Garmin GNS 430W, GPS 400W, GNC 420W Quick Reference Guide, GI 275

400W Series

Quick
Reference

190-00356-01 Rev K

© 2006-2016 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries

This manual reflects the operation of Main System Software version 2.00, 3.00, 4.00, 5.00, 5.10, 5.30, or later. Some differences in operation may be observed
when comparing the information in this manual to earlier or later software version.

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content without obligation to notify any person or organization of such changes or improvements. Visit the Garmin Web site (www.garmin.com or

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Garmin®, GPSMAP®, AutoLocate®, TracBack®, Apollo, SafeTaxi®, FliteChart®, and MapSource® are registered trademarks of Garmin Ltd. or its sub­sidiaries and may not be used without the express permission of Garmin. NavData® is a trademark of Jeppesen, Inc.; XM® is a registered trademark of XM
Satellite Radio, Inc.

January 2016 Part Number 190-00356-01 Rev K Printed in the USA

) for current updates and supplemental information concerning the use and operation of this and other Garmin products.

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Graphic Moving

Comm Freq

Flip/Flop

Power and Comm

Volume/Squelch

Photocell for

Auto-Dimming

Nav Freq

Window

Comm Freq

Window

Map Display and

Navigation Info

Range Keys

Direct-To Key

Menu Key

Terrain Database Card

Aviation Database Card

Nav Radio

Volume

Nav Radio Freq Flip/Flop

Large Knob

Comm/VLOC

Freq (MHz)

Small Knob

Comm/VLOC

Freq (kHz)

Terrain, Flight

Phase, and

GPS Integrity

Annunciator

Cam
Lock

Navigation

Source: GPS,

VLOC, or
GPS-PTK

CDI
Key

OBS
Key

Message

Key

Clear Key

Enter Key

Waypoint and

arrival alerts, turn

advisories, function,

and page number

Large Knob

Small Knob

(Cursor - Press to

activate)

Procedure Key

Flight Plan

Key

WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, and NOTES

WARNING: VNAV is to be used for advisory purposes only.
VNAV messages or vertical speed required should not be
used to maintain terrain or ATC clearances. Terrain and ATC
clearances are the sole responsibility of the pilot.

WARNING: The altitude calculated by the 400W-series
is geometric height above mean sea level and could vary
significantly from altitude displayed by pressure altimeters in
aircraft.

WARNING: The Jeppesen database incorporated in the
400W-series must be updated regularly in order to ensure
that its information is current. Updates are released every
28 days. A database information packet is included in your
400W-series package. Pilots using an out-of-date database
do so entirely at their own risk!

WARNING: Do not use data link weather information for
maneuvering in, near, or around areas of hazardous weather.
Information contained within data link weather products may
not accurately depict current weather conditions.

WARNING: Do not use the indicated data link weather
product age to determine the age of the weather information
shown by the data link weather product. Due to time delays
inherent in gathering and processing weather data for data
link transmission, the weather information shown by the
data link weather product may be significantly older than the
indicated weather product age.

CAUTION: GPS receivers operate by receiving and decod­ing very low power radio signals broadcast by satellites. It
is possible that in some situations other radio equipment
or electronic equipment used in close proximity to a GPS
receiver may create electromagnetic interference (EMI) which
may affect the ability of the GPS receiver to receive and
decode the satellite signals. In such event, the interference
may be reduced or eliminated by switching off the source of
interference or moving the GPS receiver away from it.

CAUTION: The Global Positioning System is operated by the
United States government, which is solely responsible for its
accuracy and maintenance. The system is subject to changes
which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS
equipment. Although the Garmin 400W-series are precision
electronic NAVigation AIDs (NAVAID), any NAVAID can be
misused or misinterpreted and therefore become unsafe.

CAUTION: Use the
risk of unsafe operation, carefully review and understand all
aspects of this Owner’s Manual and the Flight Manual Supple­ment, and thoroughly practice basic operation prior to actual

400W-series

at your own risk. To reduce the

use. When in actual use, carefully compare indications from the
400W-series
information from other NAVAIDS, visual sightings, charts, etc.
For safety, always resolve any discrepancies before continuing
navigation.

CAUTION: The electronic chart is an aid to navigation and
is designed to facilitate the use of authorized government
charts, not replace them. Land and water data is provided
only as a general reference to your surroundings. The posi­tional accuracy of the land and water data is not of a preci­sion suitable for use in navigation and it should not be used
for navigation. Only official government charts and notices
contain all information needed for safe navigation – and, as
always, the user is responsible for their prudent use.

CAUTION: The Terrain feature is for supplemental awareness
only. The pilot/crew is responsible for all terrain and obstacle
avoidance using information not provided by the 400W-series
Terrain feature.

CAUTION: The Garmin 400W-series does not contain any
user-serviceable parts. Repairs should only be made by an
authorized Garmin service center. Unauthorized repairs or
modifications could void your warranty and authority to
operate this device under FCC Part 15 regulations.

NOTE: The GNS 400W-series units use a different database
than in the legacy units. The databases are incompatible
between units. The GNS 400W-series units must use a WAAS
enabled database.

NOTE: This product, its packaging, and its components
contain chemicals known to the State of California to cause
cancer, birth defects, or reproductive harm. This notice is be­ing provided in accordance with California’s Proposition 65. If
you have any questions or would like additional information,
please refer to our website at www.garmin.com/prop65.

