ZyXEL ES-4024A User Guide
ES-4024A
Ethernet Switch
User’s Guide
Version 3.60
8/2005
ES-4024A User’s Guide
Copyright
Copyright © 2005 by ZyXEL Communications Corporation.
The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole, transcribed, stored in a
retrieval system, translated into any language, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, photocopying, manual, or otherwise, without the prior written
permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation.
Published by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. All rights reserved.
Disclaimer
ZyXEL does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any products, or software
described herein. Neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the patent rights of others.
ZyXEL further reserves the right to make changes in any products described herein without notice. This
publication is subject to change without notice.
Copyright 1
ES-4024A User’s Guide
Interference Statements and
Warnings
FCC Statement
This switch complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
1 This switch may not cause harmful interference.
2 This switch must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired
operations.
FCC Warning
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital switch, pursuant
to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful
interference in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency
energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful
interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause
harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.
CE Mark Warning:
This is a class A product. In a domestic environment this product may cause radio interference in which
case the user may be required to take adequate measures.
Taiwanese BSMI (Bureau of Standards, Metrology and Inspection) A Warning:
Notice 1
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the
user's authority to operate the equipment.
This Class A digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.
Cet appareil numérique de la classe A est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du Canada.
Certifications
1 Go to www.zyxel.com
2 Interference Statements and Warnings
ES-4024A User’s Guide
2 Select your product from the drop-down list box on the ZyXEL home page to go to that product's
page.
3 Select the certification you wish to view from this page.
Registration
Register your product online for free future product updates and information at www.zyxel.com for global
products, or at www.us.zyxel.com for North American products.
Safety Warnings
For your safety, be sure to read and follow all warning notices and instructions.
• To reduce the risk of fire, use only No. 26 AWG (American Wire Gauge) or larger telecommunication
line cord.
• Do NOT open the device or unit. Opening or removing covers can expose you to dangerous high
voltage points or other risks. ONLY qualified service personnel can service the device. Please contact
your vendor for further information.
• Use ONLY the dedicated power supply for your device. Connect the power cord or power adaptor to
the right supply voltage (110V AC in North America or 230V AC in Europe).
• Do NOT use the device if the power supply is damaged as it might cause electrocution.
• If the power supply is damaged, remove it from the power outlet.
• Do NOT attempt to repair the power supply. Contact your local vendor to order a new power supply.
• Place connecting cables carefully so that no one will step on them or stumble over them. Do NOT
allow anything to rest on the power cord and do NOT locate the product where anyone can walk on
the power cord.
• If you wall mount your device, make sure that no electrical, gas or water pipes will be damaged.
• Do NOT install nor use your device during a thunderstorm. There may be a remote risk of electric
shock from lightning.
• Do NOT expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids.
• Do NOT use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming pool.
• Make sure to connect the cables to the correct ports.
• Do NOT obstruct the device ventilation slots, as insufficient airflow may harm your device.
• Do NOT store things on the device.
• Connect ONLY suitable accessories to the device.
Interference Statements and Warnings 3
ES-4024A User’s Guide
ZyXEL Limited Warranty
ZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any defects in materials
or workmanship for a period of up to two years from the date of purchase. During the warranty period, and
upon proof of purchase, should the product have indications of failure due to faulty workmanship and/or
materials, ZyXEL will, at its discretion, repair or replace the defective products or components without
charge for either parts or labor, and to whatever extent it shall deem necessary to restore the product or
components to proper operating condition. Any replacement will consist of a new or re-manufactured
functionally equivalent product of equal value, and will be solely at the discretion of ZyXEL. This
warranty shall not apply if the product is modified, misused, tampered with, damaged by an act of God, or
subjected to abnormal working conditions.
Note
Repair or replacement, as provided under this warranty, is the exclusive remedy of the purchaser. This
warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, express or implied, including any implied warranty of
merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose. ZyXEL shall in no event be held liable for
indirect or consequential damages of any kind of character to the purchaser.
To obtain the services of this warranty, contact ZyXEL's Service Center for your Return Material
Authorization number (RMA). Products must be returned Postage Prepaid. It is recommended that the unit
be insured when shipped. Any returned products without proof of purchase or those with an out-dated
warranty will be repaired or replaced (at the discretion of ZyXEL) and the customer will be billed for parts
and labor. All repaired or replaced products will be shipped by ZyXEL to the corresponding return address,
Postage Paid. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights that vary
from country to country.
4 ZyXEL Limited Warranty
Customer Support
Please have the following information ready when you contact customer support.
• Product model and serial number.
• Warranty Information.
• Date that you received your device.
• Brief description of the problem and the steps you took to solve it.
ES-4024A User’s Guide
METHOD
LOCATION
CORPORATE
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(WORLDWIDE)
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ftp.europe.zyxel.com
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info@cz.zyxel.com +420 241 091 359
support@zyxel.dk +45 39 55 07 00 www.zyxel.dk ZyXEL Communications A/S
sales@zyxel.dk +45 39 55 07 07
support@zyxel.fi +358-9-4780-8411 www.zyxel.fi ZyXEL Communications Oy
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support@zyxel.de +49-2405-6909-0 www.zyxel.de ZyXEL Deutschland GmbH.
sales@zyxel.de +49-2405-6909-99
support@zyxel.com +1-800-255-4101
+1-714-632-0882
sales@zyxel.com +1-714-632-0858 ftp.us.zyxel.com
support@zyxel.no +47 22 80 61 80 www.zyxel.no ZyXEL Communications A/S
sales@zyxel.no +47 22 80 61 81
support@zyxel.es +34 902 195 420 www.zyxel.es ZyXEL Communications
sales@zyxel.es +34 913 005 345
support@zyxel.se +46 31 744 7700 www.zyxel.se ZyXEL Communications A/S
sales@zyxel.se +46 31 744 7701
www.us.zyxel.com ZyXEL Communications Inc.
REGULAR MAIL
ZyXEL Communications Corp.
