Datasheet TEA1205AT Datasheet (Philips)

Page 1
INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
DATA SH EET
TEA1205AT
High efficiency DC/DC converter
Preliminary specification File under Integrated Circuits, IC03
1998 Mar 24
Page 2
High efficiency DC/DC converter TEA1205AT

FEATURES

Fully integrated DC/DC converter circuit
Up conversion in 2 different modes
High efficiency over wide load range
Synchronizes to external high frequency clock
Output power up to 3.6 W (typ.) continuous, 8 W in GSM
burst mode
Low quiescent power consumption
True current limit for Li-ion battery compatibility
Shut-down function
8-pin SO package.

APPLICATIONS

Cellular and cordless phones PDAs and others
Supply voltage source for low-voltage chip sets
Portable computers
Battery backup supplies
Cameras.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

The TEA1205AT (see Fig.1) is a fully integrated DC/DC converter circuit using the minimum amount of external components. It is intended to be used to supply electronic circuits with supply voltages of 3.3 or 5.5 V from 2, 3 or 4 NiCd cell batteries or one Li-ion battery at an output power level up to 3.6 W (typ.) continuously, or 8 W in GSM TDMA (1 : 8) burst mode. The switching frequency of the converter can be synchronized to an external high-frequency clock. Efficient, compact and dynamic power conversion is achieved using a novel, digitally controlled Pulse Width and Frequency Modulation (PWFM) like control concept, integrated low R power switches with low parasitic capacitances and synchronous rectification.
dsON
CMOS

ORDERING INFORMATION

TYPE NUMBER
NAME DESCRIPTION VERSION
TEA1205AT SO8 plastic small outline package; 8 leads; body width 3.9 mm SOT96-1
PACKAGE
1998 Mar 24 2
Page 3
Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification
High efficiency DC/DC converter TEA1205AT

QUICK REFERENCE DATA

SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT
Supplies
V
O
V
start
Efficiency; see Figs 6 and 7 η efficiency
Current levels
I
q
I
SHDWN
I
limN
I
lx
Power MOSFETS
R
dsON(N)
R
dsON(P)
Timing
f
sw
t
res
f
sync
output voltage VSEL = LOW 5.23 5.55 5.85 V
VSEL = HIGH 3.13 3.34 3.54 V
start-up voltage 1.6 2.0 2.2 V
up from 2.4 to 3.3 V 1 mA < I up from 3.6 to 5.5 V 1 mA < I
<1.0A 809095%
L
<1.0A 839094%
L
quiescent current at pin 3 50 60 70 µA shut-down current 210µA NFET current limit note 1 0.9 I
limIlim
1.1 I
lim
A
max. continuous current at pin 5 −−1.0 A
pin-to-pin resistance NFET 0.08 0.12 0.20 pin-to-pin resistance PFET 0.10 0.16 0.25
switching frequency 150 200 240 kHz response time from standby to P
max
25 −µs
synchronisation input frequency 13 MHz
Note
1. The NFET current limit is set by an external 1% accurate resistor R The typical maximum instantaneous current is defined as: I
lim
connected between pin 7 and pin 6 (ground).
lim
= 890 V/ R
so the use of R
lim
= 315 will lead to a
lim
typical maximum current value of 2.83 A. The average inductor current during current limit also depends on inductance value and resistive losses in all components in the power path. In normal application and when using R
= 315 , the average inductor current will be limited to 2.3 A typical.
lim
1998 Mar 24 3
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1998 Mar 24 4
handbook, full pagewidth

BLOCK DIAGRAM

High efficiency DC/DC converter TEA1205AT
Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification
5
LX
I/V
CONVERTER
N-type
POWER
FET
GND
sense
FET
ILIM
P-type POWER FET
CONTROL LOGIC
I
IimN
TEMPERATURE
PROTECTION
20 MHz
OSCILLATOR
16278
VSEL SYNC
MODE GEARBOX
START-UP
CIRCUIT
AND
ROM
DIGITAL CONTROLLER
SHDWN
TIME
COUNTER
TEA1205AT
BANDGAP
REFERENCE
3
OUT
4
SENSE
MGM696
Fig.1 Block diagram.
Page 5
Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification
High efficiency DC/DC converter TEA1205AT