NOTE: It is the pilot’s responsibility for initial missed ap­proach guidance in accordance with published procedure. The
unit may not provide correct guidance until established on a
defined leg.

NOTE: GPS level of service annunciations (LPV, ENR, etc.)
are not applicable to the external CDI (or HSI) when VLOC is
active.

to all available navigation sources, including the

190-00356-01 Rev K

1

MODEL DESCRIPTIONS

Model Descriptions

This guide covers the operation of the GPS 400W, GNC

The GDL 69A can also allow you to subscribe to XM audio

services.
420W, GNC 420AW, GNS 430W, and GNS 430AW. In
general, all models will be referred to as the 400W-series,
except where there are physical or operational differences.
The 400W-series units are 6.25” wide and 2.66” high. The
display is a 240-by-128 pixel color LCD. The units include
two removable data cards: one with a Jeppesen database
(inserted in the left-most card slot) and the second is a Ter­rain database (inserted in the right-most card slot).

GPS 400W

The GPS 400W is a GPS-only unit with a WAAS GPS
engine and is TSO C146a certified for en route, terminal,
precision, and non-precision approaches. The GPS 400W
can simultaneously give aviators vital approach information
and weather and traffic data in relation to their position
on a color moving map display. Thanks to a high-contrast
color display, the information can be easily read from wide
viewing angles even in direct sunlight. Its color moving
map features a built-in database that shows cities, high­ways, railroads, rivers, lakes, coastlines, and a complete

GNC 420W and GNC 420AW

The GNC 420W and GNC 420AW include all of the
features of the GPS 400W, and also include an IFR certified
airborne VHF communications transceiver. This multipur­pose unit is available with either a 10-watt (GNS 420W)
or 16-watt (GNS 420AW) Com transmitter. Since the only
difference between these two units is the power of the
communications transmitter, references to the GNC 420W
will also include the GNC 420 AW.

Jeppesen aviation database. The Jeppesen aviation database
(can be updated with a front-loading data card) contains
all airports, VORs, NDBs, Intersections, FSS, Approach,
DPs/STARs, and SUA information. The obstacle and terrain
databases provide an aid to navigation to help you work
with approved navigation charts.

Pilots will enjoy the GPS 400W as a multi-function
display (MFD), especially when it is coupled with traf­fic, lightning detection, and weather interfaces like Ryan
TCAD, TIS from the Garmin GTX 3xx transponders, L3
SKYWATCH™, or STORMSCOPE® WX 500. With the
FDE prediction program included with the Trainer CD, the
GPS 400W may be used for oceanic or remote operations.
For the latest in graphical and textual weather information,
the GPS 400W can connect to XM Satellite Radio’s XM
WX Weather Service via the GDL 69/69A datalink receiver.

2

190-00356-01 Rev K

GNS 430W and GNS 430AW

The GNS 430W and GNS 430AW include all of the
features of the GPS 420W/420AW, and also include IFR
certified airborne VOR/Localizer and Glideslope receivers.
This multipurpose unit is available with either a 10-watt
(GNS 430W) or 16-watt (GNS 430AW) Com transmitter.
Since the only difference between these two units is the
power of the communications transmitter, references to the
GNS 430W will also include the GNS 430 AW.

Helicopter Installations

In Helicopter installations, the ownship icon is set to
a helicopter. When present, HTAWS will be used instead
of TAWS. See the Garmin Optional Displays Pilot’s Guide
Addendum P/N 190-00356-30 Rev G, or later, for HTAWS
information.

GPS 400W

GNC 420W

GNC 420AW

GNS 430W

GNS 430AW

KEYS AND KNOBS

Left-hand Keys and Knobs

In the GNC 420W and the GNS 430W, the

k

j

y

v

COM power/volume knob controls unit
power and communications radio volume.
Press the knob momentarily to enable/disable
automatic squelch control.

In the GNS 430W, the VLOC volume knob

controls audio volume for the selected VOR/
Localizer frequency. Press momentarily to
enable/disable the ident tone.

In the GNC 420W and GNS 430W, the large

left knob is used to tune the megahertz
(MHz) value of the standby frequency for
the COM transceiver or the VLOC receiver,
whichever is currently selected by the tuning
cursor.

In the GNC 420W and GNS 430W, the small

left knob is used to tune the kilohertz (kHz)
value of the standby frequency for the COM
transceiver or the VLOC receiver, whichever
is currently selected by the tuning cursor.
Press this knob momentarily to toggle the
tuning cursor between the COM and VLOC
windows.

COM power/

volume

VLOC volume

Small left knob

COM flip-flop

VLOC flip-flop

Large left knob

In the GNC 420W and GNS 430W, the COM

W

V

flip-flop key is used to swap the active and
standby COM frequencies. Press and hold to
select emergency channel (121.500 MHz).

In the GNS 430W, the VLOC flip-flop key

is used to swap the active and standby VLOC
frequencies (i.e., make the selected standby
frequency active).

190-00356-01 Rev K

3

KEYS AND KNOBS

Right-hand Keys and Knobs

R

D

m

c

E

The range key (RNG) allows you to select

the desired map scale. Press the up arrow side
of the key to zoom out or the down arrow
side to zoom in.

