ZyXEL GS-2024 User Manual
GS-2024
Layer 2 Ethernet Switch
User’s Guide
Version 3.80
06/2008
Edition 1
DEFAULT LOGIN
IP Address http://192.168.0.1 (Out-of-band MGMT port)
http://192.168.1.1 (In-band ports)
User Name admin
Password 1234
www.zyxel.com
About This User's Guide
About This User's Guide
Intended Audience
This manual is intended for people who want to configure the Switch using the web
configurator or via commands. You should have at least a basic knowledge of TCP/IP
networking concepts and topology.
Related Documentation
• Web Configurator Online Help
Embedded web help for descriptions of individual screens and supplementary
information.
" It is recommended you use the web configurator to configure the Switch.
• Supporting Disc
Refer to the included CD for support documents.
• ZyXEL Web Site
Please refer to www.zyxel.com
certifications.
User Guide Feedback
Help us help you. Send all User Guide-related comments, questions or suggestions for
improvement to the following address, or use e-mail instead. Thank you!
The Technical Writing Team,
ZyXEL Communications Corp.,
6 Innovation Road II,
Science-Based Industrial Park,
Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
E-mail: techwriters@zyxel.com.tw
Disclaimer
Graphics in this book may differ slightly from the product due to differences in operating
systems, operating system versions, or if you installed updated firmware/software for your
device. Every effort has been made to ensure that the information in this manual is accurate.
for additional support documentation and product
GS-2024 User’s Guide
3
Document Conventions
Document Conventions
Warnings and Notes
These are how warnings and notes are shown in this User’s Guide.
1 Warnings tell you about things that could harm you or your device.
" Notes tell you other important information (for example, other things you may
need to configure or helpful tips) or recommendations.
Syntax Conventions
• The XGS-4528F may be referred to as the “Switch”, the “device”, the “system” or the
“product” in this User’s Guide.
• Product labels, screen names, field labels and field choices are all in bold font.
• A key stroke is denoted by square brackets and uppercase text, for example, [ENTER]
means the “enter” or “return” key on your keyboard.
• “Enter” means for you to type one or more characters and then press the [ENTER] key.
“Select” or “choose” means for you to use one of the predefined choices.
• A right angle bracket ( > ) within a screen name denotes a mouse click. For example,
Maintenance > Log > Log Setting means you first click Maintenance in the navigation
panel, then the Log sub menu and finally the Log Setting tab to get to that screen.
• Units of measurement may denote the “metric” value or the “scientific” value. For
example, “k” for kilo may denote “1000” or “1024”, “M” for mega may denote “1000000”
or “1048576” and so on.
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GS-2024 User’s Guide
Document Conventions
Icons Used in Figures
Figures in this User’s Guide may use the following generic icons. The Switch icon is not an
exact representation of your device.
The Switch Computer Notebook computer
Server DSLAM Firewall
Telephone Switch Router
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Safety Warnings
Safety Warnings
1 For your safety, be sure to read and follow all warning notices and instructions.
• Do NOT use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming
pool.
• Do NOT expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids.
• Do NOT store things on the device.
• Do NOT install, use, or service this device during a thunderstorm. There is a remote risk
of electric shock from lightning.
• Connect ONLY suitable accessories to the device.
• Do NOT open the device or unit. Opening or removing covers can expose you to
dangerous high voltage points or other risks. ONLY qualified service personnel should
service or disassemble this device. Please contact your vendor for further information.
• Make sure to connect the cables to the correct ports.
• Place connecting cables carefully so that no one will step on them or stumble over them.
• Always disconnect all cables from this device before servicing or disassembling.
• Use ONLY an appropriate power adaptor or cord for your device. Connect it to the right
supply voltage (for example, 110V AC in North America or 230V AC in Europe).
• Do NOT allow anything to rest on the power adaptor or cord and do NOT place the
product where anyone can walk on the power adaptor or cord.
• Do NOT use the device if the power adaptor or cord is damaged as it might cause
electrocution.
• If the power adaptor or cord is damaged, remove it from the device and the power source.
• Do NOT attempt to repair the power adaptor or cord. Contact your local vendor to order a
new one.
• Do not use the device outside, and make sure all the connections are indoors. There is a
remote risk of electric shock from lightning.
• Do NOT obstruct the device ventilation slots, as insufficient airflow may harm your
device.
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GS-2024 User’s Guide
This product is recyclable. Dispose of it properly.