PINNING

SYMBOL PIN DESCRIPTION
VSEL 1 output voltage selection input SYNC 2 synchronisation clock input OUT 3 output voltage output SENSE 4 output voltage sense input LX 5 inductor connection GND 6 ground ILIM 7 current limit resistor connection SHDWN 8 shut-down input
handbook, halfpage
1
VSEL SHDWN
2
SYNC ILIM
OUT GND
SENSE LX
TEA1205AT
3 4
8 7 6 5
MGM697
Fig.2 Pin configuration.
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Control mechanism
The TEA1205AT DC/DC converter is able to operate in discontinuous or continuous conduction operation. All switching actions are completely determined by a digital control circuit which uses the output voltage level as its control input. This novel digital approach enables the use of a new pulse width and frequency modulation scheme, which ensures optimum power efficiency over the complete range of operation of the converter. The scheme works as follows. At low output power, a very small current pulse is generated in the inductor, and the pulse rate varies with a varying load. When the output voltage drops below a specific limit, which indicates that the converter’s current capability is not sufficient, the digital controller switches to the next state of operation. The peak current in the inductor is made higher, and the pulse rate can again vary with a varying load. A third operation state is available for again higher currents.
When high output power is requested, the device starts operating in continuous conduction mode. This results in minimum AC currents in the circuit components and hence optimum efficiency, cost, and EMC. In this mode, the output voltage is allowed to vary between two predefined voltage levels. As long as the output voltage stays within this so-called window, switching continues in a fixed pattern. When the output voltage reaches one of the window borders, the digital controller immediately reacts by adjusting the pulse width and inserting a current step in such a way that the output voltage stays within the window with higher or lower current capability. This approach enables very fast reaction to load variations. Figure 3 shows the various coil current waveforms for low and high current capability in each power conversion mode.
Figure 4 shows the converter’s response to a sudden load increase. The upper trace shows the output voltage.
The ripple on top of the DC level is a result of the current in the output capacitor, which changes in sign twice per cycle, times the capacitor’s internal Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR). After each ramp-down of the inductor current, i.e. when the ESR effect increases the output voltage, the converter determines what to do in the next cycle. As soon as more load current is taken from the output the output voltage starts to decay. When the output voltage becomes lower than the low limit of the window, a corrective action is taken by a ramp-up of the inductor current during a much longer time. As a result, the DC current level is increased and normal continuous conduction mode can continue. The output voltage (including ESR effect) is again within the predefined window.
Figure 5 depicts the spread of the output voltage window. The absolute value is most dependent on spread, while the actual window size is not affected. For one specific device, the output voltage will not vary more than 4%.

Start-up

A possible deadlock situation in boost configuration can occur after a sequence of disconnecting and reconnecting the input voltage source. If, after disconnection of the input source, the output voltage falls below 2.0 V, the device may not restart properly after reconnection of the input source, and may take continuous current from the input.
An external circuit to prevent the deadlock situation is shown in Chapter “Application information”.

Shut-down

When the shut-down pin is made HIGH, the converter disables both switches and power consumption is reduced to a few µA.
1998 Mar 24 5
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Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification
High efficiency DC/DC converter TEA1205AT

Synchronisation function

In continuous conduction mode, the converter switching frequency is synchronized to the signal at the SYNC input, provided that this signal is present and its frequency is 13 MHz. The switching frequency will than be 26 times smaller than the applied input frequency at the sync pin. If no sync signal is applied (Sync pin H or L), the converter’s switching frequency will be around 203 kHz, equally to behaviour at 13 MHz sync input frequency, but with a larger tolerance. When this function is not used, the SYNC pin must be tied to pin 3 or pin 6.

