ZyXEL ES-3148 User Guide
ES-3148
Intelligent Layer 2+ Switch
User’s Guide
3.60
12/2005
Edition 2
ES-3148 User’s Guide
Copyright
Copyright © 2005 by ZyXEL Communications Corporation.
The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole, transcribed, stored in a
retrieval system, translated into any language, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, photocopying, manual, or otherwise, without the prior written
permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation.
Published by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. All rights reserved.
Disclaimer
ZyXEL does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any products, or software
described herein. Neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the patent rights of others.
ZyXEL further reserves the right to make changes in any products described herein without notice. This
publication is subject to change without notice.
Copyright 1
ES-3148 User’s Guide
Certifications
FCC Statement
This switch complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
1 This switch may not cause harmful interference.
2 This switch must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired
operations.
FCC Warning
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital switch, pursuant
to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful
interference in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency
energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful
interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause
harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.
CE Mark Warning:
This is a class A product. In a domestic environment this product may cause radio interference in which
case the user may be required to take adequate measures.
Taiwanese BSMI (Bureau of Standards, Metrology and Inspection) A Warning:
Notice 1
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the
user's authority to operate the equipment.
This Class A digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.
Cet appareil numérique de la classe A est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du Canada.
Certifications
1 Go to www.zyxel.com.
2 Select your product from the drop-down list box on the ZyXEL home page to go to that product's
page.
3 Select the certification you wish to view from this page.
2 Certifications
ES-3148 User’s Guide
Safety Warnings
For your safety, be sure to read and follow all warning notices and instructions.
• To reduce the risk of fire, use only No. 26 AWG (American Wire Gauge) or larger telecommunication
line cord.
• Do NOT open the device or unit. Opening or removing covers can expose you to dangerous high
voltage points or other risks. ONLY qualified service personnel can service the device. Please contact
your vendor for further information.
• Use ONLY the dedicated power supply for your device. Connect the power cord or power adaptor to
the right supply voltage (110V AC in North America or 230V AC in Europe).
• Do NOT use the device if the power supply is damaged as it might cause electrocution.
• If the power supply is damaged, remove it from the power outlet.
• Do NOT attempt to repair the power supply. Contact your local vendor to order a new power supply.
• Place connecting cables carefully so that no one will step on them or stumble over them. Do NOT
allow anything to rest on the power cord and do NOT locate the product where anyone can walk on
the power cord.
• If you wall mount your device, make sure that no electrical, gas or water pipes will be damaged.
• Do NOT install nor use your device during a thunderstorm. There may be a remote risk of electric
shock from lightning.
• Do NOT expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids.
• Do NOT use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming pool.
• Make sure to connect the cables to the correct ports.
• Do NOT obstruct the device ventilation slots, as insufficient airflow may harm your device.
• Do NOT store things on the device.
• Connect ONLY suitable accessories to the device.
Certifications 3
ES-3148 User’s Guide
ZyXEL Limited Warranty
ZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any defects in materials
or workmanship for a period of up to two years from the date of purchase. During the warranty period, and
upon proof of purchase, should the product have indications of failure due to faulty workmanship and/or
materials, ZyXEL will, at its discretion, repair or replace the defective products or components without
charge for either parts or labor, and to whatever extent it shall deem necessary to restore the product or
components to proper operating condition. Any replacement will consist of a new or re-manufactured
functionally equivalent product of equal or higher value, and will be solely at the discretion of ZyXEL.
This warranty shall not apply if the product has been modified, misused, tampered with, damaged by an act
of God, or subjected to abnormal working conditions.
Note
Repair or replacement, as provided under this warranty, is the exclusive remedy of the purchaser. This
warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, express or implied, including any implied warranty of
merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose. ZyXEL shall in no event be held liable for
indirect or consequential damages of any kind to the purchaser.
To obtain the services of this warranty, contact ZyXEL's Service Center for your Return Material
Authorization number (RMA). Products must be returned Postage Prepaid. It is recommended that the unit
be insured when shipped. Any returned products without proof of purchase or those with an out-dated
warranty will be repaired or replaced (at the discretion of ZyXEL) and the customer will be billed for parts
and labor. All repaired or replaced products will be shipped by ZyXEL to the corresponding return address,
Postage Paid. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights that vary
from country to country.
Registration
Register your product online to receive e-mail notices of firmware upgrades and information at
www.zyxel.com for global products, or at www.us.zyxel.com for North American products.
4 ZyXEL Limited Warranty
Customer Support
Please have the following information ready when you contact customer support.
• Product model and serial number.
• Warranty Information.
• Date that you received your device.
• Brief description of the problem and the steps you took to solve it.
ES-3148 User’s Guide
METHOD
LOCATION
CORPORATE
HEADQUARTERS
(WORLDWIDE)
CZECH REPUBLIC
DENMARK
FINLAND
FRANCE
GERMANY
HUNGARY
KAZAKHSTAN
NORTH AMERICA
NORWAY
SUPPORT E-MAIL TELEPHONE* WEB SITE
SALES E-MAIL FAX FTP SITE
support@zyxel.com.tw +886-3-578-3942 www.zyxel.com
www.europe.zyxel.com
sales@zyxel.com.tw +886-3-578-2439 ftp.zyxel.com
ftp.europe.zyxel.com
info@cz.zyxel.com +420-241-091-350 www.zyxel.cz ZyXEL Communications
info@cz.zyxel.com +420-241-091-359
support@zyxel.dk +45-39-55-07-00 www.zyxel.dk ZyXEL Communications A/S
sales@zyxel.dk +45-39-55-07-07
support@zyxel.fi +358-9-4780-8411 www.zyxel.fi ZyXEL Communications Oy
sales@zyxel.fi +358-9-4780 8448
info@zyxel.fr +33-4-72-52-97-97 www.zyxel.fr ZyXEL France
+33-4-72-52-19-20
support@zyxel.de +49-2405-6909-0 www.zyxel.de ZyXEL Deutschland GmbH.
sales@zyxel.de +49-2405-6909-99
support@zyxel.hu +36-1-3361649 www.zyxel.hu ZyXEL Hungary
info@zyxel.hu +36-1-3259100
http://zyxel.kz/support +7-3272-590-698 www.zyxel.kz ZyXEL Kazakhstan
sales@zyxel.kz +7-3272-590-689
support@zyxel.com 1-800-255-4101
+1-714-632-0882
sales@zyxel.com +1-714-632-0858 ftp.us.zyxel.com
support@zyxel.no +47-22-80-61-80 www.zyxel.no ZyXEL Communications A/S
sales@zyxel.no +47-22-80-61-81
www.us.zyxel.com ZyXEL Communications Inc.