Safety Warnings
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7
Safety Warnings
8
GS-2024 User’s Guide
Contents Overview
Contents Overview
Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 27
Getting to Know Your Switch ..................................................................................................... 29
Hardware Installation and Connection ....................................................................................... 33
Hardware Overview ................................................................................................................... 37
Basic Configuration ...............................................................................................................43
The Web Configurator ............................................................................................................... 45
Initial Setup Example ................................................................................................................. 53
System Status and Port Statistics ..............................................................................................57
Basic Setting ............................................................................................................................. 63
Advanced Setup .....................................................................................................................75
VLAN ......................................................................................................................................... 77
Static MAC Forward Setup ........................................................................................................ 89
Spanning Tree Protocol ............................................................................................................. 91
Bandwidth Control ................................................................................................................... 105
Broadcast Storm Control ......................................................................................................... 107
Mirroring .................................................................................................................................. 109
Link Aggregation .......................................................................................................................111
Port Authentication ...................................................................................................................117
Port Security ............................................................................................................................ 121
Queuing Method ...................................................................................................................... 123
Multicast .................................................................................................................................. 125
Authentication & Accounting ....................................................................................................139
Loop Guard .............................................................................................................................. 153
IP Application ....................................................................................................................... 157
Static Route ............................................................................................................................. 159
Differentiated Services ............................................................................................................. 163
DHCP ...................................................................................................................................... 167
Management ......................................................................................................................... 173
Maintenance ............................................................................................................................ 175
Access Control ........................................................................................................................ 181
Diagnostic ................................................................................................................................ 199
Syslog ...................................................................................................................................... 201
Cluster Management ............................................................................................................... 205
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Contents Overview
MAC Table ................................................................................................................................211
ARP Table ................................................................................................................................ 213
Configure Clone ....................................................................................................................... 215
Troubleshooting & Product Specifications .......................................................................217
Troubleshooting ....................................................................................................................... 219
Product Specifications ............................................................................................................. 223
Appendices and Index ......................................................................................................... 231
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GS-2024 User’s Guide
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
About This User's Guide ..........................................................................................................3
Document Conventions............................................................................................................4
Safety Warnings........................................................................................................................6
Contents Overview ...................................................................................................................9
Table of Contents.................................................................................................................... 11
List of Figures ......................................................................................................................... 19
List of Tables...........................................................................................................................23
Part I: Introduction................................................................................. 27
Chapter 1
Getting to Know Your Switch................................................................................................. 29
1.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 29
1.1.1 Backbone Application ................................................................................................. 29
1.1.2 Bridging Example ....................................................................................................... 30
1.1.3 High Performance Switching Example ....................................................................... 30
1.1.4 IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Application Examples ................................................................ 31
1.2 Ways to Manage the Switch ................................................................................................ 31
1.3 Good Habits for Managing the Switch ................................................................................. 32
Chapter 2
Hardware Installation and Connection .................................................................................33
2.1 Freestanding Installation ..................................................................................................... 33
2.2 Mounting the Switch on a Rack .......................................................................................... 34
2.2.1 Rack-mounted Installation Requirements .................................................................. 34
2.2.2 Attaching the Mounting Brackets to the Switch .......................................................... 34
2.2.3 Mounting the Switch on a Rack .................................................................................. 35
Chapter 3
Hardware Overview................................................................................................................. 37
3.1 Front Panel Connections .................................................................................................... 37
3.1.1 1000Base-T Ports ...................................................................................................... 38
3.1.2 Dual Personality Interfaces ........................................................................................ 38
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Table of Contents
3.1.3 Console Port ............................................................................................................. 40
3.1.4 Management Port ....................................................................................................... 40
3.2 Rear Panel ........................................................................................................................... 40
3.2.1 Power Connector ....................................................................................................... 41
3.3 LEDs ................................................................................................................................ 41
Part II: Basic Configuration................................................................... 43
Chapter 4
The Web Configurator ............................................................................................................45
4.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 45
4.2 System Login .................................................................................................................... 45
4.3 The Status Screen .......................................................................................................... 46
