Yuchai YC4E Euro II User Manual

YC4E(4110)系列
柴油机使用维护说明书
Operation and Maintenance
Manual for Diesels
--------YC4110 series
Yuchai Machinery Co. Ltd
2007.12
Executed standard
本说明书执行标准
型号
Diesel
Executed standard
执行标准
type
YC4110ZQ Q/YA2712003 YC4110ZQ(Ⅰ)系列柴油机技术条件
Q/YA2712003 YC4110ZQ(Ⅰ)
engine technical specifications
YC4110ZLQ Q/YA2922003 YC4110ZLQ(Ⅰ)系列柴油机技术条件
Q/YA2922003 YC4110ZLQ(Ⅰ)
engine technical specifications
YC4110ZLQ Q/YA4142003 YC4110ZLQ(Ⅱ)系列柴油机技术条件
Q/YA4142003 YC4110ZLQ(Ⅱ)
series diesel
series diesel
series diesel
engine technical specifications
柴油机生产许可证编号: Diesel Engine License No:
企业 名称
Name
of
enterp
rise
玉柴 机器 股份 有限 公司
Yucha
i
Mach
inery
Co. Ltd
柴油机标牌位置: Location of the nameplate:
品种 规格
Variety
and
specific
ation
多缸柴 油机≤
132.00k W、>
58.82k
W 车用
Multi
cylinder
diesel
engine,
power
132.00 KW and
58.82K W for
vehicl
e
许可证
编号
License
No.
XK06
205
00188
有效
Term
validi
2008 .07.0 1
of
ty
发证日期
Issuing date of license
2003.07.0 2
说 明
Des crip tion
发 证
Ind
ustr
ial
Pro duc tion
Per
mit
of
Chi
na
上报 部门
Depart
ment
reported
to
机械 产品 审查
Inspe ction
of
Depar
tment
of
Mech anical Produ
cts
存档
Filing
No.
903
省 别
Pro vin
ce
广 西
Gu
ang
xi
柴油机标牌位于进气管顶面。发动机型号和出厂编号打印
在气缸体排气侧中间的下缘平台上。
Nameplate of a diesel engine is located on the top surface of the air intake。The engine model and the ex-works identification number series number (see the figure left) also are stamped on the bottom flange platform at the middle of exhaust side of the cylinder block
尊敬的玉柴顾客:
欢迎您加入玉柴机器用户行列,中心希望玉柴机器能给您
带来滚滚财源和长久的好运。本系列产品采用先进的技术设计,
质量可靠、使用寿命长,具有良好的动力性和经济性。为了使
机器的优越性能得到更好的发挥,并保证机器的安全运行,青
年在使用之前首先详细阅读本使用说明书,并特别注意以下的
“安全行车注意事项”。
Respected customers of Yuchai
Thank you for choosing a product of Yuchai. W e sincerely wish it brings you more fortune and good luck. Advanced designs, which guarantee reliability and longevity with high performance and fuel efficiency, are used in our products. In order to enhance engine operation and safety, please first read the manual in detail and pay special attention to following the precautions for safe driving.
安全行车注意事项!
Precautions for safe driving
1.机油压力感应塞、水温感应塞、特别是机油压力过低报警
- 1 -
器这三个零件非常重要,凡有失灵者,须立即更换,以确保这 三个零件能正常工作。否则易造成因缺油烧坏曲轴或因缺水致 使气缸过热而开裂。
The oil pressure transmitter, water temperature sensor and, especially, the oil warning lamp are very important; if something goes wrong with any one of them, replace it immediately and ensure that it operates normally. Otherwise, the crankshaft may burn out due to lack of oil and the cylinder head overheat and crack due to lack of water.
2.凡在保养过程中清洗了机油滤清器滤芯或更换滤芯时,应
先灌满机油再安装,而且安装完成后,必须起动柴油机,并使 其怠速运转,然后下车仔细观察各滤清器有无渗漏现象,若有 则须及时排除,否则容易造成缺油烧坏曲轴。
If the oil filter element is cleaned or replaced during maintenance, it should first be filled with oil and then re-installed. Moreover, after installation it is necessary to start the engine and run it at idle speed, and then to get out of the driver’s cab and check carefully for leakage. If leakage occurs, repairs should be performed immediately, otherwise this will cause crankshaft failure due to lack of oil.
