Monocular Polarizing Microscope
3B SCIENTIFIC® PHYSICS
Monocular Polarisation Microscope 1012403
Instruction Manual
08/13 ALF
1 Eyepiece
2 Tube
3 Analyser
4 Revolver with objectives
5 Specimen clips
6 Object stage
7 Condenser control
8 Condensor with iris diaphragm,
filter holder and polariser
9 Lamp housing
10 Illumination control
11 Mains switch
12 Coarse and fine movement
controls with holding brake
13 Lock screw for object stage
14 Stand
15 Head lock screw
1. Safety notes
• For power supply use only electrical sockets
with ground contact.
Caution! The Stirling engine becomes hot during
use. Risk of burns!
• Do not touch the lamp during or immediately
after use.
2. Description, technical data
The monocular polarisation microscope allows
two-dimensional viewing of objects (thin sections of rock, plant or animal specimen) in 40x to
400x magnification in polarised light.
Stand: Robust, all metal stand with arm permanently connected to the base. Focussing by
means of separate knobs for coarse and fine
adjustment located on either side of the stand
and operated by rack and pinion drive with ball
bearings and retaining lever, adjustable stopper
for protecting the object slides and objective.
Tube: Monocular inclined 30°, head rotation 360°
Polarisation equipment: Polariser with scale
and analyser, which can be inserted into the tube
Eyepiece: Wide field eyepiece WF 10x 18 mm
Objectives: Inverted objective revolver with 3
achromatic objectives 4x / 0.10, 10x / 0.25, 40x /
0.65
Magnification: 40x, 100x, 400x
Object stage: Circular object stage 120 mm in
diameter, which can be rotated 360°, scale with
Vernier and 2 specimen clips
Illumination: Adjustable 6 V, 20 W halogen
lamp incorporated into the base, universal 85 to
265 V, 50/60 Hz power supply
Condenser: Abbe condenser N.A.1.25 NA 0.65
with iris diaphragm , filter holder and blue filter,
focussed via rack and pinion drive
Dimensions: 240 x 190 x 385 mm³ approx.
Weight: 5.5 kg approx.
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3. Unpacking and assembly
The microscope is packed in a molded styrofoam container.
• Take the container out of the carton remove
the tape and carefully lift the top half off the
container. Be careful not to let the optical
items (objectives and eyepieces) drop down.
• To avoid condensation on the optical com-
ponents, leave the microscope in the original
packing to allow it to adjust to room temperature.
• Using both hands (one around the pillar and
one around the base), lift the microscope
from the container and put it on a stable
desk.
• The objectives will be found within individual
protective vials. Install the objectives into the
microscope nosepiece from the lowest
magnification to the highest, in a clockwise
direction from the rear.
• Put the head onto the top of the stand and
tighten the head-lock-screw. Insert the eyepiece into the tube.
• Insert the analyser into the slot on the re-
volving nosepiece.
• Insert the condensor with polariser and tigh-
ten the lock-screw.
4. Operation
4.1 General information
• Set the microscope on a level table.
• Place the object to be observed in the centre
of the specimen stage. Use the clips to fasten it into place.
• Connect the mains cable to the net and turn
on the switch to get the object illuminated.
• Make certain that the specimen is centered
over the opening in the stage.
• To obtain a high contrast, adjust the back-
ground illumination by means of the iris diaphragm and the variable illumination control.
• Rotate the nosepiece until the objective with
the lowest magnification is pointed at the
specimen. There is a definite “click” when
each objective is lined up properly.
NOTE: It is best to begin with the lowest power
objective. This is important to reveal general
structural details with the largest field of view
first. Than you may increase the magnification
as needed to reveal small details.
To determine the magnification at which you are
viewing a specimen, multiply the power of the
eyepiece by the power of the objective.
• Adjust the holding brake to give a suitable
degree of tightness in the focusing mechanism.
• Adjust the coarse-focusing-knob which
moves the stage up until the specimen is focused. Be careful that the objective does not
make contact with the slide at any time. This
may cause damage to the objective and/or
crack your slide.
• Adjust the fine-focusing-knob to get the im-
age more sharp and more clear.
• Colour filters may be inserted into the filter
holder for definition of specimen parts.
Swing the filter holder out and insert colour
filters.
• Always turn off the light immediately after
use.
• Be careful not to spill any liquids on the mi-
croscope.
• Do not mishandle or impose unnecessary
force on the microscope.
• Do not wipe the optics with your hands.
• Do not attempt to service the microscope
yourself.
4.2 Using the polarisation equipment
• Insert the analyser into the slot on the re-
volving nosepiece.
• Rotate the polariser until the planes of the
polariser and the analyser are exa ctly crossed,
so that one sees a black background.
Any object with a doubly-refracting (birefringent)
structure should now appear brightly illuminated
against the dark background. If that does not
occur, it is possible that the direction of light
vibration of the object coincides with the polarisation direction. Whether or not that is the case
can be tested by rotating the polariser or the
specimen itself.
A birefringent object, when rotated continuously,
shows up brightly after each 90° rotation and is
dark between these positions. In contrast, objects that are isotropic and not birefringent remain dark in all positions.
4.3 Changing the lamp and fuse
4.3.1 Changing the lamp
• Turn off the power switch, unplug the mains
plug and let the lamp cool down to avoid being burnt.
• For safety reasons, remove the eyepiece.
• To change the lamp lay the microscope on
its back to reach the lid on the bottom side.
• Loosen screw C of the lamp socket and
push it outwards so that it is in the position
shown in Fig.1.
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