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Customer Support 5
ES-4024A User’s Guide
METHOD
LOCATION
UNITED KINGDOM
SUPPORT E-MAIL TELEPHONE* WEB SITE
SALES E-MAIL FAX FTP SITE
support@zyxel.co.uk +44 (0) 1344 303044
08707 555779 (UK only)
sales@zyxel.co.uk +44 (0) 1344 303034 ftp.zyxel.co.uk
www.zyxel.co.uk ZyXEL Communications UK
* “+” is the (prefix) number you enter to make an international telephone call.
REGULAR MAIL
Ltd.,11 The Courtyard,
Eastern Road, Bracknell,
Berkshire, RG12 2XB,
United Kingdom (UK)
6 Customer Support
ES-4024A User’s Guide
Table of Contents
Copyright .................................................................................................................. 1
Interference Statements and Warnings.................................................................. 2
ZyXEL Limited Warranty ......................................................................................... 4
Customer Support ................................................................................................... 5
Table of Contents ..................................................................................................... 7
List of Figures ........................................................................................................ 17
List of Tables .......................................................................................................... 23
Preface.................................................................................................................... 27
Chapter 1
Getting to Know Your Switch................................................................................ 29
1.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................ 29
1.2 Software Features ............................................................................................. 29
1.3 Hardware Features ............................................................................................ 32
1.4 Applications ....................................................................................................... 33
1.4.1 Backbone Application ............................................................................... 33
1.4.2 Bridging Example ..................................................................................... 33
1.4.3 High Performance Switched Example ...................................................... 34
1.4.4 IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Application Examples .............................................. 34
1.4.4.1 Tag-based VLAN Example ............................................................. 35
1.4.4.2 VLAN Shared Server Example ....................................................... 35
Chapter 2
Hardware Installation and Connection ................................................................ 37
2.1 Freestanding Installation ................................................................................... 37
2.2 Mounting the ES-4024A on a Rack .................................................................. 38
2.2.1 Rack-mounted Installation Requirements ................................................ 38
2.2.1.1 Precautions .................................................................................... 38
2.2.2 Attaching the Mounting Brackets to the ES-4024A .................................. 38
2.2.3 Mounting the ES-4024A on a Rack .......................................................... 38
Chapter 3
Hardware Overview................................................................................................ 41
3.1 Front Panel Connection .................................................................................... 41
Table of Contents 7
ES-4024A User’s Guide
3.1.1 Console Port ........................................................................................... 41
3.1.2 Ethernet Ports .......................................................................................... 42
3.1.2.1 Default Ethernet Settings ................................................................ 42
3.1.3 Mini GBIC Slots ....................................................................................... 42
3.1.3.1 Transceiver Installation ................................................................ 43
3.1.3.2 Transceiver Removal ................................................................... 43
3.2 Rear Panel ........................................................................................................ 44
3.2.1 Power Connector ..................................................................................... 44
3.2.2 External Backup Power Supply Connector ............................................. 45
3.3 Front Panel LEDs .......................................................................................... 45
3.4 Stacking Scenario Examples .......................................................................... 46
3.5 Uplink Scenario Example ................................................................................. 47
Chapter 4
The Web Configurator ........................................................................................... 49
4.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................ 49
4.2 System Login .................................................................................................. 49
4.3 The Status Screen ........................................................................................ 50
4.3.1 Change Your Password ........................................................................ 54
4.4 Switch Lockout ................................................................................................ 54
4.5 Resetting the Switch ....................................................................................... 55
4.5.1 Reload the Configuration File ................................................................. 55
4.6 Logging Out of the Web Configurator ............................................................... 56
4.7 Help ................................................................................................................. 56
Chapter 5
Initial Setup Example............................................................................................. 57
5.1 Overview ............................................................................................................ 57
5.1.1 Configuring an IP Interface ...................................................................... 57
5.1.2 Configuring DHCP Server Settings .......................................................... 58
5.1.3 Creating a VLAN ...................................................................................... 59
5.1.4 Setting Port VID ....................................................................................... 60
Chapter 6
System Status and Port Statistics........................................................................ 63
6.1 Overview ............................................................................................................ 63
6.2 Port Status Summary ...................................................................................... 63
6.2.1 Port Details ............................................................................................. 64
Chapter 7
Basic Setting ......................................................................................................... 69
7.1 Overview ............................................................................................................ 69
7.2 System Information ........................................................................................... 69
8 Table of Contents
ES-4024A User’s Guide
7.3 General Setup ................................................................................................. 71
7.4 Introduction to VLANs ...................................................................................... 73
7.5 IGMP Snooping ................................................................................................ 73
7.6 Switch Setup Screen ........................................................................................ 74
7.7 IP Setup ............................................................................................................ 75
7.7.1 IP Interfaces ............................................................................................ 76
7.8 Port Setup ......................................................................................................... 77
Chapter 8
VLAN ....................................................................................................................... 79
8.1 Introduction to IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLAN .................................................... 79
8.1.1 Forwarding Tagged and Untagged Frames ............................................. 79
8.2 Automatic VLAN Registration .......................................................................... 80
8.2.1 GARP ...................................................................................................... 80
8.2.1.1 GARP Timers ................................................................................. 80
8.2.2 GVRP ....................................................................................................... 80
8.3 Port VLAN Trunking ......................................................................................... 81
8.4 Select the VLAN Type ...................................................................................... 81
8.5 Static VLAN ....................................................................................................... 82
8.5.1 Static VLAN Status ................................................................................... 82
8.5.2 Configure a Static VLAN ........................................................................ 83
8.5.3 Configure VLAN Port Settings ................................................................. 85
8.6 Port-based VLANs ........................................................................................... 86
8.6.1 Configure a Port-based VLAN .................................................................. 86
Chapter 9
Static MAC Forwarding.......................................................................................... 91
