Garmin GDL 82 Installation manual
190-01810-10 September 2019 Revision 2
GDL 82
Mooney M20( ) Series
STC Installation Manual
GDL 82 Mooney M20( ) Series STC Installation Manual 190-01810-10
Rev. 2
Page i
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GDL 82 Mooney M20( ) Series STC Installation Manual 190-01810-10
Rev. 2
Page ii
RECORD OF REVISIONS
Revision
Revision Date
Description
1
12-12-2017
Initial Release
2
09-20-2019
Updated GDL 82 to v2.01, GPS/SBAS to v7.0, and added GPS
175/GNC 355 as GPS position sources.
GDL 82 Mooney M20( ) Series STC Installation Manual 190-01810-10
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Page iii
INFORMATION SUBJECT TO EXPORT CONTROL LAWS
This document may contain information which is subject to the Export Administration Regulations
(“EAR”) issued by the United States Department of Commerce (15 CFR, Chapter VII, Subchapter C)
and which may not be exported, released, or disclosed to foreign nationals inside or outside of the United
States without first obtaining an export license. A violation of the EAR may be subject to a penalty of
up to 10 years imprisonment and a fine of up to $1,000,000 under Section 2410 of the Export
Administration Act of 1979. Include this notice with any reproduced portion of this document.
DEFINITIONS OF WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES
WARNING
This product, its packaging, and its components contain chemicals known to the State of
California to cause cancer, birth defects, or reproductive harm. This notice is being provided in
accordance with California's Proposition 65. If you have any questions or would like additional
information, please refer to our web site at www.garmin.com/prop65.
NOTE
All screen shots used in this document are current at the time of publication. Screen shots are
intended to provide visual reference only. All information depicted in screen shots, including
software file names, versions, and part numbers, is subject to change and may not be up to date.
WARNING
Warnings indicates that personal injury or death is possible if the
instructions are not obeyed.
CAUTION
Cautions are used to alert that damage to equipment may result if the
procedural step is not followed.
NOTE
Notes provide further information about preceding steps and/or reasons for
the particular operation.
GDL 82 Mooney M20( ) Series STC Installation Manual 190-01810-10
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Page
1 DESCRIPTION ....................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 References ........................................................................................................................................ 2
1.2 System Overview ............................................................................................................................. 3
1.3 Technical Specifications .................................................................................................................. 5
2 LIMITATIONS........................................................................................................................................ 7
2.1 Installation Limitations .................................................................................................................... 7
2.2 Operational Limitations .................................................................................................................... 7
3 OVERVIEW ............................................................................................................................................ 8
3.1 Garmin Supplied Materials ............................................................................................................ 10
3.2 Test Equipment .............................................................................................................................. 10
3.3 Pre-Installation: Existing Transponder System Check .................................................................. 11
3.4 Antennas ........................................................................................................................................ 13
3.5 Electrical Load Analysis ................................................................................................................ 17
4 INSTALLATION .................................................................................................................................. 23
4.1 GDL 82 Unit Installation ............................................................................................................... 24
4.2 Circuit Protection ........................................................................................................................... 27
4.3 ADS-B Out Fail Annunciator and Anonymous Mode Switch ....................................................... 28
4.4 Electrical ........................................................................................................................................ 30
5 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION AND CHECKOUT ............................................................................. 37
5.1 Mounting, Wiring and Power Checks ............................................................................................ 37
5.2 GDL 82 Configuration ................................................................................................................... 37
5.3 Ground Checks (Configuration Mode) .......................................................................................... 41
GDL 82 Mooney M20( ) Series STC Installation Manual 190-01810-10
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5.4 Ground Checks (Normal Mode) .................................................................................................... 44
6 RETURN TO SERVICE ....................................................................................................................... 48
6.1 Instructions for Continued Airworthiness (ICA) ........................................................................... 48
6.2 Aircraft Weight and Balance ......................................................................................................... 48
6.3 Airplane Flight Manual Supplement (AFMS) ............................................................................... 50
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FIGURES
Figure Page
Figure 1-1: GDL 82 System I/O Interfaces ................................................................................................... 5
Figure 1-2: GDL 82 Unit Dimensions and Center of Gravity ...................................................................... 6
Figure 3-1: GDL 82 Installation Option 1 .................................................................................................... 8