REGULAR MAIL
ZyXEL Communications Corp.
6 Innovation Road II
Science Park
Hsinchu 300
Ta iw a n
Czech s.r.o.
Modranská 621
143 01 Praha 4 - Modrany
Ceská Republika
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Wuerselen
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Customer Support 5
ES-3148 User’s Guide
METHOD
LOCATION
POLAND
RUSSIA
SPAIN
SWEDEN
UKRAINE
UNITED KINGDOM
* “+” is the (prefix) number you enter to make an international telephone call.
SUPPORT E-MAIL TELEPHONE* WEB SITE
SALES E-MAIL FAX FTP SITE
info@pl.zyxel.com +48 (22) 333 8250 www.pl.zyxel.com ZyXEL Communications
+48 (22) 333 8251
http://zyxel.ru/support +7-095-542-89-29 www.zyxel.ru ZyXEL Russia
sales@zyxel.ru +7-095-542-89-25
support@zyxel.es +34-902-195-420 www.zyxel.es ZyXEL Communications
sales@zyxel.es +34-913-005-345
support@zyxel.se +46-31-744-7700 www.zyxel.se ZyXEL Communications A/S
sales@zyxel.se +46-31-744-7701
support@ua.zyxel.com +380-44-247-69-78 www.ua.zyxel.com ZyXEL Ukraine
sales@ua.zyxel.com +380-44-494-49-32
support@zyxel.co.uk +44-1344 303044
08707 555779 (UK only)
sales@zyxel.co.uk +44-1344 303034 ftp.zyxel.co.uk
REGULAR MAIL
ul. Okrzei 1A
03-715 Warszawa
Poland
Ostrovityanova 37a Str.
Moscow, 117279
Russia
Arte, 21 5ª planta
28033 Madrid
Spain
Sjöporten 4, 41764 Göteborg
Sweden
13, Pimonenko Str.
Kiev, 04050
Ukraine
www.zyxel.co.uk ZyXEL Communications UK
Ltd.,11 The Courtyard,
Eastern Road, Bracknell,
Berkshire, RG12 2XB,
United Kingdom (UK)
6 Customer Support
ES-3148 User’s Guide
Table of Contents
Copyright ..................................................................................................................1
Certifications ............................................................................................................2
ZyXEL Limited Warranty.......................................................................................... 4
Customer Support.................................................................................................... 5
Preface ....................................................................................................................25
Chapter 1
Getting to Know Your Switch................................................................................ 27
1.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................27
1.2 Software Features ..............................................................................................27
1.3 Hardware Features ............................................................................................30
1.4 Applications ........................................................................................................31
1.4.1 Backbone Application ...............................................................................31
1.4.2 Bridging Example ......................................................................................32
1.4.3 High Performance Switched Example ......................................................32
1.4.4 IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Application Examples ...............................................33
1.4.4.1 Tag-based VLAN Example ..............................................................33
1.4.4.2 VLAN Shared Server Example ........................................................34
Chapter 2
Hardware Installation and Connection................................................................. 35
2.1 Freestanding Installation ...................................................................................35
2.2 Mounting the Switch on a Rack .........................................................................36
2.2.1 Rack-mounted Installation Requirements .................................................36
2.2.1.1 Precautions ....................................................................................36
2.2.2 Attaching the Mounting Brackets to the Switch ........................................36
2.2.3 Mounting the Switch on a Rack ................................................................37
Chapter 3
Hardware Overview................................................................................................ 39
3.1 Panel Connections ............................................................................................39
3.1.1 Console Port ............................................................................................40
3.1.2 Ethernet Ports ...........................................................................................40
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ES-3148 User’s Guide
3.2 Panel LEDs ....................................................................................................43
Chapter 4
The Web Configurator............................................................................................ 45
4.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................45
4.2 System Login ..................................................................................................45
4.3 The Status Screen .........................................................................................46
4.4 Switch Lockout .................................................................................................50
4.5 Resetting the Switch .......................................................................................51
4.6 Logging Out of the Web Configurator ...............................................................53
4.7 Help ..................................................................................................................53
3.1.2.1 Default Ethernet Settings ................................................................40
3.1.3 Mini-GBIC Slots .......................................................................................41
3.1.3.1 Transceiver Installation ................................................................41
3.1.3.2 Transceiver Removal ...................................................................42
3.1.4 Power Connector ......................................................................................42
3.1.5 External Backup Power Supply Connector ...............................................42
4.3.1 Change Your Password .........................................................................50
4.5.1 Reload the Configuration File .................................................................51
4.5.2 Reset to the Factory Defaults ...................................................................52
Chapter 5
Initial Setup Example ............................................................................................. 55
5.1 Overview ............................................................................................................55
5.1.1 Creating a VLAN .......................................................................................55
5.1.2 Setting Port VID ........................................................................................57
5.1.3 Configuring Switch Management IP Address ...........................................58
Chapter 6
System Status and Port Statistics ........................................................................ 59
6.1 Overview ............................................................................................................59
6.2 Port Status Summary .....................................................................................59
6.2.1 Status: Port Details ..............................................................................61
Chapter 7
Basic Setting ......................................................................................................... 65
7.1 Overview ............................................................................................................65
7.2 System Information ........................................................................................65
7.3 General Setup ...............................................................................................67
7.4 Introduction to VLANs ......................................................................................69
7.5 Switch Setup Screen .......................................................................................70
7.6 IP Setup ..........................................................................................................71
7.6.1 Management IP Addresses ......................................................................72
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7.7 Port Setup .......................................................................................................74
Chapter 8
VLAN ....................................................................................................................... 77
8.1 Introduction to IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLAN ....................................................77
8.1.1 Forwarding Tagged and Untagged Frames .............................................77
8.2 Automatic VLAN Registration ...........................................................................78
8.2.1 GARP .......................................................................................................78
8.2.1.1 GARP Timers .................................................................................78
8.2.2 GVRP ........................................................................................................78
8.3 Port VLAN Trunking .........................................................................................79
8.4 Select the VLAN Type .......................................................................................79
8.5 Static VLAN ........................................................................................................80
8.5.1 Static VLAN Status ...................................................................................80
8.5.2 Configure a Static VLAN .......................................................................81
8.5.3 Configure VLAN Port Settings ..............................................................83
8.6 Port-based VLAN Setup ................................................................................85
8.6.1 Configure a Port-based VLAN ..................................................................86
Chapter 9
Static MAC Forwarding.......................................................................................... 89
9.1 Overview ............................................................................................................89
9.2 Configuring Static MAC Forwarding ..............................................................89
Chapter 10
Filtering ................................................................................................................... 91
10.1 Introduction to Filtering .....................................................................................91
10.2 Configure a Filtering Rule .............................................................................91
Chapter 11
Spanning Tree Protocol......................................................................................... 93