4.3.1 Change Your Password .......................................................................................... 50
4.4 Saving Your Configuration ................................................................................................... 50
4.5 Switch Lockout .................................................................................................................. 51
4.6 Resetting the Switch ......................................................................................................... 51
4.6.1 Reload the Configuration File .................................................................................... 51
4.7 Logging Out of the Web Configurator ................................................................................. 52
4.8 Help .................................................................................................................................... 52
Chapter 5
Initial Setup Example..............................................................................................................53
5.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 53
5.1.1 Creating a VLAN ........................................................................................................ 53
5.1.2 Setting Port VID .........................................................................................................54
5.1.3 Configuring Switch Management IP Address ............................................................. 55
Chapter 6
System Status and Port Statistics.........................................................................................57
6.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 57
6.2 Port Status Summary ...................................................................................................... 57
6.2.1 Status: Port Details ................................................................................................58
Chapter 7
Basic Setting .......................................................................................................................... 63
7.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 63
7.2 System Information ........................................................................................................... 63
7.3 General Setup ................................................................................................................. 65
7.4 Introduction to VLANs ......................................................................................................... 67
7.5 Switch Setup Screen ........................................................................................................ 67
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Table of Contents
7.6 IP Setup ............................................................................................................................ 69
7.6.1 IP Interfaces ............................................................................................................... 69
7.7 Port Setup ........................................................................................................................... 72
Part III: Advanced Setup........................................................................ 75
Chapter 8
VLAN ........................................................................................................................................ 77
8.1 Introduction to IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLANs .................................................................. 77
8.1.1 Forwarding Tagged and Untagged Frames ................................................................ 77
8.2 Automatic VLAN Registration ............................................................................................. 78
8.2.1 GARP ......................................................................................................................... 78
8.2.2 GVRP ......................................................................................................................... 78
8.3 Port VLAN Trunking ............................................................................................................ 79
8.4 Select the VLAN Type ........................................................................................................ 79
8.5 Static VLAN ......................................................................................................................... 79
8.5.1 Static VLAN Status .................................................................................................... 80
8.5.2 Static VLAN Details ................................................................................................... 80
8.5.3 Configure a Static VLAN ........................................................................................ 81
8.5.4 Configure VLAN Port Settings ................................................................................ 82
8.6 Port-based VLAN Setup .................................................................................................84
8.6.1 Configure a Port-based VLAN ................................................................................... 84
Chapter 9
Static MAC Forward Setup.....................................................................................................89
9.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 89
9.2 Configuring Static MAC Forwarding ............................................................................... 89
Chapter 10
Spanning Tree Protocol..........................................................................................................91
10.1 STP/RSTP Overview .......................................................................................................91
10.1.1 STP Terminology ..................................................................................................... 91
10.1.2 How STP Works ...................................................................................................... 92
10.1.3 STP Port States ....................................................................................................... 92
10.1.4 Multiple STP ............................................................................................................. 93
10.2 Spanning Tree Protocol Status Screen .............................................................................. 95
10.3 Spanning Tree Configuration ............................................................................................ 96
10.4 Configure Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol ....................................................................... 96
10.5 Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol Status .......................................................................... 98
10.6 Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol .................................................................... 99
10.7 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol Status ..................................................................... 102
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Table of Contents
Chapter 11
Bandwidth Control................................................................................................................105
11.1 Bandwidth Control Overview .......................................................................................... 105
11.2 Bandwidth Control Setup ................................................................................................. 105
Chapter 12
Broadcast Storm Control .....................................................................................................107
12.1 Broadcast Storm Control Setup ...................................................................................... 107
Chapter 13
Mirroring ................................................................................................................................ 109
13.1 Port Mirroring Setup ....................................................................................................... 109
Chapter 14
Link Aggregation .................................................................................................................. 111
14.1 Link Aggregation Overview ..............................................................................................111
14.2 Dynamic Link Aggregation ...............................................................................................111
14.2.1 Link Aggregation ID ................................................................................................112
14.3 Link Aggregation Status ...................................................................................................112
14.4 Link Aggregation Setting .................................................................................................113
14.5 Link Aggregation Control Protocol .................................................................................114
14.6 Static Trunking Example ...................................................................................................115
Chapter 15
Port Authentication............................................................................................................... 117
15.1 Port Authentication Overview ..........................................................................................117
15.1.1 IEEE 802.1x Authentication ....................................................................................117
15.2 Port Authentication Configuration .....................................................................................118
15.2.1 Activate IEEE 802.1x Security ............................................................................118
Chapter 16
Port Security..........................................................................................................................121
16.1 About Port Security ......................................................................................................... 121
16.2 Port Security Setup .......................................................................................................... 121
Chapter 17
