Datasheet TEA6101T, TEA6101 Datasheet (Philips)

INTEGRATED CIRCUITS

DATA SH EET

TEA6101/T

Antenna diversity circuit

Objective specification
File under Integrated circuits, IC01

May 1992

Philips Semiconductors Objective specification

Antenna diversity circuit TEA6101/T

FEATURES

• Ability to switch between up to four antennae

• Switching signal derived from two signals: the audio and

the level signals

• Floating switching threshold adjusts switching rate to
prevailing circumstances:

– increasing threshold due to excessive noise
– increasing threshold due to numerous level variations

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

Intended for multi-antenna FM car radio reception
(antenna diversity system), the TEA6101/T selects the
most favourable signal from one of up to four antennae.
Founded upon audible signal disturbance the criteria are
derived from two signals: high frequency components (e.g.
spikes due to noise and multipath reception) and
variations in signal level as a result of multipath reception
or fluctuations in field strength.

• Memory for the most favourable antenna signal to
overcome unnecessary switching

• Signal-dependent `soft` muting circuit

• Mode selection to the first antenna receiving an AM

signal whilst the diversity system is reset.

APPLICATIONS

• Car radio receivers

• Mobile radio communications equipment

QUICK REFERENCE DATA

SYMBOL PARAMETER MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT

V

P

I

P

V

I(p-p)

I

os

V

L

T

amb

positive supply voltage − 8.5 − V
positive supply current − 14 − mA
audio input voltage (peak-to-peak value) −−3V
antenna switch output current (source/sink) −−7mA

−3 dB audio attenuation (soft mute) − 1.45 − V
operating ambient temperature range −30 − +85 °C

ORDERING INFORMATION

PACKAGE

EXTENDED TYPE NUMBER

PINS PIN POSITION MATERIAL CODE

TEA6101 18 DIL plastic SOT102
TEA6101T 20 SO plastic SOT163A

Notes

1. SOT102-1; 1996 September 10.

2. SOT163-1; 1996 September 10.

May 1992 2

(1)

(2)

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May 1992 3

supply

reference

voltage

0.1 µF

STABILIZER

1.5

R1

kΩ

ADDER

&

offset

TIMING

100

&

reset

R3

47 nF

ground

20

OFFSET

&

1

complete stop reset

Ω

15 2

memory
timing

MEMORY

LOAD

COMPARATOR

4 - STAGE
JOHNSON
COUNTER

MODE SELECT

control

19
18
17
16

level input

via

capacitor

audio input

0.47
µF

delay soft mute

33
nF

level input direct

3.3

kΩ

µF

1

3.3
nF

3

6

5

7

3.6 V
20

k

Ω

V

ref

ADDER

V

U

MUTE

33

audio output

V

I

20

Ω

k

VOLTAGE

REFERENCE

kΩ

14

µF

1

modulus output

4

ADDER

kΩ

1.5
R2

level
averaging

8

HIGH - PASS

FILTER

LOW - PASS

FILTER

offset
voltage

not connected

11 10 13 9 1

ADDER

V

(min)

ADDER

offset

voltage

ADDER

MONOSTABLE

MULTIVIBRATOR

noise

averaging

12

k

Ω

VOLTAGE

REFERENCE

&&

TEA6101T

12

test pin

MBA543 - 1

to

antenna

switch

Philips Semiconductors Objective specification

Antenna diversity circuit TEA6101/T

Fig.1 Block diagram.

handbook, full pagewidth

Philips Semiconductors Objective specification

Antenna diversity circuit TEA6101/T

PINNING

The pin numbers given in parenthesis refer to the
TEA6101

SYMBOL PIN DESCRIPTION

V

P

1 (1) positive supply
CTRL 2 (2) control input
AUDIN 3 (3) audio input
AUDOUT 4 (4) audio output
LID 5 (5) level input direct
LIC 6 (6) level input via capacitor
DSM 7 (7) delay soft mute
MODOUT 8 (8) modulus output
V

ref

9 (9) reference voltage
n.c. 10 − not connected
n.c. 11 − not connected
TEST 12 (10) test pin
NOAV 13 (11) noise averaging
LEAV 14 (12) level averaging
MT 15 (13) memory timing
OUT4 16 (14) output 4
OUT3 17 (15) output 3
OUT2 18 (16) output 2
OUT1 19 (17) output 1
GND 20 (18) ground

handbook, halfpage

MODOUT

Fig.2 Pin configuration (TEA6101T).