The direct-to key allows you to enter a

destination waypoint and establishes a direct
course to the selected destination.

The menu key (MENU) displays a context-

sensitive options list. The options list allows
you to make settings changes that relate to
the currently displayed page.

The clear key (CLR) is used to erase infor-

mation or cancel an entry. Press and hold this
key to immediately display the Default NAV
Page.

The enter key (ENT) is used to approve an

operation or complete data entry. It is also
used to confirm information, such as during
power on.

Range (map scale)

Direct-To

Clear

Large right knob

Menu

Enter

Small right knob

t

r

4

The large right knob is used to select

between the various page groups: NAV, WPT,
AUX or NRST. With the on-screen cursor
enabled, the large right knob allows you to
move the cursor about the page.

The small right knob is used to select

between the various pages within one of the
groups listed above. Press this knob momen­tarily to display the on-screen cursor. The
cursor allows you to enter data and/or make a
selection from a list of options.

190-00356-01 Rev K

KEYS

Bottom Row Keys

GPS 400W

GNC 420W

GNS 430W

N

C

O

As a Suspend (SUSP) key, it is used to

The nearest (NRST) key (GPS 400W

and GNC 420W only) displays the nearest
airports page. Then, turning the small right
knob steps through the NRST pages.

In the GNS 430W, the CDI key is used to

toggle which navigation source (GPS or
VLOC) provides output to an external HSI or
CDI.

The omni-bearing selector (OBS) key
is used for two functions: to activate OBS
selection and as a suspend key.

select manual or automatic sequencing of
waypoints. Pressing this key selects SUSP
mode, which retains the current “active to”
waypoint as your navigation reference even
after passing the waypoint (i.e., prevents
sequencing to the next waypoint). Press­ing the OBS key again returns to normal
operation, with automatic sequencing of
waypoints.

F

P

The flight plan (FPL) key allows you to

create, edit, activate and invert flight plans,
as well as access approaches, departures and
arrivals. A closest-point-to-flight-plan feature
is also available from the flight plan key.

The procedures (PROC) key allows you

to select approaches, departures and arriv­als from your active flight plan. When using
a flight plan, available procedures for your
departure and/or arrival airport are offered
automatically. Otherwise, you may select the
desired airport, then the desired procedure.

Whenever OBS mode is selected, you may

set the desired course to/from a waypoint
using the OBS Page, or an external OBS
selector on your HSI or CDI.

M

The message (MSG) key is used to view
system messages, important warnings, and
requirements.

190-00356-01 Rev K

5

POWER ON

Powering on the Unit

1. Turn the COM power/volume knob clockwise to
turn the unit on and set the desired radio volume.

2. The Main and GPS software version page appears
briefly, followed by land and terrain database pages,
as the unit conducts self-tests to ensure proper
operation.

3. Once the self-test concludes, database confirma­tion pages are displayed, showing the effective and
expiration dates of the databases on the NavData®
card. Press the ENT key to acknowledge the last
database page and proceed to the instrument panel
self-test page. There may be more self-test screens
depending on optional equipment installed in your
aircraft.

4. The instrument panel self-test page allows you
to verify that the unit is communicating properly
with in-panel instruments. Compare on-screen
indications with the information depicted on
connected instruments, such as the CDI, HSI, RMI
and/or external annunciators. Once you have veri­fied proper operation, turn the large right knob
to select "Set Full Fuel?", "Go To Checklist", or
"OK?" (to display the Satellite Status Page), and
then press the ENT key.

5. When the GPS receiver has acquired a sufficient
number of satellites to determine a position, the
Map Page will automatically appear showing your
present position.

6

Power-up Sequence

190-00356-01 Rev K

SCREEN LAYOUT/CURSORS/FREQ SELECTION/DATA ENTRY

Screen Layout (windows)

Active Frequency on top & Standby on bottom

(active window highlighted by cursor)

COM

Window

{

VLOC

Window

{

The 400W-series display is divided into four separate
“windows” (or screen areas). The top left 1/4 of the display
provides a COM window (top two lines) and a VLOC
window (bottom two lines) The three lines at the bottom
left of the display are used for terrain, flight phase, and
GPS integrity annunciators. The right 3/4 of the display
consists of a GPS window, which is where you’ll find the
various navigation, waypoint information and settings
“pages.”

Each unique screen of information is referred to as
a page. Pages are typically selected using the small and
large right knobs—with the cursor removed from the
GPS window. See the following page for details on arrange­ment of the 400W-series main pages.

Cursors

There are two separate cursors: a tuning cursor and a
GPS window cursor. The tuning cursor is used to select
the standby COM or VLOC frequency. If desired, press the
small left knob to move the tuning cursor to the VLOC
window. Then, use the small and large left knobs to
select the desired frequency. The COM and VLOC flip-
flop keys are used to swap the active and standby frequen­cies. Push in on small right knob and then turn the large
right knob to move the GPS window cursor around the
page.

GPS

Window

{

Frequency Selection

To Quickly Tune and Activate the 121.500 Emergency
Channel (GNS 430W and GNC 420W only)

Data Entry

window using the large and
small right knobs. The large
right knob is used to move

the cursor between fields. The
small right knob is used to
select individual characters at the highlighted cursor loca­tion.