Queuing Method....................................................................................................................123
17.1 Queuing Method Overview ............................................................................................. 123
17.1.1 Strictly Priority ........................................................................................................ 123
17.1.2 Weighted Round Robin Scheduling (WRR) ........................................................... 123
17.2 Configuring Queuing ........................................................................................................ 124
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Table of Contents
Chapter 18
Multicast ................................................................................................................................125
18.1 Multicast Overview ......................................................................................................... 125
18.1.1 IP Multicast Addresses ........................................................................................... 125
18.1.2 IGMP Filtering ........................................................................................................ 125
18.1.3 IGMP Snooping ..................................................................................................... 125
18.1.4 IGMP Snooping and VLANs ................................................................................... 126
18.2 Multicast Status .............................................................................................................. 126
18.3 Multicast Setting ............................................................................................................. 126
18.4 IGMP Snooping VLAN .................................................................................................... 128
18.5 IGMP Filtering Profile ..................................................................................................... 130
18.6 MVR Overview ................................................................................................................ 131
18.6.1 Types of MVR Ports ............................................................................................... 131
18.6.2 MVR Modes ........................................................................................................... 132
18.6.3 How MVR Works .................................................................................................... 132
18.7 General MVR Configuration ............................................................................................ 132
18.8 MVR Group Configuration .............................................................................................. 134
18.8.1 MVR Configuration Example .................................................................................. 135
Chapter 19
Authentication & Accounting ..............................................................................................139
19.1 Authentication, Authorization and Accounting ................................................................ 139
19.1.1 Local User Accounts .............................................................................................. 139
19.1.2 RADIUS and TACACS+ ........................................................................................ 140
19.2 Authentication and Accounting Screens .......................................................................... 140
19.2.1 RADIUS Server Setup ........................................................................................ 140
19.2.2 TACACS+ Server Setup ..................................................................................... 142
19.2.3 Authentication and Accounting Setup ................................................................ 144
19.2.4 Vendor Specific Attribute ........................................................................................ 147
19.2.5 Tunnel Protocol Attribute ........................................................................................ 148
19.3 Supported RADIUS Attributes ......................................................................................... 148
19.3.1 Attributes Used for Authentication .......................................................................... 149
19.3.2 Attributes Used for Accounting ............................................................................... 149
Chapter 20
Loop Guard............................................................................................................................ 153
20.1 Loop Guard Overview ..................................................................................................... 153
20.2 Loop Guard Setup ........................................................................................................... 155
Part IV: IP Application.......................................................................... 157
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Table of Contents
Chapter 21
Static Route ........................................................................................................................... 159
21.1 Static Routing Overview .................................................................................................. 159
21.2 Configuring Static Routing ............................................................................................. 159
Chapter 22
Differentiated Services.........................................................................................................163
22.1 DiffServ Overview ........................................................................................................... 163
22.1.1 DSCP and Per-Hop Behavior ................................................................................ 163
22.1.2 DiffServ Network Example .................................................................................... 164
22.2 DSCP-to-IEEE 802.1p Priority Settings ...................................................................... 164
22.3 Activating DiffServ .......................................................................................................... 164
Chapter 23
DHCP...................................................................................................................................... 167
23.1 DHCP Overview ............................................................................................................. 167
23.1.1 DHCP Modes ........................................................................................................ 167
23.1.2 DHCP Configuration Options ................................................................................. 167
23.2 DHCP Status ................................................................................................................... 167
23.3 DHCP Relay ................................................................................................................... 168
23.3.1 DHCP Relay Agent Information ............................................................................. 168
23.3.2 Configuring DHCP Global Relay ............................................................................ 169
23.3.3 Global DHCP Relay Configuration Example .......................................................... 170
23.4 Configuring DHCP VLAN Settings ................................................................................ 170
23.4.1 Example: DHCP Relay for Two VLANs .................................................................. 172
Part V: Management............................................................................. 173
Chapter 24
Maintenance .......................................................................................................................... 175
24.1 The Maintenance Screen ............................................................................................... 175
24.2 Load Factory Default ...................................................................................................... 176
24.3 Save Configuration .......................................................................................................... 176
24.4 Reboot System ................................................................................................................ 177
24.5 Firmware Upgrade ........................................................................................................ 177
24.6 Restore a Configuration File ......................................................................................... 178
24.7 Backup a Configuration File ......................................................................................... 178
24.8 FTP Command Line ........................................................................................................ 179
24.8.1 Filename Conventions .......................................................................................... 179
24.8.2 FTP Command Line Procedure ............................................................................ 179
24.8.3 GUI-based FTP Clients .......................................................................................... 180
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Table of Contents
24.8.4 FTP Restrictions .................................................................................................... 180
Chapter 25
Access Control...................................................................................................................... 181
25.1 Access Control Overview ............................................................................................ 181
25.2 The Access Control Main Screen .................................................................................... 181
25.3 About SNMP .................................................................................................................. 182
25.3.1 SNMP v3 and Security ........................................................................................... 183
25.3.2 Supported MIBs ................................................................................................... 183
25.3.3 SNMP Traps .......................................................................................................... 183