9.1 Overview ............................................................................................................ 91
9.2 Configuring Static MAC Forwarding ................................................................ 91
Chapter 10
Filtering................................................................................................................... 93
10.1 Overview .......................................................................................................... 93
10.2 Configure a Filtering Rule ............................................................................... 93
Chapter 11
Spanning Tree Protocol......................................................................................... 95
11.1 Overview .......................................................................................................... 95
11.1.1 STP Terminology ................................................................................... 95
11.1.2 How STP Works .................................................................................... 96
11.1.3 STP Port States ..................................................................................... 96
11.2 STP Status ..................................................................................................... 96
11.3 Configure STP ................................................................................................ 98
Table of Contents 9
ES-4024A User’s Guide
Chapter 12
Bandwidth Control............................................................................................... 101
12.1 Bandwidth Control Setup ............................................................................... 101
Chapter 13
Broadcast Storm Control .................................................................................... 103
13.1 Overview ....................................................................................................... 103
13.2 Broadcast Storm Control Setup ..................................................................... 103
Chapter 14
Mirroring ............................................................................................................... 105
14.1 Overview ........................................................................................................ 105
14.2 Port Mirroring Setup ...................................................................................... 105
Chapter 15
Link Aggregation ................................................................................................. 107
15.1 Overview ........................................................................................................ 107
15.1.1 Dynamic Link Aggregation ................................................................. 107
15.1.2 Link Aggregation ID ............................................................................. 108
15.2 Link Aggregation Status ................................................................................ 108
15.3 Link Aggregation Setup ................................................................................ 109
Chapter 16
Port Authentication...............................................................................................111
16.1 Overview .........................................................................................................111
16.1.1 RADIUS ................................................................................................111
16.2 Port Authentication Configuration ...................................................................111
16.2.1 Activate IEEE 802.1x Security ........................................................... 112
16.2.2 Configuring RADIUS Server Settings ................................................. 113
Chapter 17
Port Security..........................................................................................................115
17.1 Overview ........................................................................................................ 115
17.2 Port Security Setup ........................................................................................ 115
Chapter 18
DHCP......................................................................................................................117
18.1 Overview ........................................................................................................ 117
18.1.1 DHCP modes ...................................................................................... 117
18.2 Configuring DHCP Server ............................................................................ 117
18.2.1 DHCP Server Configuration Example .................................................. 119
18.3 Configuring DHCP Relay ............................................................................... 120
18.3.1 DHCP Relay Configuration Example ................................................... 122
10 Table of Contents
ES-4024A User’s Guide
Chapter 19
Access Control..................................................................................................... 125
19.1 Overview ...................................................................................................... 125
19.2 The Access Control Main Screen .................................................................. 125
19.3 About SNMP ................................................................................................. 126
19.3.1 Supported MIBs ................................................................................. 127
19.3.2 SNMP Traps ....................................................................................... 127
19.3.3 Configuring SNMP .............................................................................. 128
19.3.4 Setting Up Login Accounts ................................................................. 128
19.4 Service Port Access Control ........................................................................ 129
19.5 Remote Management .................................................................................. 130
Chapter 20
Classifier............................................................................................................... 133
20.1 Overview ........................................................................................................ 133
20.2 Configuring the Classifier .............................................................................. 133
20.3 Classifier Configuration Example .................................................................. 136
Chapter 21
Differentiated Services........................................................................................ 139
21.1 Overview ........................................................................................................ 139
21.1.1 DSCP and Per-Hop Behavior .............................................................. 139
21.1.2 DiffServ Network Example .................................................................. 139
21.2 Activating DiffServ ........................................................................................ 140
21.3 Configuring Marking Rules ............................................................................ 141
21.4 DSCP-to-IEEE802.1p Priority Mapping ...................................................... 142
21.4.1 Configuring DSCP Settings .................................................................. 142
Chapter 22
Queuing Method................................................................................................... 145
22.1 Overview ........................................................................................................ 145
22.1.1 Strict Priority Queuing (SPQ) .............................................................. 145
22.1.2 Weighted Fair Queuing (WFQ) ........................................................... 145
22.2 Configuring Queuing ..................................................................................... 145
Chapter 23
VRRP ..................................................................................................................... 147
23.1 Overview ........................................................................................................ 147
23.2 Viewing VRRP Status .................................................................................. 148
23.3 Configuring VRRP ......................................................................................... 149
23.3.1 IP Interface Setup ............................................................................... 149
23.3.2 VRRP Parameters ............................................................................... 150
23.3.2.1 Advertisement Interval ............................................................... 150
Table of Contents 11
ES-4024A User’s Guide
23.3.2.2 Priority ....................................................................................... 150
23.3.2.3 Preempt Mode ........................................................................... 150
23.3.3 Configuring VRRP Parameters ............................................................ 151
23.4 VRRP Configuration Summary ...................................................................... 152
23.5 VRRP Configuration Examples .................................................................... 152
23.5.1 One Subnet Network Example ............................................................ 152
23.5.2 Two Subnets Example ........................................................................ 154
Chapter 24
Static Route .......................................................................................................... 157
24.1 Configuring Static Routes ............................................................................. 157
Chapter 25
RIP ........................................................................................................................ 159
25.1 Overview ........................................................................................................ 159
25.2 Configuring RIP ............................................................................................ 159
Chapter 26
IGMP...................................................................................................................... 161