3.再次出车时,启动柴油机后怠速运转 35 分钟后再轻踩
油门踏板加速,待柴油机热机,各种仪表正常工作后,方可起 步运行。切莫冷车突然加大油门。在冷态下突然大幅升高转速, 会损坏各种仪表及其相应零件,加速柴油机运动件的磨损,从 而缩短柴油机的使用寿命。
Every time before driving the vehicle, the diesel engine should be started first and run at idle speed for 3 to 5 minutes to warm-up and make all instruments function at normal status. Do not press the accelerator pedal abruptly when the engine is cold. Increasing speed rapidly may damage all kinds of instruments and their corresponding parts, accelerate wear of moving parts, and shorten the engine’s life.
- 2 -
4.应避免高速、大负荷运转这台下突然熄火停机,应逐渐降
速、降负荷,带速运转 35 分钟后再停机。
Avoid stopping engine abruptly at high speed and under heavy load operating conditions. Decrease engine speed and load gradually, and then stop the engine after idle operating for 5 to 10 minutes.
5.增压柴油机要按照说明书的要求严格控制好供油提前角。
当柴油机功率下降时,应先检查进气管路是否有漏气现象,空 气滤清器是否已堵赛,并特别注意热态下空滤至增压器进气口 之间的管路再突然加速时有无被吸扁现象,然后再作进一步的 调整或维修。
The injection advance angle of the turbocharged diesel engine should be adjusted strictly in accordance to the directions in the manual. While the diesel engine power is decreasing, first check for leakage in the intake system and see whether the air cleaner has been clogged or not. Pay attention to the flattening of the hose between the air cleaner and turbocharger inlet when suddenly revving a warm engine and then, if necessary, adjust or repair it.
6.凡发现汽车及柴油机工作不正常时,要立即停车及时拆除
故障,决不能让汽车带病运行。
Whenever the vehicle or diesel engine experiences a problem, stop it promptly and perform repairs immediately. Forbid running a malfunctioning vehicle.
7.检查发动机时,不要直接触摸发动机的高温部件(例如
排气管),不要停机后马上打开水箱盖,以免烫伤。
When checking the engine, do not touch the high temperature
- 3 -
components (such as the exhaust pipe) directly, and do not open the water tank immediately after stopping the engine to avoid being scalded.
8.凡新机运行达 15005000 公里时,须及时到玉柴的委托
技术服务站进行走合保养,否则不予实行柴油机的质量保修。
When a new engine has run 1500-2500km, after break-in maintenance should be performed immediately at an authorized technical Yuchai service stationotherwise maintenance can not be implemented under warranty.
9.冷却系统的冷却液必须是防冻液,否则由此引起的质量故
障,不予实行三包。
The coolant of the cooling system must be an anti-freeze solution;
otherwise, trouble caused by this can not be remedied under warranty.
10.柴油机在气温为-15℃~40℃,海拔高度为 2000 米以下
(高原机除外)的环境条件下能正常工作,禁止在水浸、火灾 环境下工作。在风沙大、粉尘多的环境下,应注意清理空气滤 清器滤芯灰尘,滤芯如有破损应马上更新。在气温低于-15℃ 或气温高于 40℃或海拔高度超过 2000米时,用户应向玉柴技术、 服务部门咨询,采取有效措施以保证柴油机能正常工作。
A diesel engine can run normally only under definite environmental conditions. The required temperature range is from –15 to 40, and the altitude should be below 2000m. It is prohibited to make it run submerged under water and in fire conditions. If the environment is of heavy sand or dust, please pay more attention to cleaning the air filter element and if the filter element is damaged, replace it at once. When the temperature is lower than -15 or higher than 40 or the altitude is higher than 2000m, the user should consult with a technical Yuchai
- 4 -
service station and measures should be taken to ensure the normal operation of the engine.
11.正常使用和维护保养柴油机,否则会增加柴油机的噪声、
烟度、排放污染物,从而造成环境污染。噪声、烟度、排放污 染物增加的主要原因及排除方法在第四章中的第三、第四部分 已有说明。
Please operate and maintain the diesel engine correctly. Otherwise, noise, exhaust soot, and pollutant emission of the diesel engine may increase, causing environmental problems.
12 根据包装箱外的注意事项进行吊运、运输,贮存柴油机
的环境应通风、干燥、清洁、无腐蚀性物质。
Hoist and transport the engine in accordance with the precautions described on the outside the packageing case. The place for storage of the engine shall be well-ventilated, dry, clean and free of corrosive substances.