25.3.4 Configuring SNMP .............................................................................................. 186
25.3.5 Configuring SNMP Trap Group ........................................................................... 188
25.3.6 Setting Up Login Accounts ................................................................................. 189
25.4 SSH Overview ................................................................................................................. 191
25.5 How SSH works ............................................................................................................... 191
25.6 SSH Implementation on the Switch ................................................................................. 192
25.6.1 Requirements for Using SSH ................................................................................. 192
25.7 Introduction to HTTPS .....................................................................................................192
25.8 HTTPS Example .............................................................................................................. 193
25.8.1 Internet Explorer Warning Messages ..................................................................... 193
25.8.2 Netscape Navigator Warning Messages ................................................................ 194
25.8.3 The Main Screen .................................................................................................... 194
25.9 Service Port Access Control ......................................................................................... 195
25.10 Remote Management ............................................................................................... 196
Chapter 26
Diagnostic.............................................................................................................................. 199
26.1 Diagnostic ....................................................................................................................... 199
Chapter 27
Syslog ....................................................................................................................................201
27.1 Syslog Overview .............................................................................................................. 201
27.2 Syslog Setup .................................................................................................................. 201
27.3 Syslog Server Setup ....................................................................................................... 202
Chapter 28
Cluster Management.............................................................................................................205
28.1 Clustering Management Status Overview ...................................................................... 205
28.2 Cluster Management Status ........................................................................................... 206
28.2.1 Cluster Member Switch Management ................................................................... 207
28.3 Clustering Management Configuration .......................................................................... 208
Chapter 29
MAC Table.............................................................................................................................. 211
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Table of Contents
29.1 MAC Table Overview .......................................................................................................211
29.2 Viewing the MAC Table ................................................................................................... 212
Chapter 30
ARP Table ..............................................................................................................................213
30.1 ARP Table Overview .......................................................................................................213
30.1.1 How ARP Works .................................................................................................... 213
30.2 Viewing the ARP Table ................................................................................................... 213
Chapter 31
Configure Clone....................................................................................................................215
31.1 Configure Clone .............................................................................................................. 215
Part VI: Troubleshooting & Product Specifications.......................... 217
Chapter 32
Troubleshooting....................................................................................................................219
32.1 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs ...................................................................... 219
32.2 Switch Access and Login ................................................................................................. 220
Chapter 33
Product Specifications.........................................................................................................223
Part VII: Appendices and Index .......................................................... 231
Appendix A Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions ......................................233
Appendix B IP Addresses and Subnetting ...........................................................................241
Appendix C Legal Information ..............................................................................................249
Appendix D Customer Support............................................................................................. 253
Index....................................................................................................................................... 259
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List of Figures
List of Figures
Figure 1 Backbone Application .............................................................................................................. 29
Figure 2 Bridging Application ................................................................................................................. 30
Figure 3 High Performance Switched Workgroup Application ............................................................... 30
Figure 4 Shared Server Using VLAN Example ...................................................................................... 31
Figure 5 Attaching Rubber Feet ............................................................................................................ 33
Figure 6 Attaching the Mounting Brackets ............................................................................................. 34
Figure 7 Mounting the Switch on a Rack .............................................................................................. 35
Figure 8 Front Panel .............................................................................................................................. 37
Figure 9 Transceiver Installation Example ............................................................................................. 39
Figure 10 Installed Transceiver ............................................................................................................. 39
Figure 11 Opening the Transceiver’s Latch Example ............................................................................ 40
Figure 12 Transceiver Removal Example .............................................................................................. 40
Figure 13 Rear Panel ............................................................................................................................. 41
Figure 14 Web Configurator: Login ....................................................................................................... 46
Figure 15 Web Configurator Home Screen (Status) .............................................................................. 46
Figure 16 Change Administrator Login Password .................................................................................50
Figure 17 Resetting the Switch: Via the Console Port ........................................................................... 52
Figure 18 Web Configurator: Logout Screen ......................................................................................... 52
Figure 19 Initial Setup Network Example: VLAN ................................................................................... 53
Figure 20 Initial Setup Network Example: Port VID ............................................................................... 54
Figure 21 Initial Setup Example: Management IP Address ................................................................... 55
Figure 22 Status .................................................................................................................................... 57
Figure 23 Status: Port Details ................................................................................................................. 59
Figure 24 Basic Setting > System Info .................................................................................................. 64
Figure 25 Basic Setting > General Setup .............................................................................................. 65
Figure 26 Basic Setting > Switch Setup ................................................................................................ 68
Figure 27 Basic Setting > IP Setup ......................................................................................................... 70
Figure 28 Basic Setting > Port Setup .................................................................................................... 72
Figure 29 Port VLAN Trunking ............................................................................................................... 79
Figure 30 Switch Setup: Select VLAN Type .......................................................................................... 79
Figure 31 Advanced Application > VLAN: VLAN Status ......................................................................... 80
Figure 32 Advanced Application > VLAN > VLAN Detail ........................................................................ 80