1. If the tuning cursor is not currently in
the desired window (COM or VLOC),
press the small left knob momentarily
to switch the highlight between the
COM and VLOC windows. Adjusting the
frequencies with the large and small
left knobs will affect the standby fre­quency.

2. Turn the large left knob to select
the desired megahertz (MHz) value.
For example, the “117” portion of the
frequency “117.80”.

3. Turn the small left knob to select the
desired kilohertz (kHz) value. For exam­ple, the “.80” portion of the frequency
“117.80”.

4. To activate the selected frequency, press the
appropriate flip-flop key to swap the COM or
VLOC frequency from the standby into the active
window.

1. Press and hold the COM flip/flop key for approxi­mately two seconds.

Data is entered in the GPS

190-00356-01 Rev K

7

PAGE SELECTION

NAV Group

(Small right knob to select pages within the group)

Default NAV

Map

WPT Group

Airport Location

NDB VOR User Waypoint

Airport Runway Airport Frequency

AUX Group

Flight Planning

Utility Setup 1 Setup 2

Terrain

NAVCOM

Airport Approach

Position

Five, or more, NAV pages are available when the unit’s
installation includes connection to traffic and/or weather
information sources.

Airport Arrival Airport Departure

Selection of any main page is performed using the large
and small right knobs. When the GPS window cursor is
off, the large right knob selects the page group: NAV, WPT,
AUX or NRST. The small right knob selects the desired page
within a group. To quickly select the Default NAV Page, press
and hold the CLR key.

Satellite Status VNAV

Intersection

(Large right knob to change page groups)

NRST Group

Nearest Airport

Nearest Airspace

8

Nearest Intersection

Nearest NDB Nearest VOR

FPL Group

Active Flight Plan Flight Plan Catalog

Flight plan pages are selected by pressing the
FPL key and using the small right knob to
select the desired page.

Nearest User Wpt

190-00356-01 Rev K

Nearest Center

Nearest FSS

PROC

Procedures

The Procedures pages are selected by pressing
the PROC key and using the small or large
right knobs to select a procedure.

DEFAULT NAV PAGE / ANNUNCIATORS

Default NAV Page

Course

Deviation

Indicator (CDI)

Active Leg of

Flight Plan

TO/FROM

Flag

User-selectable

Data Fields

The following symbols are used (directly below the

CDI) to depict the active leg of a flight plan or direct-to:

Course to a Waypoint, or Desired Course between Two Waypoints

Direct-To a Waypoint Vectors-To-Final

Left-hand Holding Pattern Right Procedure Turn

Right-hand Holding Pattern Left Procedure Turn

DME Arc to the left DME Arc to the right

To Quickly Display the Default NAV Page

1. From any page, press and hold the CLR key for
approximately two seconds.

To Select a Different Data Item for any Data Field

1. With the default NAV page displayed, press the
MENU key to display an options menu.

2. Turn the large right
knob to highlight the
“Change Fields?” option,
and press the ENT key to
select this option.

3. Use the large right knob
to highlight the data field
you wish to change.

4. Turn the small right
knob to display the list
of available data items.
Continue turning the
small right knob to
select the desired data
item from the list.

5. Press the ENT key to select the desired data item
and return to the default NAV page.

Bottom Row Annunciators and Messages

Terrain annunciations:

Ter Test, Ter N/A, Terrain, Ter INHB,

and TER Fail

CDI/RAIM Mode: Approach (LNAV,
LNAV+V, L/VNAV, or LPV ), Oceanic
(OCN), Terminal (TERM), En Route
(ENR) or “0.30” (if the CDI is manu­ally set to "0.30" and not flying an ap­proach). Annunciations not applicable
to the external CDI when VLOC is
active.

GPS Integrity Failure

Navigation Source:

GPS, VLOC, or GPS-PTK

6. Press the small right knob to remove the cursor

OBS Mode: Suspend

(SUSP), OBS or blank (for

auto-sequencing)

190-00356-01 Rev K

from the page.

Message Annunciator: Flashing (new mes-

sage), On, or blank (no message)

Page Annunciator (NAV/WPT/AUX/
NRST/FPL/VNAV/PROC), Waypoint
Alert (“NEXT DTK”), Turn Advisory

(“LT TO xxxº”), etc.

9

MAP PAGE

Map Page

Map Display

Map Scale

User-selectable

Data Fields

Present

Position

2. Press the CLR key as needed to select the desired

To Turn the Data Fields
On/Off on the Right
Side of the Map

1. With the map

The follow- ing symbols are
used to depict the various airports and navaids on the map
page:

Airport with hard surface runway(s); Primary runway shown

Airport with soft surface runway(s) only

Private Airfield Intersection

VOR VORTAC

VOR/DME TACAN

2. Turn the large right knob to highlight

3. To re-display the data fields, follow steps 1 and

To Select a Different Data Item for any Data Field:

1. With the map page displayed, press the MENU key

DME NDB

Localizer Locator Outer Marker

Heliport

2. Turn the large right knob to highlight “Change

3. Use the large right knob to highlight the data

To Select a Map Scale

1. Press the up arrow on the RNG key to zoom out
to a larger map area.

4. Turn the small right knob to display the list of

2. Press the down arrow
on the RNG key to
zoom in to a smaller
map area with more

5. Press the ENT key to select the desired data item

detail.