Power switches

The power switches in the IC are one N-type and one P-type MOSFET, having a typical pin-to-pin resistance of
0.12 and 0.16 respectively. The maximum average
current in the switches is 1.0 A.

Temperature protection

At too high device temperature (typical 165 °C), the converter stops operating. It resumes operation when the device temperature falls below 165 °C again. As a result, low-frequent cycling between on and off state will occur. It should be noted that in the event of device temperatures around the cut-off limit, the application differs strongly from maximum specifications.
Behaviour at input voltage exceeding the specified range
In general, an input voltage exceeding the specified range is not recommended since instability may occur. However, at an input voltage equal to or higher than the target output voltage plus the diode voltage drop, but lower than 6 V, the converter will stop switching and the external schottky diode will take over, resulting in V
equalling Vi minus the
o
diode voltage drop (see Fig.8).
handbook, halfpage
low power mode
medium power mode 1
medium power mode 2
low DC current
increasing
load

Current limit

If the current in the N-type power switch exceeds the limit which is set by the value of the external resistor, current ramping is stopped immediately, and the next switching phase is entered. Current limitation is required to enable optimal use of energy in Li-ion batteries, and to keep power conversion efficient during temporary high loads. Furthermore, current limitation protects the IC against overload conditions, inductor saturation, etc.
1998 Mar 24 6
high DC current
time
MGK924
Fig.3 Coil current waveforms in the various power
modes.
Page 7
Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification
High efficiency DC/DC converter TEA1205AT
handbook, full pagewidth
load increase
V
o
I
L
start corrective action
time
time
high window limit
low window limit
MGK925
Fig.4 Response to load increase.
handbook, full pagewidth
5.85 V
o
(V)
5.66
5.44
5.23
V
4%
h
V
l
maximum positive spread
V
h
+3%
4%
V
l
+3%
maximum negative spreadtypical situation
Fig.5 Output voltage window position at typical, maximum and minimum specification.
1998 Mar 24 7
3%
3%
4%
upper specification limit
V
h
V
l
lower specification limit
MGM698
Page 8
Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification
High efficiency DC/DC converter TEA1205AT

LIMITING VALUES

In accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134).
SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN. MAX. UNIT
V
n
T
j
T
amb
T
stg
V
es
Note
1. Human body model: equivalent to discharging a 100 pF capacitor through a 1.5 k series resistor.

THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS

SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS VALUE UNIT
R
th(j-a)
voltage on any pin shut-down mode 0.2 +6.5 V
operational mode 0.2 +5.9 V junction temperature 25 +150 °C operating ambient temperature 40 +80 °C storage temperature 65 +125 °C electrostatic handling note 1 3000 +3000 V
thermal resistance from junction to ambient in free air 150 K/W

QUALITY SPECIFICATION

In accordance with
“SNW-FQ-611 part E”
Reference Handbook”
. The handbook can be ordered using the code 9397 750 00192.
. The numbers of the quality specification can be found in the
“Quality