26.1 Overview ........................................................................................................ 161
26.2 Configuring IGMP ......................................................................................... 161
Chapter 27
DVMRP .................................................................................................................. 163
27.1 Overview ........................................................................................................ 163
27.2 How DVMRP Works ...................................................................................... 163
27.2.1 DVMRP Terminology ........................................................................... 164
27.3 Configuring DVMRP ..................................................................................... 164
27.3.1 DVMRP Configuration Error Messages .............................................. 165
27.4 Default DVMRP Timer Values ...................................................................... 166
Chapter 28
OSPF ..................................................................................................................... 167
28.1 Overview ........................................................................................................ 167
28.1.1 OSPF Autonomous Systems and Areas .............................................. 167
28.1.2 How OSPF Works ................................................................................ 168
28.1.3 Interfaces and Virtual Links .................................................................. 168
28.1.4 Configuring OSPF ............................................................................... 168
28.2 OSPF Status ................................................................................................ 169
28.3 Enabling OSPF and General Settings .......................................................... 170
28.4 Configuring OSPF Areas .............................................................................. 172
28.4.1 Viewing OSPF Area Information Table ................................................. 173
28.5 Configuring OSPF Interfaces ....................................................................... 174
12 Table of Contents
ES-4024A User’s Guide
28.6 Configuring OSPF Virtual Links ................................................................... 175
Chapter 29
Maintenance ......................................................................................................... 177
29.1 The Maintenance Screen .............................................................................. 177
29.2 Firmware Upgrade ........................................................................................ 177
29.3 Restore a Configuration File ......................................................................... 178
29.4 Backing Up a Configuration File ................................................................... 178
29.5 Load Factory Defaults .................................................................................. 179
29.6 Reboot System .............................................................................................. 179
29.7 FTP Command Line ...................................................................................... 180
29.7.1 Filename Conventions ........................................................................ 180
29.7.1.1 Example FTP Commands .......................................................... 180
29.7.2 FTP Command Line Procedure .......................................................... 181
29.7.3 GUI-based FTP Clients ........................................................................ 181
29.7.4 FTP over WAN Restrictions ................................................................ 182
Chapter 30
Diagnostic............................................................................................................. 183
30.1 Diagnostic ..................................................................................................... 183
Chapter 31
Cluster Management............................................................................................ 185
31.1 Overview ........................................................................................................ 185
31.2 Cluster Management Status ......................................................................... 186
31.2.1 Cluster Member Switch Management ................................................. 187
31.2.1.1 Uploading Firmware to a Cluster Member Switch .................... 187
31.3 Configuring Cluster Management ................................................................. 188
Chapter 32
MAC Table............................................................................................................. 191
32.1 Overview ........................................................................................................ 191
32.2 Viewing the MAC Table ................................................................................. 192
Chapter 33
IP Table ................................................................................................................. 193
33.1 Overview ........................................................................................................ 193
33.2 Viewing the IP Table ..................................................................................... 194
Chapter 34
ARP Table ............................................................................................................. 195
34.1 Overview ........................................................................................................ 195
34.1.1 How ARP Works .................................................................................. 195
Table of Contents 13
ES-4024A User’s Guide
34.2 Viewing ARP Table ....................................................................................... 195
Chapter 35
Routing Table ....................................................................................................... 197
35.1 Overview ........................................................................................................ 197
35.2 Viewing the Routing Table ............................................................................ 197
Chapter 36
DHCP Server Status............................................................................................. 199
36.1 Overview ........................................................................................................ 199
36.2 Displaying DHCP Server Status .................................................................... 199
36.3 Displaying Detail DHCP Server Information .................................................. 200
Chapter 37
Introducing the Commands .............................................................................. 203
37.1 Overview ........................................................................................................ 203
37.1.1 Switch Configuration File ..................................................................... 203
37.2 Accessing the CLI .......................................................................................... 203
37.2.1 Access Priority .................................................................................... 204
37.2.2 The Console Port ................................................................................. 204
37.2.2.1 Initial Screen ............................................................................... 204
37.2.3 Telnet ................................................................................................... 204
37.3 The Login Screen ......................................................................................... 205
37.4 Command Syntax Conventions ..................................................................... 205
37.5 Getting Help ................................................................................................... 205
37.5.1 List of Available Commands ................................................................. 206
37.5.2 Detailed Command Information ........................................................... 206
37.6 Command Modes .......................................................................................... 207
37.7 Using Command History ................................................................................ 207
37.8 Saving Your Configuration ............................................................................. 208
37.8.1 Logging Out .......................................................................................... 208
37.9 Command Summary ...................................................................................... 208
37.9.1 User Mode ............................................................................................ 209
37.9.2 Enable Mode ........................................................................................ 209
37.9.3 General Configuration Mode ................................................................ 212
37.9.4 interface port-channel Commands ....................................................... 223
37.9.5 interface route-domain Commands ...................................................... 225
37.9.6 config-vlan Commands ........................................................................ 226
Chapter 38
Command Examples........................................................................................... 229
38.1 Overview ........................................................................................................ 229
38.2 show Commands ........................................................................................... 229
14 Table of Contents
ES-4024A User’s Guide
38.2.1 show system-information .................................................................... 229
38.2.2 show hardware-monitor ........................................................................ 230
38.2.3 show logging ....................................................................................... 230
38.2.4 show interface ..................................................................................... 231
38.2.5 show mac address-table ..................................................................... 231