V

CTRL

AUDIN

AUDOUT

LID

LIC

DSM

V

REF

n.c.

1

P

2
3
4
5

TEA6101T

6
7
8
9

10

MBA542 - 1

20

GND

19

OUT1

18

OUT2

17

OUT3

16

OUT4

15

MT

14

LEAV

13

NOAV

12

TEST

n.c.

11

May 1992 4

handbook, halfpage

MODOUT

Fig.3 Pin configuration (TEA6101).

V

CTRL

AUDIN

AUDOUT

LID

LIC

DSM

V

REF

1

P

2
3
4
5

TEA6101

6
7
8
9

MBA541 - 1

GND

18

17

OUT1
OUT2

16

OUT3

15

OUT4

14

MT

13

LEAV

12

NOAV

11

TEST

10

Philips Semiconductors Objective specification

Antenna diversity circuit TEA6101/T

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

Various forms of disturbance can affect signal reception in
car radio receivers:

• ignition interference produces spikes on the audio
signal. Switching to another antenna will be ineffective.
Strong ignition interference, however, will modulate the
antenna field strength. In this instance another antenna
possessing a directional pattern will suffer less
disturbance and switching would be appropriate.

• variation of antenna field strength due to travelling
through a zone of variable signal strength will result in a
variation in the signal level. Greater noise will be
apparent on the audio signal whilst the IF limiter is not
limiting. Switching to an alternative antenna input would
increase the signal strength.

• multipath reception occurs when a signal reaches the
antenna from two or more directions. Often the signals
will be of different phase. In certain circumstances the
sum of the reflected signals results in zero and a large
spike will be evident on the audio signal. It will then be
necessary to switch to an alternative antenna from
which the sum of the received signals will be different.

The criteria for an antenna diversity system are high
frequency components (spikes and noise) on the audio
signal in combination with variations in signal level.

Detection of spikes on the audio signal

A rectifier, high pass filter, low pass filter and a comparator
are used to detect spikes and noise on the audio signal
(see Fig.1). The negative spikes are detected by the
rectifier whilst a high pass filter removes the audio signal
to leave the high frequency signal components at the
negative input to the comparator. The signal at the positive
input to the comparator consists of an offset together with
an audio signal attenuated by the low pass filter. If the
amplitude of the spikes exceed that of the attenuated
audio plus offset, the output of the comparator is HIGH.

When the switching rate of the comparator is HIGH,
feedback increases the offset via the diode, the resistor
R1, and the 100 nF capacitor. The offset is decreased by
the 12 kΩ resistor and the 100 nF capacitor (pin 11 or 13).
The result is an offset based upon the comparator
switching rate, rapid to increase but slow to decrease,
therefore permitting only the largest spikes to trigger the
comparator (floating threshold).

Should high noise be apparent on the audio signal, the
offset is decreased by means of the rectifier and high pass
filter.

This will result in more frequent switching to an alternative
antenna whilst the result of the switching operation will be
less audible.

Detection of voltage level variation

A 1 µF input capacitor and 20 kΩ resistor remove the
absolute level voltage to leave only variations to be
detected. The level comparator output is HIGH when the
variations in level voltage are greater than the offset.
Similarly to the audio comparator; the feedback diode,
resistor R2, the 1 µF capacitor and the 33 kΩ resistor
cause the threshold level to float. During periods of high
activity the comparator thus switches only on the largest
variations.

Switching to an alternative antenna

When both the level and the audio comparator outputs are
HIGH, another output of the Johnson counter will be
selected. Since switching to an alternative antenna would
cause a disturbance of the audio and level signals the
monostable multivibrator will prohibit the counter from
selecting another antenna input for 21 µs.

Memory and timing

Approximately similar qualities of signal originating from
different antennae could result in unnecessary antenna
switching. This is prevented by appointing a priority
antenna. The selection of an antenna without priority
results in the audio offset being decreased by 1.2 V such
that the audio comparator will have a HIGH output voltage.
During the period of memory timing the offset increases
towards the normal offset value. Should level alterations
occur during this period another antenna will be selected.
If, however, the memory is timed-out without the
occurrence of signal variation, priority will be appointed to
the selected antenna. Thus a priority antenna will be
selected for the majority of the time during reception of
almost all similarly weak antenna signals.