CHARACTERISTICS

= 20 to +80 °C; all voltages with respect to ground; positive currents flow into the IC; unless otherwise specified.
T
j
SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT
Supplies
V
O
output voltage VSEL = LOW 5.23 5.55 5.85 V
VSEL = HIGH 3.13 3.34 3.54 V
V
start
start-up voltage 1.6 2.0 2.2 V
Efficiency
η efficiency
up from 2.4 to 3.3 V 1 mA < I up from 3.6 to 5.5 V 1 mA < I
<1.0A 809095%
L
<1.0A 839094%
L
Current levels
I
q
I
SHDWN
I
limN
I
lx
quiescent current at pin 3 50 60 70 µA shut-down current 210µA NFET current limit note 1 0.9 I
limIlim
1.1 I
lim
A
max. continuous current at pin 5 −−1.0 A
Power MOSFETS
R
dsON(N)
R
dsON(P)
pin-to-pin resistance NFET 0.08 0.12 0.20 pin-to-pin resistance PFET 0.10 0.16 0.25
1998 Mar 24 8
Page 9
Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification
High efficiency DC/DC converter TEA1205AT
SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT
Timing
f
sw
t
res
f
sync
Temperature
T
amb
T
max
Digital levels
V
lL
V
IH
V
IH
V
IH
Sense pin resistance
R
SENSE
switching frequency 150 200 240 kHz response time from standby to
P
max
25 −µs
synchronisation input frequency 13 MHz
operating ambient temperature 20 +25 +80 °C internal cut-off temperature 150 165 180 °C
LOW-level input voltage pins
0 0.4 V
1, 2, 7 and 8 HIGH-level input voltage pin 1 note 2 V3− 0.4 − V3+ 0.3 V HIGH-level input voltage pin 2 notes 2 and 3 2.0 V3+ 0.3 V HIGH-level input voltage pin 8 notes 2 and 3 2.9 V3+ 0.3 V
SENSE pin resistance to GND up to 3.3 V mode 437.2 546.5 655.8 k
up to 5.0 V mode 662.2 827.8 993.4 k
Notes
1. The NFET current limit is set by an external 1% accurate resistor R The typical maximum instantaneous current is defined as: I
lim
connected between pin 7 and pin 6 (ground).
lim
= 890 V/ R
so the use of R
lim
= 315 will lead to a
lim
typical maximum current value of 2.83 A. The average inductor current during current limit also depends on inductance value and resistive losses in all components in the power path. In normal application and when using R
= 315 , the average inductor current will be limited to 2.3 A typical.
lim
2. V3 is the voltage at pin 3 (OUT).
3. If the applied high level is less than V3− 1 V, the quiescent current level of the device will increase. The maximum increase is 300 µA in the event that pin 2 is at 2.0 V.
1998 Mar 24 9
Page 10
Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification
High efficiency DC/DC converter TEA1205AT
100
handbook, full pagewidth
efficiency
(%)
90
80
70
60
50
40
1
10
Using a Coilcraft DO3308P 10 µH inductor and a Sprague 595D 330 µF capacitor. The dotted line represents the Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM) and the solid line the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM).
110 10
PFM
10
Fig.6 Efficiency as a function of load current IL (2.4 to 3.3 V).
2
PWM
IL (mA)
MGM699
3
100
handbook, full pagewidth
efficiency
(%)
90
80
70
60
50
40
1
10
Using a Coilcraft DO3308P 10 µH inductor and a Sprague 595D 330 µF capacitor. The dotted line represents the Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM) and the solid line the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM).
PFM
110 10
10
Fig.7 Efficiency as a function of load current IL (3.6 to 5.5 V).
PWM
2
IL (mA)
MGM700
3
1998 Mar 24 10
Page 11
Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification
High efficiency DC/DC converter TEA1205AT

APPLICATION INFORMATION

handbook, full pagewidth
C1
L1
LX
ILIM
GND VSEL SYNC SHDWN
V
I
Fig.8 Complete application for upconversion.
A typical component choice for an upconverter from 3 NiCd cells or one Li-ion cell to 5.0 V in a GSM handset (peak power 7.5 W, peak current 2.7 A) is (see Fig.8):
L1 = 10 µH; I
> 2.3 A; low DC resistance, e.g.
sat
Coilcraft DO3308-103
C1 = 100 µF; low ESR capacitor; necessity depends on
type of input voltage source
C2 = 330 µF; ESR = 0.1 ; e.g. Sprague 595D series
D1; medium power Schottky diode; e.g. Philips
PRLL5819.
D1
C2
MGM701
V
O
TEA1205AT
R
lim
OUT
SENSE
SHDWN pin. TR1, R1 and R2 should be omitted in that case.
More application information can be found in the associated application note.
For lower power applications, the I
and RDC values of
sat
the inductor can be scaled back by the scaling factor of the output current from the values above. The same holds for the ESR value of the output capacitor. A further improvement is increase of inductance and decrease of output capacitance.
An additional circuit to prevent start-up deadlock in upconversion is shown in Fig.9. The function of TR1, R1 and R2 is to put the converter into shut-down mode when the input source is suddenly disconnected. The circuit operates as follows. When VI is present, TR1 conducts and the SHDWN pin is kept LOW. As soon as VI falls below 1 V, TR1 no longer conducts and the device is put into shut-down before VO falls below 2 V. In the event that a signal is available which indicates the presence of the input voltage source, this signal should be applied to the
1998 Mar 24 11
handbook, halfpage
R2
V
I
2.7 M
V
O
R1 1 M
TR1
Fig.9 External deadlock prevention circuit.
SHDWN
MGK930
Page 12
Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification
High efficiency DC/DC converter TEA1205AT