13.天气寒冷用户在仿效柴油机冷却水时必须同时打开水箱
盖。
玉柴机器股份有限公司
Yuchai Machinery Co., Ltd.
安全警示
● 为了使您的柴油机保持良好的排放,请您注意以下事项:
- 5 -
1. 不得随意扩大发动机的应用范围,如放大发动机油量、提高
供油前角及私自改装发动机。
2. 更换喷油器时应把喷油气铜垫和各缸喷油器总成一对一应装
好。
3. 柴油率氢气的油水分离器应按使用说明书的要求及时放水。
4. 空气滤清器根据使用情况不定期清理滤芯灰尘,安装滤芯时
检查有无破损,如有破损应马上换新件,经空滤后到增压器 进气口连接管路及接头卡钻箍应保证绝对密封可靠,否则容 易损坏增压器并引起窜油、窜气、烧瓦、抱轴等发动机严重 故障。
5. 用户不能有意请油泵维修人员加大油量,更不能自行进行油
泵调整。否则非常危险。
● 有可能让您受到伤害的事,千万莫做!
1. 发动机运行时,不得擦拭、加注润滑油或调整发动机。
2. 宽松的衣服和长发不得解禁移动或转动部件,更不要用手触
摸移动或旋转部件!
3. 发动机工作时及工作后 1 小时内,排气管及增压器等零部件
表面温度很高,身体不能接触,否则容易烫伤。
4. 在发动机高温时,不得马上打开冷却水箱加注盖,因为危险
的高温冷却液将会泄出伤人,柴油机如发生开锅,不要马上 停机加冷却水或冷却液,应使柴油机在怠速运行至少 5 分钟 以上,然后停机加冷却水,再怠速运行,利用放气开关放气, 再停机加液,再怠速,如此反复多次才能加够冷却液,确保 安全及柴油机正常工作。
5. 在发动机高温时,或冷却液加压时,不得打开冷却系统的加
注盖,因为危险地高温冷却液将会泄出。
● 有可能引起火灾甚至爆炸的事,要牢记心中!
1. 每天出车前应仔细检查发动机的工作情况,有无漏油、漏气、
漏水现象,特别是有漏燃油、机油及排气泄漏时,应及时排
- 6 -
除。
2. 向油箱加注燃油时,不得吸烟或有货源靠近。
3. 发动机及汽车上的电线、油管、橡胶或塑料气管、水管等易
燃件不得靠近排气管、增压器等高温或高速旋转部件。转向 助力泵油罐、转向泵、方向机只见的连接管路如有漏油应马 上排除,橡胶连接管等可燃物距离排气管、增压器等高温部 件必须有 100mm 以上的安全距离,并有可靠的隔热措施。
4. 燃油系统高低压管路不允许与硬件相碰撞摩擦,各种电器线
路更不允许与高低压油管干涉。
5. 油压感应塞原装为电器线路及仪表,决不允许私自改装为用
橡胶或尼龙管路连接机械直通仪表。
6. 排气管及增压器安装部位不允许漏气,垫片破损应即使更换
玉柴正宗配件,排气管与消声器连接法兰处决不允许漏气, 管路破损不许焊接修理。应马上换新件。
7. 转向助力泵油罐、转向泵、转向方向机只见的连接管路如有
漏油应马上排除,橡胶连接管路距排气总管 100 毫米以上。
8. 对于启动马达、充电发电机接线,要求在接线两端加防护套,
以便接好线路后可以用防护套罩住接线裸露金属部分。
9. 汽车厂接线时不得把柴油管路、电器线路捆绑在一起固定;
如果柴油管路、通气通油管路等捆绑在一起固定,也应在管 路建加装隔离、防振防护措施。建议柴油管路、电器线路、 通气通油管路等单独固定,固定时应考虑在与其他物体接触 时可能导致摩擦破损的部位加装隔离、防振防护措施。
- 7 -
前 言
YC4E(4110)系列柴油机是玉柴机器股份有限公司为满足市场需 求而开发的新产品,该机型是在 YC6G型柴油机的基础上开发设计的, 是轻中型载重骑车及中巴车等理想的配套动力。
YC4E(41 10) series engine is a new product that To meet demand and developmen basis of YC6G engine and an excellent choice to power medium bus and light-duty vehicles.
