Table 4: Frequency List.............................................................................321
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1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Using this Guide
This User's Manual provides instructions for planning and setting up a Wireless link
based on the D-Link Air Premier DWL-1800 Series wireless base unit and remote
bridge.
Chapter 1: Introduction - Explains how to use this manual and presents the
D-Link Air Premier DWL-1800 series.
Chapter 2: Installation - Describes how to install the units.
Chapter 3: The DWL -1800 Series Configuration Utility - Describes how to use
the DWL-1800 Config uration Utility to setup, configure, and manage D-Link Air
Premier DWL-1800 series units.
Chapter 4: System Troubleshooting - Solves some of the more common problems
which may occur when installing and using the D-Link Air Premier DWL-1800
products.
Chapter 5: Software Download Procedure - Explains how to perform software
upgrades using a TFTP application.
Chapter 6: Technical Specifications - Lists the technical specifications for the
D-Link Air Premier DWL-1800 series units.
Appendix A: DWL-1800 FAQ - Answers questions frequently asked by customers.
Appendix B: Preparing the Indoor to Outdoor Cable: Explains how to prepare
and install the cable connecting the indoor to the outdoor unit.
Appendix C: Radio Signal Propagation - Explains many of the terms and
concepts related to antennas and RF (Radio Frequency) systems.
1.2 System Description
1.2.1 General
The D-Link AirPremier DWL -1800 Wireless Base Unit (DWL-1800B) and
Wireless Remote Bridge (DWL-1800R) are designed to provide long-range
point-to-multipoint links for outdoor applications. The products use direct sequence
spread spectrum radio technology operating at the frequency range of 2.4 – 2.4835
GHz, a part of the FCC's unlicensed Industrial, Scientific, Medical (ISM) band.
Data is transmitted at rates of up to 11 Mbps, providing network users with full
10BaseT Ethernet speeds.
The DWL-1800B is an IEEE 802.11b compliant base station that connects one or
more remote sites to a central server or Internet connection. In a point-to-multi-point
configuration the DWL-1800B is the central unit while in point-to-point
configurations it should be installed at one end of the link.
The DWL-1800B is the basic unit, equipped with an antenna inte grated into the
front cover of the outdoor unit.
2
1.2.2.2 DWL-1800R (RB) Wireless Bridge
The DWL-1800 Wireless Bridge connects a remote Ethernet network to a central
network server or Internet site via a DWL-1800 Multipoint Base .
The maximum number of MAC addresses that the unit can handle at any specific
time is 1024 and the Aging algorithm is applied at all times.
When a station on the Ethernet LAN sends a message that is not destined for a local
station, the DWL-1800R forwards the message to the DWL-1800B. Whe n the
DWL-1800B receives a message destined for a station on the DWL-1800R's LAN,
the DWL-1800B wirelessly forwards it to the DWL-1800R. In this manner, the
DWL-1800R and the DWL-1800B work together like a standard network bridge.
The first time each station on the DWL-1800R’s LAN sends a message, the station’s
address is registered by both the DWL-1800R and the DWL-1800B. It is possible
for the DWL-1800R and DWL-1800B to store all the addresses necessary to support
an entire LAN connected to a DWL-1800R.
The DWL-1800R is the basic unit, equipped with an antenna integrated into the
front cover of the outdoor unit.
1.2.3 D-Link AirPremier DWL- 1800 Compatibility and
Standards
D-Link Air Premier DWL-1800 products are compatible with the following
standards and are interoperable with other IEEE 802.11b compatible, 2.4 GHz direct
sequence products.
?? IEEE 802.11b Wireless LAN.
?? IEEE 802.3 10BaseT Ethernet.
?? DHCP for automatic IP address assignment.
?? SNMP for system management.
3
2. INSTALLATION
2.1 Packing List
Verify that all of the following items are included with the unit:
?? Indoor unit.
?? Outdoor unit (includes integrated antenna).