PACKAGE OUTLINE

SO8: plastic small outline package; 8 leads; body width 3.9 mm
D
c
y
Z
8
pin 1 index
1
e
5
A
2
A
4
w M
b
p

SOT96-1

E
H
E
1
L
detail X
A
X
v M
A
Q
(A )
L
p
A
3
θ
0 2.5 5 mm
scale
DIMENSIONS (inch dimensions are derived from the original mm dimensions)
mm
OUTLINE VERSION
SOT96-1
A
max.
1.75
0.069
A
1
0.25
0.10
0.010
0.004
A2A
1.45
1.25
0.057
0.049
IEC JEDEC EIAJ
076E03S MS-012AA
0.25
0.01
b
3
p
0.49
0.25
0.36
0.19
0.019
0.0100
0.014
0.0075
UNIT
inches
Notes
1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.15 mm maximum per side are not included.
2. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.25 mm maximum per side are not included.
(1)E(2)
cD
5.0
4.8
0.20
0.19
REFERENCES
4.0
3.8
0.16
0.15
1.27
0.050
1998 Mar 24 12
eHELLpQZywv θ
1.05
1.0
0.4
0.039
0.016
0.7
0.6
0.028
0.024
0.25 0.10.25
0.010.010.041 0.004
EUROPEAN
PROJECTION
6.2
5.8
0.244
0.228
(1)
0.7
0.3
0.028
0.012
ISSUE DATE
95-02-04 97-05-22
o
8
o
0
Page 13
Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification
High efficiency DC/DC converter TEA1205AT
SOLDERING Introduction
There is no soldering method that is ideal for all IC packages. Wave soldering is often preferred when through-hole and surface mounted components are mixed on one printed-circuit board. However, wave soldering is not always suitable for surface mounted ICs, or for printed-circuits with high population densities. In these situations reflow soldering is often used.
This text gives a very brief insight to a complex technology. A more in-depth account of soldering ICs can be found in our
“Data Handbook IC26; Integrated Circuit Packages”
(order code 9398 652 90011).
Reflow soldering
Reflow soldering techniques are suitable for all SO packages.
Reflow soldering requires solder paste (a suspension of fine solder particles, flux and binding agent) to be applied to the printed-circuit board by screen printing, stencilling or pressure-syringe dispensing before package placement.
Several techniques exist for reflowing; for example, thermal conduction by heated belt. Dwell times vary between 50 and 300 seconds depending on heating method. Typical reflow temperatures range from 215 to 250 °C.
Preheating is necessary to dry the paste and evaporate the binding agent. Preheating duration: 45 minutes at 45 °C.
Wave soldering
Wave soldering techniques can be used for all SO packages if the following conditions are observed:
A double-wave (a turbulent wave with high upward pressure followed by a smooth laminar wave) soldering technique should be used.
The longitudinal axis of the package footprint must be parallel to the solder flow.
The package footprint must incorporate solder thieves at the downstream end.
During placement and before soldering, the package must be fixed with a droplet of adhesive. The adhesive can be applied by screen printing, pin transfer or syringe dispensing. The package can be soldered after the adhesive is cured.
Maximum permissible solder temperature is 260 °C, and maximum duration of package immersion in solder is 10 seconds, if cooled to less than 150 °C within 6 seconds. Typical dwell time is 4 seconds at 250 °C.
A mildly-activated flux will eliminate the need for removal of corrosive residues in most applications.
Repairing soldered joints
Fix the component by first soldering two diagonally­opposite end leads. Use only a low voltage soldering iron (less than 24 V) applied to the flat part of the lead. Contact time must be limited to 10 seconds at up to 300 °C. When using a dedicated tool, all other leads can be soldered in one operation within 2 to 5 seconds between 270 and 320 °C.
1998 Mar 24 13
Page 14
Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification
High efficiency DC/DC converter TEA1205AT