Mute

A mute function should not precede the circuit. This
function is therefore assumed by the TEA6101. When
used in combination with the TEA6100 the 20 kΩ input of
the IF IC together with the 6 kΩ output resistor of the
TEA6101 cause an attenuation of 3 dB. The mute circuit
therefore has 3 dB amplification of level voltages in excess
of 2.75 V.

May 1992 5

Philips Semiconductors Objective specification

Antenna diversity circuit TEA6101/T

Mode selection

The diversity system is intended for FM reception. To
avoid an audible disturbance if it is used with an AM
system, the circuit can be reset. In the reset mode antenna
1 (pin 17 (19)) is selected and both comparators are
switched off to prevent pulses reaching the output.

For FM search tuning the diversity system may be similarly

Test pin

Although intended for test purposes the test pin can be
used to increase the audio offset (resistor from pin 10 (12)
to ground) or to change the compensation factor (resistor
between pin 8 (8) and 10 (12)). These modifications permit
the behaviour of the antenna switch to be adapted to
alternative IF amplifier IC's.

disabled. The selected antenna will again be retained with
the comparators being inhibited.

LIMITING VALUES

In accordance with the absolute maximum system (IEC 134)

SYMBOL PARAMETER MIN. MAX. UNIT

V

P

P

tot

T

amb

T

stg

positive supply voltage 0 12 V
total power dissipation − see Fig.3
operating ambient temperature range −30 +85 °C
storage temperature range −55 +150 °C

THERMAL RESISTANCE

SYMBOL PARAMETER THERMAL RESISTANCE

R
R

th c-a
th c-a

from crystal to ambient (SOT102) 75 K/W
from crystal to ambient (SOT163A) 150 K/W

May 1992 6

Philips Semiconductors Objective specification

Antenna diversity circuit TEA6101/T

DC CHARACTERISTICS

Measurements using application circuit (Fig 1) at T
numbers in parenthesis refer to TEA6101T; all currents positive into the IC unless otherwise specified.

SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITION MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT

V

P

I

P

P

tot

V

pins

positive supply voltage 7.5 8.5 12 V
positive supply current ISO = 0 mA − 14 − mA
total power dissipation − 119 − mW
voltage at pin:
1 (1) − 8.5 − V
2 (2) − 7.8 − V
3 (3) − 3.6 − V
4 (4) − 5.4 − V
5 (5) − 0 − V
6 (6) − 5.3 − V
7 (7) − 0.6 − V
8 (8) − 5.2 − V
9 (9) − 5.4 − V

− (10) − n.c. −

− (11) − n.c. −

10 (12) − 5.1 − V
11 (13) − 5.4 − V
12 (14) − 5.3 − V
13 (15) − 0 − V
14 (16) − 0 − V
15 (17) − 0 − V
16 (18) − 0 − V
17 (19) − 7.5 − V
18 (20) − 0 − V

= 25 °C and VP = 8.5 V. Voltages with respect to pin 18 (20); pin

amb

May 1992 7

Philips Semiconductors Objective specification

Antenna diversity circuit TEA6101/T

AC CHARACTERISTICS

V

= 8.5 V; T

P

SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT

Mute

= 25 °C; unless otherwise specified

amb

OFT MUTE (V

S
Z

I

)

L

input impedance (pin 3 (3)) − 20 − kΩ
MR mute range note 1 17 19.3 − V
V

aud/VI

HARD MUTE (V
V

mute

+I

m

−I

m

THD total harmonic distortion V
V

I(p-p)

mute gain VL = 2.75 V − 2.7 − dB

V

= 1.45 V −1 0.6 2 dB

L

)

MUTE

−60 dB output attenuation − 455 − mV

mute ON sink current V

mute `OFF` source current V

audio input voltage

= 1 V, VL = 0 V − 370 −µA

mute

= 0 V 3 −−µA

mute

= 200 mV; VL = 2.5 V − 0.09 − %

i

THD > 10% − 3 − V

(peak-to-peak value)
(S+N)/N signal-to-noise ratio; measured with

dB(A) curve
V

aud/Vp

ripple rejection note 2; 300 Hz; 100 mV;