?? Pole mounting kit for the Outdoor unit (includes two brackets and four
sets of screws, nuts and washers).
?? 110/220 VAC Power Cord.
?? 20 meter Indoor -to-Outdoor cable.
?? 3 shielded RJ-45 connectors.
?? Configuration Utility CD including manual.
2.2 Installation Overview
1. Select appropriate locations for the outdoor unit, the antenna and
the Indoor unit.
2. Mount the outdoor unit.
3. Connect a ground cable from the outdoor unit to an appropriate
grounding point.
4. Connect the Indoor-to-Outdoor cable to the outdoor unit and route it
to the location selected for the indoor unit. Refer to Appendix B for
instructions on preparing the Indoor -to-Outdoor cable.
5. Mount the indoor unit. Connect the Indoor -to-Outdoor cable to the
indoor unit’s Radio port.
6. Connect the indoor unit’s Ethernet port to the user’s network
using an Ethernet cable.
7. Configure the unit’s parameters.
8. Align the antenna and verify connectivity with any other units.
NOTE: The indoor unit should be connected to the power source only
after it has been connected to the outdoor unit.
4
Figure 2: General Installation Scheme - Pole Mounting
NOTE: Use a straight Ethernet cable to connect the indoor unit to a hub, or
use a crossed cable to connect it directly to a PC’s Network Interface
Card (NIC).
2.3 Outdoor Installation Considerations
This chapter describes various considerations to take into account when planning an
outdoor installation including site selection, antenna alignment, antenna
polarization and cell size.
5
2.3.1 Collocating DWL-1800 Outdoor Units
Up to three DWL-1800B units with integrated antennas (the exact number depends on
the number of non-overlapping channels available in the relevant regulatory domain)
can be collocated on the same building top or tower. Collocating more then three units
may decrease performance depending upon the type of antenna and its direction. Each
unit should be assigned to one of the non-overlapping channels: 1, 7, or 13 in ETSI or
1, 6 or 11 in FCC.
2.3.2 Site Selection Factors
When selecting a location for outdoor units and external antennas, remember to take
into consideration the following guidelines:
?? Minimum distance between sites.
?? Maximum height above the ground.
?? Maximum line of sight clearance.
Path of Clearest Propagation
A propagation path is the path that signals traverse between the antennas of any two
units. The “line” between two antenna sites is an imaginary straight line, which may
be drawn between the two antennas. Any obstacles in the path of the “line” degrade
the propagation path. The best propagation path is, therefore, a clear line of sight
with good clearance between the “line” and any physical obstacle.
Physical Obstacles
Any buildings or other physical structures such as trees, mountains or other
geographic features higher than the antenna and situated in the path between the two
sites can constitute obstructions and cause signal attenuation. Install outdoor
antennas high enough to avoid any obstacles, which may block the signal.
6
Path Loss
Path loss is determined mainly by several factors:
?? Distance between sites – Path loss is lower and system performance
better when distances between sites are shorter.
?? Clearance – Path loss is minimized when there exists a clear line of
sight. The number, location, size, and makeup of obstacles determine
their contribution to path loss.
?? Antenna height – Path loss is lower when antennas are positioned
higher. Antenna height is the distance from the imaginary line
connecting the antennas at the two sites to ground level. Ground level in
an open area is the actual ground. In dense urban areas, ground level is
the average height of the buildings between the antenna sites.
2.3.3 Rooftop Installation
Rooftop installations offer several advantages:
?? Fewer obstacles in the path.
?? Improved performance due to greater height.
2.3.4 Antennas for Outdoor Applications
The D-Link AirPremier DWL-1800 series can be used in point-to-point or
point-to-multipoint configurations.
Point-to-Point
The DWL-1800B/DWL-1800R is equipped with a directional antenna. The required
antenna gain depends on the required range and performance.
Point-to-Multipoint
Setting up a point-to-multipoint link requires the use of a base unit equipped with an
integrated antenna and at least two remote units also equipped with integrated
antennas.