6. Press the small right knob momentarily to remove

To Quickly Declutter the Map Display

The 400W series supports four levels of map decluttering.

amount of map detail.

page displayed,
press MENU to
display an options menu.

“Data Fields Off?” and press the ENT key.

2, but instead select “Data Fields On?” from the
options menu.

to display an options menu.

Fields?” and then press ENT.

field you wish to change.

available data items. Continue turning the small
right knob to select the desired data item from
the list.

and return to the map page.

the cursor from the page.

1. Press the CLR key momentarily to change the
amount of map detail. The declutter level will
appear adjacent to the map scale.

10

190-00356-01 Rev K

NAVCOM PAGE / TERRAIN PAGE

NAVCOM Page

The NAVCOM page provides a list of the airport com-
munication and navigation frequencies at your departure, en
route and arrival airports.

Departure, En Route

Frequency

Category

Usage

Restriction

Information

To Select a Frequency List for a Departure, En Route,
or Arrival Airport

or Arrival Airport

Assigned

Frequency

Scroll Bar

1. Press the small right knob to activate the
cursor.

2. Turn the large right knob to place the cursor on
the airport identifier field (top line on the NAVCOM
page).

3. Turn the small right knob to select the desired
airport and press ENT.

To Scroll Through the List of Frequencies

1. Activate the cursor, if not already active, by pressing
the small right knob.

2. Turn the large right knob to move the cursor
through the list of frequencies. If there are more
frequencies in the list than can be displayed on
the screen, a scroll bar along the right-hand side

of the screen will indicate which part of the list is
currently being displayed.

Auto-Tuning a Frequency from the NAVCOM Page

1. Highlight the desired frequency by scrolling through
the list of frequencies, as described in the previous
procedure.

2. To place a frequency in the standby field of the COM
or VLOC window, highlight the desired frequency
and press the ENT key.

Terrain Page

To display the TERRAIN Page, select the NAV group and
turn the small right knob until the TERRAIN Page is displayed.
The page displays terrain information, aircraft ground track, and
GPS-derived MSL altitude (GSL altitude). Altitude is shown in
increments of 20 feet or in increments of 10 meters, depending
on unit configuration.

For units with installed in helicopters or
equipped with optional HTAWS, refer to 400W/500W Series
Garmin Optional Displays, P/N 190-00356-30 Rev G, or later.

To inhibit TERRAIN:

1. Select the TERRAIN Page and press MENU. “Inhibit
Terrain?” is selected by default.

2. Press ENT. The TERRAIN system is inhibited. The

annunciation is displayed in the terrain

annunciator field whenever terrain is inhibited.

Unlighted Obstacle Lighted Obstacle Color TERRAIN/Obstacle

< 1000’ AGL > 1000’ AGL < 1000’ AGL > 1000’ AGL

Terrain/Obstacle above or

Red

Obstacle Symbol

Yellow

Terrain Color Symbology

190-00356-01 Rev K

within 100 ft below current
aircraft altitude

Terrain/Obstacle between
100 ft and 1000 ft below the
aircraft altitude

Location

11

AIRPORT INFORMATION

Viewing Airport Information

1. From any page, press and
hold CLR to select the
default NAV page. (You
may skip this step if you
are already viewing any
of the main GPS pages.)

2. Turn the large right knob to select the WPT page
group. “WPT” will appear in the lower right corner
of the screen.

3. Turn the small right knob to select the desired
WPT page. Airport information is displayed on the
first six WPT pages: airport location, airport runway,
airport frequency, airport approach, airport arrival
and airport departure.

4. Press the small right knob to activate the
cursor.

5. Use the small and large right knobs to enter the
identifier of the desired airport.

6. Once the identifier is entered, the information for
that airport will appear on the page. Press ENT to
accept the selected identifier.

7. To view the other airport information pages, press
the small right knob to remove the flashing cursor
and turn the small right knob to select the desired
page.

Viewing Airport Information by Facility Name or City

1. Select the airport location page.

2. Press the small right
knob to activate the
cursor.

3. Turn the large right
knob to highlight the
facility name (second line)
or the city (third line) field.

4. Use the small and large right knobs to enter
the facility name or city location of the desired
destination waypoint. As you spell the facility name
or city, the 400W series Spell’N’Find feature will
select the first entry in the database based upon
the characters you have entered up to that point.

5. Once the name is entered, the information for that
airport will appear on the page. Press ENT to accept
the selected identifier.

6. To view the other airport information pages, press the
small right knob to remove the flashing cursor and turn
the small right knob to select the desired page.

Auto-Tuning a Frequency from a List (420W/430W only)

The 400W-series auto-tune feature allows you to
quickly select any displayed database frequency as your
standby frequency. With a minimum of keystrokes, any
frequency listed on the airport frequency page can be
transferred to the standby field of the COM or VLOC
window. The Airport Frequency page in the GPS 500W
allows you to view frequency information and scroll
through the list by turning the large right knob.

1. Select the airport frequen­cies page from the WPT
page group.

2. Press the small right knob
to place the cursor on the
airport identifier field.

3. Use the small and large right knobs to enter the
identifier of the desired airport. Press ENT when fin­ished.

4. Turn the large right knob to highlight the desired
frequency.

5. Press ENT to place the highlighted frequency in the
standby COM or VLOC window field (as appropriate).

6. To activate the selected frequency, press the COM flip/
flop or VOR flip/flop key (as appropriate).

12

190-00356-01 Rev K

DIRECT-TO NAVIGATION

To Select a Direct-To Destination

1. Press the direct-to
key. A Select Direct-To
Waypoint page will
appear, with the way­point identifier field
highlighted.