11.1 STP/RSTP Overview ........................................................................................93
11.1.1 STP Terminology ....................................................................................93
11.1.2 How STP Works .....................................................................................94
11.1.3 STP Port States .....................................................................................94
11.2 STP Status .................................................................................................94
11.3 Configure STP ...............................................................................................96
Chapter 12
Bandwidth Control ................................................................................................. 99
12.1 Bandwidth Control Overview ............................................................................99
12.1.1 CIR and PIR ............................................................................................99
12.2 Bandwidth Control Setup ................................................................................99
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ES-3148 User’s Guide
Chapter 13
Broadcast Storm Control..................................................................................... 103
13.1 Overview ........................................................................................................103
13.2 Broadcast Storm Control Setup .....................................................................103
Chapter 14
Mirroring ............................................................................................................... 107
14.1 Introduction to Port Mirroring ..........................................................................107
14.2 Port Mirroring Setup .......................................................................................107
Chapter 15
Link Aggregation...................................................................................................111
15.1 Introduction to Link Aggregation .................................................................... 111
15.2 Dynamic Link Aggregation ........................................................................... 111
15.3 Link Aggregation Status ................................................................................112
15.4 Link Aggregation Setup ................................................................................. 113
15.2.1 Link Aggregation ID .............................................................................112
Chapter 16
Port Authentication.............................................................................................. 117
16.1 Introduction to Authentication ......................................................................... 117
16.1.1 RADIUS ............................................................................................... 117
16.2 Port Authentication Configuration ..................................................................117
16.2.1 Configuring RADIUS Server Settings ................................................. 118
16.2.2 Activate IEEE 802.1x Security ............................................................ 118
Chapter 17
Port Security......................................................................................................... 121
17.1 About Port Security ........................................................................................121
17.2 Port Security Setup ........................................................................................121
Chapter 18
Access Control..................................................................................................... 125
18.1 Overview ......................................................................................................125
18.2 The Access Control Main Screen ...................................................................125
18.3 About SNMP .................................................................................................126
18.3.1 Supported MIBs ..................................................................................127
18.3.2 SNMP Traps .......................................................................................127
18.3.3 Configuring SNMP ...............................................................................127
18.3.4 Setting Up Login Accounts .................................................................128
18.4 SSH Overview ................................................................................................130
18.5 How SSH works .............................................................................................130
18.6 SSH Implementation on the Switch ................................................................131
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18.6.1 Requirements for Using SSH ................................................................131
18.7 Introduction to HTTPS ....................................................................................131
18.8 HTTPS Example ............................................................................................132
18.8.1 Internet Explorer Warning Messages ...................................................132
18.8.2 Netscape Navigator Warning Messages ...............................................133
18.8.3 The Main Screen ..................................................................................134
18.9 Service Port Access Control ........................................................................135
18.10 Remote Management .................................................................................136
Chapter 19
Queuing Method................................................................................................... 139
19.1 Introduction to Queuing ..................................................................................139
19.1.1 Strictly Priority .......................................................................................139
19.1.2 Weighted Fair Scheduling .....................................................................139
19.2 Configuring Queuing .....................................................................................140
Chapter 20
Classifier ............................................................................................................... 143
20.1 About the Classifier and QoS .........................................................................143
20.2 Configuring the Classifier ...............................................................................143
20.3 Viewing and Editing Classifier Configuration .................................................146
20.4 Classifier Example .........................................................................................147
Chapter 21
Policy Rule............................................................................................................ 149
21.1 About Policy Rules .........................................................................................149
21.1.1 DiffServ .................................................................................................149
21.1.2 DSCP and Per-Hop Behavior ...............................................................149
21.2 Configuring Policy Rules ................................................................................150
21.3 Viewing and Editing Policy Configuration .......................................................152
21.4 Policy Example ...............................................................................................153
Chapter 22
VLAN Stacking...................................................................................................... 155
22.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................155
22.1.1 VLAN Stacking Example .......................................................................155
22.2 VLAN Stacking Port Roles .............................................................................156
22.3 VLAN Tag Format ...........................................................................................156
22.3.1 Frame Format .......................................................................................157
22.4 Configuring VLAN Stacking ............................................................................158
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ES-3148 User’s Guide
Chapter 23
Multicast................................................................................................................ 161
23.1 Overview ........................................................................................................161
23.2 Multicast Status ..............................................................................................162
23.3 Multicast Setup ..............................................................................................162
23.4 IGMP Filtering Profile ....................................................................................164
23.5 MVR Overview ...............................................................................................166
23.6 General MVR Configuration ..........................................................................167
23.7 MVR Group Configuration .............................................................................169
23.1.1 IP Multicast Addresses .........................................................................161
23.1.2 IGMP Filtering .......................................................................................161
23.1.3 IGMP Snooping ...................................................................................161
23.5.1 Types of MVR Ports ..............................................................................166
23.5.2 MVR Modes ..........................................................................................166
23.5.3 How MVR Works ..................................................................................167
23.7.1 MVR Configuration Example ................................................................171
Chapter 24
DHCP Relay .......................................................................................................... 175
24.1 DHCP Relay Overview ...................................................................................175
24.1.1 DHCP Relay Agent Information ............................................................175
24.2 DHCP Relay Configuration ............................................................................175
Chapter 25
Static Route .......................................................................................................... 177
25.1 Configuring ...................................................................................................177
Chapter 26
Maintenance ......................................................................................................... 179