本说明书主要介绍 YC4110YC4E 系列柴油机的基本结构和使用
保养方面的初步知识,同时,对如何处理柴油机一般常见故障也作了
简单的介绍。希望用户在使用柴油机的保养维护工作,保证发动机的 正常工作,这样才能确保用户获得最大的经济效益。
The manual presents the technical specifications, the main accessories, the main technical structure and basic knowledge about operating and maintaining of the engine. Meanwhile, it also illustrates some of the primary troubles and troubleshooting methods. The user can understand and master the operation and maintenance of the YC4110 series diesel engine by reading this manual in detail, which would increase its economic benefit.
t of the market. It is self developed by Yuchai on the
随着生产的发展和不断满足用户的要求,该系列机型也会不断地
改进和提高,除特殊的变型设计和大的结构改进外,本说明书不再作
更改,因此过了一定的时间后,说明书的介绍与柴油机的时机结构可
- 8 -
能有一定的出入,请用户给予谅解并加以注意。
Along with the development of the consumer market and production techniques, the diesel engine will be improved and modified continually. In general, the manual will not be changed except for great design modification, and so some contents may differ from the actual diesel engine after a period of time. Please pay special attention to the differences.
另外,由于我公司的柴油机配套的汽车品种波段增加,因此其变
型品种也不断增加,本说明书只对基本型详加说明,其余变型产品的 改进,本书不再一一列举,请用户给予谅解并加以注意。
Moreover, though the product modifications are increasing continually, the manual only shows the basic type diesel engine and does not enumerate them.
玉柴技术中心负责对本说明书的解释,并由玉柴技术服务中心负
责对用户的技术咨询工作。
The technical development center of Yuchai company is responsible for the explanation of the manual, and the technical service center for advising the customers.
玉柴机器股份有限公司
Yuchai Machinery Co. Ltd.
- 9 -
目 录
第一章 YC4E(4110)系列柴油机主要技术规格及主要附件规
格……………………………………………………(15
YC4E(4110)series Basic Specification of Engine and S pecifications and Technical Data of Main Components
一、主要技术规格…………………………………(15
Basic Specification of Engine
二、主要附件的规格及型号………………………(16
Specifications of Main Components of Engine
三、柴油机主要技术数据…………………………(19
Basic Technical Data of Engine
第二章 柴油机的基本结构及维护方法……………………(23
Primary Structures of Engine and Their maintenance
一、气缸体…………………………………………23
Cylinder Block 二、气缸盖与配气机构…………………………… (24
Cylinder Head and Valve Train
三、曲柄连杆机构…………………………………(30
Crank-connecting rod mechanism
四、燃油供给系统…………………………………32
Fuel supply system
五、润滑系统……………………………………… (37
- 10 -
Lubrication System
六、冷却系统………………………………………39
Cooling System
七、增压和中冷系统………………………………(40
Turbocharger and Intercooler system
八、起动装置、电器系统与仪表…………………(44
StarterElectrical System and meter
九、转向泵…………………………………………(46
Hydraulic Steering Pump 第三章 柴油机的使用和维护保养…………………………(47 operation and maintenance of engine
一、柴油机的使用…………………………………(47
Operation of engine
二、柴油机的维护保养……………………………(49
Engine Service and Maintenance
第四章 柴油机的一般故障及其排除方法…………………(52)
Engine Frequently Possible Troubles and Their Remedy
附录一 博世 VE 型分配泵装配及供油提前角度的检查
与调整……………………………………………………… (58)
Appendix I
附录二 防冻液及使用说明……………………… (62)
Appendix I Antifreeze and Its Operating Instruction
附录三 喷油器使用注意事项…………………… (69)
Precautions for Injector Operation
- 11 -
- 12 -
- 13 -
- 14 -