2. Use the small and large right knobs to enter the
identifier of the desired destination waypoint.

3. Press ENT to confirm the selected waypoint. Press

ENT again to activate the direct-to function.

To Select a Direct-To Destination from the Map Page

1. Select the map page from the NAV page group.

2. Press the small right knob to display a panning
pointer.

3. Turn the small and large right knobs to place
the panning pointer at the desired destination
location.

4. If the panning pointer is placed on an existing air­port, navaid or user waypoint, the waypoint name
will be highlighted. Press direct-to and then ENT
twice to activate a direct-to leg to the waypoint.

5. If the panning pointer is placed on an open location
on the map page, press direct-to and then ENT
twice to create a "+MAP" waypoint and activate
a direct-to leg to it.

To Select a Direct-To Destination by Facility Name or
City

1. Press the direct-to key. The Select Direct-To
Waypoint page will appear, with the waypoint
identifier field highlighted.

2. Turn the large right
knob to highlight the
facility name (second
line) or the city (third line)
field.

3. Use the small and large right knobs to enter
the facility name or city location of the desired
destination waypoint. As you spell the facility name
or city, the 400W series Spell’N’Find feature will
select the first entry in the database based upon
the characters you have entered up to that point.

4. Continue turning the small right knob to scroll
through any additional database listings for the
selected facility name or city. You can also scroll
backwards with the small right knob if you scroll
past the desired waypoint.

5. Press ENT to confirm the selected waypoint, and

ENT to activate the direct-to function.

To Select a Nearby Airport or a Flight Plan Waypoint
as a Direct-To Destination

1. Press the direct-to key.

2. Turn the large right knob to highlight the nearest
airport (NRST) or flight plan (FPL) field.

3. Turn the small right knob to display a window

4. Continue turning the small right knob to

5. Press ENT to confirm the selected waypoint, and

190-00356-01 Rev K

listing nearby airports or all waypoints in the active
flight plan.

scroll through the list and highlight the desired
waypoint.

ENT to activate the direct-to function.

13

NEAREST AIRPORTS

To View a List of the Nearest Airports

1. From any page, press and hold the CLR key to select
the default NAV page. You may skip this step if you
are already viewing any of the main GPS pages.

2. Turn the large right
knob to select the NRST
page group. “NRST” will
appear in the lower right
corner of the screen.

3. If necessary, turn the small right knob to select
the nearest airport page.

To Scroll Through the List of Nearest Airports

1. Press the small right knob to activate the
cursor.

2. Turn the large right knob to scroll through the
list. The scroll bar along the right-hand side of the
page will indicate which part of the list is currently
being viewed.

3. To remove the flashing cursor, press the small
right knob.

knob to display the addi­tional WPT pages. When
finished, press the small
right knob to return the
flashing cursor to the
screen.

4. To return to the nearest airport page, verify that
“Done?” is highlighted by the flashing cursor and
press ENT (or press CLR).

To View Additional Information for a Nearby
Airport

1. Highlight the identifier of the desired airport by
scrolling through the list, as described in the pro­cedure above.

2. Press ENT to display the
airport location page for
the selected airport.

3. To view additional WPT pages for the selected
airport (including the airport runway and airport
frequency pages) press the small right knob to
remove the flashing cursor. Turn the small right

14

190-00356-01 Rev K

FLIGHT PLANS

To Create a New Flight Plan

1. Press the FPL key and
turn the small right
knob to display the flight
plan catalog.

2. Press the MENU key to display the flight plan
catalog options.

3. Turn the large right knob to highlight “Create
New Flight Plan?” and press the ENT key.

4. A blank flight plan page
will appear for the first
empty storage loca­tion. Use the small and
large right knobs to
enter the identifier of the
departure waypoint and press the ENT key.

5. Repeat step #4 above to enter the identifier for each
additional flight plan waypoint. Once all waypoints
have been entered, press the small right knob to
return to the flight plan catalog.

To Navigate a Flight Plan

1. Press the FPL key and turn the small right knob
to display the flight plan catalog.

To Stop Navigating a Flight Plan

1. Press the FPL key.

2. Press the MENU key to display the active flight
plan options.

3. Turn the large right
knob to highlight “Delete
Flight Plan?” and press
the ENT key. Press the
ENT key again to con­firm.

To Edit a Flight Plan

1. Press the FPL key and turn the small right knob
to display the Flight Plan Catalog.

2. Press the small right knob to activate the
cursor.

3. Turn the large right knob to highlight the desired
flight plan and press the ENT key.

4. To add a waypoint to the flight plan: Turn the large
right knob to select the point where you wish to
add the new waypoint. (If an existing waypoint
is highlighted, the new waypoint will be placed
directly in front of this waypoint.) Use the small
and large right knobs to enter the identifier of
the new waypoint and press the ENT key.

2. Press the small right knob to activate the cursor
and turn the large right knob to highlight the
desired flight plan.

3. Press the MENU key to display the flight plan
catalog options.

4. Turn the large right
knob to highlight “Acti­vate Flight Plan?” and
press the ENT

key.