38.3 ping ............................................................................................................... 232
38.4 traceroute ...................................................................................................... 233
38.5 Restarting the Switch ..................................................................................... 233
38.5.1 Resetting to the Factory Default ........................................................... 234
38.6 no Command Examples ................................................................................ 234
38.6.1 no mirror-port ...................................................................................... 234
38.6.2 no trunk ................................................................................................ 235
38.6.3 no port-access-authenticator ................................................................ 235
38.7 interface Commands ..................................................................................... 236
38.7.1 interface port-channel ......................................................................... 236
38.7.2 interface route-domain ......................................................................... 236
38.7.3 filter ...................................................................................................... 237
38.7.4 mirror ................................................................................................... 238
38.7.5 gvrp ..................................................................................................... 238
38.7.6 ingress-check ...................................................................................... 239
38.7.7 frame-type ........................................................................................... 239
38.7.8 spq ...................................................................................................... 240
38.7.9 wfq ....................................................................................................... 240
38.7.10 egress set .......................................................................................... 241
38.7.11 qos priority .......................................................................................... 241
38.7.12 name .................................................................................................. 242
38.7.13 speed-duplex ...................................................................................... 242
38.8 Activating RSTP on the Stacking Module ...................................................... 243
Chapter 39
IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLAN Commands ............................................................. 245
39.1 IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLAN Overview .......................................................... 245
39.2 VLAN Databases ........................................................................................... 245
39.2.1 Static Entries (SVLAN Table) ............................................................... 245
39.2.2 Dynamic Entries (DVLAN Table) .......................................................... 246
39.3 Configuring Tagged VLAN ............................................................................. 246
39.4 Global VLAN1Q Tagged VLAN Configuration Commands ............................ 247
39.4.1 GARP Status ........................................................................................ 247
39.4.2 GARP Timer ........................................................................................ 247
39.4.3 GVRP Timer ......................................................................................... 248
39.4.4 Enable GVRP ....................................................................................... 248
39.4.5 Disable GVRP ...................................................................................... 249
39.5 Port VLAN Commands .................................................................................. 249
Table of Contents 15
ES-4024A User’s Guide
39.5.1 Set Port VID ........................................................................................ 249
39.5.2 Set Acceptable Frame Type ................................................................. 249
39.5.3 Enable or Disable Port GVRP .............................................................. 250
39.5.4 Modify Static VLAN ............................................................................. 250
39.5.4.1 Modify a Static VLAN Table Example ......................................... 251
39.5.4.2 Forwarding Process Example ..................................................... 251
39.5.5 Delete VLAN ID .................................................................................... 251
39.6 Enable VLAN ................................................................................................ 252
39.7 Disable VLAN ................................................................................................ 252
39.8 Show VLAN Setting ...................................................................................... 252
Chapter 40
Troubleshooting................................................................................................... 255
40.1 Problems Starting Up the Switch ................................................................... 255
40.2 Problems Accessing the Switch .................................................................... 255
40.2.1 Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions ......................... 256
40.2.1.1 Internet Explorer Pop-up Blockers .............................................. 256
40.2.1.2 JavaScripts ................................................................................. 259
40.2.1.3 Java Permissions ....................................................................... 261
40.3 Problems with the Password ......................................................................... 263
Appendix A
Product Specifications........................................................................................ 265
Appendix B
IP Subnetting........................................................................................................ 269
Index...................................................................................................................... 277
16 Table of Contents
ES-4024A User’s Guide
List of Figures
Figure 1 Backbone Application .............................................................................. 33
Figure 2 Bridging Application ................................................................................34
Figure 3 High Performance Switched Application ................................................. 34
Figure 4 Tag-based VLAN Application ...................................................................35
Figure 5 Shared Server Using VLAN Example ...................................................... 36
Figure 6 Attaching Rubber Feet ........................................................................... 37
Figure 7 Attaching the Mounting Brackets .............................................................38
Figure 8 Mounting the ES-4024A on a Rack ........................................................ 39
Figure 9 Front Panel ............................................................................................. 41
Figure 10 Transceiver Installation Example ........................................................... 43
Figure 11 Installed Transceiver ............................................................................ 43
Figure 12 Opening the Transceiver’s Latch Example ............................................ 44
Figure 13 Transceiver Removal Example .............................................................. 44
Figure 14 Rear Panel ............................................................................................ 44
Figure 15 Stacking Example 1 ...............................................................................46
Figure 16 Stacking Example 2 ...............................................................................47
Figure 17 Stacking Example 3 ...............................................................................47
Figure 18 Uplink Example ..................................................................................... 48
Figure 19 Web Configurator: Login ........................................................................ 49
Figure 20 Web Configurator Home Screen (Status) .............................................. 50
Figure 21 Change Administrator Login Password .................................................54
Figure 22 Resetting the Switch: Via the Console Port ........................................... 56
Figure 23 Web Configurator: Logout Screen .........................................................56
Figure 24 Initial Setup Network Example: IP Interface .......................................... 57
Figure 25 Initial Setup Network Example: VLAN ...................................................59
Figure 26 Initial Setup Network Example: Port VID ............................................... 60
Figure 27 Status .................................................................................................... 63
Figure 28 Status: Port Details ................................................................................ 65
Figure 29 System Info ........................................................................................... 70
Figure 30 General Setup ....................................................................................... 72
Figure 31 Switch Setup ......................................................................................... 74
Figure 32 IP Setup .................................................................................................76
Figure 33 Port Setup ............................................................................................. 77
Figure 34 Port VLAN Trunking ............................................................................... 81
Figure 35 Switch Setup: Select VLAN Type .......................................................... 82
Figure 36 VLAN: VLAN Status .............................................................................. 82