7
2.3.5 Antenna Polarization
Antenna polarization must be the same at both ends of the link. In most applications,
the preferred orientation is vertical polarization, which is best for above ground
propagation.
2.3.6 Cell Size/Link Distance
Cell size is determined by the maximum possible distance between the DWL-1800B
and a DWL-1800R unit. For open outdoor areas with an unobstructed line of sight
between the BU-DWL-1800B and the DWL-1800R units, the suggested maximum
distance is up to 6 miles (10Km) where ETSI is the regulatory domain and 15 Miles
(25 Km) where FCC is the regulatory domain.
2.3.7 Using Outdoor Range Tables
Specific range tables, guidelines and information about extended cables can be
obtained from your local dealer or the D-Link central offices.
Outdoor installations must have a clear line-of-sight between antennas. Solid
obstacles such as buildings or hills can prevent the establishment of a link while
partial obstacles such as trees or traffic can reduce range. Extended coaxial cables
can cause an increase in signal loss and a reduction in range.
2.3.8 Precautions
NOTE: Outdoor units and antennas should be installed ONLY by experienced antenna
installation professionals who are familiar with local building and safety codes
and, wherever applicable, are licensed by the appropriate government
regulatory authorities.
The system complies with the ETS 300 385 standard and is protected against
secondary lightning strikes when its outdoor unit is properly grounded
according to the applicable country-specific industry standards for protection
against lightning. The system complies with EN 61000-4-5, test level 3 (2kV).
Failure to do so may void the D-Link Air Premier DWL-1800 Product
Warranty and may expose the end user to legal and financial liabilities. D-Link
and its resellers or distributors are not liable for injury, damage or violation of
government regulations associated with the installation of detached antennas.
8
2.3.9 Compliance with Radio Regulations
Regulations regarding maximum antenna gains vary from country to country. It is
the responsibility of the end user to operate within the limits of these regulations as
well as to ensure that the professional installer is aware of these regulations.
Violat ion of government regulations exposes the end user to legal and financial liabilities.
D-Link , its resellers and distributors shall not be liable for expense or damage incurred as
a result of installations that exceed local transmit power limitations.
2.4 Installing the Outdoor Unit
The outdoor unit can be secured to the pole using one of the following options:
?? Special brackets sets (supplied with each unit). There are two pairs of
screw holes on the units, allowing the use of the brackets with various
pole widths.
?? U-bolts - size A (inner installation holes, up to 2" pole).
?? U-bolt - size B (outside installation holes, up to 3" pole).
?? Metal bands (9/16” wide, minimum 12” long).
Figure 3 shows the locations of the holes, grooves and screw holes on the back of
the unit.
Figure 4 illustrates the method of installing a unit on a pole using the supplied
brackets.
NOTE: Make sure to install the unit with the bottom panel (the panel with the signal
strength bar and LEDs) facing downward.
9
Figure 3: Holes/Grooves/Screw Holes
10
Figure 4: 3” Pole Mounting Installation Using the Supplied Brackets
NOTE: When inserting the open-ended screws, make sure to insert them with the
grooves pointing outwards; these grooves are intended to allow fastening of the
screws with a screwdriver.
2.4.1 Connecting the Ground and Antenna Cables
The Ground terminal (marked ) is located on the bottom panel of the outdoor unit.
1. Connect one end of the grounding cable to the Ground terminal and
connect the other end to a good ground connection.
2.4.2 Connecting the Indoor-to-Outdoor Cable
1. Remove the two screws holding the waterproof seal to the outdoor unit
and remove the waterproof seal.
2. Unscrew the top nut from the waterproof seal.
Figure 5: The Waterproof Seal
11
3. Route a straight, uncrimped Ethernet cable (8-wire, 24 AWG) through
both the top nut and the waterproof seal.
NOTE: The 8-wire cable should be shielded.