Figure 33 Advanced Application > VLAN > Static VLAN ...................................................................... 81
Figure 34 Advanced Application > VLAN > VLAN Port Setting ............................................................. 83
Figure 35 Advanced Application > VLAN > Port Based VLAN Setup (All Connected) .......................... 85
Figure 36 Advanced Application > VLAN: Port Based VLAN Setup (Port Isolation) ............................. 86
Figure 37 Advanced Application > Static MAC Forwarding ................................................................... 89
Figure 38 STP/RSTP Network Example ................................................................................................ 93
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List of Figures
Figure 39 MSTP Network Example ........................................................................................................ 94
Figure 40 MSTIs in Different Regions ................................................................................................... 95
Figure 41 MSTP and Legacy RSTP Network Example ......................................................................... 95
Figure 42 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol .................................................................. 96
Figure 43 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Configuration ......................................... 96
Figure 44 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > RSTP ..................................................... 97
Figure 45 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Status: RSTP ......................................... 99
Figure 46 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > MSTP .................................................. 100
Figure 47 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Status: MSTP ...................................... 103
Figure 48 Advanced Application > Bandwidth Control ........................................................................ 105
Figure 49 Advanced Application > Broadcast Storm Control .............................................................. 107
Figure 50 Advanced Application > Mirroring ........................................................................................ 109
Figure 51 Advanced Application > Link Aggregation Status .................................................................112
Figure 52 Advanced Application > Link Aggregation > Link Aggregation Setting ................................113
Figure 53 Advanced Application > Link Aggregation > Link Aggregation Setting > LACP ...................114
Figure 54 Trunking Example - Physical Connections ............................................................................116
Figure 55 Trunking Example - Configuration Screen .............................................................................116
Figure 56 IEEE 802.1x Authentication Process ....................................................................................118
Figure 57 Advanced Application > Port Authentication ........................................................................118
Figure 58 Advanced Application > Port Authentication > 802.1x .........................................................119
Figure 59 Advanced Application > Port Security ................................................................................. 122
Figure 60 Advanced Application > Queuing Method ........................................................................... 124
Figure 61 Advanced Application > Multicast ........................................................................................ 126
Figure 62 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting ......................................................... 127
Figure 63 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > IGMP Snooping VLAN ................. 129
Figure 64 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > IGMP Filtering Profile ................... 130
Figure 65 MVR Network Example ....................................................................................................... 131
Figure 66 MVR Multicast Television Example ..................................................................................... 132
Figure 67 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > MVR ............................................. 133
Figure 68 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > MVR: Group Configuration ............ 135
Figure 69 MVR Configuration Example ............................................................................................... 136
Figure 70 MVR Configuration Example ............................................................................................... 136
Figure 71 MVR Group Configuration Example ................................................................................... 137
Figure 72 MVR Group Configuration Example .................................................................................... 137
Figure 73 AAA Server .......................................................................................................................... 139
Figure 74 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct ............................................................................... 140
Figure 75 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > RADIUS Server Setup ........................................ 141
Figure 76 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > TACACS+ Server Setup ..................................... 143
Figure 77 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > Auth and Acct Setup .......................................... 145
Figure 78 Loop Guard vs STP .............................................................................................................. 153
Figure 79 Switch in Loop State ............................................................................................................. 154
Figure 80 Loop Guard - Probe Packet .................................................................................................. 154
Figure 81 Loop Guard - Network Loop ................................................................................................. 154
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GS-2024 User’s Guide
List of Figures
Figure 82 Advanced Application > Loop Guard ....................................................................................155
Figure 83 Static Routing Overview ...................................................................................................... 159
Figure 84 IP Application > Static Routing ............................................................................................ 160
Figure 85 DiffServ: Differentiated Service Field .................................................................................... 163
Figure 86 DiffServ Network ................................................................................................................. 164
Figure 87 IP Application > DiffServ ...................................................................................................... 165
Figure 88 IP Application > DHCP Status ............................................................................................. 168
Figure 89 IP Application > DHCP > Global .......................................................................................... 169
Figure 90 Global DHCP Relay Network Example ............................................................................... 170
Figure 91 DHCP Relay Configuration Example ................................................................................... 170
Figure 92 IP Application > DHCP > VLAN ......................................................................................... 171
Figure 93 DHCP Relay for Two VLANs ............................................................................................... 172
Figure 94 DHCP Relay for Two VLANs Configuration Example .......................................................... 172
Figure 95 Management > Maintenance ............................................................................................... 175
Figure 96 Load Factory Default: Start .................................................................................................. 176
Figure 97 Reboot System: Confirmation ............................................................................................. 177
Figure 98 Management > Maintenance > Firmware Upgrade ............................................................. 177
Figure 99 Management > Maintenance > Restore Configuration ........................................................ 178
Figure 100 Management > Maintenance > Backup Configuration ...................................................... 178
Figure 101 Management > Access Control ......................................................................................... 181
Figure 102 SNMP Management Model .............................................................................................. 182
Figure 103 Management > Access Control > SNMP ........................................................................... 186
Figure 104 Management > Access Control > SNMP > Trap Group .................................................... 188
Figure 105 Management > Access Control > Logins .......................................................................... 190
Figure 106 SSH Communication Example ...........................................................................................191
Figure 107 How SSH Works ................................................................................................................. 191
Figure 108 HTTPS Implementation ...................................................................................................... 193
Figure 109 Security Alert Dialog Box (Internet Explorer) ...................................................................... 193
Figure 110 Security Certificate 1 (Netscape) ........................................................................................ 194
Figure 111 Security Certificate 2 (Netscape) ........................................................................................ 194