26.1 The Maintenance Screen ...............................................................................179
26.2 Firmware Upgrade ........................................................................................179
26.3 Restore a Configuration File .........................................................................180
26.4 Backing Up a Configuration File ....................................................................180
26.5 Load Factory Defaults ...................................................................................181
26.6 Reboot System ...............................................................................................181
26.7 FTP Command Line .......................................................................................182
26.7.1 Filename Conventions .........................................................................182
26.7.1.1 Example FTP Commands ...........................................................183
26.7.2 FTP Command Line Procedure ...........................................................183
26.7.3 GUI-based FTP Clients .........................................................................184
26.7.4 FTP Restrictions ..................................................................................184
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Chapter 27
Diagnostic............................................................................................................. 185
27.1 Diagnostic .....................................................................................................185
Chapter 28
Cluster Management............................................................................................ 187
28.1 Overview ........................................................................................................187
28.2 Cluster Management Status ..........................................................................188
28.2.1 Cluster Member Switch Management ..................................................189
28.2.1.1 Uploading Firmware to a Cluster Member Switch .....................189
28.3 Configuring Cluster Management .................................................................190
Chapter 29
MAC Table............................................................................................................. 193
29.1 Overview ........................................................................................................193
29.2 Viewing the MAC Table .................................................................................194
Chapter 30
ARP Table.............................................................................................................. 195
30.1 Overview ........................................................................................................195
30.1.1 How ARP Works ...................................................................................195
30.2 Viewing the ARP Table ..................................................................................195
Chapter 31
Introducing the Commands .............................................................................. 197
31.1 Overview ........................................................................................................197
31.1.1 Switch Configuration File ......................................................................197
31.2 Accessing the CLI ..........................................................................................197
31.2.1 Access Priority .....................................................................................198
31.2.2 The Console Port ..................................................................................198
31.2.2.1 Initial Screen ...............................................................................198
31.2.3 Telnet ...................................................................................................198
31.3 The Login Screen ..........................................................................................199
31.4 Command Syntax Conventions ......................................................................199
31.5 Getting Help ...................................................................................................200
31.5.1 List of Available Commands .................................................................200
31.5.2 Detailed Command Information ............................................................201
31.6 Command Modes ...........................................................................................201
31.7 Using Command History ................................................................................202
31.8 Saving Your Configuration ..............................................................................202
31.8.1 Logging Out ..........................................................................................203
31.9 Command Summary ......................................................................................203
31.9.1 User Mode ............................................................................................203
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ES-3148 User’s Guide
Chapter 32
Command Examples........................................................................................... 225
32.1 Overview ........................................................................................................225
32.2 show Commands ...........................................................................................225
32.3 ping ...............................................................................................................228
32.4 traceroute .......................................................................................................229
32.5 Enabling RSTP ...............................................................................................229
32.6 Configuration File Maintenance ....................................................................230
32.7 no Command Examples .................................................................................231
32.8 interface Commands ......................................................................................234
31.9.2 Enable Mode .........................................................................................204
31.9.3 General Configuration Mode .................................................................208
31.9.4 interface port-channel Commands ........................................................218
31.9.5 config-vlan Commands .........................................................................221
31.9.6 mvr Commands ....................................................................................223
32.2.1 show system-information .....................................................................225
32.2.2 show ip ..................................................................................................226
32.2.3 show logging ........................................................................................226
32.2.4 show interface ......................................................................................227
32.2.5 show mac address-table ......................................................................227
32.6.1 Using a Different Configuration File ......................................................230
32.6.2 Resetting to the Factory Default ...........................................................230
32.7.1 no mirror-port .......................................................................................231
32.7.2 no https timeout ....................................................................................231
32.7.3 no trunk .................................................................................................232
32.7.4 no port-access-authenticator ................................................................232
32.7.5 no ssh ...................................................................................................233
32.8.1 interface port-channel ..........................................................................234
32.8.2 bpdu-control .........................................................................................234
32.8.3 broadcast-limit .....................................................................................235
32.8.4 bandwidth-limit .....................................................................................236
32.8.5 mirror ...................................................................................................236
32.8.6 gvrp ......................................................................................................237
32.8.7 ingress-check .......................................................................................238
32.8.8 frame-type ............................................................................................238
32.8.9 weight ..................................................................................................239
32.8.10 egress set ..........................................................................................239
32.8.11 qos priority ..........................................................................................240
32.8.12 name ...................................................................................................240
32.8.13 speed-duplex ......................................................................................241
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ES-3148 User’s Guide
Chapter 33
IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLAN Commands ............................................................. 243
33.1 IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLAN Overview ...........................................................243
33.2 VLAN Databases ............................................................................................243
33.2.1 Static Entries (SVLAN Table) ................................................................243
33.2.2 Dynamic Entries (DVLAN Table) ...........................................................244
33.3 Configuring Tagged VLAN ..............................................................................244
33.4 Global VLAN1Q Tagged VLAN Configuration Commands .............................245
33.4.1 GARP Status .........................................................................................245
33.4.2 GARP Timer ........................................................................................245
33.4.3 GVRP Timer .........................................................................................246
33.4.4 Enable GVRP .......................................................................................246
33.4.5 Disable GVRP .......................................................................................247
33.5 Port VLAN Commands ...................................................................................247