Figure 3-2: GDL 82 Installation Option 2 .................................................................................................... 9
Figure 3-3: GDL 82 Installation Option 3 .................................................................................................... 9
Figure 3-4: Electrical Load Tabulated Form, Sheet 1 of 2 ......................................................................... 20
Figure 3-5: Electrical Load Tabulated Form, Sheet 2 of 2 ......................................................................... 21
Figure 3-6: Battery Capacity Analysis Example ......................................................................................... 22
Figure 4-1: GDL 82 Unit Installation, Option 1 Example .......................................................................... 25
Figure 4-2: Bonding Strap Example ........................................................................................................... 25
Figure 4-3: GDL 82 Unit Installation, Option 2 & 3 Example ................................................................... 26
Figure 4-4: GDL 82 Circuit Breaker Installation Example ......................................................................... 27
Figure 4-5: ADS-B OUT Fail Annunciator Installation Example .............................................................. 28
Figure 4-6: UAT Anonymous Mode Switch Installation Example ............................................................ 29
Figure 4-7: GDL 82 Wiring Interconnect ................................................................................................... 32
Figure 4-8: Shield Termination ................................................................................................................... 33
Figure 4-9: Jackscrew Backshell Assembly ................................................................................................ 34
Figure 4-10: Option 1 Wire Harness Routing Example .............................................................................. 35
Figure 4-11: Options 2 and 3 Wire Harness Routing Example .................................................................. 36
Figure 5-1: USB-A and USB-B Connectors .............................................................................................. 38
Figure 5-2: Example EMC Source / Victim Matrix ................................................................................... 47
Figure 6-1: Option 1 Weight & Balance Example ...................................................................................... 49
Figure 6-2: Option 2 & 3 Weight and Balance Example ............................................................................ 49
GDL 82 Mooney M20( ) Series STC Installation Manual 190-01810-10
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TABLES
Table Page
Table 1-1: Approved Equipment................................................................................................................... 1
Table 1-2: Reference Documents .................................................................................................................. 2
Table 1-3: Power Requirements .................................................................................................................... 5
Table 1-4: Physical Characteristics ............................................................................................................... 5
Table 3-1: Materials for GDL 82 Installation ............................................................................................. 10
Table 3-2: Pre-Installation Check Procedures............................................................................................. 11
Table 3-3: Coaxial Cable Specifications ..................................................................................................... 14
Table 3-4: Typical Cable Connector Loss .................................................................................................. 14
Table 3-5: L-Band Antennas ....................................................................................................................... 15
Table 3-6: GPS Antennas ............................................................................................................................ 15
Table 3-7: GPS dB Loss Allowance ........................................................................................................... 16
Table 4-1: Airframe Bonding Hardware ..................................................................................................... 25
Table 4-2: Electrical Wiring Material List .................................................................................................. 30
Table 5-1: GDL 82 Configuration Settings ................................................................................................. 39
Table 5-2: External GPS Source Configuration Settings ............................................................................ 40
GDL 82 Mooney M20( ) Series STC Installation Manual 190-01810-10
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Page 1 of 50
1 DESCRIPTION
The GDL 82 is a remote mounted UAT transmitter designed for in-line installation between an existing
Mode A/C transponder and L-Band antenna. The GDL 82 installed in accordance with this manual meets
the operational requirement of equipping for ADS-B Out per 14 CFR §91.225 and §91.227 with guidance
from AC 20-165B.
This manual includes the description of the GDL 82 physical, mechanical and electrical characteristics,
and provides instructions for installation in Mooney M20( ) series aircraft only (TCDS 2A3). Conditions
and limitations of airworthiness approval are also detailed in this manual.
This STC and the data contained in this manual are the basis of airworthiness approval only for the installation of
equipment listed in Table 1-1, and the interfaces between the Garmin GDL 82 and equipment listed in this
manual.
Table 1-1: Approved Equipment
Model
Manufacturer
Unit Part Number
Catalog Part Number
GDL 82
Garmin
011-03946-00
010-01560-01
GDL 82 w/ GPS
Garmin
011-03946-40
010-01560-31
Some Mooney M20( ) aircraft may have been modified over the years to include systems which are not
approved for use with the GDL 82. The installer is responsible for making the final determination of
applicability of this STC for each aircraft, including limitations. No aircraft modifications should take
place before this determination is made.
A permission letter to use this STC data is available for download for each authorized GDL 82 installation
from Garmin’s Dealer Resource Center and flyGarmin.com.
The software version and information in this document are subject to change without notice. Visit
www.flyGarmin.com for current updates and supplemental information concerning the operation of this
and other Garmin products.