Figure 112 Example: Lock Denoting a Secure Connection .................................................................. 195
Figure 113 Management > Access Control > Service Access Control ................................................. 195
Figure 114 Management > Access Control > Remote Management ................................................... 196
Figure 115 Management > Diagnostic ................................................................................................. 199
Figure 116 Management > Syslog ....................................................................................................... 202
Figure 117 Management > Syslog > Server Setup .............................................................................. 203
Figure 118 Clustering Application Example ......................................................................................... 206
Figure 119 Management > Cluster Management ................................................................................ 206
Figure 120 Cluster Management: Cluster Member Web Configurator Screen .................................... 207
Figure 121 Example: Uploading Firmware to a Cluster Member Switch ............................................. 208
Figure 122 Management > Clustering Management > Configuration .................................................. 209
Figure 123 MAC Table Flowchart ........................................................................................................ 212
Figure 124 Management > MAC Table ................................................................................................ 212
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List of Figures
Figure 125 Management > ARP Table ................................................................................................ 214
Figure 126 Management > Configure Clone .......................................................................................215
Figure 127 Console/Dial Backup Port Pin Layout ................................................................................ 228
Figure 128 Pop-up Blocker ................................................................................................................... 233
Figure 129 Internet Options: Privacy .................................................................................................... 234
Figure 130 Internet Options: Privacy .................................................................................................... 235
Figure 131 Pop-up Blocker Settings ..................................................................................................... 235
Figure 132 Internet Options: Security ................................................................................................... 236
Figure 133 Security Settings - Java Scripting ....................................................................................... 237
Figure 134 Security Settings - Java ...................................................................................................... 237
Figure 135 Java (Sun) .......................................................................................................................... 238
Figure 136 Mozilla Firefox: Tools > Options ......................................................................................... 239
Figure 137 Mozilla Firefox Content Security ......................................................................................... 239
Figure 138 Network Number and Host ID ............................................................................................ 242
Figure 139 Subnetting Example: Before Subnetting ............................................................................ 244
Figure 140 Subnetting Example: After Subnetting ............................................................................... 245
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List of Tables
List of Tables
Table 1 Front Panel Connections .......................................................................................................... 37
Table 2 LED Descriptions ...................................................................................................................... 41
Table 3 Navigation Panel Sub-links Overview ....................................................................................... 47
Table 4 Web Configurator Screen Sub-links Details .............................................................................. 48
Table 5 Navigation Panel Links ............................................................................................................. 48
Table 6 Status ........................................................................................................................................ 57
Table 7 Status > Port Details ................................................................................................................. 59
Table 8 Basic Setting > System Info ...................................................................................................... 64
Table 9 Basic Setting > General Setup .................................................................................................. 66
Table 10 Basic Setting > Switch Setup .................................................................................................. 68
Table 11 Basic Setting > IP Setup ......................................................................................................... 71
Table 12 Basic Setting > Port Setup ...................................................................................................... 73
Table 13 IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Terminology ............................................................................................ 78
Table 14 Advanced Application > VLAN: VLAN Status .......................................................................... 80
Table 15 Advanced Application > VLAN > VLAN Detail ........................................................................ 81
Table 16 Advanced Application > VLAN > Static VLAN ......................................................................... 82
Table 17 Advanced Application > VLAN > VLAN Port Setting ............................................................... 83
Table 18 Advanced Application > VLAN: Port Based VLAN Setup ....................................................... 86
Table 19 Advanced Application > Static MAC Forwarding ..................................................................... 90
Table 20 STP Path Costs ...................................................................................................................... 92
Table 21 STP Port States ...................................................................................................................... 92
Table 22 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Configuration .......................................... 96
Table 23 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > RSTP ...................................................... 97
Table 24 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Status: RSTP .......................................... 99
Table 25 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > MSTP .................................................... 101
Table 26 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Status: MSTP ........................................ 103
Table 27 Advanced Application > Bandwidth Control .......................................................................... 106
Table 28 Advanced Application > Broadcast Storm Control ................................................................ 108
Table 29 Advanced Application > Mirroring ......................................................................................... 109
Table 30 Link Aggregation ID: Local Switch .........................................................................................112
Table 31 Link Aggregation ID: Peer Switch ..........................................................................................112
Table 32 Advanced Application > Link Aggregation Status ..................................................................112
Table 33 Advanced Application > Link Aggregation > Link Aggregation Setting ..................................113
Table 34 Advanced Application > Link Aggregation > Link Aggregation Setting > LACP .....................115
Table 35 Advanced Application > Port Authentication > 802.1x ...........................................................119
Table 36 Advanced Application > Port Security ................................................................................... 122
Table 37 Advanced Application > Queuing Method ............................................................................. 124
Table 38 Multicast Status ..................................................................................................................... 126
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List of Tables
Table 39 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting ........................................................... 127
Table 40 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > IGMP Snooping VLAN ................... 129
Table 41 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > IGMP Filtering Profile .................... 130
Table 42 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > MVR ............................................... 133
Table 43 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > MVR: Group Configuration ............ 135
Table 44 RADIUS vs TACACS+ .......................................................................................................... 140
Table 45 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > RADIUS Server Setup ......................................... 141
Table 46 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > TACACS+ Server Setup ...................................... 143
Table 47 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > Auth and Acct Setup ............................................ 145
Table 48 Supported VSAs ................................................................................................................... 147