DEFINITIONS

Data sheet status
Objective specification This data sheet contains target or goal specifications for product development. Preliminary specification This data sheet contains preliminary data; supplementary data may be published later. Product specification This data sheet contains final product specifications.
Limiting values
Limiting values given are in accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134). Stress above one or more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given in the Characteristics sections of the specification is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Application information
Where application information is given, it is advisory and does not form part of the specification.

LIFE SUPPORT APPLICATIONS

These products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices, or systems where malfunction of these products can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Philips customers using or selling these products for use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Philips for any damages resulting from such improper use or sale.
1998 Mar 24 14
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Philips Semiconductors Preliminary specification
High efficiency DC/DC converter TEA1205AT
NOTES
1998 Mar 24 15
Page 16
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Switzerland: Allmendstrasse 140, CH-8027 ZÜRICH, Tel. +41 1 488 2686, Fax. +41 1 488 3263
Taiwan: Philips Semiconductors, 6F, No. 96, Chien Kuo N. Rd., Sec. 1, TAIPEI, Taiwan Tel. +886 2 2134 2865, Fax. +886 2 2134 2874
Thailand: PHILIPS ELECTRONICS (THAILAND) Ltd., 209/2 Sanpavuth-Bangna Road Prakanong, BANGKOK 10260, Tel. +66 2 745 4090, Fax. +66 2 398 0793
Turkey: Talatpasa Cad. No. 5, 80640 GÜLTEPE/ISTANBUL, Tel. +90 212 279 2770, Fax. +90 212 282 6707
Ukraine: PHILIPS UKRAINE, 4 Patrice Lumumba str., Building B, Floor 7, 252042 KIEV, Tel. +380 44 264 2776, Fax. +380 44 268 0461
United Kingdom: Philips Semiconductors Ltd., 276 Bath Road, Hayes, MIDDLESEX UB3 5BX, Tel. +44 181 730 5000, Fax. +44 181 754 8421
United States: 811 East Arques Avenue, SUNNYVALE, CA 94088-3409, Tel. +1 800 234 7381
Uruguay: see South America Vietnam: see Singapore Yugoslavia: PHILIPS, Trg N. Pasica 5/v, 11000 BEOGRAD,
Tel. +381 11 625 344, Fax.+381 11 635 777
For all other countries apply to: Philips Semiconductors, International Marketing & Sales Communications, Building BE-p, P.O. Box 218, 5600 MD EINDHOVEN, The Netherlands, Fax. +31 40 27 24825
© Philips Electronics N.V. 1998 SCA57 All rights are reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without the prior written consent of the copyright owner.
The information presented in this document does not form part of any quotation or contract, is believed to be accurate and reliable and may be changed without notice. No liability will be accepted by the publisher for any consequence of its use. Publication thereof does not convey nor imply any license under patent- or other industrial or intellectual property rights.
Internet: http://www.semiconductors.philips.com
Printed in The Netherlands 415102/1200/01/pp16 Date of release: 1998 Mar 24 Document order number: 9397 750 03344
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