33.5.1 Set Port VID .........................................................................................247
33.5.2 Set Acceptable Frame Type .................................................................247
33.5.3 Enable or Disable Port GVRP ...............................................................248
33.5.4 Modify Static VLAN ..............................................................................248
33.5.4.1 Modify a Static VLAN Table Example ..........................................249
33.5.4.2 Forwarding Process Example .....................................................249
33.5.5 Delete VLAN ID ....................................................................................249
33.6 Enable VLAN .................................................................................................250
33.7 Disable VLAN .................................................................................................250
33.8 Show VLAN Setting .......................................................................................250
Chapter 34
Troubleshooting ................................................................................................... 253
34.1 Problems Starting Up the Switch ....................................................................253
34.2 Problems Accessing the Switch .....................................................................253
34.2.1 Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions ..........................254
34.2.1.1 Internet Explorer Pop-up Blockers ..............................................254
34.2.1.2 JavaScripts ..................................................................................257
34.2.1.3 Java Permissions ........................................................................259
34.3 Problems with the Password ..........................................................................261
Appendix A
Product Specifications ........................................................................................ 263
Appendix B
IP Subnetting ........................................................................................................ 267
Index...................................................................................................................... 275
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ES-3148 User’s Guide
16
ES-3148 User’s Guide
List of Figures
Figure 1 Backbone Application .......................................................................................... 32
Figure 2 Bridging Application ............................................................................................ 32
Figure 3 High Performance Switched Application .............................................................. 33
Figure 4 Tag-based VLAN Application ............................................................................... 34
Figure 5 Shared Server Using VLAN Example .................................................................. 34
Figure 6 Attaching Rubber Feet ......................................................................................... 35
Figure 7 Attaching the Mounting Brackets ......................................................................... 36
Figure 8 Mounting the Switch on a Rack .......................................................................... 37
Figure 9 Front Panel .........................................................................................................39
Figure 10 Rear Panel ........................................................................................................ 39
Figure 11 Transceiver Installation Example ....................................................................... 41
Figure 12 Installed Transceiver ......................................................................................... 42
Figure 13 Opening the Transceiver’s Latch Example ........................................................ 42
Figure 14 Transceiver Removal Example .......................................................................... 42
Figure 15 Web Configurator: Login .................................................................................... 46
Figure 16 Web Configurator Home Screen (Status) .......................................................... 46
Figure 17 Change Administrator Login Password .............................................................. 50
Figure 18 Example Xmodem Upload .................................................................................. 51
Figure 19 Reload the Configuration file: Via Console Port ................................................ 52
Figure 20 Resetting the Switch: Via the Console Port ....................................................... 53
Figure 21 Web Configurator: Logout Screen ..................................................................... 53
Figure 22 Initial Setup Network Example: VLAN ................................................................ 55
Figure 23 Initial Setup Network Example: Port VID ........................................................... 57
Figure 24 Initial Setup Example: Management IP Address ................................................ 58
Figure 25 Status ................................................................................................................. 60
Figure 26 Status: Port Details ............................................................................................ 62
Figure 27 System Info ........................................................................................................ 66
Figure 28 General Setup .................................................................................................... 68
Figure 29 Switch Setup ...................................................................................................... 70
Figure 30 IP Setup ............................................................................................................. 72
Figure 31 Port Setup ..........................................................................................................75
Figure 32 Port VLAN Trunking ........................................................................................... 79
Figure 33 Switch Setup: Select VLAN Type ....................................................................... 80
Figure 34 VLAN: VLAN Status .......................................................................................... 80
Figure 35 VLAN: Static VLAN ........................................................................................... 82
Figure 36 VLAN: VLAN Port Setting .................................................................................. 84
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ES-3148 User’s Guide
Figure 37 Port Based VLAN Setup (All Connected) ........................................................... 86
Figure 38 Port Based VLAN Setup (Port Isolation) ............................................................ 87
Figure 39 Static MAC Forwarding ...................................................................................... 89
Figure 40 Filtering .............................................................................................................. 91
Figure 41 Spanning Tree Protocol: Status .......................................................................... 95
Figure 42 Spanning Tree Protocol: Configuration .............................................................. 97
Figure 43 Bandwidth Control .............................................................................................. 100
Figure 44 Broadcast Storm Control .................................................................................... 104
Figure 45 Mirroring ............................................................................................................. 108
Figure 46 Link Aggregation Control Protocol Status ......................................................... 112
Figure 47 Link Aggregation: Configuration ......................................................................... 114
Figure 48 RADIUS Server ................................................................................................. 117
Figure 49 Port Authentication ............................................................................................. 118
Figure 50 Port Authentication: RADIUS ............................................................................. 118
Figure 51 Port Authentication: 802.1x ................................................................................ 119
Figure 52 Port Security ...................................................................................................... 122
Figure 53 Console Port Priority .......................................................................................... 125
Figure 54 Access Control ................................................................................................... 125
Figure 55 SNMP Management Model ............................................................................... 126
Figure 56 Access Control: SNMP ...................................................................................... 128
Figure 57 Access Control: Logins ...................................................................................... 129
Figure 58 SSH Communication Example ............................................................................ 130
Figure 59 How SSH Works ................................................................................................. 130
Figure 60 HTTPS Implementation ....................................................................................... 132
Figure 61 Security Alert Dialog Box (Internet Explorer) ...................................................... 133
Figure 62 Security Certificate 1 (Netscape) ........................................................................ 133
Figure 63 Security Certificate 2 (Netscape) ........................................................................ 134
Figure 64 Login Screen (Internet Explorer) ......................................................................... 134
Figure 65 Login Screen (Netscape) .................................................................................... 135
Figure 66 Access Control: Service Access Control ............................................................ 136
Figure 67 Access Control: Remote Management .............................................................. 137
Figure 68 Queuing Method ................................................................................................ 140
Figure 69 Classifier ............................................................................................................. 144
Figure 70 Classifier: Summary Table .................................................................................. 146
Figure 71 Classifier: Example ............................................................................................. 148
Figure 72 Policy .................................................................................................................. 150