Table 49 Supported Tunnel Protocol Attribute ..................................................................................... 148
Table 50 RADIUS Attributes - Exec Events via Console ..................................................................... 150
Table 51 RADIUS Attributes - Exec Events via Telnet/SSH ................................................................ 150
Table 52 RADIUS Attributes - Exec Events via Console ..................................................................... 150
Table 53 Advanced Application > Loop Guard ....................................................................................155
Table 54 IP Application > Static Routing .............................................................................................. 160
Table 55 Default DSCP-IEEE 802.1p Mapping ................................................................................... 164
Table 56 IP Application > DiffServ ....................................................................................................... 165
Table 57 IP Application > DHCP Status ............................................................................................... 168
Table 58 Relay Agent Information ....................................................................................................... 168
Table 59 IP Application > DHCP > Global ........................................................................................... 169
Table 60 IP Application > DHCP > VLAN ............................................................................................ 171
Table 61 Management > Maintenance ................................................................................................ 175
Table 62 Filename Conventions .......................................................................................................... 179
Table 63 General Commands for GUI-based FTP Clients .................................................................. 180
Table 64 Access Control Overview ...................................................................................................... 181
Table 65 SNMP Commands ................................................................................................................ 182
Table 66 SNMP System Traps ............................................................................................................. 183
Table 67 SNMP Interface Traps ........................................................................................................... 184
Table 68 AAA Traps ............................................................................................................................. 185
Table 69 SNMP IP Traps ..................................................................................................................... 185
Table 70 SNMP Switch Traps .............................................................................................................. 185
Table 71 Management > Access Control > SNMP .............................................................................. 187
Table 72 Management > Access Control > SNMP > Trap Group ........................................................ 189
Table 73 Management > Access Control > Logins .............................................................................. 190
Table 74 Management > Access Control > Service Access Control ................................................... 196
Table 75 Management > Access Control > Remote Management ...................................................... 196
Table 76 Management > Diagnostic .................................................................................................... 199
Table 77 Syslog Severity Levels .......................................................................................................... 201
Table 78 Management > Syslog .......................................................................................................... 202
Table 79 Management > Syslog > Server Setup ................................................................................. 203
Table 80 ZyXEL Clustering Management Specifications ..................................................................... 205
Table 81 Management > Cluster Management .................................................................................... 207
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List of Tables
Table 82 FTP Upload to Cluster Member Example ............................................................................. 208
Table 83 Management > Clustering Management > Configuration ..................................................... 209
Table 84 Management > MAC Table ................................................................................................... 212
Table 85 Management > ARP Table .................................................................................................... 214
Table 86 Management > Configure Clone ........................................................................................... 216
Table 87 Hardware Specifications ....................................................................................................... 223
Table 88 Firmware Specifications ........................................................................................................ 224
Table 89 Switching Specifications ........................................................................................................ 226
Table 90 Standards Supported ............................................................................................................ 227
Table 91 Console/Dial Backup Port Pin Assignments ......................................................................... 229
Table 92 Ethernet Cable Pin Assignments .......................................................................................... 229
Table 93 IP Address Network Number and Host ID Example ............................................................. 242
Table 94 Subnet Masks ....................................................................................................................... 243
Table 95 Maximum Host Numbers ...................................................................................................... 243
Table 96 Alternative Subnet Mask Notation ......................................................................................... 243
Table 97 Subnet 1 ................................................................................................................................ 245
Table 98 Subnet 2 ................................................................................................................................ 246
Table 99 Subnet 3 ................................................................................................................................ 246
Table 100 Subnet 4 .............................................................................................................................. 246
Table 101 Eight Subnets ...................................................................................................................... 246
Table 102 24-bit Network Number Subnet Planning ............................................................................ 247
Table 103 16-bit Network Number Subnet Planning ............................................................................ 247
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List of Tables
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GS-2024 User’s Guide
PART I
Introduction
Getting to Know Your Switch (29)
Hardware Installation and Connection (33)
Hardware Overview (37)
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CHAPTER 1
Getting to Know Your Switch
This chapter introduces the main features and applications of the Switch.
1.1 Introduction
Your Switch is a stand-alone, layer-2, Ethernet switch with 24 100/1000 Mbps Ethernet ports,
two mini-GBIC (SFP, Small Form-factor Pluggable) slots, and one 10/100 Mbps Ethernet port
for out-of-band management.
With its built-in web configurator, managing and configuring the Switch is easy. In addition,
the Switch can also be managed via Telnet, any terminal emulator program on the console
port, or third-party SNMP management.
See Chapter 33 on page 223 for a full list of software features available on the Switch.
1.1.1 Backbone Application
The Switch is an ideal solution for small networks where rapid growth can be expected in the
near future. The Switch can be used standalone for a group of heavy traffic users. You can
connect computers and servers directly to the Switch’s port or connect other switches to the
Switch.
In this example, all computers can share high-speed applications on the server. To expand the
network, simply add more networking devices such as switches, routers, computers, print
servers etc.
Figure 1 Backbone Application
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Chapter 1 Getting to Know Your Switch
1.1.2 Bridging Example
In this example application the Switch connects different company departments (RD and
Sales) to the corporate backbone. It can alleviate bandwidth contention and eliminate server
and network bottlenecks. All users that need high bandwidth can connect to high-speed
department servers via the Switch.
Moreover, the Switch eases supervision and maintenance by allowing network managers to
centralize multiple servers at a single location.
Figure 2 Bridging Application
1.1.3 High Performance Switching Example
The Switch is ideal for connecting two networks that need high bandwidth. In the following
example, use trunking to connect these two networks.
Switching to higher-speed LANs such as ATM (Asynchronous Transmission Mode) is not
feasible for most people due to the expense of replacing all existing Ethernet cables and
adapter cards, restructuring your network and complex maintenance. The Switch can provide
the same bandwidth as ATM at much lower cost while still being able to use existing adapters
and switches. Moreover, the current LAN structure can be retained as all ports can freely
communicate with each other.
Figure 3 High Performance Switched Workgroup Application
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