GDL 82 Mooney M20( ) Series STC Installation Manual 190-01810-10
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1.1 References
Table 1-2: Reference Documents
Document Title
Document Number
FAA Advisory Circular, Acceptable Methods, Techniques, and Practices
– Aircraft Inspection and Repair
AC 43.13-1B
FAA Advisory Circular, Acceptable Methods, Techniques, and Practices
– Aircraft Alterations
AC 43.13-2B
Aerospace Systems Electrical Bonding and Grounding for
Electromagnetic Compatibility and Safety
SAE ARP1870
Standard Guide for Aircraft Electrical Load and Power Source Capacity Analysis
ASTM F2490-05
FAA Memorandum dated March 2, 2016, “Installation Approval for ADS-B OUT
Systems”
AFS-360_2016-03-02
GTN 625/635/650 TSO Installation Manual
190-01004-02
GTN 725/750 TSO Installation Manual
190-01007-02
GNS 400W Series Installation Manual
190-00356-08
GNS 500W Series Installation Manual
190-00357-08
GNS 480 (CNX80) Color GPS/NAV/COM Installation Manual
560-0982-01
GPS 175 Part 23 AML STC Installation Manual
190-02207-A1
GNC 355 Part 23 AML STC Installation Manual
190-02207-A5
Garmin GPS and XM® Antenna STC Installation Manual
190-01284-00
Instructions for Continued Airworthiness & Maintenance Manual,
GDL 82 Mooney M20() Series STC
190-01810-11
Master Drawing List GDL 82 Mooney M20( ) Series STC
005-01008-A1
AFMS for the Garmin GDL 82 Mooney M20 Series
190-01810-12
GDL 82 Pilot’s Quick Start Guide
190-01810-13
The following acronyms and abbreviations are used in this manual:
AC
Advisory Circular
GPS
Global Positioning System
ADS-B
Automatic Dependent Surveillance –
Broadcast
GTN
Garmin Touch Navigator
AFM
Airplane Flight Manual
ICA
Instructions for Continued Airworthiness
AFMS
Airplane Flight Manual Supplement
ICAO
International Civil Aviation Organization
ALT
Altitude
I/O
Input/Output
ATC
Air Traffic Control
LRU
Line Replaceable Unit
BL
Butt-Line
MM
Maintenance Manual
CFR
Code of Federal Regulations
PC
Personal Computer
CG
Center of Gravity
POH
Pilot Operating Handbook
CL
Center-Line
PVT
Position, Velocity & Time
GDL 82 Mooney M20( ) Series STC Installation Manual 190-01810-10
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DC
Direct Current
SBAS
Satellite-Based Augmentation System
DME
Distance Measuring Equipment
STC
Supplemental Type Certificate
ELA
Electrical Load Analysis
SW
Software
ELT
Emergency Location Transmitter
TCDS
Type Certificate Data Sheet
EMC
Electro-Magnetic Checkout
TSO
Technical Standard Order
EMI
Electro-Magnetic Interference
UAT
Universal Access Transceiver
ENT
Enter
USB
Universal Serial Bus
EQF
Environmental Qualification Form
VFR
Visual Flight Rules
FAA
Federal Aviation Administration
Vs0
Aircraft Stall Speed (in landing
configuration)
FS
Fuselage Station
VSWR
Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
GDL
Garmin Datalink Transceiver
WAAS
Wide Area Augmentation System
GNS
Garmin Navigator Series
XPDR
Transponder
1.2 System Overview
The GDL 82 is a remote-mounted unit that contains 978 MHz and 1030 MHz transmitters, and a 1090
MHz receiver. It is installed in-line with the existing transponder and L-Band antenna. The GDL 82
transmits ownship ADS-B Out data via the UAT data link using the existing transponder’s L-Band
antenna. The GDL 82 utilizes the direct in-line connection to synchronize with the aircraft transponder via
1030 MHz interrogations to obtain the transponder Squawk (Mode 3/A) code, IDENT status and pressure
altitude.
ADS-B equipment requires GPS/SBAS data for ADS-B Out transmissions. Only the following
GPS/SBAS data sources (and their software versions) are approved by this STC to interface with the
GDL 82:
• GTN 6XX/7XX series navigators with software version 6.41 (or later)
• GNS 4XXW/5XXW series navigators with software version 5.30 (or later)
• GPS 175 navigator
• GNC 355 navigator/COM radio
• GNS 480 navigator with software version 2.4 (or later)
• Existing approved GPS antenna installation (See Section 3.4.2)
The GDL 82 uses the following interfaces:
• Aircraft Power and Ground
• Transponder Coaxial Connection
• L-Band Coaxial Connection
• GPS Coaxial Connection – Used only for internal GPS source
• 1 RS-232 I/O – Used only for external GPS source
• 1 Discrete Output – Failure Annunciator (optional)
• 2 Discrete Inputs – Anonymous Mode Switch and Squat Switch (optional)
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• USB Interface – Configuring GDL 82 and Loading Software from PC
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The GDL 82 System Interface Diagram is shown in Figure 1-1.
Figure 1-1: GDL 82 System I/O Interfaces
1.3 Technical Specifications
The GDL 82 environmental qualification form (EQF) is available at Garmin’s Dealer Resource Center
and flyGarmin.com.