4. Insert and crimp the RJ-45 connector. Refer to Appendix B for
instructions on preparing the RJ-45 cable connector.
5. Connect the Ethernet cable to the Outdoor unit RJ-45 connector.
6. Replace the waterproof seal and then the top nut. Make sure that the
external jack of the cable is well inside the waterproof seal to guarantee a
good seal.
7. Route the cable to the location selected for the Indoor unit.
2.5 Installing the Indoor Unit
Route the Indoor -to-Outdoor cable into the building so that it conveniently reaches
the indoor unit while avoiding interference sources. It is recommended that the
cable be a little longer then necessary. The cable is supplied open ended so it can be
conveniently threaded as shown into the building.
1. Remove the wall-mounting bracket clipped to the back of the indoor unit
and mount it on a wall as shown in Figure 6. Mount the indoor unit on
the mounting bracket.
2. Assemble an RJ-45 connector with a protective cover on the indoor side
of the Indoor -to-Outdoor cable. Refer to Appendix B for instructions on
preparing the RJ-45 cable connector.
3. Connect the Indoor -to-Outdoor cable to the Radio connector, located on
the top panel of the indoor unit shown in Figure 8 on page 14. The
Indoor-to-Outdoor cable should be connected to the unit before the unit
is connected to the mains power.
12
Figure 6: Wall Mounting the Indoor Unit
NOTE: The color codes of the power cable are:
brown phase ~
blue neutral 0
yellow/green grounding
4. After connecting the outdoor unit to the indoor unit using the
Indoor-to-Outdoor cable, connect the power cord to the unit’s AC
socket, located on the bottom panel shown in Figure 7. Connect the other
end of the power cord to the AC mains after verifying that the unit is
rated for the voltage in the country of use; the AC rating is indicated on
the bottom panel of the Indoor unit.
Figure 7: Indoor Unit Bottom Panel
13
5. Verify that the yellow POWER LED located on the top panel is lit,
indicating that the unit is supplying power to the radio port.
Figure 8: Indoor Unit Top Panel
6. Connect the 10BaseT connector to the network. The cable connection
should be straight Ethernet if connecting the Indoor unit to a Hub and a
crossed cable if connecting it directly to a PC Network Interface Card
(NIC).
NOTE: The length of the Ethernet cable connecting the indoor unit to the
user's equipment, together with the length of the Indoor-to-Outdoor
cable, should not exceed 90 meters.
2.5.1 Configuring Parameters
Before aligning the antenna, certain key parameters must be configured to
enable connectivity with linked units.
See Unit Configuration Mode on page 209 for more information.
2.5.2 Antenna Alignment
Usually, low gain antennas do not require alignment due to their very wide radiation
pattern. High gain antennas, including the integral antenna of DWL-1800 units,
have a narrow beamwidth necessitating an alignment procedure in order to optimize
the link.
Check the antenna alignment by using the RSSI bar on the bottom panel of the
DWL-1800R unit.
To align the antenna:
1. Confirm that the units at both ends of the link are receiving power.
14
2. Synchronize the units by aligning the antennas at the central and remote
sites until maximum signal quality is obtained. Check the signal quality
RSSI bar on the bottom panel of the DWL-1800R. The first LED lights
red to indicate that the unit is working. The remaining nine LEDs light
green to indicate the signal strength. The stronger the signal, the more
LEDs are lit. Rotate the antenna to the left or right until you reach the
point of maximum RSSI reading. Make sure that at all times the front of
the antenna faces the general direction of the DWL-1800B.
15
2.6 Verifying Correct Operation
2.6.1 Verifying Correct Operation of the Indoor Unit
To verify proper operation, check the LED indicators located on the top panel of the
indoor unit as shown in Figure 8 on page 14, and as described in Table 1.
Name Description Functionality
POWER Power indication
LINK Self Test and Ethernet
Link indication
Table 1: Indoor Unit LEDs
Green - 48VDC is present on the Radio
RJ45 port.