190-00356-01 Rev K

5. To delete a waypoint from the flight plan: Turn
the large right knob to select the waypoint you
wish to delete and press the CLR key to display a
“remove waypoint” confirmation window. With
“Yes” highlighted, press the ENT key to remove
the waypoint.

6. Once all changes have been made, press the small
right knob to return to the flight plan catalog.

15

APPROACHES

Selecting Approaches

In order to select an approach, you must first
have an active direct-to or flight plan that termi­nates at an airport with a published approach.

1. Press the PROC key to display the procedures
page.

2. Turn the large right
knob to highlight “Select
Approach?” and press
the ENT key.

3. A window will appear
listing the available pro­cedures. Turn the large
right knob to highlight
the desired procedure
and press the ENT key.

4. A second window will
appear listing the avail­able transitions. Turn the
large right knob to high­light the desired transition
waypoint and press the
ENT key. The approach “Vectors” option assumes
you will receive vectors to the final course segment
of the approach and will provide navigation guid­ance relative to the final approach course.

5. Turn the large right knob to highlight “Load?”
or “Activate?” and press the ENT key. “Load?”
will add the procedure to the flight plan without
immediately using it for navigation guidance. This
allows you to continue navigating the original flight
plan, but keeps the procedure available on the
active flight plan page for quick activation when
needed. "Activate?" overrides the "en route" por­tion of the active flight plan, proceeding directly to
the "approach" portion.

6. For non-GPS approved approaches, a reminder
window will appear indi­cating that GPS guidance
on such approaches is
strictly for monitoring
only—use the VLOC
receiver and external CDI
(or HSI) for primary navigation. To confirm this
reminder, highlight “Yes?” and press the ENT
key.

Not all approaches in the database are approved for

GPS use. As you select an approach, a “
tion to the right of the procedure name indicates the
procedure can be flown using the GPS receiver. Some

procedures will not have this designation, meaning the GPS
receiver may be used for supplemental navigation guidance
only. If the GPS receiver cannot be used for primary guid­ance, you must use the appropriate receiver for the selected
approach (e.g., VOR or ADF). The final course segment of

ILS approaches, for example, must be flown by tuning
the VLOC receiver to the proper frequency and coupling
the VLOC receiver to the external CDI (or HSI).

G

P

” designa-

S

A selected approach may be activated or loaded. Activat­ing the approach overrides the “en route” portion of the
active flight plan, proceeding directly to the “approach”
portion (for a full approach, directly to the approach
transition). Activating the approach also initiates automatic
CDI scaling transitions as the approach progresses.

In many cases, it may be easiest to “Load” the full
approach while still some distance away, en route to the
destination airport. Later, if vectored to final, use the
following steps to select “Activating an Approach with Vec­tors-To-Final”—which makes the inbound course to the
FAF waypoint active. Otherwise, activate the full approach
using the “Activate Approach?” option.

16

190-00356-01 Rev K

APPROACHES

Activating an Approach

1. With an approach loaded
in the active flight plan,
press the PROC key to
display the procedures
page.

2. Turn the large right
knob to highlight “Activate Approach?”.

3. Press the ENT key.

Activating an Approach with Vectors-To-Final

The “Activate Vector-To-Final?” option allows you
to activate the final course segment of the approach.
This option assumes you will receive vectors to the final
approach course and guides you to intercept the final
course, before reaching the FAF.

1. With an approach loaded
in the active flight plan,
press the PROC key to
display the procedures
page.

2. Turn the large right
knob to highlight “Activate Vector-To-Final?”.

3. Press the ENT key.

Flying an Approach

Due to the variety of available approach procedures, the
specific steps required will vary according to the approach
selected. Keep the following general guidelines in mind
while flying the approach:

•

The 400W series is designed to complement your
printed approach plates and improve situational
awareness throughout the approach. However, you
must always fly an approach as it appears on the
approach plate.

•

You will typically select the destination airport as the
last waypoint in the active flight plan or by using the
direct-to key. Doing so ensures that the desired waypoint
will automatically appear when choosing the “Select
Approach?” option from the procedures page. Otherwise,
you must first choose the airport, then the approach
procedure.

• When a localizer-based approach (such as an ILS) is
loaded, the desired frequency is automatically placed in
standby on the VLOC window. To activate the frequency,
press the VLOC flip/flop key.

• If the VLOC receiver will be used for the approach, be
sure to switch the external CDI (or HSI) to “VLOC” by
pressing the CDI key. “VLOC” will appear directly above
the CDI key.

• An “Auto ILS CDI” setting provides automatic switching
to “VLOC” as you intercept the final approach course.
When the ILS approach is activated (and the correct
frequency is active in the VLOC window), the unit will
automatically switch within 1.2 nautical miles left or right
of the approach course. This switch can take place any­where from 2.0 to 15.0 nautical miles from the FAF. The
switch occurs gradually to prevent abrupt CDI changes.

This does not occur automatically when configured for the
King KAP140/KFC225 autopilots as Auto ILS CDI Selection
is not allowed.

• As you progress to each approach waypoint, a waypoint
alert message (“NEXT DTK ###°”) will appear in the
lower right corner of the display.

