Vdc battery
autopilot packages. If you install the autopilot without a dedicated helm control, the autopilot CCU must be connected to the same NMEA 2000 network as a compatible Garmin chartplotter to configure and control the autopilot system.
You must connect the ECU to a 12 to 24 Vdc power source. To extend this cable, use the correct wire gauge (Power Cable Extensions,
page 5).
You must connect the NMEA 2000 power cable to a 9 to 16 Vdc power source.
3
Item Description Important Considerations
CCU You can mount the CCU in a non-submerged
Ä
Å
NMEA 2000 network
location near the center of the boat, in any orientation (CCU Mounting and Connection
Considerations, page 1).
Mount the CCU away from sources of magnetic interference.
You must connect the helm control or compatible Garmin chartplotter and the CCU to a NMEA 2000 network using the included T-connectors (NMEA 2000® Connection Considerations,
page 2).
If there is not an existing NMEA 2000 network on your boat, you can build one using the supplied cables and connectors (Building a Basic NMEA
2000 Network for the Autopilot System, page 7).

Dual-Helm Layout Guidelines

Hydraulic Layouts

NOTICE
If the steering system in your boat does not match any of the hydraulic layouts in this manual and you are unsure how to install the pump, contact Garmin Product Support.
Before you start the pump installation, identify the type of hydraulic steering system in your boat. Each boat is different, and you must consider certain aspects of the existing hydraulic layout before deciding where to mount the pump.

Important Considerations

• The three hydraulic ports on the pump are 1/4 in. NPT.
• Garmin recommends using T-connectors to connect the hydraulic lines to the pump.
• To allow for easy pump disabling and removal, Garmin recommends installing shut-off valves in the hydraulic lines between the pump manifold and T-connectors.
• Teflon® tape must not be used on any hydraulic fitting.
• An appropriate thread sealant should be used on all pipe threads in the hydraulic system.

Single-Helm Layout

NOTE: This diagram is for planning purposes only. If needed, specific connection diagrams are included in the detailed installation instructions for each component.
Hydraulic connections are not shown in this diagram.
Item Description Important Considerations
Helm control A dedicated helm control is not included in all
À
12 to 24 Vdc
Á
battery
Pump
Â
ECU
Ã
NMEA 2000
Ä
network
CCU You can mount the CCU in a non-submerged
Å
autopilot packages. If you install the autopilot without a dedicated helm control, the autopilot CCU must be connected to the same NMEA 2000 network as a compatible Garmin chartplotter to configure and control the autopilot system.
You must connect the ECU to a 12 to 24 Vdc power source. To extend this cable, use the correct wire gauge (Power Cable Extensions,
page 5).
You must connect the NMEA 2000 power cable to a 9 to 16 Vdc power source.
You must connect the helm control or compatible Garmin chartplotter and the CCU to a NMEA 2000 network using the included T-connectors (NMEA 2000® Connection Considerations,
page 2).
If there is not an existing NMEA 2000 network on your boat, you can build one using the supplied cables and connectors (Building a Basic NMEA
2000 Network for the Autopilot System, page 7).
location near the center of the boat, in any orientation (CCU Mounting and Connection
Considerations, page 1).
Mount the CCU away from sources of magnetic interference.
À Á Â Ã Ä Å Æ Ç
Shadow Drive valve
Starboard line
Return line
Pump
Port line
Shut-off valves
Helm
Steering cylinder

Dual-Helm Layout

À Á
4
Return line
Shadow Drive valve
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