Figure 37 VLAN: Static VLAN ...............................................................................84
Figure 38 VLAN: VLAN Port Setting ...................................................................... 85
List of Figures 17
ES-4024A User’s Guide
Figure 39 Port Based VLAN Setup (All Connected) .............................................. 87
Figure 40 Port Based VLAN Setup (Port Isolation) ...............................................88
Figure 41 Static MAC Forwarding .......................................................................... 91
Figure 42 Filtering .................................................................................................. 93
Figure 43 Spanning Tree Protocol: Status ............................................................. 97
Figure 44 Spanning Tree Protocol: Configuration ..................................................98
Figure 45 Bandwidth Control .................................................................................101
Figure 46 Broadcast Storm Control ....................................................................... 103
Figure 47 Mirroring ................................................................................................ 105
Figure 48 Link Aggregation Control Protocol Status ............................................. 109
Figure 49 Link Aggregation: Configuration ............................................................ 110
Figure 50 RADIUS Server .................................................................................... 111
Figure 51 Port Authentication ................................................................................112
Figure 52 Port Authentication: 802.1x ...................................................................112
Figure 53 Port Authentication: RADIUS ................................................................113
Figure 54 Port Security .......................................................................................... 116
Figure 55 DHCP: Server ....................................................................................... 118
Figure 56 DHCP Server Network Example ........................................................... 119
Figure 57 DHCP Server Configuration Example ................................................... 120
Figure 58 DHCP: Relay ......................................................................................... 121
Figure 59 DHCP Relay Network Example ............................................................. 122
Figure 60 DHCP Relay Configuration Example ..................................................... 123
Figure 61 Console Port Priority ............................................................................. 125
Figure 62 Access Control ...................................................................................... 126
Figure 63 SNMP Management Model .................................................................. 126
Figure 64 Access Control: SNMP .......................................................................... 128
Figure 65 Access Control: Logins ..........................................................................129
Figure 66 Access Control: Service Access Control ...............................................130
Figure 67 Access Control: Remote Management .................................................. 130
Figure 68 Classifier ................................................................................................ 134
Figure 69 Classifier Example .................................................................................137
Figure 70 DiffServ: Differentiated Service Field .....................................................139
Figure 71 DiffServ Network Example ..................................................................... 140
Figure 72 DiffServ .................................................................................................. 140
Figure 73 DiffServ: Marking Rule Setting .............................................................. 141
Figure 74 DiffServ: DSCP Setting .......................................................................... 143
Figure 75 Queuing Method .................................................................................... 146
Figure 76 VRRP: Example 1 ................................................................................. 147
Figure 77 VRRP Status ......................................................................................... 148
Figure 78 VRRP Configuration: IP Interface ..........................................................149
Figure 79 VRRP Configuration: VRRP Parameters .............................................. 151
Figure 80 VRRP Configuration: Summary ............................................................. 152
Figure 81 VRRP Configuration Example: One Virtual Router Network .................153
18 List of Figures
ES-4024A User’s Guide
Figure 82 VRRP Example 1: VRRP Parameter Settings on Switch A ................... 153
Figure 83 VRRP Example 1: VRRP Parameter Settings on Switch B ................... 153
Figure 84 VRRP Example 1: VRRP Status on Switch A ....................................... 154
Figure 85 VRRP Example 1: VRRP Status on Switch B ....................................... 154
Figure 86 VRRP Configuration Example: Two Virtual Router Network ................. 154
Figure 87 VRRP Example 2: VRRP Parameter Settings for VR2 on Switch A .....155
Figure 88 VRRP Example 2: VRRP Parameter Settings for VR2 on Switch B .....155
Figure 89 VRRP Example 2: VRRP Status on Switch A ....................................... 155
Figure 90 VRRP Example 2: VRRP Status on Switch B ....................................... 155
Figure 91 Static Routing ........................................................................................ 157
Figure 92 RIP ........................................................................................................ 160
Figure 93 IGMP ..................................................................................................... 161
Figure 94 How DVMRP Works .............................................................................. 164
Figure 95 DVMRP ................................................................................................. 164
Figure 96 DVMRP: IGMP/RIP Not Set Error ......................................................... 165
Figure 97 DVMRP: Unable to Disable IGMP Error ................................................ 165
Figure 98 DVMRP: Duplicate VID Error Message ................................................. 166
Figure 99 OSPF Network Example ........................................................................ 168
Figure 100 OSPF Status ........................................................................................ 169
Figure 101 OSPF Configuration: Activating and General Settings ........................ 171
Figure 102 OSPF Configuration: Area Setup ........................................................ 172
Figure 103 OSPF Configuration: Summary Table ................................................. 173
Figure 104 OSPF Interface .................................................................................... 174
Figure 105 OSPF Virtual Link ................................................................................ 175
Figure 106 Maintenance ....................................................................................... 177
Figure 107 Firmware Upgrade ..............................................................................177
Figure 108 Restore Configuration ......................................................................... 178
Figure 109 Backup Configuration .......................................................................... 178
Figure 110 Load Factory Default: Conformation .................................................... 179
Figure 111 Load Factory Default: Start .................................................................. 179
Figure 112 Reboot System: Confirmation .............................................................. 179
Figure 113 Reboot System: Start ........................................................................... 180
Figure 114 Diagnostic ............................................................................................ 183
Figure 115 Clustering Application Example ...........................................................185
Figure 116 Cluster Management: Status ...............................................................186
Figure 117 Cluster Management: Cluster Member Web Configurator Screen ...... 187
Figure 118 Example: Uploading Firmware to a Cluster Member Switch ...............188
Figure 119 Clustering Management Configuration ............................................... 189
Figure 120 MAC Table Flowchart ..........................................................................191
Figure 121 MAC Table ...........................................................................................192
Figure 122 IP Table Flowchart ............................................................................... 193
Figure 123 IP Table ...............................................................................................194
Figure 124 ARP Table ........................................................................................... 196
List of Figures 19
ES-4024A User’s Guide
Figure 125 Routing Table Status ...........................................................................197
Figure 126 DHCP Server Status ............................................................................ 199
Figure 127 DHCP Server Status Detail .................................................................. 200
Figure 128 Initial Console Port Screen ................................................................... 204
Figure 129 CLI: Login Screen ................................................................................205
Figure 130 CLI Help: List of Commands: Example 1 ............................................206
Figure 131 CLI Help: List of Commands: Example 2 ............................................206
Figure 132 CLI Help: Detailed Command Information: Example 1 ........................ 207
Figure 133 CLI: Help: Detailed Command Information: Example 2 ....................... 207