• When you should begin a course change (via a standard
rate turn), turn advisories (“TURN TO ###°”) will appear
in the lower right corner of the display.

• For GPS-based approaches, receiver autonomous integ­rity monitoring (RAIM) will monitor satellite conditions
and alert you—using an “INTEG” at the bottom left
corner of the display — if protection limits cannot be

190-00356-01 Rev K

17

APPROACHES

maintained. If this occurs, the GPS receiver should not
be used for primary navigation guidance. Revert to an
alternate navigation source, or select an alternate des­tination airport. LP, LP +V, LPV, LNAV+V, and L/VNAV
approaches will downgrade to LNAV if GPS integrity
cannot be met. There is no need to switch to guidance
by other navigation equipment unless GPS LNAV is
insufficient or integrity degrades further.

• Within 31 nautical miles of the destination airport, CDI
scaling will transition from 2.0 NM (en route mode, or

Flying the Missed Approach

1. After crossing the Missed Approach Point, press

“ENR”) to 1.0 nautical mile (terminal mode, or “TERM”).
Conversely, when leaving the departure airport, CDI scal­ing will transition from 1.0 NM to 2.0 NM when 30 miles
out. GPS-based approaches will see a second transition

2. Follow the missed approach procedures, as pub-

when within 2.0 NM of the final approach fix, scaling
from 1.0 NM to angular full-scale deflection (approach
mode, or “LNAV, LNAV+V, L/LNAV, LP, LP +V, or LPV”).

3. An alert message in the

• A "RT TO xxx° x S" or "LT TO xxx° x S" prompt will
appear in the lower right corner of the display to advise
you when you are at a safe distance to initiate a procedure
turn. The procedure turn is displayed on the map page,
but guidance through the turn itself is not provided

except via roll steering-equipped autopilots.

• Alerts for proper holding pattern entry (e.g. “HOLD
DIRECT”) are displayed in the lower right corner of the
display. Waypoint sequencing is automatically suspended
(indicated by “SUSP” directly above the OBS key) at the
holding waypoint. Press the OBS key again to return to
automatic waypoint sequencing. For course reversals,

4. The unit will provide course guidance only on the

waypoint sequencing is suspended for one trip around
the holding pattern only, after which it will return to
automatic waypoint sequencing.

• The CDI will guide you through a DME arc. Just keep
the needle centered as you fly along the arc.

• As you cross the missed
approach point, “SUSP” will
appear above the OBS key,
indicating that automatic
sequencing of waypoints
is suspended at the missed
approach point, and a “from” indication will appear on
the CDI (or HSI).

the OBS key. The next waypoint in the approach
is automatically offered as the destination way­point.

lished on your approach plate, for proper climb and
heading instructions.

lower right hand corner
of the screen will recom­mend entry procedures for
the holding pattern (e.g.,
“HOLD TEARDROP”). As
you fly the holding pat­tern, a timer appears on the default NAV page. The
timer automatically resets on the outbound side of
the hold when you are abeam the hold waypoint.
The timer again resets as you turn inbound (within
approximately 30° of the inbound course).

inbound side of the holding pattern, however guid­ance is provided along the entire holding pattern
via roll steering-equipped autopilots. When leav­ing the holding pattern to re-fly the approach (or
another approach) press the PROC key to “Select
Approach?” or “Activate Approach?” as previously
described. (Or, use the direct-to key to select
another destination).

18

190-00356-01 Rev K

APPROACHES

Annunciation Description

LPV Localizer Performance with Vertical guidance

(LPV) approach. Fly to LPV minimums. A yel­low background indicates that the approach
is safe to continue but a downgrade to LNAV
may occur.

LP LP indicates Localizer Performance with no

vertical guidance.

LP +V LP +V indicates Localizer Performance with

advisory vertical guidance. Fly LP minimums
down to the MDA and missed approach loca­tion. This annunciation is available in SW Ver

5.10, or later.

L/VNAV Lateral Navigation and Vertical Navigation

(LNAV/VNAV) approach. Fly to LNAV/VNAV
minimums.

LNAV+V GPS approach using published LNAV minima.

Advisory vertical guidance is provided.

LNAV Lateral Navigation approach. Fly to LNAV

minimums.

MAPR Missed Approach indicates the system is

providing missed approach integrity and CDI
full-scale deflection ±0.3 NM.

ENR En route, CDI full-scale deflection is 2.0 NM

or current CDI scale selection, whichever is
smaller.

TERM Terminal, CDI full-scale deflection is 1.0 NM

or current CDI scale selection, whichever is
smaller.

DPRT Departure, indicates the system is using non-

precision approach integrity. HAL = 0.3 and
CDI full-scale deflection is 0.3 NM.

OCN Oceanic, CDI full-scale deflection is 2.0 NM.

LOW ALT

(lower window)

For LNAV+V, LNAV/VNAV, or LPV approaches,
the LOW ALT annunciation indicates the
aircraft’s estimated height is lower than the
Final Approach Waypoint height by more than
the current VPL plus 50 meters. This annuncia­tion will not be active when TAWS or Terrain is
operational.

190-00356-01 Rev K

19

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20

190-00356-01 Rev K

© 2016 Garmin Corporation

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Tel. [phone] or 866/739.5687

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Part Number 190-00356-01 Rev. K

190-00356-01 Rev K