V

= 600 mV; 1 kHz;

aud

VL = 3 V

− 95 − dB

28 32 − dB

VL = 2.5 V

V

ref

V

off1

output reference voltage − 5.3 − V

audio comparator offset voltage V

off1

= V

min

− V

ap

with priority − +250 − mV
with no priority

= 0 V −−1100 − mV

V

t

V

= 3 V −−348 − mV

t

Level comparator

V

ref−Vil

t monostable multivibrator time

voltage for high comparator output − 56 − mV

period

started with both
comparator outputs HIGH

16 21 28 µs

Timing/memory

−I

t

C

t

T

t

+I

t

V

t

source current − 30 −µA

value delay capacitor −−50 nF

timing duration Ct = 47 nF − 6 − ms

reset current Vt = 3 V − 17.7 − mA

change of priority antenna − 3.7 − V

Antenna switch outputs

−I
+I

os
os

output source current −−7mA

output sink current −−7mA

May 1992 8

Philips Semiconductors Objective specification

Antenna diversity circuit TEA6101/T

SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT

V

SO

V

NSO

Mode selection

ENABLE

V

r

−I

r

RESET (ACTIVE AT OPEN INPUT)

V

r

STOP

V

r

selected output voltage

I

= −10 mA VP−2V −−V

SO

I

= 0.5 mA VP−1V −−V

SO

not selected output voltage

I

= +10 mA −−0.7 V

SO

I

= 0 mA −−0.1 V

SO

all functions active −−1V

input current Vr = 1 V −−12 µA

voltage at first antenna

4.2 − V

P

V

(pin 17 (19))

keep selected antenna voltage 1.6 − 3.5 V

Notes to the AC characteristics

V

audaVL

1.

----------------------------------------------------­V

audaVL

2. When V

2.0

handbook, halfpage

P

tot

(W)

1.5

1.0

0.5

0

25 25 75 175

(1) SOT102
(2) SOT163A

2.75V=()

0.1V=()

(pin 1 (1)) is filtered with R = 25 Ω and C = 100 µF the ripple rejection becomes 46 dB

P

(1)

(2)

0

Fig.4 Derating curve.

125

MBA540 - 1

T

amb

o

( C)

May 1992 9

Philips Semiconductors Objective specification

Antenna diversity circuit TEA6101/T

PACKAGE OUTLINES

DIP18: plastic dual in-line package; 18 leads (300 mil)

D

seating plane

L

Z

18

pin 1 index

e

b

SOT102-1

M

E

A

2

A

A

1

w M

b

1

b

2

10

E

c

(e )

1

M

H

1

0 5 10 mm

scale

DIMENSIONS (inch dimensions are derived from the original mm dimensions)

A

A

A

UNIT

max.

mm

inches

Note

1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.25 mm maximum per side are not included.

OUTLINE
VERSION

SOT102-1

12

min.

max.

IEC JEDEC EIAJ

b

1.40

1.14

0.055

0.044

b

1

0.53

0.38

0.021

0.015

b

cD E e M

2

0.32

1.40

0.23

1.14

0.013

0.055

0.009

0.044

REFERENCES

21.8

21.4

0.86

0.84

May 1992 10

9

(1) (1)

6.48

6.20

0.26

0.24

L

e

1

M

3.9

8.25

3.4

7.80

0.15

0.32

0.13

0.31

EUROPEAN

PROJECTION

E

0.37

0.33

H

9.5

8.3

w

max.

0.2542.54 7.62

0.854.7 0.51 3.7

0.010.10 0.30

0.0330.19 0.020 0.15

ISSUE DATE

93-10-14
95-01-23

(1)

Z

Philips Semiconductors Objective specification

Antenna diversity circuit TEA6101/T

SO20: plastic small outline package; 20 leads; body width 7.5 mm

D

c

y

Z

20

pin 1 index

1

e

11

A

2

10

w M

b

p

SOT163-1

E

H

E

Q

A

1

L

p

L

detail X

(A )

A

X

v M

A

A

3

θ

0 5 10 mm

scale

DIMENSIONS (inch dimensions are derived from the original mm dimensions)

UNIT

mm

inches

Note

1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.15 mm maximum per side are not included.

A

max.