Figure 134 CLI: History Command Example ......................................................... 208
Figure 135 CLI: write memory ...............................................................................208
Figure 136 show system-information Command Example ....................................229
Figure 137 show hardware-monitor Command Example ...................................... 230
Figure 138 show logging Command Example ....................................................... 231
Figure 139 show interface Command Example ..................................................... 231
Figure 140 show mac address-table Command Example .....................................232
Figure 141 ping Command Example .....................................................................232
Figure 142 traceroute Command Example ............................................................ 233
Figure 143 CLI: boot Command Example ............................................................. 233
Figure 144 CLI: reload config Command Example ................................................ 234
Figure 145 CLI: Reset to the Factory Default Example ......................................... 234
Figure 146 no mirror-port Command Example ......................................................235
Figure 147 no trunk Command Example ............................................................... 235
Figure 148 no port-access-authenticator Command Example ..............................236
Figure 149 interface Command Example .............................................................. 236
Figure 150 interface Command Example .............................................................. 237
Figure 151 filter Command Example .....................................................................238
Figure 152 mirror Command Example .................................................................. 238
Figure 153 gvrp Command Example ..................................................................... 239
Figure 154 ingress-check Command Example ...................................................... 239
Figure 155 frame-type Command Example ........................................................... 240
Figure 156 spq Command Example ...................................................................... 240
Figure 157 wfq Command Example ...................................................................... 241
Figure 158 egress set Command Example ........................................................... 241
Figure 159 qos priority Command Example .......................................................... 242
Figure 160 name Command Example ................................................................... 242
Figure 161 speed-duplex Command Example ...................................................... 243
Figure 162 Tagged VLAN Configuration and Activation Example ......................... 246
Figure 163 CPU VLAN Configuration and Activation Example .............................247
Figure 164 GARP STATUS Command Example ................................................... 247
Figure 165 GARP Timer Command Example ......................................................... 248
Figure 166 GVRP Status Command Example ....................................................... 248
Figure 167 vlan1q port default vid Command Example ......................................... 249
20 List of Figures
ES-4024A User’s Guide
Figure 168 frame type Command Example ........................................................... 250
Figure 169 no gvrp Example ................................................................................. 250
Figure 170 Modifying Static VLAN Example .......................................................... 251
Figure 171 no vlan Command Example ................................................................ 252
Figure 172 show vlan Command Example ............................................................ 253
Figure 173 Pop-up Blocker ..................................................................................... 256
Figure 174 Internet Options ................................................................................... 257
Figure 175 Internet Options .................................................................................... 258
Figure 176 Pop-up Blocker Settings ....................................................................... 259
Figure 177 Internet Options .................................................................................... 260
Figure 178 Security Settings - Java Scripting .........................................................261
Figure 179 Security Settings - Java ........................................................................ 262
Figure 180 Java (Sun) ............................................................................................ 263
List of Figures 21
ES-4024A User’s Guide
22 List of Figures
ES-4024A User’s Guide
List of Tables
Table 1 Front Panel ............................................................................................... 41
Table 2 Front Panel LEDs ...................................................................................... 45
Table 3 Navigation Panel Sub-links Overview ....................................................... 51
Table 4 Web Configurator Screen Sub-links Details .............................................. 51
Table 5 Navigation Panel Links ............................................................................. 52
Table 6 Status ........................................................................................................64
Table 7 Status: Port Details ....................................................................................65
Table 8 System Info ............................................................................................... 70
Table 9 General Setup ........................................................................................... 72
Table 10 Switch Setup ........................................................................................... 74
Table 11 IP Setup ................................................................................................... 76
Table 12 Port Setup ............................................................................................... 78
Table 13 IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Terminology ............................................................80
Table 14 VLAN: VLAN Status ................................................................................ 83
Table 15 VLAN: Static VLAN ................................................................................. 84
Table 16 VLAN: VLAN Port Setting ....................................................................... 85
Table 17 Port Based VLAN Setup ......................................................................... 89
Table 18 Static MAC Forwarding ........................................................................... 92
Table 19 Filtering ................................................................................................... 93
Table 20 STP Path Costs ...................................................................................... 95
Table 21 STP Port States ...................................................................................... 96
Table 22 Spanning Tree Protocol: Status ............................................................... 97
Table 23 Spanning Tree Protocol: Configuration ................................................... 98
Table 24 Bandwidth Control ................................................................................... 101
Table 25 Broadcast Storm Control .........................................................................104
Table 26 Mirroring: Mirror Port Setting ...................................................................106
Table 27 Trunk Groups .......................................................................................... 107
Table 28 Link Aggregation ID: Local Switch ..........................................................108
Table 29 Link Aggregation ID: Peer Switch ...........................................................108
Table 30 Link Aggregation Control Protocol Status ...............................................109
Table 31 Link Aggregation: Configuration ..............................................................110
Table 32 Port Authentication: 802.1x ..................................................................... 112
Table 33 Port Authentication: RADIUS .................................................................. 113
Table 34 Port Security ...........................................................................................116
Table 35 DHCP: Server ......................................................................................... 118
Table 36 DHCP: Relay ........................................................................................... 121
Table 37 Access Control Overview ........................................................................ 125
Table 38 SNMP Commands ..................................................................................127
List of Tables 23
ES-4024A User’s Guide
Table 39 SNMP Traps ............................................................................................ 127
Table 40 Access Control: SNMP ........................................................................... 128
Table 41 Access Control: Logins ...........................................................................129
Table 42 Access Control: Service Access Control ................................................. 130
Table 43 Access Control: Remote Management ................................................... 131
Table 44 Classifier ................................................................................................. 134
Table 45 Common Ethernet Types and Protocol Number ..................................... 136
Table 46 Common IP Ports .................................................................................... 136
Table 47 DiffServ ................................................................................................... 141
Table 48 DiffServ: Marking Rule Setting ................................................................ 141