Off - No power is supplied to the Radio
RJ45 port.
The LINK LED indicates end-to-end
connection between the outdoor unit and
the Ethernet connection to the indoor
unit.
Off – No Ethernet connectivity has been
detected between the outdoor unit and
the device connected to the indoor unit.
Orange– Self -test passed and Ethernet
connection is confirmed by the Outdoor
unit (Ethernet integrity check passed).
16
2.6.2 Verifying Correct Operation of the Outdoor Unit
To verify proper operation, check the LED indicators located on the bottom panel of
the outdoor unit.
Name Description Functionality
WLAN Wireless Link
Indicator
DC Power Self Test and Power
indication
ETH
Ethernet activity/
connectivity indication
RSSI
DWL-1800R: Received Signal Strength
BAR
Blinking Green – Data received or
transmitted on the wireless link. Blinking
rate is slower when there is less wireless
traffic.
Green – Power is available and self test
passed.
Red – Self test failed. Firmware did not
load successfully.
OFF –Ethernet connectivity is OK.
No traffic activity detected on the port.
Blinking Green –Ethernet connectivity is
OK, with traffic on the port.
Red – No Ethernet connectivity. When
this state occurs, check the Ethernet cable
and Indoor -to-Outdoor cable connections.
Indication
DWL-1800B: Number of associated
RB-DWL-1800R units
Table 2: Outdoor Unit LEDs
What to do if the Self Test fails
If the Self -Test failed (DC Power LED light remains red), try the following:
?? Reset unit (Disconnect/reconnect the power).
?? Check the Indoor -to-Outdoor cable.
?? Reset to factory defaults (see page 42).
?? Contact technical support.
17
3. THE D-LINK AIRPREMIER DWL-1800
CONFIGURATION UTILITY
The D-Link Air Premier DWL-1800 Configuration Utility is an SNMP -based utility
that provides a consistent view of the wireless network. The system administrator
can use the D-Link AirPremier DWL-1800 Configuration Utility to control a large
number of DWL-1800 units from a single location. The Configuration Utility can be
used to manage DWL-1800B(BU) and DWL-1800R (RB)units as well as other
members of the D-Link wireless family including D-Link Air and Air Plus Series
i.e. DWL-900AP, DWL-900AP+, DWL-520, DWL-520+, DWL-650, DWL-650+.
The description in this manual, however, is limited to management and
configuration of DWL-1800B and DWL-1800R units.
Using the Configuration Utility you can:
?? Assign radio channels for optimal cell operation.
?? Configure units with a specified IP address.
?? Set the SNMP Read/Write Community strings.
?? Verify the status of all units in the network.
?? Configuration of a wide range of operational parameters, including
WLAN, IP and Security parameters.
?? View Tx and Rx counters.
?? Obtain general information such as the Firmware version and system
name.
18
3.1 Installing and Running the Configuration
Utility
The Configuration Utility is provided for installation on a 3.5” diskette.
1. Insert the provided diskette into the computer where you wish to
install the Configuration Utility.
2. Run Brzmgr mgr.exe.
3. Follow all instructions until you are informed that the Utility was
installed successfully.
4. Run the Configuration Utility from the Start menu by selecting it in
the D-Link AirPremier DWL-1800 Configuration Utility folder under
Programs.
3.2 Configuration Utility Modes
There are several D-Link AirPremier DWL-1800 Configuration Utility modes of
operation; these options are selected via the Mode menu in the configuration utility
main window (shown below). The selected mode(s) is indicated by a check mark in
the menu.
?? Unit configuration - This is the default mode and is used for setting
parameters as detailed in this manual.
?? Firmware upgrade – Used for upgrading the embedded software in
managed units; refer to Section 3.2.2 for instructions on using this
feature.
?? Multiple configuration – Used for setting configuration parameters for
more than one unit simultaneously; refer to Section 3.2.3 for
instructions on using this feature.
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