Figure 73 Policy: Summary Table ....................................................................................... 152
Figure 74 Policy Example ................................................................................................... 154
Figure 75 VLAN Stacking Example .................................................................................... 156
Figure 76 VLAN Stacking ................................................................................................... 158
Figure 77 Multicast Setting .................................................................................................. 163
Figure 78 Multicast: IGMP Filtering Profile ......................................................................... 165
Figure 79 MVR Network Example ...................................................................................... 166
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ES-3148 User’s Guide
Figure 80 MVR Multicast Television Example .................................................................... 167
Figure 81 MVR ................................................................................................................... 168
Figure 82 MVR: Group Configuration ................................................................................. 170
Figure 83 MVR Configuration Example .............................................................................. 171
Figure 84 MVR Configuration Example .............................................................................. 172
Figure 85 MVR Group Configuration Example .................................................................. 173
Figure 86 MVR Group Configuration Example ................................................................... 173
Figure 87 DHCP Relay ........................................................................................................ 176
Figure 88 Static Routing ..................................................................................................... 177
Figure 89 Maintenance ...................................................................................................... 179
Figure 90 Firmware Upgrade ............................................................................................. 179
Figure 91 Restore Configuration ........................................................................................ 180
Figure 92 Backup Configuration ......................................................................................... 180
Figure 93 Load Factory Default: Conformation .................................................................. 181
Figure 94 Load Factory Default: Start ................................................................................ 181
Figure 95 Reboot System: Confirmation ............................................................................ 182
Figure 96 Reboot System: Start ......................................................................................... 182
Figure 97 Diagnostic ..........................................................................................................185
Figure 98 Clustering Application Example ......................................................................... 187
Figure 99 Cluster Management: Status .............................................................................. 188
Figure 100 Cluster Management: Cluster Member Web Configurator Screen .................. 189
Figure 101 Example: Uploading Firmware to a Cluster Member Switch ............................ 190
Figure 102 Clustering Management Configuration ........................................................... 191
Figure 103 MAC Table Flowchart ....................................................................................... 193
Figure 104 MAC Table ....................................................................................................... 194
Figure 105 ARP Table ........................................................................................................ 196
Figure 106 Initial Console Port Screen ............................................................................... 198
Figure 107 CLI: Login Screen ............................................................................................ 199
Figure 108 CLI Help: List of Commands: Example 1 ......................................................... 200
Figure 109 CLI Help: List of Commands: Example 2 ......................................................... 201
Figure 110 CLI Help: Detailed Command Information: Example 1 ..................................... 201
Figure 111 CLI: Help: Detailed Command Information: Example 2 .................................... 201
Figure 112 CLI: History Command Example ...................................................................... 202
Figure 113 CLI: write memory ............................................................................................ 203
Figure 114 show system-information Command Example ................................................. 225
Figure 115 show ip Command Example ............................................................................ 226
Figure 116 show logging Command Example ..................................................................... 226
Figure 117 show interface Command Example ................................................................. 227
Figure 118 show mac address-table Command Example .................................................. 228
Figure 119 ping Command Example .................................................................................. 229
Figure 120 traceroute Command Example ........................................................................ 229
Figure 121 Enable RSTP Command Example ................................................................... 230
Figure 122 CLI: boot config Command Example ............................................................... 230
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ES-3148 User’s Guide
Figure 123 CLI: reload config Command Example ............................................................ 230
Figure 124 CLI: Reset to the Factory Default Example ...................................................... 231
Figure 125 no mirror-port Command Example ................................................................... 231
Figure 126 no https timeout Command Example ............................................................... 232
Figure 127 no trunk Command Example ........................................................................... 232
Figure 128 no port-access-authenticator Command Example ........................................... 233
Figure 129 no ssh Command Example .............................................................................. 234
Figure 130 interface Command Example ........................................................................... 234
Figure 131 interface bpdu-control Command Example ...................................................... 235
Figure 132 broadcast-limit Command Example ................................................................. 236
Figure 133 bandwidth-limit Command Example ................................................................ 236
Figure 134 mirror Command Example ............................................................................... 237
Figure 135 gvrp Command Example ................................................................................. 238
Figure 136 ingress-check Command Example .................................................................. 238
Figure 137 frame-type Command Example ....................................................................... 239
Figure 138 weight Command Example .............................................................................. 239
Figure 139 egress set Command Example ........................................................................ 240
Figure 140 qos priority Command Example ....................................................................... 240
Figure 141 name Command Example ............................................................................... 241
Figure 142 speed-duplex Command Example ................................................................... 241
Figure 143 Tagged VLAN Configuration and Activation Example ...................................... 244
Figure 144 CPU VLAN Configuration and Activation Example .......................................... 245
Figure 145 GARP STATUS Command Example ................................................................ 245
Figure 146 GARP Timer Command Example ..................................................................... 246
Figure 147 GVRP Status Command Example ................................................................... 246
Figure 148 vlan1q port default vid Command Example ..................................................... 247
Figure 149 frame type Command Example ....................................................................... 248
Figure 150 no gvrp Command Example ............................................................................ 248
Figure 151 Modifying Static VLAN Example ...................................................................... 249
Figure 152 no vlan Command Example ............................................................................. 250
Figure 153 show vlan Command Example ........................................................................ 251
Figure 154 Pop-up Blocker ................................................................................................. 255
Figure 155 Internet Options ............................................................................................... 255
Figure 156 Internet Options ................................................................................................ 256
Figure 157 Pop-up Blocker Settings ................................................................................... 257
Figure 158 Internet Options ................................................................................................ 258
Figure 159 Security Settings - Java Scripting ..................................................................... 259
Figure 160 Security Settings - Java .................................................................................... 260
Figure 161 Java (Sun) ......................................................................................................... 261
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ES-3148 User’s Guide
List of Tables
Table 1 Panel Connections ................................................................................................ 39
Table 2 Front Panel LEDs .................................................................................................. 43
Table 3 Navigation Panel Sub-links Overview .................................................................... 47
Table 4 Web Configurator Screen Sub-links Details .......................................................... 47