Table 49 Default DSCP-IEEE802.1p Mapping ...................................................... 142
Table 50 DiffServ: DSCP Setting ........................................................................... 143
Table 51 Queuing Method ..................................................................................... 146
Table 52 VRRP Status ...........................................................................................148
Table 53 VRRP Configuration: IP Interface ...........................................................150
Table 54 VRRP Configuration: VRRP Parameters ................................................151
Table 55 VRRP Configuring: VRRP Parameters ...................................................152
Table 56 Static Routing .......................................................................................... 157
Table 57 RIP ..........................................................................................................160
Table 58 IGMP ....................................................................................................... 161
Table 59 DVMRP ................................................................................................... 165
Table 60 DVMRP: Default Timer Values ................................................................ 166
Table 61 OSPF vs. RIP .......................................................................................... 167
Table 62 OSPF: Router Types ............................................................................... 167
Table 63 OSPF Status ...........................................................................................169
Table 64 OSPF Status: Common Output Fields .................................................... 170
Table 65 OSPF Configuration: Activating and General Settings ........................... 171
Table 66 OSPF Configuration: Area Setup ............................................................ 172
Table 67 OSPF Configuration: Summary Table ..................................................... 173
Table 68 OSPF Interface ....................................................................................... 174
Table 69 OSPF Virtual Link ....................................................................................175
Table 70 Filename Conventions ............................................................................180
Table 71 Diagnostic ............................................................................................... 183
Table 72 ZyXEL Clustering Management Specifications .......................................185
Table 73 Cluster Management: Status ................................................................... 186
Table 74 FTP Upload to Cluster Member Example ............................................... 188
Table 75 Clustering Management Configuration ...................................................189
Table 76 MAC Table ..............................................................................................192
Table 77 IP Table ................................................................................................... 194
Table 78 ARP Table ............................................................................................... 196
Table 79 Routing Table Status ...............................................................................197
Table 80 DHCP Server Status ............................................................................... 199
Table 81 DHCP Server Status Detail ..................................................................... 200
24 List of Tables
ES-4024A User’s Guide
Table 82 Command Summary: User Mode .......................................................... 209
Table 83 Command Summary: Enable Mode ........................................................ 209
Table 84 Command Summary: Configuration Mode .............................................. 212
Table 85 interface port-channel Commands .......................................................... 223
Table 86 interface route-domain Commands ......................................................... 226
Table 87 Command Summary: config-vlan Commands ........................................ 227
Table 88 Troubleshooting the Start-Up of Your Switch .......................................... 255
Table 89 Troubleshooting Accessing the Switch ................................................... 255
Table 90 Troubleshooting the Password ................................................................ 263
Table 91 General Product Specifications ...............................................................265
Table 92 Management Specifications .................................................................... 266
Table 93 Physical and Environmental Specifications ............................................. 267
Table 94 Classes of IP Addresses ......................................................................... 269
Table 95 Allowed IP Address Range By Class ...................................................... 270
Table 96 “Natural” Masks ...................................................................................... 270
Table 97 Alternative Subnet Mask Notation ........................................................... 271
Table 98 Two Subnets Example ............................................................................ 271
Table 99 Subnet 1 .................................................................................................. 272
Table 100 Subnet 2 ................................................................................................ 272
Table 101 Subnet 1 ................................................................................................ 273
Table 102 Subnet 2 ................................................................................................ 273
Table 103 Subnet 3 ................................................................................................ 273
Table 104 Subnet 4 ................................................................................................ 274
Table 105 Eight Subnets ........................................................................................ 274
Table 106 Class C Subnet Planning ...................................................................... 274
Table 107 Class B Subnet Planning ......................................................................275
List of Tables 25
ES-4024A User’s Guide
26 List of Tables
ES-4024A User’s Guide
Preface
Congratulations on your purchase of the ES-4024A Ethernet Switch.
This preface introduces you to the ES-4024A Ethernet Switch and discusses the conventions
of this User’s Guide. It also provides information on other related documentation.
Note: Register your product online to receive e-mail notices of firmware
upgrades and information at www.zyxel.com for global products, or at
www.us.zyxel.com for North American products.
About This User's Guide
This manual is designed to guide you through the installation and configuration of your
ES-4024A for its various applications.
Related Documentation
• Web Configurator Online Help
Embedded web help for descriptions of individual screens and supplementary
information.
• ZyXEL Glossary and Web Site
Please refer to www.zyxel.com for an online glossary of networking terms and additional
support documentation.
Syntax Conventions
• “Enter” means for you to type one or more characters. “Select” or “Choose” means for
you to use one of the predefined choices.
• Command and arrow keys are enclosed in square brackets.
carriage return key;
• Mouse action sequences are denoted using a comma. For example, “click the Apple icon,
Control Panels and then Modem” means first click the Apple icon, then point your
mouse pointer to Control Panels and then click Modem.
• For brevity’s sake, we will use “e.g.,” as a shorthand for “for instance”, and “i.e.,” for
“that is” or “in other words” throughout this manual.
• The ES-4024A Ethernet Switch may be referred to as “the ES-4024A” or “the switch” in
this User’s Guide.
[ESC] means the Escape key and [SPACE BAR] means the Space Bar.
[ENTER] means the Enter, or
Preface 27
ES-4024A User’s Guide
Graphics Icons Key
ES-4024A Computer Server
Computer DSLAM Gateway
Central Office/ ISP Internet Hub/Switch
User Guide Feedback
Help us help you. E-mail all User Guide-related comments, questions or suggestions for
improvement to techwriters@zyxel.com.tw or send regular mail to The Technical Writing
Team, ZyXEL Communications Corp., 6 Innovation Road II, Science-Based Industrial Park,
Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan. Thank you.
28 Preface
Getting to Know Your Switch
This chapter introduces the main features and applications of the switch.
1.1 Introduction
The ES-4024A is a stand-alone layer-3 Ethernet switch with 24 10/100Mbps ports, two
Gigabit/mini-GBIC ports and one built-in stacking module.
With its built-in web configurator, managing and configuring the switch is easy. In addition,
the switch can also be managed via Telnet, any terminal emulator program on the console port,
or third-party SNMP management.
ES-4024A User’s Guide
CHAPTER 1
1.2 Software Features
This section describes the general software features of the switch.
IP Routing Domain
An IP interface (also known as an IP routing domain) is not bound to a physical port.
Configure an IP routing domain to allow the switch to route traffic between different
networks.
DHCP
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol RFC 2131 and RFC 2132) allows individual
computers to obtain TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a server. You can configure the
switch as a DHCP server or disable it. When configured as a server, the switch provides the
TCP/IP configuration for the clients. If you disable the DHCP service, you must have another
DHCP server on your LAN, or else the computer must be manually configured.
VLAN
A VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) allows a physical network to be partitioned into
multiple logical networks. Devices on a logical network belong to one group. A device can
belong to more than one group. With VLAN, a device cannot directly talk to or hear from
devices that are not in the same group(s); the traffic must first go through a router.
Chapter 1 Getting to Know Your Switch 29
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