YC4CZQ 柴油机总功率试验曲线
Test Curve of Gross Power of YC4CZQ Engine
- 15 -
YC4CZQ 柴油机万有特性曲线
- 16 -
YC4E150-20 柴油机外特性性能曲线
- 17 -
YC4E150-20 柴油机万有特性曲线
- 18 -
YC4E160-20 柴油机外特性性能曲线
- 19 -
- 20 -
- 21 -
YC4E160-20 柴油机万有特性曲线
第一章 YC4E(4110)系列柴油机
YC4E(4110) Series Engine
主要技术规格及主要附件规格
Basic Specification of Engine and Specifications of Main Components
一、 主要技术规格 Basic Specification of Engine
机型
model
型式 type
进气方式 Air
intake way
YC41 10ZQ
立式、直列、水冷、四冲程
增压
Turbo
chargi
气缸型式 干式 Dry
燃烧室型式
Type of
combustion
chamber
气缸数 Number
of cylinders
(piece)
气缸直径(mm
Cylinder bore
(mm)
ng
YC4110
ZLQ
YC4E160
20
YC4E15
20
YC4E14
020
增压中冷
Turbocharging and inter-cooling
直喷式
Direct injection type
4
110
YC4E1 3520
- 22 -
活塞行程(mm
Piston stroke
(mm)
活塞总排量(L
Total
displacement of
pistons (L)
压缩比
Compression
ratio
排放执行指标
Emission
标定功率(kW
标定转速
r/min
Rated power
(kW)
最大扭矩
N·m
最大扭矩转速
r/min
Max. torque
(N·m)
全负荷最低燃
油耗(g/Kw.h)
Min. fuel
consumption
rate at full load
(g/kW·h
112
4.257
17.51
欧Ⅰ 欧Ⅱ
100 110 118 110 105 100
2800
2600
2600 2600 2800 2800
2800
392
490
520 490 430430 392
450
1600
1700 14001600 16001800
1800
220 215
- 23 -
机燃油消耗比
(%)
Oil-fuel
consumption
ratio (%)
续表
机型
Model code
排气温度(℃)
Exhaust
temperature (℃)
最大烟度
FSN
Soot (BSU)
工作顺序
Fire order
曲轴旋转方向
Rotation
direction of
crankshaft (face
to output end)
润滑方式
Lubrication
system
冷却方式
Cooling system
0.5 0.3
YC41 10ZQ
YC4110
ZLQ
YC4E160
20
YC4E15
20
550
3.0
342
1
逆时针(从飞轮端看)
Counterclockwise
压力、飞溅混合式
Combination of splash and pressure
闭式强制循环水冷却
Pressurized circulating liquid cooling
YC4E14
020
YC4E1 3520
- 24 -
起动方式
Start system
整机净质量
kg
外形尺寸(长× 宽×高)(mm
847.5×664×843 952.4×702×930.3
电起动
Electric
380
注:标定功率、最大扭矩、全负荷最低燃油指进气温度 25℃, 进气干空气压 99kPa,水蒸气分压 1 kPa,进气总压 100 kPa 时 测量值。如实验时环境温度与此不符时,应按《汽车发动机性 能试验办法》中列出的计算公式进行修正,标定功率允差±5%, 其他转速下功率允差±6%。
Note: The rated power, max. torque, and Min. specific fuel consumption at full-load refer to the measurement values in the state that the charge temperature is 25, dry air pressure is 99kPa, vapor pressure is 1kPa, and the total intake pressure is 100kPa. If the experiment condition is not accordance with these, those should be modified in according to the formula mentioned in The Experiment Measurement of Engine Performance. The rated power tolerance is ±5%, and the power tolerances in other speeds are ±6%.
二、 主要附件的规格及型号
Accessories specifications
(注:1.除 530 机型的喷油泵以外,其余机型喷油泵型号以
龙口厂为准,增压器以上海联信、喷油器以无锡欧 亚为准,其余各厂家产品参考排放公告。
2.起动机、发电机、空气压缩机邓福建可因配套不同 车型调整)
- 25 -
机型 YC4110
型式
model
code
Fuel
injecti
on
pump
asse mbly
型号
type
柱塞直
径(mm)
plunger
diamete
r(mm)
柱塞行
程(mm)
plunger
stroke(
mm)
出油阀
直径
(mm)
delivery
valve
diamete
r(mm)
YC4110
ZQ
BHT4PA
110R13
04
单列柱
塞式
in-line
plunge
r
Ф11 Ф12 Ф11 Ф12 Ф11
11 3.2 11 3.2 11
Ф7 Ф7 Ф7
ZLQ
VE4/12
F1400
轴向柱
塞分配
P-type
pump
YC4E160
-20
BHT4PA110R1304 V4E/12
单列柱塞
in-line
plunger
YC4E1
5-20
轴向柱塞分配式
P-type pump
YC4E14
0-20
F1400
YC4E135
-20
BHT4PA1
10R1304
单列柱
塞式
in-line
plunger
- 26 -
Loading...
+ 106 hidden pages