Table 5 Navigation Panel Links .......................................................................................... 48
Table 6 Status ..................................................................................................................... 60
Table 7 Status: Port Details ................................................................................................ 62
Table 8 System Info ............................................................................................................ 66
Table 9 General Setup ....................................................................................................... 68
Table 10 Switch Setup ........................................................................................................ 70
Table 11 IP Setup ............................................................................................................... 73
Table 12 Port Setup ............................................................................................................ 75
Table 13 IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Terminology ......................................................................... 78
Table 14 VLAN: VLAN Status ............................................................................................. 81
Table 15 VLAN: Static VLAN .............................................................................................. 83
Table 16 VLAN: VLAN Port Setting .................................................................................... 85
Table 17 Port Based VLAN Setup ...................................................................................... 88
Table 18 Static MAC Forwarding ........................................................................................ 90
Table 19 FIltering ................................................................................................................ 92
Table 20 STP Path Costs ................................................................................................... 93
Table 21 STP Port States ................................................................................................... 94
Table 22 Spanning Tree Protocol: Status ........................................................................... 95
Table 23 Spanning Tree Protocol: Configuration ................................................................ 98
Table 24 Bandwidth Control ............................................................................................... 100
Table 25 Broadcast Storm Control ..................................................................................... 105
Table 26 Mirroring .............................................................................................................. 109
Table 27 Link Aggregation ID: Local Switch ....................................................................... 112
Table 28 Link Aggregation ID: Peer Switch ........................................................................ 112
Table 29 Link Aggregation Control Protocol Status ............................................................ 113
Table 30 Link Aggregation Control Protocol: Configuration ............................................... 115
Table 31 Port Authentication: RADIUS ............................................................................... 118
Table 32 Port Authentication: 802.1x ................................................................................. 120
Table 33 Port Security ........................................................................................................123
Table 34 Access Control Overview .................................................................................... 125
Table 35 SNMP Commands ............................................................................................... 126
Table 36 SNMP Traps ........................................................................................................ 127
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ES-3148 User’s Guide
Table 37 Access Control: SNMP ........................................................................................ 128
Table 38 Access Control: Logins ........................................................................................ 129
Table 39 Access Control: Service Access Control ............................................................. 136
Table 40 Access Control: Remote Management ................................................................ 137
Table 41 Queuing Method .................................................................................................. 141
Table 42 Classifier .............................................................................................................. 144
Table 43 Classifier: Summary Table ................................................................................... 146
Table 44 Common Ethernet Types and Protocol Number .................................................. 146
Table 45 Common IP Ports ................................................................................................ 147
Table 46 Policy ................................................................................................................... 151
Table 47 Policy: Summary Table ........................................................................................ 153
Table 48 VLAN Tag Format ................................................................................................ 156
Table 49 Single and Double Tagged 802.11Q Frame Format ............................................ 157
Table 50 802.1Q Frame ..................................................................................................... 157
Table 51 VLAN Stacking ..................................................................................................... 159
Table 52 Multicast Status ................................................................................................... 162
Table 53 Multicast Setting .................................................................................................. 164
Table 54 Multicast: IGMP Filtering Profile .......................................................................... 165
Table 55 MVR ..................................................................................................................... 169
Table 56 MVR: Group Configuration .................................................................................. 170
Table 57 DHCP Relay ........................................................................................................ 176
Table 58 Static Routing ...................................................................................................... 177
Table 59 Filename Conventions ......................................................................................... 182
Table 60 Diagnostic ............................................................................................................ 185
Table 61 ZyXEL Clustering Management Specifications .................................................... 187
Table 62 Cluster Management: Status ............................................................................... 188
Table 63 FTP Upload to Cluster Member Example ............................................................ 190
Table 64 Clustering Management Configuration ................................................................ 191
Table 65 MAC Table ........................................................................................................... 194
Table 66 ARP Table ............................................................................................................196
Table 67 Command Summary: User Mode ........................................................................ 203
Table 68 Command Summary: Enable Mode .................................................................... 204
Table 69 Command Summary: Configuration Mode .......................................................... 208
Table 70 interface port-channel Commands ...................................................................... 218
Table 71 Command Summary: config-vlan Commands ..................................................... 221
Table 72 mvr Commands ................................................................................................... 223
Table 73 Troubleshooting the Start-Up of Your Switch ....................................................... 253
Table 74 Troubleshooting Accessing the Switch ................................................................ 253
Table 75 Troubleshooting the Password ............................................................................ 261
Table 76 General Product Specifications ........................................................................... 263
Table 77 Management Specifications ................................................................................. 264
Table 78 Physical and Environmental Specifications ......................................................... 264
Table 79 Classes of IP Addresses ..................................................................................... 267
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Table 80 Allowed IP Address Range By Class ................................................................... 268
Table 81 “Natural” Masks ................................................................................................... 268
Table 82 Alternative Subnet Mask Notation ....................................................................... 269
Table 83 Two Subnets Example ......................................................................................... 269
Table 84 Subnet 1 .............................................................................................................. 270
Table 85 Subnet 2 .............................................................................................................. 270
Table 86 Subnet 1 .............................................................................................................. 271
Table 87 Subnet 2 .............................................................................................................. 271
Table 88 Subnet 3 .............................................................................................................. 271
Table 89 Subnet 4 .............................................................................................................. 272
Table 90 Eight Subnets ...................................................................................................... 272
Table 91 Class C Subnet Planning ..................................................................................... 272
Table 92 Class B Subnet Planning ..................................................................................... 273
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ES-3148 User’s Guide
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ES-3148 User’s Guide
Preface
Congratulations on your purchase of the ES-3148 Intelligent Layer 2+ Switch.