2.65

0.10

OUTLINE

VERSION

SOT163-1

A

1

0.30

0.10

0.012

0.004

A2A

2.45

2.25

0.096

0.089

IEC JEDEC EIAJ

075E04 MS-013AC

0.25

0.01

b

3

p

0.49

0.32

0.36

0.23

0.019

0.013

0.014

0.009

(1)E(1) (1)

cD

13.0

7.6

7.4

0.30

0.29

1.27

0.050

12.6

0.51

0.49

REFERENCES

May 1992 11

eHELLpQ

10.65

10.00

0.419

0.394

1.4

0.055

0.043

0.016

1.1

0.4

1.1

1.0

0.043

0.039

PROJECTION

0.25

0.25 0.1

0.01

0.01

EUROPEAN

ywv θ

Z

0.9

0.4

0.035

0.004

0.016

ISSUE DATE

95-01-24
97-05-22

o

8

o

0

Philips Semiconductors Objective specification

Antenna diversity circuit TEA6101/T

SOLDERING
Introduction

There is no soldering method that is ideal for all IC
packages. Wave soldering is often preferred when
through-hole and surface mounted components are mixed
on one printed-circuit board. However, wave soldering is
not always suitable for surface mounted ICs, or for
printed-circuits with high population densities. In these
situations reflow soldering is often used.

This text gives a very brief insight to a complex technology.
A more in-depth account of soldering ICs can be found in
our

“IC Package Databook”

(order code 9398 652 90011).

DIP

SOLDERING BY DIPPING OR BY WAVE
The maximum permissible temperature of the solder is

260 °C; solder at this temperature must not be in contact
with the joint for more than 5 seconds. The total contact
time of successive solder waves must not exceed
5 seconds.

The device may be mounted up to the seating plane, but
the temperature of the plastic body must not exceed the
specified maximum storage temperature (T

stg max

). If the
printed-circuit board has been pre-heated, forced cooling
may be necessary immediately after soldering to keep the
temperature within the permissible limit.

R

EPAIRING SOLDERED JOINTS

Apply a low voltage soldering iron (less than 24 V) to the
lead(s) of the package, below the seating plane or not
more than 2 mm above it. If the temperature of the
soldering iron bit is less than 300 °C it may remain in
contact for up to 10 seconds. If the bit temperature is
between 300 and 400 °C, contact may be up to 5 seconds.

SO

REFLOW SOLDERING
Reflow soldering techniques are suitable for all SO

packages.

Several techniques exist for reflowing; for example,
thermal conduction by heated belt. Dwell times vary
between 50 and 300 seconds depending on heating
method. Typical reflow temperatures range from
215 to 250 °C.

Preheating is necessary to dry the paste and evaporate
the binding agent. Preheating duration: 45 minutes at
45 °C.

AVE SOLDERING

W
Wave soldering techniques can be used for all SO

packages if the following conditions are observed:

• A double-wave (a turbulent wave with high upward
pressure followed by a smooth laminar wave) soldering
technique should be used.

• The longitudinal axis of the package footprint must be
parallel to the solder flow.

• The package footprint must incorporate solder thieves at
the downstream end.

During placement and before soldering, the package must
be fixed with a droplet of adhesive. The adhesive can be
applied by screen printing, pin transfer or syringe
dispensing. The package can be soldered after the
adhesive is cured.

Maximum permissible solder temperature is 260 °C, and
maximum duration of package immersion in solder is
10 seconds, if cooled to less than 150 °C within
6 seconds. Typical dwell time is 4 seconds at 250 °C.

A mildly-activated flux will eliminate the need for removal
of corrosive residues in most applications.

R

EPAIRING SOLDERED JOINTS

Fix the component by first soldering two diagonally­opposite end leads. Use only a low voltage soldering iron
(less than 24 V) applied to the flat part of the lead. Contact
time must be limited to 10 seconds at up to 300 °C. When
using a dedicated tool, all other leads can be soldered in
one operation within 2 to 5 seconds between
270 and 320 °C.

Reflow soldering requires solder paste (a suspension of
fine solder particles, flux and binding agent) to be applied
to the printed-circuit board by screen printing, stencilling or
pressure-syringe dispensing before package placement.

May 1992 12

Philips Semiconductors Objective specification

Antenna diversity circuit TEA6101/T

DEFINITIONS

Data sheet status

Objective specification This data sheet contains target or goal specifications for product development.
Preliminary specification This data sheet contains preliminary data; supplementary data may be published later.
Product specification This data sheet contains final product specifications.

Limiting values

Limiting values given are in accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134). Stress above one or
more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation
of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given in the Characteristics sections of the specification
is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability.

Application information

Where application information is given, it is advisory and does not form part of the specification.

LIFE SUPPORT APPLICATIONS

These products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices, or systems where malfunction of these
products can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Philips customers using or selling these products for
use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Philips for any damages resulting from such
improper use or sale.

May 1992 13