Table 1-3: Power Requirements
Unit
Characteristic
Specification
14 VDC
28 VDC
GDL 82
Input Current, Typical
0.35 A
0.2 A
Input Current, Maximum
0.4 A
0.25 A
GDL 82 w/ GPS
Input Current, Typical
0.45 A
0.25 A
Input Current, Maximum
0.5 A
0.3 A
Table 1-4: Physical Characteristics
Unit
Width
Height
Length
Weight of
Unit and
Connectors
GDL 82
3.39 in
1.48 in
7.99 in
0.99 lbs
GDL 82 w/GPS
1.22 lbs
GPS Antenna
GPS Source
Bottom L-Band Antenna
(GDL 82 with GPS only)
OR
Discrete
Failure
Annunciator
Power/Ground
Transponder
RS-232
USB
PC Config
Tool
Coax
Coax
OPTIONAL
Discrete
Anonymous
Mode Switch
Discrete
Squat/WOW
Switch
GDL 82
GPS Time Mark
Coax
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Figure 1-2: GDL 82 Unit Dimensions and Center of Gravity
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2 LIMITATIONS
2.1 Installation Limitations
This STC approves the GDL 82 unit to be installed on the existing equipment shelf located in the aft
section of the fuselage behind the cargo hold or underneath the instrument panel, attached to the tubular
structure.
This STC does not provide the data, neither is the basis of the airworthiness approval for antenna
installation. Installation of GPS/SBAS or L-Band antennas as part of GDL 82 system requires separate
airworthiness approval.
2.2 Operational Limitations
Refer to the Airplane Flight Manual Supplement (AFMS) (Garmin Document Number: 190-01810-12) for
operational limitations. It is available at Garmin’s Dealer Resource Center and flyGarmin.com.
GDL 82 Mooney M20( ) Series STC Installation Manual 190-01810-10
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3 OVERVIEW
Steps required to install the GDL 82 are discussed in this section. These steps include verification of the
existing transponder system performance (including the antenna) and completion of an aircraft Electrical
Load Analysis. Equipment location, required support structure, and electrical wiring are also discussed in
this section.
NOTE
The instructions to install GDL 82, including fabrication of required wiring harness, are intended
to follow aircraft manufacturer requirements as specified in Aircraft Maintenance Manual.
Alteration and wiring practices detailed in AC 43.13-1B and AC 43.13-2B are acceptable
alternatives. Sound mechanical and electrical methods and practices are required to achieve
optimum system performance.
Options for the GDL 82 installation in a Mooney M20( ) series aircraft are depicted in Figure 3-1, Figure
3-2, and Figure 3-3. These options reflect location of existing L-Band antenna and type of transponder
(panel mounted or remote). Other than the GDL 82 unit, all other equipment shown is for reference only
and is neither intended to convey requirements for the GDL 82 installation, nor is the GDL 82 installation
predicated on other equipment shown. A list of acceptable L-Band and GPS antennas are shown in Table
3-5 and Table 3-6, respectively.
Figure 3-1: GDL 82 Installation Option 1
GDL 82 Mooney M20( ) Series STC Installation Manual 190-01810-10
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Figure 3-2: GDL 82 Installation Option 2
Figure 3-3: GDL 82 Installation Option 3
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3.1 Garmin Supplied Materials
Garmin supplied materials required for the GDL 82 installation are listed in Table 3-1. Other
commercially available materials required for installation of GDL 82 are shown in Section 4.
Table 3-1: Materials for GDL 82 Installation
Part Number
Description
011-03946-00
OR
011-03946-40
GDL 82
OR
GDL 82 w/GPS (depicted in Figure 4-1 and Figure 4-3)
011-03945-00
Connector Kit, GDL 82
006-B2343-01
GDL 82 System Software Version 2.01
006-C0177-23
GDL 82 FPGA Software Version 2.3
006-B1827-10
GDL 82 Internal GPS Software Version 7.0
006-A0248-20
GDL 8X Install Tool [1]
[1] GDL 8X Install Tool is available for download at flyGarmin.com
3.2 Test Equipment
GDL 82 Pre- and Post- installation system checkouts require the following equipment:
• Ground power source (capable of supplying sufficient power to the aircraft systems and avionics).
• Transponder Ramp Test Set (e.g., Aeroflex IFR-6000 or TIC TR-220).
• ADS-B Test Set (e.g., Garmin GDL 39(R/3D)/52 and Garmin Pilot application on iOS device) if
a transponder ramp test set is not capable of receiving UAT (978MHz) ADS-B Out messages.
NOTE
For the post-install ADS-B Out checks (see section 5.4.2) the Ramp Test Set must be capable of
receiving ADS-B Out messages on UAT (978MHz).
• A Milliohm meter with a precision of ±0.1 mΩ, or better, to measure the electrical bonding
between system components and aircraft ground.
• An ammeter with a precision of ±0.5 amps and a current capacity sufficient for the total aircraft
load for the ELA.
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