This preface introduces you to the ES-3148 Intelligent Layer 2+ Switch and discusses the
conventions of this User’s Guide. It also provides information on other related documentation.
About This User's Guide
This manual is designed to guide you through the installation and configuration of your
ES-3148 for its various applications.
Related Documentation
• Web Configurator Online Help
Embedded web help for descriptions of individual screens and supplementary
information.
• ZyXEL Glossary and Web Site
Please refer to www.zyxel.com for an online glossary of networking terms and additional
support documentation.
Syntax Conventions
• “Enter” means for you to type one or more characters. “Select” or “Choose” means for
you to use one of the predefined choices.
• Command and arrow keys are enclosed in square brackets.
carriage return key;
• Mouse action sequences are denoted using a comma. For example, “In Windows, click
Start, Settings and then Control Panel” means first click the Start button, then point
your mouse pointer to Settings and then click Control Panel.
• “e.g.,” is a shorthand for “for instance”, and “i.e.,” means “that is” or “in other words”.
• The ES-3148 Intelligent Layer 2+ Switch may be referred to as “the ES-3148” or “the
switch” in this User’s Guide.
[ESC] means the Escape key and [SPACE BAR] means the Space Bar.
[ENTER] means the Enter, or
Preface 25
ES-3148 User’s Guide
Graphics Icons Key
ES-3148 Computer Server
Computer DSLAM Gateway
Central Office/ ISP Internet Hub/Switch
User Guide Feedback
Help us help you. E-mail all User Guide-related comments, questions or suggestions for
improvement to techwriters@zyxel.com.tw or send regular mail to The Technical Writing
Team, ZyXEL Communications Corp., 6 Innovation Road II, Science-Based Industrial Park,
Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan. Thank you.
26 Preface
Getting to Know Your Switch
This chapter introduces the main features and applications of the switch.
1.1 Introduction
The ES-3148 is a stand-alone layer 2 Ethernet switch with 48 10/100Mbps ports, two RJ-45
Gigabit (1Gbps or 1000Mbps)/mini-GBIC (Gigabit Interface Converter) combo ports for
uplink, two RJ-45 Gigabit ports and a console port and a management port for local
management. A combo port contains one Gigabit port and one slot for mini-GBIC transceiver
(SFP module).
With its built-in web configurator, managing and configuring the switch is easy. In addition,
the switch can also be managed via Telnet, any terminal emulator program on the console port,
or third-party SNMP management.
ES-3148 User’s Guide
CHAPTER 1
1.2 Software Features
This section describes the general software features of the switch.
DHCP Client
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol RFC 2131 and RFC 2132) allows individual
computers to obtain TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a server. You can configure the
switch as a DHCP client to obtain TCP/IP information (such as the IP address and subnet
mask) from a DHCP server. If you disable the DHCP service, you must manually enter the
TCP/IP information.
VLAN
A VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) allows a physical network to be partitioned into
multiple logical networks. Devices on a logical network belong to one group. A device can
belong to more than one group. With VLAN, a device cannot directly talk to or hear from
devices that are not in the same group(s); the traffic must first go through a router.
Queuing
Queuing is used to help solve performance degradation when there is network congestion.
Two scheduling services are supported: Strict Priority and Weighted Fair Scheduling. This
allows the switch to maintain separate queues for packets from each individual source or flow
and prevent a source from monopolizing the bandwidth.
Chapter 1 Getting to Know Your Switch 27
ES-3148 User’s Guide
Port Mirroring
Port mirroring allows you to copy traffic going from one or all ports to another or all ports in
order that you can examine the traffic from the mirror port (the port you copy the traffic to)
without interference.
Static Route
Static routes tell the switch how to forward IP traffic when you configure the TCP/IP
parameters manually.
IGMP Snooping
The switch supports IGMP snooping enabling group multicast traffic to be only forwarded to
ports that are members of that group; thus allowing you to significantly reduce multicast traffic
passing through your switch.
Multicast VLAN Registration (MVR)
Multicast VLAN Registration (MVR) is designed for applications (such as Media-on-Demand
(MoD)) using multicast traffic across a network. MVR allows one single multicast VLAN to
be shared among different subscriber VLANs on the network.
This improves bandwidth utilization by reducing multicast traffic in the subscriber VLANs
and simplifies multicast group management.
STP (Spanning Tree Protocol) / RSTP (Rapid STP)
(R)STP detects and breaks network loops and provides backup links between switches,
bridges or routers. It allows a switch to interact with other (R)STP -compliant switches in your
network to ensure that only one path exists between any two stations on the network.
Link Aggregation
Link aggregation (trunking) is the grouping of physical ports into one logical higher-capacity
link. You may want to trunk ports if for example, it is cheaper to use multiple lower-speed
links than to under-utilize a high-speed, but more costly, single-port link.
Port Authentication and Security
For security, the switch allows authentication using IEEE 802.1x with an external RADIUS
server and port security that allows only packets with dynamically learned MAC addresses
and/or configured static MAC addresses to pass through a port on the switch.
28 Chapter 1 Getting to Know Your Switch
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